高中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2021-03-29第四章情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(二)一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞完成式。
俗話說(shuō),凡事預(yù)則立,不預(yù)則廢。高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案,這是高中教師需要精心準(zhǔn)備的。教案可以讓學(xué)生們能夠在上課時(shí)充分理解所教內(nèi)容,幫助高中教師營(yíng)造一個(gè)良好的教學(xué)氛圍。寫好一份優(yōu)質(zhì)的高中教案要怎么做呢?下面是小編為大家整理的“第四章情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(二)一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞完成式”,歡迎大家閱讀,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone”是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一個(gè)十分重要的結(jié)構(gòu),這種結(jié)構(gòu)有兩個(gè)主要的用法。
表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的推測(cè)或估計(jì)
maymighthavedone
表示“大概已經(jīng)”
通常用于肯定句和否定句。
might有時(shí)可用于疑問(wèn)句。
cancouldhavedone
表示“可能已經(jīng)”
通常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句。
could有時(shí)可用于肯定句。
musthavedone
表示“一定已經(jīng)”
只用于肯定句,具有較大的可能性
shouldhavedone表示“該”,可能性較小
表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的遺憾或責(zé)備
mighthavedone
表示“本可以
通常用于肯定句
couldhavedone
表示“本可以
通常用于肯定句。
shouldhavedone
表示“應(yīng)該
可用于肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句。
oughttohavedone
表示“應(yīng)該”
同shouldhavedone。
neednthavedone
表示“本沒(méi)有必要”
只用于否定句。
A.may/might/havedone
1.表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)不大肯定的推測(cè),常譯為“可能已經(jīng)”。
Theymighthavetakenalatertrain.也許他們乘坐的是晚一點(diǎn)兒的火車。
Heseemstoknowthecityquitewell.Hemayhavebeentherebefore.他似乎對(duì)那個(gè)城市很熟悉,他以前可能去過(guò)那兒。
2.表示“本來(lái)應(yīng)該或可以做但沒(méi)有做某事”,含有輕微的責(zé)備口吻或遺憾。
Youmighthavegivenhimmorehelp,thoughyouwerebusy.你本來(lái)應(yīng)該給他更多的幫助,雖然你很忙。
Theproposalmighthavebeenrefused.這個(gè)建議本該拒絕的。
B.cancouldhavedone
1.表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的推測(cè),常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句。
HecantcouldnthavewatchedTVyesterdayforheknewtheywouldhaveanexam.昨天他不可能看電視,因?yàn)樗揽煲荚嚵恕?br>
Idontknowwhyshedidntcallmeyesterday.Can(Could)shehaveforgottenmytelephonenumber我不知道昨天她為什么沒(méi)給我打電話,難道她會(huì)把我的電話號(hào)碼忘了嗎?
Hedidntcometoschoolyesterday.Canhehavebeenill他昨天沒(méi)來(lái)學(xué)校,難道他生病了?
2.could可表示對(duì)過(guò)去能做而未做的事感到惋惜、遺憾,可譯成“本來(lái)是可以……的”。
WhydidntSophieapplyforthejobShecouldhavegotit.為什么索菲不申請(qǐng)這項(xiàng)工作?她本來(lái)是能得到的。
WhydidyoustayatahotelwhenyouwenttoNewYorkYoucouldhavestayedwithBarbara.你到紐約時(shí)為什么住賓館?你完全可以和芭芭拉住在一起的。
Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedonetheworkbetter.如果給我們更多的時(shí)間,我們完全可以把這項(xiàng)工作干得更好。
C.musthavedone
1.表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)有把握的推測(cè),具有較大的可能性。只用于肯定句中,否定句和疑問(wèn)句用cancouldhavedone。
Hiswatchmusthavestopped.他的表肯定停了。
---Irangyourflatyesterday.AmanansweredbutIdidntrecognizethevoice.昨天我給你家打電話,一位男士接了電話,但我沒(méi)聽出來(lái)是誰(shuí)的聲音。
---Oh,itmusthavebeenmybrotherPeter.哦,那一定是我哥哥彼得。
2.用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中時(shí),表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反。
Youmusthavecaughtthebusifyouhadgotupearlier.如果你早一點(diǎn)兒起床的話,你準(zhǔn)能趕上那一班公共汽車了。(事實(shí)上沒(méi)有趕上公共汽車)
Hemusthavewonthegameifhehadbeencarefulenough.如果他足夠細(xì)心的話,他準(zhǔn)能贏得比賽。.
D.neednthavedone
用于對(duì)過(guò)去的責(zé)備,表示“沒(méi)有必要做某事,可是做了”。
Theairportisclosetous.Youneednthavehurriedthereearly.機(jī)場(chǎng)離這兒很近,你沒(méi)必要早早地趕到那里。(可是你早早地到那兒了)
Heisstillyoung.Youneednthavesenthimsuchanexpensivepresent.他還小,你沒(méi)必要送他這么昂貴的禮物。
注意:
如表示“過(guò)去不必做也沒(méi)有做”之意,需用didntneedtodo。
Itisnotcoldtoday.Ididntneedtotakethethicksweatersout.今天天氣不冷,我沒(méi)有必要把厚毛衣拿出來(lái)。(實(shí)際上也沒(méi)拿)
E.shouldoughttohavedone
1.表示對(duì)過(guò)去動(dòng)作的責(zé)備或批評(píng)。
Youshouldhavegoneoveryourlessons.(Infactyoudidntgooveryourlessons.)你們應(yīng)把功課復(fù)習(xí)好的。(可事實(shí)上你們沒(méi)有。)
YoushouldnthavewatchedTVlastnight.(InfactyouwatchedTVlastnight.)你們昨天晚上本不該看電視。(可你們看了。)
Yououghtnttohaveenteredtheteachersofficewithoutpermission.沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)允許,你們本不該進(jìn)老師的辦公室。
Yououghtnttohavegonetothedesertedplacealone.你不該獨(dú)自去那荒涼之地。
2.表示期待或推測(cè)。
Iftheflightwasontime,youshouldoughttohavearrivedinShanghaiearlythismorning.如果航班準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的話,你今早就能到上海了。
Thebuildingshouldoughttohavebeencompletedbytheendoftheweek.這幢建筑物本周末前應(yīng)該能完工。
F.wouldhavedone
表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)或結(jié)果。
Iwouldhavebeenhappytoseehim,butIdidnthavetime.我會(huì)很高興和他見面的,但我沒(méi)時(shí)間見他。
Ifyourfatherhadstillbeenalive,hewouldhavefeltveryproudofyou.你父親如果還健在的話,他會(huì)為你驕傲的。
擴(kuò)展閱讀
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
一位優(yōu)秀的教師不打無(wú)準(zhǔn)備之仗,會(huì)提前做好準(zhǔn)備,高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案,這是高中教師需要精心準(zhǔn)備的。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好的吸收課堂上所講的知識(shí)點(diǎn),幫助授課經(jīng)驗(yàn)少的高中教師教學(xué)。優(yōu)秀有創(chuàng)意的高中教案要怎樣寫呢?小編經(jīng)過(guò)搜集和處理,為您提供情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,希望對(duì)您的工作和生活有所幫助。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是高考考查的重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目之一,2005年全國(guó)17套高考試題對(duì)此都有考查。下面就近幾年來(lái)高考試題中出現(xiàn)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行歸納分析,以便同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)掌握。
一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)
1.肯定的推測(cè)一般用must,should,may(might)或could(不用can),其中,must的語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng),譯為“肯定”、“準(zhǔn)是”、“想必是”;should的語(yǔ)氣次之,譯為“很可能”、“應(yīng)該”,指按常理推測(cè);may(might),could的語(yǔ)氣最弱,譯為“也許”、“可能”。
①Helen_______goonthetripwithusbutsheisn’tquitesureyet.(2005年安徽卷)
A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can
②—I’vetakensomeoneelse’sgreensweaterbymistake.
