高中英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2020-12-09高考英語(yǔ)第二輪定語(yǔ)從句備考復(fù)習(xí)教案。
衛(wèi)輝一中高三二輪備考抓分點(diǎn)透析之英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句
定語(yǔ)從句也是高考英語(yǔ)的重要語(yǔ)法,是歷年考查的熱點(diǎn)。高考對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在:1、關(guān)系代詞that和which的區(qū)別;2、關(guān)系代詞which和as的區(qū)別;3、介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句;4、定語(yǔ)從句與其他從句的區(qū)別。
定語(yǔ)從句是一種作定語(yǔ)用的從句,修飾主句中的一個(gè)名詞或代詞;定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞叫做先行詞。
⒈定語(yǔ)從句要跟在先行詞的后面。
⒉定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句兩種。
⒊引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有兩種:
關(guān)系代詞:that,which,who,whom,whose,as等
關(guān)系副詞:when,where,why等
⒋關(guān)系詞的作用:引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句;代替先行詞;在定語(yǔ)從句中作成分。
一、定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的使用:
⒈如果修飾人,一般用關(guān)系代詞who,whom,whose或that。在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)的一般用who或that,作賓語(yǔ)的一般用whom,who或that,作定語(yǔ)并具有物主性質(zhì)的用whose。(在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞可省略)關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
(2011四川卷)17.Theschoolshop,customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfewtheholidays.
A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where
(2011福建卷)24.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.
A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who
⒉如果修飾事物,用關(guān)系代詞which和that,作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),如果介詞位于關(guān)系代詞之前,則用which(不能省),而不用that(關(guān)系代詞that既能代人,又能代物)。whose也可用來(lái)指物(此時(shí)可用ofwhich來(lái)代替),在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)。
(2011全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷)31.Theprizewillgotothewriterstoryshowsthemostimagination.
A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what
(2011江西卷)34.Sheshowedhevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction______hastakenmorethanthreeyears.
A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich
3.when指時(shí)間,在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),有時(shí)也可用介詞+which來(lái)代替。
(2011天津卷)10.Thedaysaregone_____physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which
4.where指地點(diǎn),在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),有時(shí)也可用介詞+which來(lái)代替。
(2011陜西卷)11.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.
A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that
5.why指原因,在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ),常可用for+which來(lái)代替。
Doyouknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhecamesolate?
判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞
方法一:用關(guān)系代詞,還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無(wú)賓語(yǔ),就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如:
ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.這是我去年呆過(guò)的山村。
IllneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記與你共事的日子。
判斷改錯(cuò):
(錯(cuò))ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.
(錯(cuò))IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.
?。▽?duì))Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.
?。▽?duì))Illneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.
習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞where,when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。
方法二:準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。
例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?
A.where B.that C.onwhich D.theone
例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.
A.where B.that C.onwhichD.theone
答案:例1D,例2A
例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.
例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.
在句1中,所缺部分為賓語(yǔ),而where,that,onwhich都不能起到賓語(yǔ)的作用,只有theone既做了主句的表語(yǔ),又可做從句的賓語(yǔ),可以省略關(guān)系代詞,所以應(yīng)選D。
而句2中,主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語(yǔ)表地點(diǎn),既可用副詞where,又因inthemuseum詞組,可用介詞in+which引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。而此題中,介詞on用的不對(duì),所以選A。
關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分,先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語(yǔ)時(shí),選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose);先行詞在從句中做狀語(yǔ)時(shí),應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),when時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),why原因狀語(yǔ))。
二、限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句的關(guān)系密切,對(duì)先行詞有修飾限制作用,如果去掉,主句的意義將不完整或失去意義;非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句的關(guān)系不太密切,只對(duì)先行詞有附加說(shuō)明作用,如去掉,主句的意思仍完整;限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句之間不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi),修飾的先行詞可是名詞,名詞詞組或代詞;而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常用逗號(hào)和主句隔開(kāi),可修飾主句的某一個(gè)詞,也可以修飾整個(gè)句子。另外,在關(guān)系詞的使用上:限制性定語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略,在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中不可省略;限制性定語(yǔ)從句中可用that,而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中不可使用that。
(2011浙江卷)8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.
A.whichB.whatC.themD.those
(2011湖南卷)25.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof____shespokefluently.
A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that
(2010重慶)28.Inchina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing________developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.
A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that
(10全國(guó)Ⅱ)16.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____wassomeoneelse’sfault.
A.whoB.thatC.asD.what
定語(yǔ)從句的常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn):
⒈oneof+the+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 后面定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)情況:
跟定語(yǔ)從句所靠近的那個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞在數(shù)上保持一致,通常用復(fù)數(shù)。但如果這一結(jié)構(gòu)前面有theonly之類(lèi)的限定語(yǔ),后面定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則要用單數(shù)形式。
Thisisoneofthebooksthatarerequiredforstudyatschool.
HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowsFrenchinourschool.
⒉定語(yǔ)從句中用that而不用which的情況:
1)、先行詞是不定代詞時(shí),如:everything,anything,any,something,little,much等。
Weshoulddoallthatisusefultothepeople.
2)、先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,much等詞修飾時(shí)。
Ihavereadallthebooksthatyougaveme. 。
3)、先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。
ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveeverseen.
4)、先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時(shí)。
ThisistheverybookthatIwanttofind.
5)、先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。
Theyaretalkingaboutthefactory,theleadersandtheworkersthattheyvisitedyesterday.
6)、主句是以who或which開(kāi)頭的疑問(wèn)句時(shí)。
Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?
7)、關(guān)系代詞本身是定語(yǔ)從句的表語(yǔ)時(shí)。
Myhometownisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.
⒊定語(yǔ)從句中宜用which而不用that的情況:
1)、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時(shí)。
Isthistheroominwhichhelives?
2)、在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。
(2011浙江卷)8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.
A.whichB.whatC.themD.those
3)、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞后面有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。
HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asIhadtoldyou,willhelpimproveyourEnglish.
在一個(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,其中一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞用了that,另一個(gè)宜用which。
LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopenedtous.
給你看看我從新開(kāi)放的圖書(shū)館借來(lái)的一本小說(shuō)。
⒋關(guān)系代詞as和which的選用:
在形式上as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可位于主句的后面,也可位于主句的前面,而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可位于主句的后面,不能位于主句的前面;在意義上,as定語(yǔ)從句和主句的關(guān)系一般為一致關(guān)系,常譯為“正如…,就象…”,而which定語(yǔ)從句和主句的關(guān)系是因果關(guān)系,或which從句是對(duì)主句的評(píng)論。
Theroomhasn’tbeencleanedforweeks,whichmakesitverydirty.
Hewaslateagain,aswehadexpected.他又遲到了,正如我們所料。
另外,在such…as…,thesame…as…,as…as,so…as等結(jié)構(gòu)中,as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,此時(shí)不能用which代替。(這種定語(yǔ)從句常采用省略形式)
Ihaveneverseensuchalazymanasyou.我從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)你這樣懶的人。
Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift. 這個(gè)大石塊太大沒(méi)人能把它舉起來(lái)。
⒌先行詞為situation、case、occasion、point時(shí),常用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。
Canyoupointoutasituationwherethiswordcanbeused? 你能指出這個(gè)單詞使用的場(chǎng)合嗎
Youhavegottothepointwhereachangeisneeded. 你已經(jīng)發(fā)展到非改不可的地步了。
⒍關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和先行詞的性、數(shù)保持一致。
(2011山東卷)32.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.
A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that
⒎定語(yǔ)從句中不要重復(fù)了關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞所替代的部分。
誤:ThisistheplacethatIhavevisitedit.
這就是我參觀(guān)過(guò)的那個(gè)地方。
應(yīng)去掉it,因that代替先行詞theplace在定語(yǔ)從句中作visit的賓語(yǔ),再加it就是多余的了。
⒏定語(yǔ)從句中不要加多余的關(guān)系副詞或介詞。
誤:Thehousewherehelivesinneedsrepairing.
應(yīng)刪去關(guān)系副詞where,因?yàn)閣here在這里的意思是inwhich,否則介詞in就重復(fù)了。或保留where,刪去從句里的in.
由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1.由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句主要用于正式文體,在非正式文體中通常將介詞放至句末。如:ThisisthemantowhomIreferred.我指的就是這個(gè)人。Thisistheman(whom)Ireferredto.我指的就是這個(gè)人。
2.直接用于介詞后作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞which不能換成that,直接用于介詞后作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞whom不能換成who。但若介詞用于句末,則用作賓語(yǔ)的which,whom也可換成that,who,或者省略不同。如:這是一個(gè)我們討論了許多的問(wèn)題。(which不能換成that,也不能省略)Thisisasubjectwhichwehavetalkedaboutalot.這是一個(gè)我們討論了許多的問(wèn)題。(which可以換成that,也可以省略)
3.關(guān)系副詞when,where,why根據(jù)情況有時(shí)可換成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞which”。如:Thatisthedaywhen[=onwhich]hewasborn.那就是他出生的日子。Thatisthehousewhere[=inwhich]helived.那就是他住過(guò)的房子。Thatisthereasonwhy[=forwhich]hemustapologize.那就是他必須道歉的原因。4.在很正式的文體中,“介詞
4.+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可緊縮成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:在那兒孩子們有個(gè)玩耍的花園。正:Therethechildrenhadagardeninwhichtoplay.(很正式)正:Therethechildrenhadagardeninwhichtheycouldplay.(較正式)正:Therethechildrenhadagardentoplayin.(較口語(yǔ)化)注:這類(lèi)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞++不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞不能沒(méi)有,也不能放在句末。如不能說(shuō)Therethechildrenhadagardenwhichtoplayin.
定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系詞省略的6種情形
定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞省略的6種情形關(guān)系詞有時(shí)可以省略,但這只限于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系詞則不可省略。
一、關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的省略當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞who,whom,which和that在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞位于句末時(shí)的介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以省略。如:在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)或介詞位于句末時(shí)的介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以省略。如:Isthereanything(which)youwanted?想要什么東西嗎?Whoistheman(that/who/whom)youweretalkingto?剛才和你講話(huà)的人是誰(shuí)?
二、關(guān)系代詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)的省略當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語(yǔ)從句中用作表語(yǔ)時(shí),可以省略。如:Chinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.中國(guó)已不是過(guò)去的中國(guó)了。(that作表語(yǔ))
三、關(guān)系代詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)的省略當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語(yǔ)從句中用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足時(shí),可以省略。如:I’mnotthemadman(that)youthoughtme.我并不是你所認(rèn)為的那個(gè)瘋子。(that作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ))
四、關(guān)系副詞when的省略用作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的關(guān)系副詞when通常不能省略,但有一種特殊情況,即用于day,year,time等少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞后時(shí)可以省略(也可換成that)也可換成。如:Thatwastheyear(that)Ifirstwentabroad.就是那一年我第一次出國(guó)了。I’llneverforgettheday(that)wemet.我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了我們見(jiàn)面的那一天。
五、關(guān)系副詞where的省略用作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的關(guān)系副詞where通常不能省略,但有一種特殊情況,即用于place,somewhere,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere少數(shù)幾個(gè)詞后時(shí)可以省略(也可換成that)。如:Thisistheplace(where)theymetyesterday.這就是他們昨天碰頭的地方。Haveyousomewhere(that)Icanliedownforanhour?你有沒(méi)有一個(gè)什么地方可以讓我躺一個(gè)小時(shí)?
六、關(guān)系副詞why的省略關(guān)系副詞why通常只用于thereason后引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,且通??蓳Q成that或forwhich,均可省略。如:That’sthereason(why,forwhich,that)hecame.
這就是他來(lái)的原因。
Givemeonereason(why)weshouldhelpyou.給我舉出一個(gè)我們應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助你的理由。absent,nothingcouldn’tbedone.由于他缺席,什么事也干不成。
定語(yǔ)從句的考查
一、疑問(wèn)句中考查定語(yǔ)從句
1.Isthisthefarm________youvisitedlastweek?
A.whereB.theone C.onwhichD./
答案是D。命題人經(jīng)常利用疑問(wèn)句的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)干擾學(xué)生的正確選擇。遇到這類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),最好的辦法是先把疑問(wèn)句還原成陳述句,然后判斷誰(shuí)是先行詞,再看關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑詈蟠_定正確答案。
二、倒裝句中考查定語(yǔ)從句
2.Wecametoaplace,________stoodabigtower.
A.whichB.thatC./D.where
正確答案是D。為了保持句子平衡,句子用了倒裝語(yǔ)序。倒裝的使用使定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)變得較為特殊,因此對(duì)于使用倒裝語(yǔ)序的定語(yǔ)從句,應(yīng)先把倒裝語(yǔ)序還原成正常語(yǔ)序,這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)就比較清晰了。
三、拆分詞組和固定搭配
3.Thesecondisconnectedwiththeuse________thebodymakesoffood.
A.ofwhichB.whereC.todoD.that
4.Whycan’tyourealizethepart________theyhaveplayedinourlife?
A.whichB.onwhichC.whenD.where
正確答案分別是D和A。一些詞組和搭配被拆開(kāi)后,句子的含義就變得難以理解。首先把拆開(kāi)的詞組復(fù)原是理解此類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵。上述句子中包含以下詞組:makeuseof,playapart(in)。
四、添加插入語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)
5.Thescientisthasmadeanotherdiscovery,_______Ibelieveisofgreatimportance.
A.thatB./C.whichD.why
應(yīng)選擇C。這類(lèi)句子主要利用插入語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)的添加來(lái)增加試題的難度。常見(jiàn)的插入語(yǔ)有:Ithink(suppose,expect,believe,imagine),inmyopinion,totellyouthetruth等。做這類(lèi)題目時(shí),最佳的辦法是先刪去插入語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ),這樣句子的主干部分就一目了然了。
五、插入非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
6.Isthistheman________youwanttohave________
theradioforme?
A.who;repairedB.that;repaired
C.whom;repairing D.that;repair
D項(xiàng)正確。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是英語(yǔ)中難度較大的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目之一,因而在定語(yǔ)從句中加入非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就成了學(xué)生最易失分的題目。對(duì)付這類(lèi)題目最有效的辦法就是將句子還原。如:我們可以把幾個(gè)句子中的定語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行還原,還原后的句子應(yīng)是:Youwanttohavethemanrepairtheradioforme.
典型高考英語(yǔ)陷阱題詳解
1.Thefactorywasbuiltinasecretplace,around______highmountains.
A.whichwasB.itwasC.whichwereD.themwere
容易誤選A或B,將A、B中的which和it誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語(yǔ)。
最佳答案是C,aroundwhichwerehighmountains是一個(gè)由"介詞+which"引出的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,而在該從句中,主語(yǔ)是highmountains,aroundwhich是表語(yǔ),所以句子謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were,而不是用單數(shù)was.請(qǐng)做以下類(lèi)例題目(答案均為C):
(1)Yesterdaywevisitedamodernhospital,around_______somefruitshops.
A.whichisB.itisC.whichareD.themare
(2)Themurderhappenedinanoldbuilding,beside______thecitypolicestation.
A.whichareB.itisC.whichisD.themare
(3)Nextmonthwellmovetoanewbuilding,nextto_______anicerestaurantwherewecanhaveChinesefood.
A.whichareB.itisC.whichisD.themare
2.Amanwithableedinghandhurriedinandasked,"Isthereahospitalaround______Icangetsomemedicineformywoundedhand?"
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what
容易誤選B,認(rèn)為around是介詞,選which用以代替前面的名詞hospital,在此用作介詞around的賓語(yǔ)。
最佳答案為C。以上語(yǔ)法分析并不算錯(cuò),但問(wèn)題是,照此分析,此句的意思即為:有沒(méi)有這樣一個(gè)醫(yī)院,我在它的附近可以買(mǎi)藥治我的手傷?這樣的語(yǔ)境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理,因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔJ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷,而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選C的理由是:句中的around不是介詞,而是副詞,意為"在附近";其后的where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞hospital,句意為:附近有沒(méi)有一家醫(yī)院,我可以去治我的手傷?
