高中英語定語從句教案
發(fā)表時間:2021-01-05高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語學(xué)案專題十定語從句。
俗話說,居安思危,思則有備,有備無患。作為高中教師就要精心準(zhǔn)備好合適的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好地進(jìn)入課堂環(huán)境中來,幫助高中教師掌握上課時的教學(xué)節(jié)奏。那么一篇好的高中教案要怎么才能寫好呢?小編收集并整理了“高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語學(xué)案專題十定語從句”,希望能為您提供更多的參考。
2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語學(xué)案專題十定語從句
1.(09天津)Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever
C考查定語從句的用法。分析先行詞和定語從句的關(guān)系發(fā)現(xiàn)先行詞在定語從句中作定語,故選C符合。
2.(09天津)ItraveltotheBinhaiNewAreabylightrailwayeveryday,_____domanybusinessmenwholiveindowntownTianjin.
A.asB.whichC.whenD.though
A考查as連接的倒裝句式。按照句意此處as有正如,正像的意思,故as符合。
3.(09陜西)GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.
A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich
C考查定語從句,先行詞是Guncontrol,指物,關(guān)系詞在從句中做介詞的賓語,介詞前置,介詞與從句動詞構(gòu)成搭配argueaboutsth,選C。
4.(09四川)She’llneverforgetherstaythere________shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
D考查定語從句的用法。herstay為先行詞,可以理解為抽象的一段時間(她呆在那里期間),when指代herstay在定語從句中做時間狀語。
5.(09浙江)Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
B考查定語從句關(guān)系副詞的選擇。分析句式inmylife為插入成分;point為先行詞,在定語從句中先行詞做地點(diǎn)狀語,意思為“我應(yīng)該做出我自己決定的地方(某一點(diǎn))”
6.(09北京)—Whatdoyouthinkofteacher,Bob?
—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob___youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
A考查定語從句用法。分析定語從句主謂賓完整,說明應(yīng)該填關(guān)系副詞,先行詞為ajob,定語從句的意思是在這個工作中……,所以答案用where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
7.(09福建)It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheycanseethemselvesdifferently.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
D考查定語從句。先行詞是situation,指物,亦可指地點(diǎn),關(guān)系詞在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語,用關(guān)系副詞where,選D。
8.(09安徽)AgoodfriendofminefromIwasbornshowedupatmyhomerightbeforeIleftforBeijing.
A.howB.whomC.whenD.which
C考查定語從句用法。本題對學(xué)生來說較難,不容易看的懂.本句意為“就在我準(zhǔn)備去北京前,我兒時的一位好朋友到我家里來了.”
9.(09安徽)Manychildren,parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.
A.theirB.whoseC.ofthemD.withwhom
B本題考察定語從句的用法,屬于較容易題.明顯表達(dá)為”他們的父母”
10.(09湖南)IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acitynamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.
A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose
D考查定語從句。先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)定語,意思為這個城市的名字。
11.(09全國2)Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,wasverykindofhim.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
A考查非限制性定語從句(這兒的which指代前面整句話內(nèi)容。
12.(09江西)6.ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.
A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich
B考查定語從句。Thehouse(which/thatIgrewupin),主語后面緊跟的是定語從句。
13.(09海南)7.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.
A.themB.whoC.whomD.these
C??疾槎ㄕZ從句中的非限制性定語從句。句意為:她帶著她的三個朋友,他們?nèi)齻€中沒有一個人我曾見過。表示“部分的詞語+of+關(guān)系代詞”在非限制性定語從句指人只能用whom。
14.(09山東)8.WheneverImether,_________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.
A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that
B非限制性定語從句,指代前面一個句子,故用which.
總體做題采用還原法:即把先行詞還原到定語從句里邊,看一下做什么成分、、指人、物;做主語、賓語還是狀語等即可突破,具體說:
1.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)劃出定語從句(劃完后必須是兩個獨(dú)立的句子)。
2.根據(jù)先行詞的特點(diǎn)、功能進(jìn)一步選擇。
⑴如果先行詞在定語從句中主、賓語,則選關(guān)系代詞。
⑵如果先行詞在定語從句中做狀語,則用關(guān)系副詞。
3.根據(jù)先行詞的具體用法進(jìn)一步選擇。
1.TheEnglishplay__________mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.
A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich
2.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,__________,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.
A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which
3.Ifashophaschairs__________womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
4.Women_______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose________don’t.
A.who;不填B.不填;whoC.who;whoD.不填;不填
5.TheBeatles,________manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.
A.whatB.thatC.howD.as
6.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecenter,____theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.
A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where
7.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,____theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatcharges.
A.whenB.duringwhichC.sincethenD.sincewhen
8.TheScienceMuseum,________wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
9.Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.
A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which
10.Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,_______appearedararerainbowsoon.
A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich
參考答案和詳解:
1.C根據(jù)句子意思需選擇介詞in,從而構(gòu)成actintheplay。關(guān)系代詞在此是指Englishplay,指物,因此選擇inwhich。注意:如果定語從句謂語動詞為介詞動詞也就是由動詞+介詞構(gòu)成的短語,那么介詞必須后置,不能與動詞拆開置于關(guān)系代詞前面。
2.D這是一句非限制性定語從句,關(guān)系代詞指代整個句子Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,且從句中行為動詞made是主動語態(tài),因此選擇which。
3.D此題答案是。這里的關(guān)系副詞指代onchairs,指地點(diǎn),因此選擇where。不要誤以為chair在句中是做主語或者賓語,在做此類題時一定要結(jié)合定語從句要表達(dá)的意思,做到“瞻前顧后”。
4.C審明句意:每天和多于兩杯咖啡的女性比那些沒有改習(xí)慣的女性得心臟病的可能性要大得多。在本題中的who都是引導(dǎo)定語從句,指代人,在定語從句中做主語,所以都不能省略。
5.D本題考查在實(shí)際語境中對于非限制性定語從句的應(yīng)用能力。as引導(dǎo)定語從句,在從句中做remember的賓語,指代的是theBeatles“披頭士樂隊(duì)”。what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,在句中做主語賓語或表語,that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,how引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。
6.D本題中用where引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞是adaycarecenter,where在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語。注意then和there是副詞,不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。While雖然是連詞,但是只能用來連接狀語從句。
7.D在本題中用sincewhen引導(dǎo)定語從句。因?yàn)榫渲械闹^語haswitnessed是現(xiàn)在完成時,所以要用sincewhen。when指代上文中的in1946,表示“這本書是1946年寫的,從那以后,教育體制發(fā)生了巨大變化”。
8.A本題考查的重點(diǎn)是非限制性定語從句。非限制性定語從句的先行詞指物時,應(yīng)用which而不用that,theScienceMuseum雖然是一個地點(diǎn)名詞,但是在本句中的定語從句里做的是賓語而不是地點(diǎn)狀語所以不能用where,尤其注意visit是一個及物動詞。
9.D本題考查的是非限制性定語從句。題中空格前面主句中的先行詞是car,空格后面定語從句的謂語動詞bought后面缺一個賓語,只能選用關(guān)系代詞。A項(xiàng)when和B項(xiàng)where都是關(guān)系副詞,可以予以排除,C項(xiàng)that不能用于非限制性定語從句中。故選D。
10.D考查非限制性定語從句的介詞+which的用法,原句可還原成…ararerainbowappearedabove…。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)我們已經(jīng)知道了考查的大方向,就是需要我們找到合適的介詞搭配。
根據(jù)考綱要求,考生在復(fù)習(xí)備考時要弄清定語從句的先行詞與關(guān)系詞的關(guān)系;關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞的選擇和運(yùn)用;限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的用法以及強(qiáng)調(diào)句式和同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別。把握命題規(guī)律,一般定語從句的命題熱點(diǎn)內(nèi)容如下:
1.that與which的選用;that與where/when的選用;
2.“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞的選用;
3.“介詞+which”與when/where間的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系;
4.which與as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別;
5.“不定代詞/數(shù)詞+ofwhich/whom”與“不定代詞/數(shù)詞+ofthem”的選用;
6.定語從句中的主謂一致現(xiàn)象。1定語從句可以說是各地高考必然首先考慮的重要考點(diǎn),在題目設(shè)計(jì)的過程中,勢必會以“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句為熱點(diǎn),以非限制性定語從句為重點(diǎn),以關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句為難點(diǎn)。
7.在疑問句中或倒裝句中考查定語從句
8.通過拆分詞組和固定搭配或者添加插入語或狀語來考查定語從句
做到了以上幾點(diǎn)就能輕松拿到定語從句的分?jǐn)?shù)。
1.Thetown_______wevisitedlastmonthistheone_______thefamouspainterwasborn.
A.where;whichB.which;whereC.which;thatD.where;where
2.WewenttoMountainTailastweekend,________,notsurprisingly,wascrowdedwithvisitors.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
3.Wehopethatthemeasurestocontrolthestockmarket,____aretakenbythegovernment,willwork.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what
4.Manyfactorsinfluenceastudentinhis/herstudy,____Ithinkareoutofateacher’scontrol.
A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat
5.—Obamawontheelection.It’samazing!
—Yes.Buttheresultwaswithin______wehadexpected,______broughtgreatjoytomanyyoungpeopleandtheblack.
A.that;whichB.that;thatC.what;whatD.what;which
6.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_________heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.
A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why
7.Itwasinthefactory_______hisfriendworked_______hepickedupalotofexperience.
A.where,whereB.that,whereC.that,thatD.where,that
8.Todaythepublicismuchconcernedabouttheway_______.
A.natureisbeingruinedB.whichnatureisruined
C.onwhichtoruinnatureD.ofnaturetoberuined
9.Youngpeoplewhohavegotjobsmayrealizeuniversitylessonscan’tbetheonlypreparationforallofthesituations________appearintheworkingworld.
A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what
10.Isittheyears_______youworkedinAfricaasadoctor_______haveagreateffectonyourliteraryworks?
A.that;whereB.that;thatC.when;whereD.when;that
11.Wasitinthewaitingroom______onlyallowsmothers-to-betoenterthatyoulostyourwallet?
A./B.whereC.thatD.when
12Obama,_______lifewasoncehardwhenhewasyoung,wereelectedPresidentofAmerican.
A.forwhomB.whoC.towhomD./
13_______hasbeenannounced,ourgovernmentwilltakemoremeasurestomakethefallingeconomicsrecoverassoonaspossible.
AThatBAsCItDWhat
14.LeeYuchunwastitledasthetopthinbeautyinAnsia,_______causedalotofdisagreementsinthefieldofentertainment.
A.thatB.whichCasDit
15ThereweresomanyattractionsinDisneyPark.Afterlunchwecametoaplace,_______stoodabigtower.
A.whichB.thatC./D.where
16.Apoliticaladvisorsuggestedgivingoutredpocketstothewholenationdirectlytoencourageeconomics,_____Ibelieveisofgreatvalue.
AthatB./C.whichD.why
17Isthisthewebsite_______youwanttohave____intoyourfilestohelpyoulearnEnglish?
