高中素質(zhì)練習(xí)教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2021-03-29Unit6Goingwest(同步講解與練習(xí))。
古人云,工欲善其事,必先利其器。教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案,這是教師的任務(wù)之一。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠在課堂積極的參與互動,幫助教師營造一個良好的教學(xué)氛圍。你知道如何去寫好一份優(yōu)秀的教案呢?下面是小編精心為您整理的“Unit6Goingwest(同步講解與練習(xí))”,相信您能找到對自己有用的內(nèi)容。
Unit6Goingwest(同步講解與練習(xí))
Unit6GoingWest同步講解
點(diǎn)擊詞匯表
1.a(chǎn)pplysthtosth運(yùn)用,應(yīng)用某事物
Theresultsofthisresearchcanbeappliedtonewdevelopmentsintechnology.
這項(xiàng)研究成果能應(yīng)用于新的技術(shù)開發(fā)方面。
I’dneverapplytheword“readable”toanyofhisbooks.
我決不會把他的任何一本書稱為是“可以一讀的”。
apply(tosb)(forsth)申請,請求
We’veappliedtoacharitableorganizationforagrantfortheproject.
我們已向一個慈善機(jī)構(gòu)提出申請,要求其為這個項(xiàng)目提供資助。
applytosb/sth與某人/某物有關(guān);有效;適用
WhatIhavesaidappliesonlytosomeofyou.
我所說的僅僅適用于你們中的部分人。
applyoneself/sthtosth/doingsth集中精力(做事);專心
Youwillonlypassyourexamsifyoureallyapplyyourselftoyourwork/studying.
你只有真正專心致志學(xué)習(xí),考試才能及格。
2.a(chǎn)dapt(sth/oneself)tosth適應(yīng)新環(huán)境等
Manysoftwarecompanieshaveadaptedpopularprogramstothenewoperatingsystem.
許多軟件公司改編通用程序以適應(yīng)新的操作系統(tǒng)。
Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthattheyadaptveryeasilytonewenvironment.
兒童的好處在于他們可以很容易地適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。
adaptsthforsb/sth使某事物適合于新的用途、情況等;修改某事物
Theplayhadbeenadaptedforchildren.
該劇已被改編適合兒童觀看。
3.a(chǎn)dd(sth)up加起來
Thewaitercan’taddup.
這個服務(wù)員不會算賬。
AddupallthemoneyIoweyou.
把我應(yīng)付你的錢都加在一起。
addupto...總計(jì),總共;相等于;意為
Thesenumbersaddupto100.
這些數(shù)目合計(jì)為100。
Thesecluesdon’treallyadduptoverymuch.
這些線索沒什么實(shí)際意義。
4.loseheart泄氣,灰心
Dontloseheartevenifyoufailintheexam.
考試中即使失敗了也不要失去信心。
5.takeit/thingseasy放松;不過分努力
IliketotakeiteasywhenI’monholiday.
我在假日里愿意輕松一些。
6.keepsthup繼續(xù)使某事物保持同樣的(通常指高的)水平;不讓(精力等)衰退,維持,保持;遵守某事物;保養(yǎng),維修(房屋,花園等)
WhenIstoppedstudying,IwasstillkeentokeepupFrench.
我不讀書了,可還是很想堅(jiān)持學(xué)法語。
Theysangsongstokeeptheirmoraleup.
他們唱著歌以保持高昂的士氣。
WhereverJewslivetogether,theykeepupoldcustoms.
猶太人聚居的地方,古老的風(fēng)俗都在沿襲著。
Thehouseisbecomingtooexpensiveforthemtokeepup.
他們的房子維修費(fèi)用貴得他們越來越維修不起了。
7.beyondprep.在或向(某物)的遠(yuǎn)處;遲于或超過(某一時(shí)間);越過(某事物)范圍;除了
Theroadcontinuesbeyondthevillageupintothehills.
這條路綿延不斷越過村子直入山中。
Shecarriedonteachingwellbeyondretirementage.
她早已超過退休年齡仍在教書。
After25yearsthetowncentrehadchangedbeyondrecognition.
25年過去了,市中心已變得認(rèn)不出來。
Ididn’tnoticeanythingbeyondhisratherstrangeaccent.
除了他那頗為古怪的口音以外,我沒注意到別的。
8.burdenn.重負(fù);(難以承擔(dān)的)職責(zé)、義務(wù)、責(zé)任等
Thelittledonkeystruggledunderitsheavyburden.
小驢在重負(fù)下掙扎。
Buyingahouseoftenplacesabigfinancialburdenonyoungcouples.
對于年輕夫婦來說,買房通常是一種沉重的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。
burden(v.)sb/oneself(withsth)加負(fù)擔(dān)于某人(自己)
Idon’twanttoburdenyouwithmyproblems.
我不想用我的問題給你增加負(fù)擔(dān)。
9.a(chǎn)ccustomedadj.慣常的,習(xí)慣的
ThisisnotthekindoftreatmentI’maccustomedto.
這不是我慣常受到的那種待遇。
10.onallfours雙手和雙膝著地,趴著
Thebabywascrawlingaboutonallfours.
嬰兒那時(shí)正在滿地爬。
11.deliverv.遞送,傳送(信件、包裹、貨物等);給予,發(fā)表
We’rehavingpizzadeliveredtowherewelivefordinnertonight.
我們讓人把比薩餅送上門,今晚當(dāng)晚飯吃。
Thepriestdeliveredapassionatespeechagainstwar.
牧師發(fā)表了一篇充滿激情的反戰(zhàn)演說。
12.gofor得到;爭取
ShetrippedmeasIwentfortheball.
我接球時(shí)她把我絆倒了。
AreyouplanningtogoforthescholarshiptoHarvardUniversity?
你打算爭取上哈佛的獎學(xué)金嗎?
詞語辨析
1.quit;stop;pause
這些詞都有“停止”的意思,但意思各有側(cè)重?!皅uit”除表示停止,更常用于表示離開某處或工作,辭職不干;“stop”是常用詞,表示使人或事物的活動、進(jìn)展、操作等停止,中止或暫停,另外還可以表示阻止的意思;“pause”則側(cè)重于中止、暫?;蛲nD的意思。
I’mgoingtoquitsmokingnextweek.
下星期我準(zhǔn)備戒煙。
Wouldyouquityourjobifyougotlotsofmoney?
如果得到大筆錢,你會不會辭去工作呢?
Hestoppedthemedicineandlefttheroom.
他停下機(jī)器,離開了房間。
Youcan’tstopourgoingifwewantto.
如果我們想去,你是阻止不了的。
Shepausedtogetherbreathbackandthencarriedonjogging.
她停下喘口氣然后繼續(xù)慢跑。
2.believe;believein
“believe”意思是相信某事物的真實(shí)性或認(rèn)為某人的話屬實(shí);“believein”意思是相信某事物或人,以及肯定某事物的價(jià)值或正確性,還可以表示相信某人或事物的存在。
Strangely,noonebelieveduswhenwetoldthemwe’dbeenvisitedbyacreaturefromMars.
奇怪的是,當(dāng)我們告訴他們一個火星人來過時(shí),居然沒人相信。
I’mtoldhe’sbeeninprison,andIcanwellbelieveit.
有人對我說他進(jìn)過監(jiān)獄,我完全能夠相信這一點(diǎn)。
TherobbersarebelievedtohaveescapedformHeathrowAirport.
據(jù)說強(qiáng)盜從西斯羅機(jī)場逃脫的。
Hebelievesingettingplentyofexercise.
他相信多做運(yùn)動必有好處。
Ibelieveinhisgoodcharacter,nomatterwhatyousay.
不管你怎么說,我相信他品德良好。
Doyoubelieveinghosts?
你相信有鬼嗎?
難句分析
1.Theanimalsdraggedtheirlegs,tooweakto...theirtongueshungout...(L12,Para.3)
這句話中的兩個劃線部分都在文章中充當(dāng)狀語,第一個是形容詞短語做狀語,并用“too...to...(太......而不能......)”結(jié)構(gòu)加以修飾;第二個劃線部分由名詞加過去分詞(表示被動)構(gòu)成,稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),該結(jié)構(gòu)還可以由名詞加現(xiàn)在分詞、不定式、形容詞、副詞或介詞短語構(gòu)成。
例:LittleMarywasstandinginfrontoftheheadmaster,tooafraidtosayaword.
小瑪麗站在校長面前,因?yàn)樘ε露f不出一句話。
Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday.
考試結(jié)束了,我們開始放假。
Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.
如果天氣允許,我們明天去看你。
Themeetinggoneover,everyonetiredtogohomeearlier.
會議結(jié)束后,每個人都想早點(diǎn)回家。
Hecameintotheroom,hisearsredwithcold.
他回到了房子里,耳朵凍壞了。
Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.
他夾著本厚書,走出了圖書館
2.Lyingaroundthemwerechains...(L3,Para.4)
這是一個表語提前的完全倒裝句,句子的主語是“chains”,”Lyingaroundthem”為表語。
例:Gonearethedayswhentheywoulddowhattheyliked.
他們可以隨心所欲的日子過去了。
PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.
出席會議的有懷特教授、史密斯教授以及其他的客人。
3.Ifuntreated,itwouldproduce...(P.53)
這句話涉及兩種語言現(xiàn)象,“ifuntreated”為狀語從句的省略:當(dāng)特定的連詞when,while,if,although,eventhough等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí),并且從句中出現(xiàn)be動詞,可以省略狀語從句的主語連同be動詞,留下連詞加分詞的形式;而主語的“itwould”則使用了虛擬語氣中的非真實(shí)條件句,表示未來事情發(fā)生的幾率不是很高。這句話說完整應(yīng)為“Ifitwereuntreated,itwouldproduce...”。
例:Don’tspeaktomeunlessspoketo.
除非我和你說話,否則不要和我說話。
Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.
過馬路時(shí)要當(dāng)心。
IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing.
如果我的律師上星期六在這里,他會阻止我去的。
Ifyoushouldsucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.
如果你成功了,一切都會好的。
Iftheywerehere,theywouldgiveyousomeadvice.
如果他們現(xiàn)在在這里,他們就會給你一些建議了。
經(jīng)典例析
1.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage________thegirlandtookheraway,________intothewoods.(2004上海春季卷)
A.seizing,disappearedB.seized,disappeared
C.seizing,disappearingD.seized,disappearing
[為你支招]本句中“drive”做定語修飾主語,“seize”是謂語動詞,并與后面的“take”并列,所以應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)形式;“disappear”放在句面,使用分詞形式充當(dāng)狀語,該詞為不及物動詞,應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。答案為D。
[熱點(diǎn)剖析]該題考查了學(xué)生確定謂語動詞的能力,同時(shí)也考查了分詞作定語和狀語的用法。
2.MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe________yourlecture.(2000上海卷)
A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveattended
C.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattended
[為你支招]根據(jù)上句所提供的語境,可以判斷出“他不可能聽了你的講座”,并且這件事發(fā)生在昨天下午,所以選擇答案A,表示對過去的否定性猜測。B的意思為“本不必做”,C的形式不存在,D的意思為“本不應(yīng)該做”。
[熱點(diǎn)剖析]該題考查了學(xué)生使用情態(tài)動詞表示猜測的能力。
3.----Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?
----Oh,that’s________.(2003北京春季卷)
A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedabout
C.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited
[為你支招]本題四個選項(xiàng)均為名詞性從句,充當(dāng)表語,語法結(jié)構(gòu)都是正確的;解題關(guān)鍵是根據(jù)上句判斷出意思符合的選項(xiàng)。答案為A.
[熱點(diǎn)剖析]該題考查了學(xué)生在語法正確的情況下,根據(jù)語境選擇答案的能力。
4.Icanthinkofmanycases________studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.(2003上海卷)
A.whyB.which
C.asD.where
[為你支招]本題主句完整,從句完整,根據(jù)選項(xiàng),可以判斷出此處需要一個關(guān)系副詞連接主句和定語從句;根據(jù)先行詞“case”,應(yīng)選擇答案D,表示“在這些情況下”,也可使用“inwhich”。
[熱點(diǎn)剖析]該題考查了學(xué)生根據(jù)語境選擇定語從句連接詞的能力。
5.They________ontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,andnowwe________itasnogoodresultshavecomeoutsofar.(2005江蘇卷)
A.hadbeenworking;arestillworkingB.hadworked;werestillworking
C.havebeenworking;haveworkedD.haveworked;arestillworking
[為你支招]本題中前一個空格發(fā)生的動作在“我加入”之前,并且延續(xù)了一段時(shí)間,所以使用過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí);后一個空格表示目前正在進(jìn)行的動作,使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。答案為A.
[熱點(diǎn)剖析]該題考查了學(xué)生正確運(yùn)用謂語動詞時(shí)態(tài)的能力。
語法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)----定語
單項(xiàng)選擇:
1.Hehasmadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,________ofgreatimportancetoscience.
A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitis
C.ofwhichIthinkitisD.Ithinkwhichis
2.----Canyoutellmeanythingaboutthefire________lastnight?
----I’mafraid,________.
A.thatbrokeout,verylittleB.brokeout,justalittle
C.happened,onlyalittleD.takingplace,alittle
3.Thepicture________onthewallispaintedbymynephew.
A.havinghungB.hanging
C.hangsD.beinghung
4.Withthelittle________money,thechildtoldmeina________voicethatonthewayhome,mostofhismoneyhadbeenstolen.
A.remained,trembledB.remaining,trembling
C.remaining,trembledD.remained,trembleing
5.WehaveheardofThomasEdison,________whoinventedtheelectriclightandmanyotherthings.
A.manB.aman
C.themanD.what
6.----Willyouplease________thenewteacherforus?
----I’mgladto.He’sa________manwithgoodmanners.
A.describe,handsometallyoungB.introduce,tallyounghandsome
C.say,handsomeyoungtallD.tell,younghandsometall
7.Asmanystudents________werepresentagreedtomyplan.
A.whoB.that
C.whichD.as
8.Theproblem________atpresenthassomethingimportanttodowithourworkingconditions.
A.discussB.tobediscussing
C.beingdiscussedD.todiscuss
9.Peopleneedhouses________andfood________.
A.tolive,toeatB.tolivein,toeat
C.living,eatingD.tolivein,tobeeaten
10.You’dbetterthinkof________possibilitiesbeforedoingit.
A,suchtheseB.theseall
C.allsuchD.suchall
11.IfIhad________,I’dvisitEurope,stoppingatallthesmallinterestingplaces.
A.alongenoughholidayB.anenoughlongholiday
C.aholidayenoughlongD.alongholidayenough
12.Theycouldonlyreadsuchstories________hadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish.
A.thatB.which
C.asD.what
13.Shestudiedhardwhenshewasinschool,________contributesgreatlytohercareer.
A.thatB.so
C.sothatD.which
14.Youcancometoseemefromonetotwoo’clock,________Iwillstayathome.
A.duringthetimeB.duringthattime
C.duringwhichtimeD.duringwhich
15.Thisaccidenttookplaceona________morninginSeptember.
A.SundercoldrainyB.rainySundaycold
C.rainycoldSundayD.coldrainySunday,
16.Shanghaihasa________populationofovertenmillion.
