小學(xué)英語復(fù)習(xí)課教案
發(fā)表時間：2021-05-022011屆中考英語虛擬語氣專題復(fù)習(xí)。
2011屆中考英語虛擬語氣專題復(fù)習(xí)
虛擬語氣是通過特殊的謂語動詞形式來表達(dá)的愿望、假設(shè)、懷疑、猜測或建議等語氣，它不表示客觀存在。
1、虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中
（1）表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用“過去式（be動詞的過去式用were）”，而主句中的謂語動詞用“would/should/could/might+動詞原形”。如：
IfIwereaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.
Ifthehadtime,sheshouldgowithyou.
（2）表示與過去的事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用過去完成時，主句中的謂語動詞則用“would/should/might/could+have+過去分詞”。如：
Ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceededinthecompetition.
（3）表示與將來事實相反，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞一般過去時或should(wereto)+動詞原形，而主句中的謂語動詞則用would/should/couldmight+動詞原形。如：
Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.
（4）當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時間作相應(yīng)調(diào)整。如：
Iftheyhadworkedhard,theywouldbeverytired.(從句說的是過去，主句指的是現(xiàn)在)
以下表格是虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中時，主句和從句謂語動詞的形式：
條件狀語從句主句與過去事實相反had+過去分詞should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞與現(xiàn)在事實相反一般過去時(be用were)would/should/could/might+動詞原形與將來事實相反
一般過去時或should(wereto)+動詞原形
Would/should/cold/might+動詞原形
有時侯在使用時可省略if，句子則可換成下列形式，即“were/had/should+主語”。如：
WereIaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.
Hadhetakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.
Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoBritain.
2、虛擬語氣用于名詞性從句
（1）虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運(yùn)用。
①“wish+賓語從句”表示不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“要是……就好了”等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時；表示將來不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“would/could+動詞原形”；表示過去不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”或“could(should)+have+過去分詞”。如：
Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.
IwishIhadknowntheanswer.
IwishIcouldflylikeabird.
②在表示建議、要求、命令等的動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order等后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用should+動詞原形或是動詞原形。如：
Shesuggestedwe(should)leavehereatonce.
Thedoctororderedsheshouldbeoperated.
（2）虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運(yùn)用。
作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表語從句和同位語從句，從句中的謂語動詞用“（should）+動詞原形”。如：
Hissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoShanghaiiswonderful.
Myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars.
（3）虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運(yùn)用。
在主語從句中，謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用“should+動詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示驚奇、不相信、理應(yīng)如此等。如：
Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday.
Itwasapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)thatyoushouldbesocareless.
Itwillbedesired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)thatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon.
注意：這種從句表示的是事實。如果說人對這種事實表現(xiàn)出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語氣。反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，that從句也可用陳述句語氣。如：
Itispitythatyoucan’tswim.
3、虛擬語氣在其他場合的運(yùn)用
（1）虛擬語氣在asif/asthough、evenif/eventhough等引導(dǎo)的表語從句或狀語從句中，如果從句表示的動作發(fā)生在過去，用過去完成時；指現(xiàn)在狀況，則用一般過去時；指將來狀況則用過去將來時。如：
Hediditasifhewereanexpert.
Evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem.
（2）虛擬語氣用于定語從句中。
這種從句常用于句型“Itis(high)time(that)…”中，定語從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時(be用were)或should+動詞原形，意思是“(現(xiàn)在)該……”。如：
It’stimethatIpickedupmydaughter.
It’shightimeweweregoing.
（3）虛擬語氣用在ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中。如：
IfonlyIwereabird.
IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice.
（4）虛擬語氣在一些簡單句中的運(yùn)用。
①情態(tài)動詞的過去式用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時，表示說話人謙虛、客氣、有禮貌或語氣委婉，常出現(xiàn)在日常會話中。如：
Itwouldbebetterforyounottostayuptoolate.
Wouldyoubekindenoughtoclosethedoor?
②用于一些習(xí)慣表達(dá)法中。如：
Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?
Iwouldrathernottellyou.
4、精典名題導(dǎo)解
1.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_______.(NMET95)
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
解析：答案為C。本題考查的是asif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中的語氣問題，asif引導(dǎo)的狀語從句如果與事實一致，不用虛擬語氣，如果與事實相反，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。題中“當(dāng)鉛筆的一部分浸在水中，鉛筆看上去好像斷了”。而實際上鉛筆并未斷，與事實相反，前半部分陳述是一般現(xiàn)在時，因而本句是對一般現(xiàn)在時的虛擬，用werebroken。
2.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe___________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.(NMET94)
A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome
解析：答案為D。本題考查的是if條件句中的虛擬語氣。題意是：我在會議上沒看到你姐姐，故你姐姐沒來。因此如果“她來了”與事實相反，前面一句交代了虛擬語氣的時態(tài)是一般過去時的虛擬，所以if從句中用had+過去分詞。
3.—Ifhe___________,he________thatfood.
—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.(NMET93)
A.waswarned;wouldnottake
B.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken
C.wouldbewarned;hadnottaken
D.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken
解析：答案為B。本題考查的是條件狀語從句與主句表示與事實相反時虛擬語氣的用法。根據(jù)下一句語境可知，他事先并沒有得到警告，表示過去時間的虛擬語氣，故選B。
4.Iftherewerenosubjunctive,English______mucheasier.(NMET)
A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe
5.Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody______therules.(NMET)
A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey
解析：根據(jù)insist后的賓語從句謂語要用(should)do形式規(guī)律，可定正確答案是B。
6.IwishI_____youyesterday.
A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee
解析：此題表與過去事實相反的原望，答案應(yīng)為C。
7.——Ifhe_____,he_____thatfood.
——Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.(NMET)
A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken
C.wuldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken
解析：從對話看，是表達(dá)與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故答案為B。
8.Withoutelectricityhumanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.(NMET)
A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
解析：without引出一個含蓄條件句，主句表述的是與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，故答案為D。
9.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit_____.(NMET)
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
解析：放入水中的鉛筆看上去是斷的，但實際上并非如此，因此是與現(xiàn)在的事實相反，這時asif從句謂語要用一般過去時，故答案為C。
10.Ididnhe_____,hewouldhavesaidhellotome.
A.wouldcomeB.hadcomeC.cameD.didcome
解析：觀察題目上下文，特別是第二句的主句謂語為wouldhavesaid，可知if從句表述的是與過去事實相反的愿望，因此答案為B。
11._____it_____foryourhelp,Icouldnhavemadeanyprogress.
