小學(xué)英語復(fù)習(xí)課教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2021-05-03中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)講練動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。
中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)講練動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)動(dòng)詞分類:實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞;八大時(shí)態(tài)
時(shí)態(tài):注意:①由謂語動(dòng)詞表示時(shí)態(tài);②用時(shí)間狀語或副詞決定時(shí)態(tài)
形式:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Weworkhard.一般過去時(shí)Weworkedhard.一般將來時(shí)We’llworkhard.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)We’reworkinghard.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)We’reworkedhard.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)Wewereworkinghard.過去將來時(shí)Wewouldworkhard.過去完成時(shí)Wehadworkedhard.
(一)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):表客觀規(guī)律,在條件、時(shí)間狀語從句中表將來。
1.標(biāo)志:often、always、sometimes、usually、every(day、week)
2.謂語動(dòng)詞:原形或謂語動(dòng)詞+s/es(主語三單)
3.助動(dòng)詞:do、does。
加s/es規(guī)則:①一般加s,如:plays;②以s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾的+es;輔音字母+o+es;如:dodoes;teachteaches;pushpushes;③輔+y將y變i+es。
1.Marryisoftenathomeatweekendsandtimetohergarden.
A.givesB.gaveC.hadgivenD.hasgiven
2.---What’swrongwiththeorange?---It’sterrible.
A.istastingB.istastedC.tastesD.tasted
(二)一般過去時(shí):①謂語動(dòng)詞+ed;②助動(dòng)詞用did。
標(biāo)志:yesterday、last、week、in1990、threeyearsago、atthattime。
加ed規(guī)則:①一般加ed;②以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾+d;如:encourageencouraged;
③以輔音+y將y變i+ed,如:crycried;④雙寫:stopstopped;prefer;shop。
1.---WhatdidyoudoonMayDay?
---Iwentshoppingwithmyfamily.Theresomanypeopleinthestreet.
A.wasB.areC.were
2.Thedoctoraboyyesterday.
A.hadsaved,dyingB.saved,deadC.hassaved,deadD.saved,dying
3.Againandagainthedoctorthecrying,buthecouldn’tfindoutwhatwaswrongwithher.
A.lookedoverB.lookoverC.lookedforD.lookedout
重要知識(shí)點(diǎn):
1、has/havebeento有去有回has/havegoneto有去無回
---Hello!MayIspeaktoyourfather?---Sorry,heHangzhou.
A.hascometoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeeninD.hasgoneto
---ShehastoShanghaitwice.
2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志:just、never、ever、before、yet、already、for、since
注意:yesterday、lastweek、twodaysago用于過去時(shí)
Since……ago用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
Ihaveneverseenthefilmbefore.Fatherboughtthatwatchtwodays.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):出現(xiàn)forsince時(shí),主句用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
注:終止性動(dòng)詞變成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞:die---bedeadleave---beawaystart---beon
Join---beinarrive---behave/beinbuy---haveborrow---keep
---I’msorrytokeep.youwaiting.---Oh,notatall.Ihereonlyafewminutes.
A.havearrivedB.havebeenC.arrived
3、主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表變動(dòng):①open,sell,read,write,wash,drive等及物動(dòng)詞用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),主語是物時(shí),用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表被動(dòng)。
Thecardriveswell.Thisbooksellswell.Thepenwriteswell.
②look,taste,smell,sound,feel等連系動(dòng)詞表被動(dòng)
Thesongsoundswonderful.Thefoodtastesgood.
③beworthdoing值得做Thestoryisworthreading.
④want,need,require做需要講時(shí),用動(dòng)ing表被動(dòng)=tobedone
Thebikeneedsrepairing.=Thebikeneedstoberepaired.
4、spend、cost、take、pay區(qū)別:人+spend+時(shí)間(in)doing=Ittake(took)sbsth(sometime)todo花……時(shí)間做……
物+costsb+錢=人+spend+錢+onsth=人+pay+錢+forsth花錢買某物
---Mymotherusuallymuchtimeshoppinginthesupermarket.
A.spendB.costsC.takesD.pays
5、leavesth+地點(diǎn)把某物留在某地forgettodo忘記做……
forgetdoing忘記做過某事
---Whydon’tyouhaveanotebookwithyou?---I’veitathome.