3._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.
A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What
容易誤選A,認(rèn)為此處應(yīng)填一個(gè)形式主語(yǔ)。
最佳答案是B。as引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。比較下面一題:
_______isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.
A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What
此題答案選A,it為形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句。
再比較下面一組題,其中第(1)題選B,第(2)題選D:
(1)______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.
A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It
(2)______ismentionedabovethatthenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolisincreasing.
A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It
4.Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslike.
A.thatB.whoC.asD.whom
此題容易誤選A,許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such,再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的that,便認(rèn)為這是考查such...that...句式。況且,這樣理解意思也還通順。
最佳答案為C,不是A,因?yàn)樵趕uch...that...(如此......以至......)結(jié)構(gòu)中,that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,并且that在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分,若在上句填入such...that...,句末的動(dòng)詞like缺賓語(yǔ)。選C的理由如下:as用作關(guān)系代詞,用以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾其前的名詞boy,同時(shí)as在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞like的賓語(yǔ),句意為"所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩"。有的同學(xué)可能還會(huì)問(wèn),假若選A,能否將其后的that視為引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞呢?不能,因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞受到such的修飾時(shí),其后的定語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞as來(lái)引導(dǎo),而不用that.比較下面一題,答案為A,因?yàn)閘ike后有自己的賓語(yǔ)him:
Davidissuchagoodboy_______alltheteacherslikehim.
A.thatB.whoC.asD.whom
請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆韵略囶}(答案選D):
Itwasnotsuchagooddinner_______shehadpromisedus.
A.likeB.thatC.whichD.as
5.Thebuses,mostof_______werealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.
A.thatB.itC.themD.which
容易誤選C,用them代指thebuses.
最佳答案是D。mostofwhichwerealreadyfull為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾thebuses.類(lèi)似地,以下各題也選D:
(1)Hishouse,for_______hepaid,000,isnowworth,000.
A.thatB.itC.themD.which
(2)Ashdownforest,through_______wellbedriving,isntaforestanylonger.
A.thatB.itC.themD.which
(3)ThisIdidatnineoclock,after_______Isatreadingthepaper.
A.thatB.itC.themD.which
類(lèi)似地,以下各題選whom,不選them:
(4)George,with_______IplayedtennisonSundays,wasawarm-heartedperson.
A.thatB.himC.themD.whom
(5)Hersons,bothof______workabroad,willcomebackhomethissummer.
A.thatB.whoC.themD.whom
(6)Imetthefruit-pickers,severalof_______werestilluniversitystudents.
A.thatB.whoC.themD.whom
6.Hehadthousandsofstudents,manyof______gainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield.
A.whomB.themC.whichD.who
容易誤選B,用them代指students.
最佳答案是A,manyofwhomgainedgreatsuccessintheirownfield為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。假若在manyof...的前面加上連詞and,則選答案B。比較以下各題(答案均選A):
(1)Heaskedalotofquestions,noneof______waseasytoanswer.
A.whichB.themC.whatD.that
(2)Heaskedalotofquestions,andnoneof______waseasytoanswer.
A.themB.whichC.whatD.that
(3)Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,neitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.
A.whomB.themC.whichD.who
(4)Hetoldmethathehadtwogirl-friends,andneitherof_______knewanythingabouttheother.
A.themB.whomC.whichD.who
7.Hehadalotoffriends,onlyafewof______invitedtohiswedding.
A.whomB.themC.whichD.who
容易誤選A,認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
最佳答案是B,這不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞invited并不是一個(gè)完整的謂語(yǔ),而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)然,假若在invited前加上助動(dòng)詞were,則是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,答案便應(yīng)選A.比較:
(1)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______carriedoutintheirwork.
A.whichB.themC.whatD.that
答案選B,noneofthemcarriedoutintheirwork是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),其中的carriedout為過(guò)去分詞。
(2)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.
A.whichB.themC.whatD.that
答案選A,noneofthemwerecarriedoutintheirwork是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,注意與上例比較句中多了一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞were.
(3)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,butnoneof_______werecarriedoutintheirwork.
A.whichB.themC.whatD.that
答案選B,由于兩句之間增加了一個(gè)并列連詞but,使得該句成了一個(gè)并列句。
8.OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsseatedtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
容易誤選B,認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
最佳答案是A.與上面一題相似,theirparentsseatedtogetherjoking不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭?dòng)詞seated不是謂語(yǔ),而是一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞,因?yàn)閟eat作動(dòng)詞用時(shí),是及物動(dòng)詞。比較以下相似題:
(1)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
選B.whoseparentswereseatedtogetherjoking為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)槠浜笥型暾闹^語(yǔ)wereseated.
(2)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,and_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
選A.因?yàn)榫渲杏胁⒘羞B詞and,整個(gè)句子為并列句。
(3)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssittingtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
選A.theirparentssittingtogetherjoking為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
(4)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssattogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
選B.whoseparentssattogetherjoking為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ)sat.
(5)OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsweresittingtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
選B.whoseparentsweresittingtogetherjoking為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,因?yàn)榫渲杏型暾闹^語(yǔ)weresitting.
9.Ifthemanisonlyinterestedinyourlooks,_____justshowshowshallowheis.
A.asB.whichC.whatD.that
容易誤選A或B,誤這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
正確答案為D,注意逗號(hào)前是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,逗號(hào)后是該狀語(yǔ)從句的主句,that在此代表前文所述的情況,用作主句的主語(yǔ)。類(lèi)似地,下面幾道題也選that,而不選which:
(1)Ifyoupromisetogowithus,_____willbeOK.
A.asB.whichC.anditD.that
(2)Ifyouwantadoubleroom,_____willcostanother£15.
A.asB.whichC.whatD.that
(3)Whetheryougoornot,_______isquiteallrightwithme.
A.thatB.whichC.anditD.so
(4)WhenIsaytwohours,_____includestimeforeating.
A.asB.whichC.whatD.that
10.Shesaysthatshellneverforgetthetime________shesspentworkingasasecretaryinourcompany.
A.whichB.whenC.howD.where
容易誤選B,機(jī)械地認(rèn)為時(shí)間名詞后必須用關(guān)系副詞when,地點(diǎn)名詞后用關(guān)系副詞where.
正確答案為A.在時(shí)間名詞和地點(diǎn)名詞后是否用關(guān)系副詞要看它在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么句子成分。一般說(shuō)來(lái),若用作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),用關(guān)系代詞;若用作狀語(yǔ),則用關(guān)系副詞。上面一題中的動(dòng)詞spent缺賓語(yǔ),故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which或that.比較下面一題,由于空格后的句子不缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),所以選關(guān)系副詞when:
Shesaysthatshellneverforgetthetime________sheworksasasecretaryinourcompany.
A.whichB.whenC.howD.where
請(qǐng)?jiān)僮鲆唤M試題(答案均選A):
(1)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weboughtlastmonth.
A.whichB.whenC.howD.where
選A,which在定語(yǔ)從句中用作動(dòng)詞bought的賓語(yǔ)。
(2)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______hasjustbeencomplete.
A.whichB.whenC.howD.where
選A,which在定語(yǔ)從句中用作主語(yǔ)。
(3)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weworkedtwoyearsago.
A.whereB.whenC.thatD.which
選A,where在定語(yǔ)從句中用作狀語(yǔ)。
(2011江蘇卷)24.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,_____theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.
A.WhenB.WhereC.thatD.which
答案考查定語(yǔ)從句。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句____theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.中不缺少成分,先行詞aninterval表時(shí)間,所以選擇A。
(2011浙江卷)8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.
A.whichB.whatC.themD.those
答案考查定語(yǔ)從句。非限定性定語(yǔ)從句eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.中介詞of后缺少賓語(yǔ)。所以選擇A。
(2010重慶)28.Inchina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing________developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.
A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that
答案考查定語(yǔ)從句。development與先行詞cities之間是所屬關(guān)系,所以選whose。句意是:在中國(guó),城市的數(shù)量在增加,城市的發(fā)展被全世界意識(shí)到。所以選擇C。
(10福建)24.StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanetlifehasdevelopedgradually.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose24.答案:B
考點(diǎn):定語(yǔ)從句
解析:先行詞為planet,表示地點(diǎn),故用where。
(10湖南)28.IvebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.
A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which
28.答案:A
考點(diǎn):考查定語(yǔ)從句。
解析:該空引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾表示人的先行詞thestudents,且在從句中作met的賓語(yǔ),故選關(guān)系代詞who,即A項(xiàng)。
(10江西)31Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister______shewouldstayforanhour.
AwhereBwhoCwhichDwhat
答案:A
考點(diǎn):考察定語(yǔ)從句。
解析:先行詞為centre,shewouldstayforanhour不缺賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ),故要填狀語(yǔ),表地點(diǎn)用where。
(10山東)24.That’sthenewmachine______partsaretoosmalltobeseen.
A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.What
答案:C
考點(diǎn):本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。
解析:句意應(yīng)為“那就是那臺(tái)零部件小得幾乎看不見(jiàn)的新機(jī)器?!笨崭裉幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并且在從句中作定語(yǔ)使用,所以使用whose。
38.Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywemayreturninthenearfuture.
A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich
答案:C
考點(diǎn):此處考查的是介詞加疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)從句
解析:考察介詞+which的用法。=Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywhichthat
wemayreturntointhenearfuture.
(10天津)8.CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?
Youshouldtrythebarber’sIgo.It’sonly15.
A.asB.whichC.whereD.that
答案:C.
考點(diǎn):考查定語(yǔ)從句。
句意:—你能相信我理一次發(fā)得花20美元嗎?—你應(yīng)該到我去的那家理發(fā)店試試,只需要15美元。
解析:句中thebarber’s是先行詞,從句中g(shù)o是不及物動(dòng)詞,所選關(guān)系代詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ),所以要用where。
(10四川)10.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,turnedouttobeawisedecision.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
答案:B
考點(diǎn):考查定語(yǔ)從句。
解析:此處應(yīng)為which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,which代替前邊整個(gè)句子。句意為:“大學(xué)畢業(yè)后,我們休假一段時(shí)間去旅游,這結(jié)果證明是一個(gè)明智的決定。”
(10全國(guó)Ⅰ)24.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,_____isnamedafterhisgrandfather.
A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that
24題答案:A
句意:還是孩子的時(shí)候,Jack在以他祖父命名的鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。
解答:根據(jù)選項(xiàng)此題考察從句,空格設(shè)置在名詞school后,且school后有逗號(hào),此題考察非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞是school,它在定于從句中做主語(yǔ),因此使用關(guān)系代詞,選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)系代詞只有which和that,由于是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,不能使用that,因此選擇A。
(10江蘇)32.Thenewlybuiltcafé,thewallsof_______arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.
A.thatB.itC.whatD.which
選D定語(yǔ)從句表示咖啡屋的墻
(陜西)11.Theoldtemple_______roofwasdamagedinstormisnowunderrepair.
A.whereB.whichC.itsD.Whose
11.答案:D.
考點(diǎn):考查定語(yǔ)從句。
解析:所填詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是theoldtemple,關(guān)系詞在從句中做roof的定語(yǔ),用關(guān)系代詞whose,選D。其余選項(xiàng)與題意不符。
(10全國(guó)Ⅱ)16.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse’sfault.
A.whoB.thatC.asD.what
答案:B
考點(diǎn):定語(yǔ)從句。
解析:不定代詞something作主語(yǔ),用that引導(dǎo)。
(10湖北)77.Mymotherwassoproudofall________(我所做的)thatsherewardedmewithatriptoBeijing.(do)
77.答案:thatIhaddone
考點(diǎn):定語(yǔ)從句
解析:先行詞是“all”的時(shí)候,定語(yǔ)從句只能由“that”引導(dǎo),又因?yàn)橹骶涫且话氵^(guò)去時(shí),“我”所做的事情是過(guò)去已經(jīng)完成的事情,所以要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
80.________(正如我們強(qiáng)調(diào)的那樣)manytimes,“servethepeople”isourfirstpolicy.(stress)
80.答案:Aswehavestressed
考點(diǎn):非限定性定語(yǔ)從句
解析:當(dāng)句子以整個(gè)主句作為先行詞,又放在主句前的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句只能由“as”來(lái)引導(dǎo),主句的內(nèi)容作定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)
(北京)27.Childrenwhoarenotactiveordietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.
A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that
27.答案:B
考點(diǎn):本題考查定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞的選擇。
解析:不愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)或者飲食熱量偏高的孩子們會(huì)很快發(fā)胖。較簡(jiǎn)單。本定語(yǔ)從句不缺成分,為主系表結(jié)構(gòu),因此只能在考慮填關(guān)系副詞。A中的What不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。選B.whose誰(shuí)的,符合題意。
(重慶)28.Inchina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing________developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.
A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that
28.答案C
考點(diǎn):考查定語(yǔ)從句。
解析:development與先行詞cities之間是所屬關(guān)系,所以選whose。句意是:在中國(guó),城市的數(shù)量在增加,城市的發(fā)展被全世界意識(shí)到。
(10浙江)3.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyoflefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.
A.whomB.whichC.themD.those
答案:A
考點(diǎn):本題考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。
解析:由many之后的逗號(hào)和選項(xiàng)特征,此處是主從句關(guān)系,排除C、D項(xiàng)。由于先行詞是“1,000people”,表示人,故用whom。句意為:這里居住著將近1000人,他們中的許多人都背井離鄉(xiāng)去城市追求更好的生活。
真題練習(xí)
(09安徽)1.AgoodfriendofminefromIwasbornshowedupatmyhomerightbeforeIleftforBeijing.
A.howB.whom
C.whenD.which
C
(09安徽)2.Manychildren,parentsareawayworkinginbigcities,aretakengoodcareofinthevillage.
A.theirB.whose
C.ofthemD.withwhom
B
(09北京)3.—Whatdoyouthinkofteacher,Bob?
—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob___youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.
A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
B
(09福建)4.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheycanseethemselvesdifferently.
A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
D考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是situation,指物,亦可指地點(diǎn),關(guān)系詞在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),用關(guān)系副詞where,選D。
(09湖南)5.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acitynamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.
A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose
D考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ),意思為這個(gè)城市的名字。
(09江西)6.ThehouseIgrewup________hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.
A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich
B考查定語(yǔ)從句。Thehouse(which/thatIgrewupin),主語(yǔ)后面緊跟的是定語(yǔ)從句。
(09海南)7.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.
A.themB.who
C.whomD.these
C。考查定語(yǔ)從句中的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意為:她帶著她的三個(gè)朋友,他們?nèi)齻€(gè)中沒(méi)有一個(gè)人我曾見(jiàn)過(guò)。表示“部分的詞語(yǔ)+of+關(guān)系代詞”在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句指人只能用whom。
(09山東)8.WheneverImether,_________wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.
A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that
B非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,指代前面一個(gè)句子,故用which.
(09陜西)9.GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.
A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich
C考查定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是Guncontrol,指物,關(guān)系詞在從句中做介詞的賓語(yǔ),介詞前置,介詞與從句動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成搭配argueaboutsth,選C。
(09四川)10.She’llneverforgetherstaythere________shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
D考查定語(yǔ)從句的用法。herstay為先行詞,可以理解為抽象的一段時(shí)間(她呆在那里期間),when指代herstay在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
(09天津)11.Aperson______e-mailaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.
A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever
C
(09天津)12ItraveltotheBinhaiNewAreabylightrailwayeveryday,_____domanybusinessmenwholiveindowntownTianjin.
