小學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2021-01-05Gettingthemessage復(fù)習(xí)。
Unit5Gettingthemessage
整體感知
單元要點(diǎn)
Wordstudy
1.advertise2.consideration
3.brand4.charge5.loss6..blame
7.broadcast.8.post9.react10.annoy11.defender12.accuse13.associate14.appeal15.frequent16..figure17.profit
18.campaign19.policy20.nowadays21.target22.attach23.discount
24.bargain25.bonus
1.廣告2.考慮3.商標(biāo)4.負(fù)責(zé)5.損失
6.責(zé)備7.廣播8.張貼9.反應(yīng)10.惱怒11.辯護(hù)人12.指控13.使發(fā)生聯(lián)系14.呼吁15.頻繁的16.數(shù)字17.利潤18.運(yùn)動(dòng)19.政策20.如今21.目標(biāo)22.附加23.打折扣24.交易25.以外的好處
Usefulexpressions
1.takesth.Intoconsideration2.betoblame3.inchargeof4.beannoyedwith5.accusesb.of6.getacross7.appealtosb.todosth..8.makeprofits9.attachto10.makesense
1.把……考在內(nèi)2.應(yīng)該受責(zé)備3.掌管
4.對(duì)……感到惱怒5.控告某人……
6.傳播或?yàn)槿死斫?.呼吁某人做某事
8.獲取利潤9.附上10.有意義
Sentence,patterns&communicativeEnglish
表抱怨
Thenewspaperistoblame…
Heshouldn’thavendoneit…
表達(dá)感情及不同意見
I’mangryabouttheadsfor…
I’mveryupsetbecauseIhavejust…
Ithinkthenewspaperisresponsibleandshouldhelpyougetmoneyback.
Grammar
復(fù)習(xí)賓語補(bǔ)足語(reviewtheObjectComplement)
Somepeoplefindadvertisementsusefulandentertaining.
Thereforeadvertising,insteadofmakingaproductmoreexpensive,oftenmakesitcheaper.
Topic&writing
運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言,圍繞廣告的作用這一題材,表達(dá)不滿或其他信息
背景知識(shí)
Advertising
Advertisingisamessagedesignedtoraiseaproduct,aserviceoranidea.Inmanycountries,peoplecomeintodailycontactwithmanykindsofadvertising.Advertisementsreachpeoplethroughnewspapers,magazines,television,radio,outdoorsigns,largeboardsandballoonsandsoon.Thepurposeistosellproductsorservices.Producersadvisetotrytocreatean“image“ofthecompanyandtheirproducts.Tobeeffective,anadvertisementmustbeattractiveandcangainaperson’interest.AdvertisersoftenpayfilmandTVstars,popularathletesandothercelebritiestoendorseproducts.Repeatedadvertisementscanhelpbuildacompany’sreputation,increaseproductsalesandreduceprice.Advertisingisnowascientificbusiness.Oncemanagerswouldsayjokingly,“IknowhalfofwhatIspendonadvertisingiswasted,butIdon’tknowwhichhalf”.Nowallpartsofanadvertisingprogramareproperlymeasuredandresearched.
細(xì)說教材
Warmingup
Whataretheytryingtopersuadeyoubuy?
他們?cè)噲D說服你買些什么?persuade動(dòng)詞“勸說說服”(指對(duì)方接受了),可用以下短語
persuadesbofsth.使某人相信某事
persuadesb.(not)todosth.說服某人(不要)做某事
persuadeInto/outofdoingsth.說服某人(不要)做某事
e.g.1.Theyfinallypersuadedthefathertosendhisdaughtertoschool.
他們最終說服了那位父親把女兒送到了學(xué)校。
e.g.2.Everyoneinhisfamilytriedtopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking,buthewon’tlisten.
家中的每一個(gè)人都試圖說服他戒煙,但他不聽
Whatkindsofwordsdoyouthinkyouwouldneedtotalkaboutadvertisingandadvertisements你認(rèn)為你需要用什么樣語言來談?wù)搹V告及廣告業(yè)?
這是doyouthink引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的特殊疑問句形式,賓語從句要用陳述句的語序
e.g.1.Whomdoyousuggesthehaverepair.thewashingmachine?你建議他讓誰來修理洗衣機(jī)?
e.g.2.Whatinformationdoyouthinkadscangiveyou?你認(rèn)為廣告能給你帶來什么信息?
…thenlisttheinformationinorderofimportance
然后按重要性先后排列
inorderof…“以……的順序”
e.g.inalphabetical/numerical/correct按字母/數(shù)字/正確的順序
inorder整齊有條不紊
e.g.1.Everythinginthehouseisinorder.這所房子里一切都井然有序
e.g.2Getyourideasintoorderbeforebeginningtowrite.寫作以前,先把思路理一理。
Listening
…makealistofthingsthatyouthinkareimportanttotakeintoconsiderationwhenbuyingalaptopcomputer.當(dāng)你購買膝上電腦時(shí),列出你認(rèn)為重要的該考慮的事情。 1.whenbuyingalaptopcomputer=whenyouarebuyingalaptopcomputer. 這是狀語從句的省略問題,狀語從句的省略有以下幾種情況。 (1)在狀語從句中如果主語與主句的主語一致,同時(shí)從句中又含有動(dòng)詞be則通常可省去從句中的主語和動(dòng)詞be,留下其余部分。 e.g.1.Shestoodatthegateasif(shewas)waitingforsomeone.她站在門口好像在等人。 e.g.2.Thewomanteacherhurriedlylefttheclassroomasthough(shewas)angry. 這位女教師匆匆忙忙離開教室,好像生氣了。 e.g.3.Theman,while(heis)overeighty,canwalkfasterthanI. 這人雖年過八十,卻比我走得快。 e.g.4.Don’tspeakuntil(youare)spokento.有人對(duì)你說話時(shí)你才說。 e.g.5.Becarefulwhile(youare)crossingtheroad.過馬路時(shí)要當(dāng)心。 e.g.6.When(itis)heated,icecanturnintowater.冰經(jīng)過加熱能變成水。 (2)若狀語從句中主語是it,動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞be,則通??墒∪ブ髡Zit及系動(dòng)詞be,留下其余部分。 e.g.1.Though(itwas)cold,hestillworeashirt.天氣雖然冷,他還穿一件襯衫。 e.g.2.Cometomorrowif(itis)possible.可能的話就明天來吧。 e.g.3.If(itis)so,youmustgetbackandgetit. 如果這樣的話,你必須回去把它拿來。 e.g.4.I’11buyaTVsetif(itis)necessary.如有必要,我就買一臺(tái)電視機(jī)。 e.g.5.Everythingwentonbetterthan(ithadbeen)expected. 一切進(jìn)展得比預(yù)料的順利。 e.g.6.Nomatterhowdifficult(itmaybe),wearedeterminedtocarrytheresearch totheend.不管有多困難,我們決心把研究進(jìn)行到底。 (3)狀語從句中的部分內(nèi)容若與主句的部分內(nèi)容相同,可將從句中的此部分內(nèi) 容省去。 e.g.1.Hehasnomoney.If(hehas)any,hewillgiveus. 他沒有錢,如果有,他會(huì)給我們的。 e.g.2.Someflowersshutupatnightasif(theydidthisinorder)tosleep. 有些花夜間收攏,好像為了睡眠一樣。 2.take…intoconsideration=giveconsiderationtosth.“把……考慮在內(nèi)” e.g.1.Yourteacherswilltakeyourrecentillnessintoconsiderationwhentheymarkyourexams.你的幾位老師評(píng)定你的考試成績(jī)時(shí),會(huì)考慮到你最近生病的情況。 e.g.2.Takingeverythingintoconsideration,theresultwasbetterthanIexpected. 從各方面考慮,結(jié)果比我預(yù)料的好。 Speaking Usetherolecardsbelowtoprepareameetingbetweenconcernedreadersandtheeditorinchargeofthenewspaper’sadvertisementsection.用下面這些角色的卡片來準(zhǔn)備一次有興趣的讀者與負(fù)責(zé)廣告部分的編輯的會(huì)面 inchargeof“負(fù)責(zé),掌管”inthechargeof“在……掌管下” takechargeof“負(fù)責(zé),掌管” e.g.1.Whoisinchargeofthefactorywhenyouareout? 你外出時(shí)誰來負(fù)責(zé)工廠? e.g.2.Anewteacherwilltakechargeoftheclass.一位新教師將來接管這個(gè)班級(jí)。 e.g.3.Don’tworryaboutyourdaughter,Mrs.Zhangwillbeinchargeofher,thatis,shewillbeinthechargeofMrs.Zhang. 別為你女兒擔(dān)心,張女士會(huì)照顧她的。也就是說她會(huì)在張女士的照顧之下。 e.g.4.Heisadoctorinchargeofthisoperation. 他是這次手術(shù)中的主治醫(yī)生。 與名詞“charge”搭配的詞還有. e.g.1.Thisparkisunderthechargeofthecity.這座公園由政府管理。 e.g.2.Wegaveherthechargeofthehousewhilewewereaway. 當(dāng)我們外出時(shí),我們托付她管理家務(wù)。 e.g.3.Thesechildrenaremycharges.這些孩子由我負(fù)責(zé)照顧。 charge可用作動(dòng)詞意思是“索價(jià)”,常與for搭配 e.g.1.Shechargedmetendollarsforahaircut.她給我理發(fā),索價(jià)10美元。 e.g.2.Howmuchdoyouchargeforaroomwithbuss?一間帶浴室的房間要多少錢? e.g.3.They’llchargeatleast0formovingthepiano .搬運(yùn)這架鋼琴最少要花費(fèi)600美元。 e.g.4.Thegovernmentchargedaheavytaxonluxuries. 政府對(duì)奢侈品征重稅。 Youthinkthenewspaperistoblameforthisbecause… 你認(rèn)為報(bào)紙應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé),因?yàn)椤?p>betoblame的意思是該受責(zé)備,不可說成tobeblamed如需說明事由。后接for e.g.1.Iamnottoblameforthemistake.這個(gè)差錯(cuò)不該怪我。 e.g2.Whoistoblamefortheinflatedrents?房租上漲該由誰負(fù)責(zé)。 blame還可以用另外句型blamesb.forsth.=blamesth.onsb. e.g.Theyblamedherfortheaccident.=Theyblamedtheaccidentonher. 他們?yōu)檫@次事故而責(zé)怪他。 Askforexplanationsandexampleswhennecessary. 必要時(shí)請(qǐng)給一些解釋和說明 whennecessary=(whenitisnecessary).這是一個(gè)省略的狀語從句 Pre-readingMakealistofadvantagesanddisadvantagesofadvertisements. 請(qǐng)列出廣告的好處與弊端 advantage作名詞,意為“益處,優(yōu)勢(shì),利益” toone’sadvantage對(duì)某人有好處 e.g.1.Morepracticewillbetoyouradvantage.多練習(xí)是對(duì)你有好處的。 e.g.2.Voicetrainingwillbetoyouradvantageifyouplantogointothetheatre. 如果你想當(dāng)演員,進(jìn)行發(fā)音訓(xùn)練對(duì)你是有好處的 havetheadvantageof比……占優(yōu)勢(shì) e.g.Ihadtheadvantageofhim. (=Iwasinabetterpositionthanhewas.)我比他占優(yōu)勢(shì)。 taketheadvantageof利用,欺騙 e.g.1.Heoftentookadvantageofherlackofbusinessknowledge. 他經(jīng)常利用她對(duì)經(jīng)商缺乏知識(shí)這一弱點(diǎn)。 e.g.2.Itooktheadvantageofthefineweathertodaytoplaytennis. 我利用今天天氣好這一機(jī)會(huì)打網(wǎng)球。 e.g.3.Hetooktheadvantageofme.他欺騙了我 disadvantage名詞,“不利條件” e.g.Thedisadvantagewithcarryingoutinterviewsisthatitmaytakealongtime. 進(jìn)行采訪的不利條件是要用很長時(shí)間。。 Reading Advertising廣告advertise作動(dòng)詞,意為“為……登廣告”用法如下 advertise+名詞for…/that-clause e.g.1.Theyadvertisedausedcarforsale(=Theyadvertisedthattheyhadausedcarforsale). 他們登廣告賣一臺(tái)舊車。 e.g.2.Theyadvertisedahouseforrentinthenewspapers.他們?cè)趫?bào)紙上登廣告出租房屋。 advertisefor…登廣告征求(尋找)…… e.g.1.weshouldadvertiseforsomeonetolookafterthegarden. 我們應(yīng)登廣告找個(gè)人來照看花園。 e.g.2.Hehasadvertisedforajob.他已登廣告求職了。 advertisement是advertise的名詞形式 put/placeanadvertisementthenewspaper在報(bào)上登廣告 e.g.1.Thatcompanyhasputanadvertisementinnewspapersforclerks. 那家公司已在報(bào)上登廣告招聘職員。 e.g.2.Advertisementhelpstosellgoods.廣告有助于推銷貨物. (advertisement有時(shí)表抽象概念) Thedevelopmentofradio,televisionandothermediahasgonehandinhandwiththedevelopmentofadvertising. 無線電、電視、電影、雜志和報(bào)紙的發(fā)展同廣告業(yè)的發(fā)展是齊頭并進(jìn)的 handinhand“手拉手,攜手,共同地” e.g.1.Dirtanddiseasegohandinhand.骯臟和疾病是形影相隨的。 e.g.2..Thetwofirmsworkhandinhand這兩家公司聯(lián)手經(jīng)營。 e.g.3..Theybothwalkedintothehallhandinhand他們兩個(gè)手拉手走進(jìn)大廳。 結(jié)構(gòu)類似的短語還有sidebyside肩并肩地,facetoface面對(duì)面地, arminarm臂挽臂地,shouldertoshoulder肩并肩地 Defendersofadssaythatadshelpusmakeinformedchoicesasconsumersbyintroducinggoodqualityproducts. 指責(zé)廣告人說廣告通過介紹高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品使我們做出了有信息的選擇。 product名詞意為“產(chǎn)品,生產(chǎn)物,結(jié)果” e.g.1.ImportantproductsofSouthAfricaarefruitandgold.南非重要的物產(chǎn)是水果和黃金。 e.g.2.Ourcarisaproductofthatfactory.我們的車就是那家工廠的產(chǎn)品。 e.g.3.Thisplanwastheproductofmanyhoursofcarefulthought. 這個(gè)計(jì)劃是許多個(gè)小時(shí)精心思考的結(jié)果。 product與production的區(qū)別 product意為“產(chǎn)品,產(chǎn)物,結(jié)果”是可數(shù)名詞。 production 是動(dòng)詞produce(生產(chǎn),制造)的名詞,一般說來是不可數(shù)名詞,意思是“生產(chǎn),制造,產(chǎn)量”。 e.g.1.Productionisatalltimesandunderallconditionsasocialone. 生產(chǎn)在任何時(shí)候和任何條件下都是社會(huì)的生產(chǎn)。 e.g.2.Japanisfamousfortheproductionoftransistorradios. 日本以生產(chǎn)半導(dǎo)體收音機(jī)而聞名。 e.g.3.Productionhasincreasedinthelastfewweeks.在過去幾周里,產(chǎn)量已增加了。 Ontheotherhand,criticssometimesaccusecompaniesofusingadstomisleadingusbymakingusbelievethatacertainproductisbetterthanitreallyisorthatwewillbehappierifwebuytheproduct. 另一方面,有時(shí)愛挑剔的人指責(zé)廣告公司利用廣告來誤導(dǎo)我們,從而使我們相信如果我們買了某種產(chǎn)品我們就會(huì)更加幸福或?qū)Ξa(chǎn)品夸大其詞。 .a(chǎn)ccuse“指責(zé)譴責(zé)控告” e.g.1.Hewasaccusedofmurder.他被指控為謀殺者 e.g.2.Thereportaccusedthegovernmentofshirkingitsresponsibilities. .這份報(bào)告制作政府推卸責(zé)任。 e.g.3.Areyouaccusingmeofcheating?你在指責(zé)我作弊嗎? Customersseesomanyadseverydaythatadvertisersmustworkhardtogettheirmessageacross. 顧客們每天都可以看到許多廣告以至于廣告人不得不設(shè)法使他們的信息被人接受。 .getacross使……理解或接受 e.g.1.Ourteacherisveryclever,butnotverygoodatgettinghisideasacrosstous. 我們的老師很聰明,但他不善于把他的觀點(diǎn)向我們講清楚。 e.g.2.Themessagegotacrossatlast.這信息終于被理解了。 Thebestchancetoreachcustomersistoappealtotheiremotions. 使顧客理解的最佳機(jī)會(huì)是吸引他們的情緒。 .a(chǎn)ppeal“懇求哀求強(qiáng)烈呼吁” e.g.1.Thepoliceareappealingtothepublicforanyinformationaboutthemurdervictim. 警方呼吁公眾提供被殺害者的情況 e.g.2.Theyareappealingforfundstobuildanewchurch. 他們呼吁為建造新教室而募捐。 appealto“使……喜歡吸引使……感興趣”(不用進(jìn)行式) e.g.1.Thiscolorappealstome.這種顏色我喜歡。 e.g.2.Toysappealtosmallchildren.玩具使孩子們很感興趣。 Armedwithfactsandfigures,customersarebetterabletodealwiththeoftenpowerfulargumentsgivenbyasalesmanorasaleswoman。 具有了事實(shí)和價(jià)格,顧客們能夠?qū)Ω赌切╀N售員做出的強(qiáng)烈論斷。 1.Armedwithfactsandfigures…這是過去分詞短語用作狀語 e.g.1.Coveredwithgreentrees,thehilllooksmorebeautiful. 長滿了樹,這座小水看起來更漂亮了。 e.g.2.Crowdedwithsmallchildren.theroomsoundsnoisy. 擠滿了小孩,這房間聽起來更嘈雜了 2.arm及物或不及物動(dòng)詞“為……提供武器裝備,武裝” e.g.1.Thecrowdedarmedthemselveswithbrokenbottles.群眾用破瓶子武裝起來 e.g.2.Thecountryarmed(itself)inpreparationforwar.這個(gè)國家已武裝起來準(zhǔn)備打仗。 Notalladsareusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompany’sprofits. 并不是所有的廣告都能促銷或增加公司的利潤。 這是一個(gè)不完全否定的句子,還可以說成 Alladsaren’tusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompany’sprofits. 當(dāng)all,every,both等詞與not連用時(shí),表示不完全否定,若需用完全否定,則用none,neither,no等 e.g.1.Noteverychildlikestogetpresents.并不是每個(gè)孩子都樂意得到禮物。 =Everychilddoesn’tliketogetpresents. e.g.2.Nochildlikestogetpresents.沒有孩子樂意得到禮物。 e.g.3.Allthatglittersisn’tgold.閃閃發(fā)光未必都是金子 e.g.4.NotbothofthemhavebeentoAmerica.他們倆并未都去過美國 e.g.5.Neitherofthemhascome.他們倆都沒來Integratingskill Agoodadoftenuseswordstowhichpeopleattachpositivemeanings. 一個(gè)好的廣告通常使用人們認(rèn)為可信的語言 attach“系連接附著”attachto“重視和……有關(guān)” e.g.1.Becareful,thehandleisn’twellattached.小心!那個(gè)把手接得不牢 e.g.2.Sheattachesgreatimportancetoregularexercises.她非常重視常規(guī)訓(xùn)練 e.g.3.Noblameattachestohimfortheaccident.這次事故的責(zé)任與他無關(guān)。 e.g.4.Iamdeeplyattachedtotheoldcar.我非常喜歡這輛舊車 Aproductwillsellbetterifitispromotedwithaslogan. 如果用標(biāo)語促銷,產(chǎn)品的銷勢(shì)會(huì)更好 sell這里用作不及物動(dòng)詞,主動(dòng)式表被動(dòng)意義類似這種用法的動(dòng)詞還有write,wash,open,close,record等, e.g.1ThepenIboughtlastweekwriteswell.我上周買的鋼筆很好用 e.g.2.Thedooropenseasily.這門很好開 e.g.3.Thiskindofclothdoesn’twasheasily.這種布料不容易洗。 Nobodyboughttheproduct,becausewhentranslated,itmeant“Xputslivingthingsintodryhair.”然而,誰也不來買這種產(chǎn)品,因?yàn)樵浣?jīng)過翻譯之后,意思變成了“X使干發(fā)生蟲” whentranslated=whenitistranslated Sometimes,thepromisesdon’tmakesense. 有時(shí),這些諾言沒有任何意思 makesense“講得通,能被理解,有道理” e.g.1.NomatterhowIreadit,thissensedoesn’tmakeanysense. 這句話不管我怎么讀,都看不懂 e.g.2.Doesitmakesensetoletchildrenplaywithfire? 讓小孩玩火有道理嗎? e.g.3.Hisattitudedoesn’tmakesense. 他的態(tài)度毫無道理。 makesenseof“了解……道理,懂得……” e.g.Canyoumakeanysenseofwhathesays?你理解他的話嗎? Grammar 語法:賓語補(bǔ)足語 英語當(dāng)中,賓語補(bǔ)足語是用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語的狀態(tài)、特性、身份或是賓語所進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。能用來充當(dāng)英語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)有名詞、代詞、形容詞、介、副詞短語、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞等等。 e.g.1.Wemadehimourmonitoratthemeeting.在會(huì)議上我們選他做我們的班長。(名詞) e.g.2.Howcanyougetsomeonetohelpyou?你如何能找人幫助你。(動(dòng)詞不定式、) e.g.3.Hiswordskeptusthinkingdeeply.他的話使我們陷入沉思。(現(xiàn)在分詞) e.g.4.I’llhavemybikerepairedtomorrow.我明天要修自行車。(過去分詞) e.g.5.You’dbetterkeepyourwindowsopenwhileyouareathome. 你在家時(shí)最好開著窗子。(形容詞) e.g.6..WhenIarrivedthere,Ifoundnobodyin.我到達(dá)那時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有人在家(介詞短語)。 (1)常見的帶名詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有:call,name,make,elect,think,find,consider,leave,keep等 e.g.1.Theyfoundheraverysuitablepersonforthejob.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)她很適宜做這項(xiàng)工作。 e.g.2.Wemustkeepitasecret.我們必須保密。 e.g.3..Thatyearhismotherdied,leavinghimanorphan.那年他母親死了,使他成為孤兒。 e.g.4.Whatdoyoucallthiskindofflower?這種花你們叫什么? e.g.5.Forthatreason,Iconsideritsomethingwemustneverdo. 因?yàn)檫@個(gè)緣故,我感到這是件絕不應(yīng)該做的事。 (2)下列動(dòng)詞接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)hear,listento,see,watch,notice,feel,let,have,make要省略to。若把它們變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),則要帶上to。 e.g.1.Whowillyouhaverepairthewashingmachine?你打算讓誰來修理洗衣機(jī)。 e.g.2..Hewasmadetoworktwentyhoursaday.有人讓他一天工作20個(gè)小時(shí)。 (3)有些動(dòng)詞既可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,也可以接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語,二者的區(qū)別是動(dòng)詞不定式表全過程,現(xiàn)在分詞則表動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行 e.g.1.Wesawpeoplecelebratingthevictoryeverywhere.我們到處看到人們?cè)跉g慶勝利。 e.g.2.Isawhimentertheroom我看到他走進(jìn)屋里了。 (4)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語,和過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別是,現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)或動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,過去分詞則表被動(dòng)與完成。 e.g.1..Theyfoundtheroomcrowdedwithpeople.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)屋里擠滿了人。 e.g.2.Howshallwesetthewholethinggoing?我們?cè)撛鯓又职堰@件事推動(dòng)起來。 (5)當(dāng)tobe結(jié)構(gòu)跟在feel或find后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),to不可省略掉,但可把tobe都省略掉。 e.g.1.Whatyoufeel(tobe)rightmaynotberight.你覺得正確的不一定正確。 e.g.2.Hefoundhimself(tobe)inaforest.他發(fā)現(xiàn)他自己處在一個(gè)大森林里。 考題檔案 1.(2003海淀二摸)O’Nealworkshard.Heisoftenseenheavilybeforehisteammateshaveeverarrivedatpractice. A.sweatedB.tobesweatedC.sweatingD.beingsweated 2.(2003南京質(zhì)檢)――Whowouldyouliketoseeatthemoment? ――ThemanMr.Nelson A.calledhimselfB.wecallhimC.callinghimselfD.iscalled 3.(2003名校聯(lián)考)Youwillseethisproductwhereveryougo. A.tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.a(chǎn)dvertiseDadvertising 4.(2003名校聯(lián)考)Youwillfindtheword“humidity”under“H”inanydictionary. A.haslistedB.listedC.listD.listing 5.(2003西城四月)Televisionhassomanyadvantages.Itkeepsusaboutthenews,andalsoprovidesentertainmentinthehome. A.informed,latestB.toknowlate C.learning,laterD.tothink,latest 6.(2003汕頭模擬)――Isthatthelaundry?Ihavesomeclothes. ――Leavetheminyourroom,please,andwe’regoingtofetchthemsoon. A.towashB.tobewashedC.washedD.washing 7.(2004荊州二檢)Thepartywassuccessful,butwethoughtitapitynotyou. A.inviteB.toinvitedC.tohaveinvitedD.inviting 8.Theoldmanhadaletterfromhissoninthearmytohim. A.readB.writeC.writtenD.received 9.(2004上海)Iyounottomovemydictionary.NowIcan’tfindit A.a(chǎn)skedB.a(chǎn)skC.wasaskingD.hadasked 10.(2002上海)Ifeelitisyourhusbandwhoforthespoiledchild. A.istoblameB.isgoingtoblameC.istobeblamedD.shouldblame 11.(2003北京春高)Themanagerhasgotagoodbusinesssothecompanyisdoingwell. A.ideaB.senseC.thoughtD.thinking 參考答案 1.選Cseesb.doingsth.看到某人做某事 2.選C自稱為 3.選B過去分詞用作賓語補(bǔ)足語 4.B 5.A 6.選Bhave作“有”解而不是使役動(dòng)詞I并不是wash的主語因此要用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式作定語 7.選C動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之前 8.A 9.選A過去我(反復(fù))告訴你不要?jiǎng)游业淖值?,(但你?dòng)了字典)現(xiàn)在(我)找不著了 10.A 11.B 一課一測(cè) (檢測(cè)自己的能力) A級(jí)(基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1.YesterdayprofessorSmithgaveusatalk.Hisspeechsomenewpoints. Wewereinit. A.has,interestingB.had.interested C.broughtin,interestedD.broughtabout,interested 2.——Thisdialogueshouldaquestion,notapuzzle. ——Iam A.havestartedwith,toblameB.startwith,tobeblamed C.havestartedfrom,toblameD.startfrom,tobeblamed 3.Don’twhile A.breakingin,speakingB.getin,spokento C.breakout,speakD.getout,spoken 4.Therewassomuchnoiseintheroomthatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself. A.beheardB.heardC.tobeheardD.hear 5.Ourfootballteam,successfulinqualifyingforthe2002WorldCupfinals,stillhasalongwaytogo. A.asB.afterC.onceD.though 6.Thisisaillnessthatcanresultintotalblindnessleftuntreated. A.afterB.ifC.sinceD.unless 7.——Theboyisgainingweightrecently. ——I’mafraidso.Healwayshasagreatdealmore,chocolateandsweets,forexample, isnecessary. A.thatB.whereC.whatD.than 8.Thesebooksarebothinterestingandinstructive.Nowondertheyreadingpublic. A.appealforB.appearinC.appealtoD.appearon 9.Theprofessorsometimesmakesremarksthatarenotthetopic. A.associatingwithB.relatingtoC.associatedwithD.relatingwith 10.——Theirofferseemstoogoodtobetrue. ——Don’tworry.Therearenostrings. A.attachedB.accusedC.awareofD.attacked B級(jí)(應(yīng)用創(chuàng)新) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1.personwithgoodeducationusuallygetsgoodjob. A.The,a不填B.A,a,aC.The,不填,theD.A,不填,不填 2.Helenthemoneyfromtheoffice,shedidn’tcomeintotheofficeonthedayitwasstolen. A.needn’t,havestolen,becauseB.mighthavetaken C.can’thavestolen,forD.musthavestolen:as 3.Twometersofsnowduringthenight.Asaresult,severalmainroads. A.hasfallen,hasblockedB.fell,wereblocked C.wasfalling,hadbeenclosedD.hadfallen;coveredwithsnow 4.IrememberAlice,mylittleniece,oftenaskedquestionsthatchildrenwouldask. A.twicesooldassheB.twiceasoldasherage C.oldertwicethanherageD.twiceofherage 5.——Whatdoyouthinkofthecomputeronexhibition? ――Well,that’sgreat.ButIdon’tthinkmuchofyoubought. A.theoneB.itC.thisD.which 6.Thewriterandprofessor,Ioftenrefertoatthemeetings,famousforthoseworks. A.whom,isB.who,areC.that,amD.which,were 7.Theteacher’seyes,withoutanyexpression,theboywhomadefaces. A.watchedB.staredatC.wasglaredatD.werefixedupon 8.hehaslearnedthroughpracticebeforehimalotinhisfuturework. A.That,helpingB.What,helpedC.That,ithelpsD.What,;willhelp 9.Mr.Whitefoundherhusbandbylettersandpapersandveryworried. A.surrounded,looking;B.surrounding,looked C.surrounded,lookedD.surrounding,looking 10.I’mpenniless,dear:Icanaffordofwhatyouaskedfor. A.littleB.nothingC.noneD.few 11.——Isn’thisjobsatisfactory? ――Wecan’tpraiseittoohighly. A.Yes,itisB.Ithinkjustso—soC.No,itisn’tD.Notsonice,youknow 12.——IdliketohavesomelunchbutIhavetostayheredoingmywork. ――WhatyouwantandIcangetitforyou. A.TotellmeB.TellingmeC.IfyoutellmeD.Tellme 13.――.isherbrother? ――Theboyontherightwearingabluejacket. A.WhoB.WhatC.WhichD.Where 14.AlthoughMaryhadbeenawayfromforalongtime,whenshecamenearherhouse,everythingsuddenlybecame. A.clearB.similarC.anxiousD.familiar 15.Thebetteruseyoucanmaketime,thegreatercontributionsyouwillmakesociety A.in,toB.on,forC.of,toD.in,on Ⅱ完形填空 Iwascleaningoutanoldboxwhenanoldcardcaughtmyeye:QueenCityCasketCompany.“Whatisit?”Iwondered.I 1 itover.There,infadedink,wasahand-scrawled(手寫的) 2 .Immediatelymymindtraveled3manyyears. Iwasnineyearsold,walkingdownthecold,wetstreetsof Springfield,withabagofmagazinesonmyshoulder.Onmy4 thatday.IcametothatCompanyfinally,whoseowner,Mr.Rader,hadalwaystakenmetheretoaskhisworkers5theywantedanymagazines. Shakingoffthe6likeawetdog.IenteredMr.Radersoffice.Afteraquickglance,he7meovertothefire-place.Noticingthe8inthetopofmy9,hesaid,“Comewithme!”,pullingmeintohispickup10.wepulledtoastopbeforeashoestore.Inside,asalesman11mewiththefinestpairofOxfordsIhad12seen.I13about10feettallwhenIgotup14them.“We’dlikeapairofnewsockstoo.”MrRadersaid. Backinhisoffice,MrRadertookouta15,wrotesomethingonit,andhandedittome.With16eyes,Iread,“Dotoothersasyouwouldhavethemdotoyou.”Hesaidaffectionately(深情地),“Jimmy,Iwantyouto 17Iloveyou”. Isaidgood-bye,andforthefirsttimeI18aflickerofhopethatsomehowthingswouldbe19.WithpeoplelikeMrRaderintheworld,therewashope,kindnessandlove,andthatwouldalwaysmakea20. 1.A.readB.thoughtC.turnedD.passed 2.A.a(chǎn)ddressB.1istC.messageD.information 3.A.forwardB.soC.a(chǎn)headD.back 4.A.returnB.roundsC.tripD.a(chǎn)rrival 5.A.ifonlyB.howC.whetherD.why 6.A.dustB.sweatC.tailD.rain 7.A.ledB.followedC.watchedD.carried 8.A.holeB.mudC.waterD.cover 9.A.magazineB.shoeC.sockD.bag 10A.truckB.factoryC.homeD.store l1.A.dressedB.fittedC.showedD.comforted 12.A.everB.a(chǎn)lreadyC.neverD.hardly 13.A.a(chǎn)ppearedB.seemedC.looked D.felt 14.A.forB.withC.onD.in 15.A.penB.paperC.cardD.notebook 16.A.tearfulB.unbelievableC.curious. D.puzzled 17.A.a(chǎn)dmitB.knowC.consider D.express 18.A.sensedB.receivedC.lost D.gained 19.A.mistakenB.fightC.a(chǎn)llright D.possible 20.A.dealB.fortuneC.choiceD.difference Ⅲ閱讀理解 A MoneyspentonadvertisingismoneyspentaswellasanyIknowof.Itservesdirectlytobringaboutarapidsaleofgoodsatreasonableprices,sosettingupafirmhomemarketandmakingitpossibletoprovideforexport(出口)atgoodprices.Bydrawingattentiontonewideasithelpsgreatlytoraisestandardsofliving.Byhelpingtoincreasedemanditcausesanincreasedneedforlabor,andisthereforeanicewaytofightunemployment.Itlowersthecostsofmanyservices;withoutadvertisementsyourdailynewspaperwouldcostfourtimesasmuch,thepriceofyourtelevisionprogramwouldneedtobedoubled,andtravelbybusorsubwaywouldcostmore. Andperhapsmostimportantofall,advertisingprovidesapromiseofreasonablevalueintheproductsandservicesyoubuy.BesidesthefactthattwentysevenActsofParliament(國會(huì))governthetermsofadvertising,noregularadvertiserdareproduceanythingthatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhisadvertisements.Hemightfoolsomepeopleforalittlewhilethroughmisleadingadvertising.Hewillnotdosoforlong,forthepublichasthegoodsensenottobuythepoorgoodsmorethanonce.Ifyouseeproductfrequentlyadvertised,itistheproofIknowthattheproductdoeswhatispromisedforit,andthatithasgoodvalue. AdvertisingdoesmoreforthegoodofthepublicthananyotherforceIcanthinkof. ThereisonemorepointIfeelIoughttotouchon.RecentlyIheardawell-knowntelevisionpersondeclarethathewasagainstadvertisingbecauseitpersuadesratherthaninforms.Hewastellingustherealdifference.0fcourseadvertisingtriestopersuade.Ifitsmessagewerenothingbutinformation,thatwouldbedifficulttogetmorepeopletobuy,foreventhechoiceofthecolorofashirtisabitpersuasive(有說服力的)——advertisingwouldbesoboringthatnoonewouldpayanyattention.Butperhapsthatiswhatthewell-knowntelevisionpersonwants. 1.Bythefirstsentenceofthepassagethewritermeansthat. A.heisfairlyfamiliarwiththecostofadvertising B.everybodyknowswellthatadvertisingisawasteofmoney C.advertisingcostsmoremoneythaneverythingelse D.moneyonadvertisingisworthspending 2.Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTincludedintheadvantagesofadvertising? A.Gettinggreatfame. B.Providingmorejobs. C.Raisinglivingstandards. D.Reducingnewspapercost. 3.Thewriterthinksthatwell-knownTVpersonis A.quiterightinpassinghisjudgmentonadvertising B.interestedinnothingbutthebuyers’attention C.correctintellingthedifferencebetweenpersuasionandinformation D.obviouslyunfairinhisviewsonadvertising 4.Inthewriter’sopinion,. A.advertisingcanseldombringmaterialinteresttomanbyprovidinginformation B.advertisinginformspeopleofnewideasratherthanwinsthemover C.there’snothingwrongwithadvertisinginpersuadingthebuyer D.thebuyerisnotinterestedingettinginformationfromanadvertisement B Noteveryoneintheworldrequiresthesameamountoflivingspace.Theamountofspaceapersonneedsaroundhimisacultural(文化的)difference,notaneconomic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的)one.Knowingyourownpsychological(心理的)spaceneedsisimportantbecausetheystronglyaffectyourchoices,including,forexample,thenumberofbedroomsinthehome.Ifyouwerebroughtupinatwo-childrenfamilyandbothyouandyoursisterorbrotherhadyourownbedrooms,thechancesare,ifyouhavetwochildrenormore,thatyoualsowillofferseparatebedroomsforthem.InAmerica,forexample,theytrainpeopletowanttohavetheirownroomsbygivingthemtheirownroomswhentheyarebabies.Thisisveryrareintheworld,Inmanyothercountries,thebabysleepsinthesamebedwithhisparentsorinbednearthem. Thespaceinthehomealsoshowsalotaboutpsychologicalspaceneeds.Somefamiliesgatherclosertoeachotherandthesizeoftheirhousehasnothingtodowithit.Otherhaveseparatelittlecornerswherefamilymembersgotobealone,Althoughitistruethat、psychologicalspaceneedsarenotdecidedbyeconomicreasons,theysometimeshavetobechangedalittlebecauseofeconomicpressures.Itisalmostimpossible,however,tocompletelychangeyourpsychologicalspaceneeds. 5.Thefirstsentenceinparagraph1“Noteveryoneintheworldrequiresthesameamountoflivingspace”mean A.notwopeopleneedexactlythesameamountoflivingspace B.livingspacerequirementsarenotalwaysthesame C.theworldrequiresthesameamountoflivingspace D.nobodyneedsarequiredamountoflivingspace 6.Somefamiliesgatherclosertoeachotherathomethanothersbecause. A.theyhavelimitedlivingspace B.theyarebroughtupinalargefamily C.itsatisfiestheirpsychologicalspaceneeds D.thechildreninthefamilysleepinthesamebedwiththeirparents 7.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage? A.Americansaretrainedtoliveinlargeroomsatbirth. B..Economicsituationdecidesone’samountofspaceneeds. C.Peopleinvariouscountriesdemanddifferentpsychologicalspace. D.Knowingyourpsychologicalspaceneedsisimportant,asitaffectsyourfuture. 8Accordingtothewriterofthepassage,psychologicalspaceneeds. A.a(chǎn)renotaffectedbyincomeatall B.canhardlybechangedaltogether C.canbechangedifyoumakeupyourmindtodoso D.havenothingtodowithculturalbackground 9.Thebesttitleforpassageis. A.AmericanWayofLiving B.PsychologicalSpace C.SpaceNeedsinDifferentCountries D.PsychologicalSpaceandEconomicPressure Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) Ahobbyissomethingthatinterestyouverymuch,1. Andismakingordoingorlearningsomethingjustonfun2. ofthem.Inthedaysthatmostworkwasdonebyhand.3. Peopledon’thavemuchtimeforfun.Evenchildren4. sometimesworkedfifteenandsixteenhoursaday.Now5. thingsarequitedifferentfromthepast.Schoollastsonly6.. aboutsixhoursaday.andtherearelongsummerand7. wintervocations.Almosteveryonehasgreatdealof8.timetospendthathepleases.Muchsparetime9. isnowspendingonvarioushobbies.Youcandowhatyou10. wanttowhenyouarefree. Ⅴ書面表達(dá) 某地計(jì)劃修訂《中小學(xué)生守則》,欲將“生活謙虛、簡(jiǎn)樸”去掉。假如你是某校學(xué)生會(huì)主席,組織部分學(xué)生就這一問題進(jìn)行討論。有人贊成,有人反對(duì)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下表所提供的信息,寫一份總結(jié)材料。 贊成的人認(rèn)為 反對(duì)的人認(rèn)為 1.過分強(qiáng)調(diào)謙虛,簡(jiǎn)樸,你將不會(huì)引起別人的注意 1.學(xué)生應(yīng)該生活簡(jiǎn)樸 2.會(huì)猶豫不決,失去很多機(jī)會(huì) 2.我們的衣食都依靠父母 3.表現(xiàn)自己很重要 3學(xué)習(xí)比衣著更重要 4.自信和良好的外表會(huì)給別人留下好的印象 4謙虛會(huì)學(xué)到很多東西 5牢記古訓(xùn):驕傲必?cái)?p>注意 1字?jǐn)?shù):120左右 2參考詞匯:謙虛簡(jiǎn)樸modestyandsimplicity自信confidence 3文章的開頭已為你寫好。 Somestudentsthinkthat…… 參考答案 A級(jí) Ⅰ單項(xiàng)填空1~5CABBD6~10BDCCA B級(jí) Ⅰ單項(xiàng)填空1~5BCBDA6~10ADDAC11~15ADCDC Ⅱ完形填空 1~5CCDBC6~10DAABA11~15BADDC16~20ABACD Ⅲ閱讀理解1~4DADC5~9BCCBB Ⅳ短文改錯(cuò)1.interestinterests2.onfor3.thatwhen4don’tdidn’t5.andor6.thingthings7.