A.lostB.forgottenC.leftD.found
6、wear表狀態(tài)beinhaveon表狀態(tài)puton動(dòng)作dressoneself為某人穿衣
---Thechildisn’toldenoughtohimself.A.wearB.putonC.haveD.dress
基礎(chǔ)知識(shí):
1、過去進(jìn)行時(shí):was/were+動(dòng)ing過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)
①atteno’clockyesterdayatfivelastSunday
②when+go過去時(shí)(終止動(dòng)詞)
注意:whenwhile
用法:主句+(過去進(jìn)行時(shí))+when+一般過去時(shí);
主句+(過去進(jìn)行時(shí)或一般過去時(shí))+while+過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
---Lookoutwhenyouthestreet.
A.crossingB.arecrossingC.cross
---Don’twakehimupifheat7:00tomorrowmorning.
A.isstillsleepingB.sleepingC.sleepsD.willsleep
---Herbrotherwhilehehishorseandhislegbroken.
A.fell,wasridingB.fill,rideC.hadfallen,wasriding
---HesaidtheyChinaforJapan.
A.wereleavingB.areleavingC.willleave
2、過去將來時(shí):
①would+動(dòng)詞原形②常用于主句是過去時(shí)的賓語從句中
③也可用was/weregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形表示:
---Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?---Hesaidthattheearthroundthesun.
A.goB.goesC.wentD.willgo
---Hesaidthathewouldcallyouifhe.
A.hadreturnedB.wouldreturnC.returnedD.returns
3、過去完成時(shí):
①had+過去分詞②bytheendof+過去時(shí)間when+過去時(shí)句子
---Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmforhalfanhour.
A.hadbeenonB.hadbegunC.wasonD.begun
---Bytheendoflasttern,meover3000words.
A.learnedB.hadlearnedC.haslearnedD.islearning
4、被動(dòng)語態(tài):
①主語常是物②be+過去分詞③各種時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)態(tài)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):is,am,are+過去分詞
一般過去時(shí):was/were+過去分詞
一般將來時(shí):willbe+過去分詞
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞
1.Thesun________intheeast.
A.isalwaysrisingB.alwaysisrisingC.risesalwaysD.alwaysrises
2.Heoften________hisclothesonSundays.
A.washingB.washesC.haswashedD.wash
3.I’mJapanese.Where________from?
A.doyoucomeB.youarecomingC.youcomeD.areyoucoming
4.Amotherwho________hersonwilldoeverythingforhishappiness.
A.islovingB.lovesC.lovedD.hasloved
5.________atahighertemperaturethanwater?
A.HasmilkboiledB.IsmilkboilingC.DoesmilkboilD.Wasmilkboiling
6.Hesignedtouswithhishand,“Thelessonisover.You________.”
A.dismissedB.aredismissedC.havedismissedD.weredismissed
7.Ihaven’tmethimforages,buthismother________himsometimes.
A.hadstillseenB.stillseesC.hasstillseenD.stillsaw
8.Wewillstartassoonasourteamleader________.
A.comesB.willcomeC.comeD.iscoming
9.IthinkJack________theanswer.
A.hasknownB.doesknowC.isknowingD.knows
10.Myfather________Georgequitewell;theywereintroducedataparty.
A.isknowingB.wasknowingC.knowsD.hadbeenknowing
11.Where________?
A.MaryworksB.worksMaryC.doesMaryworksD.doesMarywork
12.Ithinkthisquestion________toanswer.
A.easyB.iseasyC.waseasyD.BothAandB
13.________oilorbutterwhenyoucookit?
A.DoyouuseB.DidyouuseC.WereyouusingD.Haveyouused
14.I________somenewspaperatsevenyesterdayevening.
A.amreadingB.readC.wasreadingD.willread
精選閱讀
中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)講練動(dòng)詞主謂一致
中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)講練動(dòng)詞主謂一致
有關(guān)動(dòng)詞的重點(diǎn):只有動(dòng)詞才能作謂語。動(dòng)詞分為行為動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等。
(一)聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞:be,become(成為),turn(變顏色),grow(變天氣),look,smell,taste,
sound(good√,well×),seem,feel。
(二)有關(guān)use的詞組:①usedtodo過去常常作,beusedtodoing習(xí)慣于。
1.---MyauntgoestoclimbmountGueverySunday.
---Oh!Butshehateclimbingmountain.
A.usedtoB.usetoC.usestoD.isusedto
2.Lileiisusedtogettingearly.
注意:usedtodo的否定式為usednottodo或didn’tuseto
疑問式為:Didsbuseto?或usedsb…?