A.who;toaddB.that;addC.whom;addingD.that;added
18.Wehaveheardofmanycases_______somecitizens,especiallysomefamouspeople,havesufferedbecausepersonalinformationhadbeenleaked.
A.whyB.whichC.asD.where
19.Tonyshowedmehisnewcellphone,_______wassmallbutitcouldchangecolorsindifferentweather.
A.thescreenofwhomB.whomthescreenofC.whichthescreenofD.thescreenofwhich
20.Iwillneverforgettheday_______Icametomyuniversityandtheday______Ispentinanewcity.
A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when
參考答案和解析:
1.B注意在第一個空后面的定語從句里的visit是一個及物動詞,所以thetown在定語從句里做的是visit的賓語,所以第一個空我們可以用that,which或者省略。第二個空的先行詞theone指代的還是thetown,但是此時thetown在定語從句里做的是地點(diǎn)狀語,所以要用where來引導(dǎo)定語從句。
2.B這里從總的方面來看考查的非限制性定語從句,我們找到定語從句的先行詞,根據(jù)空格后面的wascrowdedwithvisitors我們可以判斷這個定語從句的先行詞應(yīng)該是在山上人有很多而不是指時間,所以不能用when。
3.C本題考查的非限制性定語從句,句子的主干表達(dá)的意思是我們希望控制證券市場的措施會生效。那么…aretakenbythegovernment就是個定語從句來解釋stockmarket,證券市場在非限制性定語從句中做的是主語,所以不能用where來引導(dǎo)從句。
4.B這個句子尤其要注意區(qū)分A和B選項(xiàng)的不同,只要我們注意了標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號就知道這并不是個并列句,所以不能選A。因?yàn)槭嵌禾?,說明后面是個非限制性定語從句,這里考查的是介詞+which的用法,原句可還原成…mostofthefactors…。
5.D第一個空考查的是what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句子里做的是within這個介詞的賓語,第二個空是由which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,這里的which指代的是奧巴馬當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)這件事。
6.A句意“他使得自己處于非常危險的境況中,(在這個境況中)他可能失去對飛機(jī)的控制”,所選擇的關(guān)聯(lián)詞應(yīng)該在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,表示inthesituation。注意:where這個詞不僅僅可以表地點(diǎn),某人/物的情況、某事發(fā)展的階段、某事的某個方面都可以用where這個關(guān)系副詞來表達(dá)。
7.D本題是把定語從句放到了強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)里來考查,第一個空是由where引導(dǎo)的定語從句解釋說明thefactory,在定語從句里做的是地點(diǎn)狀語。第二個空是itwas….that…強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。
8.A這里考查定語從句里的特殊情況就是當(dāng)先行詞是theway的時候,關(guān)系代詞可以是that,inwhich或者省略。A選項(xiàng)就是符合第三種情況。
9.C注意在本句里的situation是先行詞,在空格后的定語從句里缺少的是主語,而且指的是物,所以該空我們可以用which或者that,但是不管用什么都不能省略。
10.D該題既做到了把定語從句放到疑問句中,又做到了把定語從句放到強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)里進(jìn)行考查。第一個空是個定語從句,先行詞是theyear,when在定語從句里是時間狀語;第二個空是itis…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。
11.C在考查定語從句的時候利用疑問句的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)來干擾學(xué)生的正確選擇比較常見。遇到這類定語從句時,最好的辦法是先把疑問句還原成陳述句,然后判斷誰是先行詞,再看關(guān)系詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?,最后確定正確答案。在這個定語從句中的先行詞是room,that在定語從句里做主語。
12.A這是一個非限制性定語從句,還考查到了“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。根據(jù)句子意思需選擇介詞for,從而構(gòu)成behardforObama.for的賓語是指人,這時就只能用whom。
13.B這是一句非限制性定語從句,關(guān)系代詞指代整個句子weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonth,且位于句首,因此選擇as。在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但注意as引導(dǎo)的定語從句可置于句首,而which不可。
14.B在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時,as和which都可以用來指代前面整句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。As在從句中作主語時,后面常接動詞的被動語態(tài);如果從句中的行為動詞是主動語態(tài),一般用which做主語,所以正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為B。
15.D在本句中為了保持句子平衡,句子用了倒裝語序。倒裝的使用使定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)變得較為特殊,對于這種情況,應(yīng)先把倒裝語序還原成正常語序,這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)就比較清晰了。這里是非限制性定語從句解釋前面的theplace.
16.C在考查定語從句時會利用插入語或狀語的添加來增加試題的難度。常見的插入語有:Ithink(suppose,expect,believe,imagine),inmyopinion,totellyouthetruth等。做這類題目時我們可以先刪去插入語或狀語,找出句子的主干。在該句中先行詞是discovery,which是在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,在句子里做主語。
17.D非謂語動詞是英語中難度較大的語法項(xiàng)目之一,因而在定語從句中加入非謂語動詞會增加考查定語從句的難度。對這類題目最有效的辦法就是將句子還原。本句還原后應(yīng)是:YouwanttohavethewebsiteaddedintoyourfilestohelpyoulearnEnglish.先行詞是thewebsite,因?yàn)樵诙ㄕZ從句里做賓語,所以可以用that,which或者省略,但是第二個空只能用added,因?yàn)檫€考查到了havesomethingdone,這里是網(wǎng)站被添加到收藏夾。
18.D定語從句的先行詞cases在此意為“實(shí)例,情況”,根據(jù)從句的意思“在這些例子中(情境中)……”,先行詞在從句中應(yīng)該擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語成分,表示inmanycases,所以用where來引導(dǎo)表示地點(diǎn)的定語從句。
19.D從四個選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置不難看出是考察介詞加關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。再從先行詞watch可看出是指物,可排除A和B。C項(xiàng)中關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)放在介詞之后,如改為ofwhichthescreen或者whosescreen也是可以的。
20.A在本句中兩個先行詞theday都是表示時間的名詞,但第一個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語,因此要用關(guān)系副詞when.第二個空白處要填的關(guān)系詞在從句中作動詞spent的賓語,因此要用關(guān)系代詞which或that來引導(dǎo)定語從句。
擴(kuò)展閱讀
高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語考案:定語從句
2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語考案:定語從句
1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.
A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when
2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.
A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which
3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as
4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?
A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who
5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.as
6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.
A.whomB.whichC.whoD.when
7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning?
A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who
8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere?
A.whoB./C.thatD.when
9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.
A.whoB.whomC.towhomD.towho
10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour.
A.withwhomB.whenC.towhomD.which
11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.
A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalking
C.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalking
12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica.
A.whichyoushowedB.youshowedhimC.youshowedD.whereyoushowed
13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard.
A.ofwhomB.fromwhomC.aboutthatD.who
14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench.
A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which
15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou?
A.thatB.whomC.whenD.whose
16.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice.
A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.all
17.Theforeignguests,____weregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.
A.mostofthemB.mostofthatC.mostofwhomD.mostofthose
18.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight.
A.whoB.whichC.thatD.as
19.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;youmayask____knowsbetterthanI.
A.whoeverB.whomeverC.anyoneD.theone
20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.
A.whereB./C.whenD.what
21.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.onwhich
22.Nearbyweretwocanoes____theyhadcometotheisland.
A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD./
23.Jackispleasedwith____youhavegivenhimandall____youhavetoldhim.
A.that,whatB.what,thatC.which,whatD.that,which
24.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colourisyellow?
A.thatB.whichC.itsD.whose
25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.
A.whomB.whoC.towhomD.formwhom
26.Isthisschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?
A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.where
27.Isthistheschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?
A.theoneB.whereC.inwhichD./
28,Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry?
A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which
29.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,____cameasasurprise.
A.itB.whichC.thatD.he
30.ThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriage____alreadysevenotherpeople.
A.whentherewereB.whichtherewere
C.thattherewereD.wheretherewere
31.Iliveinthehouse____windowsfacesouth.
A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.inthat
32.----Whatgameispopularwiththem?
----The____mostistennis.
A.gametheylikeitB.gametheylike
C.bestgametheylikeD.bestgametheylikeit
33.Theystayedwithmethreeweeks,____theydrankallthewineIhad.
A.whichB.whichtimeC.duringwhichtimeD.duringwhich
34.Theroom____MrWhitelivesisnotverylarge.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
35.Don’tforgettheday____youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.
A.whenB.thatC.atwhichD.where
36.I’vefinishedwritingthenovel,____istobepublishednextmonth.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when
37.Hereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebattle,____wasunexpected.
A.whichB.asC.thatD.it
38.____weisknowntoall,Englishisnotverydifficulttolearn.
A.WhatB.AsC.ThatD.Which
39.Theoldmanhadthreesons,allof____diedduringWorldWarⅡ.
A.whoseB.thatC.whomD.who
40.Ihaveboughttwopens,____writewell.
A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.bothofwhichD.allofwhich
41.Doyouknowthereason____shehaschangedhermind?
A.whyB.whichC.forthatD.ofwhich
42.Hefailedintheexam,____provesthathewasn’tworkinghardenough.
A.whichB.whatC.itD.that
43.Duringtheweek____hetriedtocollectmaterialsforhisarticle.
A.followingB.followedC.tofollowD.thatfollowed
44.____wasexpected,hesucceededintheexam.
A.ItB.WhichC.AsD.That
45.Hestudiedhardandlaterbecameawell-knownwriter,____hisfatherexpected.
A.thatwaswhatB.whatwasthat
C.andwhichwasD.whichwaswhat
46.Weshouldreadsuchbooks____willmakeusbetterandwiser.
A.whenB.asC.whoseD.what
47.Youmustshowmywifethesamerespect____youshowme.
A.whenB.asC.whoseD.what
48.Heisabsent____isoftenthecase.
A.whatB.whichC.whoD.as
49.Itisthefirsttime____Ihavecometoyourcity.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when
50.Who____hasthesameideaasitwilldoitinthisway.
A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which
51.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears____Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,____hasagreateffectonmylife.
A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who
52.Thisistheonlybook____Icanfind.
A.thatB.whichC.itD.withwhich
53.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher.
A.thewayB.thewayinthat
C.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
54.Thatisoneofthosebooksthat____worthreading.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
55.Thisistheonlyoneofthestudentswhosehandwriting____thebest.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
56.Therewas____topreventtheaccident.
A.somethingcoulddoB.anythingwecoulddo
C.nothingwecouldn’tdoD.nothingwecoulddo
57YesterdayMr.Lifinallyboughthisownhouse,_______isahospital.
A.inwhereB.totheeastofwhich
C.totheeastofitD.intheeastofthat
58.Mybrotherspurse,_______heput¥1,000,wasmissingonthebus.
A.thereB.whichC.inwhichD.that
59.Thefootballmatch_______thestudentscompetedyesterdaywasverywonderful.
A.inwhichB.whichC.inthatD.that
60.Thereason_______hewaslateagainwasthathewascaughtinatrafficjamintherushhour.
A.whichB.inwhichC.forwhichD.ofwhich
61.Hisglasses,_______hecouldseenothing,wastakenawaybyanaughtyboy.