A.completeB.whole
C.totalD.all
17.----I’mgoingtoBeijingnextweek.Doyouhaveanything________there?
----No,butthankyouallthesame.
A.takenB.totake
C.takingD.tobetaken
18.Weheldthemeetinginameetingroom,________2000people.
A.holdingB.held
C.toholdD.whichwasheld
19.Whenlostinwork,________heoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingandsleeping.
A.whichB.so
C.justlikeD.as
20.Isitthecountry________youstudied________youaregoingtovisitnextweek?
A.inwhich,whichB.where,that
C.that,thatD.which,that
答案:1-5AABCC6-10ADCBC11-15ACDCD16-20CDADB
高考試題鏈接
1.Theplace________thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe________thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.(2005江蘇卷)
A.which,whereB.atwhich,which
C.atwhich,whereD.which,inwhich
2.________aboutwildplantsthattheydecidedtomakeatriptoMadagascarforfurtherresearch.(2005江蘇卷)
A.SocuriousthecouplewasB.Socuriouswerethecouple
C.HowcuriousthecouplewereD.Thecouplewassuchcurious
3.Alltheroomsare________withelectriclights.(1995上海卷)
A.suppliedB.given
C.offeredD.burnt
4.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce________nothingcanbedonetochangeit.(2002全國卷)
A.beginsB.havingbegun
C.beginningD.begun
5.Withalotofdifficultproblems________,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002上海春季卷)
A.settledB.settling
C.tosettleD.beingsettled
6.Theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveronce________witheachother.(2003全國卷)
A.theyhadquarrelledB.theyhavequarrelled
C.havetheyquarrelledD.hadtheyquarrelled
7.Mr.Smith,________ofthe________speech,startedtoreadanovel.(2003北京春季卷)
A.tired,boringB.tiring,bored
C.tired,boredD.tiring,boring
8.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You________homewithoutaword.(2001全國卷)
A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleft
C.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave
9.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear,________forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.(2000北京春季卷)
A.thatB.while
C.whichD.when
10.Unless________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.(2003上海卷)
A.invitedB.inviting
C.beinginvitedD.havinginviting
答案:1-5CBADC6-10CABDAwww.lvshijia.net
延伸閱讀
Unit6Goingwest(詳案)
Unit6Goingwest(詳細(xì)教案)
Period2Warmingup,listeningandspeaking
Teachingaims:Trytoimprovethestudentsabilitiesoflisteningandspeaking
Step1Warmingup
Askthestudentstofillouttheform,writetheirscoreforeachquestionintheboxandaddupthetotalscore.
Step2Listening
Listentothetapeandfinishtheexercisesonpage47.
Step3Speaking
Thespeakingactivityistiedinwiththelistening.Encouragethestudentstothinkcreatively.
Period3Reading
Teachingaims:
1.Helpthestudentsimprovetheskillsofsummarizingandscanning.
2.Underlineandanalyzesomekeyphrasesandsentences.
3.Getthestudentstoknowtheimportanceofperseverance.
Fast-reading
1Whendidwedecidetomovetoanotherplace?1845,10
2Howlongdidthejourneylast?Aboutayear
3Whatisourfirstdestination?IndiaGreekinKansas
4Isthejourneyhard?Canyoumakesomeexamplesaboutit?
Yes,itishard.Youcanmakemanyexamples.
Careful-reading
Exercise1.TrueorFalse
5.Ittookmuchtimeforthewritertodecidewhattheyshouldbringforthejourney.(T)
6.Wetraveledalone.(Fwithmanyotherfamilies)
7.IndianGreekinKansaswasthemeetingplaceforpeoplemovingtotheeast.(F)
8.OnNovember4,1846,thetravelersenteredtheSaltLakeDesertandsoonlosttheirway.(T)
9.Thetravelersburntheiranimalsbecausetheywereill.(F)
10.Thetravelerswereshockedtoseethehorsesandoxen,sufferingfromheat,thirst,andstarvation.(F)
11.Duringthejourney,thetravelerswerehelpfultoeachother.(F)
12.WhenayoungmaninourgroupsuggestedthatIstaybehindwiththechildrenandwaitforhelp,Iagreed.(FIdidn’tagree.)
13.Whentheanimalssmeltthewater,theyallran.(T)
Exercise2
Choosethebestanswers
1.ThereasonwhymyfatherwantedtogotoCaliforniaisthat.答案:C
A.CaliforniawasindesertB.Californiawasfaraway
C.Californiawasawonderfullanddescribedinabook
D.CaliforniawasthelargeststateintheUSA
2.Peoplemovingtothewestwouldmeetin.答案:A
A.KansasB.CaliforniaC.SaltLakeValleyD.SaltLakeDesert
3.OnwhichdaydidtheauthorentertheSaltLakeDesert?答案:B
A.April12.B.November4.C.October15.D.December25.
4.Whydidthetravelerscalltheirninety-miledrivethroughtheSaltLakeDesertthe“LongDrive”?答案:D
ABecausethelandscapewasdryandbarren.B.Becausewaterwassaltyandnotdrinkable.
C.Becausetheirwatersupplywassolow.D.Alloftheabove.
5.Afterthetravelersburnttheirwagons,theyhadtogoontheirfeetwithanothermilestogo.B
A.2500B.500C.90D.45
6.Whydidn’ttheauthorstaybehindwiththechildrenandwaitforhelp?A
A.Becausethatmeanthe/shewoulddie.
B.Becausehe/sheknewthatchildrenweretiresome.
C.Becausehe/sheknewthattherewasawagonwaitingforhim/her.
D.Becausehe/shefelthe/shecouldgetaprizebyhis/herfather.
7.Theanimalsalmostranwhenthetravelersreachedtheedgeofthedesert,why?答案:C
A.Becausetheyweretiredandweak.B.Becausetheyhadnoburden.
C.Becausetheymusthavesmeltthewater.D.Becausetheywentbacktotheirhome.
8.Howlongdidtheauthorspendfinishingthejourney?答案:A
A.Morethan40months.B.About2months.
C.Aboutayear.D.Aboutayearandamonth.
9.Fromthetext,wecaninfer.答案:D
A.theauthorandthetravelershadtogoalldayandallnightlong
B.therewasnooxenleftwhenthetravelersreachedCalifornia
C.manytravelersdiedwhentheirdaysofhardshipcametoanend
D.it’salongwaytotravelfromtheauthor’shometowntoCalifornia
10.Thebesttitleofthetextis.答案:B
A.AJourneyToCaliforniaB.LongDrive
C.TheSaltLakeDesertD.EnjoyYourLife
Detailedreading
1.Fillinthechart:
TimeEvents
October,1845setoffforthejourney
April,1846continuedthejourneywestward
November,1846enteredthedesertandlosttheway
FormanyweekstravelintheDeathValley
ChristmasDayreachedthepromisedland
2.Themainideaofthetext:
Thetextrelatedastorythatthehero’sfamilyandmanyotherfamiliesmovedtotheWest.TheyranintomanydifficultiesonthewaytotheWest.Facedwiththedifficulties,theydidn’tgiveup.FinallytheygottotheWestandstartedanewlife.
Part1(1)Thecauseandthebeginningofthejourney
Part2(2)Thefirstdestinationofthejourney
Part3(3-5)Themosttryingpartofthejourney
Part4(6)Reachingthepromisedland(Theendofthejourney)
Post-reading
Questions:
1Whereinthetextdoyoufindevidencethatthewagonswerenothemostsuitablemeansoftransport?Youcanfindyouranswersinparagraph3.
2Whydidthetravelerscalltheirninetymile-drivethroughtheSaltLakeDesertthe“l(fā)ongdrive”?
Wehadtotravellongwithoutwaterorgrassfortheanimalstoeat.Itwashard.
3Whatcanyoulearnfromthisreadingpassage?Whatimpressesyoumost?
1)Aftersufferingfrommanydifficulties,wecanliveabetterlife.Facingthehardship,nevergiveup,etc.
2)Thecourageofthepeopleimpressesmemost.
Period4LanguagePoints
Teachingaims:
1.Graspsomeimportantphrasesinthetext.
2.Learnsomelanguagepoints.
Step1Revision
1.Whatcanwelearnfromthistext?
Whenwecomeacrossproblems,weshouldn’ttrytoescape.Instead,weshouldlearntofacerealityandsolvetheproblems.Aslongasweovercomethedifficultiesandnevergiveup,wewillachieveourgoalsandsucceed.Moreover,weallhavedreamsinourheart.Aslongasweinsistandkeepmakinggreatefforts,Ibelievewewillmakeourdreamscometrueoneday.
2.Consolidation
Inthe______of1845,afterhisfatherreadabookabout_________,hedecidedto_____there.Hisfamilyandmanyotherfamilies________fortheirjourneybythemiddleofOctober.Aftertravelingthrough_________,theyhadtospend__________inKansas.Until____________,theywouldn’tleave.Theytraveledbyday.OnNovember4,1846,theyentered__________andsoonlosttheirway.Duetolackof______________,theoxenhadnostrengthtopullthewagonsandwereburnt.Peoplehadnochoicebuttocoveranother500miles________.Atlast,they_________allthedifficultiesandgottothewestonthemorningof_____________.Theystartedtheirnewlifethere.
Keys:spring,California,move,4states,thewinter,April12,1846,thedesert,waterandgrass,onfoot,overcame,ChristmasDay
Step2Languagestudy
1.beyond[]介詞prep.
1).在(到)…較遠(yuǎn)的一邊
Whatliesbeyondthemountains?山的那一邊有什么?
2).晚于;超過
Thisworkisbeyondmygrasp.這件工作非我力所能及。
Dontstaytherebeyondmidnight.不要過了午夜還留在那兒。
3).為…所不能及;多于;超出
Understandingthisarticleisbeyondmycapacity(能力).我看不懂這篇文章。
Itsquitebeyondmewhyshemarriedsuchaheavysmoker.我實(shí)在無法理解為什么她會嫁給這樣一個煙鬼。
Thefruitisbeyondmyreach.那個果子我夠不著。
4).(常用于含疑問或否定意義的結(jié)構(gòu)中)除...之外
Hehasnothingbeyondthehouse.除這幢房子外,他別的什么也沒有。
*beyondallpraise贊美不盡beyondbelief難以置信
beyondcompare無與倫比的beyonddescription無法形容
beyondwords無法用語言表達(dá)
2.leavebehind忘了帶;留下
Iveleftmypenbehind.我忘了帶筆。
I’mafraidwemustleaveXiaoLinbehind.恐怕我們得把小林留下。
WhenhewenttoworkinSaudiArabia,hehadtoleavehisfamilybehind.
他前往沙特阿拉伯工作時(shí),他不得不留下他的家人。
*leavesthaside不考慮leavealone不打擾
leaveout遺漏leaveoff停止
3.burdenn.負(fù)擔(dān);責(zé)任,義務(wù):
Theoldmanbentwithaheavyburdenonhisback.老人因背著重負(fù)而彎腰。
Hecouldnotcarrytheburdenalone.他一人挑不起這副擔(dān)子。
Theburdenoforganizingthecampaignfelltome.組織這次活動的責(zé)任落到了我頭上
Itisaburdentothepeople.這對人民是一種負(fù)擔(dān)。
Theburdenfellonme.責(zé)任落在我身上。
vt.
1.)加重壓于,加負(fù)擔(dān)于,煩擾[(+with)]
Thegovernmentburdenedthenationwithheavytaxes.政府使國民負(fù)擔(dān)重稅。
2.)加負(fù)荷于,使載重[(+with)]
Hewasburdenedwithalargebundleofmagazines.他吃力地捧著一大捆雜志。
4.desperate[]a.危急的;絕望的,極嚴(yán)重的
Hewasdesperatewhenhelostallhismoney.當(dāng)他丟了所有的錢時(shí),他絕望了。
Theprisonersgrewincreasinglydesperate.犯人越來越絕望。
thedesperatelookofhunger;adesperatecryforhelp.饑餓者臉上那絕望的樣子;絕望的呼救聲
adesperateillness;絕癥;adesperatesituation.危險(xiǎn)境地
5.accustomed[]a.
1).慣常的,通常的
2).習(xí)慣的,適應(yīng)了的
heraccustomedsmile她慣常的微笑
Heisaccustomedtoworkhard一向勤奮工作
Iamaccustomedtosleepinglate.我習(xí)慣于睡得很晚
Imnotaccustomedtogettingupsoearlytodomorningexercises.我不習(xí)慣這么早起床進(jìn)行晨練。
I’vebeenaccustomedtolookingafterthem.
It’lltaketimeformetoaccustommyselftothechanges.我需要花時(shí)間來適應(yīng)這些變化.
6.starvation[]n.饑餓;挨餓;餓死[U]
Theoldwomandiedofstarvation.老婦人被活活餓死。
starve[]vi.
1).餓死
Theexplorersstarvedtodeathinthedesert.探險(xiǎn)者們在沙漠中餓死了。
2).挨餓
3).餓得慌
Letsgetsomethingtoeat;Imstarving.我們吃點(diǎn)東西吧;我餓壞了。
4).渴望;極需要(+for)
Theplantsarestarvingforwater.這些植物極需要水。
7.anxiety[]n.
1).焦慮,掛念[U][C][(+about/for)]
Themotherwasfilledwithanxietyaboutherdaughtershealth.母親為女兒的健康憂心忡忡。
2)焦慮的原因;令人焦慮之事[C][(+to)]
Thatisagreatanxietytome.那是一件使我深感焦慮的事情。
3).渴望[C][(+for)][+to-v]
Theiranxietytogowasobvious.他們想去的急切心情是顯而易見的。
8.cometoanend結(jié)束
Themeetingcametoanendatlast.會議終于結(jié)束了。
cometoastop停止cometoadecision作出決定cometoaconclusion得出結(jié)論
cometoaperson’said援助某人cometoanarrangement(agreement)達(dá)成協(xié)議
Allgoodthingsmustcometoanend.一切好事遲早都會結(jié)束。(天下沒有不散的宴席。)
attheendof在...結(jié)尾,在....末端intheend最后,終于
bringtoanend使…結(jié)束onendonend豎著,連續(xù)地
makeanendof終止,除掉end(up)with以――告終
putanendto結(jié)束,終止makeendsmeet收支相抵
9.loseone’swaybecomelost迷路;迷失
Lilylostherwayinthewoods.莉莉在森林里迷了路。
feelone’swayfightone’swaymakeone’sway
pushone’swaywindone’sway
Step3Translation
1.believein信任;信耐
2.standfor代表;代替
3.adaptto適宜
4.loseheart灰心;泄氣
5.becastaway(被)拋棄
6.giveup放棄
7.lessthan少于;不足
8.setofffor開始(旅程;賽跑);出發(fā)
9.moveon繼續(xù)前進(jìn)
10.taketheway出發(fā);首途
11.loseone’sway迷路
12.hangout伸出
13.indesperateneedof在極度需要的(時(shí)候)
14.onourfeet=onfoot步行
15.beaccustomedtodoingsth.(通常用于被動語態(tài))習(xí)慣于
16.sufferfrom患病;遭受……之苦
17.hurryonto(with)趕緊辦理;急急忙忙地去做某事
18.stoptodosth.停下來去做某事
19.startdoingsth.開始做某事
20.goonallfours用四肢
21.(at)theedgeofof(在)……邊緣
22.stareat瞪視;凝視
23.cometoanend結(jié)束;終止
24.araceagainsttime與時(shí)間賽跑
25.save…from挽救……免于
26.takeupto占用(時(shí)間;空間)
27.atstake在危險(xiǎn)中;關(guān)系重大
28.riskone’slifeto冒險(xiǎn)去做某事
29.apply…to…運(yùn)用;應(yīng)用
30.addup(兩個或兩個以上的數(shù)量或量)加起來
31.takeiteasy別緊張;放松點(diǎn)
32.keepup維持;保持;使某事處于高水平
33.commonsense常識;情理
34.leavebehind忘帶;留下
35.livethroughsth.經(jīng)歷某事物而幸存
36.tieup系;拴;捆
37.gofor為……去;努力獲取
Period5WordstudyandGrammar
Teachingaims:
1.Toreviewthewordsandexpressionslearnedinthereading.