—It___Harry’s.Healwayswearsgreen.(2005年廣東卷)
A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustn’tbeD.couldbe
③Ihavelostoneofmygloves.I_______itsomewhere.(2005年北京春季卷)
A.mustdropB.musthavedropped
C.mustbedroppingD.musthavebeendropped
④IfI____plantodoanythingIwantedto,I’dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.(2005年湖北卷)
A.wouldB.couldC.hadtoD.oughtto
2.否定推測(cè)分為兩種情況:
1)語(yǔ)氣不很肯定時(shí),常用maynot,mightnot或couldnot,譯為“可能不”、“也許不”。
Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers______notlikethedesignofthefurniture.(2004年上海春季卷)
A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need
2)否定語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)時(shí),則用can’t,譯為“根本不可能”、“想必不會(huì)”,表示驚異、懷疑的感情色彩。
①—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.
—Well.He______havegonefar——hiscoat’sstillhere.(2005年湖北卷)
A.shouldn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.wouldn’t
②—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?
—No,it_______behimI’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.(2004年全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)
A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot
3.疑問(wèn)句中的推測(cè),往往用can或could。
Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How______itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?(2001年上海春季卷)
A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must
4.對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)常用“must,may,might等+完成式”;否定推測(cè)常用“can,could,may,might等+完成式”。
①Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They_______atleast150kilometersanhour.(2005年重慶卷)
A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoing
C.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone
②He_______havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbyseaside.(2005年北京卷)
A.shouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t
③—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisbeabsenttoday?
—Something________tohim.(2005年江西卷)
A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappened
C.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappened
④MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe_____haveattendedyourlecture.(2000年上海卷)
A.couldn’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t
二、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式”
1.“should(oughtto)+完成式”表示本應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做。其否定式表示某種行為不該發(fā)生但卻發(fā)生了。
①—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.
—You________herlastweek.(2004年福建卷)
A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetold
C.musttellD.shouldhavetold
②Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach,I_____somuchfriedchickenjustnow.(2002年上海春季卷)
A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeaten
C.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat
2.“could+完成式”表示本來(lái)能夠做成某事的但結(jié)果沒(méi)能做成,含有遺憾的意味。
Hepaidforaseat,whenhe______haveenteredfree.(2005年山東卷)
A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need
3.“needn’t+不定式的完成式”表示本來(lái)不必做某事而實(shí)際上做了某事。例如:
Youneedn’thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.你本不需要澆花的,因?yàn)樘炀鸵掠炅恕?p>—Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.
—Thanks.You______it.Icouldmanageitmyself.(2005年福建卷)
A.needn’tdoB.needn’thavedoneC.mustn’tdoD.shouldn’thavedone
三、常見的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
1.shall用于一、三人稱疑問(wèn)句表示征求對(duì)方意見;用于二、三人稱陳述句表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅等。
①“Theinterestbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.(2004年重慶卷)
A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall
②—Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.
—You______havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.(2004年湖南卷)
A.shan’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.shouldn’t
③—Theroomissodirty.______wecleanit?
—Ofcourse.(2003年北京春季卷)
A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do
2.must用于疑問(wèn)句,表示責(zé)備、抱怨的感情色彩,意思為“偏偏,偏要”;mustn’t表示禁止,是說(shuō)話人強(qiáng)有力的勸告。
①John,lookatthetime._______youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?(2005年全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)
A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need
②Tom,youleaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!(2005年全國(guó)Ⅰ)
A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot
3.needn’t表示“沒(méi)有必要”。
—Lucydoesn’tmindlendingyouherdictionary.
—She______.I’vealreadyborrowedone.(2005年湖南卷)
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t
4.would表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向。
Whenhewasthere,he___gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.(1996年上海卷)
A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might
5.表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力而成功的某一次動(dòng)作,只能用was/wereableto,而不能用could。
Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_____getout.(1997年全國(guó)卷)
A.hadtoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.could
6.考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用作答語(yǔ)的情況
①—Writetomewhenyougethome.
—_______.(2001年北京春季卷)
A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican
②—CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname?
—Yes,you______.(1998年上海卷)
A.willB.couldC.mayD.might
鞏固練習(xí):
1.Michael______beapoliceman,forheismuchtooshort.
A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may
2.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI____forher.
A.hadtowriteitoutB.musthavewrittenitout
C.shouldhavewrittenitoutD.oughttowriteitout
3.Jack_____yet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.
A.mustn’thavearrivedB.shouldn’thavearrived
C.can’thavearrivedD.needn’thavearrived
4.Sir,you______besittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomenandchildrenonly.
A.mustn’tB.can’tC.won’tD.needn’t
5.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags_______beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.
A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will
6.—IsJohncomingbytrain?
—Heshould,buthe_____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.
A.mustB.canC.needD.may
7.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_______remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.
A.canB.willC.mayD.shall
8.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman______besorudetoalady.
A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would
9.—Don’tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.—_______.
A.Idon’tB.Iwon’tC.Ican’tD.Ihaven’t
10.Ididn’tseeherinthemeeting-roomthismorning.She____atthemeeting.