A.Had;notbeenB.Should;notbeC.Did;notbeD.Not;be
解析：根據(jù)主句謂語形式，可知從句要用haddone形式，故應(yīng)選A，Haditnotbeenforyourhelp＝Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp.（要不是你幫忙的話）
12.MrSmithwasbadlyill,orhe_____ourdinnerparty.
A.shouldcometoB.wouldhaveattended
C.wouldcometoD.shouldhaveattended
解析：or可引導(dǎo)含蓄條件句，表達(dá)虛擬語氣。根據(jù)此題內(nèi)容，可知是與過去事實相反的假設(shè)，故答案為B。
擴(kuò)展閱讀
2011屆中考英語閱讀理解專題復(fù)習(xí)1
Researchers(研究者)haveannounced(宣布)theresultoftwostudiesonthehealtheffectsofthedrugaspirin(阿斯匹林).Onestudyshowsaspirincansharplyreducethechancethatahealthy,oldermanwillsufferfromaheartattack(心臟病).
Thestudyofferedtwonewresultsfromearlierfindings.Itsaidtakingoneaspirinpilleveryotherdayhelpedonlyhealthymenovertheageoffifty.Italsosaidaspiringavethegreatestprotectionagainstheartattackstomenwithlowbloodcholesterol(膽固醇)levels.
EarlierintheUnitedStatesbeganamajoraspirinstudyintheearly1980s.Itincluded22,000healthymendoctors.Allwerebetweentheagesoffortyandeighty-four.Morethan11,000ofthedoctorstookaharmlesspillthatcontainednodrug.Themendidnotknowwhichkindofpilltheyweretaking.
Thedoctorswhotookaspirinsuffered44%fewerheartattacksthanthosetakingtheharmlesspill.139menwhotookaspirinsufferedfromheartattacks.Tenofthemdied.239menwhodidnottakeaspirinsufferedfromheartattacks.Twenty-sixofthemdied.
Theresearcherssaidthedoctors’studyprovidesclearproofthattakingaspirincanpreventafirstheartattackinhealthy,oldermen.Theysaid,however,theresultdoesnotmeaneverymanovertheageoffiftyshouldtakeaspirin.Theysaidaspirincouldn’thelpmenwhodonoteathealthyfoods,whosmokecigarettesandwhoarefat.Theresearcherssaidmenwhothinktheywouldbehelpedbytakingaspirinshouldtalkwiththeirdoctorsfirst.
1.Thepassagetellsusthatthenewuseofaspirinis______.
A.totreatheartdisease
B.toreducepainwhileonesuffersfromaheartattack
C.tohelpoldpeopletobemorehealthy
D.toreducethechanceofaheartattackinoldmen
2.Aspirincanhelpthosewho______.
AworkasdoctorsB.areunder40yearsold
C.arefatandsmokecigarettesD.areolderandhealthy
3.Atlasttheresearchersadvisedustotakeaspirin______.
A.withcareB.asmuchaswelike
C.everydayD.onlyconsideringtheage
4.Fromtheexperimentwecanconcludethatabout_____ofpeoplewhosufferedfromheartattackswithoutaspirindied.
A.7%B.11%C.19%D.44%
Passage24
Itseemstobestrangetoyouthereisablindspot(盲點)ontheeyes.Hereisaninterestingexperiment(實驗)thatcanmakesomethingdisappear,whenoneeyeisopen.
MakeacardaboutthesizeofapostcardandwritetwoEnglishlettersLandRonit,LontheleftandRontheright.First,holdthecardabout80cmawayandyouseeboththeletters.ThencloseyourrighteyeandlookattheletterRonlywithyourlefteye.Andnow,asyoumovethecardslowlytowardsyou,you’llfindtheletterLdisappearing.Butifyoumovethecardnearertoyourface,theletterwillbeseenagain.Nowdothesameexperimentwithyourlefteyeclosed,you’llfindtheletterRdisappearing.
Whydoestheletterdisappear?Itisbecausethereisablindspotontheeye.Whentheimage(影像)oftheletterfallsontheblindspot,itwon’tbeseen.Thatiswhyeitherofthelettersdisappears.
1.Thewriterofthepassagethinksthat_____thereisablindspotontheeye.
A.fewpeopleknowB.nooneknowsC.mostpeopleknowD.allthepeopleknow
2.Theword“disappear”inthepassagemeans________inChinese.
A.驅(qū)散B.消散C.消失D.遺失
3.YoufailtoseetheletterLintheexperimentbecause___________.
A.youreyesarepoorB.itsimagefallsontheblindspot
D.yourlefteyeisnotopenC.youmoveitclosetoyoureye
4.Inwhichorder(順序)shouldyoudotheexperiment?
①Holdthecard②Movethecardnearer③Closeyourrighteye
④WritetwoEnglishletters⑤LookattheletterR⑥Makeacard
A.④⑥①②③⑤B.①③⑥④⑤②C.⑥①④③②⑤D.⑥④①③⑤②
5.Thepassagemainly(主要)tellsus_______.
A.howtofindtheblindspotB.aninterestingexperiment
C.wheretheblindspotisD.thereisblindspotontheeye
Passage25
Differentweathermakespeoplefeeldifferent.Itinfluences(影響)health,intelligence(智力)andfeelings.
InAugust,itisveryhotandwetinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates.Peopletherehavehearttroubleandotherkindsofhealthproblemsduringthismonth.IntheNortheastandtheMiddleWest,itisveryhotatsometimesandeverycoldatothertimes.PeopleinthesestateshavemorehearttroubleaftertheweatherchangesinFebruaryorMarch.
Theweathercanalsoinfluenceintelligence.Forexample,ina1983reportbyscientists,IQ(智商)ofagroupstudentswereveryhighwhenaverystrongwindcame,butafterthestrongwind,theirIQwas10%below.Thewindcanhelppeoplehavemoreintelligence.Veryhotweather,ontheotherhand(另一方面),canmakeitlower.StudentsinmanyschoolsoftheUnitedStatesoftengetworseonexamsinthehotmonthsoftheyear(JulyandAugust).
Weatheralsohasastronginfluenceonpeople’sfeelings.Wintermaybeabadtimeforthinpeople.Theyusuallyfeelcoldduringthesemonths.Theymightfeelunhappyduringcoldweather.Butfatpeoplemayhaveahardtimeinhotsummer.Atabout18C,peoplebecomestronger.