2.TosummarizetheusagesoftheAttribute.
Period6Integratingskills
Teachingaims:
1.Togetthestudentstounderstandsomewordsandphrasesinthetext.
2.Tohelpthestudentssummarizethemainpointsaftertheyreadthedialogue.
Step1Skimming
Afterreadingthetext,answerthefollowingquestions:
(1)Whatdidthedialoguemainlytellus?
ThedialoguemainlytoldusaboutthehistoryoftheAnchorage-to-Nomedogsledraces.
(2)Forwhatpurposedidthepeopleusethedogteam?
PeopleusedthedogteamtodeliverthevaccinefromAnchoragetoNome.
Step2Scanning
Findsomeinformationtofillinchart:
Thebriefintroductiontothestory
ThetimeInthewinterof1925
TheplaceAsmallcitycalledNome
TheplotAterriblediseasecalleddiphtheriastruckNome,buttherewerenoenoughvaccine.
Luckily,thedoctorsfoundagoodsupplyofitinAnchorage.However,thefrozenseaandtheshortageoftheplanemadeitimpossibletodeliverthevaccinefast.Sopeopledecidedtouseadogteam.Thesedogsandtheirdriversovercameallthedifficultyandworkeddayandnighttomakesurethevaccinecanarriveontime.
TheresultThechildrenweresavedbythevaccinebecauseofthegreateffortsmadebythedogsandtheirdrivers.Inordertoremembertheseheroes,thelocalpeoplesetabronzesculptureofadoginNewYork’sCentralPark.Thisisamemorialtoallwho
Riskedtheirlivestosavethoseofothers.
Step3Furtherreading
Judgewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse:
(1)Thefirstdogracewasaraceagainsttime.(T)
(2)ThediseasewhichstrucktheNomewascalledflu.(F)
(3)Ifdoctorscouldn’tgetenoughvaccine,thechildrenwoulddiequitesoon.(T)
(4)Thedoctorscoulddonothingbutusethedogteamtodeliverthevaccinebecausetherewerenotenoughshipsandplanes.(F)
(5)Duringthejourney,thedogsandtheirdriversshouldfightagainstthehotweather.(F)
(6)Whenthedogsandtheirdriversarrivedontime,theywerewarmlywelcomed.(F)
Step4Languagestudy
1.anniversary周年紀(jì)念;周年紀(jì)念日
aweddinganniversarythe20thanniversaryofourcountry’sindependence
2.deliver:釋放,移交,投遞,發(fā)表,給予,表達(dá)
deliversb.fromsth.把某人從…解救出來deliversthto/oversb把某物交付某人.
deliveramessage帶信,傳話deliveraspeech發(fā)表講話
deliverover(up)(to)移交,交給deliverababy生孩子
Hedeliveredhimselfuptothepolice.他向警方自首了.
Ideliveredthemessageandparceltoher.我把信和包裹交給了她.
3.staken.樁,水刑柱,賭注v.系于柱上,打賭
tiesthtoastake把…拴在柱子上playforhighstakes下大賭注賭錢
stake…on…把…押在…上beatstake生死攸關(guān)
Hestakedallhishopesonhisson’ssuccessasastateman.
他把所有的希望都寄托在兒子身上,盼望他成為成功的政治家
Heleftthegamblinggamewhentheyplayedforhighstakes.
賭注太高時(shí)他離開了賭局
I’mgoingtostakeonthatwatch.那塊表我押5美元.
Ourchildren’slifeisatstake.孩子們的生命瀕臨危險(xiǎn).
4.riskn.風(fēng)險(xiǎn),保險(xiǎn)對象vt.冒…的危險(xiǎn)
dosthattheriskofone’slife=riskone’slifetodosth冒生命危險(xiǎn)去做…
atallrisks=atanyrisk無論冒什么危險(xiǎn),無論如何
at(one’s)risk有危險(xiǎn)
run(take)arisk(risks)=riskdoingsth冒險(xiǎn)
Ifyougooutwithoutyourraincoat,youruntheriskofgettingwet.
如果你出門不帶雨衣,就有可能被淋濕.
Wecan’triskyourcatchingthemeasles.我們不能讓你冒染上麻疹的危險(xiǎn)
Toomanyliveswereatrisk.太多的人有生命危險(xiǎn)
5.preventv.preventionn.preventable可預(yù)防的preventive預(yù)防的
preventsbfromdoingpreventdisease
Trytopreventfiresindryweather.干旱天氣預(yù)防火災(zāi)
Therewasnothingtopreventhimbecomingengaged.沒有什么能阻止他訂婚
Preventionofillnessisbetterthancuringit.防病勝過治病
6.covervt.掩蓋,掩護(hù),包括,走過,支付,報(bào)道n.蓋子,封面
becoveredwith蓋著…fromcovertocover從頭至尾
cover6miles走了6英里coveraconference采訪會議
covertheexpense負(fù)擔(dān)費(fèi)用acoverfor…蓋子
Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.她用手蒙住了臉.
Ididn’tcoverasmuchgroundasIhadwanted.我沒有走完我原打算走的那么多路.
Thisreportcoveredallaspectsoftheproblem.這個報(bào)告涵蓋了這個問題的所有層面
Step5Translation
1.theeightiethanniversaryofsth.…80周年紀(jì)念日
2.araceagainsttime與時(shí)間賽跑,搶時(shí)間
3.save…from挽救……免于
4.therewaswidespreadrelief足以令人欣慰
5.Everyminutecounted/counts.沒分鐘都非常關(guān)鍵。
6.upto一直到,等于
7.atstake在危險(xiǎn)中;關(guān)系重大
8.thegoldenraysofthedawn黎明的第一道曙光
9.amemorialtosb./sth.的紀(jì)念館
10.riskone’slifetodo/doing冒險(xiǎn)去做某事riskdoing
11.diseasesofthatkind那樣的病
12.ahistoricalevent歷史事件
《采薇》同步練習(xí)
一名優(yōu)秀的教師就要對每一課堂負(fù)責(zé),高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案為之后的教學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備。教案可以讓學(xué)生們充分體會到學(xué)習(xí)的快樂,使高中教師有一個簡單易懂的教學(xué)思路。關(guān)于好的高中教案要怎么樣去寫呢?為此,小編從網(wǎng)絡(luò)上為大家精心整理了《《采薇》同步練習(xí)》,歡迎您參考,希望對您有所助益!
《采薇》同步練習(xí)
一、知識積累
1.給下列加點(diǎn)字注音:
犭嚴(yán)狁之故()()不遑啟居()我戍未定()
王事不盬()小人所腓()靡使歸聘()
2.下列四組詞語中沒有錯別字的一組是()
A.望風(fēng)披糜憂心忡忡即來之,則安之世外桃園
B.糜糜之音縱橫馳聘彌天大謊人才輩出
C.兵荒馬亂戍馬倥傯倉遑逃竄箭拔弩張
D.尋物啟事莫名其妙滄桑巨變山清水秀
3.下列加點(diǎn)詞語解釋有誤的一項(xiàng)是()
A.采薇采薇,薇亦作止:句尾語氣助詞,無實(shí)義。
B.我戍未定,靡使歸聘:問候
C.行道遲遲:很晚
D.戎馬既駕,四牡業(yè)業(yè):高大的樣子
4.下列各組句中,每句都包含有通假字的一組是()
A.歲亦莫止/我戍未定B.憂心孔疚/我行不來
C.彼爾維何/彼路斯何D.象弭魚服/小人所腓
5.下列有關(guān)《詩經(jīng)》常誤,表述有誤的一項(xiàng)是()
A.《詩經(jīng)》是我國最早的一部詩歌總集,共收入從西周初期到春秋中葉約五百年間的詩歌305篇,有“詩三百”之稱。
B.《詩經(jīng)》為我國古典文字現(xiàn)實(shí)主義傳統(tǒng)的監(jiān)觴,漢代儒家將其奉為經(jīng)典,列為“五經(jīng)”之首;“楚辭”是我國浪漫主義文學(xué)的先河,以《離騷》為代表,因此又稱“騷體”詩。
C.《詩經(jīng)》依據(jù)音樂的不同分為《風(fēng)》、《雅》、《頌》三部分,其中《風(fēng)》又稱為《國風(fēng)》,藝術(shù)成就最高;《詩經(jīng)》的形式以四言為主,普遍采用賦、比、興的手法,與“風(fēng)”、“雅”、“頌”合稱為《詩經(jīng)》六藝。
D.《雅》分《大雅》和《小雅》,作者多屬貴族階級;詩作以歌頌和維護(hù)其統(tǒng)治為基本傾向。《采薇》是《大雅》中的一篇。
二、課文揣摩與拓展
6.《采薇》一共分為六章,概括各部分的內(nèi)容:
第1章寫
第2、3章寫
第4、5章寫
第6章寫
全詩體現(xiàn)了
7.閱讀4、5兩章,完成下列題目
(1)“彼爾維何,維常之華。彼路斯何。君子之車?!焙單鲞@四句詩表現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容及作用的藝術(shù)手法。
內(nèi)容:
藝術(shù)手法:
(2)“牡”在詩中指駕車的雄馬,其本義是,其反義詞是。請寫出含“牡”或其反義詞的成語:。
(3)請結(jié)合“四牡骙骙”、“四牡翼翼”“四牡業(yè)業(yè)”“象弭魚服”等詩句,說說本詩描寫戰(zhàn)爭面的特色:
。
8.閱讀下面《詩經(jīng)》里的一首詩,完成詩后的題目。
秦風(fēng)·兼葭
蒹葭蒼蒼①,白露為霜。所謂伊人,在水一方。溯洄②從之,道阻且長;溯游③從之,宛在水中央。兼葭凄凄,白露未晞④。所謂伊人,在水之湄⑤,溯洄從之,道阻且躋⑥;溯游從之,宛在水中坻⑦。兼葭采采,白露未已⑧。所謂伊人,在水之涘⑨。溯洄從之,道阻且右⑩;溯游從之,宛在水中沚⑾。
【注釋】①蒼蒼:茂盛的樣子。下文“凄凄(同‘萋萋’)”“采采”都與“蒼蒼”的意思相同。②溯:在水中逆流而行或在岸上向上行走。洄,曲折盤旋的水道。③游:通“流”,直流的水道。④晞(xī):曬干。⑤湄(méi):岸邊,水與草交接的地方。⑥躋(jī):升高,意為地勢越來越高,行走費(fèi)力。⑦坻(chí):水中高地。⑧未已:未干。已,止。⑨涘(sì):水邊。⑩右:迂回彎曲。⑾沚(zhǐ):水中高地。
(1)這首詩的主旨,歷來說法不一。細(xì)讀全詩后,選出比較合理可信的一項(xiàng)()
A.諷刺秦國君主不用周禮,不能納賢求士。
B.描寫追求“在水一方”的“伊人”,“伊人”泛指一般的人。
C.描寫對朋友(“伊人”)的思念之情。
D.描寫熱戀者對意中人的急切追求和可望而不可即的惆悵失望的心情。
(2)這首詩與《詩經(jīng)》中其他許多詩篇一樣,各章有的句子重復(fù),有的只更換一兩個字。這種表達(dá)形式有什么好處?
答:
。
(3)把第1、2兩章改寫成新詩。
第1章:
。
第2章:
。
《采薇》課后作業(yè)答案
1.略;2.D;3.C;4.C;5.D;
6.第1章:戍卒為抗擊外族的侵犯,背井離鄉(xiāng),久不得歸而產(chǎn)生的悲傷。厭戰(zhàn)和對外族的仇恨。
第2、3章:軍旅生活之苦。
第4、5章:戰(zhàn)爭場面。
第6章:戍卒歸途中悲傷痛苦的心情。
全詩:普通士兵在離鄉(xiāng)出征的歲月里的艱苦生活和內(nèi)心傷痛,表達(dá)了對戰(zhàn)爭的不滿和對故鄉(xiāng)的思念。
7.(1)內(nèi)容:由駐防地盛開棠棣之花的環(huán)境,引出將帥所乘的高大兵車。
藝術(shù)手法:以環(huán)境的優(yōu)美反襯戰(zhàn)爭的激烈;設(shè)問手法,自問自答,引出描寫對象。
(2)雄性的鳥獸牝牝雞司晨、牝牡驪黃牡牝不分。
(3)本詩十分注重用具體生動的細(xì)節(jié)來展現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭生活的圖景。詩人對戰(zhàn)爭場面的描寫,并不是直接寫刀光劍影和廝打拼殺,而是寫戰(zhàn)馬“業(yè)業(yè)”,“骙骙”“翼翼”,寫“象弭”“魚服”,讓人想象到戰(zhàn)爭的慘烈。
8.(1)D
(2)這種表達(dá)形式,環(huán)環(huán)相扣,層層遞進(jìn),有助于強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的特征,突出人物的性格,渲染環(huán)境氣氛,還能增強(qiáng)詩歌的音樂性和節(jié)奏感,形成一種回環(huán)往復(fù)的韻律美。
(3)略。
GoingWest教案
一位優(yōu)秀的教師不打無準(zhǔn)備之仗,會提前做好準(zhǔn)備,高中教師在教學(xué)前就要準(zhǔn)備好教案,做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好地進(jìn)入課堂環(huán)境中來,幫助授課經(jīng)驗(yàn)少的高中教師教學(xué)。那么一篇好的高中教案要怎么才能寫好呢?下面是小編為大家整理的“GoingWest教案”,歡迎您閱讀和收藏,并分享給身邊的朋友!
GoingWest教案
TheFourthPeriod?
TeachingAims:?
1.Reviewallthelanguagepointsandthegrammar—theAttributeinthisunit.?
2.Learnandmasterthefollowingphrases:?
tieup,atstake,gofor?
3.Dosomereadingandwritingpracticetoimprovethestudents’integratingskills.?
4.Learnhowtowriteastory.?
TeachingImportantPoints:?
1.Improvethestudents’integratingskills.?
2.Helpthestudentswriteastorywell.?
TeachingDifficultPoints:?
1.Howtohelpthestudentsunderstandthereadingpassagebetter.?
2.Howtohelpthestudentscompletethewriting.?
TeachingMethods:?
1.Doingsomeexercisestoreviewwhatthey’velearntinthisunit.?
