小學(xué)英語英語教案
發(fā)表時間：2020-12-09高考英語備考虛擬語氣。
一名優(yōu)秀的教師就要對每一課堂負責(zé)，教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是老師職責(zé)的一部分。教案可以保證學(xué)生們在上課時能夠更好的聽課，幫助教師能夠井然有序的進行教學(xué)。那么一篇好的教案要怎么才能寫好呢？小編收集并整理了“高考英語備考虛擬語氣”，供大家借鑒和使用，希望大家分享！
2011高考英語備考（考點聚焦+名題導(dǎo)解）虛擬語氣一、考點聚焦1、虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中（1）表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)，條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞用“過去式（be動詞的過去式用were）”，而主句中的謂語動詞用“would/should/could/might+動詞原形”。如：IfIwer 條件狀語從句 主句 與過去事實相反 had+過去分詞 should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞 與現(xiàn)在事實相反 一般過去時(be用were) would/should/could/might+動詞原形 與將來事實相反 一般過去時或should(wereto)+動詞原形 Would/should/cold/might+動詞原形有時侯在使用時可省略if,句子則可換成下列形式，即“were/had/should+主語”。如：WereIaboy,Iwouldjointhearmy.Hadhetakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceeded.Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoBritain.[ks5u.comKS5U.COM]2、虛擬語氣用于名詞性從句（1）虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的運用。①“wish+賓語從句”表示不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“要是……就好了”等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時；表示將來不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“would/could+動詞原形”；表示過去不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”或“could(should)+have+過去分詞”。如： Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround. IwishIhadknowntheanswer. IwishIcouldflylikeabird. ②在表示建議、要求、命令等的動詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order等后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用should+動詞原形或是動詞原形。如： Shesuggestedwe(should)leavehereatonce. Thedoctororderedsheshouldbeoperated. （2）虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運用。 作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、request等的表語從句和同位語從句，從句中的謂語動詞用“（should）+動詞原形”。如： Hissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoShanghaiiswonderful. Myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars. （3）虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用。 在主語從句中，謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用“should+動詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示驚奇、不相信、理應(yīng)如此等。如： Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday. Itwasapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)thatyoushouldbesocareless. Itwillbedesired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)thatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon. 注意：這種從句表示的是事實。如果說人對這種事實表現(xiàn)出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語氣。反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，that從句也可用陳述句語氣。如： Itispitythatyoucan’tswim. 3、虛擬語氣在其他場合的運用 （1）虛擬語氣在asif/asthough、evenif/eventhough等引導(dǎo)的表語從句或狀語從句中，如果從句表示的動作發(fā)生在過去，用過去完成時；指現(xiàn)在狀況，則用一般過去時；指將來狀況則用過去將來時。如： Hediditasifhewereanexpert. Evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem. （2）虛擬語氣用于定語從句中。 這種從句常用于句型“Itis(high)time(that)…”中，定語從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時(be用were)或should+動詞原形，意思是“(現(xiàn)在)該……”。如： It’stimethatIpickedupmydaughter. It’shightimeweweregoing. （3）虛擬語氣用在ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中。如： IfonlyIwereabird. IfonlyIhadtakenhisadvice. （4）虛擬語氣在一些簡單句中的運用。 ①情態(tài)動詞的過去式用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)時，表示說話人謙虛、客氣、有禮貌或語氣委婉，常出現(xiàn)在日常會話中。如： Itwouldbebetterforyounottostayuptoolate. Wouldyoubekindenoughtoclosethedoor? ②用于一些習(xí)慣表達法中。如： Wouldyoulikeacupoftea? Iwouldrathernottellyou.L二、精典名題導(dǎo)解選擇填空1.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_______.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken解析：答案為C。本題考查的是asif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中的語氣問題，asif引導(dǎo)的狀語從句如果與事實一致，不用虛擬語氣，如果與事實相反，應(yīng)用虛擬語氣。題中“當(dāng)鉛筆的一部分浸在水中，鉛筆看上去好像斷了”。而實際上鉛筆并未斷，與事實相反，前半部分陳述是一般現(xiàn)在時，因而本句是對一般現(xiàn)在時的虛擬，用werebroken。2.Ididn’tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe___________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome解析：答案為D。本題考查的是if條件句中的虛擬語氣。題意是：我在會議上沒看到你姐姐，故你姐姐沒來。因此如果“她來了”與事實相反，前面一句交代了虛擬語氣的時態(tài)是一般過去時的虛擬，所以if從句中用had+過去分詞。3.—Ifhe___________,he________thatfood.—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken解析：答案為B。本題考查的是條件狀語從句與主句表示與事實相反時虛擬語氣的用法。根據(jù)下一句語境可知，他事先并沒有得到警告，表示過去時間的虛擬語氣，故選B。4.Mr.Whiteat8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving解析：答案為A。本題考虛擬語氣及責(zé)備的用法，全句意為：Mr.white8:30（原本）應(yīng)該到會的，但他沒露面。全句談的是過去的事，故應(yīng)使用shouldhavedone結(jié)構(gòu)，表原本該做而沒做的事。5.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—Youherlastweek.A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold解析：答案為D。本題考查情態(tài)動詞用法，should（oughtto）havedone表示說話人對發(fā)生的事性“責(zé)備”故選D。6.—Let’sgoandhaveagooddrinktonight.—Haveyougotthefirstprizeinthecompetition?A.Whatfor?B.Thanksalot.C.Yes,I’dliketo.D.Whynot?解析：答案為A?？颊Z境及交際用語。前句建議：今晚咱們出去好好喝一頓吧。喝一頓應(yīng)有個來由和原因，且多是為了慶祝某事，所以后句問：為何事（慶祝）？你是不是在競賽中得了一等獎？這樣才能表示后者驚訝、疑問和興奮，whatfor：為何而做某事？其余均不合語境。 相關(guān)推薦 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣 11.asif+clause(did/were與現(xiàn)在相反)/(would/could/might+do與將來相反)/(haddone與過去相反) 虛擬語氣 1.虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè) 虛擬語氣精練60題 一名優(yōu)秀的教師在每次教學(xué)前有自己的事先計劃，準(zhǔn)備好一份優(yōu)秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠在課堂積極的參與互動，幫助教師能夠井然有序的進行教學(xué)。那么怎么才能寫出優(yōu)秀的教案呢？以下是小編為大家收集的“高考英語難點37講--難點22虛擬語氣”歡迎大家與身邊的朋友分享吧！ 高考英語難點37講--難點22虛擬語氣 虛擬語氣專練高考英語情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣
情態(tài)動詞
1.考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法
①shall用于一、三人稱疑問句表示征求對方意見;用于二、三人稱陳述句表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅等;may表示“允許、可以”，語氣比較委婉。
②must用于疑問句，表示責(zé)備、抱怨的感情色彩，意思為“偏偏，偏要”，mustn’t表示禁止，是說話人強有力的勸告。cannot表示“不可能”;neednot表示“不必要”;maynot表示“可能不，可以不”。
③needn’t表示“沒有必要”
④would表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向
⑤表示經(jīng)過努力而成功的某一次動作，只能用was/wereableto,而不能用could;could還可以表示過去的某種能力
⑥考查情態(tài)動詞用作答語的情況
2.考查情態(tài)動詞+動詞不定式一般式表推測的用法
①肯定的推測一般用must,should,may(might)或could(不用can)，其中，must的語氣最強，譯為“肯定”、should的語氣次之，譯為“很可能”、“應(yīng)該”;按常理推測的may(might),could語氣最弱，譯為“也許”。
②否定的推測：語氣不很肯定時，常用maynot,mightnot或couldnot，譯為“可能不”“也許不”;否定語氣較強時，則用can’t，譯為“根本不可能”、“想必不會”，表示驚異、懷疑的感情色彩
③疑問句中推測往往用can或could
3.考查情態(tài)動詞+動詞不定式的完成式表推測的用法
4.考查情態(tài)動詞+動詞不定式完成式的其他用法
①should(oughtto)+不定式的完成式：本來應(yīng)該做而實際上又沒有做。其否定形式表示某中行為不該發(fā)生卻發(fā)生了。
②needn’t+不定式的完成式：本來不必要做的而實際上又做了
③could+不定式的完成式：本可以做而實際上未能做,含有遺憾的意味
虛擬語氣
1.虛擬條件句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及其用法
①與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬條件句②與過去事實相反的虛擬條件句
③與將來事實相反的虛擬條件句
2.虛擬語氣的活用
①時間錯綜虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)
②省略if的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)
③并列連詞或副詞暗示的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)
④介詞或介詞短語暗示的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)
⑤asif/asthough方式狀語從句中的虛擬語氣
⑥名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣
⑦分詞短語暗示的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)
⑧上下文語境中的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)
I.情態(tài)動詞
1.表示“能力、許可”的can/may
①表示能力的情態(tài)動詞用can/could
Acomputer_____thinkforitself,itmustbetoldwhattodo.
A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot
②表示許可時用may/might,can/could都可以，但在問句中用could…?
或might…?以使口氣委婉客氣，其回答一定要用can或may，以使回答口氣明確(must表示一定，必須，mustn’t表示禁止，不許可)
—CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?—Yes,you______
A.willB.couldC.mayD.might
Johnny,you_____playwiththeknife,you_____hurtyourself.
A.won’t/can’tB.mustn’t/mayC.shouldn’t/mustD.can’t/shouldn’t
③在肯定句中could不可以用來表示過去某一特定場合的能力，而要用was/wereableto。
如不可以說：Theycouldjumpintotheseabeforetheboatwasblownup
而要說：theywereableto/managedtojumpinto…
Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_____getout.
A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto
但在否定句中could/was(were)ableto可以通用:
Icouldn’t/wasn’tabletoseehimyeaterday.
④表示許可時用may/can都可以。只不過用may時較側(cè)重講話人的許可，而can較側(cè)重客觀情況的許可，must則表示必須做某事。
2.表示“推斷、判斷”的can,may,must
①在肯定句中都可以用來表示可能。在含義上must語氣最為肯定,may表示的是事實上的可能性：
Peter______comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.
A.mustB.mayC.canD.will
而can表示的是邏輯上的可能性：Maryisinpoorhealth.Shecanbeillatanytimes.
②在否定句中只能用can和may。此時can’t用以代替mustn’t，語氣比maynot更強。can’t中文可以翻譯為“不可能”、maynot中文可以翻譯為“可能不”。
Michael______beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.
A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may
③在疑問句只能用can，不能用may和must
Hemaybeverybusynow.Canhebeverybusynow?
Hemustbeverybusynow.Canhebeverybusynow?
3.表示“請求、提議”(用在疑問句中)的can和could，這時could比can語氣更婉轉(zhuǎn)
Can(Could)yougivemealifttothestation?
你(您)能不能讓我搭你(您)的車去車站呀?
4.表示“驚訝、懷疑”(用在疑問句中)的can和could，這時could比can語氣更婉轉(zhuǎn)
Whocanitbeatthistimeofday?這個時候到底會是誰呢?
5.構(gòu)成下列特殊句式的can
①cannot/cannever…too…cannot…enough“無論怎么……也不為過分，越……越好，非?！?br>
Sinceitisagoodthing,wecannotdoittoosoon.
既然是好事情，我們越早開始做越好。
②can’thelpdoing…,cannothelpbutdo…,cannotbutdo…“禁不住，不由得，不得不”
IcannothelpadmiringthepicturewheneverIlookatit.每當(dāng)我看到這幅畫時，我都禁不住要鑒賞它。
Whenaclosefrienddies,youcannotbutfeelsad.
親密的朋友去世時，你會不由得感到悲傷。
6.表示祝愿、祝福的may,此時句子用倒裝語序
Mayhelivetoanoldage!愿他長命百歲!MayGodbewithyou!愿上帝保佑你!
7.shall/should
用于人稱意義
Shall第一、三人稱征求對方的意見
第二、三人稱說話人給對方的警告、命令、允諾、威脅
用于法律、法規(guī)等條文中應(yīng)……，須……，得……
Whatshallwedothisevening?
注意：may用于征求對方的許可，而shall用于征求對方的意見或指示：
MayIhavealook?我能看一看嗎?
ShallIhavealook?需要我看一看嗎?
Youshallfailifyoudon’tworkharder.(警告)
HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading.(允諾)
Heshallbepunished.(威脅)
Thefineshallbegivenincash.罰款須以現(xiàn)金繳納。
should意義
①（表義務(wù)、責(zé)任的）應(yīng)該
②（表預(yù)期的）應(yīng)該會，想必會，一定……會把
③（表驚訝、遺憾的）竟然、居然
④（與疑問詞連用，表意外、驚訝、納悶等的）究竟是，到底
⑤（用于表示命令、建議、請求等詞后面的that從句中，且should可以省略）應(yīng)該，必須
①Youshouldapologizetohim.
②Thephotosshouldbereadyby12:00.