√8vacationsvacation9thatas10spendingspent Ⅴ書面表達(dá) Somestudentsthinkit’sgoodtochangetheitems.Puttingtoomuchemphasisuponmodestyandsimplicitywillmeanyouwillneverbenoticedbyothers.Youmighthesitateandlosemanychances.Inmodernsociety,itisimportanttoshowyourselftoothers.Confidenceandgoodappearancehelpyoumakeagoodimpression.Soeveryoneshouldbeconfidentandtakethechancetoshowofftheirability.Someotherstudentsdon’tagreewithit.Studentsshouldlearntoliveasimplelife.Becausetheydependontheirparentsforfoodandclothing.Theyshouldalsospendmoretimeontheirstudies.Asastudent,studyingismoreimportantthantheclothesthathewears.Asformodesty.AnoldChinesesayingreads,“Pridegoesbeforeafall”.Ittellsusthatifwearetobesuccessful,wemustlearntobemodestfirst.Beingmodestwillhelpuslearnmore. 習(xí)題對(duì)話 Wordstudy 11)blame2)react3)broadcast4)posted5)annoyed6)advertised7)appeals8)associate 2husbandgrandmothergranddaughterbrothergirluncleniecebride chairwomanladysirqueenheroactresshostwaitersaleswomangod 31)inchargeof2)posted3)broadcast4)togetthemessageacross5)evidence6)campaigns7)annoying8)appealto9)takenintoconsideration10)accurate11)salesmen12)associatewith Grammar 11)E2)A3)F4)D5)C6)B7)G8)H 21)find2)feel3)encourage4)employed5)consider6)influenced7)aren’tmisled8)helps9)tomake 課文翻譯: 廣告 廣告到處可見——它們可以在電視上播放,在收音機(jī)上廣播,在英特網(wǎng)上宣傳,也可以印制在報(bào)紙上,以及我們城市里的海報(bào)上。廣告是一個(gè)高度發(fā)達(dá)的產(chǎn)業(yè),無線電,電視,以及其他媒體的發(fā)展,與廣告業(yè)的發(fā)展是齊頭并進(jìn)的。 人們對(duì)廣告做出的反應(yīng)各異,有人認(rèn)為,廣告是有益的和具有娛樂性的,也有一些人認(rèn)為,它們是令人惱怒的,廣告的代言人說,廣告可以通過介紹高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品幫助我們消費(fèi)者做出明智的選擇。另一方面,反對(duì)者有時(shí)控告一些公司利用廣告來誤導(dǎo)我們,因?yàn)閺V告對(duì)某種產(chǎn)品夸大其詞,或者說我們買某件產(chǎn)品我們就會(huì)更加幸福。 廣告的最基本的原則非常簡(jiǎn)單,公司可以通過向一些可能的消費(fèi)者介紹一個(gè)品牌,或者是把消費(fèi)者的需要與產(chǎn)品聯(lián)系進(jìn)來,來影響消費(fèi)者做出選擇。每天消費(fèi)者可看到如此多的廣告,以至于廣告商不得不努力地使他們的信息廣為傳播,基于這種原因,公司不得不花大筆錢來雇傭廣告人,使消費(fèi)者能夠理解的最大可能性是迎合他們的胃口,如果這樣,那廣告似乎在向消費(fèi)者出售他們用錢買不到的東西:愛情幸福和成功,而不是賣產(chǎn)品。 廣告以不同的方式來幫助公司及顧客。連續(xù)的廣告能增加產(chǎn)品的銷售量,這已經(jīng)被反復(fù)證明過。因?yàn)殇N售量的增加意味著產(chǎn)量的增加,因此價(jià)格可以大大降低了。所以廣告往往使產(chǎn)品便宜而不是昂貴。廣告還可以幫助顧客做出合理的選擇。在我們買一些比較昂貴的東西時(shí)比如汽車,電腦等,有許多事情需要考慮。(這時(shí))廣告就能幫助我們做出正確的選擇。 也許廣告最重要的作用是介紹新產(chǎn)品。真實(shí)的廣告可以提供一些有用的信息,從而有助于顧客做出決定他們是否需要廣告的產(chǎn)品,通過解說產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)業(yè)等的特征,作用及成本等,廣告還允許顧客在進(jìn)商場(chǎng)前,對(duì)產(chǎn)品的價(jià)格和質(zhì)量進(jìn)行比較。有了事實(shí)和數(shù)據(jù),顧客就能更好地應(yīng)付廣告人的強(qiáng)烈地說詞。 并不是所有的廣告都用來提升產(chǎn)品或增加公司的利潤。許多政府部門也利用廣告來使人們認(rèn)識(shí)一些社會(huì)問題及政府的政策。一些機(jī)構(gòu)通常讓一些名人當(dāng)他們的代言人。來使他們的信息被人了解。例如,聯(lián)合國曾動(dòng)用球星羅納爾多和歌手小室哲哉代表聯(lián)合國向公眾宣傳他們的計(jì)劃。通過廣告高科技,政府部門及其他一些非盈利組織能夠傳播知識(shí),改變態(tài)度及促進(jìn)社會(huì)的發(fā)展等。 也有一些廣告是沒有用的。也有一些“惡劣”廣告用一些非法手段來誤導(dǎo)消費(fèi)者。識(shí)別一個(gè)不良廣告不是一件容易的事。但是有幾點(diǎn)需要我們留心。首先,我們應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)防那些“隱藏的信息”,有些廣告通過呈現(xiàn)一些部分真實(shí),部分被改良過的照片來誤導(dǎo)我們。類似的伎倆也被用在所謂的“誘餌”廣告上,在這樣的廣告里向顧客展示的是一樣產(chǎn)品,而最后給顧客的又是另一樣產(chǎn)品。 沒有明顯的證明來證明廣告的效應(yīng)到底是多大。但是它們對(duì)公司和顧客來說的確很重要。好的廣告可以幫助公司介紹新產(chǎn)品和增加銷售量。若廣告提供精確的信息。他們能幫助普通的消費(fèi)者以最優(yōu)惠的價(jià)格買到理想的產(chǎn)品。因?yàn)閺V告來勢(shì)洶洶和一些廣告公司常企圖誤導(dǎo)我們,在閱讀廣告時(shí),我們一定要加倍小心。我們不能辨別真?zhèn)?,我們就?huì)成為一些廣告商的目標(biāo)。另一方面,如果我們學(xué)會(huì)分析廣告,我們就會(huì)保護(hù)我們自己不受假廣告的影響并且做出合理的選擇。 銷售語言 話語不值錢,但是在廣告的世界里,適時(shí)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑捳Z可以賺幾百萬。用于廣告的語言和普通的語言是不同的。為了給他們所促銷的產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)造一個(gè)積極有影響的形象,廣告的設(shè)計(jì)者在選擇語言與商標(biāo)時(shí)是十分小心的。一個(gè)好的廣告通常是用人們所相信的語言。 當(dāng)然選擇產(chǎn)品的名稱是極其重要的。公司或產(chǎn)品的名稱具有不同的作用。它們能告訴消費(fèi)者它們的產(chǎn)品或公司的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。如果一個(gè)公司選擇一個(gè)滑稽的或不平常的名字,那么顧客就很容易記住它。有的公司選擇一些廣為人知的詞語,有一些選擇一些來自古老的故事或傳說的名字,也有一些公司為自己的產(chǎn)品或商標(biāo)創(chuàng)造新的名詞。 如果一件產(chǎn)品用標(biāo)語促銷的話,那么它的銷售情況會(huì)更好。其中有一個(gè)最出名和成功的標(biāo)語是“盡管做”當(dāng)然類似的還很多。例如,“新一代的最佳選擇”“可口可樂“。一個(gè)好的宣傳詞應(yīng)該吸引人,容易記住并且能傳送信息或意見,從而使顧客對(duì)公司或產(chǎn)品形成一個(gè)明確的輪廓。 人們讀廣告,部分因是為了獲得信息,還有部分原因是廣告讀起來有趣味。今天的廣告常常以一個(gè)問句或—個(gè)謎語開頭,目的是引起讀者的注意。當(dāng)然,多數(shù)廣告都含有信息,但這通常包含在一篇有趣而又滑稽可笑的廣告詞中。幽默是重要的。有時(shí)候廣告講述一個(gè)故事,這個(gè)故事也可能在好幾次廣告中連載。然而,這樣做有個(gè)危險(xiǎn)。讀者或觀眾可能記住了廣告,卻沒有記住產(chǎn)品的名字。還有一些其它的危險(xiǎn)。如果你在國外市場(chǎng)銷售你的產(chǎn)品,你就必須檢查譯文是否正確無誤。以前有一家銷售發(fā)乳的公司想要說“X使干發(fā)生輝”(Xputslifeintodryhair)。他們給一位英俊的演員拍了幾幅照片,把廣告張貼在路旁的巨大的廣告牌上。然而,誰也不來買這個(gè)產(chǎn)品,因?yàn)樵浣?jīng)過翻譯之后,意思變成了“X使干發(fā)生蟲”(Xputslivingthingsintodryhair.)。 在60年代,有一家制造豪華小汽車的英國公司,在德國馬上就要銷售最新型的小汽車了。然而,到最后一分鐘,公司不得不更改汽車的名稱。工廠里一個(gè)說德語的人給銷售經(jīng)理指出:那個(gè)汽車的英語名稱在德語中的意思是“牲口的糞便”。 最有力的廣告詞是涉及到銷售價(jià)格的語言。有些商場(chǎng)就向我們?cè)S諾打折過的商品或他們有“便宜貨”和他們是“最低的價(jià)格”。有時(shí),他們的許諾并無真正意義。當(dāng)我們收到“贈(zèng)品”或意外好處時(shí),我們應(yīng)該慎重考慮。當(dāng)然有時(shí)盡管我們并不真正要買那些“待銷品”,但那些簡(jiǎn)單而具有魔力的語言似乎把我們拖進(jìn)了商店。 相關(guān)閱讀 Unit5GettingthemessageI.單元教學(xué)目標(biāo) 技能目標(biāo)SkillGoals ▲Talkaboutadvertisingandadvertisements ▲Practisemakingcomplaintsandexpressingemotions ▲Practiseexpressingandevaluatingdifferentviews ▲ReviewtheObjectComplement ▲Writeanadvertisement II.目標(biāo)語言 功能句式 Makingcomplaintsandexpressingemotions He’stoblame.That’slovely/great/wonderful! Whatdoyoumeanbydoingso? Doesthatsurpriseyou? Heshouldn’thavedoneit. Issomethingworryingyou? Sheblamedhimforcominghomelate. It’s(quite)allright. Howcouldyoucheatyourteacher? I’mpleasedwithyourspokenEnglish. Whydidn’tyoutellmethetruth? IwishIhadnevergivenitup. 詞匯 1.四會(huì)詞匯 convey,advertise,advertiser,brand,consideration,charge,loss,blame,broadcast,post,react,annoy,annoying,accuse,associate,appeal,frequent,figure,salesman,saleswoman,profit,campaign,policy,spokesman,spokeswoman,illegal,target,nowadays,nephew,waitress,hostess,attach,discount,bonus 2.認(rèn)讀詞匯 mislead,misleading,critic,Ronaldo,TetsuyaKomuro,bait,bullet,nutritional,heroine,goddess,promotion,legend,slogan,catchy,context 3.重點(diǎn)詞組 take...intoconsideration,incharge(of),handinhand,getacross,appealto,keepaneyeoutforsb./sth.,pointout,makesense 4.重點(diǎn)詞匯 advertise,charge,blame,react,accuse,figure,profit,attach,discount 語法 ReviewtheObjectComplement 1.Somepeoplefindadvertisementsusefulandentertaining. 2.AsmyneighborMr.Whiteisatroublemaker,Ihavetokeepmyselfawayfromhim. 3.TheConsumers’Clubadvisesustomakeinformedchoicesbyreadingadscarefully. 4.Companieshopetoseeadsinfluencethebehaviorofcustomers. 5.Companiesspendalargeamountofmoneyemployingadvertisers. 6.TheUNemploysfamouspeopletomakeitsprogrammesknowntothepublic. 7.TheyappointedhimheadoftheBiologyDepartment. 8.Wefoundtheroomdecoratedwithframedadsonthewalls. 重點(diǎn)句子 1.Youthinkthenewspaperistoblameforthisbecause...P39 2....hasgonehandinhandwiththedevelopmentofadvertising.P40 3.Customersseesomanyadseverydaythatadvertisersmust...togettheirmessageacross.P40 4.Thebestchancetoreachcustomersistoappealtotheiremotions.P40 5.Ithasbeenprovenagainandagainthat...P40 6.Firstofall,weshouldalwayskeepaneyeoutfor“hiddeninformation”.P41III.教材分析和教材重組1.教材分析 本單元的主題是“advertisingandadvertisements”,功能項(xiàng)目是“表示抱怨”、“表達(dá)喜怒哀樂”以及“表達(dá)、評(píng)價(jià)不同觀點(diǎn)”,寫作要點(diǎn)是嘗試寫一則廣告。通過本單元的學(xué)習(xí),要讓學(xué)生了解廣告的語言特點(diǎn)、廣告的藝術(shù)以及消費(fèi)者應(yīng)對(duì)廣告所持的理性態(tài)度。教師要借助聽說、討論、閱讀、寫作等一系列行之有效的教學(xué)活動(dòng),進(jìn)一步激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,積極參與到課堂實(shí)踐中,切實(shí)提升其綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力,讓他們意識(shí)到現(xiàn)代社會(huì)廣告無處不在,廣告是生活中不可或缺的一部分。理性地、科學(xué)地對(duì)待廣告不僅有助于提高個(gè)人素養(yǎng),增添生活的樂趣,還有益于整個(gè)社會(huì)素質(zhì)的提高,營造一個(gè)誠信、發(fā)展、科學(xué)、和諧的社會(huì)。 1.1WARMINGUP提供三幅精美圖片和相關(guān)廣告信息,本部分可以作為下文“說”的鋪墊,讓學(xué)生分組討論這些圖片,喚起對(duì)“廣告”這一主題的熱忱和興趣,使其有話可說,無話不說。 1.2LISTENING有兩大任務(wù),一是根據(jù)特定的主題(選購電腦),組織學(xué)生討論或思考,為進(jìn)一步的“聽”作鋪墊;二是聽錄音,培養(yǎng)從聽力材料中獲取信息,并進(jìn)行深入分析、推斷、加工的能力。 1.3SPEAKING要求把全班分成四個(gè)小組,每一組選擇不同的身份和主題,結(jié)合本人的生活體驗(yàn),表示抱怨、喜怒哀樂等。作為報(bào)紙編輯,則應(yīng)從全局出發(fā),運(yùn)用表示和評(píng)價(jià)不同觀點(diǎn)的句型或結(jié)構(gòu)。這種開放式討論有助于引導(dǎo)學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識(shí)合作學(xué)習(xí),指導(dǎo)他們?nèi)娴?、辨證地看待問題。 1.4PRE-READING是READING的熱身活動(dòng)。要求學(xué)生以廣告為話題展開討論,初步了解廣告的利與弊,為進(jìn)一步的閱讀作好鋪墊。再引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過比較閱讀檢驗(yàn)自己的判斷,這有助于潛移默化地培養(yǎng)學(xué)生閱讀能力、分析能力。 1.5READING采用“主題句”的寫作手法,先引出每段的主題,然后提出問題、分析問題、解決問題。教師要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生充分利用“主題句”這一有效的寫作技巧,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生把握文章主旨,了解作者的寫作意圖,并深入地培養(yǎng)他們猜測(cè)詞義、理解語句、歸納大意、理智地應(yīng)對(duì)廣告等能力。 1.6POST-READING從回答問題到展開討論,由低到高、由易到難,循序漸進(jìn),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生把握教材,體驗(yàn)廣告的魅力并發(fā)揮想象,活化語言,從而達(dá)到綜合運(yùn)用英語進(jìn)行交際的目的。 1.7LANGUAGESTUDY“詞匯學(xué)習(xí)”部分旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生根據(jù)語境猜測(cè)生詞并正確運(yùn)用所學(xué)詞匯的能力。其核心是把詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)和真實(shí)的語境巧妙結(jié)合起來,逐步拓展學(xué)生的詞匯量?!巴秸Z法”部分則設(shè)計(jì)了不同類型的賓語補(bǔ)足語練習(xí)題,旨在訓(xùn)練學(xué)生準(zhǔn)確理解賓語補(bǔ)足語并靈活運(yùn)用的能力。 1.8INTEGRATINGSKILLS閱讀部分是READING部分話題的延續(xù)和拓展,指導(dǎo)學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性地寫一則廣告。相對(duì)起來,寫作任務(wù)更富有挑戰(zhàn)性,不但要求學(xué)生大膽想象,還要求學(xué)生的習(xí)作技巧性和創(chuàng)造性兼?zhèn)洹?p>1.9Tips指導(dǎo)學(xué)生如何運(yùn)用聲音、圖像和動(dòng)作多途徑提高詞匯記憶效果。 1.10Checkpoint部分簡(jiǎn)要地總結(jié)本單元語法重點(diǎn),并引導(dǎo)學(xué)生總結(jié)與本單元話題密切相關(guān)的詞匯。2.教材重組 2.1從話題內(nèi)容上分析,WARMINGUP與SPEAKING相一致;而從訓(xùn)練目的上分析與TALKING比較一致。從教材份量來說,可將WARMINGUP,SPEAKING和Workbook中的TALKING整合在一起,設(shè)計(jì)成一節(jié)任務(wù)型“口語課”。 2.2將LISTENING和Workbook中的LISTENING整合在一起,設(shè)計(jì)成一節(jié)任務(wù)型“聽力課”。 2.3可將PRE-READING,READING和POST-READING三個(gè)教學(xué)活動(dòng)整合在一起上一節(jié)任務(wù)型“閱讀課(一)”。 2.4可將LANGUAGESTUDY與Workbook中的PRACTISING語法練習(xí)題整合在一起上一節(jié)任務(wù)型“語法課”。 2.5可將INTEGRATINGSKILLS中Reading和Workbook中INTEGRATINGSKILLS的Reading整合起來上一節(jié)任務(wù)型“閱讀課(二)(泛讀課)”。 2.6將INTEGRATINGSKILLS中的Writing和Workbook中INTEGRATINGSKILLS的Writing整合成一節(jié)任務(wù)型“寫作課”。3.課型設(shè)計(jì)與課時(shí)分配(經(jīng)教材分析,根據(jù)學(xué)情,本單元可以用六課時(shí)教完) 1stPeriodSpeaking 2ndPeriodListening 3rdPeriodReading 4thPeriodLanguagestudy 5thPeriodExtensivereading 6thPeriodWritingⅣ.分課時(shí)教案 TheFirstPeriodSpeaking Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1.Targetlanguage目標(biāo)語言 a.重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語 convey,advertise,advertiser,charge,loss,blame b.交際用語 Makingcomplaintsandexpressingemotions He’stoblame. That’slovely/great/wonderful! Whatdoyoumeanbydoingso? Doesthatsurpriseyou? Heshouldn’thavedoneit. Issomethingworryingyou? Sheblamedhimforcominghomelate. It’s(quite)allright. Howcouldyoucheatyourteacher? I’mpleasedwithyourspokenEnglish. Whydidn’tyoutellmethetruth? IwishIhadnevergivenitup. 2.Abilitygoals能力目標(biāo) Enablethestudentstomakecomplaintsandexpressemotions. Enablethestudentstoexpressandevaluatedifferentviewsonadvertisingandadvertisements. 3.Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標(biāo) Helpthestudentslearnhowtomakecomplaints,expressemotionsandevaluateviews. Teachingimportantpoints教學(xué)重點(diǎn) Howtogetthestudentstomakecommentsonadvertisingandadvertisements. Teachingdifficultpoints教學(xué)難點(diǎn) Howtoencouragethestudentstoexpressthemselvesonadvertisingandadvertisements. Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法 1.Free-talkingmethod; 2.Task-basedapproach. Teachingaids教具準(zhǔn)備 Acomputerandsomerelatedpictures. Teachingproceduresways教學(xué)過程與方式StepIlead-in T:Boysandgirls,firstlet’slookattwobeautifulpicturesandtellmewhatdoyouthinkofthem. Sa:Thefirstoneisanad.Itisaboutafamousdigitalcamera.ThebrandnameisPanasonic. Sb:ThesecondisanadforDietPepsi. Sc:Theyarewonderfuladswithbrandnames,photosandslogans. T:Good.Wearelivinginaworldofads.What’syouropiniononads?Doyoufindthemannoyingorfascinating?Todaylet’stalkaboutadvertisingandadvertisements.StepIIWarmingup Thisstepistoarousethestudents’interestinadvertisingandadvertisementsandgetthemtothinkandtalkfreely. T:Now,class.PleaselookatthethreepicturesonP37carefullyandtrytofillinthefollowingchartwithproperinformation.Items Ad1 Ad2 Ad3 Whataretheytryingtopersuadeyoutobuy?Howaretheytryingtodoso?Whatisthemessageofeachad?Howistheinformationconveyed?Whatkindofinformationabouttheproductisgivenineachad?Suggestedanswer: Items Ad1 Ad2 Ad3 Whataretheytryingtopersuadeyoutobuy? Advancedelectronicproducts Shampoo Softdrinks Howaretheytryingtodoso? Byusingabstractdesign,sloganandpictures Byusingwonderfulpictures,sloganandrealisticproducts Byusingwonderfulpictures,sloganandproducts Whatisthemessageofeachad? Theproductisofhighqualityandithelpscustomerstosucceed. Trueshampoocancreatebeauty,bringhappinessandlovetocustomers. Zhakesoftdrinkshelpathletestorefreshthemselves. Howistheinformationconveyed? Pictures+slogan+spokeswoman Products+slogan+pictures Pictures+slogan+products Whatkindofinformationabouttheproductisgivenineachad? Brandnamepromotion Productsales BrandnamepromotionandsalesWordsrelatedtoadvertisingandadvertisements T:Whatkindofwordsdoyouthinkyouwouldneedtotalkaboutadvertisingandadvertisements? Help: 1.Dividethewholeclassintofourormoregroups. 2.Thestudentscanchoosethegroupwhosetopicintereststhemmost. 3.Eachgrouptriestothinkofmorewordsabouttherelatedtopic. 4.Onememberfromeachgroupiscalledontoreporttheirwork. Afterseveralminutes. T:Nowit’stimetoreportyourwork.Volunteer! Sa:Therearemanyrelatedverbsconcerningthistopic:advertise,broadcast,post,mislead,promote,appealto,entertain,increase,decrease... Sb:Herearesomerelatednounsconcerningthistopic:ad,advertising,advertisement,advertiser,customer,slogan,designer,text,writer,brand,spokesman,spokeswoman,salesman,saleswoman,sales,choices,profit,principle,function,influence,shop,store,supermarket... Sc:Herearesomerelatedadjectivesconcerningthistopic:entertaining,annoying,misleading,expensive,cheap,interesting,humorous,argumentative,persuasive,informative,truthful,false... Sd:Mediacontainingadvertisingandadsarenewspapers,TV,radios,theInternet,poster,balloon,buses... Se:Therearemanyworld-famousbrandnames.Herearesomeexamples:CocoCola,Panasonic,Lenovo,Haier,Nike,Nestle,Rossini,IBM,Philips,Pioneer,HP,TCL,Ford,NEC... T:Welldone.I’mgladyouknowsomuchaboutad.Doyoulikeadvertisements?DoyoufinditannoyingwhenyouwatchTVandseesomanyadsonshoworyoujustfindthementertaining?Listyourreasonsforlikesanddislikes. Help: 1.Dividethestudentsintosixoreightgroups. 