高中英語選修七教案

高二英語選修七Unit2Robots導(dǎo)學(xué)案。

高二英語選修七Unit2Robots導(dǎo)學(xué)單
導(dǎo)學(xué)單（一）單詞學(xué)習(xí)
一．Languagepoints（語言點(diǎn)）：
1.____________n.渴望,欲望。vt.想要，希望得到
你認(rèn)為Tony有自己的需求和欲望嗎？_____________________________________________
拓展：desiresth.渴望得到某物desiretodosth.希望/渴望做某事
desiresbtodosth=desirethatsb.(should)do要求…
我們都希望幸福健康。____________________________________________________________
他希望在珠寶店見到她。__________________________________________________________
他要求你馬上去見他。___________________________________________________________
=_________________________________________________________
辨析：desire屬正式用語,可代替wish和want,強(qiáng)調(diào)“主觀愿望的熱切性”,wish語氣比desire弱,一般用于“難以實(shí)現(xiàn)或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望”.hope表示實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大的希望.expect側(cè)重“期待，預(yù)期，指望”want多用于口語式普通場(chǎng)合。

2.___________n.滿意→________v.滿足,使?jié)M意→__________adj.滿意的,
________adj.令人滿意的[詞組]_____________________對(duì)…滿意

3.______________(詞組)考驗(yàn)；試驗(yàn)→____________________(被動(dòng))
在我買這臺(tái)電腦之前，我想要測(cè)試一下它。__________________________________________
它將由拉里的妻子克萊爾試驗(yàn)。___________________________________________________
拓展：testonsb./sth.在……(身上)做實(shí)驗(yàn)/試驗(yàn)have/takeatestin參加……考試
putout__________,breakout__________,carryout___________,figureout___________

4._______________n.同情,支持，贊同
克萊爾覺得，機(jī)器人向她表示同情，這有點(diǎn)荒謬可笑。
_______________________________________________________________________________
拓展：outofsympathy出于同情,feel/havesympathyfor/withsb.同情/贊同某人/某事，
她同情這些孩子。_______________________________________________________________
出于同情，他給了這些孩子一點(diǎn)錢。_______________________________________________
許多人贊同你的看法（views）。____________________________________________________www.lvshijia.net

5.______________vt.陪伴
拓展：accompanysb.toaplace陪伴某人去某地,accompanysb.indoingsth陪某人做某事
accompanysb.at/on為某人伴奏
上周，他陪他老父親去醫(yī)院。_______________________________________________________
Tony不被允許陪Claire去商店。___________________________________________________
明年我陪你去看海。_____________________________________________________________
你唱歌，我彈琴給你伴奏。______________________________________________________

6.____________(詞組)打電話給=callup.ringback=callback回電話
他一來我就給你打電話。______________________________________________________
如果你需要什么幫助給我打電話。______________________________________________
7.______________(詞組)轉(zhuǎn)向,轉(zhuǎn)身=turnround
當(dāng)老師一轉(zhuǎn)過身去，同學(xué)們開始竊竊私語。__________________________________________
她一轉(zhuǎn)過身去，就看到GladysClaffern站在那兒。___________________________________
拓展：turn______打開,turn_____關(guān)掉,turn____出現(xiàn)/調(diào)大(音量),
turn_______拒絕,調(diào)小(音量),turn_____結(jié)果是;證明是

8.____________vt.宣布,宣稱，聲明，表明。→_________________n
Tony說他不想離開她。____________________________________________________
拓展：declaresth.宣布…,declarethat+句子，declarewaron/upon對(duì)…宣戰(zhàn)，
declareagainst/for…聲明反對(duì)/贊成
朝鮮（NorthKorea）將對(duì)美國宣戰(zhàn)。_________________________________________________
美國政府聲明反對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。_____________________________________________________

9.___________vt.n.嫉妒,羨慕→__________________（被動(dòng)）被某人羨慕/嫉妒
拓展：envysb.(for)sth.妒忌/羨慕某人某物outofenvy出于嫉妒/羨慕
她一直嫉妒我的成功。_____________________________________________________________
Claire喜歡被其他女人羨慕。_______________________________________________________

10._______________(詞組)不管，不打擾，讓…一個(gè)人待著。
拓展：leaveout省去,遺漏,不考慮,leaveaside(把某事)擱置一邊,
leavebehind留下,遺留leavefor出發(fā)前往

11.________________(詞組)將……放在一邊;節(jié)省或保留(時(shí)間,金錢)
我父親放下報(bào)紙打開電視。________________________________________________________
你可以騰出點(diǎn)時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)英語嗎?___________________________________________________
我爸媽努力工作省下錢給我上大學(xué)。________________________________________________
拓展：set_____寫下,記下.set___創(chuàng)立，建立，搭起.set_____出發(fā)，著手做某事（todosth.）

12._________________(詞組)一定做…,負(fù)有…義務(wù)/責(zé)任。
吸煙肯定會(huì)影響你的健康。_______________________________________________________
我們錯(cuò)過了那趟車，我們肯定要遲到了。_____________________________________________
作為學(xué)生，我們有義務(wù)遵守學(xué)校校規(guī)。________________________________________________
二．課堂測(cè)試。復(fù)習(xí)單詞，完成以下練習(xí)：I.Completethefollowing:
1)satisfactionn._____________v.___________________________adj.令人滿足的______________adj.感到滿意的
2)declarev._____________n.
3)elegance_____________adj.
4)alarm__________adj.
5)重點(diǎn)詞組______________考驗(yàn)/____________打電話給/________________轉(zhuǎn)向/_________________不打擾/_______________將```放在一邊/_______________一定做…
II.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1)Wehada______mealtogetherlastSunday.Alltheguestsarevery______.(satisfaction)
2)Iwassleepingsoundlyintheearlymorningwhenatelephone_______meawake.Iwaseven______tohearthe______newsthatanotherbombinghadhitLondon.(alarm)
3)Thenewly-electedpresident_______hissupportfortheterrorists.Hemustberesponsibleforhis______.(declare)
III.把下列短語填入每個(gè)句子的空白處（注意所填短語的形式變化）：testoutringupturnaroundleave…alonesetaside
1.Squirrelsareconsideredtobegoodanimals,fortheycan_________nutsandfoodsinthetreesforwinteruse.
2.Youmay_______Mr.ChoweitheronSaturdayorSunday.Heisavailableattheweekend.
3.I_________andsuddenlyfoundmyChineseteacherstandingbehindme.
4.Ihopeyoujust________him_______.Heneedstimetohavearest.
5.Therobotisgoingtobe__________toseeifitcanreallydothehousework.
導(dǎo)學(xué)單（二）ReadingComprehension教學(xué)目標(biāo)：幫助學(xué)生更多地了解機(jī)器人及有關(guān)的科幻小說、小說家阿西莫夫及其文學(xué)作品。
ReadingComprehensionI
Thetextmainlytellsus_____.
A.whyClairefellinlovewithahumanbeing
B.whyarobotfellinlovewithahumanbeing
C.astoryaboutahouseholdrobotbeingtestedoutinafamily
D.thatarobotcansaveahumanbeingfromdanger
ReadingComprehensionII
1.Howmanycharactersarementioned?

2.Whoarethey?

3.Whatistherelationbetweenthem?

Charactersinthestory:
LarryBelmont:employedinacompany________________
Claire:___________wife,ahousewife
Tony:____________tobetestedoutbyClaireinherhouse
GladysClaffern:themostpowerfulwomenaround,awomanthatClaireenvies
ReadingComprehensionIII
Claire’sfeelingstowardsTonychangedasthestorydeveloped.FillintheoccasionswhenClairehadthesefeelings.
OccasionClaire
Beforehearrived_____________________________

Whenhearrived_____________________________

Whenheofferedtohelpherdress______________________________

Whenheofferedtohelpherimprove
herhouseandherself_____________________________

Whenhehelpedherwiththesalesman_________________________

Whenshefelloffaladderandwas
caughtbyTony___________________________

WhensheheardGladyswhispering
toanotherwomanthat___________________________

shehadneverseenanyonesohandsomeasTony________________

SherememberedTonywasjustamachine__________________________
ReadingComprehensionIVTrueorFalse
1.Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredarobottoaccompanyhiswife.
2.Clairedidn’tliketheideaatthebeginning,butsheagreedtoitatlast.
3.TonycouldunderstandClairewhenshesaidshewasnotclever.
4.WhenTonyofferedtohelpdressing,Clairewaspleasedtoacceptit.
5.ItwasClairethatfirstdecidedtoinviteGladysandherfriendstoherhouse.
6.Claire’sguestswerefilledwithadmirationwhentheysawherhousewascompletelychanged.
7.ThecompanywassatisfiedwithTony’sreportbecausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanfallinlovewithhim.
ReadingComprehensionV
Readthestoryagainandanswerthefollowingquestionsingroups.
1.WhydidTonyopenthecurtains?

2.WhatdidTonydotopreventClairefrombeingharmed?

3.WhydidTonyhavetoberebuilt?

4.HowwouldyoufeelifyouhadarobotlikeTonyinyourhouse?

5.ClairespentthreeweekswithTonyinherhouse.Whatsentencesinthestorshowthatshekeptforgettingandthenrememberingthathewasamachine?
ReadingComprehensionVI
Ingroups,listTony’scharacteristicsthatweresimilartoandthosethatweredifferentfromthoseofahumanbeing.
CharacteristicsSimilarDifferent

Physical

Mental

導(dǎo)學(xué)單（三）LanguagePonitsOfReading
教學(xué)目標(biāo)：掌握本課的重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語。
一．語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
1.testout試驗(yàn)；考驗(yàn)
Scientiststestouttheoriesbyexperiment.科學(xué)家靠實(shí)驗(yàn)檢驗(yàn)理論。
testvt.測(cè)驗(yàn)；檢驗(yàn)；試驗(yàn)；檢查
Theteachertestedthechildrenontheirhomework.老師就孩子們的家庭作業(yè)進(jìn)行檢查。
2.alarmn.
(1)awarningofdanger警報(bào)afirealarm
IraisedthealarmassoonasIsawwhatwashappening.
(2)fearcausedbytheexpectationofdanger恐慌
Ihopeyouwon’ttakealarmatthenews.
alarmv.
(1)givingawarning警告
Thenoticeboardalarmspeoplenottoswimintheriver.
(2)feelfearedorcauseanxiety恐慌
ThenewsthatH5N1hasspreadalarmedthenation.
alarmedadj.驚恐的,憂慮的alarmingadj.驚人的,嚇人的
Thenewsisreallyalarming.
3.accompanyv.
(1)togo/staywith
I’dlikeyoutoaccompanymetothesupermarket.
Whataccompanieshimisalwaysadog.
(2)toexistatthesametime和……一起發(fā)生
Lightningusuallyaccompaniesthunder.
4.declarevt.
(1)宣布；宣告；聲明+(that)tomakeknownformallyorofficially
ThenewCongressdeclaredastateofwarwithGermany.新的國會(huì)向德國宣戰(zhàn)了。
(2)宣稱；斷言+(that)
Theaccusedmandeclaredhimselfinnocent.被告聲稱他是無罪的。
IdeclaredatthemeetingthatIdidnotsupporthim.我在會(huì)上聲明我不支持他。
(3)申報(bào)(納稅品等)
Ihavenothingtodeclare.我沒什么要申報(bào)的。
辨析:declare與announce
declare宣告,宣布awayofexpressingoneself
Iwouldliketodeclaremyloveforyou.
announce宣布totellalotofpeople
IfIhaveabirthdayparty,Iwanttoannounceittomyfriends.
5.leave/let…alone/be不管/不打擾/不理會(huì)
I’vetoldyoutoleavemythingsalone.
Pleasedontleavemealoneinthedarkroom.
Letmebe,Iwantarest.
leave+賓語+補(bǔ)足語使……處于……狀態(tài)
Leavethedooropen.
6.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.當(dāng)她轉(zhuǎn)過身時(shí)，看到格拉迪斯克拉芬站在那兒。
①句中as意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)”，為從屬連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。通常強(qiáng)調(diào)“同一時(shí)間”或“一先一后”，如：
AsIwasgoingout,itbegantorain.
②主句“therestoodGladysClaffern”是由副詞there引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。

①as有時(shí)還有“隨著……”的意思，如：
Asspringwarmsthegoodearth,allflowersbegintobloom.
②由副詞there和here引導(dǎo)的倒裝句通常不用于人稱代詞即不說“Herecomeshe!”
而須說“Herehecomes!”但在對(duì)比情況下，人稱代詞則與連系動(dòng)詞be構(gòu)成倒裝句，如：
Therewashe,ontheplayground,whileIhadtostudy.
2.TheguestswouldbearrivingsoonandClairetoldTonytogointoanotherroom.
客人很快就要來了，克萊爾叫托尼去另一個(gè)間房。
句中用到過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)，由“would+be+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，表示在過去看來將來某一時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。它常和表示過去將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，但上下文清楚時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語可省略。和將來進(jìn)行時(shí)一樣，它也常表計(jì)劃中的事，不表意愿或打算。它還有一個(gè)特點(diǎn)，即常用在賓語從句(尤其是間接引語)中。
例如：
a.Mr.SmithneverrealizedthatsomedayhewouldbelivinginChina.
b.MarytoldusthatJackwouldbecomingnextSaturday.

過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)也可用于其他從句
中，如：IwouldpaytherestasIwouldbeleavingBeijing.(用在狀語從句中。)
也可用在獨(dú)立句中。
如：Thecarstarted.EllenGreenwouldbedrivingofftothecollege.
二．課堂檢測(cè)
I.Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperwords.
1.Theman’sparents_________(聲稱)thattheydidn’twanttoseehimagain.
2.Thegovernmentisa________bythedramaticincreaseinviolentcrime.
3.Hesentherpresentsinanattempttowinherf_______.
4.Tombegantosweepthepiecesofglassupintoa______(堆).
5.Shes________hisface,lookingforsignsofwhathewasthinking.
6.Ireally______(羨慕)youandyourwife—youseemsohappytogether.
7.—Ourvacationwastotallyruined.—Yes,definitely!Notonlywasthefoodterrible,butalsotheweatherwas　_______(糟透的).
8.Inmyopinion,yourideaisso________(荒謬的)thatIcan’thelplaughing.
9.Thewomanhasane________manner,butsheisextremelydifficulttoworkwith.
10.Someladiesthinktheyareo_________,sotheytryeverymeanstoloseweight
II.Completethefollowingsentenceswithoutchangingtheirmeanings.
1.Personallyspeaking,I’mfortheproposal.
Personallyspeaking,I’m_____________theproposal.
2.WouldyoulikemetogotothePeople’sParkwithyouthisweekend?
Wouldyoulikeme_________________tothePeople’sParkthisweekend?
3.Yourfatherisbusyathisdesk,soyou’dbetternotbotherhim.
Yourfatherisbusyathisdesk,soyou’dbetter________________.
III.Translation.
1.Itwasgoing_______________(由……來測(cè)試)byLarry’swife,Claire.
2.Clairethoughtitwasridiculous____________________(表示同情)byarobot.
3.Howawful_______________(被發(fā)現(xiàn))byher,Clairethought.
4.ButeventhoughTonyhadbeensoclever,hewould_________________(作一番改建).
5.Sheweakened_________________________(隨著病情的加重).(as)
6.Shesaid_________________________(她將早點(diǎn)出發(fā))inordertoavoidtheheavytraffic.
7.Lastevening___________________________(一位老朋友打電話給我)whomIhadnotheardofforyears.
8._______________(我一轉(zhuǎn)身)andsawJanewassittingdirectlybehindme.