2.Readingandunderstandingtoimprovethestudents’readingability.?
3.Writingpracticetoimprovethestudents’writingability.?
4.Individual,pairorgroupworktomakeeverystudentbeactiveinclass.?
TeachingAids:?
1.themultimedia?
2.ataperecorder?
3.theblackboard?
TeachingProcedures:?
StepⅠGreetings?
Greetthewholeclassasusual.?
StepⅡRevision?
T:Yesterdaywereviewedthegrammar—theAttribute.Weknowthatadjectives,pronouns,adverbs,todo,v.-ing,v.-ed,attributiveclauses,ect.areallpossibletobeusedastheAttribute.Now,pleaselookatthescreenanddotheexercisetoseeifyouhavemasteredthemwellenough.?
(Teachershowstheexerciseonthescreenandasksthestudentstodoitonebyone.)?
UnderlinetheAttributeineachsentenceandtellwhatisusedasAttribute.?
1.Theworldinwhichweliveismadeofmatter.?
2.Thehomeworkfortodayistowriteasix-hundred-wordcompositionaboutyourhometown.?
3.Thisisthelaboratorysetupbythestudentsthemselves.?
4.Theroomfacingsouthisourbedroom.?
5.Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.?
6.Shetookthesecondplaceinthebeautycontest.?
Suggestedanswers:?
1.inwhichwelive(anattributiveclause)?
2.six-hundred-word(acomplexadjective)?
aboutyourhometown(aprepositionphrase)?
3.setupbythestudentsthemselves(apastparticiple)?
4.facingsouth(apresentparticiple)?
our(apronoun)?
5.tocome;toleave(aninfinitive)?
6.thesecond(anordinalnumeral)?
beauty(anoun)?
T:Youalldidgoodjobs.Somuchforgrammarrevision.Now,let’sreviewtheusefulphrasesandexpressionsinthisunittogether.Pleaselookatthescreenandfinishtheexercisebyyourselfinfiveminutes.?
(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)?
Completethesentencesusingtheproperformsoftheexpressionsinthebox.?
apply...to... addup loseheart takeiteasy keepup leavebehind pullup loseone’sway cometoanend be/becomeaccustomedto havenochoicebuttodo...
1.Thewarsoon_______.?
2.Hiswife_______hertwolittlegirls.?
3.Wouldyou_______thatprinciple_______everyone??
4.Haveyou_______thesefigures_______right??
5._______you_______thiskindofweather??
6.Thepoliceman_______themotoristandaskedtoseehislicence.?
7.Theytoldusthey_______.?
8.Ifthisrain_______,allthecropswillberuined.?
9.You’vebeenworkingsohardforseveralmonths.Youmust_______andrelaxovertheweekend.?
10.Theboy_______dropoutoftheschool.?
11.Facinganydifficulty,weshouldn’t_______.?
(Afterawhile,teachercheckstheanswers.)?
Suggestedanswers:?
1.cametoanend?
2.leftbehind?
3.apply;to?
4.added;to?
5.Are;accustomedto?
6.pulledup?
7.hadlosttheirway?
8.keepsup?
9.takeiteasy?
10.hadnochoicebutto?
11.loseheart?
T:Besides,we’vealsolearntalotaboutperseveranceandsuccess.Tellmewhichwordsandexpressionsinthisunitcanhelpustalkaboutperseveranceandsuccess.?
Ss:Keepup,loseheart,livethrough,quit,perseverance,continue....?
StepⅢReading?
T:Well.ImaginethatonecoldwinterinAlaska,you’reaskedtotakesomemedicinestoahospital700milesawayassoonaspossible.Howwouldyoudoit??
Ss:Byplane,train,busorship.?
T:Iftheyweren’tavailabletoyouforsomereason,whatwouldyoudo??
Ss:Wemaytryridingasleddrawnbyateamofdogs.?
T:You’reveryclever.Butitisn’taninterestingandrelaxingjourney,isit??
Ss:No,itisn’t.?
T:OK.Nowlet’sreadadialogue.Itwilltellusatruestory.Beforewereadit,we’lllearnsomenewwords.?
(Teacherdealswiththenewwordsasusual.)?
T:OK.OpenyourbooksatPage52.I’llgiveyoufourminutestoreadthedialoguequicklyandsilentlyandthenanswersomequestionsonthescreen.Doitasfastaspossible.Afterawhile,I’llchecktheanswers.?
(Teachershowsthefollowingonthescreen.)?
1.WhendidtheAnchorage-to-Nomedogsledracebegin??
2.Wasthefirstraceacompetition??
3.WhatrelationshipareMissWelchandDrWelch??
4.Whatkindofdiseaseisdiphtheria??
5.Whatwouldbetheonlywayover674milesbetweenNenanaandNome??
6.HowwasthevaccinebroughttoNenana??
7.WerethechildrenofNomesavedatlast?Howmanymileshadthedriverscoveredinlittlemorethan127hours??
(Fourminuteslater,teacherbeginstochecktheiranswers.)?
Suggestedanswers:?
1.TheAnchorage-to-Nomedogsledracebeganin1925.?
2.No,itwasn’t.Butitwasaraceagainsttime.?
3.MissWelchisagrand-daughterofDrWelch.?
4.Diphtheriaisadiseasethatspreadsveryfast.Ifuntreated,itwouldproduceapowerfulpoisonthatwouldkillthepatient.?
5.Arelayofdogteamswouldbetheonlywayatthattime.?
6.ThedoctorinAnchoragewrappedthemedicineinaquiltandtieditup.AtraintookthepacketfromAnchoragetoNenana.?
7.Yes.Thedrivershadcoveredalmost700milesinlittlemorethan127hours.?
T:Goodjobs.Now,lookatthescreen.I’llexplainsomeexpressionsandasentencepatterntoyousothatyoucanusethemfreely.?
Ⅰ.Usefulexpressions:?
1.save...from?
e.g.Wemustdosomethingtosavethemfromruin.?
2.coveradistanceof...?
e.g.TheRedArmycoveredadistanceof25000liontheLongMarch.?
3.tieup?
e.g.WaitamomentwhileItieupmyshoes.?
4.atstake?
e.g.Hisreputationwasatstake.?
Ⅱ.Sentencepattern:?
Ifuntreated,itwouldproducea....(=Ifitwereuntreated,itwouldproducea....)?
e.g.Ifinvited,Iwouldattendherwedding.?
(=IfIwereinvited,Iwouldattendherwedding.)?
(Bb:save...from,coveradistanceof,tieup,atstake?
Ifuntreated,itwouldproducea....(=Ifitwereuntreated,itwouldproducea....)?
T:Doyouhaveanythingelseyoudon’tunderstand?Ifyoudo,pleasetellme.I’llbegladtoexplainthemtoyou.?
(Teacheranswersthequestionsaskedbythestudents.)?
StepⅣListeningandDiscussion?
T:Well,let’slistentothetape,whenIplayitforthefirsttime,justlistentoit.WhenIplayitforthesecondtime,pleaselistenandrepeat.Thenreadthedialoguealoudforafewminutes.Isthatclear??
Ss:Yes.?
T:OK.Let’sbegin.?
(Teacherplaysthetapeforthestudentstolisten.Thenthestudentsreadit.Afterthat,teachersaysthefollowing.)?
T:Well.Stophere.Nowpleasediscussthequestionsbelowthedialogue.Dothemingroupsoffour.I’llgiveyoufiveminutestoprepare.Afterthat,I’llasksomeofyoutoreportyourresultsofthediscussiontotherestoftheclass.Doyouunderstand??
Ss:Yes.?
T:OK.Begin,please.?
(Teachergoesamongthestudentsandjoinsthem.Fiveminuteslater,teachercheckstheirwork.)?
Suggestedanswers:?
1.Theyarefluanddiphtheria.?
2.Forexample,pneumonia,choler,chickenpox,small-pox.?
3.Whenhediscoveredthatthechildrenhaddiphtheriaandhadnoenoughvaccineinthesmallcity,hedecidedtogetvaccinefromahospitalinAnchorage.Butin1925,nothinggottoNomequickly,sohethoughttheonlywaywasarelayofdogteams.Aftertwentydriverscoveredalmost700milesinlittlemorethan127hourstogetherwiththeirdogteams,thechildrenofNomeweresaved.?
4.Arelaymeansthateachmemberoftheteammustfinishonesectionofthetotaldistance,suchastheMarathonrelayrace.?
5.Becausetheseawasfrozen,whiletheonlytwoplaneshadbeenstored.?
StepⅤWriting?
T:NowlookatPage54.It’stimeforustodosomewritingpractice.Thistime,we’regoingtowriteastorybasedonthedialoguewelearntjustnow.Retellthestoryfirstandthenwriteitonapieceofpaper.Thepicturesbelowmayhelpyoufinishthetask.Beforeretellingit,you’dbetterlookatthepicturescarefully.Whenyoufinishit,exchangeyourwritingwithyourpartnersandcorrectthemistakesinit.Attheend,I’llasksomeofyoutoretellthestoryorally.Iseverythingclear??
Ss:Yes.?
T:OK.Youcanbeginyourwork.?
(Teachergivesthestudentsenoughtimetofinishthetaskofwriting.Iftimepermits,teacheraskssomeofthemtoretellthestoryinclass.)?
Onepossibleversion:?
Oneday,inthewinterof1925,theonlydoctorinNomeDrWelchdiscoveredthatsomechildrenhadaterriblediseasecalleddiphtheria.Soonsomechildrendied.Inthesmallcity,DrWelchhadenoughvaccinefor5people.Theonlywaytopreventthediseasewastogetmorevaccineasquicklyaspossible.Atlast,DrWelchfoundthevaccineinahospital,butthehospitalwas1000milesaway.Atthattime,theseawasfrozenandtheonlytwoplaneshadbeenstored.TheonlywaywouldbetotakethemedicinefirstfromAnchoragetoNenanabytrainandthensendthemtoNomebyarelayofdogteams.Itwouldtakeupto13daystocomplete.Soontwentytoughmenformedarelayteam.Theyrodedayandnight,throughsnowstorms,againstthetemperaturemorethan30degreesbelowzero.Atlast,theycoveredalmost700milesandtookthevaccinetoNomeassoonaspossibleinlittlemorethan127hours.ThechildrenofNomeweresaved.Thedriversanddogsweresotiredthatthedogscouldn’tbarkwhentheyarrivedinNome.Peopleinthecitymuchappreciatedthedogsandthoughttheywerereallyheroes.InDecemberthatyear,abronzesculptureofadogwasplacedinNewYork’sCentralParkinhonourofthem.?
StepⅥSummaryandHomework?
T:Inthisclass,we’vereviewedtheusefulexpressionsandthegrammar—theAttribute.Andwe’vealsolearntadialogueaboutahistoricaleventin1925andsomeusefulphrasesandasentencepattern.Besides,we’velearnthowtowriteastory.Afterclass,gooverallthelanguagepointslearntinthisunit.Ifyouhaven’tfinishedyourwriting,pleasegoonwithit.Well,uptonow,we’velearntthewholeunit.Canyoutellmehowyoufellaboutperseverance??
S1:Ifellthatperseveranceleadstosuccess.?
S2:Ithinkwhenfacingadifficultdecision,weshouldstaycalm.Ifatfirstwedon’tsucceed,try,tryagain.?
S3:....?
T:Welldone.PleasereadthetipsatPage54afterclass.Ibelievethatyou’lllearntalotfromit.OK.That’sallfortoday.Classisover.Seeyoutomorrow!?
Ss:Seeyoutomorrow!?
StepⅦTheDesignoftheWritingon?
theBlackboard?
Unit6 Goingwest?
TheFourthPeriod?
Ⅰ.Usefulexpressions:?
save...from?
coveradistanceof?
tieup?
atstake?
Ⅱ.Sentencepattern:?
Ifuntreated,itwouldproducea....(=Ifitwereuntreated,itwouldproducea....)?
StepⅧRecordafterTeaching?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Goingwest復(fù)習(xí)
俗話說,磨刀不誤砍柴工。作為高中教師就要在上課前做好適合自己的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠在課堂積極的參與互動,幫助高中教師緩解教學(xué)的壓力,提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量。那么一篇好的高中教案要怎么才能寫好呢?以下是小編為大家收集的“Goingwest復(fù)習(xí)”供您參考,希望能夠幫助到大家。
Unit6Goingwest整體感知
單元要點(diǎn)
Wordstudy
1.perseverance2.quit3.circumstance
4.assessment5.survival6.biscuit
7.flour8.bedding9.frontier
10.barren11.salty12.drinkable
13.burden14.desperate15.beast
16.accustomed17.thirst18.starvation
19.anxiety20.tax21.anniversary
22.throat23.catastrophe24.relief
25.deliver26.tough27.quilt
28.sculpture29.memorial30.properly
1.堅(jiān)持不懈2.放棄,停止3.環(huán)境
4.評價(jià)5.幸存6.餅干
7.面粉8.鋪蓋9.邊界
10.貧瘠的11.含鹽的12.可飲用的
13.負(fù)擔(dān)14.絕望的15.獸;動物
16.習(xí)慣的17.渴;渴望18.餓死
19.憂慮20.稅;稅額21.周年紀(jì)念
22.嗓子23突如其來的大災(zāi)難24.減輕或解除(痛苦、憂慮等)
25.遞送26.困難的27.被子
28.雕塑雕刻29.紀(jì)念館30.適當(dāng)?shù)?p>Usefulexpressions
1.apply…to2.addup3.loseheart
4.takeiteasy5.keepup6.commonsense7.leavebehind8.loseone’sway
9.cometoanend10.tieup11.gofor
12.livethroughsth13.satistyone’sneeds
14.inneedof15.setoff16.sufferfrom
1.運(yùn)用;應(yīng)用2.加起來3.泄氣;灰心
4.別緊張5.保持;維持6.常識
7.望帶;留下8.迷路9.結(jié)束;終止
10.系;拴;捆11.努力獲取
12.經(jīng)歷某事物而幸存13.滿足某人的需要14.需要15.出發(fā)16.因…受苦
SentencepatternsCommunicativeEnglish
描述個人能力和毅力:
Icanachievemygoals.Iammoreofaleaderthanafollow.Ineverdisappointedforverylong.Icanquicklyadaptmyselftonewcircumstances.
Iamstrongandreadyforanychallenge.Idon’tloseheartwhenIfailtodosomething.
按時(shí)間順序描述事件發(fā)生過程:
Inthespringof1845,myfatherreadabookaboutCalifornia.
Lessthanhalfayearlaterwepackedourthingsontoawagonandleftourfarm.
April12,1846waschosenasthedaywhenallshouldbereadytostart.
OnNovember4,1846,weenteredthedesertandsoonlostourway.
Atthreeo’clockinthemorningofChristmasDaywereachedtheedgeofthedesert.
Grammar
定語(theAttribute)
1.掌握定語的表示法(形容詞、名詞、不定式、介詞短語、分詞、從句等)
2.定語的位置
3.若干個定語的排列順序
TopicWriting
掌握按時(shí)間順序描述故事的英語作文的思路和寫作步驟
背景知識
In1921,FranklinD.Roosevelttookhisfamilysailingonedayandhefellintothecoldwaters.Thenextday,aforestfirebrokeout.Franklinandhischildrenhelpedtofighttheforestfireandputitout.Itwashardandtiringwork.Afterthefirewasputout,Franklinwassick.Itwaspolio(脊髓灰質(zhì)炎).Hecouldnotmovehislegs.Thedoctorssaidhecouldneverwalkagain.