③I’msurprisedthatyoushouldspeakinsuchaway.
④WhoshouldccomeinbutmyoldfriendBetty.我當(dāng)究竟是誰進來了呢，原來是我的老朋友貝蒂呀。
⑤Isuggestedthathe(should)changehismind.
Mysuggestionwasthathe(should)changehismind.
注意：oughtto表示“應(yīng)該”(與should同義,只是語氣稍重一些),也可表示推測。
Yououghttotakecareofhim.
Heoughttobehomebynow.
8.will/would
①請求、建議，would比will委婉客氣
Wouldyoupassmethebook?
②表示意志、愿望和決心
Iwillneverdothatagain.
Theyaskedusifwewoulddothatagain
③可表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向
Duringthevacationhewouldvisitmeeveryweek
Thewoundwouldnotheal.
④表示估計或猜想
Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.
Whatwouldshebedoingthere?
9.dare和need
①need作為情態(tài)動詞只有一種形式，只用于否定句和疑問句。
②dare作為情態(tài)動詞用時有兩中形式：dare和dared兩個詞形。
除了可以用于否定句和疑問句外，還可以用于條件從句或表示懷疑的句子中。
Ifhedarecome,Iwillkickhimout.
Idon’tknowwhetherhedaresay.
Note:Hedoesn’tdare(to)answerthequestion.
Doesshedare(to)enterthedarkroom?
10.情態(tài)動詞+havedone的用法
①could+havedone：本可以做而實際上未能做
Youcouldhavedonebetter,butyoudidn’ttryyourbest.
②cannot+havedone：表示對過去行為的否定推測
Hecannothavebeentothattown.
③can+主語+havedone：表示對過去行為的懷疑或不肯定
Canhehavegotthebook?
④might(may)+havedone：對過去發(fā)生的行為不太肯定的推測
Hemaynothavefinishedthework.
Ifwehadtakentheotherroad,wemighthavearrivedearlier.
(Mood:mightmay,possibility:mightMAY)p
⑤must+havedone：對過去發(fā)生的行為肯定的推測。其否定式為：cannothavedone
Youmusthaveseenthefilm.
Youcannothaveseenthefilm.
⑥needn’t+havedone：本來不必要做的而實際上又做了
Youneedn’thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.
注意：didn’tneedto(haveto)do:沒有必要做而實際上也沒有做
Ididn’tneedtocleanthewindows.Mysisterdidit2hoursago.
⑦should(oughtto)+havedone：本來應(yīng)該做而實際上又沒有做。
其否定形式表示某種行為不該發(fā)生卻發(fā)生了。
Youshouldhavestartedearlier,butyoudidn’t.
Sheshouldn’thavetakenawaymymeasuringtape,forIwantedtouseit.
注意：本結(jié)構(gòu)還可以表“推測”的意思
Heshouldhavefinishedtheworkbynow.
到現(xiàn)在他應(yīng)該已經(jīng)做完那項工作了。
11.其它情態(tài)動詞
①haveto
haveto表示“必須,不得不”,在這個意義上與must很接近,但must表示的是說話人的主觀看法,而haveto表示的卻是客觀需要.haveto比must有更多的形式。
TheTVsetisbroken.Ihavetobuyanewone.
Thestudentswillhavetoknowhowtousethecomputers.
注意：在回答must的問句時,否定式常用neednot(needn’t)或don’thaveto表示“不必”。而不用
mustnot,因為mustnot表示“不可以”。
②usedto
表示過去的習(xí)慣動作或狀態(tài)(現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)如此)
—Didyouusetogotheretoseeyourbrother?/Usedyoutogotheretoseeyourbrother?
—Yes,Idid(usedto)./No,Ididn’t(usedn’t).
注意：would也可表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向，但是不涉及到現(xiàn)在。
③hadbetter
表示“最好(做……)”
Wehadbettergonow.
其否定式為hadbetternot
II.虛擬語氣
(一)一般虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)
類別用法例句
If引導(dǎo)的條件從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反從句動詞：過去式（be用were）
主句動詞：should/would/could/might+動詞原形Ifhewerehere,hewouldhelpus.
與過去事實相反從句動詞：had+過去分詞
主句動詞：should/would/could/might+have+過去分詞IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavevisitedyou.
與將來事實相反從句動詞：過去式/should+動詞原形/were+不定式
主句動詞：should/would/could/might+動詞原形Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgocamping.
注意:主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美國英語中，should常被would代替;從句中的should可用于各種人稱，且不可以被would所代替。
(二)混合虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)
1.不同時間的虛擬
Ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeintroublenow.(從句與過去事實相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反)
Ifhehadtoldmeyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.(從句與過去事實相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反)
IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty.(從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，主句與過去事實相反)
Ifyouhadn’tlentmesomemoney,Icouldn’thaveboughtthenewhouseandmostlikelyIwouldbestilllivinginthedangeroushousenow.(從句與過去事實相反，and后面的主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反)
2.虛擬與陳述的混合
Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewasn’tcarefulenough.
Youshouldhavecomeearlier.Thebusleftamomentago.
(三)特殊句式虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)
1.省略連詞if。在書面語中，如果虛擬條件從句中有were，had或should，可以把if省略，把這幾個詞放到主語之前，構(gòu)成主謂倒裝。
Shouldhecome(Ifheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup.他要是來了，讓他給我打個電話。
WereIyou(IfIwereyou),Iwouldnotdoit.我要是你，就不做這事。
2.suggest,order,propose,request,require,demand,advise,insist+賓語從句(should)do
Hesuggestedthatwe(should)savemoneyforthefuture.
Theundergraduateinsistedthathe(should)gotoworkinthesouth.
注意：當(dāng)suggest表示暗示，insist表示堅持觀點,事實時，后接的賓語從句應(yīng)當(dāng)用真實語氣。
Hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision.
Heinsiststhatdoingmorningexercisesdoesgoodtopeople’shealth.
3.Itissuggested/advised/ordered/requested/required…+that從句(should)do
Itisproposedthatmorestudentsshouldgotouniversity.
4.Myadvice/suggestion/request/requirement/order/proposal…+is+表語從句(should)do
MyadviceisthatyoushouldpractisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.
Theorderfromthecommanderwasthatthetroopsshouldsetoffforthefrontimmediately.
5.Hissuggestion/advice/request/requirement…+同位語從句(should)do+is..
Therequestthattheyshouldgetmoreisreasonable.