A.asB.whichC.whenD.though
A
(09浙江)13.Ihavereachedapointinmylife______Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
B
(09重慶)14.Lifeislikealongrace_____wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.
A.whyB.what
C.thatD.where
D
(09全國(guó)2)15.Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,wasverykindofhim.
A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
A考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(這兒的which指代前面整句話(huà)內(nèi)容。
(2011全國(guó)卷I)31.Theprizewillgotothewriter________storyshowsthemostimagination.
A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what
(2011全國(guó)卷II)7.TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaT-shirt,____isastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.
A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which
(2011北京卷)26.MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,_________,ofcourse,makealltheothersupset.
A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that
(2011上海卷)39.You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation____youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.a(chǎn)s
(2011山東卷)32.Theoldtownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhouses_____arebuiltclosetoeachother.
A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that
(2011江西卷)34.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstruction_____hadtakenmorethanthreeyears.
A.forwhichB.withwhichC.ofwhichD.towhich
(2011江蘇卷)24.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,_______theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.
A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which
(2011安徽卷)28.Whateverisleftovermaybeputintotherefrigerator,_____itwillkeepfortwoorthreeweeks.
A.whenB.whichC.whereD.while
(2011浙江卷)8.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,eachof____usesitsomewhatdifferently.
A.whichB.whatC.themD.those
(2011浙江卷)10.Abankistheplace______theylendyouanumbrellainfairweatherandaskforitbackwhenitbeginstorain.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.there
(2011福建卷)24.Shehasagiftforcreatinganatmosphereforherstudents____allowsthemtocommunicatefreelywitheachother.
A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who
(2011四川卷)17.Theschoolshop,________customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfewtheholidays.
A.whichB.whoseC.whenD.where
(2011天津卷)10.Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which
(2011陜西卷)11.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,__________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.
A.whichB.whereC.whoD.that
(2011湖南卷)25.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof_________shespokefluently.
A.whoB.whomC.whichD.that
1.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthingsof__________youarenotsure.
A.whichB.what
C.asD.those
2.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday?
A.thatB.where
C.inwhichD.theone
3.Isthisfactory__________someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?
A.thatB.where
C.whichD.theone
4.Isthisthefactory__________heworkedtenyearsago?
A.thatB.where
C.whichD.theone
5.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces__________couldn’tbefound.
A.thatB.where
C.inwhichD.inthat
6.Thefreezingpointisthetemperature__________waterchangesinto
ice.
A.atwhichB.onthat
C.inwhichD.ofwhat
7.Thisbookwillshowyou__________canbeusedinothercontexts..
A.howyouhaveobservedB.whatyouhaveobserved
C.thatyouhaveobservedD.howthatyouhaveobserved
8.Thereasonis__________heisunabletooperatethemachine.
A.becauseB.why
C.thatD.whether
9.I’lltellyou__________hetoldmelastweek.
A.allwhichB.that
C.allthatD.which
10.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.
A.whoseB.ofwhich
C.inwhichD.onwhich
11.Ihaveboughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.
A.asB.that
C.whichD.what
12.Hefailedintheexamination,__________madehisfatherveryangry.
A.whichB.it
C.thatD.what
13.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist__________wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.
A.whichB.whom
C.whoD.that
14.Thegirl__________anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom’ssister.
A.whoissingingB.issinging
C.sangD.wassinging
15.Those__________notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.
A.learnB.who
C.thatlearnsD.wholearn
16.Anyone__________thisopinionmayspeakout.
A.thatagainstB.thatagainst
C.whoisagainstD.whoareagainst
17.Didn’tyouseetheman__________?
A.InoddedjustnowB.whomInoddedjustnow
C.InoddedtohimjustnowD.Inoddedtojustnow
18.Canyoulendmethenovel__________theotherday?
A.thatyoutalkedB.youtalkedaboutit
C.whichyoutalkedwithD.youtalkedabout
19.Isthereanything__________toyou?
A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongs
C.thatbelongD.whichbelongs
20.----“Howdoyoulikethebook?”
----“It’squitedifferentfrom__________Ireadlastmonth.”
A.thatB.which
C.theoneD.theonewhat
21.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept__________whohadalreadytakenthem.
A.theonesB.ones
C.someD.theothers
22.Thetrain__________shewastravellingwaslate.
A.whichB.where
C.onwhichD.inthat
23.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer__________thepapersarekept.
A.whereB.inwhich
C.underwhichD.which
24.Antarctic__________weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.
A.whichB.where
C.thatD.aboutwhich
25.It’sthethirdtime__________latethismonth.
A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrived
C.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrived
26.Itwasin1969__________theAmericanastronautsucceededin
landingonthemoon.
A.thatB.which
C.whenD.inwhich
27.Maythefourthistheday__________weChinesepeoplewillnever
forget.
A.whichB.when
C.onwhichD.aboutwhich
28.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,__________livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.
A.whichB.that
C.whoD.where
29.Thehotel__________duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.
A.westayedatB.wherewestayedat
C.westayedD.inthatwestayed
30.Isitinthatfactory__________“RedFlag”carsareproduced?
A.inwhichB.where
C.whichD.that
31.ItistheSuezCanal__________separatesAsia__________Africa.
A.which,toB.where,from
C.that,fromD.that,with
32.Underthebridge,however,almostdirectlybelow,__________wasasmallcanoe,withaboyinit.
A.thereB.where
C.itD.which
33.Heisnot__________afool__________.
A.such,asheislookedB.such,ashelooks
C.as,asheislookedD.so,ashelooks
34.Isthatthereason__________youareinfavouroftheproposal?
A.whichB.what
C.whyD.forthat
35.HemustbefromAfrica,__________canbeseenfromhisskin.
A.thatB.as
C.whoD.what
36.Hehastwosons,__________workaschemists.
A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhom
C.bothofwhichD.allofwhom
37.I,__________yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.
A.whoisB.whoam
C.thatisD.whatis
38.Heisamanofgreatexperience,__________muchcanbelearned.
A.whoB.that
C.fromwhichD.fromwhom
39.----Doyouknowthetownatall?
----No,thisisthefirsttimeI__________here.
A.wasB.havebeen
C.cameD.amcoming
40.Idon’tlike__________youspeaktoher.
A.thewayB.thewayinthat
C.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
41.Thetwothings__________theyfeltveryproudareJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.
A.aboutwhichB.ofwhich
C.inwhichD.forwhich
42.Thedinnerwasthemostexpensivemealwe__________.
A.wouldhaveB.havehad
C.hadneverhadD.hadeverhad
43.Doyouknowwhichhotel__________?
A.sheisstayingB.sheisstayingin
C.isshestayingD.isshestayingin
44.Thereisonlyonething__________Icando.
A.whatB.that
C.allD.which
45.Whocanthinkofasituation__________thisidiomcanbeused?
A.whichB.that
C.whereD.inthat
46.Ihavemanybooks,someof__________areonchemistry.
A.themB.that
C.whichD.those
47.Theywereinterested__________youtoldthem.
A.inwhichB.inthat
C.allthatD.ineverything
48.Theastronautdidmanyexperimentsinthespaceship,__________muchhelpforknowingspace.
A.whichwethinkitisB.whichwethinkareof
C.ofwhichwethinkisD.Ithinkwhichisof
49.Thegreatdaywelookedforwardto__________atlast.
A.comeB.came
C.comingD.comes
50.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch__________washeldlastweek.
A.whichB.who
C.thatD./
參考答案:
1—5AADBA6—10ABCCA11—15AADAD
16—20CDDBC21—25ACBDC26—30AADAD
31—35CABCB36—40BBDBA41—45BDBBC
46—50CDBBC
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高考英語(yǔ)代詞第二輪備考復(fù)習(xí)教案
一位優(yōu)秀的教師不打無(wú)準(zhǔn)備之仗,會(huì)提前做好準(zhǔn)備,高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案,這是高中教師的任務(wù)之一。教案可以讓學(xué)生們有一個(gè)良好的課堂環(huán)境,減輕高中教師們?cè)诮虒W(xué)時(shí)的教學(xué)壓力。寫(xiě)好一份優(yōu)質(zhì)的高中教案要怎么做呢?以下是小編為大家精心整理的“高考英語(yǔ)代詞第二輪備考復(fù)習(xí)教案”,僅供參考,歡迎大家閱讀。
衛(wèi)輝一中高三二輪備考抓分點(diǎn)透析之英語(yǔ)
代詞
高考對(duì)代詞的考查主要集中在不定代詞上,具體體現(xiàn)在1、考查他們?cè)谔囟ńY(jié)構(gòu)中的用法;2、考查他們?cè)诰唧w語(yǔ)境中的意義和功能。此外,it的用法也是高考代詞考查的熱點(diǎn)。
據(jù)此認(rèn)為對(duì)代詞的考查依然集中在不定代詞的用法區(qū)別及it的用法。
代詞是代替名詞的詞,它分為人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、連接代詞、關(guān)系代詞等。
分類(lèi)用法
人稱(chēng)代詞
★不僅指人,也可指物
主格:I,we,you,he,she,it,they,
賓格:me,us,you,him,her,it,them1.主格作主語(yǔ),賓格作賓語(yǔ)
Sheisourteacher.(主格作主語(yǔ))
Ioftenhelphimwithhismath.(賓格作賓語(yǔ))
★口語(yǔ)中,人稱(chēng)代詞賓格常用作表語(yǔ)
Whoisthere?It’sme.(賓格作表語(yǔ))
2.人稱(chēng)代詞在句子中的順序
單:第二人稱(chēng)+第三人稱(chēng)+第一人稱(chēng)
You+he/she+I(xiàn)
You,heandIareinthesameclassroom.
復(fù):第一人稱(chēng)+第二人稱(chēng)+第三人稱(chēng)
We+you+they
We,youandtheyareallChinese.
3.glasses,sunglasses,boots等復(fù)數(shù)形式的詞
單獨(dú):動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),對(duì)應(yīng)代詞they或them
Mytrousersareoverthereandtheyaredirty.
與量詞一起:動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),對(duì)應(yīng)代詞they或them
Ifyoufindapairofscissorsinthedrawer,passthemtome.
4.as和than之后的人稱(chēng)代詞
as和than之后的人稱(chēng)代詞,作主語(yǔ)用主格,作賓語(yǔ)用賓格;但在非正式語(yǔ)體中,或帶有all,both時(shí),通常用賓格。
ShespeaksEnglishaswellasme.(非正式)
Heistallerthanusall.
5.it用法:①表示無(wú)生命、已提到過(guò)的事物
Whosecoatisthis?It’smine.
②性別不祥的幼兒或小動(dòng)物
Whatabeautifulbaby!Isitaboy?
③指“那個(gè)人”
Whoisitatthedoor?It’sthepostman.
④無(wú)人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(天氣、時(shí)間、距離等)
It’sraining.
It’stwentymilesfromheretoShanghai.
物主代詞
形容詞性物主代詞:my,our,your,his,her,its,their
名詞性物主代詞:mine,ours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs★1.形容詞性物主放在名詞前,不可單獨(dú)使用。
Thisisherbook.
Yourschoolisnotveryfar.
★2.名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞,起名詞作用,可單獨(dú)使用
Ours(=Ourcountry)isagreatcountry.
Ihaven’ttakenmyumbrella.MayIshareyours(=yourumbrella)?
★3.物主代詞的固定搭配
ofone’sown…onone’sownwithone’sown
…人自己的獨(dú)自用某人自己的…
Holdone’sbreathmakeone’swayinone’sway
屏住呼吸找到路前進(jìn)妨礙某人,擋某人的路
Toone’ssurprise/amazement…使某人吃驚的是…
反身代詞
myself,yourself,,himself,itselfyourselves,,themselves,ourselves1.★反身代詞作同位語(yǔ)
TheteacherhimselfwillvisitTom’sparents.
2.★反身代詞作賓語(yǔ)
Theydotheworkbythemselves.
3.★表示獨(dú)立完成某事,親自做某事,為自己做了某事
calloneself…makeoneself…cookoneself…
把自己稱(chēng)為…為自己做了…為自己作了…吃
buyoneself…findoneself…
給自己買(mǎi)了…給自己找了…
HeusuallycallshimselfOldJim.
4.★反身代詞的固定搭配
foroneselfbyoneselftooneselfteachoneself
親自獨(dú)自獨(dú)用自學(xué)
hurtoneselfbepleasedwithoneself
弄傷自己對(duì)自己感到高興
can’thelponeselfhelponeselfto…
忍不住,無(wú)法控制自己誰(shuí)便吃,為自己?。ㄊ澄锏龋?br>
指示代詞
This,that,these,those★離說(shuō)話(huà)人近的用this,those;遠(yuǎn)的用that,those.
Youlookinthisboxhere,andI’lllookinthatboxoverthere.
Isawhimthismorning.
Hewasverybusythosedays.
疑問(wèn)代詞
Which,who,whom,whose,whatwhich哪個(gè)
Whichappledoyoulike?
who/whom誰(shuí)(主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ))
Whoistheladyoverthere?
whose誰(shuí)的
Whosebookisthis?
what什么(color,kind,size)
What’skindofhouseworkdoyouusuallydo?
不定代詞
常見(jiàn)的不定代詞:one,some,any,all,every,anther,other,many,much,few,little,neither,either
合成的不定代詞:
something,somebody,someone,
anything,anybody,anyone,
everything,everybody,everyone
nothing,nobody,none,noone
1.some(thing/body/one)某(事/人/人)
any(thing/body/one)任何(事/人/人)
everything一切事every(body/one)每個(gè)(人/人)
no(thing/body/)沒(méi)什么/沒(méi)有人
none沒(méi)有人或沒(méi)有東西noone沒(méi)有人
★只有none+(of),其他的合成不定代詞不可以
★合成的不定代詞+else,表示另外的﹡﹡,
所有格:﹡﹡else’s
★修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的定語(yǔ)(形容詞等)要放在它們的后面somethingimportant
★2.不定代詞的固定搭配
one:oneanther相互
onebyone一個(gè)接一個(gè)
other:ontheothersideof在…的另一邊
inotherwords相反的路/方向
ontheonehand….ontheotherhand
一方面…另一方面
some:someday某一天
forsometime經(jīng)過(guò)若干時(shí)間
both:onbothside雙方,兩邊
all:allthetime總是
allkindsof各種各樣的
allnew全新
allalong一直,始終
allover到處
allthesame還是,仍是
(not)atall無(wú)論如何(都不)
every:everyday每天
everytime每次
every3weeks每三個(gè)星期
everyother/secondday每隔一天
many/much:somany/much這么多的
many/muchof…..中的很多
toomany/much太多
agreat/goodmany很多
manyatime許多次
manyaday許多天
asmany/muchas和…一樣地多
little:littlebylittle漸漸地
inalittlewhile過(guò)一小會(huì)兒
few:amanoffewwords一個(gè)話(huà)很少的男人
haveafewwordwithsb和某人說(shuō)上幾句話(huà)
不定代詞的分組區(qū)別
many、much
很多,許多many+可數(shù)名詞manypeople
much+不可數(shù)名詞muchsuger
★口語(yǔ)中many/much常被alotof/lotsof代替,特別在表示肯定意義的句子里
some、any
一些some用于肯定句+可數(shù)/不可數(shù)
any用于否定句+不可數(shù)名詞
用于疑問(wèn)句+可數(shù)名詞
★some用于疑問(wèn)句中,表示邀請(qǐng)、請(qǐng)求.
Wouldyoulikesometea?
Willyoubuymesomecake?
★any用在肯定句中,表示“任何一個(gè),無(wú)論那個(gè)”
Takeanyyoulike.
both、all
都Both(兩個(gè))都
All(三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上)都
★all、both在句子中的位子:在be動(dòng)詞后面,其他動(dòng)詞前
WebothstudiedinBeijingUniversity.