2.Individualwork.Eachstudenthastochoosehisorheropinionandoffermoreideasconcerningthetopic. 3.Groupwork.Eachmemberlistshisorheropinionandreasons. 4.Classwork.Groupleaderdisplaystheirworkbyreferringtotheusefulexpressions. Afterseveralminutes. T:OK,timeforyoutoreportyourwork. Possibleanswers: Reasonsforlikes Reasonsfordislikes 1.Adscandirectourchoicesofgoods. 2.Adstellthelatestinformationaboutvariousgoods. 3.Adshelpconsumerstomakeabetterchoice. 4.Well-doneadsarekindofartworks. 5.Adscutdownthecosts,makingthepaperscheaper... 1.Adsdon’ttellrealthings. 2.Adsmaketheusersbuywhattheyshouldn’tbuy. 3.Adscovermuchspace,andwastealotofpaper. 4.AdstakeuptoomuchtimeonTV. 5.Toomanyadswillmakepeoplebored... StepIIISpeaking Thispartismeanttosupplythestudentswithrealisticsituationssothattheycanhavemorechancestopractisethefunctionalitems—makingcomplaints,expressingemotionsandevaluatingdifferentviews. T:Wearegoingtohavearole-play.Tobespecific,wearegoingtoholdameetingbetweenreadersandthenewspapereditor.Fourreaderscomplainabouttheadvertisementsofalocalnewspaperandtheeditorinchargeofthenewspaper’sadvertisementssectiontriestorespondtoreaders’complaintsandsolvetheproblems.Areyouclear? Help: 1.Dividethestudentsintofourgroups. 2.Individualwork.Eachstudenthastooffermoreideasconcerningthetopic. 3.Groupwork.Eachmemberstateshisorheropinionandreasons. 4.Classwork.Groupleaderreportstheirworkbystatingdifferentviews. Afterseveralminutes. T:Nowyou’vewarmlydiscussedthistopic.I’dlikethegroupleaderstoreportyourwork. Sa:I’mangryaboutyouradsforweightlossproducts.TheadssaythatIwillloseweightifIusetheproducts.ButwhenItriedthem,Ididn’tloseweightatall.InsteadI’mputtingonweight.I’malsosufferingfromsleeplessness.Yournewspapershouldberesponsibleforthis. Sb:I’mveryupsetbecauseIhavejustlostalotofmoneyafteransweringanadinyournewspaper.Theadwasfulloflies.Ithinkthenewspaperisresponsibleandshouldhelpmegetmymoneybackbecauseyournewspapershouldmakeitnecessarytocheckwhattheadssayistrueornot.It’sclearthatyoufailedtodothis,leastinthisad.Pleaserepaymeassoonaspossible. Sc:Theadsinthenewspapersometimesshowwomenwhoareyoung,beautifulandstupid.Thisisbadbecausenotallwomenlikethis.Theseadsgivereadersafalseimpressionandhintthatuglywomenareunpopularandthatifyou’reyoungandbeautiful,youcan’tbeverysmart.That’sunfair. Sd:I’maschoolnurse.Manyofourstudentseattoomuchjunkfood.Ithinkthenewspaperistoblameforthisbecausetherearemanysuchadsaboutjunkfoodinyournewspaper.Obviously,youonlyconsiderhowmuchmoneyyoucanearnbyreleasingads,withoutthinkingaboutreaders’interests.Junkfooddoesmoreharmthangoodtoourhealth.Itisatragedy. Se:Dearreaders,thankyouforyourcareandyourvaluableadvicetoournewspaper.Ithinktheadsarenecessarybecausetheycanalsobeenjoyedandappreciatedifwelldesigned.Beside,theadscanhelptoreduceourcostsofthenewspapersothatthepriceislowerandreaderscanreadsomethingmoreinterestingandworthwhile.Astoyourcomplaints,Ithinkournewspaperwilldevotemoretimetocheckingthecontentsofads,tryingtoprovidereaderswithmorescientific,interestingandentertainingads.Thankyou. StepIVTalking(WorkbookonP178) Thispartshouldbeafreetalkconcerningthetopic.Thestudentsshouldbeencouragedtothinkcreativelyandexpresstheirownopinionsfreely. Designadvertisements Help: 1.Thewholeclassisdividedintoeightgroups. 2.Thestudentscanchoosethegroupwhosetopicinterestshimorhermost. 3.Twostudentsdesignthead,twothinkupanidea,twolookforpicturesandtwodrawthepicture. 4.Onememberfromeachgroupiscalledontoreporttheirwork. T:Nowtimeisup.Ithinkyoumusthavehadalotofnewcreativeideastosharewithus.Whichgroupwouldliketotryfirst? Sa:Letmetry.We’dliketoadvertiseanewdrugusedfortreatingmyopia.It’sakindofmagicmedicine.Iftakenproperly,thedrugwilltakeeffect.Inabouttwoweeksastudentwillnolongersufferfrombeingnear-sighted.We’dliketoemploythreestudentstopromotethedrugandadvertiseitinnewspapers,ontheradioandlocalTV.Thewholeprojectwillcostabout2000Yuan. Sb:We’dliketoadvertiseanewtypeofcellphone.Wecantalkonthephone,sendmessagesandpictures,takephotosandsurfontheInternet.Wecanalsostorealotofusefulpersonalinformation.Asitisveryfashionable,wearegoingtoemploysportsstarLiuXiang,whotellshisparentsabouthiswinninggoldmedalandsendspicturesatthesametime.Thewholeprojectaddsupto3,500Yuan. Sc:WeshouldliketoadvertiseanewelectronicEnglishDictionary.Ifwewanttolookupaword,enterthewordimmediately,wecanfindthepronunciation,EnglishandChineseexplanation,setphrases,examplesandsoon.We’llemployaseniorstudenttoworkforus.Ithinkitwillbeworthwhile.Theadwillcost1000Yuan. ... StepVHomework 1.Consolidation T:LastSundayyouboughtaMP3playerinthelocalsupermarketaccordingtothead.Butsoonyoufoundtherewassomethingwrongwithit.Sopleasewritetothemanager,explainyourcomplaintsandaskforyourmoneyback. 2.Previewthenewlesson. T:PleasepreviewListeningafterclass. 俗話說,凡事預(yù)則立,不預(yù)則廢。作為教師就要好好準(zhǔn)備好一份教案課件。教案可以讓學(xué)生們能夠在上課時(shí)充分理解所教內(nèi)容,幫助教師在教學(xué)期間更好的掌握節(jié)奏。教案的內(nèi)容要寫些什么更好呢?為滿足您的需求,小編特地編輯了“Unit5Gettingthemessage(Reading:advertising)”,僅供參考,大家一起來看看吧。 Period1NewwordsandexpressionsTeachingaimsanddemands: 一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)時(shí)都會(huì)提前最好準(zhǔn)備,作為教師就要在上課前做好適合自己的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠在教學(xué)期間跟著互動(dòng)起來,有效的提高課堂的教學(xué)效率。那么一篇好的教案要怎么才能寫好呢?下面是小編為大家整理的“Education復(fù)習(xí)”,歡迎大家與身邊的朋友分享吧! 整體感知 單元要點(diǎn) Wordstudy 1load2workload3strict 4compulsory5commitment 6sceptical7tendency8absent 9unwilling10expand11distribute 12corporation13donate 14curriculum15ministry 16worldwide17profession 18alongside19advocate 20housewife21obtain 22evident23recorder 24anecdote25select26suit 27restriction28schedule 29presentation30analyse 31measurement 1.負(fù)荷2.工作負(fù)擔(dān)3.嚴(yán)厲的4、有責(zé)任的5、承諾 6、常懷疑的7、傾向, 8、缺席的9、不愿意的 10、擴(kuò)大,11、分布 12、公司13、捐贈(zèng), 14、(全部的)課程 15、(政府的)部 16、遍及全世界的17、職業(yè)18、在…旁邊19、提倡 20、家庭主婦21、獲得 22、明顯的23、記錄者 24、軼事25、選擇 26、適合于27、限制 28、進(jìn)度表29、描述, 30、分析31、衡量,測(cè)量 usefulexpressions 1bestrictwith/in2beginwith 3dropout(of) 4beunwillingtodo5resultin 1、對(duì)…要求嚴(yán)格2、首先, 3、活動(dòng),競(jìng)賽中退出,退學(xué) 4、不愿意做…5、產(chǎn)生某種作用或結(jié)果 SentencepatternsandcommunicativeEnglish 1.Itbereportedthat從句 2.…thecustomistoeducateboysratherthangirls. 3.…thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolsissolowthatstudentsof… TopicandWriting 1Totalkaboutstudymethodsandlearningstyles 2Towriteareportanalyzingthewayyoulearn 背景知識(shí) keyschool Thedesignation“keyschool”existsforselectedschoolsateverylevel:elementary,secondary,andhigher.Inaddition,therearevariouslevelsofthe“key”designationitself:Therearenationalkeyinstitutions;provincialormunicipalkeyinstitutions,andcountyordistrictkeyinstitutions.Keyschoolsallenjoypriorityfundingaswellastheprivilegeofrecruitingthebeststudents.Attheelementaryandsecondarylevels,thisconceptissimilartothatofa“magnet”or“collegepreparatory”schoolintheUnitedStates.Entryintosuchschoolsisbasedonexaminationandacademicpromiseandachievement.Forsuchschools,successusuallyismeasuredintermsofthepercentageofitsgraduatesenteringcollegesanduniversities----especiallythekeycollegesanduniversitiespriorityintheallocationoflimitedresources,thetrainingoftop-levelmanpowerforChina’sreconstructioncanbecarriedoutmoreefficiently. 細(xì)說教材 warmingup Allthepeopleinthepicturesarefamouseducators 畫面里所有的人都是著名的教育家 [點(diǎn)拔]:educatorn.教育者,教育家 educatevt.教育 educationn.教育 educationaladj.有教育意義的,教育的,有關(guān)教育的 短語:educatesb.In/onsth.對(duì)人某人進(jìn)行…教育 educatesb.todosth.教育某人做某事 e.g.:ShewaseducatedintheU.S.她是在美國受的教育 e.g.:Childrenneedtobeeducatedonthedangersofdrug-taking.有必要對(duì)兒童進(jìn)行吸毒有害的教育 e.g.:aBritish-educatedlawyer.受英國教育的律師。 …andthenreporttotheclass …然后向全班同學(xué)匯報(bào) [點(diǎn)拔]:1.report動(dòng)詞,“匯報(bào)”:有以下搭配結(jié)構(gòu) report(on)sthtosb/doingtosb向某人報(bào)告某事 bereportedtodo(接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí),只用于被動(dòng)語態(tài))“報(bào)告說…” e.g.:Thecommitteewillreportonitsresearchnextmonth.委員會(huì)下個(gè)月將匯報(bào)他們的研究情況。 e.g.:Theneighourreportedseeinghimleavethebuildingaroundroom.鄰居們反映說在中午時(shí)分看見他離開了大樓。 e.g.:Thehousewasreportedtobeinexcellentcondition報(bào)告說明這房子的狀況極佳。 2:reportvt.“報(bào)道,公布,發(fā)表,宣布”(事件,消息等) 注意句型結(jié)構(gòu):Itbereportedthat從句 相當(dāng)于名型:主語+bereportedtodo句型。 e.g.:Itwasreportedthatseveralpeoplehadbeenarrested. 轉(zhuǎn)換為:Severalpeoplewerereportedtohavebearrested. 據(jù)報(bào)道已有數(shù)人被捕。 report(on)sth“報(bào)道…” e.g.:ShereportsonnewsfortheBBC. 她為英國廣播公司做新聞報(bào)道。 3:reportn.“報(bào)道”,“匯報(bào)”常與介詞on搭配。 e.g.:Arethesenewreportstrue?報(bào)紙上這些報(bào)道屬實(shí)嗎? e.g.:aweatherreport天氣預(yù)報(bào) e.g.:Canyougiveusaprogressreport?你能給我們提供進(jìn)度報(bào)告嗎? Listening: Compareyournoteswithyourpartners. 與你的同佯交換你的看法 [點(diǎn)拔]:comparevt.“比較” comparisonn.“比較” 注意短語: compareAand/withB“比較A和B”“把A和B比較” compareAtoB“把A比作B” compareto/with…“和…相比” e.g.:Wecarefullycomparedthefirstreportwiththesecond.我們仔細(xì)比較了第一份報(bào)告和第二份報(bào)告。 e.g.:Peoplealwayscompareteacherstoredcandles人們總是把把教師比作紅蠟。 e.g.:Myownproblemsseemnothingcomparedwith/tootherpeople’s.與別人的問題相比,我自己的問題算不得什么。 [點(diǎn)拔] comparenoteswithsb與某人交換看法或意見等 makeanoteof makenotesof請(qǐng)記錄下… takeanotes/notesof記筆記… 注意以上短評(píng)意義上的區(qū)別。 Speaking aheavyworkload沉重的工作負(fù)擔(dān) [點(diǎn)拔]:1.loadn.“負(fù)擔(dān),負(fù)載”e.g.:suchaheavyworkload.如此沉重的工作負(fù)擔(dān) 2.loadn.“擔(dān)子,貨物” 短語:aloadof=loadsof接可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞,“大量”,“許多”之意。 e.g.:Shehasgotloadsoffriends. Shehasgotaloadoffriends. 她有許多朋友。 e.g.:Thereisloadsofworktodotoday. 今天有好多工作要做。 3.loadvt.譯為“裝載” 常見短語: load…withsth相當(dāng)于loadsthonto/into漢語意思是:“把某物裝到…上” e.g.:Wearestillloading.我們?nèi)栽谘b貨。 e.g.:Menwereloadingupatruckwithwood.. 轉(zhuǎn)換為Menwereloadingupwoodontoatruck. 工人正在把木材裝到卡車上。(工人們?cè)诳ㄜ嚴(yán)镅b了木材。) e.g.:Sheloadedfilmintothecamera. 轉(zhuǎn)換為Sheloadedthecamerawithfilm. 他把膠卷裝到了相機(jī)里。(他在相機(jī)里裝了膠卷) [點(diǎn)拔] 區(qū)別burden:“重負(fù)”,多指心理思想上壓力。 load:“負(fù)荷”“擔(dān)子”,多指物體、事物。 e.g.:bearaheavyburden.忍受學(xué)生的心理壓力。 Hisagedfartherisbecomingaburdentohim 他年邁的爸爸正成為他的負(fù)擔(dān)。 tobestrictwith對(duì)…嚴(yán)格要求 [點(diǎn)拔]:1、strictadj.“嚴(yán)格的”,“嚴(yán)厲的”,注意短語 bestrictwithsb.對(duì)…要求嚴(yán)格(人)。 bestrictinsth.對(duì)…要求嚴(yán)格(事/物)。 e.g.:astrictruleagainstsmoking禁止吸煙的嚴(yán)格制度。 e.g.:Theteacherisstrictwithusandstrictinhisworkaswell. 老師對(duì)我們要求很嚴(yán)格,對(duì)他的工作也很嚴(yán)格。 2、strictadj.精確的,嚴(yán)密的。 Pleasegiveastrictunderstanding.請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)準(zhǔn)確的理解。 3、strictlyadv.嚴(yán)格地,固定習(xí)語Strictlyspeaking. 意為:“準(zhǔn)確地說”,“嚴(yán)格地講”。 e.g.:Strictlyspeaking,heisnotqualifiedthejob. 準(zhǔn)確地說,他不是具備從事這工作的資格。 Reading …everyChinesechildwouldhavenineyearsofcompulsoryeducation. 每一位中國兒童必須接受九年義務(wù)教育。 [點(diǎn)拔]:compulsoryadj.“義務(wù)的,有責(zé)任的”,“必須做的”。 e.g.:Ismilitaryservicecompulsoryinyourcountry? 你們國家實(shí)行義務(wù)兵役制度嗎? e.g.:IsEnglishacompulsorysubject?英語是必修科目的? …thatthefuturewelfareoftheircitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation.…公民的未來幸福與教育是緊密相關(guān)的。 [點(diǎn)拔]:1、closelyadv.“密切地”,“仔細(xì)地”,“緊緊地” closelyadv.,與距離無關(guān),指抽含意的關(guān)系近地。 Close也可作副詞,意思是“near,notfaraway” 為“接近,靠近”之意,指距離近地。 e.g.:Theysatclosetogether.他們緊挨著做在一起。 e.g.:Icouldn’tgetcloseenoughtosee.我無法靠得很近去看清楚。 e.g.:Isatandwatchedeveryoneveryclosely. 我坐著仔細(xì)觀察每一個(gè)人。 e.g.:Thetwoeventsarecloselyconnected. 兩件事件之間有密切的關(guān)系。 [點(diǎn)拔]:link聯(lián)系。 1、linkn.名詞:“聯(lián)系,連接”,“關(guān)系,紐帶”,常見短語 linkbetweenAandB連接A和B/A和B之間的聯(lián)系。 linkwithsth.與…聯(lián)系。 e.g.:Policesuspecttheremaybealinkbetweenthetwomurders. 警方懷疑那兩樁兇殺案可能有關(guān)聯(lián)。 e.g.:WewillkeeptradelinkswithAsia. 我們將保持與亞洲的貿(mào)易關(guān)系。 2、linkv.動(dòng)詞,常見短語搭配 linkAto/withB(或linkAandB)把A和B連接起來。 e.g.:TheChannelTunnellinksBritainwiththerestofEurope. 英吉利海峽隧道把英國和歐洲其他國家連接起來了。 e.g.:Detectivehavelinedthebreak-intoasimilarcrimeinthearealastyear. 偵探以為這起入室盜竊案與去年此地區(qū)一類似案件有關(guān)。 …madeacommitmenttoprovide……作出一項(xiàng)承諾提供… [點(diǎn)拔]1.makeacommitmenttosb.todo“做出承諾”,相當(dāng)于makeapromise. Commitment是名詞,意為“承擔(dān)”,“保證”。 e.g.:I’moverworkedatthemoment.──I’vetakenontoomanycommitments. 我目前勞累過度──應(yīng)承的事情太多了。 e.g.:Shedoesn’twanttomakeacommitmenttosteveatthemoment. 她不想在此刻對(duì)史蒂夫作出承諾。 2、commitvt.“承諾”,“保證”,注意短語搭配 tosth. commitsb/yourselftodoing向…承諾做某事。 todo e.g.:ThePresidentiscommittedtoreforminghealthcare. 總統(tǒng)承諾要改革衛(wèi)生保健制度。 e.g.:Bothsidescommittedthemselvestosettletheconflictpeacefully. 雙方承諾和平解決矛盾。 Tobeginwith,itisimportanttocreateapositiveattitude. 首先,重要的是拿出一種積極的態(tài)度。 [點(diǎn)撥]:tobeginwith固定短語,有下列意義: 1.inthefirstplace;firstly.首先,第一 e.g.I’mnotgoing.TobeginwithIhaven’taticket,andsecondlyIdidn’tliketheplay. 我不走。第一我沒有票,第二我不喜歡這出戲。 2.atfirst起初 e.g.Tobeginwithhehadnomoney,butlaterhebecamequiterich. 起初他沒有錢,但是后來他變得很富有。 3.beginwith“從---開始”相當(dāng)于“startwith---” 相反的短語是“endwith---”“以—結(jié)束” e.g.TheEnglishalphabetbeginswith“A”andendswith“Z”. “Alphabet”這個(gè)英語單詞是以“A”開始以“Z”結(jié)束。 Inareaswhereagricultureplaysanimportantrole,peopledonotattachimportancetoeducation,andparentsarescepticalofanythingthattakeschildrenawayfromtheirworkonthefarm. 在一些地方,農(nóng)業(yè)扮演著重要角色。人們認(rèn)為教育對(duì)他們不是那么舉足輕重,父母對(duì)任何讓孩子脫離農(nóng)田勞動(dòng)的事情常表示懷疑。 [點(diǎn)撥]:playarole(in---)相當(dāng)于playapart(in---)“在---中起作用”或者譯為“在---中扮演角色” [點(diǎn)撥]:attachto意思是:“把---固定”“把---附在---上” e.g.Iattachacopyofmynotestothenewspaperforyourinformation. 我在報(bào)紙上附了一份筆記讓你參考。 attachimportance(value,weightetc.)tosth.固定短語意思是“認(rèn)為---有重要性(價(jià)值,分量等)” e.g.Iattachgreatimportancetothisresearch. 我認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究十分重要。 [點(diǎn)撥]:sceptical“懷疑的”注意短語bescepticalof/about意思是“懷疑---”“對(duì)---表示懷疑” e.g.Iamscepticalabouthischancesofwinning. 我懷疑他取勝的可能性。 Thepublicremainscepticalofthisclaims. 公眾對(duì)這一說法仍持懷疑態(tài)度。 Chinaandothercountriesfoundthateveninthecountrysidewhenchildrendostartschool,theyhaveatendencyoftentobeabsentanddropoutlater. 