Manymenwouldgiveupthen.FranklinRooseveltdidnotgiveup.Hebegantoworktogetwellagain.Eventhoughhecouldnotgetoutofbed,hedidexercises,andhisshouldersandarmsgrewverystrong.Atlastthedoctorslethimoutofbed,buthehadtowearheavymetalbraces(支架;支撐之物)onhislegs.ThenhewenttoWarmSprings,Georgia.Heswaminthewarmwatersthere.Eventhoughitwaspainfultomovehislegs.Hekeptonswimmingandexercisingthem.Hegrewbetteruntilhecouldleavethebracesoff.Hecouldwalkwithonlyacanetohelphim.
“Theonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself,”PresidentRoosevelttoldthepeople.
細(xì)說教材
Warmingup
Togoontillyousucceediswhatlifeisallabout
堅(jiān)持直到你成功是生命的全部意義。
[點(diǎn)撥]Togoontillyousucceed是不定式短語作主語。
e.g.Toaccepttheirofferwouldbefoolish.接受他們的幫助是愚蠢的。
不定式短語作主語時(shí),往往用it作形式主語。
e.g.Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.戒煙是正確的。
[點(diǎn)撥]whatlifeisallabout是what引導(dǎo)的表語從句。
e.g.Chinaisnotwhatitusedtobe.中國已不是從前的那個樣子了。
Applythefollowingstatementstoyourself.
把下面的陳述運(yùn)用于你自己身上。
[點(diǎn)撥]applysth(tosth)=makepracticaluseofsth運(yùn)用,應(yīng)用某事物
e.g.Wecanapplytheresultsofthisresearchtonewdevelopmentsintechnology.
我們能把這項(xiàng)研究成果應(yīng)用于新的技術(shù)開發(fā)方面。
applysth/oneselftosth/doingsth=concentrateone’sthoughtandenergy(onatask)集中精力(做事);專心
e.g.1.Youwillonlypassyourexamsifyoureallyapplyyourselftoyourwork.
你只有真正專心致志(用功),考試才能及格。
e.g.2.Wemustapplyourmindstofindingasolution.
我們要動動腦筋找出解決的辦法來。
[點(diǎn)撥]apply(tosb)(forsth)=makeaformalrequest申請;請求
e.g.1.Youshouldapplyimmediately,inpersonorbyletter.
你應(yīng)該立即申請,親自去也好,寫信也好。
e.g.2.applytothepublishersforpermissiontoreprintanextract
向出版者請求準(zhǔn)予轉(zhuǎn)印節(jié)錄
e.g.3.applyforajob,post,passport,visa申請工作、職位、護(hù)照、簽證
Addupyourscoreoneachquestion.
把每一個問題的分?jǐn)?shù)加起來。
[點(diǎn)撥]addup=calculatethetotal加起來
e.g.AddupallthemoneyIoweyou.把我應(yīng)付你的錢都加在一起。
[歸納]有關(guān)add的詞組:
1.addsthtosth加;添;增加2.addsth繼續(xù)說;又說;補(bǔ)充說
3.addfueltotheflames火上加油4.addtosth增加某事物
5.adduptosth總計(jì)共達(dá)
Iammoreofaleaderthanafollower.
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者與追隨者相比,我更具備領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的氣質(zhì)。
[點(diǎn)撥]more…than…與其…倒不如
e.g.1.Sheismoreshythanunfriendly.與其說她不友好,倒不如說她內(nèi)向。
e.g.2.Thisismoreagrammarbookthanadictionary.
與其說這是一本字典,倒不如說是一本語法書。
[點(diǎn)撥]morethan用法小結(jié):
1.morethan=notonly意為“不僅僅,不只是”用來修飾名詞。
e.g.HistriptoBeijingwasmorethansightseeing.
他的北京之行不僅僅是旅游觀光。
2.morethan=over多于;超過
e.g.1.morethantwenty=overtwenty二十多
e.g.2.That’smorethanIcandescribe.=That’sbeyondmydescription.
我很難用語言來描述它。
3.morethan=very很;非常
e.g.Hewasmorethanhappytohearthat.聽到那個消息,他非常高興。
4.morethanone“不止一個人/物”(做主語時(shí),謂語要用單數(shù))
e.g.Morethanonepersonisgoingtolosehisjob.
[辨析]muchmore…than與manymore…than
muchmore+不可數(shù)名詞+than比…….大(多)得多
manymore+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+than比……多得多
e.g.Hehasmademuchmoreprogressthisyearthan(hedid)lastyear.
今年他的進(jìn)步比去年大得多。
Therearemanymorecarsthisyearthanlastyearinthecity.
今年這個城市的汽車比去年多得多。
另外(much)more(…than)還可以表示為多音節(jié)的形容詞、副詞的比較級。
e.g.Heismuchmorecarefulthanheusedtobe.
他比以前要認(rèn)真得多。
[辨析]:nomorethan與notmorethan
1.當(dāng)兩者在數(shù)量上進(jìn)行比較時(shí),nomorethan表示“僅僅”“只有”;而notmorethan只有客觀地表示“不超過,至多”,沒有說話人對數(shù)量多少或事物大小的主觀態(tài)度或口氣,而nomorethan主要用來表達(dá)說話人的主觀看法或口氣。強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量之少,事物之小或微不足道。
e.g.1.Hewassopoorthathehadnomorethantendollars.
他窮得只剩下10美元了。(只有10美元)
e.g.2.Hesaidhehadnotmorethantendollars.
他說他最多有10美元。(至多10美元,可能不到10美元)
2.當(dāng)兩者在程度上進(jìn)行比較時(shí),nomore…than…表示“兩者一樣都不”;而notmorethan則表示“一方不及另一方”之意。
e.g.1.Thisnovelisnomoreinterestingthanthatone.
這本小說不比那本小說有趣。(意為“兩本一樣都沒有趣”)
e.g.2.Thisnovelisnotmoreinterestingthanthatone.這本小說不及那本小說有趣。
[詞組]moreandmore越來越多,moreorless或多或少,whatismore而且,更有甚者
Icanquicklyadaptmyselftonewcircumstances.
我能很快使自己適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。
[點(diǎn)撥]adapt(oneself)(tosth)=becomeadjustedtonewconditions,etc.“適應(yīng)(新環(huán)境等)”
e.g.Sheadaptedherselfquicklytothenewclimate.
她很快地適應(yīng)了這種新的氣候。
Idon’tloseheartwhenIfailtodosomething.
當(dāng)我沒能做好某件事情的時(shí)候,我并不灰心。
[點(diǎn)撥]loseheart=becomediscouraged“泄氣,灰心”該詞組不能在heart前加one’s
lose的有關(guān)詞組:
loseone’sbreath氣喘咻咻;上氣不接下氣losecourage喪失勇氣,沮喪
loseface丟臉,喪失聲譽(yù)loseone’shead昏了頭,沖動
loseone’sheart(tosb/sth)愛上,鐘情于loseone’slife喪生
loseone’sway迷路losetouchwith(sb/sth)失去聯(lián)系
loseone’svoice失音,嗓子啞loseinterestin失去興趣
Youwilldobetterifyoutakeiteasy.
假如你放松點(diǎn),你會做得更好。
[點(diǎn)撥]takeiteasy=relax;notworktoomuchordotoomuch“放松;不過分努力;不做過多”
該詞組還可以說takethingseasy
e.g.Iliketotakethings/iteasywhenI’monholiday.我在假日愿意輕松一些。
有關(guān)take的詞組:
takeaftersb(在長相或性格方面)像(其母親或父親)
takeaway拿走takein欺騙,蒙蔽某人;收容某人
takeoff脫下(衣服、帽子等)(不及物)起飛
takeup拿起,從事,占用takeon呈現(xiàn)takesbon雇傭某人
takeawalk/rest=haveawalk/resttakeone’stime從容,慢慢行動
takesth.inone’sarms抱takeout取出takeplace發(fā)生
takefood/medicine吃食物/藥taketheplaceof取代,代替
takesth.forgranted想當(dāng)然takesb.for誤認(rèn)為
Keepupthegoodwork!
保持好的工作。
[點(diǎn)撥]keepup=continuesthatthesamelevel保持,維持
e.g.Theysangsongstokeeptheirmoraleup.他們唱著歌以保持高昂的士氣。
牢記下面keep所構(gòu)成的短語:
keep(sb/sth)away(fromsb/sth)使某人/某事物不靠近某人/某事
keepback阻止keepoff遠(yuǎn)離,不接近keepon繼續(xù)
keepout(of)使…不進(jìn)入keepupwith跟上,趕上
keepdown蹲下,控制keepone’sword守信
Listening
Whatmakesthedifferencesinthenarrator’sapproachtohisownsituation?
為了擺脫自己的處境,講述者所用的方法有什么獨(dú)到之處?
[點(diǎn)撥]makea/some/no/any/notmuch/agreatdealofdifference“有(頗有,沒有,有何,沒有多大,有很大)差別,重要性”
e.g.1.Flowersmakenodifferencetoaroom.房間里有沒有花沒什么差別。
[點(diǎn)撥]1.tellthedifferencebetweenAandB“說出A和B之間的區(qū)別”
e.g.Alotofpeoplecan’ttellthedifferencesbetweenanAmericanaccentandaCanadianaccent.許多人說不出美國口音和加拿大口音之間的區(qū)別。
2.AisdifferentfromB.“A與B是不同的”
e.g.MaryisdifferentfromJane.瑪莉和珍是不同的。
3.splitthedifference“折中,”“彼此將就”
e.g.YousayandIsay,solet’ssplitthedifferenceandcallit.
你說10美元,我說12美元,大家將就一下算11好了。
Whydoesthenarratorblamehimselfforhisfate?
講述者為什么責(zé)怪自己的命運(yùn)?
[點(diǎn)撥]blame的用法小結(jié):
1.blamesthonsb“把某事歸咎于某人”
e.g.TheyblamedthefailureonGeorge.他們把失敗歸咎于喬治。
2.blamesbforsth“把某事歸咎于某人”
e.g.TheyblamedGeorgeforthefailure.他們把失敗歸咎于喬治。
betoblamefor“應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任,應(yīng)受譴責(zé)”
e.g.Whoistoblameforstartingthefire?火災(zāi)之引起應(yīng)由誰來負(fù)責(zé)?
bear/taketheblame(forsth)“(對某事)負(fù)責(zé)”
e.g.Wewerereadytotake/beartheblameforwhathadhappened.
我們準(zhǔn)備對所發(fā)生的事情承擔(dān)責(zé)任?
3.put/laytheblameonsb(forsth)“(將某事)歸咎于某人”
e.g.Thejudgelaid/puttheblameonthedriverofthecarfortheaccident.
法官判定汽車的駕駛員應(yīng)對該意外事件負(fù)責(zé)。
Speaking
Allalone,andwithveryfewtools,hemanagedtosurviveontheislandformorethan27years.
在幾乎沒有工具的情況下,他孤零零地在島嶼上設(shè)法生存了27年多。
[點(diǎn)撥]allalone=byoneself這里的all相當(dāng)于“completely”
e.g.Shelivesallalone/allbyoneself.她獨(dú)自一個人生活。
[辨析]lonely與alone:
lonely只能作形容詞,不可作副詞。它既可作表語,也可作定語。作表語時(shí),alone指沒有別的人,意為“獨(dú)自,單獨(dú)”;lonely指一種心理狀態(tài),意為“寂寞,孤獨(dú)”。指因缺少朋友、同情、友誼所產(chǎn)生的一種悲傷和憂郁的感情。
e.g.Hedoesn’tfeellonelywhenheisalone.即使他獨(dú)自一人時(shí)也不感到寂寞。
另外,alone用作副詞,譯為“獨(dú)自”,“單獨(dú)”
e.g.Shedarednotgohomealone.她不敢獨(dú)自回家。
識記有關(guān)alone的詞組:
leave/letsb/sthalone“聽其自然,不予干涉”
e.g.Youhadbetterleavethatdogalone;itwillbiteyouifyouteaseit.
你最好不要去惹那只狗;如果你捉弄它,它會咬你的.
letalone“且不論,至于…更不必說”
e.g.Hecan’tfindmoneyfornecessities,letalonesuchluxuriesaswineandtobacco.
他連生活必需品都無錢購買,更不必說煙、酒等奢侈品了。
…andtalkhowyouwillsatisfyyourbasicneedsontheislandformanyyearstocome,…談?wù)撘幌略陔S后到來的許多年里,你將在島嶼上如何滿足你的基本需要…
[點(diǎn)撥]satisfy的用法小結(jié):
1.satisfysb.“使某人滿足或滿意”
e.g.Nothingsatisfieshim:he’salwayscomplaining.她對什么都不滿意,總是在抱怨。
2.satisfyone’sneed/desire/demand/curiosity“滿足某人的需要(欲望、要求、好奇心)
e.g.SoontheyproducedenoughTVsetstosatisfypeople’sdemands.
很快,他們生產(chǎn)了足夠多的彩電來滿足人們的需求。
3.besatisfiedwith“對…滿意”
e.g.Iwasquitesatisfiedwithwhathehaddone.我對他所做的一切感到滿意.
4.expressone’ssatisfactionwith“對…表示滿意”
e.g.Theteacherexpressedhissatisfactionwiththestudents’resultsafterthetest.
考試后,老師對學(xué)生們的成績很滿意.
5.withsatisfaction“滿意地”
e.g.Henoddedwithsatisfaction.他滿意地點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭.
6.toone’ssatisfaction“使某人滿意的是”
e.g.Thewarcametoanend,tothesatisfactionofeverybody.
戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束了,人人都非常高興.
Reading
ThisaccountofthewonderfullandbeyondtheRockyMountainsgavehimtheideatomovethere.書中對于落磯山脈旁邊的那塊神奇地帶的描述,使父親萌生了去那兒的念頭。
[點(diǎn)撥]beyond的用法:
prep.1.在…遠(yuǎn)處,在…那一邊
e.g.Thenewhousingestatestretchesbeyondtheplaying-fields.
新的住宅區(qū)一直延伸到游樂場的那一邊。
2.遲于或超過(某一時(shí)間)
e.g.Itwon’tgoonbeyondmidnight.這不會持續(xù)到午夜以后。
3.越出(某事物)范圍
e.g.Thebicycleisbeyondrepair.這輛自行車已不能修理了。
4.除…以外
e.g.He’sgotnothingbeyondhisstatepension.
除了國家發(fā)的養(yǎng)老金,他一無所有。
5.beyondsb.對于某人來說難以想象、理解或估計(jì)
e.g.It’sbeyondmewhyshewantstomarryGeoff.
我不能理解她為什么要和杰弗結(jié)婚。
adv.在遠(yuǎn)處,向遠(yuǎn)方
e.g.Theimmediatefutureisclear,butit’shardtotellwhatliesbeyond.
近期內(nèi)的情況很清楚,但很難說以后如何。
Itwasnoteasytodecidewhattotakeandwhattoleavebehind.