Lowairpressure(氣壓)maymakepeopleforgetful.Peopleleavemorebagsonbusesandinshopsonlow-pressuredays.Therearea“goodweather”forwordandhealth.Peoplefeelbestatatemperatureofabout18centigrade(攝氏度).
Areyoufeelingsad,tired,forgetful,orunhappytoday?Itmaybetheweather’sproblem.
1.____canhaveabadeffect(作用)onhealth.
A.HotandwetweatherB.Goodweather
C.WarmweatherD.Highintelligence
2.Peoplemayhavemoreintelligencewhen_____comes.
A.arainB.veryhotweather
C.astrongwindD.lowairpressure
3.Lowairpressuremaymakepeople_______.
A.forgetfulB.sadC.angryD.tired
4.In“goodweather”of18centigrade,_______.
A.peopleareveryforgetfulB.peoplecan’tdotheirworkwell
C.thinpeoplefeelcoldD.peopleareinbetterhealth
5.Thewriterwantstotellusthat_______.
A.hotandcoldweatherinfluencesallpeopleinthesameway
B.weatherinfluencespeople’slives
C.IQneverchangesduringweatherchanges
D.Thereisagoodkindofweatherforpeople’sworkandhealth
2011屆中考英語閱讀理解專題復(fù)習(xí)教案
Passage13
Henrywasanofficeworkerinabigcity.Heworkedveryhardandenjoyedtravelinginhisholidays.
Heusuallywenttotheseaside,butoneyearhesawanadvertisementinanewspaper.“Enjoycountrylife.SpendafewweeksatWestHillFarm.Goodfood.Freshair.Horseriding.Walking.Fishing.Cheapandinteresting.”
“Thissoundsagoodidea,”hethought.“I’llspendamonthatWestHillFarm.IthinkIcanenjoyhorseriding,walkingandfishing.They’llmakeachangefromsittingbytheseasideandswimming.”
Hewrotetothefarmer.IntheletterhesaidthathewouldliketospendallofJulythere.ThenonthefirstofJuly,heleftforWestHillFarm.
Butfourdayslater,hereturnedhome.
“WhatwaswrongwithWestHillFarm?”hisbestfriend,Ed,askedhim.“Didn’tyouenjoycountrylife?”
“Countrylifewasverygood,”Henrysaid.“Buttherewasanotherproblem.”
“Oh.What?”
“Well,”hesaid,“thefirstdayIwasthereasheepdied,andwehadroastmuttonfordinner.”
“Whatswrongwiththat?”Edasked.“Freshmeatisthebest.”
“Iknow,butontheseconddayacowdied,andwehadroastbeeffordinner.”
“Luckyyou!”
“Youdontunderstand,”Henrysaid.“Onthethirddayapigdiedandwehadroastporkfordinner.”
“Adifferentmeateveryday,”Edsaidloudly,“andyouarecomplaining!”
“Letmefinish,”Henrysaid.“Onthefourthdaythefarmerdied,andIdidntdare(敢)stayfordinner!”
1.HowdidHenryfindoutaboutthefarm?
A.Hesawitinanewspaperadvertisement.B.Hisbestfriendtoldhim.
C.Hewrotetothefarmer.D.Maybehelearneditfromtheradio.
2.Henrycamebackhomeseveraldayslaterbecause______________.
A.hedidntlikethecountrylifeatallB.thefarmerwasn’tfriendlytohim
C.hisholidaywasoverD.hethoughthemighthavetoeatthefarmer
3.“…andyouarecomplaining!”,theword“complain”means__________.
A.夸獎B.說三道四C.抱怨D.故弄玄虛
4.Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrue?
A.Edcouldeatadifferentkindofmeateveryday.
B.Henrythoughthecouldenjoyachange.
C.Henrycouldntthinkofanythingelsetodo,sohewenttothefarm.
D.Thefarmerdiedbecauseofthebadmeatheate.
5.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Whatabeautifulfarm!B.Haveagoodtime.
C.AshortholidayD.Henryandthefarmer.
Passage14
Afterreturningfromherroundtrip,theangrywomanstoodoutsidetheticketofficeofthestation.“Therailwayowesme12pounds,”shesaidtoHarryJenks,theyoungmanworkingattheoffice.”YousoldmeaticketforMay22nd,buttherewasnoshipfromJerseythatnight.SomydaughterandIhadtostayinahotel.Itcostme12pounds.”
Harrywasworried.Herememberedsellingthewomanareturnticket.“Comeintotheoffice,Madam,”hesaidpolitely.“I’lljustchecktheJerseytimetableforMay22nd.”
Thewomanandherlittlegirlfollowedhiminside.Shewasquiteright,asHarrysoondiscovered.TherewasnosailingonMay22nd.Howcouldhehavemadesuchacarelessmistake?Heshouldn’thavesoldheraticketforthatday.Wonderingwhattodo,hesmiledatthechild.“Youlooksunburnt,”hesaidtoher.“DidyouhaveaniceholidayinJersey?”
“Yes,”sheanswered,shyly.“Thebeachwaslovely.AndIcanswimtoo!”
“That’sfine,”saidHarry.“Mylittlegirlcan’tswimabityet.Ofcourse,she’sonlythree…”
“I’mfour,”thechildsaidproudly.“I’llbefourandahalf.”
Harryturnedtothemother.“Irememberyourticket,Madam,”hesaid.“Butyoudidn’tgetoneforyourdaughter,didyou?”
“Er,well…”thewomanlookedatthechild.“Imean…shehasn’tstartedschoolyet,she’sonlyfour.”
“Afour-year-oldchildmusthaveaticket,Madam.Achild’sreturntickettoJerseycosts…letmesee…13.50pounds.Thelawisthelaw,butsincethemistakeismine….”
Thewomanstoodup,tookthechild’shandandlefttheoffice.
1.Thewomanwasangrybecause__________.
A.shecouldn’tusetheticketforherroundtrip
B.shehadtoreturnhomeadayearlierthanshehadplanned
C.shespentmoremoneythanshehadexpected
D.HarryhadsoldheratickettoJerseywheretherewasnosailing
2.Harrywasworried__________.
A.thewomanwasangrywithhim
B.hehadnotdonehisworkcarefully
C.theJerseytimetablewaswrong
D.thelittlegirldidn’thaveareturnticket
3.Harrystartedtalkingtothelittlegirl___________.