中國和其它國家發(fā)現(xiàn),尤其在農(nóng)村,孩子確實(shí)去上學(xué)了,而他們又經(jīng)常逃學(xué),繼而輟學(xué)這一傾向。 [點(diǎn)撥]:dostartschool短句中,do是助動(dòng)詞,表示強(qiáng)調(diào),無任何意義,要重讀。 e.g.Shedidknowthetruthofthetheft. 她的確知道盜竊案的真相。 Shedosegototheparktofeedtheduckseveryday. 她確實(shí)每天下午到公園去喂鴨子。 [點(diǎn)撥]:tendency名詞“傾向”“趨勢(shì)” tend動(dòng)詞“傾向”“趨勢(shì)” tend動(dòng)詞“照料、看護(hù)” e.g.Pricescontinuetoshowanupwardtendency. 物價(jià)繼續(xù)顯示出向上的趨勢(shì)。 Itendtogotobedearlierduringthewinter. 在冬季我常常早睡覺。 Therearenursestendingtheinjured. 有護(hù)士照料這些傷員。 [點(diǎn)撥]:absent形容詞“不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的”“不存在的”“無” absence名詞 e.g.Heisabsentfromschoolveryoften. 他經(jīng)常曠課。 Lovewastotallyabsentfromhischildhood. 他的童年時(shí)代完全缺少愛。 Intheabsenceofthemanager,I’llbeincharge. 經(jīng)理不在,我來負(fù)責(zé)。 [點(diǎn)撥]:1.dropoutof這一短語的意思是“退出”“輟學(xué)” e.g.Sincehislastdefeat,hehasdroppedoutofpolitics. 自從他上次失敗了,他就退出了政治生活。 ShegotascholarshiptoCombridgebutdroppedoutayearlater. 她獲得了劍橋大學(xué)的學(xué)籍,但是一年后她輟學(xué)了。 2.drop動(dòng)詞“降落、落下”“指人或動(dòng)物筋疲力盡地倒下”“降低、減少” e.g.Thebottledroppedandbroken. 瓶子落下來,摔碎了。 Theclimmerslippedanddroppedtodeath. 登山者滑了下來,摔死了。 Hisvoicedroppedtowhisper. 他的聲音降到了耳語的程度。 3.drop相關(guān)短語 dropinonsb.(=callonsb.)拜訪某人 dropinataplace(=callataplace)訪問/參觀某地 Insomecountriesparentsareparticularlyunwillingtosendtheirdaughterstoschoolbecausethecustomistoeducateboysraterthangirls. 在一些國家,父母尤其不愿把女孩子送到學(xué)校讀書,由于習(xí)慣上重男輕女的緣故吧。 [點(diǎn)撥]:unwilling形容詞“不愿意的”“不情愿的”反義詞是willing 1.willingadj.相當(dāng)于readyoreagertohelp意思是“愿意” e.g.Areyouwillingtoacceptresponsibility? 你愿意承擔(dān)責(zé)任嗎? 2.will助動(dòng)詞,表示對(duì)未來事物的預(yù)料,還可表意愿等; e.g.Youwillbeintimeifyouhurry. 如果你抓緊,你會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到。 Hewillstartschoolsoon,won’the? 他不久就上學(xué)了,是嗎? He’lltakeyouhome---youonlyhavetoask. 他愿意帶你回家,你只要請(qǐng)求一下。 3.will名詞,意思是“意志、意愿” e.g.Sheshowsgreatstrengthofwill. 她顯示出了堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志力。 Wherethereisawill,thereisaway. 有志者,事競(jìng)成。 [點(diǎn)撥]有關(guān)ratherthan的用法: 1.ratherthan可連接兩個(gè)并列成份,表示“---而不是---”ratherthan e.g.Thecolourseemsgreenratherthanblue. 這顏色似乎是綠色而不是藍(lán)色。 Itwaswhathemeatratherthanwhathesaid. 這是他的意愿而不是他的原話。 2.句型woulddo---ratherthando---也可寫成wouldratherdo---thando“寧愿做---而不愿做---” e.g.Hewouldratherlistentoothersthantalkhimself.可換為: Hewouldlistentoothersratherthantalkhimself. 他寧愿聽別人談而不愿自己說。 Hewoulddealwithamanratherthanwithawoman.可換為: Hewouldratherdealwithamanthanwithawoman. 他愿意和男人打交道而不愿意和女人打交道。 3.wouldrather+從句“寧愿某人做某事”,從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式,表示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖?;從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成式,表示希望已過去的事情;若用進(jìn)行式,表示希望正在進(jìn)行的事情。 e.g.Shewouldratherthechildrencalledonherthenextday. 她寧愿孩子們第二天來看望她。 Hewouldratheryouhadledahappylife. 我們寧愿你們已經(jīng)過上了好日子。 China’slargepopulationmeatthattheschoolshadtoexpandtotakeinmanymorestudents. 中國人口眾多,那就意味著學(xué)校不得不擴(kuò)大來接納如此多的學(xué)生。 [點(diǎn)撥]takein接人和接物,其含義不同 1.takesb.in意思是toallowsb.tostayinyourhome譯為:“收留、留宿” e.g.Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin. 他無家可歸,我們便收留了他。 2.takesb.in另一個(gè)含義是tomakesb.believesth.thatisnottrue譯為“欺騙、蒙騙” e.g.Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory. 她的一番花言巧語完全把我騙了。 Don’tbetakeninbyhischarm---he’sruthless. 不要被他迷人的風(fēng)度所蒙蔽,其實(shí)他冷酷無情。 3.takesth.in意思較多,常有“吸入、吞入”“改小、改瘦衣服”“包含、包括”“注意到、看到” e.g.Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills. 魚用鰓呼吸氧氣。 Thisdressneedstobetakeninatthewaist. 這件連衣裙腰身需要改瘦一些。 ThetourtakesinsixEuropeancapitals. 這次旅行包括六個(gè)歐洲國家的首都。 Hetookineverydetailofherappearance. 他仔細(xì)打量了她一番。 [點(diǎn)撥]manymorestudents“更多的學(xué)生”請(qǐng)注意修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用muchmore e.g.Hehasmuchmoreworktodo. 他有更多的工作要作。 ---thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolsissolowthatstudentsof--- ---學(xué)生的數(shù)量是如此之少以至于學(xué)生--- [點(diǎn)撥]so---that---“那樣---以至于---”引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句和結(jié)果狀語從句。 e.g.Hewassoyoungthatyoumustexcusehim. 他是那樣年輕,你必須得原諒他。 Hegotupsoearlythathecouldcatchthefirstbus. 他起得那樣早以便能趕得上第一班車。 sothat“以致”引表目的的從句 e.g.Let’stryandarrangesothatwecangetthereatoneo’clock. 咱們?cè)O(shè)法安排一下,以便我們能在一點(diǎn)鐘到那兒。 在so---that---分開的句型中,為了強(qiáng)調(diào),可將so放在句首,主句倒裝。上面兩句可改為: e.g.Soyoungwashethatyoumustexcusehim. Soearlydidhegetupthathecouldcatchthefirstbus. ---thisresultsinlargeclasssizes. ---這種情況導(dǎo)致了大班上課。 [點(diǎn)撥]resultin“產(chǎn)生---作用/結(jié)果”是固定短語 resultfrom“因---而產(chǎn)生”“導(dǎo)致” asaresultof“因?yàn)椤薄坝捎?--的結(jié)果” asaresult“結(jié)果” e.g.Oureffortsresultedinsuccess. 我們的努力導(dǎo)致了成功。 Thetalksresultedinreducingthenumberofmissiles. 談判導(dǎo)致了導(dǎo)彈數(shù)量的減少。 Thefailureresultedfromhislaziness. 失敗源于他的懶惰。 Inmanydevelopingcountriesthereisnotenoughmoneyavailabletoprovideclassrooms.--- 在許多發(fā)展中國家,國家拿不出足夠的錢為所有的孩子提供教室--- [點(diǎn)撥]developing為現(xiàn)在分詞,作定語修飾countrise adevelopingcountry一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家 adevelopedcountry一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國家 [點(diǎn)撥]providesth.forsb.(或providesb.withsth.) supplysth.to/forsb.(或supplysb.withsth.) offersth.tosb.(或offersb.sth.) 以上三個(gè)詞短語,大意“為---提供物”“把---物提供給人”但要注意offer含有自愿奉獻(xiàn)的意思。 e.g.Iofferhimaaglassofwine. 我敬了他一杯酒。 Weofferedhimthehousefor1000. 我要價(jià)1000鎊賣給他那幢房子。 Weofferedhim1000forthehouse. 我們出價(jià)1000鎊向他買那幢房子。 Theschoolprovidedfoodforthestudents. (或Theschoolprovidedthestudentswithfood.) 這所學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供食物。 Theschoolsuppliesbooksfor/tothechildren. (或Theschoolsuppliesthechildrenwithbooks.) 學(xué)校提供學(xué)生們書籍。 providing和provided還可作連詞使用,意為“如果--”“只要--”相當(dāng)于if條件句。但要根據(jù)句子主語判斷是使用provided還是使用providing。 e.g.Shemaycomewithusprovidedthatshearrivesintime. 如果她及時(shí)到達(dá),她可能會(huì)和我們一起來。 Youmaygooutprovidingyoudoyourhomeworkfirst. 只要你先把作為做好,你就可以出去了。 Theequipschoolssomeofthesegovernmentsrelycompletelyonaidfromothercountries--- 為了裝備學(xué)校設(shè)施,這些國家政府幾乎完全依賴外國。 [點(diǎn)撥]1.rely—relies—relying–--relied--–relied注意動(dòng)詞五式的寫法。 2.relyonsb./sth.todo或relyonsb./sth.doing固定結(jié)構(gòu),意思是“依賴、依靠” (相當(dāng)于bedependenton) e.g.Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork. 現(xiàn)在,我們很大程度上依賴電腦來安排我們的工作。 Theindustryreliesonthepriceremaininghigh. 這一產(chǎn)業(yè)靠的是價(jià)格高漲。 3.relyonsb./sth.todosth.“信任、信賴”相當(dāng)于trustorhavefaithin e.g.Youshouldrelyonyourownjudgment. 你應(yīng)該相信自己的判斷。 Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret. 你可以相信我一定會(huì)為你保守秘密。 ---internationalorganizationssuchastheWorldBankandnon—governmentalorganizations ---國際組織,諸如此類有“世界銀行組織”、“非政府組織”--- [點(diǎn)撥]:non是一個(gè)前綴詞頭,可以放在名詞、形容詞前構(gòu)成一個(gè)反義詞。 e.g.non+n. non-cooperation不合作 non-member非成員 non-smoker不抽煙的人 non-white非白種人 non-confidence不信任 e.g.non+adj. non-existent不存在的 non-human非人類的 non-stop中途不停的 non-smoking非吸煙的 non-nuclear非核子的 CorporationsandprivatecitizensalsodonatemoneythroughtheHopeProject.一些大公司和個(gè)人也通過“希望工程”捐助 e.g.Hedonatedthousandsofpoundstocharity. 他向慈善事業(yè)捐款數(shù)千英鎊。 e.g.AlldonatedbloodistestedforHIVandotherinfections. 所有獻(xiàn)的血都要接受愛滋病病毒和其他傳染病檢查 TheUSAhasfoundthatitisnoteasytomakesurethateverystudent…….美國發(fā)現(xiàn),確保讓每個(gè)學(xué)生受到同樣…… makesure that從句 注意接that從句時(shí),從句常使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而不用一般將來時(shí)。這一短語有兩個(gè)含義,一是“確保,沒法保證”,另一是“查明”、“核實(shí)”、“弄清事實(shí)”。 e.g.Makesure(that)noonefindsoutaboutthis. 絕對(duì)不能讓任何人發(fā)現(xiàn)這件事 e.g.Theyscoredanothergoalandmakesureofvictory. 他們又進(jìn)了一個(gè)球,這就贏定了 e.g.Shelookedaroundtomakesurethatshewasalone. 她往四下里看看,是不是只有她一個(gè)人 ……reachingthetargetof“EducationforAll”willbeahugetask,despitehelpfromtheinternationalcommunity……盡管有國際社會(huì)的援助,要實(shí)現(xiàn)“全民教育”這一目標(biāo)將是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù) e.g.Hervoicewasshakingdespiteallhereffortstocontrolit. 盡管她竭盡全力控制自己,聲音仍然在顫抖 e.g.Despiteapplyingforhundredofjobs,heisstilloutofwork. 盡管他申請(qǐng)了數(shù)百個(gè)工作,但仍然在失業(yè) e.g.Hehadtolaughdespitehimself. 他不想笑,但還是忍不住笑了出來 Integratingskills Inotheraspectsyouhavealotincommon在另一些方面,你們有好多共同點(diǎn) n.“公共用地;公地”、“(學(xué)校等)學(xué)生公共食堂” 注意有關(guān)固定短語的使用: havesthincommonwithsb/sth(想法、興趣等方面)相同/有相同的特征 incommon共有,公有 incommonwithsb與……相同 e.g.JaneandIhavenothingincommon可轉(zhuǎn)換為 IhavenothingincommonwithJane. 我與簡(jiǎn)毫無共同之處 e.g.Thetwocultureshavealotincommon 這兩種文化具有許多相同之處 e.g.Theyholdthepropertyastenantsincommon. 作為共同租賃人,他們共同占用這份房地產(chǎn) Learningstyletheorysuggeststhatdifferentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofobtaininginformation.學(xué)習(xí)方式理論表明不同的人具有獲取信息的不同方法 1.Suggest表示“建議”后面可接以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu) 名詞 Suggest+動(dòng)名詞 從句(從句的謂語動(dòng)詞多由should+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成,也可省略should) Londonfortheirmeeting.他建議在倫敦舉行會(huì)議 e.g.Hesuggested atwenty-daytourofEurope.他建議到歐洲作二十日游 e.g.Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway. 我建議用另種方法做這件事。 e.g.Hesuggestedthatshe(should)comeanotherday. 他建議她改天再來。 注意:現(xiàn)代英語中,suggest作“建議”講時(shí),從句謂語有時(shí)也可能有別的形式。 e.g.YourniecesuggestedImightcallandseeyou. 你的侄女建議我來看你。 2.Suggest“表明、暗示”接從句時(shí),用陳述語氣 e.g.Herpalefacesuggeststhatshehasn’tgotwell. 她蒼白的臉色表明她還沒有痊愈 …andthewaythatthingsaresaid.…和事物表述的方式 [點(diǎn)撥]:thatthingsaresaid是定語從句修飾先行詞way,先行詞way常用that或inwhich作關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句,that/inwhich也可以省略 Theyselectavarietyofactivitiestosuittheirstudentsdifferentlearningstyles他們選取了適合學(xué)生不同學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格的各種活動(dòng) 短語selectsb as+名詞 adj.仔細(xì)挑選的,精選的 selectionn.挑選,選擇,選拔 e.g.Whohasbeenselectedtotakepartintheproject? 挑選誰去參加這個(gè)工程? e.g.Heisselectedastheteamleader. 他被選為隊(duì)長. e.g.I’mdelightedaboutmyselectionasleader 我很高興被選為領(lǐng)導(dǎo) e.g.TheselectedWorksofMaoZedong.《毛澤東選集》 [點(diǎn)撥]: choose對(duì)所選事物事前不了解 區(qū)別pickout事前已知道或了解所選事物,通過辨別挑選出來 select精心挑選最好,最優(yōu)秀的事物 [點(diǎn)撥]:suitvt.“適合于”,指日期、天氣、食物、衣著、色彩等等諸方面 suitableadj.“適合的”besuitablefor fitvt.“適合”只是指尺寸大小合適 fitadj.“適合的” befitfor一是“尺寸大小合適”,另一是“適合工作” e.g.Doestheskirtsuitme?指裙子的顏色、款式、圖案等是否合適 Doestheskirtfitme?指裙子的尺寸大小是否合適 這裙子適合我嗎? 這裙子合我身嗎? e.g.WillThursdaysuityou?星期四合適嗎?(不可用fit) e.g.Aplacesuitableforapicnic.一個(gè)適合野餐的地方(不能用fit) 習(xí)題對(duì)話 Languagepractice 1.①absent:notinaplacebecauseofillnessetc. ②compulsory:thatmustbedonebecauseofalaworarule ③standard:alevelofquality ④curriculum:thesubjectsthatareincludedinacourseofstudyortaughtaschool,college. ⑤distribute:sharesthbetweenanumberofpeople. ⑥tendency:behaveoractinaparticularway;anewcustomthatisstartingtodevelop. ⑦expand:tobecomegreaterinsize,numberorimportance;tomakesthgreaterinsize,numberorimportance ⑧skeptical:havingdoubtsthataclaimorstatementistrueorthatsthwillhappen. ⑨commitment:apromisetodosthortobehaveinaparticularway;apromisetosupportsb/sth ⑩load:sththatisbeingcarriedbyaperson,vehicle,etc. 2.1).compulsory2).continuous3).requirement4).unless5).corporations 6).demanding7).tendency8).comminent9).retires10).curriculum 11).benefit12).outcome13).ministries14).beexpanded 3.①leavebeforetheyfinishdropout. ②increasedgoneup ③hopesandrequirementsexpectations ④notpreparedunwilling ⑤examinedanalyzed ⑥leadtoacquire ⑦incomesandhigherlevelsofcomfortlivingstandard ⑧workedoutcalculated 考題檔案 1.[全國2004.25]Roseneedspecialcaretheycanlivethroughwinter. A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.even 2.[全國2004.26]—Howabouteighto’clockoutsidethecinema? --Thatmefine A.fitsB.meetsC.satisfiesD.suits 3.[上海2003.30]Itisbelievedthatifabookis,itwillsurelythereader. A.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterested C.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest 4.[上海2003.34]Wewereinwhenweleftthatweforgottheairlinetickets. A.arushsoanxiousB.asuchanxiousrush C.soananxiousrushD.suchananxiousrush 5.[上海2003.50]Oneoftheconsequencesofourplanet’sbeingwarmingupis a(n)inthenumberofnaturaldisasters. A.resultB.accountC.reasonD.increase 6.[上海2003.54]Theengineoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweatherthehelplessnessofthecrewatsea. A.addedtoB.resultedfromC.turnedoutD.madeup 7.[北京2002.30]Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,sothestoodtohermother. A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing 8.[上海2002.39]besentbacktoworkthere? A.whodoyousuggestB.whodoyousuggest C.DoyousuggestwhowouldD.Doyousuggestwhomshould 9.[上海2002.50]Canyoumakeasentencetothemeaningofthephrase? A.showoffB.turnoutC.bringoutD.takein 10.[湖北2004.30]Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthelocalmine,shepale. A.gotB.changedC.wentD.appeared 參考答案 1.B2.D3.D4.D注意兩種習(xí)慣表達(dá)法,so+adj.+a(an)+n.或者such+a(an)+n.,故選D。5.D6.A7.A8.A9.CA項(xiàng)為”炫耀”,B項(xiàng)為“結(jié)果是”,C項(xiàng)為“使(意義)明白表示出來”。D項(xiàng)為“吸入”10.C 一課一測(cè) (檢測(cè)自己的能力) A級(jí)(基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練) Ⅰ:?jiǎn)尉涓腻e(cuò) 1.Itisano-smokingoffice,theonlyoneofthebuilding. 2.Allofyou,includingthe10-year-oldchildmustmakesureyouwillfinishmorningexercisebefore6a.m. 3.Theclimateheredoesn’tfitanyonemovingformthesouth. 4.Hewhoisstrictinhimselfissuretosucceed. 5.Thetwoeventsarecloselyconnected,providingyouthinkover. 6.whodoyousuggestthegameshouldbeginfrom? 7.wherethereiswill,thereisaway. 8.shewouldratherallofhersonshaveattendedcollegeleavingheraloneathome. 9.Thelackofresourcesoftenmakeitimpossibleforteacherstoprovidethebestexercisestoalllearners. 10.ItisverydifferentfromforparentsofchildrenintheleastdevelopednationsofAfricaandAsia. B級(jí)(創(chuàng)新提高) I:?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇。 1.Hewillsurelyfinishthejobontimehe’slefttodoitinhisownway. A.inthatB.solongasC.incaseD.forfearthat 2.Astudent_________hisfamilylotsofmoneyforeducation. A.spendsB.costsC.takesD.pays 3.Everyonewasontimeforthelecture________Charles,whoisusuallytenminuteslateforeverything. A.butB.onlyC.evenD.yet 4.