②人+usesthfordoing=人+usesthtodo用某物做…
其被動(dòng)形式為:物+beusedtodo=物+beusedfordoing
Peopleusestoneforbuildinghouses=Peopleusestonetobuildhouses.
Stoneisusedforbuildinghouses=Stoneisusedtobuildhouses.
(三)can’t表示“不可能”即否定性推測(cè)。mustn’t禁止、不可能;
must“一定”表示肯定性推測(cè);must引起的問句,其否定回答為needn’t.
1.ThemanbeLiLei.LiLeihasgonetoBeijing.
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.maynotD.needn’t
2.Alotofcarsarecomingandgoing.Yougoacrossthestreet.
A.needn’tB.maynotC.mustn’tD.must
3.MustIreturnthebooktomorrowmorning?No,you.Youkeepitforthreedays.
A.mustn’t,mayB.mustn’t,mustC.needn’t,canD.needn’t,may
4.---Look!Themanatthegatebeourheadmaster.Heisalwaysstandingthereevery
morning.---No,itbehim.Heisholdingameetingintheofficenow.
A.must,can’tB.must,mustn’tC.can,can’tD.can,mustn’t
(四)及物動(dòng)詞與介詞搭配:give,show,pass,lend+物+to+sb=give(…)sbsth
make,sing,buy+物+for+sb=make(sing,buy)sbsth
(五)及物動(dòng)詞+副詞結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語的賓語是人稱代詞時(shí),把代詞放中間
get(it)back,put(it)on,take(it)off,turn(it)on,pick(it)up,try(it)on,
look(it)up,wake(me)up,put(it)up.
1.Smokingisbadforyourhealth.You’dbetter.
A.giveupitB.giveitupC.takeoutitD.takeitout
基礎(chǔ)知識(shí):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:
(一)can:①表能力“能,會(huì)”;②表推測(cè)“可能”;③表允許“可以”。
1.---youpassmeapen?I’dliketowritedownthephonenumber.---Sure,Hereitis.
A.CanB.NeedC.MightD.Must
(二)could:can的過去式,表過去的能力。但could本身也可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表委婉請(qǐng)求。
(三)may:①允許“可以”;②表推測(cè)“可能”。
1.IswimwhenIwastenyearsold.
2.Johngotherewithastonight,butheisnotverysureaboutit.
A.mustB.canC.willD.may
(四)must:①主觀看法“必須”;②推測(cè)“一定”。
(五)need:①情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:need+動(dòng)原②實(shí)義動(dòng)詞:needtodo③needdoing=needtobedone
1.Youworryaboutme.It’snothingserious.
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.won’t
(六)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)態(tài):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過分
(七)maybe和maybe①maybe用于句首,可能;②maybe可能是
1.Ifyoueatbadfood,youill.A.maybeB.can’tbeC.mustD.maybe
練習(xí)
1.---Mayweplayfootballinthestreet?---No,you.It’sdangerous.
A.canB.mustn’tC.mayD.maynot
2.ThemanintheofficebeMr.Blackbecausehewenthomejustnow.
A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t
3.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident.Sohe.
A.mustbetakecareofB.musttakecareofC.mustbelookedafter
4.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbishintotheriver.
A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow
5.---Hurryup,please!---It’squiteearly,youworryaboutthetime.
A.mustn’tB.maynotC.needn’tD.can’t
6.---There’ssomebodyatthedoor.Whoitbe?
---No,itbehim.It’sjustseveno’clock.It’stooearly.
A.may,can’tB.will,won’tC.may,mustn’t
7.---Excuseme,couldIborrowsomemoneyfromyou?---Ofcourseyou.
A.couldB.canC.mustD.need
8.Theflowereveryday,orthey’lldie.
A.mustwaterB.canbewateredC.shouldwaterD.mustbewatered
9.---WhatdidyourPEteachersayaboutyourhighjumpatthesportsmeeting.
---HesaidthatIbetter.A.candoB.amC.willdoD.coulddo
10.---Where’sLucy?---I’mnotsure.Sheinthelibrary.
A.maybeB.mustC.maybeD.willbe
主謂一致即謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與主語的單復(fù)數(shù)一致:
(一)One,everyone,eachone,anyone,each,either,nineof+復(fù)數(shù)+單謂。
Everyoneofthestudentsisstudyinghard.Neitherofthegirlsisabletoanswerit.
1.Neitherofthetwobrotherswiththeirparents.
A.liveB.arelivingC.liketoliveD.lives
2.oftheboysinClass4isplayinggames.