A.becausehewasintroubleanddidnotknowwhattodo
B.becausehehadalittlegirlaboutthesameageasthisgirl
C.becausehewantedtobefriendlytothelittlegirlwholookedsonice
D.whenhesuddenlyrealizedthathecouldfindawayoutfromthelittlegirl
4.WhenHarrysaid,“Thelawisthelaw,butsincethemistakewasmine…”hemeantthat______________.
A.theymustfollowitwithoutotherchoice,eventhoughthemistakewashis
B.hehadtobestrictwiththewomanbecauseofthelaw,althoughhedidn’twantto
C.thewomanhadtopayhim1.50poundsandtherailwaywouldpayherforthehotel
D.sheshouldpay1.50pounds,buthehadmadeamistake,shecouldgowithoutpaying
5.Thewomanlefttheofficewithoutsayinganythingbecause_______________.
A.shewantedtogohomeandgetmoneyforthechild’sticket
B.shewassoangrythatshedidn’twanttohaveanythingmoretodowiththeyoungman
C.shewasmoved(感動)byHarry’skindness
D.sheknewshewouldhavetopaytherailwayifsheinsisted(堅持)
Passage15
Threetravelers,Allan,CarlandPaulweresittingonthechairsinatrainstation.Theywerewaitingforatrainthatwasverylate.
Topassthetime,theybegantalkingtoeachother.
Atfirst,theytalkedabouttheweatherandtheirwork.ThenPaulsaid,"Tellme—whatwouldyoumostliketodoifyourdoctortellyouthatyouhaveonlythreemonthstolive?"
Theothertwomenthoughtaboutthisforawhile,thenCarlspoke.
“Well,”hesaid,“ifIhaveonlythreemonthstolive,I’lltakeallmymoneyoutofthebankandgotoforeigncountriesforholidayswithmybestfriend,Erik.Idliketotraveltotheplacesintheworldasmanyaspossible.AndIllstayatthebesthotelsandtheneatthebestfood.IthinkIllhaveawonderfultime.”
“Thatsveryinteresting.”Paulsaid.
Withthesewords,heturnedtotheotherman,saying,“Andwhataboutyou?”
“Illtellyouasecret,”Allansaid.“Ialwayswanttobearacingdriver.SoifIhaveonlythreemonthstolive,thefirstthingIdliketodoistosellmyhouse.WiththemoneyI’llbuythefastestcarintheworld.MaybeIcanenterallthebigmotorraces.”
Thenhelaughed,"Imightevenendup(以……而告終)worldchampion.”
“Nowitsyourturn,”Allanwenton,“Ifyourdoctortellyouthebadnews,whatwouldyoumostliketodo?”
“Oh,”saidPaulwithasmile.“I’llgoandseeanotherdoctor.”
1.Thethreemenweretalking_____________.
A.inthepostofficeB.inthewaitingroom
C.onthetrainD.onthechairs
2.Themancalled________answeredthequestionfirst.
A.CarlB.AllanC.ErikD.Paul
3.Themenbegantotalkabouttheweatherandtheworkbecausethey__________.
A.didntknowanythingnewB.wantedtopassthetimequickly
C.hadnothingtodoD.wereveryinterestedineachotherswork
4."Imightevenendupworldchampion."Heretheword"champion"means________inChinese.
A.名人B.賽車手C.大款D.冠軍
5.Whichsentenceisrightaccordingtothepassage?
A.Thetraindidntarriveontime.
B.Paulwantedtobuyaracingcarverymuch.
C.Allanwasthesecondmantoanswerthequestion.
D.Carldidntliketravelingatall.
2011屆中考英語主要句式復(fù)習(xí)
主要句式
?(一)知識概要
?初中所學(xué)的句型一般要分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。?陳述句中有肯定句與否定句之分。其中可以分為以下五種：①主語+不及物動詞。如：Iarrivedatsixlastnight.②主語+及物動詞+賓語，如：IboughtagoodEnglish?ChineseDictionaryyesterday.③主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語，如：PleasetellmeastorybeforeIgotobed.這樣可加雙賓語的句子有buy,tell,give,ask,pass,teach.④主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語，如：Ifounditimpossibletodoit.Pleasekeeptheclassroomcleanandtidy.⑤主語+系動詞+表語，如：TomisanAmericanboy.Thegrassturnedgreeninspring.在初中常見的句型中有Therebe…句型，表示存在某種事物，如：Thereisamaponthewall?其be動詞的形式要與其后面相近的那個名詞相一致。要注意的是這種句型加入助動詞后，也要保持be動詞，不要換用have,如：Thereisgoingtobeameetingtomorrow.?在句子結(jié)構(gòu)中要注意主謂一致的問題，即句子的主語與謂語動詞要相呼應(yīng)。要注意的有如下幾點：①用and連接兩個主語時一般應(yīng)視為復(fù)數(shù)，但如一人身兼兩職時則要用單數(shù)謂語動詞形式，如：Asingeranddanceriscomingtoourparty.asingeranddancer既歌唱又可舞的演員。而asingerandadancer則要譯為：一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。②有些以s結(jié)尾的名詞謂語動詞要用單數(shù)，如：Thenewsisgood(news為不可數(shù)名詞)。③有量詞時應(yīng)按量詞的數(shù)量計算；如：Thispairofglassesisgood?Myglassesarebroken.④有些形單卻意為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞，如：Peoplearecominghere?這樣的詞還有Police，如果要講一個警察時，應(yīng)講apoliceman。兩個警察為twopolicemen。又如apolicewoman,twopolicewomen?⑤ 所有不定代詞each，either，neither，one，theother，nobody，nothing，anyone，anything，someone，something…要作為單數(shù)如：Someoneiswaitingforyou??在并列句中表示聯(lián)合關(guān)系的連詞有：andnotonly…butalso， neither…nor， either…or?如:Mysisterandmyparentsaregoingtothecinema。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞有：but和yet，如：Sheisagoodstudent,butshedidntpassthefinalexam.