—Illtellsomethingaboutthechangeinyourjobtomorrow. —You________mesometimeearlier. A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold 5.Ihearyouaresayingthatdoctorsshouldbehighlypaid,andthisis________Idisagree. A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how 6.Thereisnoexperienceyoucanhave________ismoreexcitingthanskatingonrealice. A.thatB.itC.whatD.this 7.Youshouldntleavethewater________whileyouwashclothes;itsawasteofwater. A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun 8.Onlywhentheyweretoldoftheimportanceoftime________wastingtimeislikewastingpartoftheirlives. A.thoseboysrealizedB.thoseboyshadrealized C.hadthoseboysrealizedD.didthoseboysrealize 9.________youmetwithYaoMingforthefirsttime? A.WhenitwasthatB.Wasitwhenthat C.WhenwasitthatD.Wasitthatwhen 10.Heaccidentally________hehadstolensomethingfromashopandhadbeenpunishedbytheguards. A.letoutB.tookcareC.madesureD.madeout 11.TheywantedtogetpaidbeforetheSpringFestival,butitdidntquite________asplanned. A.makeoutB.goonC.turnoutD.comeup 12.________theproject,theworkershavetostaythereforanothertwomonths. A.NotcompletingB.Notcompleted C.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted 13.________tothetopofthehillandyoullfindthecitymorebeautiful. A.ClimbB.ClimbingC.IfyouclimbD.Whenclimbing 14.Ourmonitorhas________largercollectionof________booksthananyotherstudentinourclass. A.the;不填B.a(chǎn);不填C.a(chǎn);theD.不填;the 15.—Whatarewegoingtodoontheweekend? —________.Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme. 完形填空 Whensailorsareallowedashoreafteralongtimeatsea,theysometimesgetdrunkandcausetrouble.Forthisreason,thenavy1hasitspoliceinbigports.Wheneversailorscausetrouble,thepolicecomeand2them. Onday,thepoliceinabigseaportreceivedatelephonecall3abarinthetown.Thebarmansaidthatabigsailorhadgotdrunkand4thefurnitureinthebar.Theofficerinchargeofthepoliceguardthateveningsaidthathewouldcomeimmediately. Now,officerswho5andpunishthesailors6drunkusuallychose7policemantheycouldfindtogowiththem.8thisparticularofficerdidnotdothis.9,hechosethesmallestand10manhecouldfindtogotothebarwithhimand11thesailor. Anotherofficerwho12therewassurprisedwhenhesawtheofficeroftheguardchosesuchasmallman.13hesaidtohim,"Why14youtakeabigmanwithyou?Youhavetofightthesailorwho15." "Yes,youare16right,"answeredtheofficeroftheguard."Thatisexactly17Iamtakingthissmallman.Ifyouseetwopolicemencoming18you,andoneis19theother,whichone20youattack?" 1.A.alwaysB.seldomC.foreverD.sometimes 2.A.meetwithB.dealwithC.seeD.judge 3.A.aboutB.fromC.inD.of 4.A.wasbreakingB.wasorderingC.wasmovingD.wasdusting 5.A.wouldgoB.mightbeatC.daredtofightD.hadtogo 6.A.slightlyB.notatallC.heavilyD.muchmore 7.A.thebiggestB.theyoungestC.thebravestD.theexperienced 8.A.InfactB.ButC.SoD.And 9.A.InsteadB.ThereforeC.AlthoughD.Then 10.A.good-lookingB.weakest-lookingC.ugly-lookingD.strongest-looking 11.A.seizeB.killC.getridofD.catchupwith 12.A.willgoB.hadcomeC.wouldstartoffD.happenedtobe 13.A.YetB.ButC.SoD.Then 14.A.dontB.couldntC.cantD.do 15.A.looksstrongB.isdrunkC.seemsrudeD.isdangerous 16.A.allB.veryC.tooD.quite 17.A.howB.whatC.whyD.that 18.A.upB.atC.beforeD.towards 19.A.notsmallerthanB.asbigasC.assmallasD.muchsmallerthan 20.A.couldB.willC.doD.can 閱讀理解 A Whydoescreamgobadfasterthanbutter?Someresearchersthinktheyhavetheanswer,anditcomesdowntothestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthefood,notitschemicalcomposition(成份)—afindingthatcouldhelpbreakawayfromsomechemicals.Creamandbuttercontainprettymuchthesamethings,sowhycreamshouldgobadmuchfasterhasbeenaproblem.Botharesmallglobules(小球)ofoneliquidspreadthroughoutanother.Thedifferenceliesinwhatsintheglobulesandwhatsinthesurroundingliquid,saysBrocklehurst,wholedtheresearch.Incareen,fattyglobulesdriftaboutinaseaofwater.Inbutter,globulesofawateryroadarelockedawayinaseaoffat.Thebacteria(細(xì)菌)whichmakethefoodgobadprefertoliveinthewateryareasofthemixture.“Thismeansthatincream,thebacteriaarefreetogrowthroughoutthemixture,”hesays.Wheninbutter,thebacteriaarelockedawayinlockedplacesburieddeepintheseaoffat.Trappedinthisway,thosecoloniescannotspreadandrapidlyrunout.Theyalsoslowlypoisonthemselveswiththeirwasteproducts.”Inbutter,yougetaself-limitingsystemwhichstopsthebacteriagrowing,”saysBrocklehurst.Theresearchersarealreadyworkingwithfoodcompanieseagertoseeiftheirproductscanbemadetostandbacterialattackthroughchangesofthefoodsstructure. Brocklehurstbelievesitwillbepossibletomakesomethingchangesoftheforinstance,morelikethatinbutter,Thekeywillbepossibletomakesomethingusedinsaladcreamliquidandmottaminglikeitintoasolidstate. 1?ThesignificanceofBrocklehurstsresearchisthat. A.itsuggestedawaytokeepsomefoodsfreshwithoutusingsomechemicals B.itdiscoveredsmallglobulesinbothcreamandbutter C.itshowedthesecretofhowbacteriaincreaseincreamandbutter D.itfoundthatcreamandbuttersharethesamechemicalcomposition 2?Accordingtotheresearchers,creamgoesbadfasterthanbutter becausebacteria. A.arestrongerincreamB.increasetheirnumbermoreeasilyincreamthaninbutter C.liveonlessfatincreamthaninbutterD.producelesswasteincreamthaninbutter 3?AccordingtoBrocklehurst,wecankeepcreamfreshbut. A.removingitsfatB.killingthebacteriaC.reducingitswaterD.changingitsstricture 4?Theunderlinedword“colonies”refersto. A.tinyglobulesB.wateryregionsC.bacteriasocietyD.littledepartments 5?Commercialuseoftheresearchfindingwillbepossibleifsaladcreamcanbemadetostandbacterialattack. A.bychangingitschemicalcompositionB.byturningitintoasolidlump C.whilekeepingitsstructureunchangedD.whileitsliquidformremains B MysonandIweretryingtosellthehousewehadrepairedbutinthebarn(谷倉)therewerebats(蝙蝠)andtheywouldnotleave.Thebarnwastheirhome.Theytoldussointheirownway.Theyhungthereinthebarnandseemeddeterminedtostayfortheseason.Dontworryaboutit,Dad,"Patricksaid.Theykeepdownthemosquitoes(蚊子).” Unfortunatelytheyalsokeptthebuyersaway.whenwehadaskedapersontosell thehouseforushehadrefusedtoshowitbecauseofthebats.Batsarepopular,"Patrickcomfortedme.Theyreecological(生態(tài)學(xué)的)."Isntthereamachineyoucanbuythatproduceshigh?frequencysoundstokeepbatsaway?”Idontknow,”saidPatrick.ButIlikebats,andwhoeverbuysthishousewillprobablylikethemtoo."”Probably?"Ihatedthatword.Howmanybatsare there,anyway?"Icountedabout90lastnight,"saidPatrick.Theyweredroppingoutfromundertheedgeoftheroof."Youmeantherearemore—outside?"Theyreeverywhere,Dad.Butlookatitthisway.Whenthecoldweathercomes,they’llbeofftoMexico.Maybeinthespringwecankeepthemout.Dontworryaboutit,”hesaidforthehundredthtime.Itsnotaproblem." ThebatexpertIcalledwasevenmoreactivethanPatrick.Ithinkyouvegotalargenumberthere,”hesaidinwonder,I’vebeentryingtoattractbatstoourhousefor25years?Asinglebateatsuphisweightinmosquitoesandblackfliesthreetimeseverynight.Youreaveryluckyman.”Iofferedtosharemyluckwithhim.Hecouldtakethemaway.Batshavearemarkablehominginstinct(本能),"hesaid.Theydflystraight backevenifItransportedthem100miles.Oncetheyhavesettled,youcantstopthemfromcomingback."Iwassilent. Finallywemanagedtorent“(出租)thehousetoayoungfamily,whowerealsointerestedinbuyingit.Whataboutthebats?"IsaidtoPatrick. Oh,theylovethebats,”hesaid.Nomosquitoes.Noblackflies.Itsoneofthethingsthatattractedthem."Doyouthinktheywillreallybuythebouse?"Probably."Probably?Well,iftheydo,IsupposeIllhavetoadmitthatIwaswrong."Youmeanyouregoingtoeatyourwords?" Yes,Iam." 6?Whatwastheproblemtheauthorhadwithhishouse? A.Batswerelivinginthebarnandwouldntgoaway. B.Theauthorandhissoncouldntsleepwellbecauseofthebats. C.Theauthorandhissonmightbeabletostayfortheseason. D.Thehousewasstillbadlyinneedofrepair. 7?WhatdidPatricksuggesttheauthorshoulddotostopthebatslivinginthebarn? A.Heshouldbuyahighfrequencymachine. B.Heshouldmovethemonehundredmilesaway. C.Heshouldreducethenumberofmosquitoes. D.Heshouldclosethebarninthespring. 8?Whydidtheauthorfallsilentwhenhetalkedwiththebatspecialist? A.Hefeltsureaboutthesituation. B.Hefoundoutthatitwouldbeimpossibletoremovethebats. C.Helearnedthathewouldbeabletosharehisluckwiththeexpert. D.Helikedtheadvicegivenbytheexpert. 9?Whathappenedregardingthehouseintheend? A.Somepeopleagreedtorentthehouse. B.Theauthorfailedtofindanybodywhowantedtoliveinthehouse. C.Thebatexpertmadethedecisiontobuythehouse. D.ThebatsleftthehouseforMexicointhespring. 10?Whydidtheauthorthinkhemighthaveto“eathiswords”? A.Hefeltsorryforthebats. B.Hemightbemistakenaboutbeingunabletosellthehouse. C.Herealizedhemightbewrongaboutthebatsactions. D.Hewashappyaboutsellingthehouse. 短文改錯(cuò) Marydidnotunderstandsuchsentenceslike"Sheisbluetoday."1.____ "Youareyellow.""Hehasagreenthumb.""Hehastoldawhitelie."2____ andsoon.Andshewenttotheteacherwithhelp.3._____ Mary:MrsSmith,thereisacolorineachofthesentence.4_____ Whatdotheymean? MrsSmith:IneverydayEnglish,Mary,bluesometimesmean5_____ sad,yellowafraid.Personwithagreenthumbgrowsplantswell.6____ Andawhitelieisnotabadone. Mary:Wouldyougivemeaexamplefor"awhitelie"?7_____ MrsSmith:Certainly.NowIjustgiveyousomecakes.Infact,8_____ youdontlikeit,butyouwontsayitInsteadof,yousay9_____ "Yes,thanks,Imnothungry."Thatsawhitelie.10_____ Mary:Oh,Isee,thankyouverymuch. 書面表達(dá) 根據(jù)下面的提示,用英文寫一篇介紹中國義務(wù)教育的文章。介紹須包括以下內(nèi)容: 1.上學(xué)的年齡;2.開學(xué)的時(shí)間;3.學(xué)制情況(小學(xué)六年,初中三年); 4.所學(xué)課程;5.收費(fèi)情況;6.義務(wù)教育的特點(diǎn)。 注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右; 2.文章的題目已為你寫好。 CompulsoryEducationinChina 參考答案 A級(jí)(基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練) 1.no-smoking改為non-smoking2.去掉will 3.Fit改為suit4.in改為with5.providing改為provided 6.from改為with7.iswill之間添加冠詞a 8.去掉have,或?qū)ave改為had9.to改為for 10.去掉From B級(jí)(創(chuàng)新提高) 單項(xiàng)選擇 1—5BBADB6—10ABDCA11—15CCABB 完形填空 1—5ABBAD6—10CABAB11—15ADCAB16—20DCBDB 閱讀理解 1—5ABDCD6—10ADBAB 短文改錯(cuò) 1.(like)-as2.√3.(with)-for4.(sentence)-sentences5.(mean)-means 6.person前加A7.me(a)-an8.(cakes)-cake9.去掉of10.(Yes)-No 書面表達(dá) Onepossibleversion: CompulsoryEducationinChina InChina,schoolbeginsonSeptember1.Childrengotoschoolwhentheyaresixyearsold.Childrenshallstudyforsixyearsinprimaryschool,wheretheywilllearnChinese,maths,English,music,drawing,P.E.andsoon.Whentheyhavefinishedprimaryschool,theywillenterjuniorschool,wheretheywilllearnothersubjects,suchasphysics,chemistry,politics,history, geography,biologyandsoon.Theyshallstudyfor3yearsinjuniorschool. Duringthecompulsoryeducation,parentsonlyhavetopaythefeesofbooksandexercisebooksfortheirchildren’seducation.Accordingtothelaw,it’sparents’dutytosendtheirchildrentoreceivethecompulsoryeducation. 課文翻譯 全民教育 1986年,中國政府提議一項(xiàng)立法,即到2000年為止,每一位中國兒童必須接受九年義務(wù)教育。盡管實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo)還有諸多問題,可是結(jié)果是極其成功的。據(jù)報(bào)道,截止到2004年報(bào)99%的中國學(xué)齡兒童上了小學(xué)。 與其他國家一樣,中國政府意識(shí)到了公民的未來幸福與教育是緊密相關(guān)的。2000年世界教育論壇召開,會(huì)上數(shù)字表明,全球有一億一千三百萬兒童上不了學(xué)。在論壇會(huì)上,聯(lián)合國教科及組織的成員國做出一項(xiàng)承諾:到為止,要為所有兒童提供完美的、免費(fèi)的及高質(zhì)量的小學(xué)義務(wù)教育,即所謂的“全民教育”。這些國家現(xiàn)在試圖讓每個(gè)兒童入學(xué),它們所經(jīng)歷的困難與中國相似。 首先,重要的是要抱有一種積極的態(tài)度。在一些地方,那是農(nóng)業(yè)扮演著重要角色。人們認(rèn)為教育對(duì)他們不那么舉足輕重,父母親對(duì)讓孩子擺脫田間勞動(dòng)的任何事情都表示懷疑。政府不得不向他們解釋兒童、家庭及社區(qū)能夠從教育中得益多少,而改變傳統(tǒng)的觀念可不是那么輕而易舉。中國和其他國家都發(fā)現(xiàn),尤其在農(nóng)村地區(qū),孩子確實(shí)去上學(xué)了,而他們有經(jīng)常逃學(xué),繼而輟學(xué)這一傾向。在一些國家,父母尤其不愿把女孩送到學(xué)校就讀,由于習(xí)慣上重男輕女的緣故吧。 中國人口眾多,那就意味著學(xué)校不得擴(kuò)大來接納如此多的學(xué)生?,F(xiàn)在的師資有些短缺,即使人口少的國家也有這種情況。在土耳其和凱科斯群島,那里人口不到2萬人,一些學(xué)校里的學(xué)生如此少,以致于幾個(gè)不同年級(jí)的學(xué)生在同一個(gè)教室里上課。人口的分布狀況也能影響教育體制。在中國,大多數(shù)人生活在東部地區(qū),這種情況又導(dǎo)致了大班化。然而,偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)及西部省份人口較少。這些地區(qū)的學(xué)校不能為每個(gè)年級(jí)的少額學(xué)生提供教師,因此讓他們編入混合班。在澳大利亞的北部及中部地區(qū),人口稀散,一些家住農(nóng)村的孩子離最近的學(xué)校遠(yuǎn)達(dá)1000公里,為了解決這一問題,澳大利亞政府采用了“遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)法”,讓學(xué)生使用兩用的收音機(jī)和郵件上課。 在一個(gè)國家里所有兒童能夠接受教育,其成功之處還要仰賴其經(jīng)濟(jì)水平。在許多發(fā)展中國家,國家拿不出足夠的錢為所有孩子提供教室、課桌、椅子、書籍。為了裝備學(xué)校設(shè)施,這些國家政府幾乎完全依賴外國,國際組織,例如世界銀行,及非政府組織,諸如“救救孩子”的援助,其他國家得到特別項(xiàng)目的幫助。在中國,世界銀行和“救救孩子”,幫助欠發(fā)達(dá)省份的學(xué)校。一些大公司及個(gè)人也通過“希望工程”向?qū)W校捐助。 甚至世界上最富有的國家也面臨著一些問題。美國發(fā)現(xiàn),確保讓每個(gè)學(xué)生受到同樣的教育是不容易的,美國有1/3的學(xué)生生活在農(nóng)村,要開足他們充足的課程決非易事。遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)幫了大忙。現(xiàn)在在很小的農(nóng)村學(xué)校。許多兒童使用電腦軟件、電子郵件及錄像實(shí)況上課。中國也采用了“遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)法”(如電視),并且在1999年,教育部在中西部地區(qū)引進(jìn)了計(jì)算機(jī)化教學(xué)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。 中國政府克服了人口和經(jīng)濟(jì)問題來完成“九年義務(wù)教育”目標(biāo)?,F(xiàn)在,一對(duì)夫妻生一個(gè)孩子,他們很有信心把孩子送到學(xué)校去,可是在亞洲及非洲的最不發(fā)達(dá)國家里情況迥異,在這此國家,一些人甚至喝不上新鮮的水,得不到基本的健康保障,盡管有國際社會(huì)的援助,要實(shí)現(xiàn)“全民教育”這一目標(biāo)任務(wù)仍然艱巨。 綜合技能: 我們?nèi)绾螌W(xué)習(xí) 你班里的同學(xué)在許多方面是有差異的。你們都有不同有性格、能力和外表。在另一些方面,你們有好多共同點(diǎn)。當(dāng)然,你們年齡相同,民族相同,也可能你們?cè)谡n外時(shí)間具有相似的愛好和興趣。你們也都在上學(xué),在同一個(gè)班級(jí)。但是你知道嗎?雖然你們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)相同的科目,你們可能正在以不同的方式學(xué)習(xí)。 1.學(xué)習(xí)方式理論表明不同的人具有獲取信息的不同的方法并且使用不同方法來展現(xiàn)他們的智力和能力。雖然專家有許多關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)的觀點(diǎn)和學(xué)習(xí)分類,但是人們以三種基本的方式學(xué)習(xí)是很清楚的:通過視覺學(xué)習(xí)、通過聽覺學(xué)習(xí)、通過實(shí)踐學(xué)習(xí)。 2.當(dāng)學(xué)習(xí)新東西時(shí),如果你較喜歡閱讀這些信息,你可能是一個(gè)通過視覺學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)生。這些學(xué)生喜歡清晰地觀察老師的面部表情和身體語言,而且常常坐在教室的前面。他們?cè)敿?xì)地記筆記,通過圖像思考能很容易地從帶有簡(jiǎn)圖、圖表、圖畫和照片上吸取信息。 3.有些學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)通過老師講解而學(xué)習(xí)新概念最容易,他們是通過聽覺學(xué)習(xí)的。聽逸聞趣事,暢談事物是這些學(xué)習(xí)者在大聲朗讀、使用錄音得新知識(shí)的最好方法。他們密切關(guān)注討論的內(nèi)容和事情討論的方式,例如語音和語速怎樣體現(xiàn)談話者的情感。 4.通過初中學(xué)習(xí)意味著考察環(huán)境,通過活動(dòng)和接觸搞清楚事情。擁有這種學(xué)習(xí)方法的學(xué)生采取親身初中的教育態(tài)度,喜愛做實(shí)驗(yàn)和調(diào)查。他們不喜歡長時(shí)間的靜坐,有時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)在讀書和聽課時(shí)很難集中注意力。 老師常把研究人們的各種學(xué)習(xí)方式作為他們的授受培訓(xùn)的一部分。他們選取了適合學(xué)生不同學(xué)習(xí)風(fēng)格的各種活動(dòng)。然而,時(shí)間、空間和資源的限制常常使老師不可能給全體學(xué)生提供最好的鍛煉。如果你意識(shí)到了自己的學(xué)習(xí)方式,你自己可以做許多事情來改善你的學(xué)習(xí)技巧,找到完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)的最合適的方法。結(jié)果你將能夠處理好自己的學(xué)習(xí),高效率地學(xué)到更多的知識(shí)。
Unit5Gettingthemessage
Unit5Gettingthemessage(Reading:advertising)
STEP1CarefulreadingChoosethebestanswers:
1.Thewordadvertisingmeanstomakeaproductknownto.D
AmanagersthroughbroadcastBleadersbyradios
CfirmsbyprintednoticesDpeopleinvariousways.