決定帶什么和不帶什么是不容易的。
[點(diǎn)撥]“whattotakeandwhattoleavebehind”是“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語?!耙蓡栐~+不定式”在句中可單獨(dú)作主語、表語、賓語等.
e.g.1.Howtodealwiththeproblempuzzledus.(主語)
如何處理這個問題使我們感到困惑。
e.g.2.Youmustlearnhowtobepatient.(賓語)你必須學(xué)會如何保持耐心。
e.g3.Theproblemwaswheretofindtherightpersonforthejob.(表語)
問題是到哪兒找到合適的人干這工作。
[點(diǎn)撥]leavesb/sthbehind“未能或忘記帶某人/某物”
e.g.Itwon’train,youcanleaveyourumbrellabehind.
不會下雨,你不必帶傘了。
BythemiddleofOctoberwesetoffforourjourneyacrossthecontinent
到了十月中旬,我們動身開始了橫跨大陸之旅
[點(diǎn)撥]1.setofffor+地點(diǎn)“朝某地出發(fā)或動身”
e.g.Einstein’sfamilysetofffortheStatesin1933.
愛因斯坦一家在1933年動身去美國。
2.setoff還可以作及物動詞,“使爆發(fā)/爆炸”“引起”
e.g.1.Aslighttouchwillsetthebomboff.稍一觸動就會使炸彈爆炸。
e.g.2.Martin’sspeechsetoffawaveofanger.馬丁的演說激起了憤怒的浪潮。
3.setouttodosth./setaboutdoingsth.“開始/著手做某事”
e.g.Thenewgovernmentmustsetaboutfinding(setouttofind)solutionstothecountry’seconomicproblems.
新政府必須立即找出解決國家經(jīng)濟(jì)問題的辦法。
[歸納]有關(guān)“出發(fā)、動身”的短語:
start/leave/setoff/setout動身
startforA動身前往A地sailforA啟航前往A地
leave(B)forA/setoff(B)forA/setout(B)forA(離開B地)動身前往A地
headforA/makewayforA/向A地進(jìn)發(fā)
Thiswasthemeetingplaceforpeoplemovingtothewest.
這是對于進(jìn)行西部之旅的人們集合的地方。
[點(diǎn)撥]meetingplace“集會的地方”“會面的地方”meeting是動名詞作定語,表示所修飾名詞的目的、用途等。
e.g.apublishinghouse出版社awalkingstick拐杖
[點(diǎn)撥]movingtothewest是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語,表示所修飾名詞的動作。往往相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。
e.g.1.Wearebrotherssharing(=whoshare)wealandwoe.
我們是患難與共的兄弟。
e.g.2.Thereareafewboysswimming(=whoareswimming)inthestream.
有幾個男孩在小溪里游泳。
…wasthemosttryingpart.…是最難熬的一部分。
[點(diǎn)撥]trying這里用作形容詞意為“使人痛苦的”,“難堪的”考驗(yàn)(脾氣耐性等的
e.g.atryingday難挨的一天atryingpersontodealwith不易相處的人
workthatistryingtotheeyes費(fèi)眼力的工作
Waterthatwasshownonthemapprovedtobesaltypondsandnotdrinkable.地圖所示有水的地方,結(jié)果卻是一些鹽湖池,根本不適合飲用。
[點(diǎn)撥]prove的用法:
1.prove+名詞/代詞“證明,證實(shí)”
e.g.Thesoldierhasprovedhiscourageinbattle.
2.prove+that–clause
e.g.Thesefactswillprovethatwearetellingthetruth.
這些事實(shí)將證明我們在說真話。
3.prove+復(fù)合賓語
e.g.Timewillproveme(tobe)right.時(shí)間將證明我是對的。
4.prove+(tobe)+adj./n.(此句型中的prove是系動詞)
e.g.Heproved(tobe)anhonestfriend.
事實(shí)證明他是一個誠實(shí)的朋友。
Thecattlebecametiredandweak.牲畜既勞累又虛弱。
[點(diǎn)撥]cattle牛的總稱或牲畜,前面不可加a,也沒有cattles形式。作主語時(shí),謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
e.g.1Cattlemainlyfeedongrass.牛主要吃草。
e.g.2.Twentyheadofcattlehavebeenboughtinbyfarmers.
農(nóng)民們買進(jìn)了二十頭牛。
[提示]除cattle外,總是用作復(fù)數(shù)的還有people,police等。
…theirtongueshungoutindesperateneedofwater.
它們的舌頭伸在外面,極度渴望得到水。
[點(diǎn)撥]hangout的幾種意思:
1.伸出來
e.g.Adog’stonguehangsoutwhenitrunsfast.狗快跑時(shí)舌頭伸在外面。
2.晾(濕衣服)
e.g.She’sintheyard,hangingoutthewashing.她在院子里晾洗好的衣服。
3.展示
e.g.hangoutflagsfortheQueen’svisit懸旗迎接女王的蒞臨
識記構(gòu)成的短語:
hangabou閑蕩hangback猶豫hangon緊握,堅(jiān)持忍耐hangup掛斷電話
[點(diǎn)撥]1.inneedof“需要”
e.g.ThisschoolisinbadneedofEnglishteachers.這所學(xué)校急需英語教師。
2.Thereis(no)need(forsb)todosth..“(對某人)來說有(沒)必要做某事”
e.g.There’snoneedforyoutostartyet.你現(xiàn)在還不必動身。
3.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.(諺語)患難之交才是真正的朋友。
Formanyweekswehadbeenaccustomedtoseeinghorsesandoxen,sufferingfromheat,thirst,andstarvation.幾周來,馬、牛飽受酷熱、口渴、挨餓之苦。對于這一點(diǎn)我們已經(jīng)司空見慣了。
[點(diǎn)撥]be/becomeaccustomedto=beusedto“習(xí)慣于”這里的“to”是介詞.
e.g.Theboysoonbecameaccustomedtohardworkandpoorfood.
那男孩不久就習(xí)慣于苦工及劣食了。
accustom(oneself)to=makeusedto“使習(xí)慣于”
e.g.Whenhebecameasoldier,hehadtoaccustomhimselftolongmarches.
當(dāng)他當(dāng)兵的時(shí)候,他不得不使自己習(xí)慣于長途行軍。
Lyingaroundthemwerechains,guns……在它們周圍到處都是鎖鏈、槍……
[點(diǎn)撥]該句屬于倒裝句型。因?yàn)檫M(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中的分詞有時(shí)可移到句首。來對這動作加以強(qiáng)調(diào)。
e.g.1.Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedaboutseventeen.
躺在地板上的是一個大約十七歲的男孩。
e.g.2Watchingtheperformancesweremostlyforeigntourists.
觀看演出的大多是一些外國游客。
Eachhadallhecoulddotosavehimselfandhisanimals.每個人唯一能做的就是挽救自己和他的牲畜。
[點(diǎn)撥]本句中“hecouldto”是省略“that”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。來修飾all本句還可以轉(zhuǎn)換為Eachhadwhathecoulddotosavehimselfandhisanimals.類似的句式還有:
doall(that)sbcantodosth“盡力做某事”
e.g.Shedidallshecouldtohelphim.她做她能做的一切來幫助他。
[拓展]1.sbdoeverything(that)sbcantodosth
2.sbdoall(that)sbcantodosth
3.sbdowhatsbcantodosth
4.sbtryone’sbesttodosth
5.sbdoone’sbesttodosth在1---3三個句型中,后面省略了動詞do
Ourdaysofhardshipshadcometoanend.我們艱苦的日子結(jié)束了。
[點(diǎn)撥]cometoanend=finish“結(jié)束,完成”
e.g.Themeetingcametoanendatlast.會議終于結(jié)束了。
cometoabadend“遭到惡報(bào),得到報(bào)應(yīng)”
e.g.Ifyoudon’tgiveupcrime,you’llcometoabadend.
如果你不停止犯罪,你會得到報(bào)應(yīng)的。
牢記有關(guān)end的詞組:
atalooseend無所事事make(both)endsmeet量入為出,使收支相抵
attheendof結(jié)束,到盡頭putanendtosth結(jié)束某事
intheend=finallybytheendof到…末為止,不遲于end(sth)up結(jié)束
Whichhardshipsdidtheyhavetolivethrough?他們不得不經(jīng)歷哪些艱難困苦?
[點(diǎn)撥]livethrough=experienceandsurvive“經(jīng)歷…而未死”
e.g.Hehaslivedthroughtwowarsandthreerevolutions.他親歷兩次戰(zhàn)爭和三次革命。
Integratingskills
Nomewasonlyasmallcityofabout1430souls.諾姆僅是一個大約擁有1430人口的小城。
[點(diǎn)撥]soul=person“人,人口”該句還相當(dāng)于Nomewasonlyasmallcitywithapopulationof1430.
e.g.1.Therewasn’tasoultobeseen.連一個人也看不見了。
e.g.2Theshipsankwith200souls.那船載著200人沉沒了。
[短語]thelifeandsouloftheparty,etc.(某團(tuán)體等中的)核心人物,主腦
heartandsoul全心全意
Ifuntreated,itwouldproduceapowerfulpoisonthatwouldkillthepatient.假如這種疾病不予治療的話,它就會產(chǎn)生一種很強(qiáng)的病毒,危及病人的生命。
[點(diǎn)撥]Ifuntreated=Ifitwasn’ttreated,這是一個省略句。狀語從句中省略一些詞是非常普遍的現(xiàn)象,通常省略主語和系動詞(如果主語與主句主語相同則可省略)大部分從句中都可以有省略結(jié)構(gòu):
e.g.1.Shewouldoftensweepwhen(shewas)alone.她一個人時(shí)時(shí)??奁?。
e.g.2.If(itis)necessary,ringmeathome.如有必要可往我家里打電話。
e.g.3.Though(itis)notlarge,theroomwaswelllit.房間雖不大卻很亮堂。
e.g.4.As(itwas)expected,theafforestationmovementrapidlyspread.
如預(yù)料那樣,造林運(yùn)動迅速展開了。
…thatahospitalinAnchoragehadagoodsupplyof300,000units.在安克雷奇的一家醫(yī)院里擁有
[點(diǎn)撥]supply的用法:
vt.1.供應(yīng),提供
e.g.1.Treessupplyshadeinsummer.樹木在夏天提供樹蔭。
e.g.2.Theschoolsuppliesbooksfor/tothechildren.=Theschoolsuppliesthechildrenwithbooks.學(xué)校為孩子提供書本。
2.補(bǔ)充,滿足
e.g.It’shardtosupplythedemandformoreandbetterhouses.
要滿足人們對更多更好的房子的要求是很難的。
n.1.[U]供應(yīng),供給
e.g.supplyanddemand供給和需求
Thewatersupplyhereisgood.這里的供水不錯。
2.[C]供應(yīng)量(常用復(fù)數(shù))供應(yīng)品
e.g.agoodsupplyoffood大量的食物
Theycutoffourmedicalsupplies.他們切斷了我們的醫(yī)藥供給。
[短語]inshortsupply=scarce短缺
識記“為某人提供某物”的表達(dá)方式:
supplysbwithsth.supplysthto/forsb.
providesthforsbprovidesbwithsth
offtersbsth
…butthesewerealltoughmen.…但是這都是一些能耐勞苦的人。
[點(diǎn)撥]tough作為形容詞,意思很多:
e.g.atoughjob棘手的工作atoughcriminal殘暴的兇犯
toughsoldiers能耐勞苦的軍人toughmeat老肉
toughluck倒霉astoughasleather堅(jiān)韌如皮革
be/gettough(withsb)(對某人)強(qiáng)硬
Eachteamcoveredadistanceof18to53miles.每個隊(duì)伍要走18到53英里.
[點(diǎn)撥]cover在該句中意為“走過,行過(路程)”
e.g.Covertwentymilesaday.一天跑20英里.
cover作為及物動詞使用,常見以下幾種意思:
1.蓋,包,覆蓋
e.g.1.coverone’seyeswithahand用手遮住眼睛.
e.g.2.Thefloodscoveredlargeareasonbothsidesoftheriver.
洪水淹沒了河兩岸的大片地區(qū)。
2.占(時(shí)間或空間)
e.g.Thecitycoverstensquaremiles.這個城市占地10平方英里。
3.包括,涉及
e.g.Hisresearchescoveredawidefield.他的研究涉及范圍很廣。
4.進(jìn)行新聞采訪,報(bào)道
e.g.Iwantourbestreporterssenttocoverthetrial.
我要派我們最優(yōu)秀的記者去采訪這次審判。
5.夠(付…錢)
e.g.Willcoverthecostofanewskirt?十美元夠買一條新裙子嗎?
cover還可作為不及物動詞,“代理,代替別人”
e.g.John’silltoday,sowillyoucoverforhim,Jean?
琴,約翰今天病了,請你代替他一下好嗎?
cover用作名詞時(shí),常指“覆蓋物,封面,蓋子等”
…wrappedthemedicineinaquiltandtieditup.用被子把藥包好,然后,捆起來。
[點(diǎn)撥]該句中的tieup=doup“束緊,包扎縛牢,系住,栓住等”
e.g.Wetiedtheboatupalongsidethequay.我們把船停泊在碼頭處。
tiesbup“捆綁某人”“纏住某人使之無暇顧及他事”
e.g.1.Thethievesleftthenight-watchmantiedupandgagged.
竊賊把夜班守衛(wèi)員捆住,把他的嘴也堵住了。
e.g.2.I’mtiedupinameetinguntil3pm.我開會直到下午3點(diǎn)鐘方可脫身。
…butheknewthatliveswereatstake.但是他知道有很多人危在旦夕。
[點(diǎn)撥]atstake意為“得失攸關(guān),處境危險(xiǎn)”
e.g.Hislifeitselfwasatstake.他面臨身敗名裂的危險(xiǎn)。
…amemorialtoallwhoriskedtheirlivestosavethoseofothers.紀(jì)念那些冒著生命危險(xiǎn)來挽救別人的人。
[點(diǎn)撥]risk作為及物動詞“冒 … 之險(xiǎn)”
e.g.1.riskone’shealth/fortune/life/failure“冒著健康(財(cái)富、生命、失?。┲U(xiǎn)”
e.g.2.Wemustriskgettingcaughtinastorm.
我們必須冒為暴風(fēng)雨所阻之險(xiǎn)。
risk還可用作名詞,“冒險(xiǎn)”常常構(gòu)成下列短語:
1.run/takerisks/arisk“冒…之險(xiǎn)”
e.g.You’rerunningabigriskintrustinghim
你信任他實(shí)在要冒很大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
2.run/taketheriskofdoingsth“冒…之險(xiǎn)”
e.g.We’lltaketheriskofbeinglate.我們將冒遲到之險(xiǎn)。
3.a(chǎn)ttheriskof/atriskto“不顧…之險(xiǎn)”
e.g.Hewasdeterminedtogetthereevenattheriskofhislife.
他決心到那里,雖冒生命危險(xiǎn)在所不惜.
[點(diǎn)撥]those在該句代替前面出現(xiàn)過的“l(fā)ives”
e.g.1.Thesemachinesarebetterthanthoseweturnedoutlastyear.