6.Itisnatural/necessary/strange+that從句(should)do表驚奇、懷疑、惋惜、不滿、理應(yīng)如此等。
It’sstrangethatheshouldhavemissedthetrain.(表竟然)
Itisimportantthatweshouldlearnfromothers.(表理應(yīng)如此)
Itisapitythatheshouldnotgowithus.(表驚訝、不滿)
7.wish+thatclause(did/were與現(xiàn)在相反)
wish+thatclause(would/could/might+do與將來相反)
wish+thatclause(haddone與過去相反)
IwishIcouldgowiththemtomorrow.
IwishIhadnevermethim.
8.Itis(high/about)time+從句(did或shoulddo)
Itis(high/about)timewewenthome.
9.wouldrather+clause(did與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾?;(haddone與過去相反)
Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.
Iwouldratheryouhadn’ttoldherthenews.
10.省去條件從句或主句：表示虛擬語氣的主句或從句有時可以省略，但其含義仍可以推知。
①省去條件從句
Youcouldhavewashedyourclothesyourself.你本可以自已洗衣服的。
省去了"Ifyouhadwantedto")(事實是:你自己沒洗衣服，因為你不想洗。)
②省去主句(常用以表示愿望)Ifonly+clause(did/were與現(xiàn)在相反)/(would/could/might+do與將來相反)/(haddone與過去相反)“要是…….就好了“
Ifmygrandmotherwerewithme!如果我的祖母與我在一起多好啊!(事實是:祖母已不在世。)
Ifonlyshehadnotleft!如果她沒走就好了!(事實是:她已經(jīng)走了。)
Ifonlyhewouldcometomorrow!
IfonlyIhadtakenheradvice!
IfonlyIweretenyearsyounger!
注意：onlyif是“只要”的意思，從句中用陳述語氣。
ShetreatsKateasifshewereherowndaughter.
Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.
12.wouldlike/was/weretohavedonesomething
Iwouldliketohaveattendedtheparty,butoneofmyfriendscametoseeme.
13.butfor+名詞
Butforyourhelpwecouldn’thavesucceededintheexperiment.
14.注意虛擬條件從句的特殊形式
Withoutelectricity,humanlifewouldbequitedifferenttoday.
Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesunsheat,theearthatnightwouldbefreezingcold.
15.注意轉(zhuǎn)折語氣連詞引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣
Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehewouldhavescoredagoal.
ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsIshouldhavewrittenitdownforher.
Thecaptainkeptcalmintheterriblestorm,otherwisetheaccidentwouldnthavebeenprevented.
Yesterday,Janewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,shemighthavesaidsomethingshewouldregretlater.
16.注意分詞和獨立結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣
Givenmorethantwohours,wecouldhavedonetheworkbetter.
Nothavingfinishedthework,hecouldnthaveseenthisfilm.
1.Whydidntyoutellmetherewasnomeetingtoday?I_____allthewayhere_____theheavysnow.
A.neednthavedriven;throughB.canthavedriven;across
C.mustnthavedriven;throughD.shouldnthavedriven;cross
2.—Mum,it’snoneofmybusiness.Why_____Icare?
—Justbecausesheisyoursister.
A.canB.shouldC.willD.may
3.—Ididn’tknowyouweregoodfriends.
—You_____.Ihaveknownhersinceshemovedhere.Youwerestudyingabroadthen.
A.mayhaveB.needn’thaveC.couldn’thaveD.musthave
4.—Theconcertwaswonderful!
—Really?HowIwishI______tothetheatrewithyouyesterday!
A.hadgoneB.mightgoC.wereabletogoD.wouldgo
5.Thetwostrangershavebeentalkingintheparkforalongtimeasthoughthey______oldfriends.
A.areB.shouldbeC.wereD.wouldbe
6.______theheavyrain,we______thetown.
A.Butfor;shouldhavereachedB.Becauseof;wouldhavereached
C.Duringtheperiodof;wewouldreachD.Inspiteof;weshouldhavereached
7.—IfWilliam_______,he_______thatgreenpeach.
—Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalintime.
A.waswarned;wouldnottakeB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken
C.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken
8.—IsitgoodtolookupeverynewwordwhenIcomeacrossitinreading?
—No.You______becauseyouarelikelytoguessthemeaningfromthecontext.
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.don’thavetoD.oughtnotto
9.—______Iuseyourcomputertosendane-mail?
—Yes,you______.Butyoumustn’tkeepittoolong.I’llsurftheInternetaftersupper.
A.Could;couldB.Could;mustC.Can;canD.Could;can
10.Whenhelivedthere,he______gotothatbookshopatthecornerwithhisgirlfriendafterworkeveryday.
A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might
11.—Ihearyou’vegotasetofAustraliancoins.______Ihavealook?
—Yes,certainly.
A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should
12.—Whathappenedtotheyoungtreesweplantedlastweek?
—Thetrees______well,butIdidn’twaterthem.
A.mightgrowB.needn’thavegrownC.wouldgrowD.wouldhavegrown
13.What______hadBobwalkedfarther,asfarastheriverbank?
A.wouldhappenB.couldhappenC.wouldhavehappenedD.needn’thavehappened
14.Hurryup,Tom.It’shightimewe______tothetheater.
A.willB.shallC.aregoingtoD.went
15.—Doyouthinkhewilldomeafavor?
—AsfarasIknow,heisthelastonetohelpothers.He______bepreparedtogiveyouahand,though.
A.mightB.mustC.canD.should
16.EventhoughI’dhurtmyleg,I______swimbacktotheriverbank.
A.couldB.mightC.hadtoD.wasableto
17.—Itisrathercoldhere.Shallwelightafire?
—No,we______becausethingsareeasytocatchfire.
A.won’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t
18.—Wouldyouhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible?
—Iwouldhave,butI______sobusythen.
A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.wouldbe
19.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe______thesewatchesand______free.
A.stole,setB.hadstolen,besetC.steal,besetD.hadstolen;mustbeset
20.I______youraddress,otherwiseI______youlongbefore.
A.hadforgotten,hadvisitedB.forgot,havevisited
C.forgot,wouldhavevisitedD.haveforgotten,wouldvisit
21.I______youabeautifulpresentforyourbirthday,butIwasshortofmoneyatthattime.
A.wouldbuyB.hadboughtC.wouldliketohaveboughtD.musthavebought
22.—Doyoufeellike________thereorshallwetakeabus?
—I’dliketowalk.Butsincethereisntmuchtimeleft,Idratherwe________ataxi.
A.walking,hireB.towalk,hireC.towalk,hiredD.walking,hired
23.—MissWhitehasdecidedtoexploreintheforestbyherself.