2.Oneadvantageofadvertisingisthatithelps.A
AincreaseproductsalesBmakeaproductmoreexpensive
CincreaseproductionDreducethecostsofaproduct
3.Advertisingisahighlydeveloped.B
AinformationBindustryCtradeDscience
4.Thedevelopmentofradio,television,cinema,magazinesandnewspapershaswiththedevelopmentofadvertising.B
AfollowedupBgonehandinhandCgonebehindDtakenplace
5.Thebestchancetoreachcustomersisto.C
AsellthemtheproductBsellthemwhatmoneycannotbuy:love,happinessandsuccess.
CappealtotheiremotionsDreducethepriceoftheproducts.
6Thedevelopmentofmediahasgonehandhandthedevelopmentofadvertising.C
A.by;byB.by;withC.in;withD.in;by
8.Peoplereacttoadvertisementsindifferentways.Because.A
A.adsareusefulandentertainingtosomepeoplewhileannoyingtoothers
B.adsareusefulandentertainingC.adsareannoying
D.adsarenotonlyusefulandentertainingbutannoying
9.Whenwebuyanexpensiveproduct,canhelpusmaketherightdecision.B
A.sellersB.adsC.ourfriendsD.defenders
10.NotalladsareusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompanysprofitsmeansD
A.alladsareusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompanysprofits
B.fewadsareusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompanysprofits
C.noadsareusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompanysprofits
D.alladsarenotusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompanysprofits
11.Inordernottobecomeeasytargetforadmakers,wemust.A
A.distinguishbetweenfictionandfactsB.watchTVmoreoften
C.believealltheadsD.neverbelieveanyads
12.Thebestchancetoreachcustomersfortheadvertisersist.A
A.appealtotheiremotionsB.makeinterestingpictures
C.givecustomersproperpricesD.sendmessagestocustomers
13.Paragraph4ismainlyabout.C
A.adsmustincreasetheproductionB.adsmustreducethepriceoftheproduction
C.adsmusthelpcompaniesandcustomersD.adsmustmakeaproductmoreexpensive
14.WhichsentencetellsusthemainideaofParagrah5C
A.Themostimportantfunctionofadvertisingistointroducethepricesoftheproducts.
B.Themostimportantfunctionofadvertisingistointroducethetypesoftheproducts.
C.Themostimportantfunctionofadvertisingistointroducenewproducts.
D.Themostimportantfunctionofadvertisingistointroducethecompanywheretheproductscomefrom.
15.WhyisadvertisingpopularC
A.Becauseadsarefoundinnewspapers.B.BecauseadsarefoundontheInternet.
C.BecauseadsarefoundonTV.D.Becauseadsarefoundeverywhere.
16.Wecaninferfromthelastsentenceofthetextthat.C
A.wemustlearntobelieveadsB.wemustlearntoacceptads
C.wemustlearntoanalyseadsD.wemustlearntoaccuseadsSTEP2Findoutthemainideaforeachparagraph
Pa1:Adsarefoundalmosteverywhere
Pa2:Peoplereacttoadvertisementsindifferentways.
Pa3:Thebasicprincipleofadvertisementsistoinfluencecustomerschoices.
Pa4:Adshelpcompaniesandcustomersnavarietyofways.
Pa5:themostimportantfunctionofadvertisingistointroducenewproducts.
Pa6:Governmentsandotherorganizationsuseadstomakepeopleawareofgovernmentpoliciesandsocialproblems.
Pa7:Customersshouldbecarefulofillegalads.
Pa8:Customersshouldlearntoprotectthemselvesfromfalseadsandmakesmartchoices.STEP3TorF
1.Peoplereacttoadvertisementsindifferentways.()
2.Thebasicprincipleofadvertisingisfairlydifficult.()
3.Sinceanincreaseinsalesmeansanincreaseinproduction,thepricemaybeincreased,too.()
4.Truthfuladsprovidegoodinformationthathelpscustomerstodecidewhethertheywantorneedtheadvertisedproduct.()
5.Perhapsthemostimportantfunctionofadvertisingistoincreaseacompanysprofits.()
6.Byusingthetechniquesdevelopedbytheadvertisingindustry,governmentsandothernon-profitorganizationscanspreadknowledge,changeattitudesandimprovesociety.()
7.Alladsarenotusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompanysprofits.()STEP4Scanthetextquicklyandunderlineadvantagesanddisadvantagesmentionedinthetest.Areadvertisementsgoodorbadforpeople?
Makealistofadvertisementanddisadvantagesofadvertisements.
AdvantagesDisadvantages
ProvideinformationMisleadcustomers
IncreasesalesGivefalseorincorrectinformation
MakethepublicawareofsocialproblemRaisethepriceofproducts
Cutcostsofnewspapersandmakethemcheaper.TaketoomuchtimeorspaceonTVornewspapers
THEHISTORYOFADVERTISEMENT
1.thefirstformofadvertising:inGreeceandEgyptaround1500B.C.
2.thefirstprintedadvertisement:inLondon1477
3.thefirstcommercialsonradiabout1920
4.thefirstcommercialonTV:afterWorldWar2STEP5COMPLETETHEFOLLOWINGOFTHEPASSAGE
Advertisingisahighly_________industry.Ithasgone______________withradio,televisionandothermedia.
However,people______toadsindifferentways.Defendersthinkadsareusefulandhelpfulandhelpconsumersmake_________choices.Butcritics_______companiesofusingadstomisleadus.Advertising__________customerschoicesbyintroducingabrandnameand___________productswithcustomersneeds.Therearesomanyadsforcustomers,soadvertiserstrytogettheirmessage______by___________totheir
emotions.
Adshelpcompaniesandcustomersina__________ofways.Theycanhelpcompanies________salesand_______theprices.Meanwhile,theyhelpcustomerschooseamongalltheavailableproducts.Infact,truthfuladsprovidegood____________,andhelpcustomerscomparefeatures,functionsandcosts.Somegovernmentsnametheirspokesmanorspokeswomantomakepeople_______oftheirsocialproblemsandpolicies.
Customersshouldprotectthemselvesbykeepingan_____outforbadads,______________betweenfictionandfactsandmakinggoodchoices.Wordsandexpressions.
1.convey:vt.
1)expressconveysth/that~onesfeelings~mybestwishestosb.~that~how
Wordsfailedtoconveymyfeelings.
Pleaseconveymybestwishestohim.
Herletterconveysthatshehasawarmheart.
WordscannotconveyhowhappyIam.
2)=take/carryconveytoconveyfromThesearefactswemusttakeintoconsideration.
Safedrivingisgoodbecauseittakesintoconsideringthelivesofpeople.
Forabighouse,thepriceisfairlycheap,youhavegottotakethemoneyyoullspendonrepairsintoconsideration.
Letstakeintoconsiderationtheconsequenceofhastydecision.
Wemusttakelocalconditionsintoaccount.
3.chargen.inchargeofinthechargeoftakecharge(of)
Sheis__________thesalesdepartment.
Thepatientis____________ofthenurse.
Thechildrenwereleft_____________aneighbor
4.blame1)betobme
Iamnottoblameforthemistake.Thedriverwasnottoblameforthetrafficaccident.
2)blamesb.forsthblamesth.onsb
Dontblameyourmistakesonothers.
Heblamedhisfailureonhisfather.
Heblamesyouforneglectofduty.
5.reactreactto
Howdidhereacttoyoursuggestion?shereactsbadlytothiskindofmedicine.shereactedtotheinsultbyturningherbackonhim.
6.accuseaccusesbofsth
Theyaccusedhimoftakingbribes.
Johnwasaccusedofstealingacar.
Tomsteacheraccusedhimofcheatingintheexam.
7.associate
associatewith
1)Idontwanttobe~edwiththataffair.
2)Hisfatherdoesntlikehimtobe~edwithsuchpeople.
3)Doctorsarealways~edinchildrensmindwithinjectionsandpains.
8.getacross
1)getsbacross
Thegeneralfinallygothistroopsacrosstheriver.
Wouldyoupleasehelpmetogetthechildrenacrossthestreet?
2)getsthacrosstosb
Hewasunabletogetacrosstotheaudiencewhathemeant.Theteachertriedtoexplaintheproblem,buttheexplanationdidnotgetacrosstotheclass.
9.appeal
1)appealtosb.=attractsb
Thisnovelwillappealtothepublic.
Brightcolorsappealtosmallchildren.
Thesepicturesdonotappealtome.
2)appealtosbforsth=asksbforsth
appealtosbtodosth
Thelostchildappealtothepolicemanforhelp.
Thestudentsappealedtothedirectortohelpthemgetcostumesfortheperformance.
3)
Hedecidedtoappealtoahighercourt.
JohnfirstappealedtotheGovernor,thentothePresident,butheneverreceivedareply.
9.keepaneyeout
keeponeseyesopen
Ivelostmyring----couldyoukeepaneyeopenforitwhileyoucleanthehouse?
Remembertokeepyoureyesopenforalargebluetruck.
10.attach
1)attachsthtosw
Pleaseattachapresentphotographtoyourapplicationform.
Thecalendarisattachedtothewallbyanail.
2)attachto
Thehospitalisattachedtothemedicalcottage.
Heisfoolishlyattachedtooldcustoms.
Theboyisdeeplyattachedtohisparents.
11.makesense
Itmakessensestolookafteryourself.
Thissentencedoesntmakeanysense.
Readitandtellmeifitmakessense.Exercise
1.---Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecostumers?
---Thekey_____theproblemistomeetthedemand_____bythecustomers.
Atosolving;makingBtosolving;made
Ctosolve;makingDtosolve;made
2.---Whydidyouleavethatposition?
---I_____abetterpositionatIBM.
A.offerB.offeredC.amofferedD.wasoffered.
3.Icouldntdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_______
A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon
4.Theprizeofthegameshowis,000andanallexpenses_____vacationtoChina.
A.payingB.paidC.tobepaidD.beingpaid.
5.Itsnecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview.______theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.
A.TohavehadB.HavinghadC.HaveD.Having.
6.Whenaskedbythepolice,hesaidthatheremembered_____attheparty,butnot_______
A.toarrive;leavingB.toarrive;toleaveC.arriving;leavingD.arriving;toleave
7.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains______whethertheywillenjoyit.
AtoseeBtobeseenCseeingDseen
8.Idontwant____likeImspeakingillofanybody,butthemanagersplanisunfair.()
A.tosoundB.tobesoundedC.soundingD.tohavesounded
9.Withalotofdifficultproblems,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.
A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled
10.When,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.
A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted
11.InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans______foranotherhour.
A.waitingB.towaitC.waitD.tobewaiting
12.____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthandoctor.??
A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed
13._________fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.
ASufferedBSuffering
CHavingsufferedDBeingsuffered
14._________bloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.
AGivingBGiveCGivenDTogive
15.Tonywasveryunhappyfor___totheparty.
A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvited
ChavingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvited
16.The___boywaslastseen___neartheEastLake.
A.missingplayingB.missingplay
C.missedplayedD.missedtoplay
17.In1636,Harvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversities____intheUnitedStates.
A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding
18.Hesentmeane-mail,___togetfurtherinformation.
A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeDhope
19.Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.
Imeant_______,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldntfindheranywhere.
A.todoB.toC.doingD.doingso
20.Daddydidntmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether,__________fun.
A.hadB.haveC.tohaveD.having
21.Allthepreparationsforthetask______,andwerereadytostart.
A.completedB.completeC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompleted
22._________moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven
23.Thepicture______onthewallispaintedbymynephew.
A.havinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung
24.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor,____"Sorrytomissyouwillcalllater."
A.readB.readsC.toreadD.reading
25.Withthedoor___on,thethiefsheart___faster.
A.knocked;beatB.beingknocked;beatC.beingknocked;hitD.beat;hit
26.InordertoimproveEnglish,__.
A.Jennysfatherboughtheralotoftapes
B.Jennyboughtalotoftapesforherself
C.alotoftapeswereboughtbyJenny
D.alotoftapeswereboughtbyJennysfather
27.Havingbeenattackedbyterrorists,________.
A.doctorscanetotheirrescueB.thetallbuildingcollapsed
C.anemergencymeasurewastakenD.warningsweregiventotourists
28.Everything___intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.
A.totakeB.tobetakenC.takenD.taking
29.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,____as3M.
A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown
30.Newsreportershurriedtotheairport,only__thefilmstarshadleft.
AtotellBtobetoldCtellingDtell
key
1---15BDABDCAACAAACBD16---30ACBBDDABDBBBCBB高三英語教案Unit5Gettingthemessage(含知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解)
I.詞組
1.take…intoconsideration考慮到……
2.complain(tosb.)about…向某人抱怨……
3.makeacomplaint提出投訴
4.incharge(of)主管,看管,掌管
inthechargeof……在……的主管之下
takecharge(of)掌管,負(fù)責(zé),(物)不受控制
atone’sowncharge自費(fèi)
freeofcharge免費(fèi)
5.weightlossproducts減肥產(chǎn)品
6.loseweight減肥
7.beangrywithsb.aboutsth.因某事生某人的氣
8.beupsetabout/by/oversth.因……而感到煩惱
9.betoblame該受責(zé)備,應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任
10.overtheradio通過無線電
11.ahighlydevelopedindustry高度發(fā)達(dá)的產(chǎn)業(yè)
12.gowith與…同行,與…相配,
13.handinhand手拉手,同步地,
14.makeinformedchoices做出明智的選擇
15.accusesb.ofsth.因……而控告某人
16.associate…with…把……和聯(lián)系起來
beassociatedwith與……有關(guān),與……有瓜葛
17.get…across通過…,使……被理解
18.largeamountsof…大量的19.appealtosb.吸引某人
appealtosb.todosth呼吁某人做……
appealfor懇求,呼吁
20.avarietyof多種的
21.againandagain再三地,反復(fù)地
22.makesb.awareofsth.讓某人明白……
23.allowsb.todosth.允許某人做……
24.armsb.withsth.用……來武裝自己
25.dealwith處理,解決(問題),和某人做生意,涉及,論及,探討(某個(gè)主題),控制(感情問題)
26.keepaneyefor留心
27.withthepurposeof…目的是……
28.pointout指出
29.attractone’sattention吸引某人注意
30.makesense講得通,有意義
makenosense毫無意義
makesenseof弄懂……的意義
31..attachto系;貼;固定;附著
attachto/connectwith附著/聯(lián)想
attachimportanceto給予重視
32.ataloss困惑
33.profitby/from得益于
34.thinktwice慎重考慮II.過程
(1)Tolearnsomewordsandexpressions.