Grammar導(dǎo)學(xué)單（四）

教學(xué)目標(biāo)：復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)。各種時(shí)態(tài)下被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法。能辨別被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)。
Lookatthefollowingsentences,payingattentiontotheunderlinedpart.
1.Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.
2.Theforeignguestsweregivenawarmwelcomebythechildren.
3.Nuclearenergyhasbeenusedtoproduceelectricitybyus.
4.Severalbigmodernpowerplantswillbebuiltinourcitynextyear.
5.Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.
6.MybikeisbeingrepairedbyTomnow
DiscoveringusefulstructuresGooverthepassivevoice
be+V+-ed/-en/-t
Myhamburgerwaseatenbythedog.
Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.
使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)的情況
1.我們不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰的時(shí)候(這時(shí)不帶by引起的短語)。
PrintingwasintroducedtoEuropefromChina.(省略了by短語。)
Look!Thereisnothinghere.Everythinghasbeentakenaway.(省略了by短語。)
2.當(dāng)我們出于禮貌、措辭委婉等方面考慮不愿說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰時(shí)。
Youarerequestedtogiveaperformance.
Youarecordially(誠摯地)invitedtoapartytobegivenattheTeachersClubat3p.m.Nov.23.
3.當(dāng)我們強(qiáng)調(diào)或興趣在動(dòng)作的承受時(shí)(這時(shí)可帶by引起的短語)。
Thesongwascomposed(組成;寫作)byastudent.
Agoodtimewashadbyall.
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動(dòng)語態(tài)由be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時(shí)態(tài)的變化而變化。以give為例，各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式為：
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+given
ThefirstsectionofNewCollegeEnglishisdesignedforspeakingpracticeandisbasedonpicturesandtopics.
一般過去時(shí)：was/were+given
Thesecomputersweremadeinourowncountry.
一般將來時(shí)：will/shallbe+given
Shallwebeaskedtoattendtheopeningceremony?
過去將來時(shí)：wouldbe+given
Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldiersmotherassoonasitarrived.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：am/is/arebeing+given　
Treesarebeingplantedovertherebythem.
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：was/werebeing+given
Thefeastwasbeingpreparedwhenthebirdsarrivedinthesky.
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/hasbeen+given
Swiftprogresshasalsobeenmadeincultureandeducation.
過去完成時(shí)：hadbeen+given
ThehugebridgehadbeendamagedbeforetheWorldWarII.
將來完成時(shí)：will/shallhavebeen+given
Thebookwillhavebeenpublishedbytheendofnextmonth.
含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞
Thisproblemcanbesolved.
What’sdonecannotbeundone.
GeorgemightbesenttoAmericabyhiscompanyinAugust.
類似結(jié)構(gòu)（begoingto,haveto等）變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)：
Thisroomisgoingtobepaintednextweek.
Goaway!Iwanttobeleftalone.
一些特殊的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
1.有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語(指人的賓語）。
Theydidn’tofferAnnthejob.
Annwasn’tofferedthejob.
2.在使役動(dòng)詞have,make,get以及感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加to。
Theymakehercleanthefloor.Sheismadetocleanthefloorbythem.
3.It+be+過去分詞+that從句(=主語+be+過去分詞+todosth.)
表示：據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道/據(jù)悉/據(jù)信等……
Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.
Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.
4.動(dòng)詞get代替be。(get往往用在口語中。)
Therewasafightatthepub,butfortunatelynobodygot(=was)hurt.
get+done同be+done的區(qū)別：
getdone往往表示行為不是計(jì)劃之中，而是意外發(fā)生的。如：
Thedoggotrunoverbyacar.
不可以變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)
1.某些感官動(dòng)詞加形容詞及少數(shù)其他的動(dòng)詞可以表示被動(dòng)意義。
cook,smell,taste,wash,write,shut,prove,sell,read,write
.Thedishtastesdelicious.
Thetheoryprovedrightatlast.
.Thebookissointerestingthatitsellswell.
“sells”此處為不及物動(dòng)詞“銷售起來;有銷路”的意思；作及物動(dòng)詞為“賣;出售”
Thiskindofclothwasheswell.(耐洗)
2.need+V-ing表示“主語承受動(dòng)詞發(fā)出的動(dòng)作”，表示被動(dòng)意義。
我的車需要修理。Mycarneedsrepairing(=toberepaired).
3.某些表示狀態(tài)或者特征的及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。這類動(dòng)詞常見的有：
beg,equal,fail,hold,possess,fit，become,contain,cost,have,lack,resemble(相似),suit等。
ThisnewEnglish-Chinesedictionarycostmetendollars.
4.通常只有及物動(dòng)詞（組）才有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞沒有。
如：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)了。
可以說：Thewarbrokeout.但不能說：Thewarwasbrokeout.
被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別
“be+過去分詞”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)并不都是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，也可能是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)主要區(qū)別是：被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作，而系表結(jié)構(gòu)表示主語的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài)，試比較下面的句子：
被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)Theenemywassoonsurroundedbyus.
系表結(jié)構(gòu)Thehouseissurroundedbytrees.
被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)Shewasbittenbythedoginthedarkness.
系表結(jié)構(gòu)Iwasexcitedbythenewsthatmyhusbandgotpromoted.

課堂檢測(cè)
1.OldMcDonaldgaveupsmokingforawhile,butsoon_____tohisoldways.
A.returnedB.returnsC.wasreturningD.hadreturned
2.Insomepartsoftheworld,tea_____withmilkandsugar.
A.isservingB.isservedC.servesD.served
3.Thenewdictionariesareveryuseful.They____welland______already.
A.sell,havebeensoldoutB.sold,hadsoldout
C.sell,selloutD.aresold,havebeensoldout
4.Thetrain____arriveat11:30,butitwasanhourlate.
A.wasabouttoB.waslikelytoC.wassupposedtoD.wascertainto
5.Thisdictionarymustn’t____fromthelibrary.
A.takeawayB.takenawayC.aretakenawayD.betakenaway
6.Myshoes_____.Iwentoutforanewpair.
A.iswornoutB.woreoutC.werewornoffD.werewornout
7.Thatkindofshirts_______cotton.
A.ismadefromB.aremadefromC.ismadeofD.aremadeof
8.Rice______inSouthChina.
A.growingB.isgrownC.aregrownD.isgrow
9.Allthepreparationsforthetask______,andwe’rereadytostart.
A.completedB.CompleteC.hadbeencompletedD.havebeencompleted
10.Theteachertoldhisstudentsthatthey____tobeusefulmentothecountry.
A.wereallexpectedB.wereallexpectingC.allwereexpectedD.allexpected
11.Someofthehotelsinmyhometown_______.　
A.havenowbeenrebuildingB.arenowrebuilding
C.arenowbeingrebuiltD.arerebuiltnow
用被動(dòng)語態(tài)改換下列各句。
1.Myfatherwillrepairmybikeforme.
Mybike_______________bymyfatherforme.
2.Ihavefoundmywallet.
Mywallet________________________.
3.Shetoldmetowaithereforher.
I__________________towaithereforher.
4.Thepolicewillsurelyarrestthemurderer.
Themurderer____________________bythepolice.
5.TheyinvitedMr.Greentomakeaspeech.
Mr.Green____________________tomakeaspeech.
6.Thestudentscleantheirclassroomeveryday.
Theirclassroom_________________bythestudentseveryday.

UsingLanguage導(dǎo)學(xué)單（五）
Reading:
一．Fastreading:
1.What’sthemainideaofthetext?
(IntroductionafamousAmericansciencefictionwriterIssacAsimov’slifeandworks.)
2HowmanyyearsdidIssacAsimovworkinstore?(d)
A5B9C11D13
3.WhowasIssacAsimov?(c)
A.AnAmericanscientistandwriterwhogothisPhDinphysicsin1948.
B.AnRussianscientistandwriterwhomarriedtwice.
C.AnRussian-Americanscientistandwriterwhobecameafulltimewriterin1958.
D.AnAmerican-Russianscientistandwriterwhohad2children.
4.Inwhichbookdidhedevelopasetofthreelaws?(b)
A.TheFoundationTrilogyB.I,Robot
C.InhisfirstnovelD.Inhisfirstsciencebook.
5.WhatwasAsimovbestknownfor?(b)
A.Hismysterystories.B.Hissciencefictionstories.
C.Hisscienceandhistorybooks.
D.HisbooksabouttheBibleandaboutShakespeare.
6..Allthefollowingsaretrueexcept_____.(a)
A.Asimov’stalentforwritingwasn’tobviouswhenhewasyoung.
B.Hebeganhavinghisstoriespublishedinsciencemagazinein1939.
C.Hepublishedhisfirstnovelin1950.
D.Hepublishedhisfirstsciencebookin1953.
7.WhatmighthappeninaworldwheretherewererobotsifAsimov’sthreelawsdidn’texist?(d)
A.Mayberobotswillharmorinjurehumanbeings.
B.Mayberobotswilldisobeyhumanbeings.
C.Inordertoprotecttheirownexistence,robotsmayinjurehumanbeings.
D.Alloftheabove.
8WhycouldIssacAsimovbecomeawriter?(c)
AAfriendofhismadehimawriter
BHisparentswantedhimtobeawriter
CHehadthetalentforwriting
DHehadsomanyexperiencesinhislife.
9WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?(c)
AIssacAsimovdidn’tpublishbooksuntilhebecameafulltimewriter.
BIssacAsimov’sideasaboutrobotscompletelyinfluencedscientistsresearchingintoartificialintelligence
CRobotsshouldprotecthumanbeingsin“I,robot.”
DIssacAsimovwrotesomefamousplaysaboutShakespeare.
二．Carefulreading:
ReadaboutIsaacAsimovandcompletethetimelineoftheeventsinhislife.
DateEvent
_1920____BorninRussia.
_1922__________Sisterborn___.
__1923________MovedwithfamilytoNewYork___StartedworkinginacandystoreParentsboughtacandystore.
__1929____startedworkingincandystore__________________________.
Motherhadherthirdchild.
___1931_Startedtotakehimselfseriouslyasawriter.
1939______Beganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazines_____________________________
_1941_________Gainedmaster’sdegreeinchemistry______________________________.
____1942__________Finishedworkinginthecandystore
___Gotmarried_____________________________
__1942-1945______Workedasjuniorchemist,PhiladelphiaNavyYard____
_1948______GotPhDinchemistry
___1949____Becameabiochemistryteacher,BostonUniversitySchoolofMedicine.
__1950____Publishedhisfirstnovel.
___PublishedI,Robot.____.Developedthreelawsforrobots.

1951-1953Published“TheFoundationTrilogy”and
wonanawardforit.
_1953____Publishedfirstsciencebook
1958_____Becameafull-timewriter.
_1973_______Divorcedhisfirstwife.
__Marriedforasecondtime________________________.
_1983____Hadabloodtransfusion.Becameinfected
withHIV.
1992_DiedinNewYork_______________________
三．課后檢測(cè)
Ⅰ.Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperwords.
1.Badcustomsandlawsoughttobeanowbecausetheyaren’tsuitableforoursociety.
2.ThePrimeMinisterwasforcedtorbecausehedidn’ttakeeffectivemeasurestosolvetheproblem.
3.Whenitcomesto(政治),Iknownothing.
4.AwarwasfoughtintheUnitedStatesinthe19thcenturytoliberateblackpeoplefrom
(奴隸制).
5.PeterisveryinterestedinChinese(文學(xué))andwantstoworkinChinaaftergraduation.
Ⅱ.Completethefollowingsentenceswithoutchangingtheirmeanings.
1.Itisknownthatlow-carbonlifestyleisofgreatbenefittoimprovingtheworldenvironment.
Itisknownthatlow-carbonlifestyleisimprovingtheworldenvironment.
2.Ihavechangedmymind;thatistosay,Ihavedecidedtoacceptthispositioninyourdepartment.
Ihavechangedmymind;,Ihavedecidedtoacceptthispositioninyourdepartment.
3.Lucyhasherownshortcomings,but,inshort,sheisagoodhelper.
Lucyhasherownshortcomings,but,,sheisagoodhelper.
Ⅲ.Completethefollowingsentenceswithproperwords.
1.It’sanicehouseandit’shforthestation.
2.Youwillmakeagreatpbysellingthehousenow;ifyouwait,thepricemaygodown.
3.Bitterlydisappointed,Scotsandhis(同伴)setoutonthereturnjourney.
4.Jackgottwo(證書)atuniversitybyworkinghard.
5.Thechurch,designedbytwoItalian(建筑師)onehundredyearsago,isstillingoodcondition.

延伸閱讀

選修七英語Unit2Robots

Unit2Robots

一、語言要點(diǎn)

I單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）

詞匯

部分

詞語

辨析

1.desire/wish/hope/expect/want/longfor

2.assess/access3.victory/success/conquest/triumph

詞形

變化

1.satisfactionn.滿意

satisfyv.使?jié)M意

satisfyingadj.令人滿足的

satisfiedadj.感到滿意的

2.alarmedadj.感到驚嚇的

alarmv.n.n.警報(bào)vt.恐嚇,警告

3.declarev.斷言，宣稱

declarationn.宣布，宣言，聲明

重點(diǎn)

單詞

1.desiren.渴望vt.想要

2.satisfactionn.滿意

3.alarmn.警報(bào)vt.使```驚恐

4.sympathyn.同情

5.accompanyvt.陪伴

6.declarevt.宣布

7.envyvt.嫉妒

8.junioradj.較年幼的

9.divorcen.離婚vt.與```離婚

重點(diǎn)

詞組

testout考驗(yàn)ringup打電話給turnaround轉(zhuǎn)向

leave…alone不打擾setaside將```放在一邊beboundto一定做……

重點(diǎn)句型

1.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.

2.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.

3.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.