—She________askherboyfriendtoifshe________gowalkingintheforest.
A.needntto,darestohttp:/B.doesntneed,dares C.neednotto,daretoD.neednt,dare
24.Hisfailureintheexamsuggestedthathe__________theteacher’sinstructions.
A.can’thavefollowedhttp:/B.needn’thavefollowed
C.mustn’thavefollowedD.shouldn’thavefollowed
25.I_________you,butIdidn’tthinkyouwouldlistentome.
A.couldhavetoldB.musthavetoldC.shouldtellD.mightrell
26.—MsLinlooksratherakindlady.
—Butinfactsheiscoldandhardonus.You_______believeit!http:/
A.shouldn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t
27.Themanager’shealthwasgettingworseandworsebecauseofheavyburden，sothedoctorstrongly
recommendedthatheaholiday.
A.tookB.wouldtakeC.musttakeD.take
28.—It’ssocold!Whynotclosethedoor?
—Sorry.It.I’llhaveitrepairedsoon.
A.won’tshutB.won’tbeshutC.hasn’tshutD.isn’tshut
29.Iwouldn’tmarryPatevenifshethelastwomanonearth.
A.isB.wasC.hadbeenD.were
30.Manystudentswilltakepartintheschoolsportsmeetingthisweek,soshesuggestedthattheclassmeeting_______heldonSaturday.
A.notbeB.nottobeC.benotD.benotto
31.________theproblem,hewouldnthavecommittedthosemistakes.
A.IfheunderstoodB.HadheunderstoodC.WhenhehadunderstoodD.Ifhewouldunderstood
32.—Butthosearesize44.Youmightneedasmallersize.
—Yes,I______abitofweight.Ihavebeentryingtoloseweight!
A.willhavelostB.shouldhavelostC.mayhavelostD.can’tlose
33.—AreyougoingtoLloyd’sbirthdaypartyonFriday?
—Onlyifit______,hesaidhewashavingapicnicparty.
A.wouldn’trainB.doesn’trainC.won’trainD.hadn’trained
34.IfSanluGroup__________melaminetothemilk,thebabies________toomuchfromkidneystones.
A.didn’tadd;wouldnotsufferedB.hadn’tadded;wouldn’thavesuffered
C.hasn’tadded;wouldn’thavesufferedD.hadn’tadded;wouldhavesuffered
35.—Theresearchonthenewbirdfluvirusvaccineischallenginganddemanding.Whodoyouthinkcandothe
job?
—____mystudentshaveatry?
A.ShallB.WillC.CouldD.Should
1-5ABCAC6-10ABCDA11-15BDCDA16-20DCCBC
21-25CDDAA26-30BDADA31-35BCBBA
Unit8虛擬語氣
(1)若表示與，則條件從句中用過去式，主句中用過去將來式（would，should，could，might+動詞原形）；
(2)若表示某事將來實現(xiàn)的可能性不大，則條件從句中用should+動詞原形也可用“wereto+動詞原形”或用過去式動詞。如：
IwouldcertainlygoifI___________(have)time．（現(xiàn)在）
Ifitshouldrain，wewouldntgoout.（將來）
（3）若表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè)，從句中用過去完成式，主句中用過去將來完成式（should，would，could，might+have+過去分詞）。如：
IfIhadsetoffalittleearlier，I____________________caughtthetrain．
Shewould/mighthavecomeifshe__________beensobusy．
IfIhadnt___________(take)youradvice，Iwouldhavemadeabadmistake．
（4）含有虛擬語氣的條件狀語從句中，如有had，should，were這三個詞的話，在正式或書面語言中可將if省略，再將句子的主語和謂語動詞實行全部倒裝或部分倒裝。如：
___________theytime（=Iftheyhadtime），theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus．
____________itbefine（=Ifitshouldbefine），wewouldgoforanouting．
___________Iyou（=IfIwereyou），Iwouldgo．
（4）若主句從句所指的時間不一致，即條件從句表示與過去事實相反，主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反；或者條件從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，主句表真實情況，則從句中應(yīng)采用與具體時間相對應(yīng)的虛擬形式。如：
Ifit__________rainedlastnight（過去），Itwouldbeverycoldtoday（現(xiàn)在）．
IfI_____takenyouradvice（過去）,Ishouldhavenotroublewiththeworknow（現(xiàn)在）．
2．虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的用法
在動詞suggest，order，demand，propose，request，command，insist等后的賓語從句中，用虛擬語氣（即Should+動詞原形或只用動詞原形）來表示愿望、建議、命令、請求等。在動詞wish/wouldrather后的賓語從句中，用過去式表示與現(xiàn)在事實不符，用過去完成式表示與過去事實不符。如：
Isuggestthatwe（should）setoffatonce．
Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient(should)beX-rayed．
IwishI____________asstrongasyou．
Iwouldratherthatyou____________toldhim．（沒有告訴他）
3．虛擬語氣在主語從句中的用法
在Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural；Itisrequested/suggested/desired/proposed；itisapity等結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即Should+動詞原形或只用動詞原形。如：
Itisnecessarythathe（should）besentthereatonce．
ItisrequestedthatProfessorLi（___________）giveusaspeech．
Itisdesiredthatwe（should）geteverythingreadybytonight．
4．虛擬語氣在表語從句、同位語從句中的用法。
在suggestion，proposal，idea，plan，order，advice等名詞后的表語從句、同位語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即should+動詞原形或只用動詞原形。如：
Oursuggestionisthatyou（should）bethefirsttogo．
Myadviceisthatwe（____________）sendforDoctorLi．
Doyouknowtheorderthatyou（should）keepwatch？
5．虛擬語氣在其他狀語從句中的用法
在asif引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，用過去式表示與現(xiàn)在事實不符，用過去完成式表示與過去事實不符；
在sothat，inorderthat引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，常用should/would/could/might+動詞原形來表示虛擬語氣。如：
Theytalkedasifthey__________________friendsforyears．
Shestayedathomeforafewdayssothatshecouldtakecareofhermother．
Hetookataxitothestationsothatsheshouldnotmissthetrain．
6．虛擬語氣在定語從句中的用法：
在itistime后面的定語從句中常用過去式表示虛擬。
It’stimeIwasgoing.
It’stimesomebody___________(teach)youtobehaveyourself.
7.由wish引起的表示愿望的虛擬語氣
A．用wish表示對現(xiàn)在的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：過去式（be動詞用were）。
B．用wish表示對將來的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：would,could,might+動詞原形。
C．wish用于對過去的事實表示一種不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望時，賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為：had+動詞過去分詞或could,would+have+動詞過去分詞。
Iwishthathe__________solazy.