A.whichB.withoutwhichC.withwhichD.withoutthose
62.Thecomputer,_______hepaid¥3,000,wasonceownedbyhisuncle.
A.whichB.forwhichC.thatD.tothat
63.Inthepastwelostmanychances,_______wepaidlittleattention.
A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.towhich
64.Thepen,_______Ihadbeenwritingfortenyears,wasbroken.
A.withwhichB.withthatC.asD.withit
65.Maryhastwobrothers,________aredoctors.
A.bothoftheyB.bothofwhomC.bothofthemD.whomofboth
66.Theproblem_______youarguedaboutyesterdayhasbeensolved.
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.forwhich
67.Myauntboughtmeabook,thename_______Ihaveforgotten.
A.ofitB.whichC.whoseD.ofwhich
68.OnthewayhomeImetmyfriendJohn,from_______homethethiefhadstolenacomputer.
A.whomB.whichC.thatD.whose
69.Ihatetheway_______youtalktoyourmother.
A.bywhichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.which
70.Atlastwefoundtheholeinthewall_______themousegotintothehouselastnight.
A.inwhichB.whichC.throughwhichD.bywhich
71.Therearethreegirlsintheroom,________isTomssister.
A.thetallestofwhichB.thetallestofwhom
C.tallestofthatD.tallestofwhich
72.Illneverforgettheday_______Iboughtmyownguitarwithmyownmoney.
A.whereB.onwhichC.onwhenD.that
73.Sheisjustthegirl,with_______mybrothercametovisitmelastmonth.
A.whomB.herC.thatD.who
74.Lastnightwesawtwomovies,_______wasinteresting.
A.bothofwhichB.neitherofwhich
C.bothofthemD.neitherofthem
75.Thisisthehousein_______Iwasbornthirtyyearsago.
A.itB.thereC.whichD.that
76.Thereasonfor_______hefailedintheexamwasthathewastoocareless.
A.whichB.whyC.thatD.it
77.Isawawomanrunningtowardsmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection_______shehadcome
A.ofwhichBbywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich
78.Women_______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose______don’t.
A.who,/B./,whoC.who,whoD./,/
79.Wearejusttryingtoreachapoint______bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.
A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which
80.—Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?
---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.
A.whyB.whereC.howD./
81.ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,_____shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.
A.afterthatB.fromthatC.fromwhichD.afterwhich
82.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,______wegavesomebellsandglasses.
A.towhichBtowhomC.withwhomD.withwhich
83.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse_____roofisunderrepair.
A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that
84.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,______meantspendingtentsofthousandsofpounds.
A.whoB.thatCasD.which
85.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_____Ireallyenjoyed.
A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which
86.Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm______wevisitedthreemonthsago?
A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what
87.Ihavemanyfriends,________somearebusinessmen.
AofthemBfromwhichCwhoofDofwhom
88.---Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?
---Thereisnooneelse_______,isthere?
AwhototurntoBshecanturntoCforwhomtoturnDforhertoturn
89.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from_____effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.
AthatBwhoseCthoseDwhat
90.Ifashophaschairs_______womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.
AthatBwhichCwhenDwhere
91.Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,_____hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.
AduringwhichtimeBforwhichtimeCduringwhosetimeDbythattime
92.Anyway,thatevening,____I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,endedupstayingatRachel’splace.
AwhenBwhereCwhatDwhich
93.Luckily,we’dbroughtaroadmapwithout_______wewouldhavelostourway.
AitBthatCthisDwhich
94.---Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?
----Right,justtheone_______youknowIusedtoworkforyears.
AthatBwhichCwhereDwhat
95.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.
AwhichBthatCthisDit
96.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.
AwhoBasCaboutwhichDwithwhom
97.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone____familywaspoor.
A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose
98.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_______broughtherheartintohermouth.
A.itB.whichC.thisD.that
99.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.
A.thatB.who C.fromwhom D.towhom
100.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.
A.what B.whichC.that D.it
101.AfterlivinginPairsforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown____hegrewupasachild.
A.which B.whereC.that D.when
102.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,_____personallyIdoubtverymuch.
A.it B.that C.whenD.which
103.Hewashidingbehindthedoor_________hecouldseewhatwashappening.
A.whichB.fromwhereCfromwhichD.where
104.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_____wasveryreasonable.
A.whichprice B.thepriceofwhich
C.itsprice D.thepriceofwhose
105._____hasalreadybeenpointedout,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.
A.As B.It C.That D.Which
106.HelivedinLondonfor3months,during____timehelearnedsomeEnglish.
A.thisB.which C.thatD.same
107.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,____,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.
A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which
108.Astorygoes______ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethatbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.
A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that
109.Thevisitoraskedtheguidetotakehispicture_____standsthefamoustower.
A.that B.whereC.which D.there
110.Theboss____departmentMsKingworkedtenyearsagolookdownuponwomen.
A.inwhich B.inthat C.inwhoseD.whose
111.Idon’tlike_____youspeaktoher.
A.thewayB.thewayinthat
C.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
112.Therearetwobuildings,____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.
A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich
113.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,____ofgreatimportancetoscience.
A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitis
C.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis
114.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom
115.GeorgeOrwell,_______wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.
A.therealnameB.whathisrealnameC.hisrealnameD.whoserealname
參考答案:
1-5ABACD6-10CDCCA11-15CCADA16-20ACCAB21-25ABBDC26-30ADABD31-35BBDCA36-40CABCC41-45AADCD46-50BBDAB51-55.BAABA56-60.CBCAC61-65.BBDAB66-70ADDCC71-75BBABC76-80ADCAD81-85DBADB86-90CDBBD91-95ADDCA96-100DDBDB
101-105BDBBA106-110BDDBC111-115ADADD
高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語教案:定語從句
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2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語教案:定語從句
定語從句要點(diǎn)概述:1.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別。當(dāng)先行詞是時間或地點(diǎn)時,如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞when,where還是which或that;2.when,where引導(dǎo)定語從句和狀語從句的區(qū)別;3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語從句,關(guān)鍵要找準(zhǔn)先行詞或定語從句中的謂語動詞的固定搭配;4.that,which引導(dǎo)定語從句的區(qū)別;5.as引導(dǎo)的定語從句;6.such---as與such---that的區(qū)別;thesame----as/that的用法;7.theway作先行詞時用that/inwhich引導(dǎo)或省略that或inwhich;8.that引導(dǎo)的定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)別。
對于定語從句考綱要求掌握以下內(nèi)容:1.引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞;2.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的關(guān)系詞;3.限制性與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別;4.介詞+關(guān)系代詞的用法;5.不定代詞/數(shù)詞+ofwhich/whom引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句及其該結(jié)構(gòu)與并列句的判斷;6.關(guān)系詞之間的異同現(xiàn)象及選用。
定語從句是高中英語學(xué)習(xí)的重要語法項(xiàng)目之一,在高考各個題型中都有可能會涉及到。它的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法比較復(fù)雜,是高中階段英語學(xué)習(xí)的一個重點(diǎn),也是高考英語常考的一個考點(diǎn),是歷年高考的熱點(diǎn),掌握定語從句對于語言理解和運(yùn)用具有重要的意義。對定語從句的考查角度較多,分析近幾年的高考試題發(fā)現(xiàn):從從句類型上看,考查非限制定語從句,限制性定語從句;從關(guān)系詞上看,關(guān)系代詞which,關(guān)系副詞where,關(guān)系副詞when均有考查;從介詞+關(guān)系代詞方面,也有涉及。當(dāng)然不管從那個方面考查,只要弄清定語從句的有關(guān)概念就可以“以不變應(yīng)萬變”。因此教師在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)備考中要注意:
1.了解有關(guān)定語從句的所有語法規(guī)則,弄清從句中關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別。
2.分清及物動詞和不及物動詞,判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整,注意句子中逗號的語法作用。
3.注意先行詞的特殊性和關(guān)系代詞的選擇,依據(jù)先行詞來選擇“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
4.加強(qiáng)有關(guān)定語從句的理解和練習(xí)。
定語從句
用來說明主句中某一名詞或代詞(有時也可說明整個主句或主句中一部分)而起定語作用的句子叫作定語從句。
一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1.關(guān)系代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞
句子成分 用于限制從句或非限制性從句只用于限制性從句
代替人代替物代替人或物
主語 Who which that
主語 Whom which that
賓語 Whose(=ofwhom)whose(=ofwhich)
ThisisthedetectivewhocamefromLondon.
ThebookwhichIamreadingiswrittenbyTomasHardy.
Thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.
ThisistheroomthatShakespearewasbornin.
2.關(guān)系代詞的用法
(1)如果先行詞是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞,關(guān)系代詞一般只用that,不用which.例如:
Allthepeoplethatarepresentburstintotears.
(2)如果先等詞被形容詞最高級以及first,last,any,only,few,mush,no,some,very等詞修飾,關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which,who,或whom.例如:
(3)非限制性定語從句中,不能用關(guān)系代詞that,作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例如:
Thereareaboutsevenmillionpeopletakingpartinthe
election,mostofwhom、arewelleducated.
(4)which還有一種特殊用法,它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個主句,代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中,which可以作主語,也可以作賓語或表語,多數(shù)情況下意思是與andthis相似,并可以指人。例如:
Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.
(5)that可指人或物,在從句中作表語,(指人作主語時多用who)僅用于限制性定語從句中。
(6)which可作表語,既可指人,以可指物。指人時,一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有種特征。品性或才能的人。Which引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。
(7)如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體,關(guān)系代詞用which;若是指集體中的各個成員,則用who.
(8)先行詞有兩個,一個指人,一個指物,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用that.例如:
Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.
(9)如果先行詞是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用who或whom,不用which.例如:
Isthereanyoneherewhowillgowithyou?
3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”是一個普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)
(1)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句?!敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是
in,on,about,from,for,with,toat,of,without等,關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或
which,不可用that.
(2)fromwhere為“介詞+關(guān)系副詞”結(jié)構(gòu),但也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句。例如:
Westoodatthetopofthehill,fromwherewecanseethetown…
(3)像listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecare
of等固定短語動詞,在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如:
Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.
二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1.關(guān)系副詞也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句
關(guān)系副詞在從句中分別表示時間。地點(diǎn)或原因。關(guān)系副詞when在從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語,where充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語,why充當(dāng)原因狀語。
2.that可引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間。地點(diǎn)或原因
That有時可以代替關(guān)系副詞when,where或者why引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間。地點(diǎn)或原因,在that引導(dǎo)的這種定語從句中,that也可以省去。
三、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句
1.二者差異比較
限制定語從句緊跟先行詞,同先行詞這間一般不加逗號,僅修飾先行詞,可以由關(guān)系代詞。關(guān)系副詞或that來引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語從句僅作補(bǔ)充或說明,用逗號與主句隔開,既可修飾先行詞,又可修飾整個主句,不可用that引導(dǎo)。
2.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據(jù)
(1)弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語的應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞,作主語。賓語或表語的可選用關(guān)系代詞。
3.先行詞與定語從句隔離
定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后,但定語從句與先行詞之間有時也會插入別的成分,構(gòu)成先行詞與定語從句的隔離。例如:
1)ThisisthearticlewrittenbyhimthatIspoketoyouabout……
2)Hewastheonlypersoninthiscountrywhowasinvited
四、as在定語從句中的用法
1.引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句
(1)as多與such或thesame連用,可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。
(2)as也可單獨(dú)使用,引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,作用相當(dāng)于which.例如:
Theelephantsnoseislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.