重點(diǎn)語法

復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)（包括動(dòng)詞不定式）（I）(見語法專題)

II詞語辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1).desire/wish/hope/expect/want/longfor

desire屬正式用語,可代替wish和want,強(qiáng)調(diào)“主觀愿望的熱切性”,含有“強(qiáng)烈希望做某事”的意思,

wish語氣比desire弱,一般用于“難以實(shí)現(xiàn)或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望”,指“希望”、“愿”、“想”

hope表示實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大的希望

expect側(cè)重“期待，預(yù)期，指望”

want多用于口語式普通場(chǎng)合,指“想”、“要”或“需要”,表示“偏愛、選擇”或“需要、熱愛”

longfor表“希望，渴望”

選擇desire/wish/hope/expect/want或longfor并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>1)I_______Icouldhaveanewcar.

2)I_____adictionaryatthepresenttime.

3)Hemanagedtogetthebookhe______finally.

4)I______animmediateanswerofyours.

5)personally,ourcityteamhasbetterplayersandI______themtowin

6)Hehasbeenworkingabroadforyears,andis_______tocomebackandseehisfamilyverymuch.

Keys:1)wish2)want3)desired4)desire/expect/want5)expect6)longing

2).assess/access

assessvt.估定,評(píng)定。

accessn.通路,訪問,入門

選擇assess或access，并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>1)Damagesinthegreatearthquakewere______atseveralhundredbillion.

2)Onlypersonswithapermithas______totherestrictedarea;

Keys:1)assessed2)access

3)victory/success/conquest/triumph

victory指“在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、競(jìng)賽、斗爭(zhēng)中獲勝”,并有“擊敗對(duì)方或敵人”的含義

success對(duì)預(yù)期的、計(jì)劃的、嘗試的事物的目標(biāo)達(dá)到

conquest指“征服某國或某民族,從而使之處于被支配地位的勝利或戰(zhàn)勝”

triumph指“輝煌或徹底的勝利或成功”

選擇victory/success/conquest或triumph并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>1)Theywona______inbattle.找教案//

2)Thegeneralwithhissoldiersreturnedhomein_______

3)Aftertheseriousbomb,theysucceededinthe______ofthatcity.

4)Theconferencewasa_______.

Keys:1)victory2)triumph3)conquest4)success

III詞性變化（旨在提供語法填空所需材料）

1.satisfactionn.滿意

satisfyv.使?jié)M意

satisfyingadj.令人滿足的

satisfiedadj.感到滿意的

2.alarmedadj.感到驚嚇的

alarmn.警報(bào)vt.恐嚇,警告

3.declarev.斷言，宣稱

declarationn.宣布，宣言，聲明

根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1)Wehada______mealtogetherlastSunday.Alltheguestsarevery______.(satisfaction)

2)Iwassleepingsoundlyintheearlymorningwhenatelephone_______meawake.Iwaseven______tohearthe______newsthatanotherbombinghadhitLondon.(alarm)

3)What______thewomenmostwasthatwhentheyweretalkingaboutthe_______newaboutthegirl,shebecameso_______thatsheranawayassoonassheheardthis.(embarrass)

4)Thenewly-electedpresident_______hissupportfortheterrorists.Hemustberesponsibleforhis______.(declare)

5)He______tohisfriendswhyhewaslatebutnoneofthemthoughthis_______believable.(explain)

keys:1.satisfying;satisfied2.alarmed;alarmed;alarming3.embarrassed;embarrassing;embarrassed4.declared;declaration5.explained;explanation

IV重點(diǎn)詞匯（旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）

1.desiren.渴望vt.想要

[重點(diǎn)用法]

desiresth.渴望得到某物

desiretodosth.希望/渴望做某事

desirethatsb.(should)do要求……

haveadesireforsth./todosth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事

atone’sdesire照某人的希望

[典例]

1)Wealldesirehappinessandhealth.我們都希望幸福健康。

2)Everyonehasadesireforsuccess,butnoeveryonedesiretogetrich.每個(gè)人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金錢。

3)Hedesiresyoutogotoseehimatonce.他要求你馬上去見他。

=hedesiresthatyoushouldgotoseehimatonce.

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)他想受到大學(xué)教育。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)他們要我快點(diǎn)回來。

___________________________________________________________________________________

3)我請(qǐng)他立即回信。

___________________________________________________________________________________

4)她要你立即見她。

___________________________________________________________________________________

5)她應(yīng)邀演奏了一曲。

Keys:1)Hedesiredacollegeeducation.2)Theydesiremetoreturnsoon.3)Idesireanimmediateanswerofhis.4)Shedesiresthatyou(should)seeheratonce.5)Sheplayedapieceatothers’desire/bydesire.2.satisfactionn.滿意

[重點(diǎn)用法]

satisfactoryn.滿意的,

satisfyv.滿足,使?jié)M意,

demandsatisfaction要求賠償;

feelsatisfactionat...對(duì)感到滿意

findsatisfactionin對(duì)...感到滿意

tosb.ssatisfaction(tothesatisfactionofsb.)達(dá)到使某人滿意的程度

withsatisfaction滿意地

[典例]

1)Atlast,thewholeclassfoundsatisfactionintheirwork.最終,全班都對(duì)他們的工作感到滿意。

2)Whathepromisedcouldnotsatisfyhisfamily.他的許諾并未能使他的家人滿意。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)買到想要的東西，她滿意地離開了超市。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)他的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果似乎令人滿意。

___________________________________________________________________________________

3)這些條件中你至少要符合一項(xiàng)，否則就不能成為本俱樂部的會(huì)員。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Havingboughtwhatshewanted,sheleftthesupermarketwithsatisfaction.2)Theresultofhistestseemedtobesatisfactory.3)Ifyoudon’tsatisfyatleastoneoftheconditions,youcan’tbecomeamemberofourclub.3.alarmn.警報(bào)vt.使```驚恐

[重點(diǎn)用法]

give/raisethealarm發(fā)警報(bào)

ringthealarm敲警鐘

soundthealarm發(fā)警報(bào);吹警報(bào)號(hào)

take(the)alarmat對(duì)...感到吃驚;因...而驚恐

bealarmedat...被...嚇一跳

[典例]找教案//

1)Weweremuchalarmedbythefireintheforest.森林失火使我們大為驚慌。

2)Assoonashesawthesmoke,hesoundedthealarm.看見火災(zāi)爆發(fā)，他鳴響了警報(bào)。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)看到孩子們?cè)诜敌r(shí)遭遇車禍的消息，家長(zhǎng)們感到很害怕。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2）看到大火，社區(qū)的居民發(fā)出警報(bào)。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Theparentstookthealarmatthenewsthattheirchildrencaughtatrafficaccidencewhenretuningtheschool.2)Theresidentsinthecommunityraisedthealarmwhenseeingthegreatfire.4.sympathyn.同情

[重點(diǎn)用法]

feel/havesympathyfor同情某人

insympathywith同情;贊成;和...一致

outofsympathywith對(duì)...不同情;不贊成;對(duì)...沒有同感,和...不一致

winsympathyof博得...的同情

[典例]

1)Hegavethepoorchildsomemoneyoutofsympathy.出于同情，他給了這個(gè)窮孩子一點(diǎn)錢。

2)Heisinsympathywiththeirbeliefs.他與他們的信仰一致.

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)聽完這個(gè)故事，他對(duì)她目前的情況深感同情。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)通過描述他悲慘的童年，他贏得路人的同情。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Afterhearingthestory,hefeltsympathyforherpresentsituation.2)Hewonthesympathyofpassers-bybydescribinghismiserablechildhood.5.accompanyvt.陪伴

[重點(diǎn)用法]

accompanysb.toaplace陪伴某人去某地

accompanysth.with/bysth.與…同時(shí)存在

[典例]

1)Heaccompaniedhisoldfathertothehospitaltoseewhat’swrongwithhisstomach.他陪他的老父親去醫(yī)院查看胃部出了什么問題。

2)Thundersaccompaniedbyheavyraininthisseasonareverycommon.這個(gè)季節(jié)，雷鳴常常伴有大雨。[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)總統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)了被六個(gè)健壯的保鏢護(hù)隨著。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)回到家鄉(xiāng)，他的老同學(xué)們陪著他參觀了這個(gè)城市。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thepresidentappearedandwasaccompaniedbysixstrongbodyguards.2)Whenretuninghometown,hewasshownaroundthecityaccompaniedbyhisoldclassmates.6.declarevt.宣布

[重點(diǎn)用法]

declaresth.宣布……

declaresb./sth.(tobe)+n./adj.宣布……為……

declarethat

declarewaron/upon對(duì)…宣戰(zhàn)

declareagainst/for…聲明反對(duì)/贊成

[典例]

1)Shedeclaredthatshedidntwanttoseehimagain.她宣稱她再也不愿見到他。

2)Soontheywilldeclarehimtheownerofthehouse.很快他們就會(huì)宣布他為房子的主人。

3)Thegovernmentpassedalawthatdeclareditillegaltocatchandsellthiskindofanimals.

政府通過法律宣布捕捉販賣這種動(dòng)物是非法的。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)那個(gè)女明星最近宣稱要嫁給一個(gè)富人然后退出舞臺(tái)。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)公司宣布老板的兒子依法成為公司繼承人。

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thepopularactressdeclaredrecentlythatshewouldmarryarichgentlemanandretirefromthestage.2)Thecompanydeclaredthesonofthebosstobethesuccessorbylaw.7.envyvt.嫉妒

[重點(diǎn)用法]

envysb.sth.妒忌/羨慕某人某物

becometheenvyofsb.成為令人嫉妒/羨慕的事物

beinenvyofone’ssuccess羨慕某人的成功

outofenvy出于嫉妒/羨慕

[典例]

1)Allherworkmatesenviedher(for)herpromotion.所有的同事都羨慕她的晉升。

2)Histalentformusicbecomestheenvyoftheothercompetitors.他在音樂方面的天分讓其他人對(duì)手感到羨慕。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)他們的新房子受到鄰居的羨慕。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2)出于妒忌，他作了偽證

___________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Theirnewhousemadethemtheenvyoftheirneighbors.2)Hemadethefaultwitnessoutofenvy.

V重點(diǎn)詞組（旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）

1.testout考驗(yàn)；試驗(yàn)

[典例]

1)Thismodelhadbeentestedoutbeforeitwasputintoproduction.這個(gè)型號(hào)經(jīng)過試驗(yàn)后才進(jìn)行大批量生產(chǎn)。

2)Beforethelecture,theprofessorisusedtotestingoutthewholeexperiment.上課前，這個(gè)教授習(xí)慣先將整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)試驗(yàn)一番。

[短語歸納]

testonsb./sth.在……(身上)做實(shí)驗(yàn)/試驗(yàn)

have/takeatestin參加……考試找教案//

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)成千上萬的人們將參加這周日的公務(wù)員考試。

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2)那個(gè)咨詢顧問習(xí)慣先將新的政策在他自己的公司里進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。

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Keys:1)TensofthousandsofpeoplewilltakeanentrancetestforgovernmentofficersthisSunday.2)Theconsultantwouldtestthenewpolicyonhisowncompanyfirst.2.ringup打電話給……

[短語歸納]

ringback回電話

ringoff掛斷電話;停止講話

ringabell喚醒經(jīng)常是模糊的記憶

ringupthecurtain開始：開始一場(chǎng)演出，一個(gè)事件或一次行動(dòng)

[典例]

1)Ihavetoringoffnowbecausemyfriendiswaitingforme.我朋友在等我，我得掛電話了。

2)Onarrivingattheairport,heranguphismothertosayeverythingwasok.一到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)，他就打電話給他母親報(bào)平安。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)今早他剛起床就有人給他打電話了。

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2)見到老板進(jìn)來，他趕緊掛斷電話假裝在工作。

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Keys:1)Themomenthegotupthismorning,someoneranghimup.2)Seeinghisbosscoming,hehurriedtoringoffandpretendedtobeworking.3.turnaround轉(zhuǎn)向

[典例]

1)Heheardavoicebutwhenheturnedaround,hesawnobody.他聽到聲音，但轉(zhuǎn)身卻沒發(fā)現(xiàn)有人。

2)Ashewalkedtowardsthehotel,hesuddenlyturnedaroundandfoundanoldladyfollowinghim.當(dāng)他朝旅館走去時(shí)，突然轉(zhuǎn)身發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)老婦人跟著他。

[短語歸納]

turnaway把(臉)轉(zhuǎn)過去

turnagainst背叛,反抗

turnon/off打開/關(guān)掉

turnup出現(xiàn)/調(diào)大(音量)

turndown拒絕,調(diào)小(音量)

turnout結(jié)果是;證明是;

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)那年輕的女士無法想象要是她的丈夫背叛她的話會(huì)是怎么樣。

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2)雖然貧窮，但是女孩毅然地拒絕了別人的幫助。

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Keys:1)Theyoungladycannotimaginewhatifherhusbandturnsagainsther.2)Thoughpoor,thegirlturneddownothers’helpfirmly.4.leave…alone不打擾

[短語歸納]

leavebehind留下,遺留

leaveaside(把某事)擱置一邊

leavefor出發(fā)前往

leaveout省去,遺漏,不考慮

[典例]

1)Leavehimaloneandhewillproduce.別打擾他，他會(huì)寫出來的。

2)Hewasaskedtoleaveforanothercityin24hours.他被要求24小時(shí)內(nèi)離開到另一個(gè)城市去。

3)Theteacherrequiredustoleaveoutsomeunnecessarywordsinouressays.老師讓我們將論文中不必要的詞語省去。

4)Youshouldn’thaveleftAndyaloneinthemountains;itwasverydangerous.你不該將Andy留在山上，因?yàn)槟欠浅ＮｋU(xiǎn)。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)老板捐款潛逃了，只留下一間空廠房。

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2)聽到警報(bào)，警察丟下家人沖出去看發(fā)生了什么事。

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Keys:1)Thebossescapedwithallhisfortuneandleftanemptyfactorybehind.2)Hearingthealarm,thepolicemanlefthisfamilybehindandrushedouttoseewhathappened.5.setaside將……放在一邊;節(jié)省或保留(時(shí)間,金錢)

[短語歸納]

setdown寫下,記下

setoff開始動(dòng)身(foraplace)

setup創(chuàng)立，建立，搭起

setout出發(fā)，著手做某事（todosth.）

setaboutdoing著手做，開始做……

[典例]

1)Wouldyoupleasesetasidesometimetolistentomyrealidea?你可以騰出點(diǎn)時(shí)間聽聽我的想法嗎?

2)Thedepartmentsetasidethethingstheyweredoingandconcentratedonamoreurgenttask.這個(gè)部門的成員放下手頭的事情,全力以赴一項(xiàng)更緊急的任務(wù).

[練習(xí)]漢譯英找教案//

1)父親放下報(bào)紙點(diǎn)了一支煙。

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2)他努力工作省下錢給他兒子上大學(xué)。

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Keys:1)Fathersetasidethenewspaperandlitacigarette.2)Heisworkinghardtosetasidesomemoneyforhissontogotocollege.6.beboundto一定做……

[典例]

1)Wemissedthebus.Wereboundtobelate.我們錯(cuò)過了那趟車，我們肯定要遲到了。

2)Shesboundtobemayor.她注定會(huì)成為市長(zhǎng)。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1）他那么用功，一定會(huì)成功的。

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2）這項(xiàng)新發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于人類必定大有用處。

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Keys:1)Withmuchhardwork,heisboundtosucceed.2)Thenewdiscoveryisboundtobeofgreatservicetomankind.