又如：Ithinkthenewsisstrange,yetitistrue?表示選擇關(guān)系的連詞有：or，either…or，如：Hurryup,oryouwillbelateforschool?表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞有：for，so如：Theystudiedveryhard，sotheyallpassedtheexam??在初中范圍復(fù)合句中主要有狀語從句和賓語從句(名詞性從句)兩種，而定語從句(形容詞性從句)要在高中講述，為了使同學(xué)閱讀文章方便，我們將在下面另一章予以介紹。我們首先來看賓語從句。① 在及物動詞的后面可以接一個名詞來充當(dāng)賓語，如：Iknewtheman,而這時也可以用一個句子來充當(dāng)賓語，如：Iknewthathewasagoodman?這時賓語從句的連接詞有that,(that只在從句中起聯(lián)接作用，不在句中充當(dāng)語法成分，既不是主語也不是賓語，所以在口語中常常被省略。如：Iamsure(that)shehaspassedtheexam?②if,whether它們在賓語從句中只起連接作用，不起語法作用，當(dāng)作是否講。從句中有ornot結(jié)構(gòu)時，要用whether,如：Iaskhimif(whether)hehashadhislunch?Iaskshimwhetherhehashadhislunchornot? ③ what它在賓語從句中除了作連接詞外，還要作主語或賓語成份，如：Idontunderstandwhatyousaid?(what作said的賓語)。又如：Iaskedhimwhatmadehimsick(what在賓語從句中作主語)。④ who，它也和what一樣，在句中除作連接詞外，可以充當(dāng)句中的成份，如：Iknowwhosheislookingfor?⑤ whose如：Iwanttoknowwhosebookthisis?⑥ which如：Doyouknowwhichbookismine??在連接詞中還有4個常用的連接副詞，① how它的應(yīng)用最廣，如：howmuch,howmany,howlong,howsoon,howold…。如：Howmuchdoesitcost?② when它只是連接時間狀語，如：Pleasetellmewhenthemeetingwillbegin?③ where它連接地點狀語，如：Whereareyoufrom?④ why它要連接的是原因狀語從句，如：TheteacheraskedwhyTomdidntcometoschool.在考試中常見到的考點是：?賓語從句的時態(tài)與主句時態(tài)的呼應(yīng)問題。① 主句謂語動詞如果是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，賓語從句的時態(tài)可以是任何所需要的時態(tài)，如：Iknowhedidntcome.我知道他沒來。Iknowhewillcometomorrow?我知道他明天來。IknowhehasgonetoLondon?我知道他已去倫敦了?！、凇≈骶渲械闹^語動詞若是過去時，賓語從句也要用過去時態(tài)中的某一種。比如：一般過去時，過去進(jìn)行時，過去將來時，過去完成時。除了在表達(dá)宇宙中的客觀真理時，不能用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。如：Iwantedtoknowwhenhewouldcome?Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun??狀語從句主要有時間狀語從句，其連接詞有：after，before，when，as，assoonas，until(till)，while，since，by?其中較難掌握的有以下幾點：?① until(till)直到，在用until表達(dá)時間狀語的句子中，主句中的動詞是要十分小心去選擇。如動詞是持續(xù)性動詞，它要用肯定句，如：Istudiedharduntil12oclocklastnight.如果動詞是瞬間截止性動詞，則要用否定句，如：Hedidntgotobeduntilhismothercameback??② 由?since，for，by，before來引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語是動作的開始時間，如：IhavestudiedEnglishsince１９９０?而由by引導(dǎo)的時間狀語通常是動作的結(jié)束時間，如：Ihadlearned25Englishsongsbytheendoflastterm?而before則多用于完成時，ago則多用于一般過去時，如：Hehadfinishedhisworkbeforetwelveyesterday?Ileftmyhometowntwoyearsago?③ 在狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時表示將來。它們可能是主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，如：Ifitrains,theywontgotothepark onSunday?也可以主句是一般過去時，從句用一般過去進(jìn)行時，如：Hesaidifitrainedthenextdayhewouldnotgotothepark?考試中常見的考點有：要學(xué)生區(qū)別是條件、時間狀語從句還是賓語從句，因在賓語從句中該用什么時態(tài)用什么時態(tài)，如：Iwanttoknowifhewillcomeheretomorrow?在賓語從句中的條件狀語從句與主句的關(guān)系，如：Iwanttoknowifitrainshewillcomeheretomorrow??在原因狀語從句中主要是① because，應(yīng)譯為"因為"。它表達(dá)的因果關(guān)系最強(qiáng)，如：Hedidntpasstheexambecausehedidntstudyhard?② since應(yīng)譯為"既然"，如：Sinceyouwereillyesterday?Ileftsomenotesonyourdesk?③ as應(yīng)譯為"由于"，如：Asitistoohotwedbettergoswimming?since與as所表達(dá)的因果關(guān)系遠(yuǎn)比because弱得多。而for表達(dá)的因果關(guān)系最弱。它不能用于句首，如：Hestudieshard,forhewantstogotocollege??在比較狀語從句中有同級比較as…as，如：Thisbookisasgoodasthatone?要注意的有兩點：① as…as中間要用原級而不是比較級。② 用形容詞還是副詞，如：MarywritesascarefullyasTom?而其否定句為notas(so)…as，如：Theydidntworksohardaswedid,而不同級比較用比較級加than,如：HeisyoungerthanIam?要注意的是表示"越來越"這一概念時有兩個句型：① 比較級＋and＋比較級，如：Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger?Thelittlegirlisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful?② 定冠詞the＋比較級＋the＋比較級，如：Theharderyoustudy,themoreyoucanlearn??方式狀語中要注意的是as(連詞)與like(介詞)的區(qū)別。as作為連詞其后接從句，如：PleasedoitasIdidit?但后面的句子常作省略，如：PleasedoitasI?而like是介詞，其后要接的是賓語，如：Pleasedoitlikeme??結(jié)果和目的狀語從句主要有so…that，sothat，inorderthat等幾種用法。① so…that?用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，so＋形容詞＋a＋名詞＋that，如：Sheissobeautifulagirlthateveryonelikesher?或用such＋a＋形容詞＋名詞＋that,如：Sheissuchabeautifulgirlthateveryonelikesher?② 在不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前只能用such，如：Itissuchgoodweatherwewanttogoforapicnic?又如：Theyaresuchgoodplayersthattheyshouldwinthegame.?、邸≡趍uch，many，few，little之前只能用so，如：IhavesolittlemoneythatIcantbuyit?④ so…that之間只有形容詞時，則不能用such，如：ItissogoodthatIwanttobuy?⑤ sothat其后接從句，如：IgotupearliersothatIcouldcatchthefirstbus???