A.AllB.EachC.Theboth
(二)不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語用單數(shù)
Toteachistolearn.Playingwithfireisdangerous.
1.PalyingbaseballDale’sfavouritesport.A.isB.areC.were
(三)主語后跟含有with.except.together.with.aswellas等短語時(shí),單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)根據(jù)主語而定,而不受這些短語的影響。
1.EveryoneexceptTomandJohntherewhenthemeetingbegan.
A.areB.isC.wereD.was
(四)主語為people.Police.cattle(家禽)poultry(家畜)等時(shí),謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
Thepolicearelookingforthemissingchild.Mostpeoplethinkso.
(五)主語為復(fù)數(shù)而意義為單數(shù),謂語用單數(shù):
①news,works(作品,工作),physics,politic政治,mathematics數(shù)學(xué),謂語用單數(shù);
②trousers,Shoes,glasses為主語時(shí),謂語用復(fù)數(shù),當(dāng)前面有apairof修飾時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
1.Ithinkphysicsmaths.A.issousefulasB.aremoreusefulas
C.areasusefulasD.ismuchmoreusefulthan
(六)表示時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度、價(jià)格、質(zhì)量等短語做主語時(shí),即使其中的名詞為復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式:
Threeyearshasalreadypassedquickly.
Fiftyyuanisenough.
(七)由every,some,any,no構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定式代詞做主語時(shí),謂語用單數(shù)。
1.EverygirltoattendtheEnglishParty.
A.wishB.wishesC.islikeD.like
(八)就近原則:由either…or,Neither…nor,notonly…butalso連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語一致。
1.Notonlystudentsbutalsotheirteachertheplan.
A.objectB.objectsC.isobjectD.isobjected
Therebe句型中連接并列的主謂時(shí),謂語用就近原則。
Thereisagirlandfourboysintheroom.
2.TheresomeChineseandthreeAmericansinthetravellingteam.
A.areB.isC.hasD.have
(九)so,neither倒裝句:sodoI句型(即so+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語),表示“兩種情況相同”。注意:時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)要一致。
SoIdo陳述語序,表示“的確如此”。
Neither/Nor+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語,表示“兩種情況都不”
1.---Tomboughtacomputeryesterday.---Soshe.(sohe)
2.---Theboydidn’tgotothePark.---Neither(nor)I.
(十)由and連接兩個(gè)不同的單數(shù)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí),表示不同概念時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);而表示同一概念時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
JackandTomlookheathyandstrong.
Thepoetandmusicianvisitsourschooltoday.
(十一)the+姓氏s表示“一家人”,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
TheBlacksenjoyworkinginChina.
(十二)anumberof+名復(fù)+復(fù)謂表示“很多”;
thenumberof+名復(fù)+單謂表示“…的數(shù)目”。
Thenumberofpeopleinvitedmorethan200,andanumberofthembeenherenow.
A.were,hasB.were,haveC.was,hasD.was,have
練習(xí)
1.NeitherWeiHuanorAnn________ontheteam.
A.isB.a(chǎn)reC.goesD.go
2.“Ithinkneitherthisshirtnorthatone________good”,hesaid.
A.a(chǎn)reB.isC.wereD.was
3.ThisisMissGao.She________yournewteacher.
A.beB.a(chǎn)mC.isD.a(chǎn)re
4.Hisparents________comingtomeettheteachertonight.
A.a(chǎn)reB.wereC.is
5.Howmuchmilk________inthebottle?
A.hasB.a(chǎn)rethereC.isthere
6.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn________therewhenthemeetingbegan.
A.isB.wasC.a(chǎn)reD.were
7.________Lily________Lucymaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.A.Notonly;butalso
B.Neither;nor
C.Both;and
D.Either;or
8.________thepopulationofChina?
A.Howmuchis
B.Howmanyare
C.Whatis
D.Whatnumberis
9.Jennyandherparents________goingtovisitthePalaceMuseumtomorrowA.isB.a(chǎn)mC.a(chǎn)reD.be
10.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher________intheclassroomthemoment.
A.wereB.wasC.werentD.wasnt
11.—Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool?
—________thestudentsinourschool________overtwothousand.
A.Thenumberof;is
B.Thenumberof;are
C.Anumberof;is
D.Anumberof;are
12.—Arethetwinsonthefootballteam?
—No,neitherofthem________ontheteam.
A.isB.a(chǎn)reC.wereD.be
13.EitherBoborPeter________watchingthe17thWorldCupnow.