IwishI____________wastedsomuchtime.
Iwishshewouldchangehermind.
8.hadhoped/planned/thought/wanted/intended表示一種過去未實現(xiàn)的愿望或令人失望的事。
Ihadthoughthehadbeendeadforatleast20years.
IhadhopedthatshewouldgototheU.S.andstudythere,butshesaid
shelikedtostayinChina.
9.wouldrather.
would(had)rather,wouldassoon,wouldsooner和wouldprefer所引起的從句中要求用過去式表示當(dāng)時或?qū)淼那闆r，用過去完成時表示過去的情況，表示希望或婉轉(zhuǎn)的責(zé)備。例如：
I’dratheryou__________theletterrightaway.我倒希望你把這封信立刻寄出去。
Iwouldpreferhedidn’tstaytheretoolong.我倒希望他不要在那兒呆得太久。
Iwouldjustassoonyouhadreturnedthebookyesterday.我真希望你昨天把這本書還了。
10.It’s(high,about)timethat句型中that從句中要求用虛擬語氣形式，即動詞要用過去式。
It’stimethatsomething____________________(do)aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.
Itishightimethatweputanendtothisdiscussion.現(xiàn)在是我們該結(jié)束講座的時候了
11. 虛擬語氣在由某些連詞或個詞引出的表示條件、目的的狀語從句中的使用。常見的這些連詞和介詞有：
1)unless(除非)，provided(倘若)，supposing(假若)，providing(倘若),onconditionthat(如果),由這些詞、詞組引出的從句，動詞多用過去時。
除非你命令他做，要不他是不會做的。
Hewouldntdoitunlessyouorderedhimto.
假若你有機會出國，你會去哪兒呢？
Providingyouhadtheopportunitytogoabroad,wherewouldyougo?
12.sothat(以便)，forfearthat(以免,唯恐)，inorderthat(以便)，whether(不管)，lest(以免)，incase(假使)，從句中加情態(tài)動詞，有時should可省略。
他把它藏起來以免她看見。
Hehiditlestshe(should)seeit.
我得準(zhǔn)備點啤酒，說不定約翰會來。
IllgetsomebeerincaseJohnshouldcome.
他輕輕地進屋，以免吵醒他的同房。
Heenteredtheroomquietlyinorderthatheshouldnotwakehisroommate．
13.ifonly
如果表示對現(xiàn)在的愿望，句中的謂語動詞常用過去式；
如果表示將來的愿望，句中的謂語動詞常用would/could+動詞原形；
如果表示對過去的愿望，句中的謂語動詞常用had+過去分詞。
ifonlyI______you!
Ifonlyyou_________comeyesterday!
IfonlyLindacouldgowithustomorrow!
IfonlyIhadsaidmoreaboutit!
onlyif表示"只有"；ifonly則表示"如果……就好了"。Ifonly也可用于陳述語氣。
Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有鬧鐘響了，我才會醒。
Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung. 當(dāng)時鬧鐘響了，就好了。
Ifonlyhecomesearly. 但愿他早點回來。
1.Theboyacted____hehadneverlivedinCanadabefore.
A.asthoughB.evenifC.asD.since
2.Ifyouwereoldenough,I____youtogothereyesterday.
A.willallowB.shouldallowC.wouldhaveallowedD.hadallowed
3.Thesecretarysuggestedthatthey____themeninatonce.
A.hadbroughtB.shouldhavebroughtC.broughtD.bring
4.Ifwearrivedheretenminutesearlier,we___thebus.
AshouldhavecatchB.wouldhavecaughtC.hadcaughtD.wouldcatch
5.Donttouchthesleepingtiger.Ifhewokeup,he_____you.
A.wouldattackB.shouldattackC.wouldhaveattackedD.willattack
6.Withoutelectricity,humanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.
A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
7.HowIwishI____toreapairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse.
A.hadtriedB.hadnttriedC.havetriedD.didnttry
8.Hedemandedthatthelaboratoryreport___immediatelyaftertheexperimentwasdone.
A.waswrittenB.bewrittenC.mustbewrittenD.wouldbewritten
9.IfonlyI_____howtooperateanelectroniccomputerasyoudo.
A.hadknownB.wouldknowC.shouldknowD.knew
10.Ifhe___totheteacherattentively,he___theanswertotheproblemnow.
A.hadlistened,wouldhaveknownB.listened,wouldknow
C.listened,wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened,wouldknow
11.Iwouldhavecomeearlier,butI___thatyouwerewaitingforme.
A.didn’tknowB.hadn’tknowC.wouldhaveknownD.haven’tknown
12.ItisreallystrangethatMarry,whoisstillacollegestudnet,___soearly.
A.hasbeenmarriedB.hasmarriedC.bemarriedD.wouldmarry
13.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents___twoweekstopreparefortheexam.
A.giveB.shouldgiveC.begivenD.wouldbegiven
14.Iwasbusyyesterday,otherwiseI___yourbirthdayparty.
A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended
15.Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey___friendsforyears.
A.wereB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen
16.Itisimportantthatyou___acommunicationwithMr.Williansimmediately.
A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave
17.Itishightimewe___upourresults.
A.sumB.summedC.willsumD.wouldsum
18.Ifthedoctorhadbeenavailable,thechild___.
A.wouldnotdieB.wouldnothavediedC.couldnotdieD.couldnothavedied
19.Ican’tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughhe_______everything.
A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown
20.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I___himattheairport.
A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmeetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet
21.Kunarcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe___mehow.
A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach
22.Iwouldhavecalledyouupforhelphaditbeenpossible,butI___yourphonenumberthen.
A.hadn’thadB.didn’thaveC.shouldn’thaveD.couldn’thave
23.Ifit___anothertenminutes,thegamewouldhavebeencalledoff.
A.hadrainedB.wouldhadrainedC.haveseenD.didsee
24.Hesuggestedthatthey___useatrickinsteadoffighting.
A.shouldB.wouldC.doD.had
25.“Whydidn’tyoubuyanewcar?”“IwouldhaveboughtoneifI___enoughmoney.”
A.hadB.havehadC.wouldhaveD.hadhad
26.Irecommendedthatthestudent___hiscompositionassoonaspossible.
A.finishingwritingB.shouldfinishthewritingC.finishwritingD.finishedwriting
27.TheBakersarrivedlastnight,ifthey’donlyletusknowearlier,___atthestation.