Weareallinterestedinpopmusic.
each、every
每一個(gè)Each(兩個(gè)中的)每一個(gè)
Every(三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的)每一個(gè)
★each、every在句子中的位子:在be動(dòng)詞后面,其他動(dòng)詞前
one、otherantherone:不定的人或物,復(fù)數(shù)ones
other:?jiǎn)螖?shù),必須加the(one…..theother),
復(fù)數(shù)others,表示其他的人或物
anther:另一個(gè)人或物,再一個(gè)
★some…theothers
one…
theother
one….和
theothers/theother★one….theother+可數(shù)名詞:特指兩個(gè)之中的“一個(gè)…..另一個(gè)…..
Mr.Lihastwosons.Oneisadoctorandtheotherisanengineer.
★one….theothers/theother+可數(shù)名詞:特指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的情況“一個(gè)…….另一些/另幾個(gè)……
Therearefiveflowersinthevase.Oneisyellow,theotherfouronesarered.
Some…
theothers和
Some….
others★Some…theothers特定范圍,“一些…..另一些”
Thestudentsarebusywiththeexperiment.Someareoperatingthemachine,theothersarerecordingtheresults.
★Some….others較廣范圍,“一些……別的一些”
Manyoldpeopleareinthepark.Somearewalking,othersaretalking.
one….
another…
theother/thethird★列舉三個(gè)以上時(shí),按one….another…theother/thethird的順序
Thewomanhasthreesons.OneisinChina,anotherisinAmerica,theotherisinFrance.
eachother和
oneanther★eachother兩者之間“相互….”
★oneanther三者或三者以上之間“相互….”
noone、nothing、nonenoone指代可數(shù)名詞,表示人,用來(lái)回答who的問(wèn)題,不可跟of
nothing指代不可數(shù)名詞,表示物,用來(lái)回答what的問(wèn)題,不可跟of
none指代可數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞,表示人或物,用來(lái)回答howmany/howmuch的問(wèn)題,可跟of
一、代詞的記憶技巧:
1).巧記物主代詞:物主代詞分兩家,形、名詞性各一霸;his,its無(wú)變化,my,mine記牢它;
其余變形規(guī)律化,形容詞(性)后加尾巴(-s)。
2).巧記:this,these靠近我,that,those離我遠(yuǎn);this,that指單數(shù),these,those不指單;都可用the來(lái)代替,勸君務(wù)必記心里
3).巧記:all,both,each的位置
“兩前”:行為動(dòng)詞前;半系動(dòng)詞前?!叭蟆保哼B系動(dòng)詞be之后;情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后;助動(dòng)詞后。
4).巧記復(fù)合代詞分合:分合皆能單獨(dú)用,后加of合不成。
巧學(xué)不定代詞:不定代詞美名揚(yáng),修飾成分后邊藏;單數(shù)動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ),何時(shí)何地都一樣。
二、不定代詞
1)、any,all,every,each都可以譯成“每個(gè)人,人人,大家”,both的意思是“兩者都”,但它們的具體異同點(diǎn)為:
A)、all強(qiáng)調(diào)整體,every強(qiáng)調(diào)每個(gè)人,each強(qiáng)調(diào)每個(gè)人各自。
Allthatisneededisacontinuoussupplyofthebasicnecessitiesoflife.
B)、all和every都適用于三者及三者以上的情況,前面都可以加否定詞(如:not,nearly,bynomeans等)。而each可指包括兩者在內(nèi)的情況(即,要指兩者中每個(gè)人的話(huà),只能用each)。all和each都可以加of加名詞,但every后面不能接of。
Theresidents,allofwhosehomeshadbeendamagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.
C)any表示“任一的、任何的”
Themedicineisonsaleeverywhere.Youcangetitatanychemists
2.other,another,anyother,theother的用法:
A)other表示“另外”,而another表示“另外一個(gè)”,等于another。兩者都可以做主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。another只表示單數(shù)泛指的意思,而other有復(fù)數(shù)形式;特指時(shí)在其前加定冠詞;前面可加任何限定詞以及數(shù)量詞。
B)other用于兩者(或雙方)的情況下,another用于三者情況下。
Hehasmoreconcernforothersthanforhimself.
他關(guān)心他人比關(guān)心自己更重。
Noagreementwasreachedinthediscussionasneithersidewouldgivewaytotheother.
(2010安徽)21.Youareateamstar!Workingwith_______isreallyyourcupoftea.
A.bothB.eitherC.othersD.theother
3.none,neither的用法none用在談到三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物時(shí),在談到兩個(gè)人或物時(shí)通常用neither。
Ihavetwoboysbutneitherofthemlikessweets.
4.anything,nothing,something
1)nothingbut(通常指物)與nonebut(通常指人):只不過(guò),只有
Dontworryaboutthattoomuch.Itisnothingbutaquiz.
不要太焦慮,這只不過(guò)是一次小測(cè)驗(yàn)。
2)anythingbut:并不,根本不
Hewasanythingbutafool.他根本不是個(gè)傻瓜。
22.WhenyouintroducemetoMr.Johnson,couldyoupleasesayforme?(10福建)
A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing
2011全國(guó)II)11.Igotthisbicyclefor______:Myfriendgaveittomewhensheboughtanewone.
A.everythingB.somethingC.a(chǎn)nythingD.nothing
5、this,that,thesethose
1).在句子中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。
2).this(these)一般指時(shí)間和空間上較近的人或物,而that(those)常指時(shí)間和空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。
Thisisanovelandthatisamagazine.
3).this(these)一般指后面要講到的事物,而that(those)常指前面講到的事物。
Whathetoldmeisthis:hewantedtogotoBeijing.
Hedidntcome.Thatiswhyhedidntknow.
4).that,those常用來(lái)指代前面提到過(guò)的某個(gè)名詞。
Theoiloutputin1998washigherthanthatof1995.
(that代替oiloutput)
ThecarsmadeinJapanarebetterthanthoseinGermany.
5).指示代詞的固定搭配:
likethis像這樣
thatsallright沒(méi)關(guān)系
morethanthat更重要的是
forallthat盡管如此
Sothatsthat.就是這樣。
6、such
such引起倒裝句,謂語(yǔ)數(shù)取決于后面主語(yǔ)的數(shù):Suchismyanswer./Suchareourpeople.
做定語(yǔ),注意和so的區(qū)別,尤其是在so…that,such…that句型中。Ihaveneverseensuchbeautifulflowers.(復(fù)數(shù)名詞前,so不可)
Ihaveneverseensuchagreatfilm.(也可為sogreatafilm)
Wehavesuchbeautifulweathertodaythatweshouldgooutforanouting.(不可數(shù)詞前,不可用so)
Therearesomanypeopleinthehallthatitshardformetofindhim.
(在數(shù)量概念的many,much,little,few之前,不可用such)
7、neither與either的用法
都可用于表示兩個(gè)人或物。neither表否定意義,意為(兩者中的每一個(gè))都不;而either表肯定意義,意為(兩者中的每一個(gè))都。都可單獨(dú)使用,也可同介詞of連用。如:
Bothteamswereinhardtraining;neitherwillingtolosethegame.
Doyouwantteaorcoffee?
Either.Ireallydon‘tmind.
8、it,one和that
1.it可指代可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。常常指代上文中the+名詞或物主代詞+名詞中的名詞,表示同一件事物,但it代替的事物屬于特指。它的復(fù)數(shù)形式是they或them.如:
TheParkersboughtanewhousebutitwillneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.
2.one所表示的名詞(可指人或物)和前面所提到的名詞只是同一類(lèi)中的任何一個(gè),不是指其中某一個(gè)。不能代替不可數(shù)名詞。復(fù)數(shù)形式是ones.
3.that既可以代可數(shù)名詞又可以代不可數(shù)名詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)與this的對(duì)應(yīng)性。代可數(shù)名詞時(shí),其復(fù)數(shù)形式為those;
(2011重慶卷)27.——Sillyme!Ifoegetwhatmyluggagelookslike.
——Whatdoyouthinkofoverthere?
A.theoneB.thisC.itD.that
(2011福建卷)21.Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays,youcanchoose____basedonyourowninterests.
A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it
(2010山東)32.Helpingothersisahabit,_______youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.
A.itB.thatC.whatD.one
三、it用法
1).it指代事物、群體、經(jīng)驗(yàn)、活動(dòng)等??梢源嬉粋€(gè)詞、詞組或整個(gè)句子,以免重復(fù)。
Whencanwecometovisityou?Anytimeyoufeellikeit.
Iloverunning.Itkeepsmefit.
2).it用作非指代性,而表示氣候、天氣、溫度、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離、東西、動(dòng)物、嬰兒和未確定身份的人等或虛指的情境。
ItsSundaytomorrow.
Itsfivemilestotheneareststationfromhere.
3).It代指不定式,可用作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。
ItisdifficulttolearnwrittenChinese.
Itisofgreathelptomasteraforeignlanguage.
4).代指動(dòng)名詞,可作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ),常用在下列句型中
Itisnogood(nouse,useless)+動(dòng)名詞
Itisawaste+動(dòng)名詞
5).代指名詞性從句,該結(jié)構(gòu)中的名詞性從句可用that,when,who等引導(dǎo)。
Ithappenedthattheywereaway.
注意:Itisbelieved/known/reported/said/supposedthoughtthataneggistheequivalentofonepoundofmeat.可轉(zhuǎn)換為Aneggisbelieved/known/reported/said/supposedthoughttobetheequivalentofonepoundofmeat.
另外類(lèi)似takeitonesdutytodosomething的結(jié)構(gòu)中,think,find,prove,show,deem,believe,consider,count,feel,imagine,make,regard,suppose,take等詞后有不定式作賓語(yǔ),且有補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),必須用形式賓語(yǔ)it代替不定式,若補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞或從句,也要用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。
Ithinkitmydutytohelpher.(=Itisthoughtmyduty...)
6).用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中Itis(was)+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+that(who)...。it無(wú)任何指代關(guān)系,也無(wú)實(shí)義。
ItwasJohnwho(that)worehisbestsuittothedancelastnight.
ItwasinShanghaithatIfirstmetJack.
強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的8個(gè)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)
一、關(guān)于結(jié)構(gòu)中的that
此結(jié)構(gòu)中,除強(qiáng)調(diào)的是作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的人時(shí)可以用who外,其它任何情況都只能用that。如:
ItwasKatethat/whotoldmeaboutit.是凱特告訴那件事的。
Itwasyesterdayafternoonthatshetoldmeaboutit.是昨天下午她把那件事告訴我的。(that不能用when替代)
二、關(guān)于結(jié)構(gòu)中be的形式
原句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去式,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的be用is,原句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的be用was。如:
Itishethatlikesplayinggames.是他喜歡打游戲。
Itistomorrowthatwewillhaveameeting.是明天我們要開(kāi)會(huì)。
注:be有時(shí)與表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。如:
ItmustbeJohnthat/whocleanedtheroom.一定是約翰打掃房間的。
三、關(guān)于主謂一致問(wèn)題
被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是原句的主語(yǔ)時(shí),要注意that/who后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與原句主語(yǔ)一致。如:
ItisIthatamintrouble.是我陷入了困境。
Itisyouthatarewrong.是你錯(cuò)了。
四、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的省略式
—Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?誰(shuí)在花園里吵鬧?
—Itisthechildren.就是那些小孩呀。(=Itisthechildrenthataremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden.)
五、如何強(qiáng)調(diào)否定句
要將not一同強(qiáng)調(diào),構(gòu)成Itis/wasnot…that…
Itisnothethat/whostudiesFrench.學(xué)法語(yǔ)的不是他。(原句:Hedoesn’tstudyFrench.)
六、如何強(qiáng)調(diào)雙賓語(yǔ)
無(wú)論強(qiáng)調(diào)哪個(gè)賓語(yǔ),都必須根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的搭配關(guān)系,加上to或for。如:
原句:HegaveMaryapen.
強(qiáng)調(diào)直接賓語(yǔ):ItwasMarythathegaveapento.
強(qiáng)調(diào)間接賓語(yǔ):ItwasapenthathegavetoMary.
七、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的語(yǔ)序
要與陳述句語(yǔ)序相同。如:
Idon’tknowwhereitisthathehasgone.我不知道他去哪里了。
八、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)與類(lèi)似句型的區(qū)別
判斷是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的方法是:去掉itis/was和that后,剩余部分(經(jīng)調(diào)整后)是否依然是個(gè)完整的句子,若是,就是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu),否則就不是。
Itisapitythatyoucouldnotcome.真遺憾,你不能來(lái)。(去掉Itis和that后,句子不成立,是形式主語(yǔ)句型)
Itwasattenthathegothome.他是十點(diǎn)回到家的。(去掉itwas和that后,原句可調(diào)整為Hegothomeatten.句子完整正確,故這是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu))
7).it短語(yǔ)
makeit①成功,做到,趕上②約定:Let’smakeitnextweek
asitis①用于句前表“事實(shí)上”②用于句末,“照原樣”
Leavethechairasitis.讓這椅子照原樣放著.
asitwere可以說(shuō),在某種程度上.Heis,asitwere,awalkingdictionary
Seetoitthat注意,留神,負(fù)責(zé)Seetoitthateverythingisready.
四、it常考察句型
1.Itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that... 如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后,應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無(wú)缺的句子。這也是判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與其它從句的方法。
ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.
=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafamousfilmstar.
=Ididntrealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses
2.Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain…)that…
Itisveryclearthathesroundandtalllikeatree.
=Thathesroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.
3.Itissuggested(ordered,required...)that...
4.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that...
該句型中that后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,值得注意的是①常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬.②有時(shí)也用should+動(dòng)詞原形,should不能省。常譯為“是(正是)……的時(shí)侯……”。
Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.
=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.
5.Itisthefirst(second…)timethat…
該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)。該句型中的that從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,而用完成時(shí)態(tài)。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài),由主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài);如果是一般過(guò)去時(shí),后面從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中that可以省去;it有時(shí)用this替換,常譯為“是第一(二)……次……”。
ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.
6.Itis…since...
該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí),又要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用的問(wèn)題。主句中是時(shí)間作表語(yǔ),其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí),since引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.
7.Itis...when...
該句型中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,主句中的it指時(shí)間,表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。常譯為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候,是……”。
Itwas5oclockwhenhecamehere.
8.Itbe...before...
該句型主句中的it指時(shí)間,主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是將來(lái)一般時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài).主句中的表語(yǔ)多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語(yǔ)。常譯為“……之后……”。
Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.
Itwillbenotlongbeforehefinisheshisjob.
9.Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that...
該句型中it是形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句,主句中的happen,seem等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞.
Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.
Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.
10.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.
該句型中的it作形式賓語(yǔ)。為了記憶方便我們可稱(chēng)該句型為:
6123結(jié)構(gòu)
6指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞:think,believe,make,find,consider,feel;
1指的是形式賓語(yǔ)it;
2指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式:形容詞或名詞;
3指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式:不定式短語(yǔ),動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句?!?br>
Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.
HefeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.
Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwoday
(2011遼寧卷)27.-Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?
-,thankyou.Ivejusthadsomewater.
A.EitherB.BothC.AnyD.Neither
答案本題考查代詞的基本用法。根據(jù)句意回答者已經(jīng)喝過(guò)水了,所以應(yīng)該用neither表明兩者都不要。
(2011重慶卷)27.——Sillyme!Ifoegetwhatmyluggagelookslike.
——Whatdoyouthinkofoverthere?