A.mustn’thavespokenB.shouldn’thavespoken
C.needn’thavespokenD.couldn’thavespoken
例題答案
Key:CDBBKey:CKey:CAKey:AKey:BBDAKey:DC
Key:AKey:BKey:DABKey:ABKey:CKey:A
Key:CKey:CC
練習(xí)答案與解析
1.B從第二個(gè)分句“他太矮了”可以推知說(shuō)話者持否定態(tài)度,needn’t意思是“沒(méi)有必要”,與語(yǔ)境不符。
2.C根據(jù)句意“我已經(jīng)告訴她怎樣到那兒,但是或許我應(yīng)該給她寫下來(lái)”可知,說(shuō)話者含有“后悔、遺憾”的意味,應(yīng)使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成式”形式,“must+完成式”表示對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè),“should+完成式”才表示虛擬意義。
3.C根據(jù)第二分句“否則的話他就會(huì)給我打電話了”可知“Jack肯定還沒(méi)到”,“can’t+完成式”意思是“根本不可能”。
4.A從第二分句可知,這是婦女和兒童專用候車室,因此你“不準(zhǔn)”坐在這兒。mustn’t表示“禁止,不準(zhǔn)”。
5.Bcan在此表示許可。
6.D從后一句“他喜歡開車”可知說(shuō)話者把握不大。mustnot不表示推測(cè),cannot的語(yǔ)氣太絕對(duì),意思是“根本不可能”。
7.Dshall用于第二、三人稱,表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命令、警告、允諾、威脅等意思。
8.Cshould在此表示驚訝的感情色彩,意思是“竟然”。
9.B對(duì)祈使句的肯定回答用Iwill;否定回答用Iwon’t。
10.D根據(jù)句意“我今天上午在會(huì)議室沒(méi)見到她”,所以“她根本不可能在會(huì)上發(fā)言”。表示“根本不可能”用can’t/couldn’thavedone形式。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1
1)You____allthoseclothes!Wehaveawashingmachinetodothatsortofthing
A)neednthavewashedB)shouldnthavewashed
C)mustnothavewashed D)cannothavewashed
2)Johnsscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he____lastnight.
A)shouldstudyB)shouldhavestudied
C)musthavestudiedD)musthavetostudy
3)Theroomisinaterriblemess;it____cleaned.(CET-4,1996,6)
A)canthavebeenB)shouldnthavebeen
C)mustnthavebeenD)wouldnthavebeen
4)Nobodyknowshowpeoplefirstcametotheseislands.They____fromSouthAmericaonrafts.
A)musthavesailed B)cansail
C)mighthavesailedD)shouldhavesailed
5)Marywasnotinherbedroomyesterdayafternoon.She____inherclassroom.
A)shouldhavebeenB)musthavebeenC)mustbeD)shouldbe
6)Bobsaidhewasgoingtojoinourclubbuthedidnt.He____hismind.
A)canthavechangedB)wouldnthavechanged
C)musthavechangedD)shouldnthavechanged
7)You____totowntoseethefilmyesterday.ItwillbeonTVtonight.
A)needntgoB)hadbetternotgo
C)shouldnotgoD)neednthavegone
8)We____theletteryesterday,butitdidntarrive.
A)mustreceiveB)oughttoreceive
C)musthavereceivedD)oughttohavereceived
9)Withalltheworkonhand,he____tothecinemalastnight.
A)mustntgoB)shouldnthavegone
C)couldnotgoD)couldnthavegone
10)Evewaslateforclassagain.She____earlier.
A)shouldgetupB)mustgetup
C)needtogetupD)shouldhavegotup
11)Iamfeelingsick.I____somuchchocolate.
A)neednthaveeatenB)couldnthaveeaten
C)mustnthaveeatenD)shouldnthaveeaten
12)Ididntsendoutmyapplicationformlastweek,butI____.
A)hadB)woulddoC)shouldhaveD)mighthaveto
13)Walkingaloneinthedesertedvillage,Johnwasscared.Hethoughthe____Tomtogowithhim.
A)mighthaveaskedB)shouldasked
C)musthaveaskedD)shouldhaveasked
14)WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadystarted;I____thereearlier.
A)oughttogetB)oughttohavegotC)musthavegotD)mustget
15)Theroadwasmuddy.It____rainedlastnight.
A)must B)musthaveC)mustbe D)couldhave
16)ShecanspeakquitefluentEnglish.She____.
A)mustbeenintheU.S.A.forsometime
B)musthavebeenintheU.S.A.forsometime
C)shouldhavebeenintheU.S.A.forsometime
D)MaybeintheU.S.A.forsometime
17)Youshouldbearinmindthatheisnotsostrongashe____.
A)wasusedtobeB)usedtobeC)wasusedtoD)useto
18)“Wedidntseehimattheexhibitionyesterday.”“He___it.”
A)mustntvisitB)canthavevisited
C)shouldhavegonetoseeD)maysee
19)Mary____myletter,otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.
A)shouldhavereceivedB)hasreceived
C)CouldnthavereceivedD)oughttohavereceived
20)I____youavaluablepresentforyourbirthday,butIwasshortofmoney.
A)wouldhavelikedtogiveB)likedtogive
C)havelikedtogiveD)wouldliketogive
21)“Where____myumbrella?”“Somebody____itawaybymistake.”
A)is,musthavetakenB)is,musttake
C)havebeen,musttakeD)is,takes
22)What____wouldhappenifthedirectorknewyoufeltthatway?
A)willyousupposeB)yousuppose C)doyousuppose D)youwouldsuppose
23)Twoeyes____seemorethanone.
A)can B)mayC)willD)should
24)____youcontinueinyoureffortsandachievenewandgreatersuccesses.
A)WouldB)WillC)MayD)Should
25)Weoughttohelpeachotherinourwork,____?
A)oughtntweB)shouldweC)shouldntweD)oughttowe
26)Tom____betterthantoaskDickforhelp.
A)shallknowB)shouldntknowC)hasknownD)shouldhaveknown
27)You____yourtoothpulledoutbeforeitrotcompletely.
A)hadbettergotB)hadtogetbetter
C)hadbettertogetD)hadbetterget
28)Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhasntstartedyet,sowe____.
A)neednthurryB)didntneedhurry
C)neednttohurry D)neednthavehurried
29)Itwasreallyverydangerous;you____himseriously.
A)mighthaveinjuredB)couldinjure
C)shouldhaveinjuredD)mustinjure
30)Ashehadheartattack,hewastoldthathe____continuethework.
A)needntB)maynotC)mustntD)cant
31)AnEnglishmanwho____notspeakItalianwasoncetravelinginItaly.
A)mustB)couldC)may D)might
32)I____liketomakeasuggestion.
A)couldB)wouldC)mustD)might
33)Iknowthingsarehardwithyou,butyou____trytogetoverthedifficulties.
A)can B)mayC)mustD)ought
34Icantfindtherecorderintheroom.It____bysomebody.