VI重點(diǎn)句子（旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）

1.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.

克萊爾并不想把機(jī)器人留在家里，特別是在她丈夫離加三周的這個(gè)期間。但是，克萊爾被拉里說服了。他說，機(jī)器人不會(huì)傷害她，也不會(huì)讓別人來傷害她。

[解釋]tobeharmed：動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

[典例]

1)AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas.所有的這些禮物必須及時(shí)郵寄，以便在圣誕節(jié)及時(shí)收到。

2)ItremainstobeseenwhetherJim’llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.吉姆最后是否適合演出仍將拭目以待。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)小湯姆假裝被射中了哭喊著要糖吃。2)此藥得一日三次，飯后服用。

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Keys:1)LittleTompretendedtobeshotandcriedforacandy.2)Themedicineisrequiredtobetakenthreetimesadayaftermeals.2.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.當(dāng)他轉(zhuǎn)過身時(shí)，（她發(fā)現(xiàn)）Gladys站在那兒。

[解釋]therestoodGladysClaffern倒裝句。在謂語為動(dòng)詞go,come,run,stand,live等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞及be動(dòng)詞的句子中,為了強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中一些副詞there,here,up,down,in,out,away等，可將副詞置于句首，若這時(shí)主語是名詞，句子用全倒裝；若是代詞，則不用倒裝。

[典例]

1)Therecomestheteacherandherstudents.老師和她的學(xué)生們來了。

2)Outrushedtheboys.男孩們沖了出去。找教案//

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)年輕的母親抱著手里兩個(gè)月大的嬰兒跑開了。

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2)走進(jìn)來了生氣的老板和他的秘書。

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Keys:1)Awayranthemotherwithatwo-month-oldbabyinherarms.2)Incametheangrybossandhissecretary.3.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.1939年，阿西莫夫開始在科幻雜志上發(fā)表文章。

[解釋]

havesth.done表示“請(qǐng)某人做某事”，或“遭遇到某事”(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系)

havesb.do讓某人做……

havesb./sth.doing讓……不停地做……

[典例]

1)Wehadourphototakenbyapasser-by.我們請(qǐng)了個(gè)過路人給我們照相。

2)Becareful.It’seasytohaveyourpocketpickedinacrowdlikethis.小心點(diǎn)，在這樣的人群中容易被偷。

3)Thecoachhasusdoingthesamethingallday.It’sboring.教練讓我們整天做同樣的事情，真乏味

4)Asyouhaveneverbeentherebefore,I’llhavesomeoneshowyoutheway.既然你以前沒去過，那我找人帶你去。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)與對(duì)手角逐時(shí)，他大腿受傷了不得不放棄比賽。

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2)殘忍的老板讓他的工人們整天工作。

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3)班主任讓班長(zhǎng)他不在時(shí)管理班級(jí)。

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Keys:1)Whenstrugglingwiththecompetitor,hehadhislegbrokenandhadtogiveupthematch.2)Thecruelbosshadhisemployeesworkingallthemorning.3)Theheadteacherhadthemonitormanagethewholeclasswhenhewasabsence.二、課文要點(diǎn)

1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）

根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：

Arobotusedforhouseworkwastested1inafamily.Helookedlikeatallandhandsomemanwithsmoothblackhair,2(speak)inadeepvoice.Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredsucharobotto3（陪伴）hiswifeClaire.Clairedidn’tliketheideaatthebeginning,butshe4toitatlast.AtthefirstsightofTony,Clairefeltembarrassed.5（漸漸地）,TonybegantowinClaire’strust.HehelpedClairerealizeherdreams6makingherhomeelegant,givingheranewhaircut,changingthemakeupsheworeandgivingheradviceonherdresses.Thereforeatthepartyallsheguests7wereinvitedwerefilledwithadmiration8theysawherhousewascompletelychanged.9thetest,thecompanywassatisfiedwithTony’sreportbecausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanregainherconfidence10fallinlovewithhim.答案：1.out2.speaking3.accompany4.agreed5.Gradually6.by7.who

8.when9.After10.and2課文大意概括（旨在訓(xùn)練用30個(gè)單詞概括大意的能力）

閱讀課文，試著用30個(gè)單詞概括課文大意，再比較答案

在Clair家接受測(cè)試的機(jī)器人Tony能幫上她很多忙。Clair漸漸地愛上了他因?yàn)樗侨绱送昝赖囊粋€(gè)人。這使得這個(gè)機(jī)器人不得不再重新組裝。

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答案：Tony,arobotwhichwastestedoutinClair’sfamilycouldhelpedClairealot.ClairegraduallyfellinlovewithTonybecausehewassuchaperfectman,whichcausedtherobottoberebuilt.3課文佳句背誦與仿寫（旨在培養(yǎng)對(duì)難句的理解和運(yùn)用能力）

1.Hewastallandhandsomewithsmoothhairandadeepvoicealthoughhisfacialexpressionneverchanged.

他雖然面部表情毫無變化，但是個(gè)子高大、相貌英俊，頭發(fā)平整，聲音低沉渾厚。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]描寫人物時(shí)使用多種修飾語

她是個(gè)善良可愛的小姑娘園園的臉，大大的眼睛，雪白的牙齒，留著波浪般的長(zhǎng)發(fā)

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答案：Sheisakindandlovelygirl,witharoundface,bigeyes,whiteteethandlongwavinghair.
他是個(gè)長(zhǎng)相很滑稽的男人，長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的胡須而沒有頭發(fā)

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答案：Heisafunny-lookingman,withathickmoustachebutnohairleft.
找教案//

2.AlsoshefeltherhomewasntelegantenoughforsomeonelikeLarrywhowantedtoimprovehissocialposition.還有對(duì)于像拉里這樣很想提高社會(huì)地位的人來說，她的家也不夠高雅。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]Ais＋adjforsomeonelikeBwho-從句

對(duì)于像他的班長(zhǎng)那樣想考入名牌大學(xué)的人來說，Tom覺得自己還不夠勤奮。

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答案：Tomthinkshehimselfisn’tdiligentenoughforsomeonelikehismonitorwhowishestoenterafamousuniversity2yearslater.

對(duì)于像他的哥哥那樣想成為一名大作家的人來說，John覺得自己還不夠聰明。

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答案：Johnfelthehimselfisnotcleverenoughforsomeonelikehisbrotherwhowantstobeafamouswriter.3.IsaacAsimovwasAmericanscientistandwriterwhowrotearound480booksthatincludedmysterystories,scienceandhistorybooks,andevenbooksabouttheHolyBibleandShakespeare.艾薩克·阿西莫夫是美國的科學(xué)家兼作家，他寫過480本書，包括怪誕小說，科學(xué)和歷史方面的書，甚至還寫過有關(guān)圣經(jīng)和莎士比亞的書。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：一個(gè)復(fù)合句中含有兩個(gè)定語從句

卓別林是一位偉大的演員，他飾演了70多部電影，其中包括了無聲電影和有聲電影。

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答案：Chaplinisanoutstandingactorwhomademorethan70filmsthatincludesilentfilmsandsoundfilms.在過去或?qū)?，這本書都是我們心靈的禮物，它記載了帶來歡笑的瞬間和許多催人淚下的瞬間。

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答案：Thisbookisagiftforoursoul,whichrecordsboththemomentsthatcouldbringjoyandthemomentsthatcouldbringtears,inthepresentandthepast.

三、單元自測(cè)

1完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21—30各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

詞數(shù)：233

完成時(shí)間：14分鐘

難度：***

Iconsidermyselfsomethingofanexpertonapologies.Aquicktemperhasprovidedmewithplentyofopportunitiestomakethem.Inoneofmyearliest21,mymotheristellingme,"Dontwatchthe22whenyousay,Imsorry.Holdyourheadupandlookthepersoninthe23,sohellknowyoumeanit."

Mymotherthusmadethekeypointofasuccessfulapology:itmustbedirect.Youmustnever24tobedoingsomethingelse.Youdonotlookthroughapileofletterswhileapologizingtoaperson25inpositionafterblaminghimorherforamistakethatturnedouttobeyourfault.Youdonotapologizetoahostess,whoseguestofhonoryoutreat26,bysendingflowersthenextdaywithoutmentioningyourbadmanners.

Oneoftheimportantthingsyoushoulddoforaneffectiveapologyisreadinessto27theresponsibilityforourcarelessmistakes.Weareusedtomakingexcuses,whichleavesno28fortheotherpersontoforgiveus.Sincemostpeopleareopen-hearted,theno-excuseapologyleavesbothpartiesfeeling29aboutthemselves.That,afterall,isthepurposeofeveryapology.It30littlewhethertheapologizeriswhollyoronlypartlyatfault:answeringforonesactionsencouragesotherstotaketheirshareoftheblame.

21.A.dreamsB.coursesC.memoriesD.ideas

22.A.sideB.groundC.wallD.bottom

23.A.mindB.soulC.faceD.eye

24.A.pretendB.forgetC.refuseD.expect

25.A.poorerB.weakerC.worseD.lower

26.A.cruellyB.freelyC.roughlyD.foolishly

27.A.raiseB.performC.admitD.bear

28.A.situationB.needC.signD.room

29.A.wiserB.warmerC.betterD.cleverer

30.A.caresB.mattersC.dependsD.remains

[答案解析]

21．C名詞詞義辨析。緊接著的就是作者回憶出來的內(nèi)容。

22．B與后面提到的“要抬起頭”正好相反。

23．D道歉時(shí)看著對(duì)方的眼睛，以示真誠，在這一點(diǎn)上中西方是一樣的。

24．A動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)選定。

25．D詞語搭配。職位一般論的是高、低。

26．C副詞詞詞義辨析。roughly此處表示對(duì)待客人不禮貌，服務(wù)不到位。

27．D詞語搭配。beartheresponsibility承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

28．D名詞詞義辨析。leavenoroom不留余地。

29．Cbetter表示“心情更舒暢”。未找借口的道歉，即真誠的道歉，對(duì)方的感覺一定很好。

30．B道歉者是全部還是部分承擔(dān)責(zé)任這些都不太重要：關(guān)鍵是為所作所為主動(dòng)負(fù)責(zé)，這也能促使別人共同承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

2語法填空

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為31-40的相應(yīng)位置上。

詞數(shù)：147

完成時(shí)間：7分鐘

難度：***

Theoriginsofthemusicareas31(interest)asthemusicitself.Jazz32(invent)byAmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,33werebroughttotheSouthernstatesasslaves.Theyweresoldtofarmownersand34(force)toworklonghoursinthecottonandtobaccofields.35aNegrodied,36friendsandrelativeswouldgatherandcarrythebodytohaveaceremony37theyburiedhim.Therewasalwaysabandwiththem.Onthewaytotheceremonythebandplayedslow,solemnmusic38（suit)forthesituation.Butonthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Everyonewashappy.Death39(remove)oneoftheirmembers,but40livingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.ItwasanearlyformofJazz.

答案：

31．interesting32．wasinvented33．who34．forced35．When36．his37．before

38．suitable39．hadremoved40．the

31．interesting．令人有趣的……

32．wasinvented.Jazz是過去被黑人發(fā)明的，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

33．who．引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句，指代前面的AmericanNegroes，orblacks，在從句中作主語。

34．forced．與前面的“theyweresold并列，省略了theywere。

35．When．引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。

36．his．根據(jù)這句話的最后一個(gè)單詞him可以得知答案。

37．before．儀式是在埋葬死人之前舉行的，所以用before。

38．suitable．(be)suitblefor固定搭配，形容詞短語作后置定語，修飾前面的slow,solemnmusic。

39．hadremoved．因?yàn)閞emove這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去動(dòng)作changed,1ifted，washappy，wereglad等的前面，所以要過去完成時(shí)。

40．the．the十a(chǎn)dj．表—類人，theliving指“活著的人”。

3閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

詞數(shù)：335

完成時(shí)間：7分鐘

難度：****

AbadWorkingMemory(大腦的工作記憶)–thebrainstemporarystoragebox--mayexplain,newresearchsuggests,whyonechildcannotreadhisorherhistorybookandanothergetslostinmath.Asmanyas10percentofschool-agechildrenmaysufferfrompoorworkingmemory.Britishresearcherssaidinareportlastweek,yettheproblemisrarelyidentified.找教案//

"Youcanthinkofworkingmemoryasapuremeasureofyourchildspotential.ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ(智商),becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictors(預(yù)示物)oflearningability,saidDr.TraceyAllowayofBritain’sDurhamUniversity.

Manychildrenwithpoorworkingmemoryareconsideredlazyordull.Workingmemoryallowspeopletoholdintheirmindsanddealwithafewitems,suchastelephonenumbers,overashortperiodoftime.Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.Itsimportant,therefore,toputintherightthings.Irrelevant(不相關(guān)的)informationwillclutterworkingmemory.

Thequestionmanyresearchersarestrugglingwithishowtohelpchildrenwiththisproblem,whichappearstobeclosely,relatedtoalackofattention.

"Inchildrenwithlearningdifficulties,itbecomesahugeissue,especiallyaroundmiddleschool,whenthedemandsonworkingmemoryreallygrow,"saidDr.MelLevine,co-founderofAllKindsofMinds,anonprofitorganizationinNorthCarolinathatstudieslearningdifficulties.

Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.Allowayhasatoolthatallowsteacherstoassess(評(píng)定)theworking-memorycapacityofchildrenasyoungas4;ithasbeenusedin35schoolsacrossBritain.

Levine’sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned,whichisworkingwithseveralthousandschoolsacrosstheUnitedStates,CanadaandEurope.Whileheisnotsureworkingmemorycanbeexpanded,Levinesaidchildrencanbetaughtwaystodobetterinschool.

41.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofworkingmemory?

A.Ithasalimitedcapacity.

B.Itisusuallybetterinchildrenthanadults.

C.Itimproveswithuse.

D.Itcancausealackofattention.

42.Accordingtothenewresearch,___________.

A.theimportanceofworkingmemoryhasbeenlongrecognized

B.workingmemoryisbecomingrecognizedasafactorinintelligence

C.lazinesscanweakenworkingmemory

D.workingmemoryhelpspeoplerememberthingsforever

43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"clutter"inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Change.B.Improve.C.Strengthen.D.Confuse.

44.Whichofthefollowingmayhelpimproveachildsworkingmemory?

A.Expandingthebrainsstoragebox.

B.Trainingthememory.

C.Rememberingmorethings.

D.Beingremindedfrequently.

45.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.MelLevinehas___________.