A.isB.a(chǎn)reC.a(chǎn)mD.be
英語主謂一致考查題例答案與詳解
1.A。neither...nor...連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí),應(yīng)根據(jù)“就近一致”的原則,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與nor后面的詞語相一致。
2.B。同上。
3.C。主語為單數(shù)第三人稱。
4.A。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語為復(fù)數(shù)。
5.C。主語是不可數(shù)名詞,動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式。
6.B。主語是everyone,且為一般過去時(shí)。
7.D。根據(jù)句子的意思是“兩者之一”故選D。
8.C。某地區(qū)和國(guó)家的人口是單數(shù)第三人稱,表示一事物。
9.C。主語為復(fù)數(shù)。
10.B。neither…nor采取就近原則,故用單數(shù),且用肯定式。
11.A。表示“……的數(shù)量”應(yīng)用thenumberof,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)第三人稱形式;而anumberof表示“許多,大量的”。
12.A。同1題。
13.A。采用就近原則。
中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)講練介詞
中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)講練介詞
有關(guān)介詞的考點(diǎn):
(一)in+時(shí)間段?!啊蟆庇糜趯頃r(shí)對(duì)提問howsoon
1.Hewillfinishhishomeworkinanhour.He’llcomebackaweek.
A.fromB.atC.afterD.in
2.MrBrownhasgonetooCanada.Hewillbebacktwoweeks.
A.forB.afterC.inD.at
(二)介詞on表時(shí)間時(shí),表示具體某天或某天的上午、下午、晚上。
例:onaSundayday;Onawarmmorning;OnTeachers’Day;OnSeptember1st。
1.IwasbornApril20,1985thenorthChina.
A.in,in,ofB.on,in,ofC.in,on,ofD.on,on,in
2.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveParisthemorningofJuly9.
A.at,inB.in,onC.in,inD.at,in
(三)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),for+時(shí)間段或since+過去時(shí)的句子。
注意sincefor是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)標(biāo)志,對(duì)其提問用howlong。
1.Whatbadweatherwehave?Ithasrainedthedaybeforeyesterday.
A.onB.inC.sinceD.at
2.HowlonghaveyoubeenhereinSydney?lastWednesday,Itwodaysbeforeyou.A.since,arrivedB.on,havebeenC.since,wentD.on,havearrived
3.Howlonghaveyouthebook?Fortwoweeks.
A.haveB.hadC.buyD.borrow
4.IhavetheArmy(軍隊(duì))since1990.A.joinedB.beeninC.joinedin
(四)not…until直到…才(主句只能夠動(dòng)詞用終止性動(dòng)詞)
until單獨(dú)用時(shí)主語用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。例:Hedidn’tgotobeduntil11o’clocklastnight.
Theboywaitedforhismotheruntilshecameback.
1.LastnightIwatchedthefootballmatchanddidn’tgotobed12o’clock.
A.whenB.untilC.asD.while
(五)usedtodo過去常常做beusedtodoing習(xí)慣于做…
人+usesthfordoing=人+use+sthtodo
→被動(dòng)態(tài):物+beusedfordoing=物+beusedtodo.
1.Whatisawritingbrush,doyounow?It’susedwritinganddrawing.
A.withB.toC.forD.by
Beusedby+人被某人用:
1.Englishiswidelyusedtravelersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.
A.toB.forC.asD.by
(六)across在物體表面穿過。through指在物體內(nèi)部穿過
1.You’dbettergotheforest.It’sthenearestway.
A.crossB.acrossC.throughD.driver
2.Youmustbecarefulwhenyougotheroad.
(七)but,except,besides區(qū)別:
①but除了,前面經(jīng)常有nothing,hardly等表示否定的詞;
②except不包括其后部分;
③besides除了包括其后部分。
1.Where’sLily?Weareallhereher.A.besidesB.aboutC.exceptD.with
2.MaryknowGermanFrenchandEnglish.A.besidesB.andC..exceptD.of
基礎(chǔ)知識(shí):
(一)表示時(shí)間的介詞:at,in.on,since,for,during,by,before,after,until,
1.at表示具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn);atsixo’clockAtfive
常用詞組:atthistimeofday在每天的這個(gè)時(shí)候;atnoon,atnight,attheageof,atleast至少,atpresent目前,atschool上學(xué),attheendof①在…未②在…盡頭
2.in用于年、月、季節(jié)(較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間)in2004,inSeptember,inspring,inthemoring。
常用詞組:inEnglish,infact事實(shí)上,infrontof,inthefrontof,inhospital住院,inpublic當(dāng)眾,inclass在課堂上,ingoodhealth身體好。
3.on表示具體某一天或某天的上午、下午、晚上。
4.since,for,by,during,until
注意:bytheendof+過去的時(shí)間表到…未為止,一般用于過去完成時(shí)。
Theyhadlearned3000wordsbytheendoflastterm.