A)mayhavebeentakenawayB)mayleave
C)maytakeawayD)musthavetakenaway
35)He____the9:20trainbecausehedidntleavehometill9:25.
A)canreachB)couldcatchC)maynotcatchD)couldnthavecaught
36)You____allthoseclothes!Wehaveawashingmachinetodothatsortofthing
A)neednthavewashedB)shouldnthavewashed
C)mustnothavewashed D)cannothavewashed
37)Johnsscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he____lastnight.
A)shouldstudyB)shouldhavestudied
C)musthavestudiedD)musthavetostudy
38)Theroomisinaterriblemess;it____havebeencleaned.(CET-4,1996,6)
A)cant B)shouldntC)mustntD)wouldnt
39)Nobodyknowshowpeoplefirstcametotheseislands.They____fromSouthAmericaonrafts.
A)musthavesailed B)cansail
C)mighthavesailedD)shouldhavesailed
40)Marywasnotinherbedroomyesterdayafternoon.She____inherclassroom.
A)shouldhavebeenB)musthavebeenC)mustbeD)shouldbe
41)Bobsaidhewasgoingtojoinourclubbuthedidnt.He____havechangedhismind.
A)cant B)wouldntC)mustD)shouldnt
42)You____totowntoseethefilmyesterday.ItwillbeonTVtonight.
A)needntgoB)hadbetternotgo C)shouldnotgo D)neednthavegone
43)We____theletteryesterday,butitdidntarrive.
A)mustreceiveB)oughttoreceive
C)musthavereceivedD)oughttohavereceived
44)Withalltheworkonhand,he____tothecinemalastnight.
A)mustntgoB)shouldnthavegone
C)couldnotgoD)couldnthavegone
45)Evewaslateforclassagain.She____earlier.
A)shouldgetup B)mustgetup C)needtogetup D)shouldhavegotup
46)Iamfeelingsick.I____haveeatensomuchchocolate.
A)neednt B)couldntC)mustntD)shouldnt
47)Ididntsendoutmyapplicationformlastweek,butI____.
A)hadB)woulddoC)shouldhaveD)mighthaveto
48)Walkingaloneinthedesertedvillage,Johnwasscared.Hethoughthe____Tomtogowithhim.
A)mighthaveasked B)shouldasked C)musthaveaskedD)shouldhaveasked
49)WhenIgottothecinema,thefilmhadalreadystarted;I____thereearlier.
A)oughttogetB)oughttohavegotC)musthavegotD)mustget
50)Theroadwasmuddy.It____rainedlastnight.
A)mustB)musthaveC)mustbeD)couldhave
A)mustbeenintheU.S.A.forsometime
B)musthavebeenintheU.S.A.forsometime
C)shouldhavebeenintheU.S.A.forsometime
D)MaybeintheU.S.A.forsometime
52)Youshouldbearinmindthatheisnotsostrongashe____.
A)wasusedtobeB)usedtobeC)wasusedtoD)useto
53)“Wedidntseehimattheexhibitionyesterday.”“He___it.”
A)mustntvisitB)canthavevisited
C)shouldhavegonetoseeD)maysee
54)Mary____myletter,otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.
A)shouldhavereceivedB)hasreceived
C)CouldnthavereceivedD)oughttohavereceived
55)I____youavaluablepresentforyourbirthday,butIwasshortofmoney.
A)wouldhavelikedtogiveB)likedtogive
C)havelikedtogiveD)wouldliketogive
56)“Where____myumbrella?”“Somebody____itawaybymistake.”
A)is,musthavetakenB)is,musttake
C)havebeen,musttakeD)is,takes
57)What____wouldhappenifthedirectorknewyoufeltthatway?
A)willyousupposeB)yousuppose C)doyousuppose D)youwouldsuppose
58)Twoeyes____seemorethanone.
A)can B)mayC)willD)should
59)____youcontinueinyoureffortsandachievenewandgreatersuccesses.
A)WouldB)WillC)MayD)Should
60)Weoughttohelpeachotherinourwork,____?
A)oughtntweB)shouldweC)shouldntweD)oughttowe
61)Tom____betterthantoaskDickforhelp.
A)shallknowB)shouldntknowC)hasknownD)shouldhaveknown
62)You____yourtoothpulledoutbeforeitrotcompletely.
A)hadbettergotB)hadtogetbetter
C)hadbettertogetD)hadbetterget
63)Whenwegottothecinema,thefilmhasntstartedyet,sowe____.
A)neednthurryB)didntneedhurry
C)neednttohurry D)neednthavehurried
64)Itwasreallyverydangerous;you____himseriously.
A)mighthaveinjuredB)couldinjure
C)shouldhaveinjuredD)mustinjure
65)Ashehadheartattack,hewastoldthathe____continuethework.
A)needntB)maynotC)mustntD)cant
66)AnEnglishmanwho____notspeakItalianwasoncetravelinginItaly.
A)mustB)couldC)may D)might
67)I____liketomakeasuggestion.
A)couldB)wouldC)mustD)might
68)Iknowthingsarehardwithyou,butyou____trytogetoverthedifficulties.
A)canB)mayC)mustD)ought
69)Icantfindtherecorderintheroom.It____bysomebody.
A)mayhavebeentakenawayB)mayleave
C)maytakeaway D)musthavetakenaway
70)He____the9:20trainbecausehedidntleavehometill9:25.
A)canreach B)couldcatch C)maynotcatch D)couldnthavecaught
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)2
1.Ithoughtyou___likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.
A.mayB.mightC.couldD.must
2.You tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.
A.neednttocome B.dontneedcome C.dontneedcoming D.needntcome
3.He_ youmorehelp,eventhoughhewasverybusy.
A.mighthavegiven B.mightgive C.mayhavegiven D.maygive
4.─Ihelpyouwithsomeshoes,madam?
─Yes,Iwouldliketotryonthosebrownones.
A.WillB.ShouldC.MayD.Must
5.Thereasonwhythey leavewasntexplainedtous.
A.hadB.hadto C.mustD.might
6.Isearchedformywalletanditwasntthere.IthoughtI itathome.
A.leftB.haveleft C.mighthaveleftD.couldhaveleft
7.I asleepbecauseittookmealongtimetorealizethatthetelephonewasringing.
A.couldhavefallen B.shouldhavefallen
C.musthavefallen D.mustnthavefallen
8.Theonlythingthatreallymatterstothechildrenishowsoontheyreturntotheirschool.
A.canB.must C.havetoD.oughtto
9.Iwanttogotothechemists,butyougowithme.