A.inventedtoolstohelpimproveachildsworkingmemory

B.foundedanorganizationtotrainteacherstohelpstudentswiththisproblem

C.identifiedtheproblemclearly

D.comparedworkingmemorytoabox

答案：

本文介紹了學(xué)習(xí)障礙兒童（如數(shù)學(xué)障礙兒童）大腦的“工作記憶”容量方面的研究情況。大腦的“工作記憶”不好，會(huì)使孩子不能專心讀書，百分之十的孩子有這方面的問題。很多心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為應(yīng)該把大腦的“工作記憶”可以看作是一種新智商，因?yàn)樗梢苑从橙说膶W(xué)習(xí)能力。Alloway把大腦的“工作記憶”比作一個(gè)盒子，并認(rèn)為它的容量是有限的。文章還告訴我們記憶訓(xùn)練可以幫助改善“工作記憶”。

41.A。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.”可知人的“工作記憶”就像一個(gè)盒子，它的容量是有限的。

42.B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ,becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictorsoflearningability”可知，很多心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為workingmemory是一種新的智商，因?yàn)檠芯空甙l(fā)現(xiàn)workingmemory是衡量一個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)能力的最重要的指標(biāo)之一，因此可以把它看作是預(yù)測(cè)孩子智力的一個(gè)重要因素。

43.D。猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)第三段可知人的workingmemory是有限的，因此要去記那些重要的信息，不相關(guān)的信息只會(huì)使記憶更加混亂，所以選D。

44.B。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.”可知進(jìn)行記憶訓(xùn)練會(huì)有助于改善“工作記憶”，因此B正確。

45.B。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Levine’sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned”可知，Levine成立一個(gè)組織，這個(gè)組織培訓(xùn)老師，然后讓老師們幫助學(xué)生改善“工作記憶”。

4.讀寫任務(wù)

閱讀下面一篇一位美國朋友希望找個(gè)中國大學(xué)生作為游伴的博客短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。

Im19-year-old,namedBoobiSmith,ayoungcollegestudentfromUSA.IherebyearnestlyinviteaChineseyoungcollegestudentpreferringtomakeathree-weektouringtripwithmeinChina.

Myplan,basedonsometravellinginformationontheInternet,istosetoffnextweekendwhenthesummervacationofficiallybegins.ThefirststopisKunming,theworld-renownedcityforitsbeautyandmildtemperature.Wellgettherebytrainandstaytherefor2days,andthenwellheadforJinggangshan,aformerrevolutionarybaseaswellasanaturalbeautyspot.Aftera3-dayvisitthere,wewilltakealong-distancecoachtoanearbyportcitybytheChangjiangRiverandboardadownstreamshiptoShanghai,sothatwecanenjoythegreatsceneryalongsidethethirdlongestriverintheworld.Aseverybodyknows,ShanghaiisthebusiestandfastestdevelopingcityinChina.Idliketohavealookatitsprosperity,sothestaytherewillbeabouthalfaweek.A4-dayvisittothesetwocitiesnearShanghaiisamust.Alltogether,ourtripwilllastaboutthreeweeks.

Ionlyexpectthatmytravel-matecouldsplittheexpenseswithme,andtalkwithmeinEnglish,andheorshewouldbeanexcellentguide.

Thoseinterestedpleasecontactmethroughemail(SmithBoobie@ssnet.com).

[寫作內(nèi)容]

假如你叫李華，是一名就讀大學(xué)生。你想和Boobie結(jié)伴同游。你寫一封電子郵件和他聯(lián)系，

談?wù)勀銓?duì)這次同游的計(jì)劃的打算，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括：

1．以約30個(gè)詞概括Boobie的博客短文的要點(diǎn)；

2．然后以約120個(gè)詞談?wù)勀銓?duì)這次同游計(jì)劃的打算，內(nèi)容包括：

(1)對(duì)Boobie這次中國之游的感受；

(2)對(duì)Boobie的日程安排、費(fèi)用分擔(dān)情況和相關(guān)要求表示贊同，并說明贊同理由；

(3)你對(duì)Boobie來華旅游的祝愿和希望。

[寫作要求]

1．作文中可使用自己的親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用

原文中的句子；郵件的開頭、結(jié)尾已寫好。

2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。

[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]概括準(zhǔn)確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫：

[寫作輔導(dǎo)]

1．寫作有可能用到的主要短語和單詞：中國之旅thejourneyinChina,安排arrangeforsth．

2．本文的概要必須包含以下要點(diǎn)：IherebyearnestlyinviteaChineseyoungcollegestudentpreferringtomakeathree-weektouringtripwithmeinChina./Myplan,basedonsometravelinginformationontheInternet,istosetoffnextweekend..../Ionlyexpectthatmytravel-matecouldsplittheexpenseswithme,andtalkwithmeinEnglish,andheorshewouldbeanexcellentguide.

3．本文要注意，概要一定要根據(jù)文段的時(shí)態(tài)來寫。同時(shí)，絕對(duì)不能抄襲原文的句子。文章對(duì)Boobie的日程安排、費(fèi)用分擔(dān)情況和相關(guān)要求表示贊同，并說明贊同理由；對(duì)Boobie這次中國之游的感受；對(duì)Boobie來華旅游的祝愿和希望等內(nèi)容，屬于評(píng)論性文字和結(jié)論性的觀點(diǎn)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)態(tài)。

DearBoobie,

Hi,IamaChinesecollegestudent.Inyourblog,

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:DearBoohie,

Hi,IamaChinesecollegestudent.Inyourblog,Iknowthatyouwantatravel-matewhowillgowithyoutohaveathree-weektripinChina.Youalsooffermesomeinformationindetailsaboutthetravelplanandotherrequirementsaboutthistrip.

Iamabsolutelydelightedtogetsuchatravel-matefromtheUSA.Youcanenjoythebeautyofourcountry.Meanwhile,youwillbemygoodhelpertomyEnglishstudy.

Ishareyouropinionaboutyourplan.IhaveneverbeentoKunming,Jianggangshan,theChangjiangRiverandShanghai.ThisismyfirsttripwithanativeEnglishspeakertotravelinChina,whichisofgreathelptoimprovemyEnglish.IalsoliketosharetheexpenseswithyoubecauseIdontneedtoaskmyparentsformoremoney.AndIhaveworkedasapart-timeguidefortwoyearsduringmycollegelife,soIwillbeyouridealguide.

Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply,andyouwillenjoyyourjourneyinChina.

YoursTruly,

LiHua找教案//

Unit2Robots

Unit2　Robots
指導(dǎo)思想與理論依據(jù)　
1．指導(dǎo)思想
本課題努力結(jié)合新課程的理念，將課堂教學(xué)放在具體的語言情景之中；努力培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力，并且把聽、說、讀、寫語言技能的訓(xùn)練綜合運(yùn)用于課堂教學(xué)之中。通過探究法、觀察法和發(fā)現(xiàn)法，讓學(xué)生發(fā)揮主觀能動(dòng)性，利用兩兩合作、小組活動(dòng)的方式，激發(fā)學(xué)生參與教學(xué)的熱情，讓學(xué)生整堂課都處于新鮮感不斷的亢奮狀態(tài)中。根據(jù)學(xué)生的認(rèn)知能力和接受程度，設(shè)計(jì)了寫作等任務(wù)，使語言得到輸出，可以使學(xué)生產(chǎn)生繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力。
總之，本次設(shè)計(jì)的宗旨是努力提高課堂教學(xué)的實(shí)效性，使學(xué)生能夠提高語言的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力，達(dá)到最終教學(xué)的目的。
2．理論依據(jù)
《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》明確提出：“要通過設(shè)計(jì)豐富多彩的課內(nèi)外學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)，使學(xué)生在參與交際活動(dòng)的過程中形成交際策略?！?br> 教材內(nèi)容分析　
本單元以機(jī)器人和科幻小說為話題，介紹了20世紀(jì)世界知名的科幻小說家IsaacAsimov發(fā)表于1951年的SatisfactionGuaranteed和他的生平。通過本單元的教學(xué)，旨在讓學(xué)生了解科幻小說最大的特征在于：它賦予了“幻想”依靠科技在未來得以實(shí)現(xiàn)的極大可能，甚至有些“科學(xué)幻想”在多年以后，的確在科學(xué)上成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。如IsaacAsimov1951年描述的機(jī)器人的部分功能已經(jīng)被應(yīng)用于現(xiàn)實(shí)生活和工作中。在教學(xué)中，要鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生敢于幻想，大膽創(chuàng)新，發(fā)揮自己豐富的想象力和創(chuàng)作力，寫出獨(dú)具特色的科幻文章。
教學(xué)內(nèi)容如下：
WarmingUp介紹了機(jī)器人的制造、種類、功能等等，再讓學(xué)生分組列表，把自己熟悉的科幻文藝形式(科幻故事、電影、電腦游戲、電視劇、卡通等等)寫出來，并進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單地交流。
Pre－reading通過討論機(jī)器人是否像人類一樣有自己的思維、是否有感情引出IsaacAsimov的科幻小說SatisfactionGuaranteed，為本單元的Reading做好了鋪墊。
Reading的課文是IsaacAsimov發(fā)表于1951年的科幻小說SatisfactionGuaranteed。文中描述的機(jī)器人Tony是一個(gè)除去面無表情外，身材高大、相貌英俊、聰明機(jī)智的完美男人，僅三周的時(shí)間就使女主人墜入愛河。
Comprehending共有3個(gè)練習(xí)，練習(xí)1是關(guān)于克萊爾的情感變化，練習(xí)2是關(guān)于課文內(nèi)容的5個(gè)問答題，旨在考查學(xué)生對(duì)課文的理解；練習(xí)3要求學(xué)生比較機(jī)器人Tony在physical，mental兩方面與人的異同，與Pre－reading部分的問題相呼應(yīng)。
LearningaboutLanguage分為兩部分，Discoveringusefulwordsandexpressions是本單元詞匯練習(xí)題；Revisingusefulstructures是本單元語法練習(xí)題，通過本單元的學(xué)習(xí)，要求學(xué)生熟練掌握不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
UsingLanguage分為兩部分，Listeningandspeaking是Molly和Kate討論SatisfactionGuaranteed的對(duì)話錄音，要求學(xué)生根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)的常用句型。這部分教學(xué)內(nèi)容還要求學(xué)生以機(jī)器人為話題，充分發(fā)揮自己的想象力，談?wù)摍C(jī)器人做家務(wù)的利與弊。并且要求自己動(dòng)手設(shè)計(jì)機(jī)器人，附上文字說明。Reading，discussingandwriting部分的內(nèi)容是科幻小說家IsaacAsimov的生平介紹。文章后附有練習(xí)題。練習(xí)1要求學(xué)生根據(jù)時(shí)間線索了解在作者生命中發(fā)生的重要事件；練習(xí)2、3要求學(xué)生討論IsaacAsimov的“機(jī)器人三定律”；練習(xí)4要求學(xué)生借助文章信息和練習(xí)1的表格筆頭簡(jiǎn)述阿西莫夫的生平事跡。
教材重組　
Period1WarmingUp，Pre－reading，ReadingandComprehending
Period2LanguageStudy
Period3Grammar
Period4Listening，SpeakingandWriting
Period5UsingLanguage
Period6ListeningandReadingTask
Period7Speaking，ListeningandWritingTask
三維目標(biāo)　
知識(shí)目標(biāo)
1．掌握本單元教學(xué)目的和要求中的單詞和詞匯。如：fiction，desire，satisfaction，alarm，alarmed，sympathy，elegant，pile，scan，fingernail，absurd，haircut，accompany，counter，cushion，awful，affair，declare，envy，testout，ringup，turnaround，leave...aloneetc。
2．幫助學(xué)生更多地了解機(jī)器人以及有關(guān)的科幻小說、小說家阿西莫夫及其文學(xué)作品。
3．復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)和學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。
能力目標(biāo)
學(xué)會(huì)使用推測(cè)和確信的表達(dá)法。
情感目標(biāo)
培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的想象力和對(duì)未知世界的探索精神。
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)　
1．更多地了解機(jī)器人以及科幻小說。
2．掌握女主人公克萊爾的感情和心理上的變化。
教學(xué)難點(diǎn)　
1．鞏固動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式的用法。
2．學(xué)會(huì)使用推測(cè)和確信的表達(dá)法。
教學(xué)方法　
1．任務(wù)型教學(xué)。
2．合作型教學(xué)。Period1　WarmingUp，Pre－reading，
ReadingandComprehending
設(shè)計(jì)方案一
設(shè)計(jì)者　邵寧寧
Teachinggoals　
1．Beabletolearnsomeimportantwordsandphrases.
fiction，desire，satisfaction，alarm，alarmed，sympathy，elegant，pile，scan，fingernail，absurd，haircut，accompany，cushion，awful，affair，declare，envy，testout，ringup，turnaround，leave...aloneetc.
2．Helpstudentstolearnaboutrobotsandsciencefiction.
3．Enablestudentstorealizesciencefictionreflectsscientificthought；fictionofthings－to－comebasedonthings－on－h(huán)and.
Teachingimportantpoints　
1．EnablestudentstograspwhatTonydidtohelpClaireandhowherfeelingstowardsTonychangedduringTonysstayatherhouse.
2．Helpstudentstosumupcharacteristicsofsciencefiction.
Teachingdifficultpoints　
HowClairesfeelingstowardsTonychangedduringTonysstayatherhouse.
Teachingmethods　
Discussing，explaining，readingandpracticing
Teachingaids　
Themultimediacomputer
Teachingprocedures　
?Step1　Warmingup
1．Presentphotosofdifferentkindsofrobots.Thenaskthestudentstosaysomethingabouttheirfavoriterobots.
2．Askstudentstodiscussthefollowingquestionsinpairs.
(1)Whatisarobot?
(2)Whatcanarobotdo?
Suggestedanswers：
(1)Arobotisamachinedesignedtodojobsthatareusuallyperformedbyhumans.Robotsareprogrammedandcontrolledbyacomputer.
(2)Arobotcandomanythings.Forexample，itcanplaymusic，singsongsanddancetomusic；itcanpourtea，sweepthefloorandcookdinner；itcanplayfootball；itcanexploredangerousplaces；itcanplaywithchildren；itcanserveusetc.
?Step2　Pre－reading
LookatthephotosofrobotsandaskstudentstodiscussthequestionsinPre－readingingroups.Studentsareencouragedtospeakouttheiropinionsfreely.
1．Wherewouldyoufindeachrobot？Whatdoeseachonedo?
2．Canyouthinkofanyothertypeofrobot?
3．Doyouthinkitispossibleforarobottothinkforitself，havefeelings，haveitsownneedsanddesires，orlookandfeellikeahumanbeing?
?Step3　Skimming
1．Skimthetexttofindoutthemaincharactersinthestory.
TitleCharactersinthestorySatisfactionGuaranteed
employedinacompanythatmaderobots
Larryswife，ahousewife
arobot
awomanthatClaireenvied
Keys：
TitleCharactersinthestorySatisfactionGuaranteed
LarryBelmontemployedinacompanythatmaderobots
ClaireLarryswife，ahousewife
Tonyarobot
GladysClaffernawomanthatClaireenvied
2.Ingroups，findanswerstothefollowingquestions：
(1)WhatdidTonylooklike?
(2)WhatwasLarryBelmontsproblemintheend?
Severalminuteslaterchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
Suggestedanswers：
(1)Hewastallandhandsomealthoughhisfacialexpressionsneverchanged.Hishairwassmoothandblackandhisvoicewasdeep.
(2)HiswifemayhavefalleninlovewithTony，therobot.
?Step4　Scanning
1．Askstudentstoreadthetextcarefullyandthenfindoutthetruestatements.
(1)Clairedidntliketheideaatthebeginning，butsheagreedtoitatlast.
(2)WhenTony，therobot，offeredtohelpdressing，Clairewaspleasedtoacceptit.Butshethoughtitwassurprisingforarobottobesohuman.
(3)TonycouldunderstandClairewhenshesaidshewasnotclever.
(4)Clairewassorryshecoulddolittletohelpherhusband，whowantedtoimprovehissocialposition.
(5)TonywaseagertohelpClaire.Hescannedquitealotofbooksinthelibrary，buthecouldfindnowayout.
(6)TonywenttotownwithClairetobuythingshewantedtoimprovethehouse.
(7)WhileTonyworkedontheimprovementsofthehouse，Clairealsodidherpart.
(8)Clairesguestswerefilledwithadmirationwhentheysawherhousewascompletelychanged.
(9)ClairewasveryhappytofindthatGladysenviedher.
(10)ThecompanywasverypleasedwithTonysreportbecausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanfallinlovewithhim.
Keys：Truestatements：(1)，(3)，(4)，(7)and(9)
2．Ingroups，discussthequestionsinComprehendingonPage12.
(1)WhydidTonyopenthecurtains?
(2)WhatdidTonydotopreventClairefrombeingharmed?
(3)WhydidTonyhavetoberebuilt?
(4)HowwouldyoufeelifyouhadarobotlikeTonyinyourhouse?
(5)ClairespentthreeweekswithTonyinherhouse.Whichsentencesinthestoryshowthatshekeptforgettingandthenrememberinghewasamachine?
Severalminuteslaterchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
Suggestedanswers：
(1)HewantedClairesgueststoseehimandClairetogethersothatshecouldbeenviedbythewomenguests.
(2)TonypreventedClairefrombeingharmedbymakingherfeelgoodaboutherself.Hehelpedhermakeherandherhomeelegantsothatshewouldnotfeellikeafailure.
(3)Becausethecompany(designers)feltthattheycouldnothavewomenfallinginlovewithmachines.
(4)Variousanswerscanbeaccepted.
(5)Sentences：
Howabsurd，shethought.Hewasjustamachine.
Heheldherfirmlyinhisarmsandshefeltthewarmthofhisbody.Shescreamed，pushedhimawayandrantoherroomfortherestoftheday.
Thensheremembered—Tonywasjustamachine.
Sheshouted“Leavemealone”andrantoherbed.
3．Ingroups，listTonyscharacteristicsthatweresimilartoandthosethatweredifferentfromthoseofahumanbeing.
CharacteristicsSimilarDifferent
Physical
Mental
Suggestedanswers：
CharacteristicsSimilarDifferent
PhysicalLookslikeahumanbeing.Bodyandskinsoftandwarm.Hairandfingernailsrealistic.Voicelikeahumans.Facialexpressionsneverchange.
Quickerreactions(ShefelloffaladderandeventhoughTonywasinthenextroom，hemanagedtocatchherintime.)
MentalAbletomakesuggestionsandpredictions.Abletomakeaplanandfollowitthrough.Hasgoodcommunicationskills.Behaviournotappropriate(Tonybroughtherbreakfastandthenaskedherwhethersheneededhelpdressing.)