這些機(jī)器比我們?nèi)ツ晟a(chǎn)的好。
e.g.2.Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.
夏天的白天比冬天的長。
Grammar
語法:TheAttribute
1.定語的表示法:
定語可以用下面這些成分表示:
1)形容詞:
e.g.It’safine(windy,rainy,warm)day.這是一晴朗的(刮風(fēng)、下雨、暖和)的日子。
2)代詞(和限定詞)
e.g.Helpyourselftosome(more)fish.(再)吃一點(diǎn)魚。
3)數(shù)詞
e.g.Therearetwentystudentsinourclass.我們班有二十名學(xué)生。
4)名詞或名詞所有格
e.g.1.Sheisacollegegraduate.她是大學(xué)畢業(yè)生。
e.g.2.What’syourgovernment’sattitudetowardstheproblem?你們政府對此態(tài)度如何?
5)分詞短語
e.g.Thesearetheroadsleadingtothebeach.這是通往海濱的路。
6)不定式短語
e.g.I’vesomethingimportanttodiscusswithyou.
我有一件重要的事情要和你商量。
7)介詞短語
e.g.Who’sthatgirlwithapigtail?那個梳辮子的女孩是誰?
8)副詞
e.g.Ihavenothingspecialontonight.今晚我沒有什么特別活動。
9)詞組或合成詞
e.g.1.Isanythingthematterwithyou?你出什么事了?
e.g.2.Heisaneasy-goingman.他是一個容易相處的人。
10)從句
e.g.Sheisagirleveryonelikes.她是一個人人都喜歡的姑娘。
2.定語的位置
當(dāng)定語由一個單詞表示時(shí),多數(shù)都放在所修飾詞的前面:
e.g.theoppressedpeople被壓迫的民族
everlastingfriendship永恒的友誼
但在下面情況下,卻可以放在所修飾詞的后面:
*它由here,there,up,out,down,home,abroad這類副詞表示:
e.g.OnourtripabroadwevisitedrelativesinBelgium.
我們在國外旅行時(shí)看望了在比利時(shí)的親戚。
*它修飾的是由some,any,no,every等構(gòu)成的合成詞:
e.g.There’snothingwrongwiththemachine.機(jī)器沒有毛病。
定語放在所修飾詞后面的主要有以下幾種:
*定語從句:
e.g.ShewasannoyedbysomethingthatIhadsaid.她被我說的一句話得罪了。
*介詞短語:
e.g.Shewasayoungwomanofcharacter.她是一個有個性的青年女子。
*分詞短語及不定式短語:
e.g.Herearetheseatsreservedforyou.這兒是給你們留的座位。
e.g.Theirattempttocrosstheriverfailed.他們渡江的企圖失敗了。
3.定語的順序
一個名詞有兩個或更多定語修飾時(shí),大體上按以下順序:
all,both+冠詞或物主代詞+其他單詞定語+名詞
e.g.allthegirlstudents所有的女學(xué)生
bothhisyoungersisters他的兩個小妹妹
*有個別定語可放在冠詞a前面
e.g.suchanicepersonmanyastudentratherafailure
soshortatimetoosmallaroomhoweverbrilliantamind
*有幾個形容詞修飾時(shí),表示基本特征的往往離所修飾的詞最近。則可按以下口訣記憶:限定描繪大、長、高;形狀、年齡和新老;顏色國籍出材料;作用類別往后靠。即:限定詞(The,A)+描繪性形容詞+大小(size)+形狀(shape)+時(shí)間、年齡(age)+顏色(color)+國籍、來源(origin)+材料(material)+目的(purpose)+名詞
e.g.aheavyblackChinesesteelumbrella
考題檔案
1.---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.
----Isthat_____youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)
A.whyB.whenC.whatD.who
2.______fashiondiffersfromcountrytocoutrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.(2002上海春季高考)
A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which
3.Acomputercanonlydo______youhaveinstructedittodo.(2001全國高考)
A.howB.afterC.whatD.when
4.YoucanneverimaginewhatgreattroubleIhavehad_____thepatientwhoreceivedaseriouswound.A.treatB.totreatC.treatingD.treated
5.----You’vemadegreatprogressinyourstudiesofEnglish,haven’tyou?
-----Yes,butmuch_______.
A.remaintodoB.isremainedtodoC.remainstobedoneD.isremainedtobedone
6.Itisbelievedthatifabookis_____,itwillsurely_____thereader.(上海2003)
A.interested…interestB.interesting…beinterested
C.interested…beinterestingD.interesting…interest
7.Mr.Smith,______ofthe_____speech,startedtoreadanovel(北京2003春)
A.tired…boringB.tiring…boredC.tired…boredD.tiring…boring
8.Icanthinkofmanycases_____studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay(上海2003)
A.whyB.whichC.asD.where
9.Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace______,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.A.whichB.whereC.thereD.what
10.Hedideverything_____breaktherecord.
A.thathecouldB.thathecouldtoC.whichhecouldD.whichhecouldto
11.PremierZhou____tobeunforgettableintheheartsoftheChinesepeople.
A.provedB.regardedC.thoughtD.considered
12.Cattle____keptoffthefieldsbybamboofence.
A.areB.isC.hasD.have
13.Somepassengerscomplainthatitusually______solongtofillintravelinsurancedocuments.
A.costsB.takesC.spendsD.spares(2003北京高考)
14.Don’tkeepthedoor_____atnight.
A.openedB.openingC.openD.toopen
15.----Will0_____?
----I’mafraidnot.Weneedatleast50moredollars.(湖北2004)
A.countB.satisfyC.fitD.do
參考答案
1.A.why引導(dǎo)的表語從句
2.B.what引導(dǎo)的主語從句
3.C.what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句
4.C.“havetrouble(indoingsth)”
5.C.“remaintobedone“
6.D.7.A.8.D.9.B.10.B.11.A.12.A.13.B.14.C.15.D
一課一測
(檢測自己的能力)
A級(基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練)
I.在四個備選答案中選擇出意義與劃線部分的詞或詞組最為相近的答案。
1.Alotofpeoplethinkthatshetakesafterherfather.
A.supportsB.resemblesC.caresD.looks
2.Mostboysgoinforroughgames.
A.seekforB.takepartinC.enjoywatchingD.research
3.Shewasstandingtherewhenhepulledup.
A.enteredB.arrivedC.beganD.concluded
4.Youmustreallyapplyyourselftosomeseriouswork.
A.getdownB.gettoC.getthroughD.getat
5.Ourvisitprovedtobeawasteoftimebecausefogreducedvisibility.
A.turneddownB.turnedonC.turnedoutD.turnedoff
II.單句該錯:
6.Onceyou’llunderstandEnglish,itwon’tbedifficulttoliveinAmerica.
7.Thereasonwhyhemissedthebuswasbecausehegotuplate.
8.Fivemothslater,Iaccustomedmyselftolivehere.
9.Manypeoplewerekilledintheircars,butafewluckyonewerenothurt.
10.Amemorialofheroeshasbeensetup.
B級(應(yīng)用創(chuàng)新)
I單項(xiàng)填空
1.----Suan,willyoupleasegoandemptythedrawer?----_______?(全國I2004)
A.WhatforB.WhatisitC.HowisitD.Howcome
2.WhenIreally_____totakecareofsomebody,I’lltrymybest.
A.setoutB.setoffC.setaboutD.setup
3.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.(NMET2002)A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun
4.CanadaandAustraliahelpto_____English____food.
A.provide…forB.supplu…toC.provide…withD.supply…with
5.______Ihadtime,Iwouldhavecheckedmyanswersagain.
A.IfB.UnlessC.HadD.When
6.Coulditbeintherestaurantin______youhaddinnerwithmeyesterday___youleftbehindyourwallet?
A.which…whenB.which…thatC.where…thatD.that…where
7.Sodifficult______ittoliveinanEnglish–speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.(上海2001)
A.IhavefeltB.haveIfeltC.IdidfeelD.didIfeel
8.It’sbetterto____atthisjobthantohurryandmakemistakes.
A.takeyourtimeB.takehismedicineC.takehiswayD.takeyourchance
9.Onlywhenyouridentityhasbeenchecked,_____(上海2003)
A.youareallowedinB.youwillbeallowedin
C.willyouallowinD.willyoubeallowedin
10.—DoyouknowwhatBushHouseislike?
----Yes,Itisa(n)_____buildinganditisthehomeofBBCEnglish.
A.niceoldtallwhiteB.oldtallnicewhiteC.nicetalloldwhiteD.whiteniceoldtall
11.Suchthings_____familyprovidewereoutofdatenowadays.
A.alikeB.likeC.similarD.as
12.Ihopethereareenoughglassesforeachguesttohave_____.(NMET1995)
A.itB.thoseC.themD.one
13.Whenfirst_____tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.(全國II2004)A.introducingB.introducedC.ntroduceD.beingintroduced
14.Thedictionary_____whereyou_____itwhenyouleftyesterday.
A.lay…layB.lies…liedC.lies…laidD.laid…laid
15.Ourneighbourhas______ours.(北京II2004)
A.asabighouseasB.asbigahouseas
C.thesamebighouseasD.ahousethesamebigas
II.完形填空
Doyouknowhowlongit’sbeensincemobilephonewerefirstinvented?OnApril3,30yearsago,thefirstpubliccallwas1fromahandheldwirelessphone.
MartinCooper,a(n)2researcheratMotorola,madethecallfromacornerinNewYorkCitybackin1973.
Peoplewerevery3atthephone,Cooperremembered.“Wecausedagreatstir(轟動),”hesaid.
Thephonewasa4thingbytoday’sstandards–it5almost1kilogramandwasabout25centimeterslong.Now,6phonesfitintothepalmofyourhandandweighlittlemorethanalemon.
Butbackthen,itwasahuge7,especiallywhen8thecarmobilephonesthathadbeenin9sincethe1940s.
A10phoneweighedmorethan13kilogramsand11thousandsofdollars.Anownerhadtodrillaholeinthe12justtoinstallit.
Atthattime,Cooperwas13withJoelEngel,theheadofresearchatarival14communicationscompany.So,hemadethefirstcalltohim.
“Itoldhim:Joel,I’m15youfromarealcellphone,”saidCooper.“IthoughtIheardgnashingofteeth(咬牙切齒)attheotherend,16hewaspolite.”
Sincethatfirstcall,some1billionpeoplearoundtheworldnowownmobiles.
Today,theyaremultifunctional(多功能的)withmoreandmorefeatures,17shorttextmessages,camerasandMP3players.
However,74-year-oldCooperstillbelievethe“originaldream”ofatrulymobilephonecallisnotyeta18.Thatis:beingabletouseaphonetocallanyonefromanywhere.
Cooper’sdreamphoneisso19thatitfitsbehindhisearandautomatically(自動地)dialsoutwhenhethinksaboutcallingsomeone.Andwhenthereisanincomingcall,ittrickles(輕震)insteadof20.
1.A.madeB.doneC.recordedD.taken
2.A.JapaneseB.EnglishC.CanadianD.American
3.A.surprisedB.angryC.encouragedD.delighted
4.A.smallB.beautifulC.bigD.smart
5.A.measuredB.weighedC.smelledD.lifted
6.A.ordinaryB.wirelessC.visionD.mobile
7.A.progressB.mistakeC.advancementD.failure
8.A.comparedwithB.differentfromC.satisfiedwithD.referredto
9.A.orderB.workC.constructionD.use
10.A.mobileB.cellC.carD.common
11.A.worthB.costC.spentD.paid
12.A.carB.wallC.groundD.phone
13.A.tradingB.talkingC.competingD.quarreling
14.A.cableB.postC.teleD.wireless
15.A.tellingB.helpingC.watchingD.calling
16.A.butB.soC.thenD.however
17.A.likeB.suchC.asD.in
18.A.dreamB.blueprintC.realityD.trend
19.A.largeB.beautifulC.commonD.small
20.A.criesB.ringsC.creamsD.laughs
III.閱讀理解
(A)
Hemaynotbetheworld’swealthiestendorse(代言人),butheiscertainlyoneofthetallest.That2.26-meterheighthashelpedNBAAll-StarYaoMingonthebasketballcourtandinmarketingdeals.
TheChinesecenterfortheHoustonRocketshasalreadyappearedinTVsportsforVisaandAppleandhejustsignedadealforcommercialsforGatorade,thesportsdrink.
Hisquickrisehassurprisedsomemarketingexperts,becausemanyexpectedYao’scourtskills----andhisfigureasaproductendorser---tomaketime.
“Allofasudden,he’sallovertheplace.”saidBobDorfman,businesscreativedirectorforSanFrancisco----basedPickettAdvertising.“Ithinkit’salittlebitofasurprisetoseehowcomfortableheisoncameraandhowcharmingheiswithoutbeingabletospeakmorethanafewsentencesofEnglish.”
RicIverson,theVicepresidentofsalesforHarbrew,abeerimporteranddistributor(批發(fā)商)inNewYork,saidhewasinHoustoninJuneforarestauranttradeshow,whichtookplacethesameweekastheNBAplayerpick.
AHoustonradiostationwasthrowingapartyatalocalbar,soIversongavethemseveralcasesofChina’sYanjingbeer,forwhichHarbrewisthesoleUSimporter.
BecausetheRocketswereexpectedtochooseYaoasthetoppickoverallthatday,aboutathirdofthe3000partygoerswereAsian,Iversonsaid.ThebarendedupsellingalltheYanjingthatHarbrewhadoffered,andIversonlatergotacallfromeaRocketsbusinessmanwhohadseenthesuccessofYanjingbeerandwantedtopartnerwithHarbrew.HarbrewnowhascourtsideadsinHoustonadvertisingYanjinginEnglishandChinese,andthebeerissoldattheplaceduringbasketballgames.
DorfmanandBobWilliams,chiefofanIllinoiscompanythattracksentertainmentmarketing,saidtheonlywayYao’soff---curtdealswillimproveisifhiscourtplaydoes,too.
1.Theunderlinedsentenceheremeans“”.
A.HebecamewellknownsuddenlyB.Hisfigureisdisplayedeverywhere
C.HeflieshereandthereintheUSA.D.Hesucceededoutofothers’expectation
2.Thefirsttwoparagraphtellus.
A.YaoMingissuccessfulbothonthebasketcourtandinmarketingdeals.
B.YaoMingisn’tthoughttobetheworld’swealthiestendorser.
C.YaoMingispopularwiththeAmericanpeople
D.WhyYaoMingwasacceptedbytheHoustonRockets.
3.TheauthortookRicIversonasanexampletoshow.
A.RicIversonisfairlysuccessfulinhiscareers.
B.TheNBAplayerpickisofgreatimportanceinAmericanlife.
C.YanjingbeeragreewiththeAmericans.
D.YaoMing’spresencehasindirectlybenefitedsomecompanies.
4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.BasketballerTakesupAdsAsWell
B.AnNBAAll—StarBecomesAHit
C.BasketballerStandingTallinAdsWorld
D.MoreInternetinAdsRatherThanBasketball
(B)
WhatisanAmericanmarriagelike?Asitisdescribedinpopularfiction,theAmericanmarriageisheavenonearth:problemsaretinyandeasytosolve;trueloveisalwaysvictorious;andtheunderstandinghusbandandhisbeautifulwifelive“happilyeverafter”asthefairytalessay.