(2)Tousethewordsandexpressionscorrectly
1advertisev_為---做廣告__________
advertisementn廣告_[C]__________
advertisingn廣告業(yè),廣告__[U]__________
advertisern廣告__登廣告的人__________
advertiseasoap宣傳肥皂_____________
advertiseforanewsecretary登廣告招聘新秘書_____________
eg:(1)Amysaw_____inalocalnewspaperateachingpostatahighschoolclosetowhereshelived.
AadvertisedBadvertisesCadvertisingDadvertisement
(2)Nowadays,somestarslike_____becausetheycan_____alotofmoney.
Aadvertisements;bringBadvertising;makeCtoadvertise;earnDmakingadvertisementsmake
2considerv___________考慮干-----
____________認(rèn)為-------
considerationn________
consideringprep___考慮到_______
eg(1)你應(yīng)該考慮到你的健康狀況._Youshouldtakethestateofyourhealthintoconsideration
(2)______hehasonlyjuststarted,heknowsalotaboutit.
AConsideringBConsideredCToconsider
considerationn
(1).考慮[U][(+for/to)]
Thatmatteris__underconsideration____那件事正在考慮之中。
Beforewritingyouranswerspleasegivecarefulconsideration_to__thequestions.請(qǐng)?jiān)诨卮鹬白屑?xì)考慮一下問題。
(2.)需要考慮的事;動(dòng)機(jī),原因[C]
Priceandqualityarethetwochiefconsiderations.
價(jià)格和質(zhì)量是兩個(gè)主要考慮的問題。
(3).體貼;關(guān)心[U][(+for)]
He__showsnoconsideration____________________hiswife.他不體貼他的妻子。
詞組:inconsiderationof=inreturnfor/onaccountof/becauseof_回報(bào)/由于_take---intoconsideration=takeaccountof/take…intoaccount_考慮__________
underconsideration__考慮中onnoconsideration_決不_outofconsiderationfor_出于_---的考慮
Youtakequalityintoconsideration.您必須要考慮到質(zhì)量問題
Wemusttakeintoconsiderationourabilitytopaywhenweimportgoods.
我們進(jìn)口必須考慮我們的支付能力。
Ialwaystakefuelconsumption(消耗)intoconsiderationwhenbuyingacar. 我買汽車時(shí)總要把燃油消耗量考慮在內(nèi).
Wemaytakeintoconsiderationacceptinggovernment-to-governmentornon-governmentloans(貸款)onlyiftheconditionspermit.(注意賓語后置) 只要條件合適,我們可以考慮接受政府間貸款或非政府間貸款。
underconsideration在考慮中,在研究中
3charge(1)使---充滿avoice_chargedwithtension
(2)控告,指控charge----with
(3)要價(jià),收費(fèi)charge---for
(4)記在---帳上
(5)使承擔(dān):使承擔(dān)任務(wù)、責(zé)任或義務(wù):chargesbtodo/chargesbwith
Theychargedhimwiththetaskofwatchingtheyoungswimmers.
他們讓他承擔(dān)起看護(hù)年輕游泳者的任務(wù)
n(1)主管,看管__inchargeof_______________(由----掌管)
_inthechargeof____________(在---掌管下)
(2)費(fèi)用,價(jià)錢_freeofcharge_____________(免費(fèi)的)
(3)incharge最常見用法是作后置定語,也作表語;表示主管的,負(fù)責(zé)的:
theperson_incharge_________負(fù)責(zé)人;
theofficer_incharge_________主管警官;
Whoisinchargehere?這里誰負(fù)責(zé)?
eg
(1)Howmuchdidthehotelchargeyou_for______aroomforthenight?
(2)Thepolicechargedhim_with_____carelessdriving.
(3)Itissaidthatheisthemanagerofthecompany.Inotherwords,thecompanyisinthechargeof______________him.
4blameblamesbforsth
blamesthonsb
betoblame
eg
(1)---Whois______fortheaccident?
AtoblameBtobeblamed
(2)Don’tblameit_onhim__,_butonme.別怪他,該怪我。
Theyblamedthefailureon____George.他們把失敗歸咎于喬
(3)Theyblamedthesecretaryforthedelayoftheplan.
他們怪罪秘書造成計(jì)劃延誤。
5appealv(1)懇求,呼吁appealtosbforsth/todo
(2)對(duì)---有吸引力,感興趣sth/sbappealtosb
(3)上訴appealto----against
eg:(1)對(duì)露營這種想法我從來不感興趣__Theideaofcampingneverappealstome
(2)他不服判決而向高級(jí)法院上訴_Heappealedtothehighcourtagainsthissentence.
政府呼吁每個(gè)人要節(jié)約用水_Thegovernmentisappealingtoeveryonetosavewater.
appealn呼吁,請(qǐng)求;上訴
Hemadeonelastappeal_to__hisfather_to__forgivehim.
他最后一次懇求父親寬恕他。
anappea__for___forgiveness
懇求原諒
Theteacherlistenedtohisappeal.
老師傾聽了他的要求。
6keepaneyeoutfor注意,留言___________
keepaneyeon注意___________
keepwatch_注意,提防___________
keepback__扣留,隱瞞___________
keepout把----擋在外面_____________
keepoff__防止,避開,擋住____________
keepup_保持______________
keepupwith_跟上_____________
keep---fromdoing__阻止----干_____________
eg
(1)Theboss__keepedback_______100$frommysalarywithnogoodreasons.
(2)Itisimportantforustokeepup_________agoodstateofmindwhenwetakeanimportantexam.
(3)_Keepoff______thedog,Itmightbiteyou.
7attach---to----系在,附在;與---有聯(lián)系
beattachedto迷戀,依戀
eg
(1)Heboughtahousewithagarageattachedalowprice.
(2)Doyouattachanyimportanceto_____whathesaid?
(3)Wehavegrownattached____totheoldhouseandwouldhatetomove.
8conveyvt.-veyed,-veying
(1).運(yùn)送,搬運(yùn),轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)[(+from/to)]
Passengersareconveyedbybustotheairterminal.
用公共汽車載送旅客前往航空站。
Thetruckconveyedmachineryacrossthecountry.
這輛卡車在全國各地運(yùn)送機(jī)器。
(2.)傳播(聲音等)
Awireconveysanelectriccurrent.電線傳導(dǎo)電流。
Wiresconveyelectricity.金屬線導(dǎo)電。
(3).傳達(dá),傳遞,表達(dá)[(+to)][+(that)][+wh-]
Ifound__ithardtoconveymyfeelingsinwords我覺得難以用言語表達(dá)我的感情。
Iwillconveytheinformationtohim.我將把這消息通知他。
Ifyoullleaveamessage,Illconveyittohim.如果你愿意留下口信,我會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)告他的。
(4).轉(zhuǎn)讓(財(cái)產(chǎn)等)[(+to)]
老農(nóng)夫?qū)⑵滢r(nóng)場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)讓給兒子Theoldfarmerconveyedthefarmtohisson.
比較:convey,carry,transport,transmit
這些動(dòng)詞,當(dāng)它們指人或物從一個(gè)地方向另一個(gè)地方運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),可相互比較。
convey常常含有持續(xù)、有規(guī)律地運(yùn)動(dòng)或流動(dòng)的意思。
carry適用范圍很廣,但常常表示運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)支撐著某物:
Thetraincarriesbaggage,mail,andpassengers.火車運(yùn)送行李、郵件及乘客。
transport主要限于人或有形物體的常常是長距離的運(yùn)動(dòng):
Hugetankersareusedtotransportoil.用巨型油輪來運(yùn)輸石油。
Thecityusesbusestotransportstudentstoschool.這城市用公共汽車載送學(xué)生去學(xué)校。
transmit指經(jīng)過、發(fā)送或傳播某物:
Pleasetransmitthestockcertificatesbyspecialmessenger.
請(qǐng)通過特種郵件投遞將股票票證寄來。
Thecostoftransmittingbooksbyairisveryhigh.空運(yùn)書籍的費(fèi)用很高。Step2Whilereading
Readthetextquicklyandtrytogetgeneralideaofeachparagraph
Paragraph1__Adscanbefoundeverywhere
Paragraph2Peoplereacttoadsinavarietyofways
Paragraph3Thebasicprincipleofads
Paragraph4-6thefunctionsofads
Paragraph7
Paragroph8Step3Careful-reading
Questions:
(1)Howdopeoplereacttoads?Andwhy?
___inpara2________________________________________________________
(2)whatisthebasicprincipleofadvertising?
____para3_______________________________________________________
(3)Whataretheadvantagesofadvertising?
___para4-6_________________________________________________________
(4)Howbadadsmisleadconsumers?
__para7__________________________________________________________
(5)Howcanweprotectourselvesfromfalseads?
Para8
§1.1細(xì)枝末節(jié)
1.Thedevelopmentofmediahasgonehand___hand____thedevelopmentofadvertising.
A.by;byB.by;withC.in;withD.in;by
答案:C
2.Peoplereacttoadvertisementsindifferentways.Because.
A.adsareusefulandentertainingtosomepeoplewhileannoyingtoothers
B.adsareusefulandentertaining
C.adsareannoying
D.adsarenotonlyusefulandentertainingbutannoying
答案:A
3.Whenwebuyanexpensiveproduct,canhelpusmaketherightdecision.
A.sellersB.adsC.ourfriendsD.defenders
答案:B
4.“Notalladsareusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompany’sprofits”means.
A.alladsareusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompany’sprofits
B.fewadsareusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompany’sprofits
C.noadsareusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompany’sprofits
D.alladsarenotusedtopromoteaproductortoincreaseacompany’sprofits
答案:D
5.Inordernottobecomeeasytargetforadmakers,wemust.
A.distinguishbetweenfictionandfactsB.watchTVmoreoften
C.believealltheadsD.neverbelieveanyads
答案:A
6.Thebestchancetoreachcustomersfortheadvertisersisto.
A.appealtotheiremotionsB.makeinterestingpictures
C.givecustomersproperpricesD.sendmessagestocustomers
答案:A
§1.2主旨大意
7.Paragraph4ismainlyabout.
A.adsmustincreasetheproduction
B.adsmustreducethepriceoftheproduction
C.adsmusthelpcompaniesandcustomers
D.adsmustmakeaproductmoreexpensive
答案:C
8.WhichsentencetellsusthemainideaofParagraph5?
A.Themostimportantfunctionofadvertisingistointroducethepricesoftheproducts.
B.Themostimportantfunctionofadvertisingistointroducethetypesoftheproducts.
C.Themostimportantfunctionofadvertisingistointroducenewproducts.
D.Themostimportantfunctionofadvertisingistointroducethecompanywheretheproductscomefrom.
答案:C
9.Whyisadvertisingpopular?
A.Becauseadsarefoundinnewspapers.
B.BecauseadsarefoundontheInternet.
C.BecauseadsarefoundonTV.
D.Becauseadsarefoundeverywhere.
答案:D
§1.3推理判斷
10.Wecaninferfromthelastsentenceofthetextthat.
A.wemustlearntobelieveadsB.wemustlearntoacceptads
C.wemustlearntoanalyseadsD.wemustlearntoaccuseads
答案:C
Step4Post-reading
Answerthefollowingquestions
1Whyisadvertisingpopular?
2Howdoseadvertisinghelpconsumersandcompanies?
3Whydoadvertisersoftenhavetoworktoattractpeople’sattention?
4Whatisa“bait-and-switch”ad?
5Makealistofadvantagesanddisadvantages.
Period4Languagepointsinreading
1handinhand
(1)手拉手地
(2)密切聯(lián)系
小男孩和他母親手拉手地Thelittleboywalkedhandinhandwithhismother.
骯臟與疾病是密切相關(guān)的.Dirtanddiseasegohandinhand
權(quán)和錢密不可分。Powerandmoneygohandinhand.
byhand手工,用手--__________
ononehand,ontheotherhand一方面,另一方面__________
give/lendsbahand幫忙__________
handin上交___________
handdown_流傳__________
handout分發(fā)___________
eg:Thecustomishanded_down____fromgenerationtogeneration.
2react
reactto作出反應(yīng),反應(yīng)
reacton/upon影響,起作用
reactagainst反抗,反對(duì)
reactwith/on發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)
egHowdidshereact__to__thenews?
Howdidyourmotherreactto_thenews?Shereactedbygettingveryangry.
Thetworeactuponeachother.這兩者互相影響。
Childrentendtoreact_against______theirparentsbygoingagainsttheirwishes.
Howdoacidsreactonmetals?
酸對(duì)金屬會(huì)起怎樣的化學(xué)反應(yīng)?
Anacidcanreact__on__abasetoformasalt.
酸和堿反應(yīng)會(huì)產(chǎn)生鹽。
3.annoy
(1).惹惱,使生氣;使煩惱beannoyedwithsb/beannoyedatsth
egHismother____him___beingsorudetotheirneighbors.
Aannoyedwith;forBannoyedfor;for
Cwasannoyedwith;forDwasannoyedfor;with
We’reannoyed_at___hisimpolitetreatmentofhisoldfriends.
他用這種不禮貌的態(tài)度對(duì)待老朋友,我們都感到氣憤。
Thesoundoffootstepsonthebarefloor_annoyed_____thedownstairsneighbors.樓上地板的腳步聲吵得樓下住戶心煩。
(2)困擾,打攪
Thesefliesareannoyingme.這些蒼蠅一直在打攪我4accuse---of指控,指責(zé)
egSheaccusedhimofstealingherwatch.她控告他偷她的表。
Heaccusedhisbossofhavingbrokenhisword.他指責(zé)老板不守信。
Hewasaccusedofmurder.有人指控他謀殺
6by+n/Ving=bymeansof
Someadsmisleadusbyshowing_____(show)picturesthatareonlypartlytrueorhavebeenchangedbetter.
7associatevn_association__________.
(1.)associate----with聯(lián)想,把...聯(lián)想在一起
TheyassociateturkeywithThanksgiving.他們把火雞和感恩節(jié)聯(lián)系在一起。
這樣一場(chǎng)大雪你有什么聯(lián)想?whatdoyouassociatewithasuchheavysnow?
(2)使聯(lián)合,使結(jié)合[+with]
(3).使有聯(lián)系Ididntwantto_beassociatedwithitatall.我根本不想與這事有牽連。
(4)結(jié)交,交往[+with]
He_associatewithallsortsofpeople他與各種各樣的人交往。
Neverassociatewithbadcompanions.千萬不要與壞人為伍
8getacross
(1).使...被理解,為人理解
Icouldntgetmypointacrossinthedebate.
在辯論中我無法清楚地表明自己的觀點(diǎn)。
Hefounditdifficulttogethisideaacrosstothem.
他發(fā)現(xiàn)他難以使他們了解他的想法。
(2)使信服:使有說服力或可了解:
HowcanIgetacrosstothestudents?我怎樣才能讓學(xué)生心服口服
(3).(使)越過;(使)渡過Icantgetacrosstheriver.
9frequentadj.常見的;頻繁的frequencyn頻率frequentlyadv經(jīng)常地
Ienjoyedhis_frequent_______visits.
我喜歡他經(jīng)常來訪。
Frequentfailuresdidnotaffecthismorale(士氣).
屢次失敗都沒有使他泄氣。
Rainsare_frequent_hereinearlysummer.這兒在初夏季節(jié)常下雨。
10notall/both/every/everything/everyone/everywhere/always----并非
=all---not/both---not/not---every/---
eg:Alltheanwersarenotright.=Noneoftheanswersareright.__并非所有的答案都對(duì)
Itisnotalwayseasytospotabadad._____________________
11bebetterableto
12beawareof熟悉----了解------
學(xué)生們應(yīng)該了解認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)的重要性Studentsshouldbeawareoftheimportanceofstudy.
13figure
(1)外形;體形;人影
Isawafigureinthedarkness.我看到暗處有一個(gè)人影。
(2)體態(tài);風(fēng)姿保持身材_keepfigure_______________
Shehasanattractivefigure.
她有迷人的曲線。
Shehasaslenderfigure.
她身材苗條。
(3)人物;名人
Hehasbecomeafigureknowntoeveryone.
他已成了一個(gè)知名人物。
(4)數(shù)字
Wheredidyougetthosefigures?
你從哪兒得到那些數(shù)字的?
(5)圖表;圖解;插圖
14distinguish---from
distinguish---betweenAandB
Translation:
一種高速發(fā)展的產(chǎn)業(yè)ahighlydevelopedindustry
對(duì)廣告的反應(yīng)reacttoadverstisements
作出明智的選擇makeinformeddecisions
一方面,另一方面ononehand,ontheotherhand
將產(chǎn)品與消費(fèi)者的需求聯(lián)系起來associatetheproductwithcustomer’sneeds
將信息闡述清楚getinformationacross
投合-------情感appealto-----emotions
考慮成本takethecostintoconsideration
擁有事實(shí)和數(shù)據(jù)武裝armedwithfactsandfigures
保持體形keepfigure
手拉手handinhand
負(fù)責(zé),掌管inchargeof
留心,注意-------keepaneyeoutfor
他因?yàn)榭荚囎鞅妆恢肛?zé)Hewasblamedforcheatingintheexam
辨別真?zhèn)蝑istinguishbeweenfictionandfacts
讓公眾了解社會(huì)問題和政府政策makepeopleawareofsocialproblemsandgovernmentpolicies
認(rèn)真思考,謹(jǐn)慎思考Step1Readingcomprehention
(1)Howdoesthelanguageusedinadsdifferfromordinarylanguages?
(2)Howdocompanieschoosenamesfortheirproducts?
(3)Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofusingastoryasanadvertisement?
(4)Whatisstrangeaboutthephrases“afreegift”and“anaddedbonus”
Step2Languagepoints
makesense
1mkesenseof
inasense某種程度上
eg:Themanagerhasgotagoodbusiness_____,sothecompanyisdoingwell.
AideaBsenseCthoughtDthinking
NomatterhowItriedtoread,thesentence_dosen’tmakesense_(我還是不懂這個(gè)句子)
Youarerightinasense_________butyoudon’tknowallaboutthefact.
2bargainfor/onsth期望;預(yù)備
bargainwithsbabout(over/for)sth與---討價(jià)還價(jià)
It’sabargain_便宜貨_____________
Abargainprice=atalowprice
Eg;Aftermuch_____,theshopowneragreeedtocutdownthepriceby20%.
AdebatingBtalkingCdisscussingDbargaining
3withthepurposeof_懷著_----的目的____________
onpurpose__故意地____________
4partly---andpartly----一方面----另一方面
我去那兒既是工作需要,有是為了娛樂
Iwenttherepartlyinbusinessandpartlyforpleasure.Education復(fù)習(xí)
Incertainareas,the“keyschool”concepthascomeunderfire.Indeed,thesuccessofthekeyelementaryandmiddleschoolshasbeenmeasuredtoooftensolelyintermsofthecollegeplacementofitsstudents,ratherthanonmoreobjectivemeasurementsoflearning.Furthermore,remnantsofthesamesortofelitismthatshutdownthekeyschoolsduringtheCulturalRevolutionhavere-emerged,leadingtoquestioningbyeducationauthorities.Nevertheless,thevastmajorityofstudentsgainingadmissiontoChina’scollegesanduniversitiesaregraduatesofkeyuppermiddleschools.Thus,keyschoolsarelikelytocontinuetothriveaslongastheyenjoythenearmonopolyofplacingstudentsincollege.
Finally,since1992,anewinformalcategoryofschoolshasemerged:theso-called“eliteschools.”Thesenon-governmentalschoolswithstate-of-the-artfacilitiesoftenchargeastronomicaltuitionfeesandcaterprimarilytochildrenofthenewandwealthyentrepreneurialclassinChina.“Eliteschools:existatalllevelsofeducation,fromkindergartenthroughhighereducation.(Formoreontheseschools,)
[點(diǎn)撥]:donate意思是givemoney、food、clothes、etc.tosb/sth譯為“捐贈(zèng)、贈(zèng)送”。常見短語:donatesth.tosb/sth
[點(diǎn)撥]:ofsth
[點(diǎn)撥]:despite介詞,意思是“不管、盡管、任憑”。注意固定短語:despiteoneself,譯為“盡管(自己)不愿意”
[點(diǎn)撥]:commonadj.“常見的;普遍的;通常的”、“共有的;共同的”
[點(diǎn)撥]:suggest此處為“暗示;表明”之意,故從句謂語動(dòng)詞未使用表現(xiàn)虛擬形式的should+動(dòng)詞原形。
[點(diǎn)撥]:selectv.“挑選、選拔”,todo