?Step5　Comprehending
1．TellstudentsthatClairesfeelingstowardsTonychangedasthestorydeveloped.ReadthestoryagainandthenfillintheoccasionswhenClairehadthesefeelings.
OccasionClaireOccasionClaire
dislikedhimcalledhimadear
wasalarmedfelthiswarmth
feltembarrassedfeltbeingenvied
admiredhimcriedallnight
Suggestedanswers：
OccasionClaireOccasionClaire
1.Beforehearriveddislikedhim5.Whenhehelpedherwiththesalesmancalledhimadear
2.Whenhearrivedwasalarmed6.WhenshefelloffaladderandcaughtbyTonyfelthiswarmth
3.Whenheofferedtohelpherdressfeltembarrassed7.WhensheheardGladyswhisperingtoanotherwomanthatshehadneverseenanyonesohandsomeasTonyfeltbeingenvied
4.Whenheofferedtohelpherimproveherhouseandherselfadmiredhim8.WhensherememberedTonywasjustamachinecriedallnight
2.AfterfillingintheoccasionswhenClairehadthesefeelings，askstudentstoworktogethertofindouthowClairesemotiondeveloped.
Suggestedanswer：
AtfirstrefusedtohaveTonyatherhouse—acceptedhim—trustedhim—proudofhim—lovedhim—sadtorememberhewasjustamachine
(T：Fromheremotiondevelopment，wecanseeTonywasdesignedasaMr.Perfect.HeisdesignednottoharmClaireorallowhertobeharmed.ThisisoneofIsaacsthreelawsforrobots.Laterinthisunitwewilllearnmoreabouthisthreelaws.)
?Step6　Discussion
Ingroups，discussthefollowingquestions.(Studentsareencouragedtospeakouttheiropinionsfreely.)
WhatsuggestionsdoyouwanttogivetoLarryBelmontasanengineer?
WhatsuggestionsdoyouwanttogivetoLarryBelmontasahusband?
?Step7　Homework
1．Learntheusefulwordsandphrasesinthisunitbyheart.
2．Rememberthecharacteristicsofsciencefiction.
3．SurftheInternettolearnmoreaboutrobotsandsciencefiction.

人教版高中英語選修7教案Unit2Robots

Unit2Robots

一、語言要點(diǎn)

I單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）

詞匯

部分

詞語

辨析

1.desire/wish/hope/expect/want/longfor

2.assess/access3.victory/success/conquest/triumph

詞形

變化

1.satisfactionn.滿意

satisfyv.使?jié)M意

satisfyingadj.令人滿足的

satisfiedadj.感到滿意的

2.alarmedadj.感到驚嚇的

alarmv.n.n.警報(bào)vt.恐嚇,警告

3.declarev.斷言，宣稱

declarationn.宣布，宣言，聲明

重點(diǎn)

單詞

1.desiren.渴望vt.想要

2.satisfactionn.滿意

3.alarmn.警報(bào)vt.使```驚恐

4.sympathyn.同情

5.accompanyvt.陪伴

6.declarevt.宣布

7.envyvt.嫉妒

8.junioradj.較年幼的

9.divorcen.離婚vt.與```離婚

重點(diǎn)

詞組

testout考驗(yàn)ringup打電話給turnaround轉(zhuǎn)向

leave…alone不打擾setaside將```放在一邊beboundto一定做……

重點(diǎn)句型

1.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.

2.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.

3.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.

重點(diǎn)語法

復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)（包括動(dòng)詞不定式）（I）(見語法專題)

II詞語辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1).desire/wish/hope/expect/want/longfor

desire屬正式用語,可代替wish和want,強(qiáng)調(diào)“主觀愿望的熱切性”,含有“強(qiáng)烈希望做某事”的意思,

wish語氣比desire弱,一般用于“難以實(shí)現(xiàn)或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望”,指“希望”、“愿”、“想”

hope表示實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大的希望

expect側(cè)重“期待，預(yù)期，指望”

want多用于口語式普通場(chǎng)合,指“想”、“要”或“需要”,表示“偏愛、選擇”或“需要、熱愛”

longfor表“希望，渴望”

選擇desire/wish/hope/expect/want或longfor并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>1)I_______Icouldhaveanewcar.

2)I_____adictionaryatthepresenttime.

3)Hemanagedtogetthebookhe______finally.

4)I______animmediateanswerofyours.

5)personally,ourcityteamhasbetterplayersandI______themtowin

6)Hehasbeenworkingabroadforyears,andis_______tocomebackandseehisfamilyverymuch.

Keys:1)wish2)want3)desired4)desire/expect/want5)expect6)longing

2).assess/access

assessvt.估定,評(píng)定。

accessn.通路,訪問,入門

選擇assess或access，并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>1)Damagesinthegreatearthquakewere______atseveralhundredbillion.

2)Onlypersonswithapermithas______totherestrictedarea;

Keys:1)assessed2)access

3)victory/success/conquest/triumph

victory指“在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、競(jìng)賽、斗爭(zhēng)中獲勝”,并有“擊敗對(duì)方或敵人”的含義

success對(duì)預(yù)期的、計(jì)劃的、嘗試的事物的目標(biāo)達(dá)到

conquest指“征服某國或某民族,從而使之處于被支配地位的勝利或戰(zhàn)勝”

triumph指“輝煌或徹底的勝利或成功”

選擇victory/success/conquest或triumph并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>1)Theywona______inbattle.找教案//

2)Thegeneralwithhissoldiersreturnedhomein_______

3)Aftertheseriousbomb,theysucceededinthe______ofthatcity.

4)Theconferencewasa_______.

Keys:1)victory2)triumph3)conquest4)success

III詞性變化（旨在提供語法填空所需材料）

1.satisfactionn.滿意

satisfyv.使?jié)M意

satisfyingadj.令人滿足的

satisfiedadj.感到滿意的

2.alarmedadj.感到驚嚇的

alarmn.警報(bào)vt.恐嚇,警告

3.declarev.斷言，宣稱

declarationn.宣布，宣言，聲明

根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1)Wehada______mealtogetherlastSunday.Alltheguestsarevery______.(satisfaction)

2)Iwassleepingsoundlyintheearlymorningwhenatelephone_______meawake.Iwaseven______tohearthe______newsthatanotherbombinghadhitLondon.(alarm)

3)What______thewomenmostwasthatwhentheyweretalkingaboutthe_______newaboutthegirl,shebecameso_______thatsheranawayassoonassheheardthis.(embarrass)

4)Thenewly-electedpresident_______hissupportfortheterrorists.Hemustberesponsibleforhis______.(declare)

5)He______tohisfriendswhyhewaslatebutnoneofthemthoughthis_______believable.(explain)

keys:1.satisfying;satisfied2.alarmed;alarmed;alarming3.embarrassed;embarrassing;embarrassed4.declared;declaration5.explained;explanation

IV重點(diǎn)詞匯（旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）

1.desiren.渴望vt.想要

[重點(diǎn)用法]

desiresth.渴望得到某物

desiretodosth.希望/渴望做某事

desirethatsb.(should)do要求……

haveadesireforsth./todosth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事

atone’sdesire照某人的希望

[典例]

1)Wealldesirehappinessandhealth.我們都希望幸福健康。

2)Everyonehasadesireforsuccess,butnoeveryonedesiretogetrich.每個(gè)人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金錢。

3)Hedesiresyoutogotoseehimatonce.他要求你馬上去見他。

=hedesiresthatyoushouldgotoseehimatonce.

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)他想受到大學(xué)教育。

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2)他們要我快點(diǎn)回來。

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3)我請(qǐng)他立即回信。

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4)她要你立即見她。

___________________________________________________________________________________

5)她應(yīng)邀演奏了一曲。

Keys:1)Hedesiredacollegeeducation.2)Theydesiremetoreturnsoon.3)Idesireanimmediateanswerofhis.4)Shedesiresthatyou(should)seeheratonce.5)Sheplayedapieceatothers’desire/bydesire.2.satisfactionn.滿意

[重點(diǎn)用法]

satisfactoryn.滿意的,

satisfyv.滿足,使?jié)M意,

demandsatisfaction要求賠償;

feelsatisfactionat...對(duì)感到滿意

findsatisfactionin對(duì)...感到滿意

tosb.ssatisfaction(tothesatisfactionofsb.)達(dá)到使某人滿意的程度

withsatisfaction滿意地

[典例]

1)Atlast,thewholeclassfoundsatisfactionintheirwork.最終,全班都對(duì)他們的工作感到滿意。

2)Whathepromisedcouldnotsatisfyhisfamily.他的許諾并未能使他的家人滿意。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)買到想要的東西，她滿意地離開了超市。

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2)他的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果似乎令人滿意。

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3)這些條件中你至少要符合一項(xiàng)，否則就不能成為本俱樂部的會(huì)員。

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Keys:1)Havingboughtwhatshewanted,sheleftthesupermarketwithsatisfaction.2)Theresultofhistestseemedtobesatisfactory.3)Ifyoudon’tsatisfyatleastoneoftheconditions,youcan’tbecomeamemberofourclub.3.alarmn.警報(bào)vt.使```驚恐

[重點(diǎn)用法]

give/raisethealarm發(fā)警報(bào)

ringthealarm敲警鐘

soundthealarm發(fā)警報(bào);吹警報(bào)號(hào)

take(the)alarmat對(duì)...感到吃驚;因...而驚恐

bealarmedat...被...嚇一跳

[典例]找教案//

1)Weweremuchalarmedbythefireintheforest.森林失火使我們大為驚慌。

2)Assoonashesawthesmoke,hesoundedthealarm.看見火災(zāi)爆發(fā)，他鳴響了警報(bào)。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)看到孩子們?cè)诜敌r(shí)遭遇車禍的消息，家長(zhǎng)們感到很害怕。

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2）看到大火，社區(qū)的居民發(fā)出警報(bào)。

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Keys:1)Theparentstookthealarmatthenewsthattheirchildrencaughtatrafficaccidencewhenretuningtheschool.2)Theresidentsinthecommunityraisedthealarmwhenseeingthegreatfire.4.sympathyn.同情

[重點(diǎn)用法]

feel/havesympathyfor同情某人

insympathywith同情;贊成;和...一致

outofsympathywith對(duì)...不同情;不贊成;對(duì)...沒有同感,和...不一致

winsympathyof博得...的同情

[典例]

1)Hegavethepoorchildsomemoneyoutofsympathy.出于同情，他給了這個(gè)窮孩子一點(diǎn)錢。

2)Heisinsympathywiththeirbeliefs.他與他們的信仰一致.