A.neednotB.mustnotC.needD.must
10.Ithoughtitover,but cometonoconclusion.
A.canB.couldC.shouldD.would
11.Whatwe getseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.
A.canB.couldC.cantD.Couldn’t
12.─Mygoodness!Ivejustmissedthetrain.
─Thatstoobad.Iamsureyou it,ifyouhadhurried.
A.couldhavecaught B.hadcaught C.wouldcatch D.couldcatch
13.Look!Whatyouvedone!You morecareful.
A.maybe B.hadto C.shouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
14. Irepeatthequestion?
A.ShallB.Will C.DoyouwantthatD.Do
15.ProfessorLi,manystudentswanttoseeyou.theywaithereoroutside!
A.DoB.WillC.ShallD.Are
16.You readthatbookifyoudontwantto.
A.haventB.cantC.mustnt D.neednt
17.Johnny,you playwiththeknife;you hurtyourself.
A.wont;cantB.cant;shouldntC.shouldnt;mustD.mustnt;may
18.Itsnearlysevenoclock.Jack behereatanymoment.
A.mustB.needC.can D.should
19.─Therewerealready5peopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.─It acomfortablejourney.
A.cantbe B.shouldntbe C.couldnthavebeen D.mustnthavebeen
20.Tomoughtnottomeyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.
A.havetoldB.tell C.betelling D.havingtold
21.Everyoneishere.westartthemeeting?
A.Can B.MustC.ShouldD.Shall
22.Iparkedmycarrightherebutnowitsgone.It.
A.mustbestolenB.maybestolen
C.musthavestolen D.musthavebeenstolen
23.Hetheworkyesterday,buthedidnt.
A.musthavefinished B.needhavefinished
C.finishedD.shouldhavefinished
24.Hedidnotpasstheexamination.Asagoodstudent,he .
A.mustnthavefailed B.maynothavefailed
C.neednthavefailed D.shouldnthavefailed
25.itbetruethatAlbertpassedthetestingeography?
A.MayB.shouldC.CouldD.would
26.Youleadahorsetothewaterbutyounotmakeitdrink.
A.will;can B.may;can C.may;dareD.dare;can
27.─Mustwefinishthecompositioninclass?
─No,you .
A.neednt B.mustnt C.wontD.shouldnt
28.Hereyeswerered.She.
A.mustcry B.mustbecried C.musthavebeencrying D.maycry
29.Maryhisletter,otherwiseshewouldhaverepliedbeforenow.
A.hasreceived B.mustreceive
C.couldnthavereceived D.shouldnthavereceived
30.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI forher.
A.hadtowriteitout B.musthavewrittenitout
C.shouldhavewrittenitout D.oughttowriteitout
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)題答案
1)A2)C3)A4)C5)B6)C7)D8)D9)D10)D11)D12)C13)D14)B15)B16)B17)B18)C19)C20)A21)A22)C23)A24)C25)A26)D27)D28)D29)A30)C31)B32)B33)C34)A35)D1)A2)C3)A4)C5)B6)C7)D8)D9)D10)D11)D12)C13)D14)B15)B16)B17)B18)C19)C20)A21)A22)C23)A24)C25)A26)D27)D28)D29)A30)C
31)B32)B33)C34)A35)D
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)2
1.B2.D3.A4.C5.B6.C7.C8.A9.A10.B
11.C12.A13.C14.A15.C16.D17.D18.D19.C20.A
21.D22.D23.D24.D25.C26.B27.A28.C29.C30.C
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)
一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)方面無(wú)論做什么事都有計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備,作為高中教師準(zhǔn)備好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好的消化課堂內(nèi)容,幫助高中教師掌握上課時(shí)的教學(xué)節(jié)奏。您知道高中教案應(yīng)該要怎么下筆嗎?小編收集并整理了“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)”,僅供參考,希望能為您提供參考!
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)
1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法特征
1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,只表示期待或估計(jì)某事的發(fā)生。
2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞除ought和have外,后面只能接不帶to的不定式。
3)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱,數(shù)的變化,即情態(tài)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s。
4)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有非謂語(yǔ)形式,即沒(méi)有不定式,分詞,等形式。
2比較can和beableto
1)can could表示能力;可能(過(guò)去時(shí)用could),
只用于現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式(could)。beableto可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。
Theywillbeabletotellyouthenewssoon.他很快就能告訴你消息了。
2)只用beableto
a.位于助動(dòng)詞后。
b.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后。
c.表示過(guò)去某時(shí)刻動(dòng)作時(shí)。
d.用于句首表示條件。
e.表示成功地做了某事時(shí),只能用was/wereableto,不能用could。
HewasabletofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.
=HemanagedtofleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.
注意:could不表示時(shí)態(tài)
1)提出委婉的請(qǐng)求,(注意在回答中不可用could)。
---CouldIhavethetelevisionon?
---Yes,youcan./No,youcant.
2)在否定,疑問(wèn)句中表示推測(cè)或懷疑。
Hecouldntbeabadman.
他不大可能是壞人。
3比較may和might
1)表示允許或請(qǐng)求;表示沒(méi)有把握的推測(cè);may放在句首,表示祝愿。
MayGodblessyou!
Hemightbeathome.
注意:might表示推測(cè)時(shí),不表示時(shí)態(tài)。只是可能性比may小。
2)成語(yǔ):may/mightaswell,后面接不帶to的不定式,意為"不妨"。
Ifthatisthecase,wemayaswelltry.
典型例題
Peter___comewithustonight,butheisntverysureyet.
A.mustB.may C.can D.will
答案B.表可能性只能用may. 此句意可從后半句推出。
4比較haveto和must
1) 兩詞都是必須的意思,haveto表示客觀的需要,must表示說(shuō)話人主觀上的看法,既主觀上的必要。
Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight. 我弟弟病得很厲害,我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。(客觀上需要做這件事)
Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。(主觀上要做這件事)
2) haveto有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化,而must只有一種形式。但must可用于間接引語(yǔ)中表示過(guò)去的必要或義務(wù)。
Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.
3)在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中:donthaveto 表示"不必"
mustnt表示"禁止",
Youdonthavetotellhimaboutit. 你不一定要把此事告訴他。
Youmustnttellhimaboutit.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。
5must表示推測(cè)
1)must用在肯定句中表示較有把握的推測(cè),意為"一定"。
2)must表對(duì)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或現(xiàn)在正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí),must后面通常接系動(dòng)詞be的原形或行為動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行式。
Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired. 你辛苦干一整天,一定累了。(對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)判斷)
Hemustbeworkinginhisoffice.他一定在辦公室工作呢。
比較:
Hemustbestayingthere.
他現(xiàn)在肯定呆在那里。
Hemuststaythere.