（二） 正誤辨析?
［誤］Thestoriesinthatbookwaswrittenmanyyearsago??
［正］Thestoriesinthatbookwerewrittenmanyyearsago.?
［析］作主語的名詞、代詞或不定式、動名詞，它們往往要帶有修飾詞，這些詞可能是形容詞，也可能是短語，但謂語動詞還是要取決于這個主語的數(shù)，要記住的是一個名詞不可能在同一句中作兩個不同的語法成份，如：book作了of的介詞賓語則不可能再作主語了。?
［誤］Toreadmanybooksaregoodforyou??
［正］Toreadmanybooksisgoodforyou??
［析］不定式作主語應(yīng)該看作單數(shù)主語。?
［誤］Whathesaidareright??
［正］Whathesaidisright??
［析］從句作主語一定要按單數(shù)主語看待。?
［正］Therichisnotalwayshappy??
［誤］Thericharenotalwayshappy??
［析］形容詞＋定冠詞表示一類人，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，如：Theyoungareveryinterestedinstudyandsports??
［誤］Theschoolmasterandwriterarecoming??
［正］Theschoolmasterandwriteriscoming??
［析］本句應(yīng)譯為：校長兼作家就要來了。而Theschoolmasterandthewriterarecoming?則要譯為：校長和一個作家要來了。在英語表達(dá)法中確實有Thegirlandboyareplayingonthegrass?這應(yīng)譯為：一個女孩，一個男孩在操場上玩。因為不可能這樣兩個概念作用在一個人身上。又如：thehusbandandwife?夫妻二人。?
［誤］Youorshegotogetsomewaterforus??
［正］Youorshegoestogetsomewaterforus??
［析］由or連接的兩個主語應(yīng)以離謂語動詞近的那一個計算其數(shù)。這樣的用法還有either…or，neither…nor，notonly…butalso也有人稱作"就近原則"。?
［誤］Theteacherwithalotofstudentscomeintotheclassroom??
［正］Theteacherwithalotofstudentscomesintotheclassroom??
［析］真正的主語是theteacher，而with短語是伴隨狀態(tài)，不影響主語的數(shù)。?
［誤］Myglassesisbroken??
［正］Myglassesarebroken??
［誤］Thispairofglassesaregood??
［正］Thispairofglassesisgood??
［誤］Thesekindsofbutterisgood.?
［正］Thesekindsofbutteraregood??
［析］英語中有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：glasses眼鏡，shorts短褲等。如沒有量詞在前時，要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞，但有了量詞之后則要按量詞的單復(fù)數(shù)計算。?
［誤］Oneoftheboysaregoingtotakepartinthematch??
［正］Oneoftheboysisgoingtotakepartinthematch??
［析］Oneof結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)以one來計算主語的數(shù)。?
［誤］Halfoftheworkaredone??
［正］Halfoftheworkisdone??
［誤］Halfofthebooksisread??
［正］Halfofthebooksareread??
［析］在小于1的數(shù)量詞作主語時，如：２３，８０％，０．３５…＋of＋名詞，這時主語的數(shù)應(yīng)按of后面的名詞計算。如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，則謂語動詞要用單數(shù)，如名詞是復(fù)數(shù)則要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。?
［誤］Eachsidesarefulloftrees??
［正］Eachsideisfulloftrees??
［誤］Bothsideisfulloftrees??
［正］Bothsidesarefulloftrees??
［析］each，either其后都要加單數(shù)名詞，而both后要加復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：each，either，another，little，alittle，much等作主語時，謂語動詞全部要用單數(shù)形式。?
［誤］Theboyseachhasanapple??
［正］Theboyseachhaveanapple??
［析］each作同位語時，不影響句子的主語。?
［誤］Everyoneofushasaticketfortheconcert??
［正］Everyoneofushasaticketfortheconcert??
［析］everyone，someone，everybody…在作主語時都不能加of結(jié)構(gòu)。
［誤］Girlslikedancingverymuch，butfewlikesplayingfootball??
［正］Girlslikedancingverymuch，butfewlikeplayingfootball??
［析］few雖然含意上是"幾乎沒有"，但作主語時仍要當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)。?
［誤］Thenumberoftheworkersinthatfactoryaretwohundred??
［正］Thenumberoftheworkersinthatfactoryistwohundred??
［析］thenumberof意為：某某的數(shù)字是……如：thenumberofstudents學(xué)生人數(shù)，thenumberofplayers運(yùn)動員人數(shù)。不論數(shù)字如何都應(yīng)看作單數(shù)。而anumberof與many意思相同，其后加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Anumberofstudentsareplayingonthegrass??
［誤］Therestofthestudentsishere??
［正］Therestofthestudentsarehere??
［誤］Therestoftheworkaredone??
［正］Therestoftheworkisdone??
［析］therestof的用法與２／３，一半，８０％＋of的結(jié)構(gòu)一致，of后面為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞，為不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時用單數(shù)謂語動詞。這樣用法還有l(wèi)otsof，alotof，plentyof。?
［誤］Thenewsintodaysnewspaperarenotbad??
［正］Thenewsintodaysnewspaperisnotbad??
［析］有些以s結(jié)尾的名詞要用作不可數(shù)名詞，它們是：news，physics，mathematics，thanks，…?
［誤］TheChineseiskindandfriendly??
［正］TheChinesearekindandfriendly??
［析］Chinese作為中文來講是單數(shù)名詞，但作為中國人講是單復(fù)同形的名詞。如：oneChinese，twoChinese…而TheChinese＝ThepeopleofChina要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞。
［誤］Thisdictionaryistooexpensiveforme?Tendollarsareabigsumforme
［正］Thisdictionaryistooexpensiveforme?Tendollarsisabigsumforme
［析］表示一段時間，一筆金錢，一段距離，都應(yīng)看作單數(shù)名詞。?
［誤］Whoaregoingtotakepartinourfootballmatch??
［正］Whoisgoingtotakepartinourfootballmatch??
［析］用who提問時，習(xí)慣上用單數(shù)謂語動詞，但which則要視其情況而定，如：whicharebettertheseshoesesorthoseshoes?又如：whichisbetterthisoneorthatone?
［誤］Whatahotweatheritis!?
［誤］Howhottheweatheritis!?
［正］Whathotweatheritis!?
［正］Howhottheweatheris!?