(3)thesame---that與thesame---as在意思上是不同的。
2.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的位置
as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句位置較靈活,可以位于主句前面。中間或后面,一般用逗號與主句隔開,但which所引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。例如:
(1)Asisexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.
(2)Theearthrunsaroundthesun,asisknownbyeveryone.
3.as,which的比較
1).在非限制性定語從句中,均可替代整個主句或句中某個部分,在從句中作主語,賓語,表語.如從句在主句之后,兩者皆可用
Theyfailedintheexam,as/whichisnatural.
Sheseemsascientist,as/whichinfactsheis.
Grammarisnotasetofdeadrules,which/asIhavesaidbefore.
2).如從句在主句之前,用as
Asweallknow,hisparentswerekilledinthiswar.
Asisknowntoall,theearthtravelsaroundthesun.
3).如關(guān)系代詞代表主句全句意思,有“正如...”“就象...”之意時,用as
Wewonthematch,aswehadexpected.
Heagreedtotheplan,aswastobeexpected.
4).當(dāng)先行項(xiàng)被thesame,such,so修飾時,用as
Thisisthesamebookasyouboughtyesterday.同類書(比較:Thisisthe
samebookthatyouboughtyesterday.同一本書)
Don’tbelieveinsuchmenaspraiseyoutoyourface.
Inevergivemystudentssodifficultaquestionasnoonecanwork
out.
5).當(dāng)從句內(nèi)容對主句內(nèi)容起消極作用,則用which
Theyoungmancheatedhisfriendoutofmuchmoney,whichwasdisgraced.
6).as也可以用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,用來指待一件事,這時它的位置可以放在句首、句中和句尾。
HeisanAmerican,as/whichweknowfromhisaccent.
Asweknowfromhisaccent,heisanAmerican.
He,asweknowfromhisaccent,isanAmerican.
Ashasbeensaidabove,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.
Grammar,ashasbeensaidabove,isnotasetofrules.
Grammarisnotasetofdeadrules,as/whichhasbeensaidabove.
正如:Aseveryoneknows,asyoumaystillremember,asyousaid,asI
cansee,ashasbeenmentionedabove,asyoumayhaveheard,andetc.
高考英語第二輪定語從句備考復(fù)習(xí)教案
衛(wèi)輝一中高三二輪備考抓分點(diǎn)透析之英語
定語從句
定語從句也是高考英語的重要語法,是歷年考查的熱點(diǎn)。高考對定語從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在:1、關(guān)系代詞that和which的區(qū)別;2、關(guān)系代詞which和as的區(qū)別;3、介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句;4、定語從句與其他從句的區(qū)別。
定語從句是一種作定語用的從句,修飾主句中的一個名詞或代詞;定語從句所修飾的詞叫做先行詞。
⒈定語從句要跟在先行詞的后面。
⒉定語從句可分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩種。
⒊引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有兩種:
關(guān)系代詞:that,which,who,whom,whose,as等
關(guān)系副詞:when,where,why等
⒋關(guān)系詞的作用:引導(dǎo)定語從句;代替先行詞;在定語從句中作成分。
一、定語從句中關(guān)系詞的使用:
⒈如果修飾人,一般用關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose或that。在定語從句中作主語的一般用who或that,作賓語的一般用whom,who或that,作定語并具有物主性質(zhì)的用whose。(在定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可省略)關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
(2011四川卷)17.Theschoolshop,customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfewtheholidays.
A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where
(2011福建卷)24.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.
A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who
⒉如果修飾事物,用關(guān)系代詞which和that,作賓語時可省略。作介詞賓語時,如果介詞位于關(guān)系代詞之前,則用which(不能省),而不用that(關(guān)系代詞that既能代人,又能代物)。whose也可用來指物(此時可用ofwhich來代替),在定語從句中作定語。
(2011全國新課標(biāo)卷)31.Theprizewillgotothewriterstoryshowsthemostimagination.
A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what
(2011江西卷)34.Sheshowedhevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction______hastakenmorethanthreeyears.
A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich
3.when指時間,在定語從句中作時間狀語,有時也可用介詞+which來代替。
(2011天津卷)10.Thedaysaregone_____physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which
4.where指地點(diǎn),在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,有時也可用介詞+which來代替。
(2011陜西卷)11.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.
A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that
5.why指原因,在定語從句中作原因狀語,常可用for+which來代替。
Doyouknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhecamesolate?
判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞
方法一:用關(guān)系代詞,還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語,就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如:
ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.這是我去年呆過的山村。
IllneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記與你共事的日子。
判斷改錯:
?。ㄥe)ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.
?。ㄥe)IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.
?。▽Γ㏕hisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.
(對)Illneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.
習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞where,when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。
方法二:準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。
例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?
A.where B.that C.onwhich D.theone
例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.
A.where B.that C.onwhichD.theone
答案:例1D,例2A
例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.
例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.
在句1中,所缺部分為賓語,而where,that,onwhich都不能起到賓語的作用,只有theone既做了主句的表語,又可做從句的賓語,可以省略關(guān)系代詞,所以應(yīng)選D。
而句2中,主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn),既可用副詞where,又因inthemuseum詞組,可用介詞in+which引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中,介詞on用的不對,所以選A。
關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分,先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時,選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose);先行詞在從句中做狀語時,應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where地點(diǎn)狀語,when時間狀語,why原因狀語)。
二、限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句
限制性定語從句與主句的關(guān)系密切,對先行詞有修飾限制作用,如果去掉,主句的意義將不完整或失去意義;非限制性定語從句與主句的關(guān)系不太密切,只對先行詞有附加說明作用,如去掉,主句的意思仍完整;限制性定語從句和主句之間不用逗號分開,修飾的先行詞可是名詞,名詞詞組或代詞;而非限制性定語從句常用逗號和主句隔開,可修飾主句的某一個詞,也可以修飾整個句子。另外,在關(guān)系詞的使用上:限制性定語從句作賓語時可以省略,在非限制性定語從句中不可省略;限制性定語從句中可用that,而非限制性定語從句中不可使用that。
(2011浙江卷)8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.
A.whichB.whatC.themD.those
(2011湖南卷)25.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof____shespokefluently.
A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that
(2010重慶)28.Inchina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing________developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.
A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that
(10全國Ⅱ)16.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____wassomeoneelse’sfault.
A.whoB.thatC.asD.what
定語從句的常見考點(diǎn):
⒈oneof+the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 后面定語從句中謂語單復(fù)數(shù)情況:
跟定語從句所靠近的那個復(fù)數(shù)名詞在數(shù)上保持一致,通常用復(fù)數(shù)。但如果這一結(jié)構(gòu)前面有theonly之類的限定語,后面定語從句的謂語動詞則要用單數(shù)形式。
Thisisoneofthebooksthatarerequiredforstudyatschool.
HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowsFrenchinourschool.
⒉定語從句中用that而不用which的情況:
1)、先行詞是不定代詞時,如:everything,anything,any,something,little,much等。
Weshoulddoallthatisusefultothepeople.
2)、先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,much等詞修飾時。
Ihavereadallthebooksthatyougaveme. 。
3)、先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時。
ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveeverseen.
4)、先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。
ThisistheverybookthatIwanttofind.
5)、先行詞既有人又有物時。
Theyaretalkingaboutthefactory,theleadersandtheworkersthattheyvisitedyesterday.
6)、主句是以who或which開頭的疑問句時。
Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?
7)、關(guān)系代詞本身是定語從句的表語時。
Myhometownisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.
⒊定語從句中宜用which而不用that的情況:
1)、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時。
Isthistheroominwhichhelives?
2)、在非限制性定語從句中。
(2011浙江卷)8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.
A.whichB.whatC.themD.those
3)、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞后面有插入語時。
HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asIhadtoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.
在一個句子中有兩個定語從句,其中一個定語從句的關(guān)系詞用了that,另一個宜用which。
LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopenedtous.
給你看看我從新開放的圖書館借來的一本小說。
⒋關(guān)系代詞as和which的選用:
在形式上as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可位于主句的后面,也可位于主句的前面,而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可位于主句的后面,不能位于主句的前面;在意義上,as定語從句和主句的關(guān)系一般為一致關(guān)系,常譯為“正如…,就象…”,而which定語從句和主句的關(guān)系是因果關(guān)系,或which從句是對主句的評論。
Theroomhasn’tbeencleanedforweeks,whichmakesitverydirty.
Hewaslateagain,aswehadexpected.他又遲到了,正如我們所料。
另外,在such…as…,thesame…as…,as…as,so…as等結(jié)構(gòu)中,as引導(dǎo)定語從句,此時不能用which代替。(這種定語從句常采用省略形式)
Ihaveneverseensuchalazymanasyou.我從來沒見過你這樣懶的人。
Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift. 這個大石塊太大沒人能把它舉起來。
⒌先行詞為situation、case、occasion、point時,常用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。
Canyoupointoutasituationwherethiswordcanbeused? 你能指出這個單詞使用的場合嗎
Youhavegottothepointwhereachangeisneeded. 你已經(jīng)發(fā)展到非改不可的地步了。
⒍關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,謂語動詞要和先行詞的性、數(shù)保持一致。
(2011山東卷)32.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.
A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that
⒎定語從句中不要重復(fù)了關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞所替代的部分。
誤:ThisistheplacethatIhavevisitedit.
這就是我參觀過的那個地方。
應(yīng)去掉it,因that代替先行詞theplace在定語從句中作visit的賓語,再加it就是多余的了。
⒏定語從句中不要加多余的關(guān)系副詞或介詞。
誤:Thehousewherehelivesinneedsrepairing.
應(yīng)刪去關(guān)系副詞where,因?yàn)閣here在這里的意思是inwhich,否則介詞in就重復(fù)了?;虮A魒here,刪去從句里的in.