(二)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞:
1.表示方位的介詞:in,on,to,in內(nèi)部,on相鄰,to不相鄰。
BeijingisinthenorthofChina.RussiaisonthenorthofChina.
JapanistotheeastChina.
2.表示上下方位的介詞:over正上方,under正下方,above,below,on
Theskyisoverourheadsandthelandisunderourfeet.
Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.
Helookedoutofthewindowandfoundsomechildrenplayingbelowthebuilding.
3.by,beside在…旁邊,between…and在…中間,among在…之間。
LiLeiisstandingbythewindow.
4.靠近:near在…附近,nextto緊挨。
Thereisarailwaystationnearourschool.
Ioftenhearthegirlnexttothesingdoor.
5.byinonwith表示方式、手段或工具
bybike=onabikebycar=inacarbybus=onabus
介詞詞組:
inbed臥床,intime及時(shí),ontime按時(shí),bybus,onfoot,inEnglish,athome,atnight,atnoon,inthehospital,inhospital,withasmile面帶笑容,inahurry,atfirst,bytheway,atlast,onone’swayto,inthesun,atonce,inthetree在樹上,onthetree,not…atall,atthefootof,atdinner,atthetable,attable,atwork,
atschool,atthebeginning,bytrain,inthisway,attheageof,introuble,infact,intheend最后,inspace,innotime立刻,inorder按順序,inashortwhile不久,
outofbreath上氣不接下氣,onduty值日,ontheleft,inpublic公眾,toone’ssurprise
動(dòng)詞介詞構(gòu)成的詞組:
arrivein(at),dowellin=begoodat,hearfromsb收到…信,hearofsth聽說,
hear…with,agreewithsb,handin,payfor,prefersthtosth,regard…as把…看作,thanksto多虧,由于,tryon,thinkof想出,thinkabout,laughat,learnfrom,
leavefor,putup,sendfor派人去請(qǐng),catchupwithsb,gotoschool,gotobed,
takecareof,lookforwardtodoing期待,comeupwith找到,提出,sayhelloto,
takeoff,turnon(off),listento,lookafter,looklike,fillwith,beginwith,
dealwith,belongto,dieof,diefrom,dependon,believein信任。
練習(xí)
1.Weshoulddosomethingtostoptheforestcuttingdown.
A.fromB.inC.byD.with
2.---Whatisthisdressmade?---Silk.It’smadeHangzhou.
A.of,inB.from,ofC.in,ofD.from,in
3.Youdon’tneedtolookeverynewwordinyourdictionary.
A.forB.atC.afterD.up
4.TheengineerwillreturnfromMacaoafewdays.
A.sinceB.inC.onD.after
5.It’simportantustolearnEnglishwell.
A.forB.ofC.toD.in
6.Meimeiisbetterthanmesinging.
A.onB.toC.atD.for
7.---Whatkindofteadoyoulike?---I’dlikeChineseteanothinginit.
A.withB.inC.onD.for
8.MissGaoisstandingallherstudents.A.betweenB.amongC.middle
9.Don’treadbed.It’sbadyoureyes.A.on,ofB.on,toC.in,for
10.---Howisitgoing?---Thankstheweather,thecropsgrowwell.
A.toB.forC.alot
11.Therearetwobottlesonthetable.Oneisfullbeerwhiletheotherisfilledwater.
A.of,ofB.with,withC.of,withD.with,of
12.JackhasstudiedChineseinthisschooltheyearof2000.
A.sinceB.inC.onD.by
13.IwasbornJuly2,andbirthdayiscomingsoon.
A.forB.atC.inD.on
14.TaiwanisapartofChina.It’sthesoutheastofourcountry.
A.toB.onC.inD.at
15.Isthestreettoonarrowforthebustogo?A.throughB.across
16.TheboysgreensportsshirtsarethefansofGuo’anTeam.
A.withB.inC.atD.from
17.It’sveryniceyoutogetmetwoticketstheWorldCup.
A.for,ofB.of,ofC.to,forD.of,to
18.Itisclearthatfishcan’tlivewater.