他必須呆在那。
3)must表示對(duì)已發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)時(shí),must要接完成式。
Ididnthearthephone.Imusthavebeenasleep. 我剛才沒(méi)有聽到電話,我想必是睡著了。
4)must表示對(duì)過(guò)去某時(shí)正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè),must后面要接不定式的完成進(jìn)行式。
---Whydidntyouanswermyphonecall?
---Well,Imusthavebeensleeping,soIdidnthearit.
5)否定推測(cè)用cant。
IfTomdidntleavehereuntilfiveoclock,hecantbehomeyet. 如果湯姆五點(diǎn)才離開這兒,他此時(shí)一定還未到家。
6表示推測(cè)的用法
can,could,may,might,must皆可表示推測(cè),其用法如下:
1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形。
表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況的推測(cè),此時(shí)動(dòng)詞通常為系動(dòng)詞。
Idontknowwheresheis,shemaybeinWuhan.
2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。
表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)正在進(jìn)行的情況進(jìn)行推測(cè)。
Atthismoment,ourteachermustbecorrectingourexampapers.
這時(shí),我們老師想必在批改試卷。
3)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞完成時(shí)。
表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)。
WewouldhavefinishedthisworkbytheendofnextDecember.
明年十二月底前我們很可能已完成這項(xiàng)工作了。
Theroadiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.
地是濕的,昨天晚上一定下雨了。
4)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。
表示對(duì)過(guò)去正在發(fā)生事情的推測(cè)。
Yourmothermusthavebeenlookingforyou.
你媽媽一定一直在找你。
5)推測(cè)的否定形式,疑問(wèn)形式用cant,couldnt表示。
Mikecanthavefoundhiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.
邁克一定還沒(méi)有找回他的車,因?yàn)樵缟纤亲财噥?lái)上班的。
注意:could,might表示推測(cè)時(shí)不表示時(shí)態(tài),其推測(cè)的程度不如can,may。
7情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+過(guò)去分詞
1)may(might)have+donesth,can(could)have+donesth 表示過(guò)去,推測(cè)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情。
Philipmay(might)havebeenhurtseriouslyinthecaraccident.
Philipcan(could)havebeenhurtseriouslyinthecaraccident.
2) musthave+donesth,對(duì)過(guò)去時(shí)間里可能發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè),語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng),具有"肯定","諒必"的意思。
---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.
---Shemusthavegonebybus.
3)oughttohavedonesth,shouldhavedonesth
本應(yīng)該做某事,而事實(shí)上并沒(méi)有做。否定句表示"不該做某事而做了"。
Yououghtto(should)havebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment.
Heoughtnottohavethrowntheoldclothesaway.(事實(shí)上已扔了。)
oughtto在語(yǔ)氣上比should要強(qiáng)。
4)neednthavedonesth 本沒(méi)必要做某事
Idressedverywarmlyforthetrip,butI neednthavedoneso.Theweatherwashot.
5)wouldliketohavedonesth 本打算做某事
Iwouldliketohavereadthearticle,butIwasverybusythen.
8should和oughtto
should和oughtto都為"應(yīng)該"的意思,可用于各種人稱。
---Oughthetogo?
---Yes.Ithinkheoughtto.
表示要求,命令時(shí),語(yǔ)氣由should(應(yīng)該)、hadbetter最好)、must(必須)漸強(qiáng)。
9hadbetter表示"最好"
hadbetter相當(dāng)于一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞,它只有一種形式,它后面要跟動(dòng)詞原形。
hadbetterdosth
hadbetternotdosth
Itisprettycold.Youdbetterputonmycoat.
Shedbetternotplaywiththedog.
hadbetterhavedonesth表示與事實(shí)相反的結(jié)果,意為"本來(lái)最好"。
Youhadbetterhavecomeearlier.
10wouldrather表示"寧愿"
wouldratherdo
wouldrathernotdo
wouldrather…than… 寧愿……而不愿。
還有wouldsooner,hadrather,hadsooner都表示"寧愿"、"寧可"的意思。
IfIhaveachoice,Ihadsoonernotcontinuemystudiesatthisschool.
Iwouldratherstayherethangohome.=Iwouldstayhereratherthangohome.
典型例題
----Shallwegoskatingorstayathome?
----Which___do?
A.doyouratherB.wouldyourather C.willyourather D.shouldyourather
答案B。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞rather的用法,wouldrather+dosth意為"寧愿",本題為疑問(wèn)句,would提前,所以選B。
11will和would
注意:
1)wouldlike;Wouldliketodo=wantto想要,為固定搭配。
Wouldyouliketogowithme?
2)Willyou…? Wouldyoulike…?表示肯定含義的請(qǐng)求勸說(shuō)時(shí),疑問(wèn)句中一般用some,而不是any。
Wouldyoulikesomecake?
3)否定結(jié)構(gòu)中用will,一般不用would,wontyou是一種委婉語(yǔ)氣。
Wontyousitdown?
12情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的回答方式
問(wèn)句 肯定回答否定回答
Needyou…?Yes,Imust. No,Ineednt
Mustyou…? /donthaveto.
典型例題
1)---CouldIborrowyourdictionary?
---Yes,ofcourse,you____.
A.might B.will C.can D.should
答案C.could表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣,并不為時(shí)態(tài)。答語(yǔ)中ofcourse,表示肯定的語(yǔ)氣,允許某人做某事時(shí),用can和may來(lái)表達(dá),不能用could或might。復(fù)習(xí):will與you連用,用來(lái)提出要求或下命令。should與you連用,用來(lái)提出勸告。
2)---ShallItellJohnaboutit?
---No,you___.Ivetoldhimalready.
A.needntB.wouldntC.mustntD.shouldnt
答案A。neednt不必,不用。wouldnt將不,不會(huì)的。mustnt禁止、不能。shouldnt 不應(yīng)該。本題為不需要,不必的意思,應(yīng)用neednt。
3)---Dontforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.
---______.
A.Idont B. Iwont C.Icant D.Ihavent
答案B. will既可當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表請(qǐng)求、建議、也可作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞表"意愿、意志、決心",本題表示決心,選B。
13帶to的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
帶to的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有四個(gè):oughtto,haveto,usedto,beto,如加上havegotto,(=must),beableto,為六個(gè)。它們的疑問(wèn),否定形式應(yīng)予以注意:
Dotheyhavetopaytheirbillbeforetheendofthemonth?
Shedidntusetoplaytennisbeforeshewasfourteen.
Yououghtnottohavetoldherallaboutit.