由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1.由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句主要用于正式文體,在非正式文體中通常將介詞放至句末。如:ThisisthemantowhomIreferred.我指的就是這個人。Thisistheman(whom)Ireferredto.我指的就是這個人。
2.直接用于介詞后作賓語的關(guān)系代詞which不能換成that,直接用于介詞后作賓語的關(guān)系代詞whom不能換成who。但若介詞用于句末,則用作賓語的which,whom也可換成that,who,或者省略不同。如:這是一個我們討論了許多的問題。(which不能換成that,也不能省略)Thisisasubjectwhichwehavetalkedaboutalot.這是一個我們討論了許多的問題。(which可以換成that,也可以省略)
3.關(guān)系副詞when,where,why根據(jù)情況有時可換成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞which”。如:Thatisthedaywhen[=onwhich]hewasborn.那就是他出生的日子。Thatisthehousewhere[=inwhich]helived.那就是他住過的房子。Thatisthereasonwhy[=forwhich]hemustapologize.那就是他必須道歉的原因。4.在很正式的文體中,“介詞
4.+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句可緊縮成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:在那兒孩子們有個玩耍的花園。正:Therethechildrenhadagardeninwhichtoplay.(很正式)正:Therethechildrenhadagardeninwhichtheycouldplay.(較正式)正:Therethechildrenhadagardentoplayin.(較口語化)注:這類“介詞+關(guān)系代詞++不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞不能沒有,也不能放在句末。如不能說Therethechildrenhadagardenwhichtoplayin.
定語從句關(guān)系詞省略的6種情形
定語從句中關(guān)系詞省略的6種情形關(guān)系詞有時可以省略,但這只限于限制性定語從句中,在非限制性定語從句中,關(guān)系詞則不可省略。
一、關(guān)系代詞作賓語時的省略當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞who,whom,which和that在定語從句中用作動詞賓語或介詞位于句末時的介詞賓語時,可以省略。如:在定語從句中用作動詞賓語或介詞位于句末時的介詞賓語時,可以省略。如:Isthereanything(which)youwanted?想要什么東西嗎?Whoistheman(that/who/whom)youweretalkingto?剛才和你講話的人是誰?
二、關(guān)系代詞作表語時的省略當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中用作表語時,可以省略。如:Chinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.中國已不是過去的中國了。(that作表語)
三、關(guān)系代詞作賓補(bǔ)時的省略當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中用作賓語補(bǔ)足時,可以省略。如:I’mnotthemadman(that)youthoughtme.我并不是你所認(rèn)為的那個瘋子。(that作賓語補(bǔ)語)
四、關(guān)系副詞when的省略用作時間狀語的關(guān)系副詞when通常不能省略,但有一種特殊情況,即用于day,year,time等少數(shù)幾個詞后時可以省略(也可換成that)也可換成。如:Thatwastheyear(that)Ifirstwentabroad.就是那一年我第一次出國了。I’llneverforgettheday(that)wemet.我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了我們見面的那一天。
五、關(guān)系副詞where的省略用作地點(diǎn)狀語的關(guān)系副詞where通常不能省略,但有一種特殊情況,即用于place,somewhere,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere少數(shù)幾個詞后時可以省略(也可換成that)。如:Thisistheplace(where)theymetyesterday.這就是他們昨天碰頭的地方。Haveyousomewhere(that)Icanliedownforanhour?你有沒有一個什么地方可以讓我躺一個小時?
六、關(guān)系副詞why的省略關(guān)系副詞why通常只用于thereason后引導(dǎo)定語從句,且通??蓳Q成that或forwhich,均可省略。如:That’sthereason(why,forwhich,that)hecame.
這就是他來的原因。
Givemeonereason(why)weshouldhelpyou.給我舉出一個我們應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助你的理由。absent,nothingcouldn’tbedone.由于他缺席,什么事也干不成。
定語從句的考查
一、疑問句中考查定語從句
1.Isthisthefarm________youvisitedlastweek?
A.whereB.theone C.onwhichD./
答案是D。命題人經(jīng)常利用疑問句的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)來干擾學(xué)生的正確選擇。遇到這類定語從句時,最好的辦法是先把疑問句還原成陳述句,然后判斷誰是先行詞,再看關(guān)系詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?,最后確定正確答案。
二、倒裝句中考查定語從句
2.Wecametoaplace,________stoodabigtower.
A.whichB.thatC./D.where
正確答案是D。為了保持句子平衡,句子用了倒裝語序。倒裝的使用使定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)變得較為特殊,因此對于使用倒裝語序的定語從句,應(yīng)先把倒裝語序還原成正常語序,這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)就比較清晰了。
三、拆分詞組和固定搭配
3.Thesecondisconnectedwiththeuse________thebodymakesoffood.
A.ofwhichB.whereC.todoD.that
4.Whycan’tyourealizethepart________theyhaveplayedinourlife?
A.whichB.onwhichC.whenD.where
正確答案分別是D和A。一些詞組和搭配被拆開后,句子的含義就變得難以理解。首先把拆開的詞組復(fù)原是理解此類定語從句的關(guān)鍵。上述句子中包含以下詞組:makeuseof,playapart(in)。
四、添加插入語或狀語
5.Thescientisthasmadeanotherdiscovery,_______Ibelieveisofgreatimportance.
A.thatB./C.whichD.why
應(yīng)選擇C。這類句子主要利用插入語或狀語的添加來增加試題的難度。常見的插入語有:Ithink(suppose,expect,believe,imagine),inmyopinion,totellyouthetruth等。做這類題目時,最佳的辦法是先刪去插入語或狀語,這樣句子的主干部分就一目了然了。
五、插入非謂語動詞
6.Isthistheman________youwanttohave________
theradioforme?
A.who;repairedB.that;repaired
C.whom;repairing D.that;repair
D項(xiàng)正確。非謂語動詞是英語中難度較大的語法項(xiàng)目之一,因而在定語從句中加入非謂語動詞就成了學(xué)生最易失分的題目。對付這類題目最有效的辦法就是將句子還原。如:我們可以把幾個句子中的定語從句進(jìn)行還原,還原后的句子應(yīng)是:Youwanttohavethemanrepairtheradioforme.
典型高考英語陷阱題詳解
1.Thefactorywasbuiltinasecretplace,around______highmountains.
A.whichwasB.itwasC.whichwereD.themwere
容易誤選A或B,將A、B中的which和it誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語。
最佳答案是C,aroundwhichwerehighmountains是一個由"介詞+which"引出的非限制性定語從句,而在該從句中,主語是highmountains,aroundwhich是表語,所以句子謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were,而不是用單數(shù)was.請做以下類例題目(答案均為C):
(1)Yesterdaywevisitedamodernhospital,around_______somefruitshops.
A.whichisB.itisC.whichareD.themare
(2)Themurderhappenedinanoldbuilding,beside______thecitypolicestation.
A.whichareB.itisC.whichisD.themare
(3)Nextmonthwellmovetoanewbuilding,nextto_______anicerestaurantwherewecanhaveChinesefood.
A.whichareB.itisC.whichisD.themare
2.Amanwithableedinghandhurriedinandasked,"Isthereahospitalaround______Icangetsomemedicineformywoundedhand?"
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what
容易誤選B,認(rèn)為around是介詞,選which用以代替前面的名詞hospital,在此用作介詞around的賓語。
最佳答案為C。以上語法分析并不算錯,但問題是,照此分析,此句的意思即為:有沒有這樣一個醫(yī)院,我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷?這樣的語境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理,因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔJ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷,而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選C的理由是:句中的around不是介詞,而是副詞,意為"在附近";其后的where引導(dǎo)定語從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞hospital,句意為:附近有沒有一家醫(yī)院,我可以去治我的手傷?
3._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.
A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What
容易誤選A,認(rèn)為此處應(yīng)填一個形式主語。
最佳答案是B。as引導(dǎo)的是一個非限制性定語從句。比較下面一題:
_______isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.
A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What
此題答案選A,it為形式主語,真正的主語是后面的that從句。
再比較下面一組題,其中第(1)題選B,第(2)題選D:
(1)______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.
A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It
(2)______ismentionedabovethatthenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.
A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It
4.Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslike.
A.thatB.whoC.asD.whom
此題容易誤選A,許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such,再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的that,便認(rèn)為這是考查such...that...句式。況且,這樣理解意思也還通順。
最佳答案為C,不是A,因?yàn)樵趕uch...that...(如此......以至......)結(jié)構(gòu)中,that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句,并且that在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分,若在上句填入such...that...,句末的動詞like缺賓語。選C的理由如下:as用作關(guān)系代詞,用以引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾其前的名詞boy,同時as在定語從句中用作動詞like的賓語,句意為"所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩"。有的同學(xué)可能還會問,假若選A,能否將其后的that視為引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞呢?不能,因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞受到such的修飾時,其后的定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞as來引導(dǎo),而不用that.比較下面一題,答案為A,因?yàn)閘ike后有自己的賓語him:
Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslikehim.
A.thatB.whoC.asD.whom
請?jiān)僮鲆韵略囶}(答案選D):
Itwasnotsuchagooddinner_______shehadpromisedus.
A.likeB.thatC.whichD.as
5.Thebuses,mostof_______werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.
A.thatB.itC.themD.which
容易誤選C,用them代指thebuses.
最佳答案是D。mostofwhichwerealreadyfull為非限制性定語從句,修飾thebuses.類似地,以下各題也選D:
(1)Hishouse,for_______hepaid,000,isnowworth,000.
A.thatB.itC.themD.which
(2)Ashdownforest,through_______wellbedriving,isntaforestanylonger.
A.thatB.itC.themD.which
(3)ThisIdidatnineoclock,after_______Isatreadingthepaper.
A.thatB.itC.themD.which
類似地,以下各題選whom,不選them:
(4)George,with_______IplayedtennisonSundays,wasawarm-heartedperson.
A.thatB.himC.themD.whom
(5)Hersons,bothof______workabroad,willcomebackhomethissummer.
A.thatB.whoC.themD.whom
(6)Imetthefruit-pickers,severalof_______werestilluniversitystudents.
A.thatB.whoC.themD.whom
6.Hehadthousandsofstudents,manyof______gainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield.
A.whomB.themC.whichD.who
容易誤選B,用them代指students.
最佳答案是A,manyofwhomgainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield為非限制性定語從句。假若在manyof...的前面加上連詞and,則選答案B。比較以下各題(答案均選A):
(1)Heaskedalotofquestions,noneof______waseasytoanswer.
A.whichB.themC.whatD.that
(2)Heaskedalotofquestions,andnoneof______waseasytoanswer.
A.themB.whichC.whatD.that
(3)Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,neitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.
A.whomB.themC.whichD.who
(4)Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,andneitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.
A.themB.whomC.whichD.who
7.Hehadalotoffriends,onlyafewof______invitedtohiswedding.
A.whomB.themC.whichD.who
容易誤選A,認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句。
最佳答案是B,這不是非限制性定語從句,而是一個獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭釉~invited并不是一個完整的謂語,而是一個過去分詞。當(dāng)然,假若在invited前加上助動詞were,則是一個非限制性定語從句,答案便應(yīng)選A.比較:
(1)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______carriedoutintheirwork.
A.whichB.themC.whatD.that
答案選B,noneofthemcarriedoutintheirwork是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),其中的carriedout為過去分詞。
(2)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.
A.whichB.themC.whatD.that
答案選A,noneofthemwerecarriedoutintheirwork是非限制性定語從句,注意與上例比較句中多了一個助動詞were.
(3)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,butnoneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.