A.we’dmeetthemB.we’llmeetthemC.we’dhavemetthemD.we’vemetthem
28.Wemighthavefailedifyou___usahelpinghand.
A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgiveC.hadnotgivenD.didnotgive
29.TheLawrequiresthateveryone___hiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.
A.hasB.hadCwillhaveD.have
30ThelibrarianinsiststhatJohn___nomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebookshehadborrowed.
A.willtakeB.tookC.takeD.takes
31.Thencameawordfromourbossthatweall___atpresentathisofficerightaway.
A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbe
32.---Helencouldn’tgottoFranceafterall.
----That’stoobad,I’msureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif___.
A.she’sgoneB.she’llgoC.she’dgoneD.she’dgo
33Imustgothereearlier.JohnhassuggestedthatI___anhourbeforethediscussionbegins.
A.goB.shallgoC.willgoD.wouldgo
34.Butfortheguidanceofourinstructor(導(dǎo)師),we___intheexperiment.
A.shouldn’tsucceedB.couldnothavesucceed
C.willnotsucceedD.shouldnothavesucceeded
35.Inthepastmengenerallywouldratherthattheirwives______inthehome.
A.workedB.wouldworkC.workD.wereworking
.36.Johndidnotfeelwellyesterday;otherwisehe_______toseehisclassmatesoff.
A.cameB.wouldcomeC.wouldhavecomeD.shouldbecoming
37.It’sabouttimepeople______noticeofwhatwomendidduringthewar.
A.takeB.tookC.havetakenD.willtake
38Somepeoplearetooparticularaboutschoolrecords,insistingthateveryapplicant______alldiplomasfromelementaryschooltouniversity.
A.hasB.willhaveC.shouldhaveD.musthave
39.Withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftoday’sadvancedtechnology_______..
A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachieved
C.wouldnothavebeenachievedD.hadnotbeenachieved
40.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun________roundtheearth.
A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling
41.Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_______asuddenloudnoise.
A.beingthereB.shouldtherebeC.therewasD.therehavingbeen
42._______morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.
A.IfthecaptainwereB.Hadthecaptainbeen
C.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen
43.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI________inlove，attheageofseven，withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.
A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall
44.Sheinsistedthatshe________illofhimbehindhim，buthedidn’tbelieveit.
A.hadn’tspokenB.shouldn’tspeakC.wouldn’tspeakD.notspeak
45.Shecouldn’thaveansweredthequestionifshe________afewbooksonworldhistory.
A.hadn’treadB.hasn’treadC.wouldn’treadD.didn’tread
46.IwenttothemeetingyesterdaybecauseI_______nothingaboutthediscussionwithoutattendingit.
A.didn’tknowB.wouldknowC.knewD.wouldhaveknown
47.Isn’titabouttimethatyou________topickupthevisitorsfromNewYork?
A.wentB.shouldgoC.goD.willgo
48.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater，itlooksasifit________.
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
49.Hissilenceatthemeetingsuggestedthathe________toyourplan.
A.didn’tagreeB.hadn’tagreedC.wouldn’tagreeD.notagree
50..Theyoungmaninsistedthathe________nothingwrongand________freeimmediately.
A.did;setB.haddone;shouldbesetC.do;besetD.haddone;mustbeset
51.Ifyou________toseeMary,whatwouldyoutellher?
AareBwillbegoingChadDwere
52.Ifthewholeoperation____________beforehand,agreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost.
AwasnotplannedBhasnotbeenplannedChadnotbeenplannedDwerenotplanned
53.IfI__________harderatschool,Iwouldbesittinginacomfortableofficenow.
AhadworkedBworkedCweretoworkDwereworking
54.IwishI____________longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.
AcouldhavesleptBsleptCmighthavesleptDhaveslept
55.“Youareveryselfish.It’shightimeyou_________youarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,”Edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.
AhaverealizedBrealisedCrealizeDshouldrealise
56.IfIhadn’tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you___________now.
Awouldn’tbesmilingBcouldn’thavesmiledCwon’tsmileDdidn’tsmile
57.__________formyillness,Iwouldhavelenthimahelpinghand.
ANotbeingBHaditnotbeenCwithoutbeingDNothavingbeen
58.Wereshetoleaverightnow,she___________thereonSunday.
AhadgotBmighthavegotCwouldgotDhasgot
59.Thechildreninthebackseatmighthavebeenseriouslyinjuredifthedriver________thatthey
wearseatbelts.
Ahasn’tbeeninsistingBhadn’tinsistedCwouldn’tinsistDwasn’tinsisting
60.ifonlyI_________morecarefulthatday!
AcouldbeBwouldhavebeenCshouldbeDhadbeen高考英語難點37講--難點22虛擬語氣
虛擬語氣是動詞的一種特殊形式。它用來表示所說的不是事實，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望，建議或是與事實相反的假設(shè)。
●難點磁場
1.()Jane’sfacesuggestedthatshe________ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe________amedicalexamination.
A.be;shouldhaveB.was;haveC.shouldbe;hadD.was;has
2.()Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe________inturn,you________sotired.
A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tget
C.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot
3.()HowIwisheveryfamily________alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.(2002上海春季)
A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad
●案例探究
1.IwishI________youyesterday.
A.seenB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee
命題意圖：此題旨在考查wish后加賓語從句表示可實現(xiàn)的愿望。此題屬四星級題。
知識依托：wish+賓語從句表示不可實現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“……就好了，但愿……”
錯解分析：A、B、D項都不是跟過去事實相反的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)。
解題方法與技巧：掌握wish后賓語從句的三種謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)。
答案：C
2.Isuggestedthatthemeeting________tilltomorrowmorning.
A.shouldputoffB.beputoffC.isputoffD.willputoff
命題意圖：此題旨在考查suggest（建議）后加賓語從句，從句謂語動詞的用法。此題屬四星級題。
知識依托：suggest/arrange/demand/insist/order/require等動詞后的賓語從句中謂語用（should)+動詞原形。另外像advise/idea/order/demand/suggestion等詞的表語從句和同位語從句，謂語動詞也用（should)+動詞原形。
錯解分析：A項應(yīng)用shouldbeputoff(會議被延期）。
C、D項都不符合虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)。
答案:B
3.Whenapencilisputinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit________.