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)聽完這個(gè)故事，他對(duì)她目前的情況深感同情。

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2)通過描述他悲慘的童年，他贏得路人的同情。

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Keys:1)Afterhearingthestory,hefeltsympathyforherpresentsituation.2)Hewonthesympathyofpassers-bybydescribinghismiserablechildhood.5.accompanyvt.陪伴

[重點(diǎn)用法]

accompanysb.toaplace陪伴某人去某地

accompanysth.with/bysth.與…同時(shí)存在

[典例]

1)Heaccompaniedhisoldfathertothehospitaltoseewhat’swrongwithhisstomach.他陪他的老父親去醫(yī)院查看胃部出了什么問題。

2)Thundersaccompaniedbyheavyraininthisseasonareverycommon.這個(gè)季節(jié)，雷鳴常常伴有大雨。[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)總統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)了被六個(gè)健壯的保鏢護(hù)隨著。

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2)回到家鄉(xiāng)，他的老同學(xué)們陪著他參觀了這個(gè)城市。

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Keys:1)Thepresidentappearedandwasaccompaniedbysixstrongbodyguards.2)Whenretuninghometown,hewasshownaroundthecityaccompaniedbyhisoldclassmates.6.declarevt.宣布

[重點(diǎn)用法]

declaresth.宣布……

declaresb./sth.(tobe)+n./adj.宣布……為……

declarethat

declarewaron/upon對(duì)…宣戰(zhàn)

declareagainst/for…聲明反對(duì)/贊成

[典例]

1)Shedeclaredthatshedidntwanttoseehimagain.她宣稱她再也不愿見到他。

2)Soontheywilldeclarehimtheownerofthehouse.很快他們就會(huì)宣布他為房子的主人。

3)Thegovernmentpassedalawthatdeclareditillegaltocatchandsellthiskindofanimals.

政府通過法律宣布捕捉販賣這種動(dòng)物是非法的。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)那個(gè)女明星最近宣稱要嫁給一個(gè)富人然后退出舞臺(tái)。

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2)公司宣布老板的兒子依法成為公司繼承人。

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Keys:1)Thepopularactressdeclaredrecentlythatshewouldmarryarichgentlemanandretirefromthestage.2)Thecompanydeclaredthesonofthebosstobethesuccessorbylaw.7.envyvt.嫉妒

[重點(diǎn)用法]

envysb.sth.妒忌/羨慕某人某物

becometheenvyofsb.成為令人嫉妒/羨慕的事物

beinenvyofone’ssuccess羨慕某人的成功

outofenvy出于嫉妒/羨慕

[典例]

1)Allherworkmatesenviedher(for)herpromotion.所有的同事都羨慕她的晉升。

2)Histalentformusicbecomestheenvyoftheothercompetitors.他在音樂方面的天分讓其他人對(duì)手感到羨慕。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)他們的新房子受到鄰居的羨慕。

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2)出于妒忌，他作了偽證

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Keys:1)Theirnewhousemadethemtheenvyoftheirneighbors.2)Hemadethefaultwitnessoutofenvy.

V重點(diǎn)詞組（旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）

1.testout考驗(yàn)；試驗(yàn)

[典例]

1)Thismodelhadbeentestedoutbeforeitwasputintoproduction.這個(gè)型號(hào)經(jīng)過試驗(yàn)后才進(jìn)行大批量生產(chǎn)。

2)Beforethelecture,theprofessorisusedtotestingoutthewholeexperiment.上課前，這個(gè)教授習(xí)慣先將整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)試驗(yàn)一番。

[短語歸納]

testonsb./sth.在……(身上)做實(shí)驗(yàn)/試驗(yàn)

have/takeatestin參加……考試找教案//

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)成千上萬的人們將參加這周日的公務(wù)員考試。

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2)那個(gè)咨詢顧問習(xí)慣先將新的政策在他自己的公司里進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。

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Keys:1)TensofthousandsofpeoplewilltakeanentrancetestforgovernmentofficersthisSunday.2)Theconsultantwouldtestthenewpolicyonhisowncompanyfirst.2.ringup打電話給……

[短語歸納]

ringback回電話

ringoff掛斷電話;停止講話

ringabell喚醒經(jīng)常是模糊的記憶

ringupthecurtain開始：開始一場(chǎng)演出，一個(gè)事件或一次行動(dòng)

[典例]

1)Ihavetoringoffnowbecausemyfriendiswaitingforme.我朋友在等我，我得掛電話了。

2)Onarrivingattheairport,heranguphismothertosayeverythingwasok.一到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)，他就打電話給他母親報(bào)平安。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)今早他剛起床就有人給他打電話了。

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2)見到老板進(jìn)來，他趕緊掛斷電話假裝在工作。

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Keys:1)Themomenthegotupthismorning,someoneranghimup.2)Seeinghisbosscoming,hehurriedtoringoffandpretendedtobeworking.3.turnaround轉(zhuǎn)向

[典例]

1)Heheardavoicebutwhenheturnedaround,hesawnobody.他聽到聲音，但轉(zhuǎn)身卻沒發(fā)現(xiàn)有人。

2)Ashewalkedtowardsthehotel,hesuddenlyturnedaroundandfoundanoldladyfollowinghim.當(dāng)他朝旅館走去時(shí)，突然轉(zhuǎn)身發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)老婦人跟著他。

[短語歸納]

turnaway把(臉)轉(zhuǎn)過去

turnagainst背叛,反抗

turnon/off打開/關(guān)掉

turnup出現(xiàn)/調(diào)大(音量)

turndown拒絕,調(diào)小(音量)

turnout結(jié)果是;證明是;

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)那年輕的女士無法想象要是她的丈夫背叛她的話會(huì)是怎么樣。

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2)雖然貧窮，但是女孩毅然地拒絕了別人的幫助。

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Keys:1)Theyoungladycannotimaginewhatifherhusbandturnsagainsther.2)Thoughpoor,thegirlturneddownothers’helpfirmly.4.leave…alone不打擾

[短語歸納]

leavebehind留下,遺留

leaveaside(把某事)擱置一邊

leavefor出發(fā)前往

leaveout省去,遺漏,不考慮

[典例]

1)Leavehimaloneandhewillproduce.別打擾他，他會(huì)寫出來的。

2)Hewasaskedtoleaveforanothercityin24hours.他被要求24小時(shí)內(nèi)離開到另一個(gè)城市去。

3)Theteacherrequiredustoleaveoutsomeunnecessarywordsinouressays.老師讓我們將論文中不必要的詞語省去。

4)Youshouldn’thaveleftAndyaloneinthemountains;itwasverydangerous.你不該將Andy留在山上，因?yàn)槟欠浅ＮｋU(xiǎn)。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)老板捐款潛逃了，只留下一間空廠房。

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2)聽到警報(bào)，警察丟下家人沖出去看發(fā)生了什么事。

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Keys:1)Thebossescapedwithallhisfortuneandleftanemptyfactorybehind.2)Hearingthealarm,thepolicemanlefthisfamilybehindandrushedouttoseewhathappened.5.setaside將……放在一邊;節(jié)省或保留(時(shí)間,金錢)

[短語歸納]

setdown寫下,記下

setoff開始動(dòng)身(foraplace)

setup創(chuàng)立，建立，搭起

setout出發(fā)，著手做某事（todosth.）

setaboutdoing著手做，開始做……

[典例]

1)Wouldyoupleasesetasidesometimetolistentomyrealidea?你可以騰出點(diǎn)時(shí)間聽聽我的想法嗎?

2)Thedepartmentsetasidethethingstheyweredoingandconcentratedonamoreurgenttask.這個(gè)部門的成員放下手頭的事情,全力以赴一項(xiàng)更緊急的任務(wù).

[練習(xí)]漢譯英找教案//

1)父親放下報(bào)紙點(diǎn)了一支煙。

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2)他努力工作省下錢給他兒子上大學(xué)。

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Keys:1)Fathersetasidethenewspaperandlitacigarette.2)Heisworkinghardtosetasidesomemoneyforhissontogotocollege.6.beboundto一定做……

[典例]

1)Wemissedthebus.Wereboundtobelate.我們錯(cuò)過了那趟車，我們肯定要遲到了。

2)Shesboundtobemayor.她注定會(huì)成為市長(zhǎng)。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1）他那么用功，一定會(huì)成功的。

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2）這項(xiàng)新發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于人類必定大有用處。

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Keys:1)Withmuchhardwork,heisboundtosucceed.2)Thenewdiscoveryisboundtobeofgreatservicetomankind.

VI重點(diǎn)句子（旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）

1.Clairedidn’twanttherobotinherhouse,especiallyasherhusbandwouldbeabsentforthreeweeks,butLarrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn’tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.

克萊爾并不想把機(jī)器人留在家里，特別是在她丈夫離加三周的這個(gè)期間。但是，克萊爾被拉里說服了。他說，機(jī)器人不會(huì)傷害她，也不會(huì)讓別人來傷害她。

[解釋]tobeharmed：動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

[典例]

1)AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas.所有的這些禮物必須及時(shí)郵寄，以便在圣誕節(jié)及時(shí)收到。

2)ItremainstobeseenwhetherJim’llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.吉姆最后是否適合演出仍將拭目以待。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)小湯姆假裝被射中了哭喊著要糖吃。2)此藥得一日三次，飯后服用。

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Keys:1)LittleTompretendedtobeshotandcriedforacandy.2)Themedicineisrequiredtobetakenthreetimesadayaftermeals.2.Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.當(dāng)他轉(zhuǎn)過身時(shí)，（她發(fā)現(xiàn)）Gladys站在那兒。

[解釋]therestoodGladysClaffern倒裝句。在謂語為動(dòng)詞go,come,run,stand,live等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞及be動(dòng)詞的句子中,為了強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中一些副詞there,here,up,down,in,out,away等，可將副詞置于句首，若這時(shí)主語是名詞，句子用全倒裝；若是代詞，則不用倒裝。

[典例]

1)Therecomestheteacherandherstudents.老師和她的學(xué)生們來了。

2)Outrushedtheboys.男孩們沖了出去。找教案//

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)年輕的母親抱著手里兩個(gè)月大的嬰兒跑開了。

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2)走進(jìn)來了生氣的老板和他的秘書。

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Keys:1)Awayranthemotherwithatwo-month-oldbabyinherarms.2)Incametheangrybossandhissecretary.3.Asimovbeganhavingstoriespublishedinsciencefictionmagazinesin1939.1939年，阿西莫夫開始在科幻雜志上發(fā)表文章。

[解釋]

havesth.done表示“請(qǐng)某人做某事”，或“遭遇到某事”(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系)

havesb.do讓某人做……

havesb./sth.doing讓……不停地做……

[典例]

1)Wehadourphototakenbyapasser-by.我們請(qǐng)了個(gè)過路人給我們照相。

2)Becareful.It’seasytohaveyourpocketpickedinacrowdlikethis.小心點(diǎn)，在這樣的人群中容易被偷。

3)Thecoachhasusdoingthesamethingallday.It’sboring.教練讓我們整天做同樣的事情，真乏味

4)Asyouhaveneverbeentherebefore,I’llhavesomeoneshowyoutheway.既然你以前沒去過，那我找人帶你去。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)與對(duì)手角逐時(shí)，他大腿受傷了不得不放棄比賽。

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2)殘忍的老板讓他的工人們整天工作。

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3)班主任讓班長(zhǎng)他不在時(shí)管理班級(jí)。

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Keys:1)Whenstrugglingwiththecompetitor,hehadhislegbrokenandhadtogiveupthematch.2)Thecruelbosshadhisemployeesworkingallthemorning.3)Theheadteacherhadthemonitormanagethewholeclasswhenhewasabsence.二、課文要點(diǎn)

1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）

根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：

Arobotusedforhouseworkwastested1inafamily.Helookedlikeatallandhandsomemanwithsmoothblackhair,2(speak)inadeepvoice.Larrywasgoingtobeawayfromhomesohehiredsucharobotto3（陪伴）hiswifeClaire.Clairedidn’tliketheideaatthebeginning,butshe4toitatlast.AtthefirstsightofTony,Clairefeltembarrassed.5（漸漸地）,TonybegantowinClaire’strust.HehelpedClairerealizeherdreams6makingherhomeelegant,givingheranewhaircut,changingthemakeupsheworeandgivingheradviceonherdresses.Thereforeatthepartyallsheguests7wereinvitedwerefilledwithadmiration8theysawherhousewascompletelychanged.9thetest,thecompanywassatisfiedwithTony’sreportbecausehehadsuccessfullymadeawomanregainherconfidence10fallinlovewithhim.答案：1.out2.speaking3.accompany4.agreed5.Gradually6.by7.who

8.when9.After10.and2課文大意概括（旨在訓(xùn)練用30個(gè)單詞概括大意的能力）

閱讀課文，試著用30個(gè)單詞概括課文大意，再比較答案

在Clair家接受測(cè)試的機(jī)器人Tony能幫上她很多忙。Clair漸漸地愛上了他因?yàn)樗侨绱送昝赖囊粋€(gè)人。這使得這個(gè)機(jī)器人不得不再重新組裝。

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案：Tony,arobotwhichwastestedoutinClair’sfamilycouldhelpedClairealot.ClairegraduallyfellinlovewithTonybecausehewassuchaperfectman,whichcausedtherobottoberebuilt.3課文佳句背誦與仿寫（旨在培養(yǎng)對(duì)難句的理解和運(yùn)用能力）

1.Hewastallandhandsomewithsmoothhairandadeepvoicealthoughhisfacialexpressionneverchanged.

他雖然面部表情毫無變化，但是個(gè)子高大、相貌英俊，頭發(fā)平整，聲音低沉渾厚。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]描寫人物時(shí)使用多種修飾語

她是個(gè)善良可愛的小姑娘園園的臉，大大的眼睛，雪白的牙齒，留著波浪般的長(zhǎng)發(fā)

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答案：Sheisakindandlovelygirl,witharoundface,bigeyes,whiteteethandlongwavinghair.
他是個(gè)長(zhǎng)相很滑稽的男人，長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的胡須而沒有頭發(fā)

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答案：Heisafunny-lookingman,withathickmoustachebutnohairleft.
找教案//

2.AlsoshefeltherhomewasntelegantenoughforsomeonelikeLarrywhowantedtoimprovehissocialposition.還有對(duì)于像拉里這樣很想提高社會(huì)地位的人來說，她的家也不夠高雅。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]Ais＋adjforsomeonelikeBwho-從句

對(duì)于像他的班長(zhǎng)那樣想考入名牌大學(xué)的人來說，Tom覺得自己還不夠勤奮。

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答案：Tomthinkshehimselfisn’tdiligentenoughforsomeonelikehismonitorwhowishestoenterafamousuniversity2yearslater.