A.whichB.themC.whatD.that
答案選B,由于兩句之間增加了一個并列連詞but,使得該句成了一個并列句。
8.OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsseatedtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
容易誤選B,認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句。
最佳答案是A.與上面一題相似,theirparentsseatedtogetherjoking不是非限制性定語從句,而是一個獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭釉~seated不是謂語,而是一個過去分詞,因?yàn)閟eat作動詞用時,是及物動詞。比較以下相似題:
(1)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
選B.whoseparentswereseatedtogetherjoking為非限制性定語從句,因?yàn)槠浜笥型暾闹^語wereseated.
(2)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,and_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
選A.因?yàn)榫渲杏胁⒘羞B詞and,整個句子為并列句。
(3)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssittingtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
選A.theirparentssittingtogetherjoking為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
(4)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssattogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
選B.whoseparentssattogetherjoking為非限制性定語從句,因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語sat.
(5)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsweresittingtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
選B.whoseparentsweresittingtogetherjoking為非限制性定語從句,因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語weresitting.
9.Ifthemanisonlyinterestedinyourlooks,_____justshowshowshallowheis.
A.asB.whichC.whatD.that
容易誤選A或B,誤這是非限制性定語從句。
正確答案為D,注意逗號前是一個條件狀語從句,逗號后是該狀語從句的主句,that在此代表前文所述的情況,用作主句的主語。類似地,下面幾道題也選that,而不選which:
(1)Ifyoupromisetogowithus,_____willbeOK.
A.asB.whichC.anditD.that
(2)Ifyouwantadoubleroom,_____willcostanother£15.
A.asB.whichC.whatD.that
(3)Whetheryougoornot,_______isquiteallrightwithme.
A.thatB.whichC.anditD.so
(4)WhenIsaytwohours,_____includestimeforeating.
A.asB.whichC.whatD.that
10.Shesaysthatshellneverforgetthetime________shesspentworkingasasecretaryinourcompany.
A.whichB.whenC.howD.where
容易誤選B,機(jī)械地認(rèn)為時間名詞后必須用關(guān)系副詞when,地點(diǎn)名詞后用關(guān)系副詞where.
正確答案為A.在時間名詞和地點(diǎn)名詞后是否用關(guān)系副詞要看它在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么句子成分。一般說來,若用作主語或賓語,用關(guān)系代詞;若用作狀語,則用關(guān)系副詞。上面一題中的動詞spent缺賓語,故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which或that.比較下面一題,由于空格后的句子不缺少主語或賓語,所以選關(guān)系副詞when:
Shesaysthatshellneverforgetthetime________sheworksasasecretaryinourcompany.
A.whichB.whenC.howD.where
請?jiān)僮鲆唤M試題(答案均選A):
(1)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weboughtlastmonth.
A.whichB.whenC.howD.where
選A,which在定語從句中用作動詞bought的賓語。
(2)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______hasjustbeencomplete.
A.whichB.whenC.howD.where
選A,which在定語從句中用作主語。
(3)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weworkedtwoyearsago.
A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which
選A,where在定語從句中用作狀語。
(2011江蘇卷)24.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,_____theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.
A.WhenB.WhereC.thatD.which
答案考查定語從句。非限定性定語從句____theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.中不缺少成分,先行詞aninterval表時間,所以選擇A。
(2011浙江卷)8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.
A.whichB.whatC.themD.those
答案考查定語從句。非限定性定語從句eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.中介詞of后缺少賓語。所以選擇A。
(2010重慶)28.Inchina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing________developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.
A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that
答案考查定語從句。development與先行詞cities之間是所屬關(guān)系,所以選whose。句意是:在中國,城市的數(shù)量在增加,城市的發(fā)展被全世界意識到。所以選擇C。
(10福建)24.StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehasdevelopedgradually.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose24.答案:B
考點(diǎn):定語從句
解析:先行詞為planet,表示地點(diǎn),故用where。
(10湖南)28.IvebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.
A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which
28.答案:A
考點(diǎn):考查定語從句。
解析:該空引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾表示人的先行詞thestudents,且在從句中作met的賓語,故選關(guān)系代詞who,即A項(xiàng)。
(10江西)31Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister______shewouldstayforanhour.
AwhereBwhoCwhichDwhat
答案:A
考點(diǎn):考察定語從句。
解析:先行詞為centre,shewouldstayforanhour不缺賓語或主語,故要填狀語,表地點(diǎn)用where。
(10山東)24.That’sthenewmachine______partsaretoosmalltobeseen.
A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.What
答案:C
考點(diǎn):本題考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。
解析:句意應(yīng)為“那就是那臺零部件小得幾乎看不見的新機(jī)器。”空格處引導(dǎo)定語從句并且在從句中作定語使用,所以使用whose。
38.Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywemayreturninthenearfuture.
A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich
答案:C
考點(diǎn):此處考查的是介詞加疑問詞引導(dǎo)從句
解析:考察介詞+which的用法。=Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywhichthat
wemayreturntointhenearfuture.
(10天津)8.CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?
Youshouldtrythebarber’sIgo.It’sonly15.
A.asB.whichC.whereD.that
答案:C.
考點(diǎn):考查定語從句。
句意:—你能相信我理一次發(fā)得花20美元嗎?—你應(yīng)該到我去的那家理發(fā)店試試,只需要15美元。
解析:句中thebarber’s是先行詞,從句中g(shù)o是不及物動詞,所選關(guān)系代詞在從句中作狀語,所以要用where。
(10四川)10.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,turnedouttobeawisedecision.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
答案:B
考點(diǎn):考查定語從句。
解析:此處應(yīng)為which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,which代替前邊整個句子。句意為:“大學(xué)畢業(yè)后,我們休假一段時間去旅游,這結(jié)果證明是一個明智的決定?!?br> (10全國Ⅰ)24.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,_____isnamedafterhisgrandfather.
A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that
24題答案:A
句意:還是孩子的時候,Jack在以他祖父命名的鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。
解答:根據(jù)選項(xiàng)此題考察從句,空格設(shè)置在名詞school后,且school后有逗號,此題考察非限定性定語從句。定語從句所修飾的先行詞是school,它在定于從句中做主語,因此使用關(guān)系代詞,選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系代詞只有which和that,由于是非限定性定語從句,不能使用that,因此選擇A。
(10江蘇)32.Thenewlybuiltcafé,thewallsof_______arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.
A.thatB.itC.whatD.which
選D定語從句表示咖啡屋的墻
(陜西)11.Theoldtemple_______roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.
A.whereB.whichC.itsD.Whose
11.答案:D.
考點(diǎn):考查定語從句。
解析:所填詞引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞是theoldtemple,關(guān)系詞在從句中做roof的定語,用關(guān)系代詞whose,選D。其余選項(xiàng)與題意不符。
(10全國Ⅱ)16.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse’sfault.
A.whoB.thatC.asD.what
答案:B
考點(diǎn):定語從句。
解析:不定代詞something作主語,用that引導(dǎo)。
(10湖北)77.Mymotherwassoproudofall________(我所做的)thatsherewardedmewithatriptoBeijing.(do)
77.答案:thatIhaddone
考點(diǎn):定語從句
解析:先行詞是“all”的時候,定語從句只能由“that”引導(dǎo),又因?yàn)橹骶涫且话氵^去時,“我”所做的事情是過去已經(jīng)完成的事情,所以要用過去完成時。
80.________(正如我們強(qiáng)調(diào)的那樣)manytimes,“servethepeople”isourfirstpolicy.(stress)
80.答案:Aswehavestressed
考點(diǎn):非限定性定語從句
解析:當(dāng)句子以整個主句作為先行詞,又放在主句前的非限定性定語從句只能由“as”來引導(dǎo),主句的內(nèi)容作定語從句謂語動詞的賓語
(北京)27.Childrenwhoarenotactiveordietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.
A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that
27.答案:B
考點(diǎn):本題考查定語從句關(guān)系副詞的選擇。
解析:不愛運(yùn)動或者飲食熱量偏高的孩子們會很快發(fā)胖。較簡單。本定語從句不缺成分,為主系表結(jié)構(gòu),因此只能在考慮填關(guān)系副詞。A中的What不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。選B.whose誰的,符合題意。
(重慶)28.Inchina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing________developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.
A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that
28.答案C
考點(diǎn):考查定語從句。
解析:development與先行詞cities之間是所屬關(guān)系,所以選whose。句意是:在中國,城市的數(shù)量在增加,城市的發(fā)展被全世界意識到。
(10浙江)3.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyoflefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.
A.whomB.whichC.themD.those
答案:A
考點(diǎn):本題考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞。
解析:由many之后的逗號和選項(xiàng)特征,此處是主從句關(guān)系,排除C、D項(xiàng)。由于先行詞是“1,000people”,表示人,故用whom。句意為:這里居住著將近1000人,他們中的許多人都背井離鄉(xiāng)去城市追求更好的生活。
真題練習(xí)
(09安徽)1.AgoodfriendofminefromIwasbornshowedupatmyhomerightbeforeIleftforBeijing.
A.howB.whom
C.whenD.which
C
(09安徽)2.Manychildren,parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.
A.theirB.whose
C.ofthemD.withwhom
B
(09北京)3.—Whatdoyouthinkofteacher,Bob?
—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob___youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
B
(09福建)4.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheycanseethemselvesdifferently.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
D考查定語從句。先行詞是situation,指物,亦可指地點(diǎn),關(guān)系詞在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語,用關(guān)系副詞where,選D。
(09湖南)5.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acitynamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.
A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose
D考查定語從句。先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)定語,意思為這個城市的名字。
(09江西)6.ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.
A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich
B考查定語從句。Thehouse(which/thatIgrewupin),主語后面緊跟的是定語從句。
(09海南)7.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.
A.themB.who
C.whomD.these
C??疾槎ㄕZ從句中的非限制性定語從句。句意為:她帶著她的三個朋友,他們?nèi)齻€中沒有一個人我曾見過。表示“部分的詞語+of+關(guān)系代詞”在非限制性定語從句指人只能用whom。
(09山東)8.WheneverImether,_________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.
A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that
B非限制性定語從句,指代前面一個句子,故用which.
(09陜西)9.GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.
A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich
C考查定語從句,先行詞是Guncontrol,指物,關(guān)系詞在從句中做介詞的賓語,介詞前置,介詞與從句動詞構(gòu)成搭配argueaboutsth,選C。
(09四川)10.She’llneverforgetherstaythere________shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
D考查定語從句的用法。herstay為先行詞,可以理解為抽象的一段時間(她呆在那里期間),when指代herstay在定語從句中做時間狀語。
(09天津)11.Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever
C
(09天津)12ItraveltotheBinhaiNewAreabylightrailwayeveryday,_____domanybusinessmenwholiveindowntownTianjin.
A.asB.whichC.whenD.though
A
(09浙江)13.Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
B
(09重慶)14.Lifeislikealongrace_____wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.
A.whyB.what
C.thatD.where
D
(09全國2)15.Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,wasverykindofhim.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
A考查非限制性定語從句(這兒的which指代前面整句話內(nèi)容。
(2011全國卷I)31.Theprizewillgotothewriter________storyshowsthemostimagination.