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
命題意圖：此題考查虛擬語氣用于以asif(asthough)引導(dǎo)的表語從句或狀語從句。此題屬四星級題目。
知識依托：如果從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，謂語動詞用一般過去時；表示與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”；表示與將來事實相反，謂語動詞用“would(might,could)+動詞原形?！?br>
LiMingspeaksEnglishasifhewereanEnglishman.(與現(xiàn)在事實相反）
Itlooksasifitmightrain.(與將來事實相反）
ItseemsasifTomhadtravelledalotinChinabefore.(與過去事實相反）
錯解分析：本句意思是：當(dāng)把鉛筆放在一杯水里的時候，它看起來就跟斷了似的。（其實沒斷）與現(xiàn)在事實相反。故選C項。
解題方法與技巧：看whenapencilisputin…中謂語時態(tài)。
答案:C
●錦囊妙計
做好虛擬語氣，除了掌握基本的結(jié)構(gòu)外，還要注意句子所表達的意義與現(xiàn)在過去，還是將來事實相反，看清時間狀語，另外還要注意在其他結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的運用。
1.在主語從句中謂語動詞的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)為：“should+動詞原形”表示驚奇，不相信，惋惜等。
例：Itisadvisable/important/natural/necessarythatsb.(should)do
2.在Itistime/hightimethatsb.shoulddosth.
或Itistimethatsb.didsth
3.wouldrathersb.+過去時，指現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼?br>
例：I’dratherFatherwereherenow.
I’drathertheycameheretomorrow.
4.Butfor…without短語譯為“要不是……”，句子謂語也常用虛擬。
●殲滅難點訓(xùn)練
1.()Thedoctorinsistedthatthepatient________upsmoking.
A.wouldgiveB.giveC.givesD.gave
2.()________someinformation,shecouldhaveansweredthequestions.
A.ShehadbeengivenB.Ifshewasgiven
C.HadifshebeengivenD.Hadshebeengiven
3.()Withoutelectricityhumanlife________quitedifficulttoday.
A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
4.()Everythingwillgoonasusualasif________happened.
A.nothinghadB.anythinghadn’tC.nothingwasD.anythingwasnot
5.()IfonlyI________theiradvice.
A.followB.willfollowC.havefollowedD.hadfollowed
6.()Ifyou________atschool,you________acollegestudentnow.
A.hadstudiedhard;wouldhavebeen
B.shouldhavestudiedhard;shouldhavebeen
C.hadstudiedhard;wouldbe
C.wouldstudyhard;musthavebeen
7.()—Heisaverybraveman.
—Yes,IwishI________hiscourage.
A.haveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave
8.()Itwasorderedthatnoparking________allowedinfrontofthebuilding.
A.isB.beC.wasD.wouldbe
9.()Don’tcometoday.I’dratheryou________tomorrow.
A.willcomeB.comeC.comesD.came
高二英語虛擬語氣教案
1.——Didyousubmit(遞交）yourapplicationforaMaster’sdegree(碩士學(xué)位）？
——Notyet.IfI_____toseemyfather,Iwouldhave.”
A.didn’tgoB.haven’tgoneC.wouldn’thavegoneD.hadn’tgone
2.——Whydidn’tTomgiveyouoneofhispaintings?
——Ididn’twantone,buthewouldhavegivenmeoneifI____.
A.DoB.wouldC.willD.had
3.——Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthegaragedoor?
——No,ifhehad,Idon’tbelieve_____brokenthelivingroomwindow.
A.wouldhehaveB.hehadC.hewouldhaveD.hehas
4._______I’dhavetoldyou.
A.IfIwouldhaveknownitB.IfIhadhaveknownit
C.HadIknowitD.ShouldIknowit
5.I____comeyesterday,butIcouldn’t.
A.wastohaveB.mustC.oughtD.haveto
6.——Itisraining,andIhavenoumbrella.
——Here’smine,andIinsist____it.
A.youtotakeB.thatyoutakeC.thatyoutakingD.youtaking
7.Theprofessorgaveordersthatthetest____before5:30.
A.befinishedB.willfinishC.willbefinishedD.shallfinish
8.Imustgothereearlier.JohnhassuggestedthatI_____anhourbeforethediscussionbegins.
A.goB.shallgoC.willgoD.wouldgo
9.Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI____there.
A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.went
10.Shespeaksasifshe____onthespot.
A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.is
11.IfI______tenyearsyounger,I_____veryhappy.
A.were,wouldbeB.am,shallbeC.were,shallbeD.am,wouldbe
12.——Youcanaskyourbrotherforhelp.
——Heisnotathome.Ifhe____,I_____.
A.is,wouldB.were,wouldC.is,willD.were,will
13.Ifyou____thedoctorsadvice,youwouldhavealreadyrecovered.
A.followB.followedC.wouldfollowD.hadfollowed
14.Ifhehadnotmissedthetrain,he_____bythen.
A.mightgetB.mighthavegotC.gotD.hadgot
15.Whatwouldyouhavedonelastnight,ifyou_____towriteyourhomework.
A.hadn’tB.haven’thadC.didn’thaveD.hadn’thad
16.——Didyoucatchtheplane?
——No.ifIhadhurried,I______.
A.wouldB.wouldhaveC.couldD.did
17.Whydidn’tyoutellhimthetruth?IfI_____you,Iwouldhave.
A.wereB.hadbeenC.amD.wouldbe
18.——Howdoyouliketheparty?
——Wonderful.Ifyouhadcomewithus,you____agoodtime.
A.hadB.hadhadC.wouldhaveD.wouldhavehad
19.IfI_____outofmyink,Iwouldhavefinishedwritingthepaper.
A.didn’trunB.shouldn’trunC.haven’trunD.hadn’trun
20.Ifyou_____earlytomorrowmorning,youwouldbetherebynoon.
A.havestartedB.werestartedC.weretostartD.hadstarted
21.——Didyouhandinyourapplicationforaleaguemember?
——Notyet.IfI_____toseemyfather,Iwouldhave.
A.didn’tgoB.haven’tgoneC.wouldn’thavegoneD.hadn’tgone
22.——Whydidn’tTomgiveyouoneofhispaintings?
——Ididn’twantone,buthewouldhavegivenmeoneifI_____.
A.doB.wouldC.willD.had
23.——Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthegaragedoor?
——No,ifhehad,Idon’tbelieve____brokenthelivingroomwindow.
A.wouldhehaveB.hehadC.hewouldhaveD.hehas
24.______I’dhavetoldyou.
A.IfIwouldhaveknownitB.IfIhadhaveknownit
C.HadIknownitD.shouldIknowit
25.I____comeyesterday,butIcouldn’t.
A.wastohaveB.mustC.oughtD.haveto
Keys:1-5DDCCA6-10BAACB11-15ABDBD
16-20BBDDC21-25DDCCA