A.withB.withoutC.inD.under
19.Shesentherfriendapostcardabirthdaypresent.
A.onB.asC.forD.of
20.Hehasgotachairtosit,butnobodytotalk.
A.on,toB./,withC.on,/D./,to
21.We’redoingmuchbetterEnglishourteacher’shelp.
A.in,atB.at,inC.in,withD.with,with
中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)講練名詞
中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)講練名詞
有關(guān)名詞的重要考點(diǎn):
(一)名詞作定語:
1.Tomisan(八歲大)boy.
2.Iwillhaveaholidaysoon.
A.four-daysB.four-dayC.fourdaysD.fourdayE.fourdays’
3.It’soverfromHandantoBeijing.
A.threehours’driveB.threehour’sdriveC.threehours’drives
4.數(shù)字+more+名詞=another+數(shù)字+名“又、再”
Thedoctorworkedforaftertwelveo’clock.
A.twomorehoursB.twoanotherhourC.moretwohours
(二)名詞所有格:a、兩者共有在后邊一個(gè)加“’s”;b、兩者各自所有加兩個(gè)“’s”
1.Tom’scarismorebeautifulthan.
A.hisbrother’sandsisterB.hisbrother’sandsister’sC.hisbrother
2.fathercan’tgotothemeeting,becausehehasgonetoWuhan.
A.TomandMike’sB.Tom’sandMike’sC.TomandMike
(三)名詞前的修飾詞:
a、可數(shù)名詞前用:a(an),one,two,many,afew,few,several,anumberof+名復(fù),some,any,alotof=lotsof.
b、不可數(shù)名詞用:alittle,little,some,any,much,alotof=lotsof.
會(huì)區(qū)分:afew,few+可復(fù);alittle,little+不可加a表肯定,不加a表否定。
1.Therearefewinthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysomepotatoes,carrots.
A.eggsB.meatC.vegetablesD.fruit
2.MrCartisverybusywithhiswork.Hehastimetoreadbooks.
A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew
(四)一些特殊的名詞:advice建議(不可數(shù)),someadvice,apieceofadvice,news消息(不可數(shù)),apieceofnews,physics物理(用單謂),orange桔汁---anorange一個(gè)桔子,room空間---aroom房間,glass玻璃---aglass一個(gè)玻璃杯,chicken雞肉,小雞,fun不可數(shù)。Fun可數(shù)
1.Atthebeginningofnewterm,ourEnglishteachergaveusonhowtolearnEnglish.A.anadviceB.advicesC.muchadviceD.manyadvices
2.Iwilltellyou.A.agoodnewsB.apieceofgoodnewsw.zk5u.com
3.Swimmingisinsummer.A.agreatfunB.greatfunC.greatfuns
(五)voice、sound、noise的區(qū)別。Job、work的區(qū)別
Don’tmakesomuch.Thebabyissleeping.
---Whomadeaphonecallformejustnow?---Idon’tknow,butitwasagirls.Atthefootofthehillyoucouldhearnothingbuttheoftherunningwater.
基礎(chǔ)知識(shí):w.zk5u.com
分類:①專有名詞;②普通名詞(可數(shù)、不可數(shù));③名詞的數(shù):可數(shù)與不可數(shù);④名詞所有格:of、’s;⑤作用:作主語,定語。
(一)分類:專有名詞:地點(diǎn),機(jī)構(gòu),國(guó)家,地區(qū)的名稱,大寫第一個(gè)字母,不加冠詞:如:tom、china、may。注意:由有普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞加the如:theYellowRiver、theSummerPalace、theGreatWall。
(二)詞的數(shù):普通名詞分為可數(shù)和不可數(shù)。可數(shù)與變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則:
1.一般加s.book(s)desk(s)、bag(s)
2.以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾加es(iz)but(es)、box(es)、wish(es)、watch(es)、brush(rs)。
特殊:stomach(k)—復(fù)數(shù)stomachs。
3.以輔+y變y為i加escityladyfamily.
元音字母+y+sboy(s)
4.以f、fe結(jié)尾的把f、fe結(jié)尾變ves:thief、leaf、knife、wolf、wife、life、shelf.