A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what
(2011全國卷II)7.TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,____isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.
A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which
(2011北京卷)26.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_________,ofcourse,makealltheothersupset.
A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that
(2011上海卷)39.You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation____youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.a(chǎn)s
(2011山東卷)32.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.
A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that
(2011江西卷)34.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_____hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.
A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich
(2011江蘇卷)24.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,_______theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.
A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which
(2011安徽卷)28.Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,_____itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.
A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while
(2011浙江卷)8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.
A.whichB.whatC.themD.those
(2011浙江卷)10.Abankistheplace______theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there
(2011福建卷)24.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.
A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who
(2011四川卷)17.Theschoolshop,________customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfewtheholidays.
A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where
(2011天津卷)10.Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which
(2011陜西卷)11.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,__________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.
A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that
(2011湖南卷)25.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_________shespokefluently.
A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that
1.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthingsof__________youarenotsure.
A.whichB.what
C.asD.those
2.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday?
A.thatB.where
C.inwhichD.theone
3.Isthisfactory__________someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?
A.thatB.where
C.whichD.theone
4.Isthisthefactory__________heworkedtenyearsago?
A.thatB.where
C.whichD.theone
5.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces__________couldn’tbefound.
A.thatB.where
C.inwhichD.inthat
6.Thefreezingpointisthetemperature__________waterchangesinto
ice.
A.atwhichB.onthat
C.inwhichD.ofwhat
7.Thisbookwillshowyou__________canbeusedinothercontexts..
A.howyouhaveobservedB.whatyouhaveobserved
C.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobserved
8.Thereasonis__________heisunabletooperatethemachine.
A.becauseB.why
C.thatD.whether
9.I’lltellyou__________hetoldmelastweek.
A.allwhichB.that
C.allthatD.which
10.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.
A.whoseB.ofwhich
C.inwhichD.onwhich
11.Ihaveboughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.
A.asB.that
C.whichD.what
12.Hefailedintheexamination,__________madehisfatherveryangry.
A.whichB.it
C.thatD.what
13.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist__________wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.
A.whichB.whom
C.whoD.that
14.Thegirl__________anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom’ssister.
A.whoissingingB.issinging
C.sangD.wassinging
15.Those__________notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.
A.learnB.who
C.thatlearnsD.wholearn
16.Anyone__________thisopinionmayspeakout.
A.thatagainstB.thatagainst
C.whoisagainstD.whoareagainst
17.Didn’tyouseetheman__________?
A.InoddedjustnowB.whomInoddedjustnow
C.InoddedtohimjustnowD.Inoddedtojustnow
18.Canyoulendmethenovel__________theotherday?
A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutit
C.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout
19.Isthereanything__________toyou?
A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongs
C.thatbelongD.whichbelongs
20.----“Howdoyoulikethebook?”
----“It’squitedifferentfrom__________Ireadlastmonth.”
A.thatB.which
C.theoneD.theonewhat
21.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept__________whohadalreadytakenthem.
A.theonesB.ones
C.someD.theothers
22.Thetrain__________shewastravellingwaslate.
A.whichB.where
C.onwhichD.inthat
23.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer__________thepapersarekept.
A.whereB.inwhich
C.underwhichD.which
24.Antarctic__________weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.
A.whichB.where
C.thatD.aboutwhich
25.It’sthethirdtime__________latethismonth.
A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrived
C.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrived
26.Itwasin1969__________theAmericanastronautsucceededin
landingonthemoon.
A.thatB.which
C.whenD.inwhich
27.Maythefourthistheday__________weChinesepeoplewillnever
forget.
A.whichB.when
C.onwhichD.aboutwhich
28.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,__________livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.
A.whichB.that
C.whoD.where
29.Thehotel__________duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.
A.westayedatB.wherewestayedat
C.westayedD.inthatwestayed
30.Isitinthatfactory__________“RedFlag”carsareproduced?
A.inwhichB.where
C.whichD.that
31.ItistheSuezCanal__________separatesAsia__________Africa.
A.which,toB.where,from
C.that,fromD.that,with
32.Underthebridge,however,almostdirectlybelow,__________wasasmallcanoe,withaboyinit.
A.thereB.where
C.itD.which
33.Heisnot__________afool__________.
A.such,asheislookedB.such,ashelooks
C.as,asheislookedD.so,ashelooks
34.Isthatthereason__________youareinfavouroftheproposal?
A.whichB.what
C.whyD.forthat
35.HemustbefromAfrica,__________canbeseenfromhisskin.
A.thatB.as
C.whoD.what
36.Hehastwosons,__________workaschemists.
A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhom
C.bothofwhichD.allofwhom
37.I,__________yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.
A.whoisB.whoam
C.thatisD.whatis
38.Heisamanofgreatexperience,__________muchcanbelearned.
A.whoB.that
C.fromwhichD.fromwhom
39.----Doyouknowthetownatall?
----No,thisisthefirsttimeI__________here.
A.wasB.havebeen
C.cameD.amcoming
40.Idon’tlike__________youspeaktoher.
A.thewayB.thewayinthat
C.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
41.Thetwothings__________theyfeltveryproudareJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.
A.aboutwhichB.ofwhich
C.inwhichD.forwhich
42.Thedinnerwasthemostexpensivemealwe__________.
A.wouldhaveB.havehad
C.hadneverhadD.hadeverhad
43.Doyouknowwhichhotel__________?
A.sheisstayingB.sheisstayingin
C.isshestayingD.isshestayingin
44.Thereisonlyonething__________Icando.
A.whatB.that
C.allD.which
45.Whocanthinkofasituation__________thisidiomcanbeused?
A.whichB.that
C.whereD.inthat
46.Ihavemanybooks,someof__________areonchemistry.
A.themB.that
C.whichD.those
47.Theywereinterested__________youtoldthem.
A.inwhichB.inthat
C.allthatD.ineverything
48.Theastronautdidmanyexperimentsinthespaceship,__________muchhelpforknowingspace.
A.whichwethinkitisB.whichwethinkareof
C.ofwhichwethinkisD.Ithinkwhichisof
49.Thegreatdaywelookedforwardto__________atlast.
A.comeB.came
C.comingD.comes
50.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch__________washeldlastweek.
A.whichB.who
C.thatD./
參考答案:
1—5AADBA6—10ABCCA11—15AADAD
16—20CDDBC21—25ACBDC26—30AADAD
31—35CABCB36—40BBDBA41—45BDBBC
46—50CDBBC
高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語學(xué)案專題九名詞性從句
俗話說,居安思危,思則有備,有備無患。教師在教學(xué)前就要準(zhǔn)備好教案,做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。教案可以讓學(xué)生們能夠更好的找到學(xué)習(xí)的樂趣,減輕教師們在教學(xué)時的教學(xué)壓力。教案的內(nèi)容具體要怎樣寫呢?為此,小編從網(wǎng)絡(luò)上為大家精心整理了《高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語學(xué)案專題九名詞性從句》,僅供您在工作和學(xué)習(xí)中參考。
2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語學(xué)案專題九名詞性從句1.(2007山東,22)CouldIspeakto____isinchargeofInternationalSales,please?
A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.nomatterwho
C.“isinchargeofInternationalSales”表語從句,缺少引導(dǎo)詞和主語。其中A.B.選項(xiàng)后面需加定語從句引導(dǎo)詞who;而nomatterwho不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句。
2.(2008重慶,25)PeopleinChongqingareproudof__theyhaveachievedinthepasttenyears.
A.thatB.whichCwhatD.how
C“theyhaveachievedinthepasttenyears”做介詞of的賓語,賓語從句中缺少haveachieved的賓語。
3.(2008山東,23)____wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.
A.ItBThisC.WhatD.As
C.句子的主干為“____wasmostimportanttoherwasherfamily”很明顯此句的主語是個從句,主語從句中缺主語。
4.(09山東)Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain_________shewasandwaittorhermother.
A.whereB.whatC.howD.who
Aremain是系動詞,后加表語從句,由句意可知,從句缺地點(diǎn)狀語,所以選A。
5.(09湖南)Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodoittakestosaveherlife.
A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever
C名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為:她對我們來說是非常寶貴,我們已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好做一切來拯救她的生命。
6.(09江西)Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists______theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though
C間隔式同位語從句的用法。即先行詞是thefact和that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句中間隔了謂語部分。
7.(09海南)CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?
A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever
Cwhoever既作了to的賓語,又作isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?的主語?!皐hoever”作代詞,/anypersonwho/thepersonwho/“任何人”、“無論誰”、“……的人”。
8.(09陜西)Thehowtobookcanbeofhelptowantstodothejob.
A.whoB.whomeverC.nomatterwhoD.whoever
D此處從做介詞to的賓語,是名詞性從句,引導(dǎo)詞做從句的主語,指人,意思是:無論是誰,選D。
9.(09海南)Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwasofpublichealth
A.whatB.thisC.thatD.which
C句意為:他們必須考慮其中最重要的問題是公共衛(wèi)生??疾閠hat作代詞,that作代詞,往往用于特指,相當(dāng)于“that+名詞”,它也只能代替事情不能代替人。
10.(09上海)Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksof_______hecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.how
D考查賓語從句用法。句意“作為一個新的外交家,他常常想到在這樣的場合下,他如何才能作出更恰當(dāng)?shù)姆磻?yīng)”??芍xD符合。
11.(09四川)8.Newscamefromtheschooloffice________WangLinhadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.
A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
C在該題中that引導(dǎo)了一個同位語從句來解釋說明news的內(nèi)容,由于該題把同位語從句后置了,所以很多考生由于不能正確分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)而錯誤選擇了D項(xiàng)。
要求學(xué)生在做題中要注意如下幾點(diǎn):1.分析結(jié)構(gòu),辨析名詞性從句和狀語從句;2.理解句意,正確區(qū)別引導(dǎo)詞;3.按照句意,出現(xiàn)那個引導(dǎo)詞意思,便選擇那個引導(dǎo)詞。
1.Thereisacommonbeliefamongthem___rubbishcanandshouldbeputtogooduse.
A.whichB.ifC.whoseD.that
2.__hasbeenmentionedabove,continuedchairmanafterhetookasipofcoffee,____theprojectmustbecarriedoutbeforespringfloodcomes.
A.As;thatB.That;whichC.This;whichD.It;that
3.DavidBeckhamhas___ittaketobecomeaprofessionalfootballplayer.
A.whoB.whatC.whichD.that
4.Nobodywouldstandoutadmittingthefact,forsomereason,theylostthegame.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.why
5.---Thepatientlooksmuchbetter.isitthathasmadehimheistoday?
---Perhapsthespecialmedicineandhisfamily’spatientcare.
A.What;thatB.That;thatC.What;whatD.What;which
6.Afterthreehours’climbing,theyreachedtheythoughtwastheplacethey’dbeendreamingof.
A.whatB.whichC.whereD.that
7.Aplanhasbeenputforward__moregraduatesshouldgotoworkinthecountry
A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.how
8.Itisprettywellunderstood__________controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.