［析］感嘆句是用來表達(dá)說話人的喜怒哀樂的感情。它由what與how作句子的開始，判定是用what還是用how的最好辦法是將它們換為陳述句，比如：Whatthehotweatheritis!應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換為：Itisthehotweather?那么句子的起點是單詞it。再來看感嘆句中it前有不可數(shù)名詞weather，則只能用what。再看第二句Howhottheweatheris!轉(zhuǎn)為陳述句時為：Theweatherishot?這時句子的開始單詞為theweather，再來看感嘆句在theweather前只有形容詞，所以應(yīng)用how。至于是用whata還是what要看名詞的具體情況而定，單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞加whata其余的加用what。?
［誤］Wehavetosingthis，havewe??
［誤］Wehavetosingthis，haventwe??
［正］Wehavetosingthis,dontwe??
［析］在反意疑問句中除了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一些常規(guī)外，有一些例外：
?Letsgohome，shallwe?
Letusgohome，willyou??
Shehadtoleave，didntshe??
Doyourhomeworkatonce，willyou??
Thereisnotmuchgoodnewsintodaysnewspaper，isthere??
Neitherofthemareright，arethey??
Ithinkhewillcometothepartywonthe??
think后的賓語從句，與其他賓語從句不一樣，在初中只有這樣一個較特殊的詞。這樣的句子的反意疑問句的主語要用賓語從句中的主語，其助動詞要用賓語從句的助動詞，而肯定還是否定要看主句謂語動詞而定，如：Idontthinkheiscomingtoourparty，ishe??
［誤］Iwanttoknowwheredoeshelive??
［正］Iwanttoknowwherehelives??
［析］賓語從句中一律要用陳述語序，而不用疑問語序。?
［誤］-Ihaventgotaticketforthefootballmatch??
-NorIhave??
［正］-Ihaventgotaticketforthefootballmatch??
-Nor(Neither)haveI??
［析］nor，neither用在簡答否定句中時要采用倒裝語序。在肯定句的簡答句中則要用so，如：Idomyhomeworkveryquickly，SodoesMary??
［誤］Look!Herethebuscomes!?
［正］Look!Herecomesthebus!?
［誤］Look!Herecomeshe!?
［正］Look!Herehecomes??
［析］在there，here打頭的句子中，如果主語是名詞，則要采用倒裝語序；如果是人稱代詞則用一般語序。?
［誤］DoyouwantMarytogotothecinemawithus??
No，Idonthopeso??
［正］DoyouwantMarytogotothecinemawithus??
No，Ihopenot??
［析］我不這樣想，可用Idontthinkso?但hope的否定簡答句只能用Ihopenot?這是習(xí)慣用法。但這兩個詞的肯定簡答句形是一樣的，如：Ithinkso.Ihopeso??
［誤］ThatisdifficultforustolearnEnglishwell??
［正］ItisdifficultforustolearnEnglishwell??
［析］It這里的語法作用是形式主語，而真正的主語是后面的不定式。形式主語和形式賓語都要用it而不能用that，如：IthinkitdifficulttolearnEnglishwell?it在這句中是think的形式賓語。??
（三） 例題解析?
1? There＿＿＿apencil?boxonthedesk．?
A.isB. areC.hasD.have
［答案］A.?
［析］Therebe句形中的be動詞要看其后面離它最近的名詞而定，如：Therearetwobooksandapencilonthedesk?但卻可以講Thereisapencilandtwobooksonthedesk??
2? Couldyoutellme＿＿＿??
A? MrsKingwherelivesB? wheredoesMrsKinglive?
C? whereMrsKinglivesD? MrsKingliveswhere
［答案］C.?
［析］賓語從句中的疑問句要用陳述語序。?
3? Yourbrothercametoseeyou，＿＿＿??
A? doesheB? doesntheC? didheD? didnthe?
［答案］D.?
［析］前句是肯定句，后面反意疑問句要用否定句，同時came為過去時態(tài)，所以應(yīng)用didnthe??
4? Itsgettingcloudy，＿＿＿??
A? doesitB? doesntitC? isitD? isntit
［答案］D.?
［析］要區(qū)分s是has還是is，這里由getting得出s是is。?
5??。撸撸遦eepmewaitingsolong．?
A? NotB? WontC? DontD? Notto
［答案］C.?
［析］Dont＋動詞原形為祈始句的否定句。?
6? MrGreenhasntbeentoBeijing,＿＿＿??
A? hasheB? hasntheC? didheD? didnthe
［答案］A.?
［析］此句has是助動詞與過去分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。?
7? Youhaveyourlunchatschool,＿＿＿??
A? haveyouB? haventyouC? doyouD? dontyou?
［答案］D.?
［析］這里的have是實意動詞"吃"，而不是助動詞。?
8??。撸撸遱unnyday!Letsgooutforawalk．?
A? HowaB? HowC? WhataD? What
［答案］C.?
［析］這個感嘆句是個省略句，其真實的句子應(yīng)為Whatasunnydayitis!?
9? -Canyoutellme＿＿＿??-Sure?Shesanurse??
A? whereisyoursisterB? whereyoursisteris?
C? whatisyoursisterD? whatyoursisteris
［答案］D.?
［析］who問的是姓名，如：Whoishe?HeisSmith?或Heismyfather?What問的是職業(yè)，如：Whatishe?Heisateacher??
10? Johnlikeslisteningtotheradio，＿＿＿??
A? doesheB? doesntheC? doesntJohnD? doesJohe
［答案］B.?
［析］當(dāng)名詞作主語時，反意疑問句應(yīng)用代詞。?
11? NeitheryounorI＿＿＿ontheteam．?
A? areB? wereC? amD? is
［答案］C.?
［析］由neither…nor…作連接詞作主語時，其謂語動詞要與相臨近的那個主語相呼應(yīng)。?
12??。撸撸遜eliciousfood!Idlikesomemore．?
A? whataB? HowaC? WhatD? How
［答案］C.?
［析］因food為不可數(shù)名詞。?
13??。撸撸遲hereacatunderthechair??
A? AreB? IsC? HasD? Have
［答案］B.?
［析］這是therebe句型的疑問句。?
14? Couldyoutellme＿＿＿??
A? whenthetrainwillarriveB? whenthetrainarrived?
C? whendidthetrainarriveD? whendoesthetrainarrives
［答案］A.?
［析］could用于現(xiàn)在時疑問句表達(dá)了口氣的委婉，并不是過去時態(tài)。且賓語從句要用陳述語句。?