Oughthetoseeaheartspecialistatonce.?
oughtto本身作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用。其他的詞作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞使用,變疑問(wèn),否定時(shí),須有do
等助動(dòng)詞協(xié)助。
典型例題
Tomoughtnotto___meyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.
A.havetold B.tell C.betelling D.havingtold
答案A。由于后句為過(guò)去時(shí),告訴秘密的動(dòng)作又發(fā)生在其前因,此地應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí),但它在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞oughtto后,所以用have。
14比較need和dare
這兩詞既可做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用,又可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用。作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,兩者都只能用于疑問(wèn)句,否定句和條件句。need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)后面的不定式必須帶to,而dare作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用時(shí),后面的to時(shí)??梢员皇÷?。
1)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞:need?。ㄐ枰?要求)
need+n./todosth
2)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:need,只用原形need后加do,否定形式為neednot。
Needyougoyet?
Yes,Imust./No,Ineednt.
3)need的被動(dòng)含義:need,want,require,worth(形容詞)后面接doing也可以表示被動(dòng):
needdoing=needtobedone
高考英語(yǔ)備考情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
2011高考英語(yǔ)備考(考點(diǎn)聚焦+名題導(dǎo)解)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一、考點(diǎn)聚焦1、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法(1)can、beableto和could①can和beableto都表示能力,意思上沒(méi)多大區(qū)別。但can只有現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去時(shí),而beableto則有更多的形式。但當(dāng)成功地完成某一具體動(dòng)作時(shí),通常不用could而用was/wereableto來(lái)表示。這時(shí)was/wereableto相當(dāng)于managedto,表示經(jīng)過(guò)一番努力,終于能夠完成某事。如:Canyouusechopsticks?Thewoundedmanstillwasabletogettothevillageandwassavedintheend.②can和couldcan和could都可以表示能力、技能、許可、建議或請(qǐng)求和可能性。但比較委婉客氣地提出問(wèn)題或陳述看法,一般用could,回答時(shí)則用can。如:Couldyouhelpmecarrythebag?CanIhelpyou?(2)may/might①may/might表示可能,但may比might可能性大。如:-Whyisn’theinclass?
Hemaybesick.(生病的可能性較大)
—
Hemightbesick.(生病的可能性較小)
②may/might表示“允許”,may用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí),might常用在間接引語(yǔ)中表過(guò)去時(shí),但m Hesayswemayleave.Hesaidwemightleave.③may/might表示建議或請(qǐng)求,但might比may更客氣,意思更肯定而無(wú)過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的含義。Yes,youcan/may.—May/MightIuseyourbike?—No,youmustn’t(3)must①must表示必須,應(yīng)該,沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)變化。如: YoumustdoeverythingasIdo. ②must表示肯定的推測(cè)。如: Thelightisstillon,sohemustbeathome. ③mustn’t表示禁止做某事。如: Youmustn’tsmokeintheoffice. (4)haveto haveto表示“必須、不得不”,是由于某種外界(客觀)原因而“必須”,“不得不”做某事,也可表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的事“必須”做。haveto的否定形式表示不必。haveto可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)中。如: Youwillhavetocleanyourownbootswhenyoujointhearmy. Ihavetobeatmyofficeeveryevening. (5)should/oughtto ①should和oughtto表示應(yīng)當(dāng)、應(yīng)該,前者比后者語(yǔ)氣輕。如: Youshould/oughttoworkhard. ②should/oughttoworkhard. Sincesheisnothere,wheshould/oughttobeintheclassroom. ③should/oughtto的否定形式表示禁止之意。如: Childrenshouldn’tsmoke. ④should可表示陳述意見,推出建議或請(qǐng)求;而oughtto可以表示勸告之意。如: Yououghttorespectyourparents. Hesuggestedthattheyshouldleaveatonce. (6)will/would ①will用于各種人稱表示“意志”、“意愿”或“決心”等,否定式won’t+動(dòng)詞。如: Iwilltellyouallaboutit. Tomwon’tdosuchathing. ②will用于疑問(wèn)句中,常用在第二稱時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人向?qū)Ψ教岢觥罢?qǐng)求”或“詢問(wèn)”如: Willyoupleasetellherthenewswhenyouseeher? ③will表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,有“總是”、“慣于”的含義。如: Fishwilldieoutofwater. ④would表示客氣的請(qǐng)求、建議或意愿。如: Wouldyoupleasebequiet? Wouldyoulikecoffee? ⑤would表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如: WhenIpassedmyschoolIwouldseemyteacherswhotaughtme5yearsago. (7)need need作“必要”講,既可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)后面的動(dòng)詞不定式要帶to,其變化與一般動(dòng)詞相同。如: Ineedtothinkitover. —Needyougonow?—Yes,Imust./No,Ineedn’t (8)dare dare表示“敢”的意思。作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),主要用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。dare若作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,后面可帶to的不定式,此時(shí)to也可以省略。dare與need的用法相似。如: Howdareyousaythat? Shedoesn’tdate(to)askherfather. (9)usedto usedto表示過(guò)去常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的習(xí)慣,但現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)存在了。如: Heusedtosmoke. (10)shall ①shall作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于第二、三人稱,表示說(shuō)話人的意愿,有“命令”、“警告、威脅、強(qiáng)制”和“允許”等意思。如: Weshalldoasourteachersays. YoushallhavethebookassoonasIfinishit. ②在疑問(wèn)句中,shall用于征求對(duì)方的意見或請(qǐng)求指示,常用于第一、第三人稱。如: Whereshallhewaitforus? Shallwegooutforawalk? 2、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)或判斷的用法 下表即是表示推測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用的場(chǎng)合: 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 對(duì)現(xiàn)在和未來(lái)的推測(cè) 對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè) 使用場(chǎng)合 must must+動(dòng)詞原形 musthavedone 肯定句 may/might may/might+動(dòng)詞原形 May/mighthavedone 肯定句、否定句 can/could can/coulddo Can/couldhavedone 否定句、疑問(wèn)名(could可用于肯定句) should 用來(lái)表示一種估計(jì)的情況“按理會(huì)/估計(jì)會(huì)”shoulddo/be shouldhavedone 肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句 例如: Itmusthaverainedlastnight. Shemaynotbeathome.=Itispossiblethatsheisnotathome. Shecan’tbeathome.=Itisimpossiblethatsheisathome. Theyshouldbethererightnow. 3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的用法 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中表示責(zé)備的感情色彩,用法如下: (1)shouldhavedone表示“本來(lái)應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上未做”,而shouldn’thavedone則表示“本不應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上做了”。如:Youshouldhavetoldmeaboutitearlier.Youshouldn’thavesaidsuchwordstoyourparents.(2)oughttohavedone也表示“本應(yīng)該……”而oughtnottohavedone則意為“本不應(yīng)該……”。如:Yououghttohavetoldmeaboutitearlier.Yououghtnottohavesaidsuchwordstoyourparents.(3)needn’thavedone表示“本無(wú)必要做某事而實(shí)際上做了”。如:Youneedn’thavewalkedsoquicklysincetimewasenough.(4)couldhavedone表示“本來(lái)有可能……而事實(shí)上未做到”。如:Icouldhavecomeontime,butmycarbrokeontheway.ù二、精典名題導(dǎo)解選擇填空1.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You________homewithoutaword.A.mustn’thaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’thave解析:答案為B。本題考查的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的用法。題目給出的條件是“我確實(shí)非常擔(dān)心你”,因此后面可知應(yīng)是責(zé)備you不應(yīng)該沒(méi)說(shuō)一句話就離開了。2.—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?—I’mnotsure.I__________gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might解析:答案為D。