5.以元音字母+o+s:zoo(s)、radio(s)、photo(s)。
以輔音字母+o+es:tomatoes、potatoes、heroes、Negroes。
6.不規(guī)則:child—childrenfoot—feettooth—teethmouse—miceman—men
woman—women
7.單、復(fù)同形:deer、sheep、fish、Chinese、Japanese。
8.總用復(fù)數(shù):people、police,作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
(三)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù):
物質(zhì)名詞:water、milk、rice、meet、bread
抽象名詞:fun、news、music、knowledge、information、advice
不可數(shù)名詞不和a(an)連用:但some、much、little、any、alotof可與不可數(shù)名
詞連用。
量的表示用:數(shù)詞+量詞+of+名詞
如:abottleoforange.twocupsoftea.apieceofadvice.adropofwater.
(四)名詞所有格:
1.…的,用of(無生命的):amapofChina、thelargesofthetree。
2.有生命的用’s:Tom’sbook、theteacher’sdesk。
注意:it’s=itisits它的都不是所有格
3.以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加’Teacher’Day
以s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞加’sthedress’scolour
4.表時(shí)間、距離、國(guó)家、團(tuán)體等無生命的東西用’stoday’snewspaper
5.共用和不共有
6.所有格后是地點(diǎn)時(shí)可省掉地點(diǎn)atthedoctor’s在診所atTom’s在湯姆家
7.雙重所有格:He’safriendofLiMing’s
(五)名詞的作用:
1.作主語:
a.表時(shí)間、金錢、距離的名詞加s后應(yīng)看成一個(gè)整體,謂語用單數(shù)twentyyearsisalongtime.
b.名詞加介詞(with,except)作主語時(shí),謂語根據(jù)名詞而定.w.zk5u.com
Theteacherwiththestudentsisplantingtrees.
2.作定語:
a.用單數(shù)形式computer、game、ice、cream、space、ship.
b.用manwoman作定語時(shí),其本身的單,復(fù)形式與被修飾的詞一致awomanteacher、–womanteachers
(六)常見考點(diǎn):
某國(guó)人:I’mEnglish.I’mChinese.I’manEnglishman.I’mChineseman.German(s)德國(guó)人—German德國(guó)。American—AmericaIndia—IndianAustralia—Australian
練習(xí)
1.WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?—I’dliketwo.
A.bottleofmilkB.bottlesofmilksC.bottlesofmilkD.bottleofmilks
2.MrsGreenismother.
A.MaryandKateB.Mary’sandKate’sC.Mary’sandKateD.MaryandKate’s
3.traminNo.4Middleschoolusedtohelpwiththeirtraining.
A.Boy’s,thegirlsB.Boy’s,thegirlC.Theboy’s,thegirls
4.Thenewsformymother.A.areB.wereC.beD.is
5.Allmyclassmates,exceptWuLin,interestedinsingingEnglishsongs.
A.isB.amC.areD.be
6.Myschoolisabouttwentywalkfromhere.
A.minuteB.minutes’C.minute’sD.minutesw.zk5u.com
7.I’mafraidthatthereisnoforyouinmycar.
A.landB.groundC.roomD.floor
8.Alotofstonetablesandchairsareoftheriverandthenumberfthemisgrowing.A.onbothside,greaterB.oneachsides,moreC.onbothsides,larger
9.LiQing’shandwritingisbetterthananyotherinhisclass.
A.studentsB.studentC.student’sD.students’
10.wenttoBeijingforaholiday.
A.ThesmithsB.Thesmith’sC.ThesmitbD.smiths
11.It’swalkfrommyhometoschool.
A.twohoursandahalfB.twoandahalfhours’C.twoandahalfhour’s
12.Therearemorethan100andtwoinschool.
A.manteachers,schoolsfactoriesB.womanteachers,schoolfactories
C.menteachers,schoolfactoriesD.womansteachers,schoolfactories
13.You’dbetternotmakesomuch.Theboyissleeping.
A.thingsB.mistakesC.voiceD.noise
14.Look!Thosethreearetalkingwiththethree.
A.Englishmen,GermanB.Englishmans,GermansC.Englishmen,Germans
15.MissSmithisafriendof.
A.Mary’smother’sB.Mary’smotherC.Marymother’sw.zk5u.com
16.Achildasksallkindsofwhileheisgrowingup.
A.troublesB.mattersC.problemsD.questions
17.Pleasekeepquiet.Ifyoumakealotof,youmaydisturbothers.
A.voiceB.noiseC.soundD.singingw.zk5u.com
18.Ihearwewillhaveaholidayin.
A.twoday’s,twoday’stimeB.two-day,twoday’stimeC.two-day,twodays’time
19.Yesterdaymymotherboughttwoandseveral.
A.pairsofshoe,chickenB.pairsofshoes,chickensC.pairofshoes,chickens