A.theoneB.thisC.itD.that
答案本題考查代詞it、one和that表示指代時(shí)的區(qū)別。It表同物特指,one表同類(lèi)泛指,theone表特指,that指代上文中提到的不可數(shù)名詞的同類(lèi)。
(10福建)
22.WhenyouintroducemetoMr.Johnson,couldyoupleasesayforme?
A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing中學(xué)學(xué)科網(wǎng)
22.答案:C
考點(diǎn):考查不定代詞的辨析
解析:句子的意思是當(dāng)你向Mr.John介紹我的時(shí)候,你可以為我說(shuō)一些好話(huà)嗎?A.everything所有的;B.anything任何事;Dnothing什么也沒(méi)有C.something表示一些,某些
(10上海)27.Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewontlearntodependon
A.themselvesB.themC.usD.ourselves
答案:D
考點(diǎn):本題考查反身代詞
解析:主語(yǔ)為we,因此應(yīng)為ourselves.dependononeself:自力更生。根據(jù)句意,選D。
(10安徽)21.Youareateamstar!Workingwith_______isreallyyourcupoftea.
A.bothB.eitherC.othersD.theother
答案:C.
考點(diǎn):本題考查不定代詞的用法。
解析:句意為“你是球隊(duì)明星!與他人合作必須是你喜歡做的事?!绷?xí)語(yǔ)“one’scupoftea”意為“thetypeofthingorpersonthatyoulike”。
(10山東)32.Helpingothersisahabit,_______youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.
A.itB.thatC.whatD.one
答案:D
考點(diǎn):本題考查代詞的用法。
解析:句意應(yīng)為“幫助別人是一種習(xí)慣,一個(gè)你在很小時(shí)就能學(xué)會(huì)的習(xí)慣?!笨崭裉幣c前句中的habit構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系,所以選擇D項(xiàng)。句中youcanlearnevenatanearlyage是省略了關(guān)系代詞that的定語(yǔ)從句,that在定語(yǔ)從句中作learn的賓語(yǔ)使用。
(10天津)
6.inmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalaceMuseum.
A.AnythingB.NothingC.EverythingD.Something
答案:B.
考點(diǎn):考查復(fù)合不定代詞的用法。
句意:我一生中什么都沒(méi)有我第一次參觀(guān)故宮給我的印象更深刻。
解析:nothing用于句中表示否定意義,而其他三個(gè)詞則表示肯定意義。
(陜西)12.ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXi’anishigherthan____inanyotherareaofthecity.
A.thatB.thisC.itD.one
12.答案:A.
考點(diǎn):考查代詞。
解析:所填詞用于比較狀語(yǔ)從句中,指代句子的主語(yǔ)cost,即指代不可數(shù)名詞,用that。This指代下文即將提到的事物;it指代“同一物”;one指代“同類(lèi)中的一個(gè)”之意。
(10四川)
7.OnmydeskisaphotothatmyfathertookofwhenIwasababy.
A.himB.hisC.meD.mine
答案:C
考點(diǎn):考查代詞。
解析:takeaphotoofsb意為給某人照相,此處應(yīng)用人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格。正確答案為C。
(10全國(guó)Ⅱ)12.Neithersideispreparedtotalkto_________unlesswecansmooththingsoverbetweenthem.
A.othersB.theotherC.anotherD.oneother
答案:B
考點(diǎn):不定代詞考查。
解析:Neither含有“兩者都不”之意,一方對(duì)應(yīng)另一方,故用theother指“兩者中的另一個(gè)”。
(10重慶)23.Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfoundofthemagain.
A.neitherB.eitherC.eachD.all
23.答案B
考點(diǎn):考查代詞。
解析:由“histemperandhealth”可以排除C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng),由后面的never表否定,選either,nevereither是全部否定,相當(dāng)于neither。
25.Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedforsuggestions______hadusedtheproducts.
A.whateverB.whoC.whicheverD.which
25.答案A
考點(diǎn):考查關(guān)系代詞。
解析:______hadusedtheproducts。是個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,從句中缺少主語(yǔ),并且指人,所以用whoever.
(10江西)34Nowadayssomehospitalsrefertopatients______name,notcasenumber.
AofBasCbyDwith
答案:C.
考點(diǎn):考察介詞
解析:方式方法可以用by也可以用with,by+n(方式),with+修飾詞+n(工具).
(10浙江)14.that’simportantisthatyouaredoingyourbestandmovingintherightdirection.
A.OneB.AllC.EverythingD.Anything
答案:B
考點(diǎn):本題考查不定代詞。
解析:分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境:重要的是你正在努力并且朝著正確的方向前行。從而判斷此處選擇all意思最合適
(10全國(guó)Ⅱ)14.Thedoctorthought___________wouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.
A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it
答案:D
解析:考查It的用法。It的兩個(gè)重要用法是作形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)。本題考查形式賓語(yǔ),it在這里代指后面的真正賓語(yǔ)tohaveaholiday。
(10遼寧)33.Thefactthatshewasforeignmade_____difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry
AsoB.muchC.thatD.it
答案:D
句意:她是外國(guó)人的事實(shí)使得她在哪個(gè)國(guó)家很難找到工作。
解析:考查it的用法。句中forhertogetajobinthatcountry是動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)做made的賓語(yǔ),difficult是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),此處要用it做形式賓語(yǔ),其他詞沒(méi)有這種用法。
(2011全國(guó)卷II)11.Igotthisbicyclefor______;myfriendgaveittomewhensheboughtanewone.
A.everythingB.somethingC.a(chǎn)nythingD.nothing
(2011北京卷)34.Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincrease___.
A.themB.thoseC.itD.that
(2011上海卷)26.Tostayawake,hefinishedacupofcoffeeandordered______.
A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.a(chǎn)nother
(2011山東卷)24.Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind______difficulttotellonefromtheother.
A.itB.themC.herD.that
(2011江西卷)25.Whydon’tyoubring______tohisattention.
A.thatB.itC.hisD.him
(2011安徽卷)22.Surprisingly,Susan’sbeautifulhairreachedbelowherkneesandmade_____almostanovercoatforher.
A.themB.herC.itselfD.herself
(2011福建卷)21.Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays,youcanchoose____basedonyourowninterests.
A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it
(2011四川卷)3.Thereis_____inhiswords.Weshouldhaveatry.
A.somethingB.a(chǎn)nythingC.nothingD.everything
(2011遼寧卷)27.-Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?
-______,thankyou.Ivejusthadsomewater.
A.EitherB.BothC.AnyD.Neither
(2011天津卷)1.Wefeel______ourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.
A.itB.thisC.thatD.one
(2011陜西卷)16.-Wouldyougetmeabarofchocolatefromthekitchen,dear?
-____one?
A.OtherB.EveryC.AnotherD.More
(2011重慶卷)27.——Sillyme!Iforgetwhatmyluggagelookslike.
——Whatdoyouthinkof______overthere?
A.theoneB.thisC.itD.that
(2011湖南卷)24.Iknowthat_____wouldeverdiscouragehim;hewouldnevergiveupwantingtobeadirector.
A.somethingB.a(chǎn)nythingC.everythingD.nothing
1.DoyoureallybelievethatMr.Whitehasblamedusfortheaccident,especially________?
A.youandmeB.IandyouC.youandID.youandwe
2.—Daddy,whichofthesesmarthatsdoyoulikebestinthehatshop?
—________.Theyarebothexpensiveandlesswarm-keeping.
A.EitherB.NothingC.NeitherD.None
3.Attheshop,theywantedtoshowmeallthedresses,butIwasinterestedonlyin________inthewindow.
A.thisB.thatC.itD.theone
4.Hisearliestplaysareexcellent,buthislatestoneis________.
A.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothing
5.—Did________ofyourparentscometoattendtheopeningceremony?
—________ofthemcame.
A.any;NoneB.any;Neither
C.either;NeitherD.either;Any
6.—WhatcanIdoforyou?
—I’dliketobuyabook,________thatwaswrittenbyLuXun.
A.whichB.oneC.butD.all
7.SomeofthewheatcamefromCanada.Howabout________?
A.anotherB.theothersC.theotherD.therest
8.—Doyouhave________athomenow,Stella?
—No,westillhavetogetseveralpoundsoffruitandsometea.
A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD.anything
9.Iwon’ttrusthim.Hesaysonethingtoyourfacebutdoes________behindyourback.
A.otherB.theotherC.theothersD.another
10.OfallthemoviesHepbummade________ismorememorablethan“BreakfastatTiffany’s”.
A.fewB.littleC.nooneD.none
11.—DoyoumindifCharlieborrowsafewhundreddollarsfromyou?
—I’mafraidIdo.I’llbegladtolendmoneyto________butCharlie.
A.someoneB.everyoneC.anyoneD.noone
12.Theboyspentasmuchtimeplayingcomputergamesashe________studying.
A.doesB.wasC.hadD.did
13.—IwanttohavemyCDplayerfixed,butIcan’tfindarepairshop.
—Oh,Iknow________.Comeon,I’lltakeyouthere.
A.oneB.theoneC.onesD.many
14.Willyouseeto________thattheflowersarewellprotectedduringtherainyseason?
A.itB.meC./D.yourself
15.—Hehastwobrothersandthreesisters.Doyouknow________ofthem?
—No,Iknow________ofthem.
A.some;noneB.any;some
C.any;noneD.either;some
16.Don’tleaveyourkeysinthecar.Someonemightsteal________.
A.oneB.thatC.thisD.it
17.I’velostmypen.Ican’tfinditanywhere,soIhavetobuy________afterschool.
A.itB.oneC.thisD.that
18.________intheofficehadmadeamistake,andthefirmregrettedcausingthecustomerinconvenience.
A.SomeoneB.AnyoneC.EveryoneD.Noone
19.—CanIhelpyou?
—I’dliketobuyapresentformyfather’sbirthday,________ataproperprice,butofgreatuse.
A.thatB.anyoneC.oneD.everything
20.ThecrueltyoftheGermanstowardstheJewsand________oftheJapanesetowardstheirprisoners,filled________withhorror.
A.those;someoneB.that;everyone
C.it;nooneD.this;anyone
21.—Johnson,there’realotofchairsoverthere.Goandfetch________forme.
—Why________?Mikeissittingtheredoingnothing.
A.one;meB.that;notheC.it;nothimD.some;I
22.Hecaressolittleabouthismealsthat________willdosolongasitfillshisstomach.
A.everythingB.somethingC.anythingD.nothing
23.Iwantedsometea,buttherewas________leftintheteapot.
A.noneB.anyC.nothingD.some
24.—Whatanamazingfilm!It’sthemostinterestingfilmI’veeverseen.
—ButI’msureitwon’tinterest________.
A.somebodyB.anybodyC.everybodyD.nobody
25.—Haveyoufinishedyourworkyet?
—No,I’llfinishitin________fifteenminutes.
A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.less
1.A.要選的代詞作動(dòng)詞blame的賓語(yǔ),當(dāng)然要用人稱(chēng)代詞的賓格,故選A。
2.D.由best可知,該處的hat應(yīng)有三頂或三頂以上,排除指兩者的A和C。另請(qǐng)注意:后文的both不是指hat,both…and…既(昂貴)又(不保暖)。nothing意為“沒(méi)有任何東西、無(wú)物”,意義不通。none指三者或三者以上“一個(gè)也不”。
3.D.theone替代thedress。(from)
4.D.此處nothing意為“微不足道的(ofnoimportance),無(wú)價(jià)值的(worthless)”;something某事物、重要的或了不起的人或事物;anything任何事物、重要的人或事物;everything每件東西、最重要的事物。
5.C.兩者:“都”用both,“任一”用either,“一個(gè)都不”用neither;多者:“都”用all,“任一”用any,“一個(gè)都不”用none。由yourparents可知,是指兩者,故選C。
6.B.one替代abook,作前面abook的同位語(yǔ),后面thatwaswrittenbyLuXun是修飾one的定語(yǔ)從句。
7.D.another,theother(s)只能替代可數(shù)名詞,而therest既可替代可數(shù)名詞又可替代不可數(shù)名詞。句中要替代的wheat,是不可數(shù)名詞,所以只有D正確。
8.B.語(yǔ)境題,幾個(gè)答案似乎都可用于疑問(wèn)句中。但根據(jù)still,說(shuō)明已有一些東西了,只是還需要幾鎊水果和一些茶,所以用everything,問(wèn)的是否齊全。
9.D.此句中的another指“另一件事、另一套”,并非特指。theother指“(兩者中的)另外那一個(gè)”,theothers指“其余的那一些”均為特指;無(wú)冠詞的單數(shù)other,只能在名詞前作定語(yǔ),故不能選A、B和C。
10.D.不難看出要選的代詞是指movie,首先排除只能指代不可數(shù)名詞的little。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞is,不能用復(fù)數(shù)few作主語(yǔ),排除A。而noone(=nobody)只能指人,因此,只有D正確。
11.C.由I’mafraidIdo.可知,我把錢(qián)借給除Charlie外的任何人,就是不借給他。
12.D.因?yàn)閐o可以用來(lái)替代動(dòng)詞,以避免重復(fù);句中did替代spent。
13.A.因?yàn)橐馑际恰拔抑酪患业赇仭?;one用來(lái)替代“a+名詞”,指同類(lèi)事物中的一個(gè),在此句中替代arepairshop。
14.A.因?yàn)閟eetoitthat…是習(xí)語(yǔ),與makesurethat…相當(dāng),意思是“務(wù)必要…”。
15.C.因?yàn)橹溉呋蛉咭陨现械摹叭魏我粋€(gè)”用any,“一個(gè)也不”用none。
16.D.因?yàn)橹概c前面提到的是同一物時(shí),用it,此處it替代thecar。
17.B.因?yàn)閛ne用來(lái)替代“a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”指同類(lèi)事物中的一個(gè),此處one替代apen。
18.A.因?yàn)閟omeone在此指辦公室里的“某一個(gè)人”。
19.C.因?yàn)閛ne在題中替代apresent,并作apresent的同位語(yǔ)。(from)
20.B.因?yàn)橹竿?lèi)事物,又是替代不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),只能用that,此處that替代thecruelty。everyone意為“每個(gè)人、大家”。
21.A.因?yàn)榇颂巓ne替代achair;又因?yàn)樵诤?jiǎn)略回答中習(xí)慣上用賓格。
22.C.因?yàn)閍nything是“無(wú)論何物”之意,與語(yǔ)境相符。
23.A.區(qū)分:none一點(diǎn)也沒(méi)有;nothing沒(méi)有任何東西。
24.C.因?yàn)閎oth,every等與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定;not…everybody是“并非每一個(gè)人”之意。句意是:我相信這部電影不會(huì)使每個(gè)人都感興趣。
25.A.表示“另外十五分鐘”用:anotherfifteenminutes=fifteenotherminutes=fifteenmoreminutes。
1.NewEnglish-ChineseDictionaryhasbeenrepublishedseveraltimes,_____moreuptodatethanthelastedition.
A.anyB.everyoneC.eitherD.each
2.Afterpaying1,000dollars_____,youllallbecomefullmembersofourclub.
A.eachB.allC.everyD.both
3._____washercrueltythatweallhatedher.
A.ItB.WhatC.ThatD.Such
4.Maryhasbeenillinbedforaweek.Iwonderifsheis_____betternow.
A.muchB.someC.anyD.very
5.-Whichofthesetwotieswillyoutake?-Idontlikethese.Doyouhaveany_____?
A.oneB.otherC.onesD.others
6.Idratherrideabikeasbikeridinghas_____ofthetroubleoftakingbuses.
A.muchB.allC.neitherD.none
7.Ineedsomeblueinktodaybutthereis_____athand.
A.notB.nothingC.alittleD.none
8.Ifoundtheverywatchofmine_____Ihadleft_____.
A.where,itB.that,it
C.which,oneD.where,one
9.Ihaventgottimetogetthetickets.Whosgoingto____?