Fortunately,mostyoungpeopleknowbetter.Theyrealizethatmarriagemeansresponsibilities,conflicts(沖突),andeverydayhousework.Theymarry“forbetterorforworse”becauseintheUSAitisextremelydifficultforasinglepersontoenjoyafullandsatisfyinglife.
IntheUSA,parentsdon’tarrangemarriagesfortheirchildren.Teenagersbegindatinginhighschoolandusuallyfindmatesthroughtheirownactivities.Thoughyoungpeoplefeelfreetochoosetheirfriendsfromdifferentgroups,mostchooseamateofsimilarbackground.Thisispartlyduetoparents’guidence.Parentscan’tselectspouses(配偶)fortheirchildren,buttheycanusuallyinfluencechoicesbyvoicingdisagreementofsomeonetheyconsiderunsuitable.
However,marriagebetweenmembersofdifferentgroupsareincreasing,probablybecauseofthegreaterchanceofchangeoftoday’syouthandthefactthattheyarelimitedbyfeweroldideasthantheirparents.Manyyoungpeopleleavetheirhometowntoattendcollege,toserveinthearmedforces,ortoseekafortuneinabiggercity.Onceawayfromhomeandfamily,theyaremorelikelytodateandmarryoutsidetheirownsocialgroup.
TheaverageAmericanmanisabouttwenty—threeyearsoldatthetimeofmarriage,hisbride(新娘)isabouttwenty-one.Traditionally,whenacoupledecidestomarry,themangiveshisfiancee(未婚妻)adiamondengagementring.Whentheengagementperiodbegins,thebride–to–beandherfuturehusbandmustmeetotherrelatives,makepreparationsfortheirweddingandhoneymoon,andplantheirfuturetogether.
1.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthatboysandgirlsintheUSA.
A.areallowedtoloveeachotherinhighschool.
B.canonlybeinloveaftertheyfinishtheirschooleducation
C.canonlylookforfriendsinsociety
D.arenotcaredforbytheirparents
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage
A.Mostyoungpeoplechoosetheirfriendsofsimilarbackground
B.Today’syoutharemorechangeableandhavefeweroldideasthantheirparents.
C.Thereisnoadvicefromtheirparentsforthechildren’smarriage.
D.Afterengagement,aboyfriendfirstbuyshisfianceeadiamondengagementring
3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.UnderstandingBetweenHusbandandWife
B.MarriageintheUnitedStates
C.NoMarriageArrangementfromParents
D.HowtoPrepareforMarriage
IV.短文改錯
Englishisthemostwideusedlanguageinthe1_______
world.MethodsoflearningEnglishwillhavebeen2_______
improvedgreatsincethebeginningofthiscentury.3_______
Learningalanguageisjustamatterofknowinglots4_______
ofgrammarrulesandbuildupanumberofwords.A5_______
studentmasteryofalanguageismeasuredbyhow6_______
wellhecanusethem.Englishisnota“subject”like7_______
historyandphysics,anda“skill”likeswimming8_______
andfootball.Youlearntoswimbygettingthewater9_______
andswimming.Youlearnfootballbygoingandkicking10_______
it.AndyoulearnEnglishbyusingit,withoutbyknowingit.
V.書面表達(dá)
最近,你校英語課堂采用了現(xiàn)代化教學(xué)技術(shù),帶來若干變化。請你根據(jù)下表所提供的信息,給報(bào)社寫一封信,客觀地介紹這些變化。
過去
現(xiàn)在
1.老師說,學(xué)生記,無思考余地
2.所學(xué)內(nèi)容難懂,難記
3.枯燥乏味,不感興趣
1.視、聽、說齊全
2.化難為易,便于理解
3.生活活潑,樂于學(xué)習(xí)
注意:1。信的開頭已為你寫好
2.詞數(shù)100左右。
DearEditor,
I’mwritingtotellyouaboutthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourEnglishclassessincemodernteachingtechniquesstartedtobeused.
Yourstruly
LiHua
參考答案
A級
I.1----5BBBAC6.you’ll→you7.because→that8.live→living
9.one→ones10.of→to
B級
I單項(xiàng)填空
1---5AADCC6---10BDADC11----15DDBCB
II完形填空
1----5ADACB6----10DCADC11----15BACDD16----20AACDB
III閱讀理解
A:1---4BADCB:1---3ACB
IV短文改錯
1.wide→widely2.will劃掉3.great→greatly
4.is∧not5.build→building6.student→student’s7.them→it
8.第二個and→but9.getting∧into10.正確
V書面表達(dá)
DearEditor,
I’mwritingtotellyouaboutthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourEnglishclassessincemodernteachingtechniquesstartedtobeused.
Teachersusedtospeakaloneallthetimeinclass,keepingstudentsbusymakingnotesandleavingthemnotimetothinkforthemselves.Asaresult,whatwastaughtinclasswasdifficulttounderstandortoremember.Theclassesweresodullthatthestudentsgraduallylostinterestinlearningthelanguage.
However,thingsaredifferentnow.Withthehelpofcomputersandotherequipment,studentsnotonlylisten,butalsowatchandspeakalotinclass,whichmakeswhatisdullordifficulteasiertounderstandandremember.Englishclasseshavebecomesointerestingandlivelythatallthestudentsarereadytograspthisusefultool.
Yourstruly,
LiHua
習(xí)題對話
Languagestudy
Wordstudy:
1.(1)pond(2)burden(3)starve(4)circumstance
(5)anxiety(6)desperate(7)keepup(8)addup(9)takeiteasy
2.(1)burdens(2)pond(3)starvation(4)desperate(5)anxiety(6)cometoanend
3.(1)hadcometoend(2)cametoanagreement(3)cametoaconclusion
(4)comingtoacompletestop(5)hascometoadecision(6)cametoabetterunderstanding
Grammar
1.(1)wonderfulland(形容詞)(2)myfather(形容詞性物主代詞)
(3)journerwestward(副詞)(4)nothingtoeat(不定式)
(5)tryingpart(形容詞)arunningstream(現(xiàn)在分詞)
(6)greenvalley(形容詞)promisedland(過去分詞)
(7)myfour–year-oldson(合成詞)
(8)Farmerswhosawusstaredatus(定語從句)walkingskeletons(現(xiàn)在分詞)
2.(1)D(2)I(3)A(4)J(5)F(6)C(7)H(8)B(9)E
課文譯文
西行紀(jì)事
在1845年的春天,父親讀了一本有關(guān)加利福尼亞的書。書中對于落磯山脈旁邊的那塊神奇地帶的描述,使父親萌生了去那兒的念頭。不到半年,我們打點(diǎn)行裝,駕著馬車,離開了農(nóng)場。決定帶什么和不帶什么是不容易的。到了十月中旬,我們動身開始了橫跨大陸之旅:這是一次要行程2500多英里,用時(shí)大約一年的旅行。我們與其他許多家庭結(jié)伴而行。大部分的車子是由牛拉的。然而,我們的車子是由馬拉的。
我們穿越了四個州,決定過完冬天在繼續(xù)前行。到了春天,我們又繼續(xù)西行。我們的第一個目的地是堪薩斯州的印第安港灣,那就是邊界了。這也是對于進(jìn)行西部之旅的人們集合的地方。在1846年4月12日那一天,我們大家都做好了準(zhǔn)備,然后,駕著45輛馬車又出發(fā)了。
我們白天前行。夜晚,當(dāng)我們宿營時(shí),大家把馬車趕在營火周圍。最令人難熬的旅行莫過于穿越大陸中部的山脈和沙漠了。有時(shí),在沒有路的地方,馬車不得不被抬起來,往上拉。穿過了沙漠,我們進(jìn)入了看似優(yōu)美的鹽湖谷。我們沿湖繞了一周,不一會兒,我們來到了鹽湖沙漠。在1846年11月4日,我們進(jìn)入了沙漠,不久,我們迷了路。我們不得不在沒有水喝沒有草給牲畜吃的情況下,行進(jìn)了大約九十英里。我們稱之為“漫漫長路”。一路上到處都是不毛之地。地圖所示有水的地方,結(jié)果卻是一些鹽湖池,根本不適合飲用。就連一小片草地也找不到,可想而知,在沙漠里前行對牲畜們來說是多么艱難了。因此,我們也不能做在馬車上了,只能在馬車旁徒步而行。一路上,我背著僅有四歲的小兒子。牲畜又累又弱。它們拖著四肢,虛弱地承擔(dān)不了任何負(fù)荷了,它們的舌頭伸在外面,多么渴望有水喝。然而,我們擁有的水如此之少,根本不敢給它們喝。因?yàn)?,這些牲畜們再也不能拖動馬車了,我們不得不把馬車燒掉,把行李放在馬背上?,F(xiàn)在,我們得徒步再走500英里那么遠(yuǎn)。
幾周來,馬、牛飽受酷熱、口渴、挨餓之苦。對于這一點(diǎn)我們已經(jīng)司空見慣了。現(xiàn)在,情況更糟糕了,沿途幾英里,路兩旁到處都是死的牲畜和被遺棄的馬車。在它們周圍有鎖鏈、槍支、工具、鋪蓋、衣服和許多其他的物品。主人們把所有的東西都丟下了,為了挽救自己的性命,急匆匆地前進(jìn)。大家都急于到達(dá)一個安全的地方,沒有人愿意停下來看一看或幫助一下。事實(shí)上,大部分情況下,情形如此令人絕望,致使沒有人能幫助對方。每一個人唯一能做的就是挽救自己和他的牲畜。我們稱它為“死亡之谷”。
我太累了,以致于虛弱地跪倒在地,開始在沙子中爬行。我們行進(jìn)隊(duì)伍中的一個年青人建議我和孩子留下來,等待幫助。我知道,他在想什么。但是,我站起來說:“不,我不會放棄的”。我知道放棄就意味著葬身于沙海之中。
在圣誕節(jié)早晨的三點(diǎn)鐘,我們到達(dá)了沙漠的邊緣。牲畜們肯定聞到了水的味道,它們幾乎都跑開了,很快,我們來到了一條正在流淌的小溪跟前。凡是看見我們的農(nóng)夫們,他們都盯著我們看,因?yàn)?,他們難以相信他們所見到的:一群疲憊不堪,形容枯槁的人們。當(dāng)我們看見了一座山谷,山谷上到處都是肥胖的馬、牛、羊時(shí),我們認(rèn)為我們到達(dá)了我們期望的樂土。我們苦難的日子結(jié)束了。
綜合技能
北方英雄
瑞沃斯:今天是對從安克雷奇---諾姆這段狗拉雪橇接力賽的八十周年紀(jì)念日。我們來談?wù)撘幌拢量怂瓜壬?,你能給我們談一談有關(guān)這次接力賽的歷史嗎?
帕克斯:第一次接力賽不是一場競賽,而是一場為了爭取時(shí)間的接力賽。八十年前,它是轟動全球的事件,但是,現(xiàn)在在阿拉斯加以外的大部分人們已忘卻了二十位勇士和他們的狗是如何營救數(shù)百人的生命的。
瑞沃斯:那時(shí),發(fā)生了什么事?
帕克斯:諾姆僅是一個大約擁有1430人口的小城。那是1925年的冬天,有一天,柯蒂斯.韋爾奇醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)了有些孩子得了一種可怕的疾病,對于這種疾病他已經(jīng)無藥物可以治療了。就連最近的一家醫(yī)院也是在1000英里以外的地方。
瑞沃斯:謝謝你。今天,我們有幸請來了韋爾奇醫(yī)生的孫女——韋爾奇小姐。韋爾奇小姐你能再給我們講述一些內(nèi)容嗎?
韋爾奇:在1月21日那一天,有個人來請求我爺爺?shù)膸椭K暮⒆觽儾〉煤苤?,孩子的母親以為他們得了流感,因?yàn)?,孩子們的嗓子又紅又腫,他們在發(fā)著高燒,他們的呼吸很微弱。第二天,他們就死了。
瑞沃斯:那到底是什么疾病呢?
韋爾奇:幾天后,他發(fā)現(xiàn)又有幾個孩子生病了。他們得的是一種叫“白喉”的疾病,這是一種傳播很快的疾病。假如這種疾病不予治療的話,它就會產(chǎn)生一種很強(qiáng)的病毒,危及病人的生命。韋爾奇醫(yī)生他擁有的疫苗僅供大約五個人使用。阻止這場突如其來的大災(zāi)難唯一的辦法就是盡可能快地得到更多的疫苗。
瑞沃斯:他們到哪兒去找疫苗呢?
帕克斯:令人欣慰的是在安克雷奇的一家醫(yī)院里還有300,000支疫苗。但是,問題是如何很快地把這些疫苗送到諾姆呢?
瑞沃斯:那有問題嗎?
韋爾奇:在1925年,沒有什么可以很快地被送到諾姆的。因?yàn)?,?dāng)時(shí)海水都結(jié)冰了,而且,僅有的兩架飛機(jī)也停飛了。
瑞沃斯:那么,該怎么辦呢?
帕克斯:唯一的辦法就是用狗拉雪橇接力,行過尼納納和諾姆之間的674英里。二十個人帶著疫苗進(jìn)行狗拉雪橇接力。要知道,北極的冬天特別寒冷,但是,這都是一些能吃苦耐勞的人。每一組人都要行程18到53英里那么遠(yuǎn)。每一分鐘都至關(guān)重要。大家認(rèn)為,這次行程需13天才能完成。
瑞沃斯:疫苗到底是如何被帶到尼納納的呢?
韋爾奇:安克雷奇的醫(yī)生把藥裹在被子里,然后扎緊。一列火車把包裹從安克雷奇運(yùn)到尼納納。
瑞沃斯:因此,真正的與時(shí)間的賽跑是從尼納納開始的。對嗎?
帕克斯:是的。我們僅能祈禱藥品能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。十八個人白天黑夜地趕著雪橇穿行在暴風(fēng)雪當(dāng)中。連續(xù)行程了五天。當(dāng)時(shí),氣溫在零下三十多度。最后一個人所面臨的是一場非??膳碌谋╋L(fēng)雪,但他深知許多生命危在旦夕,當(dāng)他完成了他的路程時(shí),他發(fā)現(xiàn)接下來的那個人睡著了,要是喚醒他時(shí)間將被浪費(fèi)掉,要知道二十英里以外的許多人們生命垂危,因此,他繼續(xù)前行。
瑞沃斯:他準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那兒了嗎?
帕克斯:他準(zhǔn)時(shí)到了那兒。但是,當(dāng)隊(duì)伍在黎明前到達(dá)的時(shí)候,沒有一個人迎接他們。因?yàn)椋麄€小城還在沉睡當(dāng)中。但是,很快諾姆的人們就看到了希望的曙光。那些狗太累了,以至于它們都叫不出聲來。諾姆的孩子們得救了!
韋爾奇:是的!那些勇士們在大約127個小時(shí)內(nèi)行程了接近700英里。但是,真正的英雄們不應(yīng)被忘記。在那年的十二月份,在紐約中央公園樹立了一個狗的青銅塑像:來紀(jì)念那些冒著生命危險(xiǎn)來挽救別人生命的人們。