15? -＿＿＿badweather!?
-Yes，Butitsgoingtobefinesoon，Ithink??
A? HowB? WhataC? WhatanD? What
［答案］D.?
［析］weather為不可數(shù)名詞。?
16? -Couldyoutellme＿＿＿??
-Yes，They＿＿＿tothelibrary??
A? wherearethetwins，havebeen
B? wherewerethetwins，havebeen?
C? wherethetwinsare，havegone
D? wherethetwinswere，havegone
［答案］C.?
［析］havebeento是去過什么地方，而現(xiàn)在回來了。havegoneto是到某地去了，人現(xiàn)在不在這里。?
17? Goand＿＿＿theTVquickly?Thevolleyballmatchwillbeginrightaway．?
A? turnoffB? turndownC? turnupD? turnon?
［答案］D.?
［析］這是個祈使句，它由and連接兩個動詞。注意詞組搭配的不同含義。
18? Letsgoforsometea，＿＿＿??
A? shallweB? willweC? doweD? dontwe
［答案］A.?
［析］Letsgo…，shallwe?Letusgo…，willyou?這是兩個特殊的反意疑問句。
19? Joansshort，＿＿＿??
A? wasntsheB? hasntsheC? isntsheD? doesntshe
［答案］C.?
［析］在此句中應(yīng)視s為is，而不是has或was。?
20? Idontknow＿＿＿toreadtheword．?
A? whichB? whatC? whoseD? how
［答案］D.?
［析］因不定式toread中的read是及物動詞，已有自己的賓語theword，所以應(yīng)用疑問副詞how。?
21? Hedidntgotoschool，＿＿＿h(yuǎn)ewasill．?
A? forB? butC? andD? so
［答案］A.?
［析］這里是表示因果的關(guān)系，從句表示原因，所以用for，放于句尾，且常常前面有一個逗號。so引起的是結(jié)果狀語從句，如：Hewasonlytwelve，sohecouldntjointhearmy??
22? Theyoungwomancanhardlyrideabike，＿＿＿she??
A? doesntB? doesC? cantD? can
［答案］D.?
［析］hardly為否定詞，所以應(yīng)視此句為否定句。其后的反意疑問句應(yīng)用肯定句。?
23? TomnevergoestothecinemaonSundays，＿＿＿??
A? doesheB? doesntheC? isntheD? ishe
［答案］A.?
［析］never也是否定詞，所以應(yīng)將句子看作否定句。?
24? Mothersaidtohim，"Dont＿＿＿onfootball．"?
A? spendtoomuchtimeB? tospendtoomuchtime?
C? spendtoomanytimeD? tospendtoomanytime
［答案］A.?
［析］time作為"時間"講為不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用much來修飾。當(dāng)作"次數(shù)"講是可數(shù)名詞，如threetimes三次，而Dont…這一句是祈使句的否定句。?
25? MrWhite，togetherwithsomeJapanesefriends，＿＿＿visitourschoolthisafternoon．?
A? aregoingtoB? isgoingtoC? haveD? has
［答案］B.?
［析］句子的主語是Mr?White，而togetherwith…是伴隨狀況，不影響句子的主語。?
26? Thereislittlewaterintheglass，＿＿＿??
A? isitB? isthereC? isntitD? isntthere
［答案］B.?
［析］這是therebe句型的反意疑問句。?
27? Amperewasthinkingaboutamathsproblem，＿＿＿??
A? didntheB? wasntheC? didheD? ishe
［答案］B.?
［析］這是進(jìn)行時態(tài)的反意疑問句。?
28? Shehadagoodtimeyesterday，＿＿＿she??
A? wasntB? didntC? hasntD? isnt
［答案］B.?
［析］had這里是實意動詞而不是助動詞。?
29? Wellmake＿＿＿foryouinthefrontofthecar．?
A? aroomB? roomC? roomsD? somerooms
［答案］B.?
［析］room此處為不可數(shù)名詞，意為"地方，空間"。?
30? NeithershenorI＿＿＿totheGreatwallbefore．?
A? hasgoneB? havegoneC? havebeenD? hasbeen
［答案］C.?
［析］由neither…nor連接兩個主語時，其謂語動詞應(yīng)與相臨近的那個主語相呼應(yīng)。?
31? Helpmecollectthesebooks，＿＿＿??
A? areyouB? willyouC? doyouD? shallyou
［答案］B.?
［析］祈使句的反意疑問句應(yīng)用willyou，而Letsgo例外，其反意疑問句為shallwe?
32? Thenumberofdeer，mountainlionsandwildroses
＿＿＿changemuchifpeopleleavethingsastheyare．?
A? dontB? doesntC? isntD? didnt
［答案］B.?
［析］thenumberof為"……的數(shù)量、數(shù)目"，所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。而anumberof要加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，其謂語動詞也用復(fù)數(shù)。?
33? Sheshadbreakfast，＿＿＿??
A? issheB? isntsheC? hasntsheD? hasshe?
［答案］C.?
［析］這里的s應(yīng)視為has??
34? Iwonder＿＿＿．?
A? whosebicycleisitB? itiswhosebicycle?
C? isitwhosebicycleD? whosebicycleitis
［答案］D.?
［析］wonder后的賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序。?
35? Itisgoodforus＿＿＿morningexercises．?
A? doB? todoC? didD? done
［答案］B.?
［析］這里的it是形式主語，而真正的主語是不定式todo…?
36? Peterhassportsveryoften，＿＿＿??
A? does，PeterB? doesntheC? doesntPeterD? doeshe?
［答案］B.?
［析］has這里是實意動詞，而主語為名詞時其反意疑問句中的主語要用代詞。
37? Mr?Blacksaid，"Jenny，dontbelatetomorrow?"?
Mr?BlacktoldJenny＿＿＿．?
A? dontbelatetomorrowB? didntbelatetomorrow?
C? notbelatenextmorningD? nottobelatethenextday
［答案］D.?
［析］tell一般要加雙賓語，其間接賓語是Jenny，直接賓語是不定式。而這里用的是不定式的否定形式。?
38? LiMeireadthenewspapertothegranny，＿＿＿??
A? doessheB? didntsheC? didsheD? wasntshe
［答案］B.?
［析］read這里是過去時態(tài)，因其主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，而read并未加s所以是過去時態(tài)。(read的過去時與過去分詞都是read，只不過讀音不同)?