A.dosoB.doitC.buyitD.dothem
10.-JackcertainlyhasahighopinionofSusan.
Itcantbebetterthan_____ofhim.
A.hersB.sheC.thatD.her
11.-Shallweintroduce____fire-fightingequipmentfromabroad?-Goahead,ifnecessary.
A.otherB.afewmoreC.anotherD.someother
12.-Howaboutthepriceoftheserefrigerators?-Theyareequalinpriceto,ifnotcheaperthan,_____attheotherstores.
A.othersB.itC.thatD.theones
13.-Idislike_____whenotherslaughatmeinpublicorspeakillofmebehind.
-SodoI.
A.themB.thoseC.itD.that
14.-Whichdoyouprefer,classicalmusicorpopmusic? -_____.Ipreferfolkmusic.
A.EitherB.BothC.NoneD.Neither
15.WhydontyoutrustanduseoldTom?Heisstillasstrongas_____intheteam.
A.nobodyB.anybodyelse
C.everybodyD.somebodyelse
16.-Arethenewmethodstakinganyeffect?-Yes,_____articlesarestolenfromoursupermarket.
A.fewB.moreC.someD.none
17.Duringthemeetingayoungmancriedoutsuddenlyandthrewhisnotebookatthechairman,_____broughttheroomtodisorder.
A.itB.andwhichC.andthatD.this
18.IvejustseennomorethanonecopyofGonewiththeWindinthebookshopopposite.Tom,goandbuy_____back.
A.oneB.anyC.itD.some
19.-Doyouhave_____athomenow?-No,westillhavetogetscoresofeggsandsomevegetables.
A.nothingB.everything
C.anythingD.something
20.Nancyisexpectinganotherbabyandhopes_____willbeaboy.
A.heB.thatC.itD.there
21.Surelyits_____withthebignoseyoumean,not____!
A.he,IB.him,meC.him,ID.he,me
22.Thetemperaturecanfallto–30℃._____is,30°Cbelowfreezingpoint.
A.WhichB.ItC.ThatD.This
23.-Theexamwaseasy,wasntit?
-Yes,butIdontthink_____couldpassit.
A.somebody B.everybody
C.anybodyD.nobody
24.Cuttheappleintohalvessothatthetwinsmayeachget_____half.
A.everyB.eachC.anotherD.either
25._____ofuscandoeverything,butallofuscando_____.
A.None,somethingB.Some,everything
C.Few,somethingD.Few,nothing
26.-MayIhelpyouwithsomegloves,sir?
-Yes,Idliketotrythoseblue____.
A.oneB.onesC.pairD.two
27.Ofallmyfriends_____willbeabletopersuadeTomtochangehismind.Heissofirmuponit.
A.noneB.nobody C.neither D.noone
28.-Ishecontenttoacceptourofferedprice?
-Yes.Hecaresmoreaboutthequality.Moneyis_____tohim.
A.everything B.anything
C.nothingD.something
29.Ihavenoideawhichwasbetter,soItook____ofthem.
A.bothB.noneC.allD.any
30.Youmustntalwaysdo_____asheasksyoutodo.Hemaybewrongsometimes.
A.anythingB.something
C.nothingD.everything
31.Imnopainter,andtome,onepaintingismuchlike.
A.anotherB.theotherC.othersD.one
32.Ididntwanteitherof____hatsandaskedthesalesmantoshowme_____.
A.those,anotherB.two,theother
C.all,theothersD.both,others
33.Thechildrenwerecatchingbutterfliesinthegarden.Somecaughtalot,andotherscaught_atall.
A.nothingB.noneC.nooneD.neither
34.Thankyouverymuchindeed.Thats_____ofyou.
A.kindestB.mostkind
C.thekinderD.themostkind
35.Jackisaverylikablefellow,butIvelearnedtotake_____hesayswithagrainofsalt.
A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything
36.-Iloveyoumorethanher,child.-Youmeanmorethan____loveherormorethansheloves____?
A.you,meB.I,youC.you,youD.I,me
KEY:
1.D2.A3.D4.C5.D6.D7.D8.A9.B10.A11.D12.D13.C14.D15.B16.A17.C18.C19.B20.C21.B22.C23.B24.D25.A26.B27.A28.C29.A30.D 31.A32.A33.B34.B35.D36.A
高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)教案:定語(yǔ)從句
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2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)教案:定語(yǔ)從句
定語(yǔ)從句要點(diǎn)概述:1.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別。當(dāng)先行詞是時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)時(shí),如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞when,where還是which或that;2.when,where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別;3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)鍵要找準(zhǔn)先行詞或定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的固定搭配;4.that,which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別;5.as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句;6.such---as與such---that的區(qū)別;thesame----as/that的用法;7.theway作先行詞時(shí)用that/inwhich引導(dǎo)或省略that或inwhich;8.that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。
對(duì)于定語(yǔ)從句考綱要求掌握以下內(nèi)容:1.引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞;2.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞;3.限制性與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別;4.介詞+關(guān)系代詞的用法;5.不定代詞/數(shù)詞+ofwhich/whom引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句及其該結(jié)構(gòu)與并列句的判斷;6.關(guān)系詞之間的異同現(xiàn)象及選用。
定語(yǔ)從句是高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重要語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目之一,在高考各個(gè)題型中都有可能會(huì)涉及到。它的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法比較復(fù)雜,是高中階段英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)重點(diǎn),也是高考英語(yǔ)??嫉囊粋€(gè)考點(diǎn),是歷年高考的熱點(diǎn),掌握定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)于語(yǔ)言理解和運(yùn)用具有重要的意義。對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句的考查角度較多,分析近幾年的高考試題發(fā)現(xiàn):從從句類(lèi)型上看,考查非限制定語(yǔ)從句,限制性定語(yǔ)從句;從關(guān)系詞上看,關(guān)系代詞which,關(guān)系副詞where,關(guān)系副詞when均有考查;從介詞+關(guān)系代詞方面,也有涉及。當(dāng)然不管從那個(gè)方面考查,只要弄清定語(yǔ)從句的有關(guān)概念就可以“以不變應(yīng)萬(wàn)變”。因此教師在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)備考中要注意:
1.了解有關(guān)定語(yǔ)從句的所有語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,弄清從句中關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別。
2.分清及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞,判斷句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整,注意句子中逗號(hào)的語(yǔ)法作用。
3.注意先行詞的特殊性和關(guān)系代詞的選擇,依據(jù)先行詞來(lái)選擇“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
4.加強(qiáng)有關(guān)定語(yǔ)從句的理解和練習(xí)。
定語(yǔ)從句
用來(lái)說(shuō)明主句中某一名詞或代詞(有時(shí)也可說(shuō)明整個(gè)主句或主句中一部分)而起定語(yǔ)作用的句子叫作定語(yǔ)從句。
一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1.關(guān)系代詞用來(lái)指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞
句子成分 用于限制從句或非限制性從句只用于限制性從句
代替人代替物代替人或物
主語(yǔ) Who which that
主語(yǔ) Whom which that
賓語(yǔ) Whose(=ofwhom)whose(=ofwhich)
ThisisthedetectivewhocamefromLondon.
ThebookwhichIamreadingiswrittenbyTomasHardy.
Thedeskwhoselegisbrokenisveryold.
ThisistheroomthatShakespearewasbornin.
2.關(guān)系代詞的用法
(1)如果先行詞是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞,關(guān)系代詞一般只用that,不用which.例如:
Allthepeoplethatarepresentburstintotears.
(2)如果先等詞被形容詞最高級(jí)以及first,last,any,only,few,mush,no,some,very等詞修飾,關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which,who,或whom.例如:
(3)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,不能用關(guān)系代詞that,作賓語(yǔ)用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例如:
Thereareaboutsevenmillionpeopletakingpartinthe
election,mostofwhom、arewelleducated.
(4)which還有一種特殊用法,它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個(gè)主句,代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中,which可以作主語(yǔ),也可以作賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),多數(shù)情況下意思是與andthis相似,并可以指人。例如:
Hesucceededinthecompetition,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.
(5)that可指人或物,在從句中作表語(yǔ),(指人作主語(yǔ)時(shí)多用who)僅用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。
(6)which可作表語(yǔ),既可指人,以可指物。指人時(shí),一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有種特征。品性或才能的人。Which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。
(7)如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體,關(guān)系代詞用which;若是指集體中的各個(gè)成員,則用who.
(8)先行詞有兩個(gè),一個(gè)指人,一個(gè)指物,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用that.例如:
Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.
(9)如果先行詞是anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用who或whom,不用which.例如:
Isthereanyoneherewhowillgowithyou?
3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”是一個(gè)普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)
(1)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句?!敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是
in,on,about,from,for,with,toat,of,without等,關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或
which,不可用that.
(2)fromwhere為“介詞+關(guān)系副詞”結(jié)構(gòu),但也可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。例如:
Westoodatthetopofthehill,fromwherewecanseethetown…
(3)像listento,lookat,dependon,payattentionto,takecare
of等固定短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中一般不宜將介詞與動(dòng)詞分開(kāi)。例如:
Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.
二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1.關(guān)系副詞也可以引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句
關(guān)系副詞在從句中分別表示時(shí)間。地點(diǎn)或原因。關(guān)系副詞when在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),where充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),why充當(dāng)原因狀語(yǔ)。
2.that可引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間。地點(diǎn)或原因
That有時(shí)可以代替關(guān)系副詞when,where或者why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間。地點(diǎn)或原因,在that引導(dǎo)的這種定語(yǔ)從句中,that也可以省去。
三、限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
1.二者差異比較
限制定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞,同先行詞這間一般不加逗號(hào),僅修飾先行詞,可以由關(guān)系代詞。關(guān)系副詞或that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句僅作補(bǔ)充或說(shuō)明,用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi),既可修飾先行詞,又可修飾整個(gè)主句,不可用that引導(dǎo)。
2.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據(jù)
(1)弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語(yǔ)的應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞,作主語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)的可選用關(guān)系代詞。
3.先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句隔離
定語(yǔ)從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后,但定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間有時(shí)也會(huì)插入別的成分,構(gòu)成先行詞與定語(yǔ)從句的隔離。例如:
1)ThisisthearticlewrittenbyhimthatIspoketoyouabout……
2)Hewastheonlypersoninthiscountrywhowasinvited
四、as在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法
1.引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
(1)as多與such或thesame連用,可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。
(2)as也可單獨(dú)使用,引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,作用相當(dāng)于which.例如:
Theelephantsnoseislikeasnake,asanybodycansee.
(3)thesame---that與thesame---as在意思上是不同的。
2.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的位置
as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句位置較靈活,可以位于主句前面。中間或后面,一般用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi),但which所引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。例如:
(1)Asisexpected,theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch.
(2)Theearthrunsaroundthesun,asisknownbyeveryone.
3.as,which的比較
1).在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,均可替代整個(gè)主句或句中某個(gè)部分,在從句中作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),表語(yǔ).如從句在主句之后,兩者皆可用
Theyfailedintheexam,as/whichisnatural.
Sheseemsascientist,as/whichinfactsheis.
Grammarisnotasetofdeadrules,which/asIhavesaidbefore.
2).如從句在主句之前,用as
Asweallknow,hisparentswerekilledinthiswar.
Asisknowntoall,theearthtravelsaroundthesun.
3).如關(guān)系代詞代表主句全句意思,有“正如...”“就象...”之意時(shí),用as
Wewonthematch,aswehadexpected.
Heagreedtotheplan,aswastobeexpected.
4).當(dāng)先行項(xiàng)被thesame,such,so修飾時(shí),用as
Thisisthesamebookasyouboughtyesterday.同類(lèi)書(shū)(比較:Thisisthe
samebookthatyouboughtyesterday.同一本書(shū))
Don’tbelieveinsuchmenaspraiseyoutoyourface.
Inevergivemystudentssodifficultaquestionasnoonecanwork
out.
5).當(dāng)從句內(nèi)容對(duì)主句內(nèi)容起消極作用,則用which
Theyoungmancheatedhisfriendoutofmuchmoney,whichwasdisgraced.
6).as也可以用來(lái)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,用來(lái)指待一件事,這時(shí)它的位置可以放在句首、句中和句尾。
HeisanAmerican,as/whichweknowfromhisaccent.
Asweknowfromhisaccent,heisanAmerican.
He,asweknowfromhisaccent,isanAmerican.
Ashasbeensaidabove,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.
Grammar,ashasbeensaidabove,isnotasetofrules.
Grammarisnotasetofdeadrules,as/whichhasbeensaidabove.
正如:Aseveryoneknows,asyoumaystillremember,asyousaid,asI
cansee,ashasbeenmentionedabove,asyoumayhaveheard,andetc.
高考英語(yǔ)第二輪冠詞備考復(fù)習(xí)教案
衛(wèi)輝一中高三二輪備考抓分點(diǎn)透析之英語(yǔ)
冠詞
高考對(duì)冠詞的考查主要體現(xiàn)在:1、冠詞(a、an、the的基本用法);2、零冠詞的情況;3、固定搭配中有無(wú)冠詞的區(qū)別。
分析今年高考試題,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)高考設(shè)題越來(lái)越注重情境干擾,注重特定語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中上下文的聯(lián)系,題干的語(yǔ)義環(huán)境起非常重要的作用。并且現(xiàn)在也不再著重冠詞的考查。因此預(yù)測(cè):高考對(duì)冠詞的考查還將是側(cè)重具體語(yǔ)境中冠詞的基本用法。
[概述]冠詞是虛詞,不能單獨(dú)使用,位于名詞前,幫助指明名詞的含義。
(一)、不定冠詞a和an的用法
基本用法
(1)、用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示某一類(lèi)人或事物中的個(gè)體。
Ateachershouldn’ttalklikethat.
教師不應(yīng)當(dāng)這樣講話(huà)。
(2)、用于表示首次提到的某人或某物,但沒(méi)有具體說(shuō)明是誰(shuí)或是什么。(短文改錯(cuò)中常出現(xiàn))
(3)、用來(lái)表示“一”的概念,但不如one的數(shù)字概念強(qiáng)。
Ittookmeayeartosaveupforanewcoat.
我用了一年時(shí)間才省出錢(qián)買(mǎi)一件新大衣。
特殊用法
(1)、表示價(jià)錢(qián)、時(shí)間、速度等的“每一”(=per)。
----It’ssaidJohnwillbeinajobpayingover,000______year.
----Right,hewillalsogetpaidby______week.(2011江西卷)
A.the;theB.a(chǎn);theC.the;aD.a(chǎn);a
(2)、在專(zhuān)有名詞前表示“某一個(gè)”、“類(lèi)似的一個(gè)”。
Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthat________peoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor________newJiangsu.[2010江蘇]
A./;aB./;theC.the;aD.the;the
Expertsthinkthat______recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe______Picasso.(2011浙江卷)
A.the;不填B.a(chǎn);theC.a(chǎn);不填D.the;a
(3)、用于序數(shù)詞前表示“又一”、“再一”。
Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youneverget________secondchancetomake________firstimpression.[2010北京]
A.a(chǎn);theB.the;theC.a(chǎn);aD.the;a
(4)、用于具體化了的抽象名詞前。
Generosityisavirtue.慷慨是一種美德。
(5)、在某些物質(zhì)名詞前表示一杯/罐/瓶/場(chǎng)/陣/種等。
Therewasaheavysnowyesterday.昨天下了一場(chǎng)大雪。
(6)、用于most前,表示“非常”“很”等。
Thisisamostinterestingstory.