對(duì)于像他的哥哥那樣想成為一名大作家的人來說，John覺得自己還不夠聰明。

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答案：Johnfelthehimselfisnotcleverenoughforsomeonelikehisbrotherwhowantstobeafamouswriter.3.IsaacAsimovwasAmericanscientistandwriterwhowrotearound480booksthatincludedmysterystories,scienceandhistorybooks,andevenbooksabouttheHolyBibleandShakespeare.艾薩克·阿西莫夫是美國的科學(xué)家兼作家，他寫過480本書，包括怪誕小說，科學(xué)和歷史方面的書，甚至還寫過有關(guān)圣經(jīng)和莎士比亞的書。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：一個(gè)復(fù)合句中含有兩個(gè)定語從句

卓別林是一位偉大的演員，他飾演了70多部電影，其中包括了無聲電影和有聲電影。

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答案：Chaplinisanoutstandingactorwhomademorethan70filmsthatincludesilentfilmsandsoundfilms.在過去或?qū)恚@本書都是我們心靈的禮物，它記載了帶來歡笑的瞬間和許多催人淚下的瞬間。

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答案：Thisbookisagiftforoursoul,whichrecordsboththemomentsthatcouldbringjoyandthemomentsthatcouldbringtears,inthepresentandthepast.

三、單元自測(cè)

1完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21—30各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

詞數(shù)：233

完成時(shí)間：14分鐘

難度：***

Iconsidermyselfsomethingofanexpertonapologies.Aquicktemperhasprovidedmewithplentyofopportunitiestomakethem.Inoneofmyearliest21,mymotheristellingme,"Dontwatchthe22whenyousay,Imsorry.Holdyourheadupandlookthepersoninthe23,sohellknowyoumeanit."

Mymotherthusmadethekeypointofasuccessfulapology:itmustbedirect.Youmustnever24tobedoingsomethingelse.Youdonotlookthroughapileofletterswhileapologizingtoaperson25inpositionafterblaminghimorherforamistakethatturnedouttobeyourfault.Youdonotapologizetoahostess,whoseguestofhonoryoutreat26,bysendingflowersthenextdaywithoutmentioningyourbadmanners.

Oneoftheimportantthingsyoushoulddoforaneffectiveapologyisreadinessto27theresponsibilityforourcarelessmistakes.Weareusedtomakingexcuses,whichleavesno28fortheotherpersontoforgiveus.Sincemostpeopleareopen-hearted,theno-excuseapologyleavesbothpartiesfeeling29aboutthemselves.That,afterall,isthepurposeofeveryapology.It30littlewhethertheapologizeriswhollyoronlypartlyatfault:answeringforonesactionsencouragesotherstotaketheirshareoftheblame.

21.A.dreamsB.coursesC.memoriesD.ideas

22.A.sideB.groundC.wallD.bottom

23.A.mindB.soulC.faceD.eye

24.A.pretendB.forgetC.refuseD.expect

25.A.poorerB.weakerC.worseD.lower

26.A.cruellyB.freelyC.roughlyD.foolishly

27.A.raiseB.performC.admitD.bear

28.A.situationB.needC.signD.room

29.A.wiserB.warmerC.betterD.cleverer

30.A.caresB.mattersC.dependsD.remains

[答案解析]

21．C名詞詞義辨析。緊接著的就是作者回憶出來的內(nèi)容。

22．B與后面提到的“要抬起頭”正好相反。

23．D道歉時(shí)看著對(duì)方的眼睛，以示真誠，在這一點(diǎn)上中西方是一樣的。

24．A動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)常識(shí)選定。

25．D詞語搭配。職位一般論的是高、低。

26．C副詞詞詞義辨析。roughly此處表示對(duì)待客人不禮貌，服務(wù)不到位。

27．D詞語搭配。beartheresponsibility承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

28．D名詞詞義辨析。leavenoroom不留余地。

29．Cbetter表示“心情更舒暢”。未找借口的道歉，即真誠的道歉，對(duì)方的感覺一定很好。

30．B道歉者是全部還是部分承擔(dān)責(zé)任這些都不太重要：關(guān)鍵是為所作所為主動(dòng)負(fù)責(zé)，這也能促使別人共同承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

2語法填空

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為31-40的相應(yīng)位置上。

詞數(shù)：147

完成時(shí)間：7分鐘

難度：***

Theoriginsofthemusicareas31(interest)asthemusicitself.Jazz32(invent)byAmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,33werebroughttotheSouthernstatesasslaves.Theyweresoldtofarmownersand34(force)toworklonghoursinthecottonandtobaccofields.35aNegrodied,36friendsandrelativeswouldgatherandcarrythebodytohaveaceremony37theyburiedhim.Therewasalwaysabandwiththem.Onthewaytotheceremonythebandplayedslow,solemnmusic38（suit)forthesituation.Butonthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Everyonewashappy.Death39(remove)oneoftheirmembers,but40livingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.ItwasanearlyformofJazz.

答案：

31．interesting32．wasinvented33．who34．forced35．When36．his37．before

38．suitable39．hadremoved40．the

31．interesting．令人有趣的……

32．wasinvented.Jazz是過去被黑人發(fā)明的，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

33．who．引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語從句，指代前面的AmericanNegroes，orblacks，在從句中作主語。

34．forced．與前面的“theyweresold并列，省略了theywere。

35．When．引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。

36．his．根據(jù)這句話的最后一個(gè)單詞him可以得知答案。

37．before．儀式是在埋葬死人之前舉行的，所以用before。

38．suitable．(be)suitblefor固定搭配，形容詞短語作后置定語，修飾前面的slow,solemnmusic。

39．hadremoved．因?yàn)閞emove這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去動(dòng)作changed,1ifted，washappy，wereglad等的前面，所以要過去完成時(shí)。

40．the．the十a(chǎn)dj．表—類人，theliving指“活著的人”。

3閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

詞數(shù)：335

完成時(shí)間：7分鐘

難度：****

AbadWorkingMemory(大腦的工作記憶)–thebrainstemporarystoragebox--mayexplain,newresearchsuggests,whyonechildcannotreadhisorherhistorybookandanothergetslostinmath.Asmanyas10percentofschool-agechildrenmaysufferfrompoorworkingmemory.Britishresearcherssaidinareportlastweek,yettheproblemisrarelyidentified.找教案//

"Youcanthinkofworkingmemoryasapuremeasureofyourchildspotential.ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ(智商),becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictors(預(yù)示物)oflearningability,saidDr.TraceyAllowayofBritain’sDurhamUniversity.

Manychildrenwithpoorworkingmemoryareconsideredlazyordull.Workingmemoryallowspeopletoholdintheirmindsanddealwithafewitems,suchastelephonenumbers,overashortperiodoftime.Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.Itsimportant,therefore,toputintherightthings.Irrelevant(不相關(guān)的)informationwillclutterworkingmemory.

Thequestionmanyresearchersarestrugglingwithishowtohelpchildrenwiththisproblem,whichappearstobeclosely,relatedtoalackofattention.

"Inchildrenwithlearningdifficulties,itbecomesahugeissue,especiallyaroundmiddleschool,whenthedemandsonworkingmemoryreallygrow,"saidDr.MelLevine,co-founderofAllKindsofMinds,anonprofitorganizationinNorthCarolinathatstudieslearningdifficulties.

Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.Allowayhasatoolthatallowsteacherstoassess(評(píng)定)theworking-memorycapacityofchildrenasyoungas4;ithasbeenusedin35schoolsacrossBritain.

Levine’sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned,whichisworkingwithseveralthousandschoolsacrosstheUnitedStates,CanadaandEurope.Whileheisnotsureworkingmemorycanbeexpanded,Levinesaidchildrencanbetaughtwaystodobetterinschool.

41.Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofworkingmemory?

A.Ithasalimitedcapacity.

B.Itisusuallybetterinchildrenthanadults.

C.Itimproveswithuse.

D.Itcancausealackofattention.

42.Accordingtothenewresearch,___________.

A.theimportanceofworkingmemoryhasbeenlongrecognized

B.workingmemoryisbecomingrecognizedasafactorinintelligence

C.lazinesscanweakenworkingmemory

D.workingmemoryhelpspeoplerememberthingsforever

43.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"clutter"inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Change.B.Improve.C.Strengthen.D.Confuse.

44.Whichofthefollowingmayhelpimproveachildsworkingmemory?

A.Expandingthebrainsstoragebox.

B.Trainingthememory.

C.Rememberingmorethings.

D.Beingremindedfrequently.

45.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.MelLevinehas___________.

A.inventedtoolstohelpimproveachildsworkingmemory

B.foundedanorganizationtotrainteacherstohelpstudentswiththisproblem

C.identifiedtheproblemclearly

D.comparedworkingmemorytoabox

答案：

本文介紹了學(xué)習(xí)障礙兒童（如數(shù)學(xué)障礙兒童）大腦的“工作記憶”容量方面的研究情況。大腦的“工作記憶”不好，會(huì)使孩子不能專心讀書，百分之十的孩子有這方面的問題。很多心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為應(yīng)該把大腦的“工作記憶”可以看作是一種新智商，因?yàn)樗梢苑从橙说膶W(xué)習(xí)能力。Alloway把大腦的“工作記憶”比作一個(gè)盒子，并認(rèn)為它的容量是有限的。文章還告訴我們記憶訓(xùn)練可以幫助改善“工作記憶”。

41.A。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Allowaycomparesworkingmemorytoabox.Foradults,thebasicboxsizeisthoughttobethreetofiveitems.”可知人的“工作記憶”就像一個(gè)盒子，它的容量是有限的。

42.B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“ManypsychologistsconsiderworkingmemorytobethenewIQ,becausewefindthatworkingmemoryisoneofthemostimportantpredictorsoflearningability”可知，很多心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為workingmemory是一種新的智商，因?yàn)檠芯空甙l(fā)現(xiàn)workingmemory是衡量一個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)能力的最重要的指標(biāo)之一，因此可以把它看作是預(yù)測(cè)孩子智力的一個(gè)重要因素。

43.D。猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)第三段可知人的workingmemory是有限的，因此要去記那些重要的信息，不相關(guān)的信息只會(huì)使記憶更加混亂，所以選D。

44.B。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“Memorytrainingmayhelpimproveworkingmemory.”可知進(jìn)行記憶訓(xùn)練會(huì)有助于改善“工作記憶”，因此B正確。

45.B。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Levine’sorganizationtrainsteachersthroughaprogramcalledSchoolsAttuned”可知，Levine成立一個(gè)組織，這個(gè)組織培訓(xùn)老師，然后讓老師們幫助學(xué)生改善“工作記憶”。

4.讀寫任務(wù)

閱讀下面一篇一位美國朋友希望找個(gè)中國大學(xué)生作為游伴的博客短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。

Im19-year-old,namedBoobiSmith,ayoungcollegestudentfromUSA.IherebyearnestlyinviteaChineseyoungcollegestudentpreferringtomakeathree-weektouringtripwithmeinChina.

Myplan,basedonsometravellinginformationontheInternet,istosetoffnextweekendwhenthesummervacationofficiallybegins.ThefirststopisKunming,theworld-renownedcityforitsbeautyandmildtemperature.Wellgettherebytrainandstaytherefor2days,andthenwellheadforJinggangshan,aformerrevolutionarybaseaswellasanaturalbeautyspot.Aftera3-dayvisitthere,wewilltakealong-distancecoachtoanearbyportcitybytheChangjiangRiverandboardadownstreamshiptoShanghai,sothatwecanenjoythegreatsceneryalongsidethethirdlongestriverintheworld.Aseverybodyknows,ShanghaiisthebusiestandfastestdevelopingcityinChina.Idliketohavealookatitsprosperity,sothestaytherewillbeabouthalfaweek.A4-dayvisittothesetwocitiesnearShanghaiisamust.Alltogether,ourtripwilllastaboutthreeweeks.

Ionlyexpectthatmytravel-matecouldsplittheexpenseswithme,andtalkwithmeinEnglish,andheorshewouldbeanexcellentguide.

Thoseinterestedpleasecontactmethroughemail(SmithBoobie@ssnet.com).

[寫作內(nèi)容]

假如你叫李華，是一名就讀大學(xué)生。你想和Boobie結(jié)伴同游。你寫一封電子郵件和他聯(lián)系，

談?wù)勀銓?duì)這次同游的計(jì)劃的打算，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括：

1．以約30個(gè)詞概括Boobie的博客短文的要點(diǎn)；

2．然后以約120個(gè)詞談?wù)勀銓?duì)這次同游計(jì)劃的打算，內(nèi)容包括：

(1)對(duì)Boobie這次中國之游的感受；

(2)對(duì)Boobie的日程安排、費(fèi)用分擔(dān)情況和相關(guān)要求表示贊同，并說明贊同理由；

(3)你對(duì)Boobie來華旅游的祝愿和希望。

[寫作要求]

1．作文中可使用自己的親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用

原文中的句子；郵件的開頭、結(jié)尾已寫好。

2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。

[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]概括準(zhǔn)確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫：

[寫作輔導(dǎo)]

1．寫作有可能用到的主要短語和單詞：中國之旅thejourneyinChina,安排arrangeforsth．

2．本文的概要必須包含以下要點(diǎn)：IherebyearnestlyinviteaChineseyoungcollegestudentpreferringtomakeathree-weektouringtripwithmeinChina./Myplan,basedonsometravelinginformationontheInternet,istosetoffnextweekend..../Ionlyexpectthatmytravel-matecouldsplittheexpenseswithme,andtalkwithmeinEnglish,andheorshewouldbeanexcellentguide.

3．本文要注意，概要一定要根據(jù)文段的時(shí)態(tài)來寫。同時(shí)，絕對(duì)不能抄襲原文的句子。文章對(duì)Boobie的日程安排、費(fèi)用分擔(dān)情況和相關(guān)要求表示贊同，并說明贊同理由；對(duì)Boobie這次中國之游的感受；對(duì)Boobie來華旅游的祝愿和希望等內(nèi)容，屬于評(píng)論性文字和結(jié)論性的觀點(diǎn)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)態(tài)。

DearBoobie,

Hi,IamaChinesecollegestudent.Inyourblog,

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答案:DearBoohie,

Hi,IamaChinesecollegestudent.Inyourblog,Iknowthatyouwantatravel-matewhowillgowithyoutohaveathree-weektripinChina.Youalsooffermesomeinformationindetailsaboutthetravelplanandotherrequirementsaboutthistrip.

Iamabsolutelydelightedtogetsuchatravel-matefromtheUSA.Youcanenjoythebeautyofourcountry.Meanwhile,youwillbemygoodhelpertomyEnglishstudy.

Ishareyouropinionaboutyourplan.IhaveneverbeentoKunming,Jianggangshan,theChangjiangRiverandShanghai.ThisismyfirsttripwithanativeEnglishspeakertotravelinChina,whichisofgreathelptoimprovemyEnglish.IalsoliketosharetheexpenseswithyoubecauseIdontneedtoaskmyparentsformoremoney.AndIhaveworkedasapart-timeguidefortwoyearsduringmycollegelife,soIwillbeyouridealguide.

Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply,andyouwillenjoyyourjourneyinChina.

YoursTruly,

LiHua

高考英語Unit2Robots復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)教案