A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how
9.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars____________roadconditionsneed____________.
A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimproved
C.where;improvingD.when;improving
10.______madetheschoolproudwas______morethat90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.
A.What…becauseB.What…thatC.That…whatD.That…because
11.—Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?
—Oh,that’s____________.
A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedabout
C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited
12.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis________Idisagree.
A.whyB.whereC.whatD.How
13.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand________theyinsistongoingbymotor-bike.
A.whyB.whetherC.whenD.how
參考答案和解析:
1.D“___rubbishcanandshouldbeputtogooduse.”是acommonbelief的同位語從句,從句中意思完整,結(jié)構(gòu)完整。
2.A“__hasbeenmentionedabove”是定語從句,而“____theprojectmustbecarriedoutbeforespringfloodcomes.”是動詞continued的賓語從句,賓語從句中句意和結(jié)構(gòu)都完整,故選that,結(jié)合第一個空,得答案A.
3.B“_______ittakestobeaprofessionalfootballer”做has的賓語,賓語從句中缺少takes的賓語。句意“貝克擁有成為一名職業(yè)足球運(yùn)動員所需要的品質(zhì)”
4.A“_______theylostthegame.”在句子中做thefact的同位語從句,從句意思結(jié)構(gòu)完整,結(jié)構(gòu)完整。
5.C先將句子結(jié)構(gòu)理清楚,itis___thathasmadehim___heistoday就可以判斷,第一個空是考察強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問形式;第二個空則是表語從句,表語從句中缺少heis的表語。句意:病人好多了,是什么使得他成為現(xiàn)在這個樣子。
6.A考生誤以為是地點(diǎn)狀語從句,誤選C.where。而reached是及物動詞,后邊接的是賓語從句,賓語從句除去插入語theythought,應(yīng)該缺主語。
7.B考察同位語從句,表達(dá)Aplan的具體內(nèi)容,hasbeenputforward將名詞與從句隔開,加大了難度。
8.C主要測試主語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知:句子屬于形式主語格式;另外主句中缺少主語。雙重作用的引導(dǎo)詞只能是what。例如:Itisstilldoubtfulwhathesaidatthemeetingyesterday。昨天他在會上說的話仍然值得懷疑。
9.C主要測試同位語從句。由句子語境可知句意;有個新的問題卷入私家車行列:道路狀況需要改進(jìn)。結(jié)合同位語從句的定義可知:問題的具體內(nèi)容既是:到了狀況需要改進(jìn)。因此屬于該句型結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:Therewasanewproblemputforwardatthemeetingwherewecouldgettheloan。會議上提出一個新問題,我們到哪兒弄到貸款。
10.B主要測試主語從句和表語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知:句子______madetheschoolproud缺少主語,另外還要引導(dǎo)主語從句,故此只能選擇what,由此先排除C、D兩答案。再結(jié)合句子______morethat90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities結(jié)構(gòu)完整不缺少成分,只需要引導(dǎo)詞。句子意思:讓我們學(xué)校自豪的是百分之九十多的學(xué)生被重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取。
11.A主要測試表語從句。此試題測試的重點(diǎn)在于表語從句及起引導(dǎo)詞。句子意思:——你仍在考慮昨天的比賽嗎?———哦,那正是讓我感到興奮的地方??梢岳门懦ǎ築、C、D三個答案中結(jié)構(gòu)或句子意思不符合語境。
12.C主要測試表語從句。解題的關(guān)鍵在于分清句子中動詞disagree的詞性:不及物動詞。句子意思:你說每個人應(yīng)該平等,這正是我不同意的地方。
13.A主要測試賓語從句。充分把握題干挖掘所有可能存在的信息。意思:路上有積雪。我不理解他們?yōu)楹螆?jiān)持騎摩托車去。此題可以結(jié)合語境及答案兩方面,逐一排查尋找最佳答案。充分注意所給答案能夠充當(dāng)句子什么成分這也是解題的關(guān)鍵。
考生對于名詞性從句的復(fù)習(xí)和應(yīng)試關(guān)鍵要把握每個引導(dǎo)詞的意義,因?yàn)樵趯τ诿~性從句的考查中,引導(dǎo)詞在句子中都起作用,有意義,因此在分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),對比辨別名詞性從句、狀語從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句式后,最后還是要選擇引導(dǎo)詞;另外還要注意以下幾點(diǎn):
1.what引導(dǎo)詞的考查,尤其位于介詞后引導(dǎo)的賓語從句以及引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時的雙重作用。
2.Whether和if的區(qū)別,尤其注意他們的不同之處。
3.名詞性從句和其它從句的兼容結(jié)構(gòu)測試。
4.句子語序和時態(tài)。
具體說:
1.掌握名詞性從句的分類功能
名詞性從句根據(jù)其在主句的功能作用又可分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。
1)若從句在句中作主語為主語從句
Whathesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(NMET93)
2.)若從句在句中作賓語為賓語從句
Irememberwhenthisusedtobeaquietvillage.(NMET93)
3.)若從句在句中作表語為表語從句
-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.
-Isthatwhyyouhadafewdaysoff?(NMET99)
4)若從句在句中作同位語為同位語從句
Wewilldiscussthequestionwhetherwewillgothereornot.
2.掌握連詞的含義及分類
絕大多數(shù)名詞性從句的連詞都有其實(shí)在意義,稱為有義連詞,如what表“……的內(nèi)容”,when表“……的時間”,where表“……的地點(diǎn)”,why表“……的原因”,how表“如何;怎樣”,who表“誰”,if、whether表“是否”;沒有實(shí)在意義的連詞叫無義連詞,無義連詞只有that一個。
3.掌握名詞性從句的語序
名詞性從句用陳述語序。
4.掌握名詞性從句和其它從句之間的關(guān)系
有些連詞除引導(dǎo)名詞性從句外還可引導(dǎo)其它從句,應(yīng)掌握它們之間的關(guān)系。
1)if,whether表"是否"時引導(dǎo)名詞性從句;if表“如果”時引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句;whether表“無論是否;不管是否”時引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
2)when表“……的時間”,where表“……的地方”時引導(dǎo)名詞從句;when表“當(dāng)……的時候”引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,where表“……的地方”,且修飾行為動詞時,引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句;when,where從句作定語修飾先行詞時引導(dǎo)定語從句。
1.wecannotfigureout____quitanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.
A.thatB.asC.whyD.when
2.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,___ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.
A.whereB.whatC.thatD.How
3.Marywroteanarticleon____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.
A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that
4.Theplace__thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe____thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.
A.which;whereB.atwhich;which
C.atwhich;whereD.which;inwhich
5.Theshopkeeperdidn’twanttosellfor__hethoughtwasnotenough.
AwhereB.howC.whatD.which
6.Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome___Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother’sbirthday.
A.ifB.whenC.thatD.which
7.Seetheflagontopofthebuilding?Thatwas___wedidthismorning.
AwhenB.whichC.whereD.what
8.Thegovernmenthasannouncedthatamoderncitywillbesetupin____isstillawastelandnow.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where
9.Manypeoplewrotearticleson___LiuXianghadfailedtocompeteintheevent.
A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that
10.Thecouplearespendingtheirholidayon__isdescribedasoneofthemostbeautifulislands.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where
11.Thebookismeantto___needsit.
A.whoB.whoeverC.whomeverD.whom
12.Inhisspeech,PremierWenJiabaopointsoutthatcreativityis__ittakestokeepanationhighlycompetitive.
A.howB.whatC.whichD.that
13.TheexperienceoftheChinesenationatteststoatruth____anationlosesintimesofdisasterwillbemadeupforbyherprogress
A.thatwhatB.whatC.thatD.whatthat
14.___hasrecentlybeendonetoprovidemorebusesforthepeople,ashortageofpublicvehiclesremainsaseriousproblem.
A.ThatB.WhatC.InspiteofwhatD.Thoughwhat
15.____iscertainis___preventionismoreimportantthantreatment.
A.It;thatB.What;thatC.As;whatD.What;what
參考答案和解析:
1.Cfigureout后接賓語從句,根據(jù)從句要表達(dá)的意思“為什么很多昆蟲,鳥,和動物在逐漸滅絕”
2.B“ourastronautsdesiretodo”是主語從句,從句中缺少do的賓語
3.A“theteamhadfailedtowinthegame”是詞on的賓語從句,從句中不缺主干,故排除B和C.再根據(jù)句意“為什么這個隊(duì)沒能贏”
4.C“hebridgeissupposedtobebuilt”是定語從句,修飾名詞place?!癶ecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest”組在句中做表語,表語從句引導(dǎo)詞中沒有inwhich,兩空結(jié)合
5.C.那位店主不愿意以他認(rèn)為不夠高的價格出售他的商品。本題考察賓語從句的用法。難度在于“hethought”的干擾。從句中缺少主語故選C.what
6.C.句意:我腦海中突然出現(xiàn)一個溫情的念頭,用我的零花錢給媽媽買些鮮花作為她的生日禮物。本題考察名詞性從句用法。Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother’sbirthday.做Awarmthought的同位語從句。中間被suddenlycametome隔開,增加了試題難度。此外,部分考生由于對同位語從句和定語從句不分,故錯選D為答案
7.D表語從句中缺did的賓語。
8.A“____isstillawastelandnow.”做介詞in的賓語從句,從句中缺主語句意為:政府已經(jīng)宣布一座現(xiàn)代化的城市將在這片現(xiàn)在仍是廢墟的地方建成。
9.A“___LiuXianghadfailedtocompeteintheevent.”做介詞on的賓語,賓語從句中不缺主干,故排除B和C。另外that不引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句(固定搭配除外),所以排除D。
10B“__isdescribedasoneofthemostbeautifulislands.”賓語從句,從句中缺少主語,
11.Bwhoever在賓語從句中做主語,部分學(xué)生,因?yàn)橹豢吹浇樵~to,誤認(rèn)為要添whomever做介詞的賓語。
12B“__ittakestokeepanationhighlycompetitive.”做表語從句,從句中缺少takes的賓語,構(gòu)成ittakessthtodosth結(jié)構(gòu)。
13A本題句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜,“____anationlosesintimesofdisasterwillbemadeupforbyherprogress”做atruth的同位語從句,同位語從句中____anationlosesintimesofdisaster為主語從句。本句共有兩個從句,故有兩個引導(dǎo)詞。句意為“中華民族的經(jīng)驗(yàn)證明了一個真理,即,一個民族在災(zāi)難中失去的,必將從民族的進(jìn)步中得到補(bǔ)償。
14.C“___hasrecentlybeendonetoprovidemorebusesforthepeople”在句中做讓步狀語,而D.Thoughwhat錯誤,因?yàn)?一個單一的從句不能用兩個連詞引導(dǎo).句意:盡管在為人們提供更多公交車這件事上,投入了很多,但是公交工具的缺乏,仍然是個問題.
15B“____iscertain”在句中做主語,主語從句缺少一個主語,需要用What;“___preventionismoreimportantthantreatment.”系表語從句,句意與結(jié)構(gòu)完整,只有that,可以這樣用。