這是一個(gè)非常有趣的故事。
(7)、有的不可數(shù)名詞或本來(lái)應(yīng)該帶定冠詞(the)的名詞,由于受定語(yǔ)(尤其是形容詞)的修飾,其前一般要用不定冠詞或改用不定冠詞,表示某種狀態(tài),此時(shí)的不定冠詞通常含有akindof的意思。如:
havebreakfast吃早餐→haveaquickbreakfast吃快餐
theworld世界→aworldlikeours像我們這樣的世界
有些不可數(shù)名詞即使受形容詞的修飾也不能用不定冠詞,容易弄錯(cuò)的有:news,advice,luck,fortune,work,fun,weather,homework,housework,information,behavior,harm,damage,progress,furniture,baggage,luggage,poetry,scenery等?!?br>
Wecanneverexpectbluerskyunlesswecreatelesspollutedworld.(09安徽)u))
A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;theks5
(8)、兩個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用表示一個(gè)整體時(shí),只用一個(gè)不定冠詞。
Heisateacherandpoet.他既是老師又是詩(shī)人。
There’sahorseandcartontheroad.路上有1輛馬車(chē)。
(9)、與副詞quite,rather連用時(shí),a(an)一般要后置。如:
這次聚會(huì)很成功。
誤:Thepartywasaquitesuccess.
正:Thepartywasquiteasuccess.
但若其后的名詞前有形容詞修飾,則a(an)放在quite/rather之前或之后均可以。如:
這是一個(gè)頗為悲慘的故事。
正:It’sratherasadstory.
正:It’sarathersadstory
(10)、用于what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中
Whatpitythatyoucouldn’tbetheretoreceiveprize!(09陜西)
A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the
(二)、定冠詞的用法
基本用法
(1)、特指上文已經(jīng)提到過(guò)的人或物。(常用語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò))
(2)、指談話(huà)雙方都熟悉的人或物。(常用語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò))
(3)、用來(lái)特指某(些)人或某(些)物。所特指的人或物常被短語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)從句修飾。
1.ThethemeofExpo2010was“BetterCity,BetterLife”,representing________commonwishofthewholehumankindfor________betterlivinginfutureurbanenvironments.
A.the;aB.a(chǎn);aC./;theD.the;/
(4)、用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前,表示該類(lèi)事物,相當(dāng)于a。
(5)、用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。
特殊用法
(1)、序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前通常要用定冠詞,副詞最高級(jí)前可用定冠詞;比較級(jí)若表特指也要用定冠詞限制。
Asisknowtoall,People’sRepublicofChinaisBiggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.(2011陜西卷)
A.the;不填B.不填;theC.the;theD.不填;不填
注:表示名次的序數(shù)詞前的定冠詞以及副詞最高級(jí)前的定冠詞通常可以省略。
(2)、用于某些專(zhuān)有名詞前如用于河流、海洋、山川、海島、海峽、沙漠等專(zhuān)有名詞前,以及用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成(或含有普通名詞)的專(zhuān)有名詞如國(guó)名、地名、團(tuán)體、機(jī)構(gòu)、黨派、報(bào)紙、雜志、事件、建筑物等前如:
theYellowRiver黃河theRedSea紅海
theIndianOcean印度洋theTaiwanStraits臺(tái)灣海峽
theSahara(Desert)撒哈拉大沙漠theUnitedStates美國(guó)
theTimes泰晤士報(bào)theGreatWall長(zhǎng)城
theGreatCulturalRevolution文化大革命
注:表示湖泊的專(zhuān)有名詞前通常不加定冠詞,但對(duì)于中國(guó)的湖泊則習(xí)慣上要加定冠詞,如theDongtingLake(洞庭湖)。
(3)、定冠詞有時(shí)可用于表示姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前,表示全家人或全家中兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人。
TheSmithsarewatchingTVinthesittingroom。
(4)、用在某些形容詞前,表示一類(lèi)人或事物。
如:theyoung年輕人;thedisabled殘疾人
(5)、用在表示階級(jí)、黨派、方位、方向、樂(lè)器的名詞前。
如:inthenorth;playthepiano;jointheparty
(6)、一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中
如:“the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”,表示“越…..越…..’
(7)、在“動(dòng)詞+人+介詞+the+人體部位“結(jié)構(gòu)中要用the,而不用物主代詞。
如:hitsbonthehead
(8)、固定短語(yǔ)
dotheshopping買(mǎi)東西
attheageof在……歲時(shí)
makethebeds鋪床
alloverthecountry(world)全國(guó)/全世界
bytheway順便
attheendof…在……的盡頭
onthewayhome在回家的路上
intheend最后
inthefrontof在前部
onthephone用電話(huà)
ontheotherhand一方面……另一方面
inthemiddle在……中間
ontheradio通過(guò)無(wú)線(xiàn)電
atthemoment此刻
(三)零冠詞的用法
英語(yǔ)中,有些情況下名詞前不用冠詞,這種情況通常稱(chēng)為零冠詞。
(1)、用于表示泛指或一般意義的物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、專(zhuān)有名詞、復(fù)數(shù)名詞等之前。
Somepeoplefearthat________airpollutionmaybringaboutchangesin_______weatheraroundtheworld.(09江西)
A./;theB.the;/C.an;theD.the;a
(2)、用于非特指的季節(jié)、月份、星期及三餐、球類(lèi)棋類(lèi)和游戲以及含day的節(jié)日前。
MondaycomesbeforeTuesday.星期二在星期一之后。
Wontyoustayforlunch?留在這兒吃午飯好嗎?
(3)、用于作表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)的惟一職位名詞前。
Dr.PeterSpemce,headmasteroftheschool,toldus,fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.(2011四川卷)
A./;AB./;TheC.the;TheD.a(chǎn);A
(4)、用于表示“變成”的turn/go后作表語(yǔ)的單數(shù)名詞前。
Hewasateacherbeforeheturnedwriter.
他成為作家之前是教師。
(5)、man作“人類(lèi)“講時(shí),同human、mankind一樣不用冠詞。
(6)、用于某些用介詞by構(gòu)成的表方式的短語(yǔ)中。如:
bybus乘公共汽車(chē)byplane/byair乘飛機(jī)
byland走陸路bysea走海路
byphone用電話(huà)byletter用信件
bypost用郵寄byhand用手工
(四)、固定搭配中有無(wú)冠詞的區(qū)別
(1).infrontof在……(外)的前面
inthefrontof在……(內(nèi))的前面
(2).inchargeof掌管;負(fù)責(zé)
inthechargeof在……負(fù)責(zé)之下
(3).attable在用飯;吃飯時(shí)
atthetable在桌旁
(4).byday白天;日間
bytheday按日計(jì)
(5).takeplace發(fā)生;舉行
taketheplace代替;接替
注意:有些短語(yǔ)中,有無(wú)冠詞意義并無(wú)區(qū)別。如:at(the)least至少;at(the)most至多。
(2011全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷)33.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatboymustlearntostandupandfightlikeman.
A.a(chǎn);aB.a(chǎn);theC.the;theD.a(chǎn);/
答案本題考查冠詞的基本用法,aboy和aman都表示泛指,所以選擇答案A.
(2011重慶卷)26.Incommunication,asmileisusually___________strongsignofafriendlyand_______openattitude.
A.the,/B.a(chǎn),anC.a(chǎn),/D.the,an
答案本題考查冠詞的基本用法,astrongsign表示泛指,attitude前已經(jīng)有冠詞afriendlyand_______openattitude。
(09安徽)1.Wecanneverexpectbluerskyunlesswecreatelesspollutedworld.
A.a;aB.a;the
C.the;aD.the;the
A
(09北京)2.Thebiggestwhaleis___bluewhale,whichgrowstobeabout29meterslong—theheightof____9-storybuilding.
A.the;theB.a;aC.a;theD.the;a
B
(09江西)3.Somepeoplefearthat________airpollutionmaybringaboutchangesin_______weatheraroundtheworld.
A./;theB.the;/C.an;theD.the;a
A考查冠詞用法。Airpollution是抽象名詞這里是泛指,weather這里是特指全球的氣候,根據(jù)theweatheraroundtheworld可知。
(09海南)4.Let’sgotocinema-that’lltakeyourmindofftheproblemforwhile
A.the;theB.the;a
C.a;theD.a;a
B??疾楣谠~的用法gotothecinema表示具體的某地,forawhile固定搭配,表示“一會(huì)兒”。
(09陜西)5.Whatpitythatyoucouldn’tbetheretoreceiveprize!
A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the
C考查冠詞。第一空所填冠詞與上下文構(gòu)成固定句型whatapitythat…,用不定冠詞a;第二空后名詞表示表特指,用定冠詞the,選C。
(09四川)6.Inordertofind_______betterjob,hedecidedtostudy_________secondforeignlanguage.
A.the;aB.a;aC.the;theD.a;the
B考查冠詞的用法。該題的意思是:為了找到一個(gè)更好的工作,他決定再學(xué)習(xí)另外一門(mén)外語(yǔ)。第一空表示泛指;第二空用a+序數(shù)詞+名詞表示又一,再一。
(09浙江)7.Idon’tunderstandwhattheengineermeans,butI’vegot______roughideaof_____projectplan.
A.the;aB.不填;theC.the;不填D.a;the
D
(09重慶)8,WashingmachinesmadebyChinahavewonworldwideattentionandHaierhasbecomepopularname.
A.a;theB./;a
C./;theD.the;a
B
(09全國(guó)2)9.WhatIneedisbookthatcontainsABCofoilpainting.
A.a;不填B.the;不填C.the;anD.a;the
D
(10福建)21.It’sgoodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgivesthempleasure.
A.不填,aB.a,不填C.the,aD.a,the21.答案:B
考點(diǎn):冠詞的使用
解析:goodfeeling并非特指,故用a;pleasure是抽象名詞,無(wú)需冠詞。句意為“人們喜歡上海世博會(huì)給它們的快樂(lè),這是(一)種不錯(cuò)的感覺(jué)”agoodfeeling,一種不錯(cuò)的感覺(jué),givesbpleasure。
(10山東)22.Ifwesitnear_______frontofthebus,we’llhave_______betterview.
A.不填;theB.不填;aC.the;aD.the;the
答案:C
考點(diǎn):本題考查冠詞在具體語(yǔ)境中的使用。
解析:句意應(yīng)為“如果我們坐在公共汽車(chē)的前部,就會(huì)有更好的視野?!北硎尽澳晨臻g內(nèi)部的前部”時(shí),front前要加定冠詞the;haveagoodview是習(xí)慣搭配,表示“視野開(kāi)闊,視野良好”之意;所以C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。
(10江蘇)21.Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthat_______peoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor_____newJiangsu.
A.不填;aB.不填;theC.the;aD.the;the
選A.第一空,來(lái)自社會(huì)各階層的人.是不特指,不用冠詞.第二空,在Jiangsu前有形容詞new因此,應(yīng)加冠詞a.表示一個(gè)全新的江蘇
(10遼寧)22.Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsin_______space,about900ofwhichcouldfalldownonto_______earth.
A.the;theB.不填;theC.the;不填D.a;the
答案:B
句意:太空中有超過(guò)58,000的巖狀物體,其中大約900有可能掉到地球上。
解析:考查冠詞。第一空inspace是固定短語(yǔ),不用冠詞,第二空名詞earth屬于獨(dú)一無(wú)二事物的名詞,其前必須用定冠詞。
(10北京)35.Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youneverget__secondchancetomake__firstimpression.
A.a;theB.the;theC.a;aD.the;a
35.答案:A
考點(diǎn):冠詞
解析:很多同學(xué)錯(cuò)在第二個(gè)空tomakeafirstimpression上了。在做題的時(shí)候不夠細(xì)心,因?yàn)榇祟}的句意是:第一印象是最持久的??傊?,你永遠(yuǎn)不可能有第二個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)去再給別人留一次第一印象。本題強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)是第二個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)asecondchance;第二次留一個(gè)第一印象,makeafirstimpression.first為干擾因素。
若句意改變?yōu)椋耗銢](méi)有機(jī)會(huì)去改變你的第一印象Younevergetasecondchancetochangethefirstimpression。此處再填the就合情合理了。
(10重慶)27.Everythingcomeswithprice;thereisnosuchthingasfreelunchintheworld.
A.a,aB.the,/C.the,aD.a,/
27.答案D
考點(diǎn):考查冠詞。
解析:price意思是“代價(jià)”,為可數(shù)名詞,第二空前邊有no,后面的名詞不用冠詞,故選D項(xiàng)。
(10浙江)2.Manylifestylepatternsdosuchgreatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeedup
weakeningofthehumanbody.
A.a;/B./;theC.a;theD./;/
答案:B
考點(diǎn):本題考查冠詞。
解析:句意:許多生活方式對(duì)人類(lèi)的健康有害,他們加速了人類(lèi)身體的衰退。本題考查冠詞,對(duì)……有害用短語(yǔ)“doharmto”表示,中間無(wú)需冠詞;之后的weakening是由動(dòng)詞的ing形式表示抽象的名詞,表達(dá)一種概念、狀況時(shí)需要加上the。
(10四川)2.Inmostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyouflyingstartinlife.
A.the;aB.the;不填C.不填;不填D.不填;a
答案:D
考點(diǎn):考查冠詞。
解析:mostcountries此處表泛指,most前不加定冠詞the.第二個(gè)空處應(yīng)為“一個(gè)高起點(diǎn)的開(kāi)始”,故用a,正確答案為D。
(2011全國(guó)II)16.Ashereached_____frontdoor,Jacksaw______strangesight.
A.the;不填B.a(chǎn);theC.不填aD.the;a
(2011陜西卷)13.Asisknowtoall,People’sRepublicofChinaisBiggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.
A.the;不填B.不填;the
C.the;theD.不填;不填
(2011四川卷)18.Dr.PeterSpemce,headmasteroftheschool,toldus,fifthofpupilsheregoontostudyatOxfordandCambridge.
A.不填;AB.不填;TheC.the;TheD.a(chǎn);A
(2011江西卷)22.------It’ssaidJohnwillbeinajobpayingover860,00_____year
-----Hewillalsogetpaidby_____week.
A.the;theB.a(chǎn);theC.D.a(chǎn);a
(2011全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷)33.Itisgenerallyacceptedthatboymustlearntostandupandfightlikeman.
A.a(chǎn);aB.a(chǎn);theC.the;theD.a(chǎn);不填
(2011浙江卷)2.Expertsthinkthat____recentlydiscoveredpaintingmaybe_____Picasso.
A.the.不填B.a(chǎn);theC.a(chǎn);不填D.the;a
(2011山東卷)21.Takeyourtime-it’sjust____shortdistancefromhereto_____restaurant.
A.不填;theB.a(chǎn);theC.the;aD.不填;a
(2011重慶卷)26.Incommunication,asmileisusually___________strongsignofafriendlyand_______openattitude.
A.the,/B.a(chǎn),anC.a(chǎn),/D.the,an
鞏固練習(xí)
1.Tomowns________largercollectionof________booksthananyotherstudentinourclass.
A.the;不填B.a;不填
C.a;theD.不填;the
2.Foralongtimetheywalkedwithoutsaying________word.Jimwasthefirsttobreak________silence.
A.the;aB.a;the
C.a;不填D.the;不填
3.Whenheleft________college,hegotajobas________reporterinanewspaperoffice.
A.不填;aB.不填;the
C.a;theD.the;the
4.Ifyoubuymorethanten,theyknock20penceoff________.
A.apriceB.price
C.thepriceD.prices
5.________on-goingdivisionbetweenEnglish-speakingCanadiansandFrench-speakingCanadiansis________majorconcernofthecountry.
A.The;不填B.The;a
C.An;theD.An;不填
6.TheWilsonslivein________A-shapedhousenearthecoast.Itis________17thcenturycottage.
A.the,/B.an,the
C./,theD.an,a
7.Whenyoucomehereforyourholidaynexttime,don’tgoto________hotel;Icanfindyou________bedinmyflat.
A.the;aB.the;不填
C.a;theD.a;不填
8.Whenyoufinishreadingthisbook,youwillhave________betterunderstandingof________life.
A.a,theB.the,a
C./,theD.a,/
9.Itis________worldofwonders________worldwhereanythingcanhappen.
A.a,theB.a,a
C.the,aD.不填,不填
10.Themostimportantthingaboutcottoninhistoryis________partthatitplayedin________IndustrialRevolution.
A.不填;不填B.the;不填
C.the;theD.a;the
11.Whilehewasinvestigatingwaystoimprovethetelescope,Newtonmade________discoverwhichcompletelychanged________man’sunderstandingofcolor.
A.a…不填B.a…the
C.不填…theD.the…a
12.—I’dlike________informationaboutthemanagementofyourhotel,please.
—Well,youcouldhave________wordwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful.
A.some,aB.an,some
C.some,someD.an,a
13.Manypeopleagreethat________knowledgeofEnglishisamustin________internationaltradetoday.
A.a;/B.the;an
C.the;theD./;the
14.—Haveyouseen________pen?Ileftitherethismorning.
—Isit________blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.
A.a;theB.the;the
C.the;aD.a;a
15.Papermoneywasin________useinChinawhenMarcoPolovisitedthecountryin________thirteenthcentury.
A.the;不填B.the;the
C.不填;theD.不填;不填
16.Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwith________animalsof________differentkindunlesstheykillthemforfood.
A.the;aB.不填;a
C.the;theD.不填;the
17.Jumpingoutof________airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite________excitingexperience.
A.不填,theB.不填,an
C.an,anD.the,the
18.Thesignreads“Incaseof________fire,breaktheglassandpress________redbutton.”
A./;aB./;the
C.the;theD.a;a
19.On________newstoday,therewere________reportsofheavysnowinthatarea.
A.the;theB.the;不填
C.不填;不填D.不填;the
1.B.因?yàn)閏ollection(收藏品,收集物)是可數(shù)名詞,此處為單數(shù),又不是特指,所以用不定冠詞;books是名詞復(fù)數(shù)表示種類(lèi),而非特指,所以不用冠詞。又如:afinecollectionofpaintings精美的繪畫(huà)收藏品。
2.B.word(話(huà)、話(huà)語(yǔ))是可數(shù)名詞,withoutsayingaword意為“沒(méi)說(shuō)一句話(huà)”;雖然silence(沉默)是不可數(shù)名詞,但此處是特指前面提到的那種沉默,所以用the。
3.A.因?yàn)閟chool,college,university,hospital,prison,church,table,bed名詞等指其用途時(shí),不用冠詞。leavecollege意為“大學(xué)畢業(yè)”。又因?yàn)楸硎韭殬I(yè)或身份的單數(shù)名詞前通常要用不定冠詞,所以選A。
4.C.price前加定冠詞表特指。句意為“如果你買(mǎi)10個(gè)以上,他們會(huì)從那個(gè)價(jià)錢(qián)中減掉20便士”。
5.B.因?yàn)閐ivision后有介詞短語(yǔ)between…and…的限制,這是特指的,所以要用the。又因?yàn)閏oncern作“所關(guān)切的事”解是可數(shù)名詞,所以前面要用冠詞。
6.D.因?yàn)閔ouse和cottage都是可數(shù)名詞,且都不是特指,所以都用不定冠詞。句意是“威爾遜一家住在大海附近的一棟A形房子里,那是一座17世紀(jì)建的別墅”。
7.A.從nexttime可知,對(duì)方這次住了旅館,第一空的hotel就是特指這個(gè)旅館,所以用the;第二空的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞bed不是特指的,所以用不定冠詞。句意是:你下次來(lái)這里度假,就不要到這旅館來(lái)住了,我在我的公寓里幫你弄張床。
8.D.雖然understanding是不可數(shù)名詞,但作“了解、理解”解時(shí),卻常常要加不定冠詞(尤其是當(dāng)其前有形容詞修飾時(shí)),排除B和C。又因?yàn)閘ife作“生活、人生”解,是不可數(shù)名詞,不是特指,不用冠詞。haveabetterunderstandingoflife指“對(duì)生活有更深刻的理解”。
9.B.雖然通常說(shuō)theworld,但world有定語(yǔ)修飾時(shí),表示“一個(gè)…的世界”時(shí),要用不定冠詞。題中兩個(gè)world都有定語(yǔ)修飾,后者是前者的同位語(yǔ),所以?xún)蓚€(gè)都用不定冠詞。句意是:這是一個(gè)奇妙的世界,一個(gè)什么事都有可能發(fā)生的世界。
10.C.因part后面有一定語(yǔ)從句修飾,是特指,用the;又因?yàn)椤肮I(yè)革命”是由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名詞,所以前面也要用the。
高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)考案:定語(yǔ)從句
2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)考案:定語(yǔ)從句
1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon.
A.whoB.whichC.whomD.when
2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers.
A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which
3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as
4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily?
A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who
5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.as
6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere.
A.whomB.whichC.whoD.when
7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning?
A.whenB.whereC.whichD.who
8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere?
A.whoB./C.thatD.when
9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker.
A.whoB.whomC.towhomD.towho
10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour.
A.withwhomB.whenC.towhomD.which
11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.
A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalking
C.thenurseistalkingtoD.whothenurseistalking
12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica.
A.whichyoushowedB.youshowedhimC.youshowedD.whereyoushowed
13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard.
A.ofwhomB.fromwhomC.aboutthatD.who
14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench.
A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which
15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou?
A.thatB.whomC.whenD.whose
16.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice.
A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.all
17.Theforeignguests,____weregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport.
A.mostofthemB.mostofthatC.mostofwhomD.mostofthose
18.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight.
A.whoB.whichC.thatD.as
19.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;youmayask____knowsbetterthanI.
A.whoeverB.whomeverC.anyoneD.theone
20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago.
A.whereB./C.whenD.what
21.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago.
A.whereB.thatC.whichD.onwhich
22.Nearbyweretwocanoes____theyhadcometotheisland.
A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD./
23.Jackispleasedwith____youhavegivenhimandall____youhavetoldhim.
A.that,whatB.what,thatC.which,whatD.that,which
24.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colourisyellow?
A.thatB.whichC.itsD.whose
25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp.
A.whomB.whoC.towhomD.formwhom
26.Isthisschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?
A.theoneB.whichC.thatD.where
27.Isthistheschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago?
A.theoneB.whereC.inwhichD./
28,Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry?
A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.which
29.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,____cameasasurprise.
A.itB.whichC.thatD.he
30.ThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriage____alreadysevenotherpeople.
A.whentherewereB.whichtherewere
C.thattherewereD.wheretherewere
31.Iliveinthehouse____windowsfacesouth.
A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.inthat
32.----Whatgameispopularwiththem?
----The____mostistennis.
A.gametheylikeitB.gametheylike
C.bestgametheylikeD.bestgametheylikeit
33.Theystayedwithmethreeweeks,____theydrankallthewineIhad.
A.whichB.whichtimeC.duringwhichtimeD.duringwhich
34.Theroom____MrWhitelivesisnotverylarge.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
35.Don’tforgettheday____youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.
A.whenB.thatC.atwhichD.where
36.I’vefinishedwritingthenovel,____istobepublishednextmonth.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when
37.Hereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebattle,____wasunexpected.
A.whichB.asC.thatD.it
38.____weisknowntoall,Englishisnotverydifficulttolearn.
A.WhatB.AsC.ThatD.Which
39.Theoldmanhadthreesons,allof____diedduringWorldWarⅡ.
A.whoseB.thatC.whomD.who
40.Ihaveboughttwopens,____writewell.
A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.bothofwhichD.allofwhich
41.Doyouknowthereason____shehaschangedhermind?
A.whyB.whichC.forthatD.ofwhich
42.Hefailedintheexam,____provesthathewasn’tworkinghardenough.
A.whichB.whatC.itD.that
43.Duringtheweek____hetriedtocollectmaterialsforhisarticle.
A.followingB.followedC.tofollowD.thatfollowed
44.____wasexpected,hesucceededintheexam.
A.ItB.WhichC.AsD.That
45.Hestudiedhardandlaterbecameawell-knownwriter,____hisfatherexpected.
A.thatwaswhatB.whatwasthat
C.andwhichwasD.whichwaswhat
46.Weshouldreadsuchbooks____willmakeusbetterandwiser.
A.whenB.asC.whoseD.what
47.Youmustshowmywifethesamerespect____youshowme.
A.whenB.asC.whoseD.what
48.Heisabsent____isoftenthecase.
A.whatB.whichC.whoD.as
49.Itisthefirsttime____Ihavecometoyourcity.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when
50.Who____hasthesameideaasitwilldoitinthisway.
A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which
51.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears____Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,____hasagreateffectonmylife.
A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who
52.Thisistheonlybook____Icanfind.
A.thatB.whichC.itD.withwhich
53.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher.
A.thewayB.thewayinthat
C.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
54.Thatisoneofthosebooksthat____worthreading.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
55.Thisistheonlyoneofthestudentswhosehandwriting____thebest.
A.isB.areC.hasD.have
56.Therewas____topreventtheaccident.
A.somethingcoulddoB.anythingwecoulddo
C.nothingwecouldn’tdoD.nothingwecoulddo
57YesterdayMr.Lifinallyboughthisownhouse,_______isahospital.
A.inwhereB.totheeastofwhich
C.totheeastofitD.intheeastofthat
58.Mybrotherspurse,_______heput¥1,000,wasmissingonthebus.
A.thereB.whichC.inwhichD.that
59.Thefootballmatch_______thestudentscompetedyesterdaywasverywonderful.
A.inwhichB.whichC.inthatD.that
60.Thereason_______hewaslateagainwasthathewascaughtinatrafficjamintherushhour.
A.whichB.inwhichC.forwhichD.ofwhich
61.Hisglasses,_______hecouldseenothing,wastakenawaybyanaughtyboy.
A.whichB.withoutwhichC.withwhichD.withoutthose
62.Thecomputer,_______hepaid¥3,000,wasonceownedbyhisuncle.
A.whichB.forwhichC.thatD.tothat
63.Inthepastwelostmanychances,_______wepaidlittleattention.
A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.towhich
64.Thepen,_______Ihadbeenwritingfortenyears,wasbroken.
A.withwhichB.withthatC.asD.withit
65.Maryhastwobrothers,________aredoctors.
A.bothoftheyB.bothofwhomC.bothofthemD.whomofboth
66.Theproblem_______youarguedaboutyesterdayhasbeensolved.
A.thatB.whatC.whyD.forwhich
67.Myauntboughtmeabook,thename_______Ihaveforgotten.
A.ofitB.whichC.whoseD.ofwhich
68.OnthewayhomeImetmyfriendJohn,from_______homethethiefhadstolenacomputer.
A.whomB.whichC.thatD.whose
69.Ihatetheway_______youtalktoyourmother.
A.bywhichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.which
70.Atlastwefoundtheholeinthewall_______themousegotintothehouselastnight.
A.inwhichB.whichC.throughwhichD.bywhich
71.Therearethreegirlsintheroom,________isTomssister.
A.thetallestofwhichB.thetallestofwhom
C.tallestofthatD.tallestofwhich
72.Illneverforgettheday_______Iboughtmyownguitarwithmyownmoney.
A.whereB.onwhichC.onwhenD.that
73.Sheisjustthegirl,with_______mybrothercametovisitmelastmonth.
A.whomB.herC.thatD.who
74.Lastnightwesawtwomovies,_______wasinteresting.
A.bothofwhichB.neitherofwhich
C.bothofthemD.neitherofthem
75.Thisisthehousein_______Iwasbornthirtyyearsago.
A.itB.thereC.whichD.that
76.Thereasonfor_______hefailedintheexamwasthathewastoocareless.
A.whichB.whyC.thatD.it
77.Isawawomanrunningtowardsmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection_______shehadcome
A.ofwhichBbywhichC.inwhichD.fromwhich
78.Women_______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose______don’t.
A.who,/B./,whoC.who,whoD./,/
79.Wearejusttryingtoreachapoint______bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.
A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which
80.—Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?
---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.
A.whyB.whereC.howD./
81.ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,_____shewentontohaveheradvancedstudyabroad.
A.afterthatB.fromthatC.fromwhichD.afterwhich
82.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,______wegavesomebellsandglasses.
A.towhichBtowhomC.withwhomD.withwhich
83.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse_____roofisunderrepair.
A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that
84.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,______meantspendingtentsofthousandsofpounds.
A.whoB.thatCasD.which
85.Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_____Ireallyenjoyed.
A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which
86.Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm______wevisitedthreemonthsago?
A.whereB.whenC.thatD.what
87.Ihavemanyfriends,________somearebusinessmen.
AofthemBfromwhichCwhoofDofwhom
88.---Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?
---Thereisnooneelse_______,isthere?
AwhototurntoBshecanturntoCforwhomtoturnDforhertoturn
89.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from_____effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.
AthatBwhoseCthoseDwhat
90.Ifashophaschairs_______womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.
AthatBwhichCwhenDwhere
91.Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,_____hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.
AduringwhichtimeBforwhichtimeCduringwhosetimeDbythattime
92.Anyway,thatevening,____I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,endedupstayingatRachel’splace.
AwhenBwhereCwhatDwhich
93.Luckily,we’dbroughtaroadmapwithout_______wewouldhavelostourway.
AitBthatCthisDwhich
94.---Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?
----Right,justtheone_______youknowIusedtoworkforyears.
AthatBwhichCwhereDwhat
95.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.
AwhichBthatCthisDit
96.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.
AwhoBasCaboutwhichDwithwhom
97.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone____familywaspoor.
A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose
98.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_______broughtherheartintohermouth.
A.itB.whichC.thisD.that
99.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.
A.thatB.who C.fromwhom D.towhom
100.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.
A.what B.whichC.that D.it
101.AfterlivinginPairsforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown____hegrewupasachild.
A.which B.whereC.that D.when
102.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,_____personallyIdoubtverymuch.
A.it B.that C.whenD.which
103.Hewashidingbehindthedoor_________hecouldseewhatwashappening.
A.whichB.fromwhereCfromwhichD.where
104.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_____wasveryreasonable.
A.whichprice B.thepriceofwhich
C.itsprice D.thepriceofwhose
105._____hasalreadybeenpointedout,grammarisnotasetofdeadrules.
A.As B.It C.That D.Which
106.HelivedinLondonfor3months,during____timehelearnedsomeEnglish.
A.thisB.which C.thatD.same
107.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,____,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.
A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which
108.Astorygoes______ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethatbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.
A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that
109.Thevisitoraskedtheguidetotakehispicture_____standsthefamoustower.
A.that B.whereC.which D.there
110.Theboss____departmentMsKingworkedtenyearsagolookdownuponwomen.
A.inwhich B.inthat C.inwhoseD.whose
111.Idon’tlike_____youspeaktoher.
A.thewayB.thewayinthat
C.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
112.Therearetwobuildings,____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.
A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich
113.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,____ofgreatimportancetoscience.
A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitis
C.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis
114.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom
115.GeorgeOrwell,_______wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.
A.therealnameB.whathisrealnameC.hisrealnameD.whoserealname
參考答案:
1-5ABACD6-10CDCCA11-15CCADA16-20ACCAB21-25ABBDC26-30ADABD31-35BBDCA36-40CABCC41-45AADCD46-50BBDAB51-55.BAABA56-60.CBCAC61-65.BBDAB66-70ADDCC71-75BBABC76-80ADCAD81-85DBADB86-90CDBBD91-95ADDCA96-100DDBDB
101-105BDBBA106-110BDDBC111-115ADADD