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法。由題目中“I’mnotsure”,表明我可能去Jeff’sparty,也可能去音樂(lè)會(huì),故用might。3.—Willyoustayforlunch?—Sorry,____________.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t解析:答案為B。本題考查表示請(qǐng)求的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ),用will來(lái)向第二人稱提問(wèn)的疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu),是表示一種請(qǐng)求和意愿,是用疑問(wèn)的形式來(lái)表達(dá)較為婉轉(zhuǎn)的祈使語(yǔ)氣,意思是“請(qǐng)你……,好嗎”,對(duì)于這種問(wèn)句的肯定回答是:Suree!Gertainly!Yes,ofcourse.I’dbegladto等;否定回答通常是:I’msorry,Ican’t.No,I’mafraidIcan’t.I’msorry,but…I’dliketo,but…等。注意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表客氣的用法及其在一般疑問(wèn)句中的問(wèn)與答。4.—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?—No,itbehimI’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot解析:答案為A。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)。問(wèn):那邊的難道不是Ann的丈夫嗎?答:不是。不可能是他,我確信他不戴眼鏡。5.Youbetired-you’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.A.mustnotB.won’tC.can’tD.maynot解析:答案為C。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句中破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容對(duì)前一句進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明:你只工作了一個(gè)小時(shí),所以你不可能累的。表否定推測(cè)時(shí)用can’t。A項(xiàng)表禁止(不許),B項(xiàng)表未來(lái),D項(xiàng)表不允許。均不可用,故選C。6.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkIreportittothepolice?A.shouldB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever解析:答案為A。本題考情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。在空房子里看到燈光,是一件奇怪而令人生疑的事,故問(wèn):你是否認(rèn)為我應(yīng)當(dāng)把這事兒報(bào)告給警察?應(yīng)用A。 1.SorryI’mlate.I____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain. A.mightB.shouldC.canD.will 2.----Writetomewhenyougethome. ----________. A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican 3.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You______homewithoutaword. A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleft C.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave 4.--------Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluablecoins.______Ihavealook? --------Yes,certainly. A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should 5.Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I_____somuchfriedchickenjustnow. A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeaten C.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat 6.-------Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter. -----It_______truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere. A.maynotbeB.won’tbeC.couldn’tbeD.mustn’tbe 7.-------Theroomissodirty._____wecleanit? -------Ofcourse. A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do 8.Mydictionaryhasdisappeared.Who_____havetakenit? A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would 9.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI____reportittothepolice? A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can 10.Mr.White______at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup. A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarrive C.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving 11.----Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere? -----No,it_____behim.I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses. A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot 12.------Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage. -----oh,he_____havebeenaverysmartboythen. A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.must 13.-------Idon’tmindtellingyouwhatIknow. --------You_____.I’mnotaskingyouforit. A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t 14.-----Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere? -------Well,ifyou_____know,hernameisMabel. A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall 15.----I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow. -----You_____herlastweek. A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetold C.musttellD.shouldhavetold 16.(2008福建卷)ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_____berathercoldsometime。 A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would 17.(2008湖南卷)Youdonthavetoknowthenameoftheauthortofindabook.You_____findthebookbythetitle。 A.mustB.needC.canD.would 18.(2008江蘇卷) —Imsorry.I______atyoutheotherday。 —Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself。 A.shouldntshoutB.shouldnthaveshouted C.mustntshoutC.mustnthaveshouted 19(2008山東卷)Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idontthinkwe______itwithoutyou。 A.canmanageB.couldhavemanaged C.couldmanageD.canhavemanaged 20(2008江西卷)Whatapity.Consideringhisabilityandexperience,he____better。 A.needhavedoneB.musthavedone C.canhavedoneD.mighthavedone 21(2008遼寧卷)Peter______bereallydifficultattimeseventhoughhesanicepersoningeneral。 A.shallB.should C.canD.must 22(2008全國(guó)II)Liza___wellnotwanttogoonthetrip---shehatestraveling。 A.willB.canC.mustD.may 23(2008陜西卷) —Whatsortofhousedoyouwanttohave?Somethingbig? —Well,it_________bebig--thatsnotimportant。 A.mustntB.needntC.cantD.wont 24(2008四川卷)Althoughthis____soundlikeasimpletask,greatcareisneeded。 A.mustB.mayC.shallD.should 25(2008浙江卷)You______behungryalready—youhadlunchonlytwohoursago! A.wouldntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt 26(09安徽)Somepeoplewhodon’tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy;theyjustbequietpeople. A.mustB.mayC.shouldD.would 27(09北京)Oneofthefewthingsyou____sayaboutEnglishpeoplewithcertaintyisthattheytalkalotabouttheweather. A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can 28(09福建).ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,IthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition. A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewon C.wouldwinD.wouldhavewon 29(09湖南) —It’stheoffice!Soyouknoweatingisnotallowedhere. —Oh,sorry. A.mustB.willC.mayD.need 30(09海南)Whatdoyoumean,thereareonlytentickets?Therebetwelve A.shouldB.wouldC.willD.shall 31(09上海)It_____havebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar. A.mayB.canC.mustD.should 32(09四川)—Idon’tcarewhatpeoplethink. —Well,you_______ A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.might 33(09天津)Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense. A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might 34(09重慶)—Hi,Tom.AnyideawhereJaneis? —She_____intheclassroom.Isawhertherejustnow. A.shallbeB.shouldhavebeen C.mustbeD.mighthavebeen 35(09全國(guó)2)10.Ican’tleave.ShetoldmethatIstayhereuntilshecomesback. A.canB.mustC.willD.may keys:1-5:ACBBC6-10:CBCAA11-15:ADDCD 16-20BCBBD21-25CDCBB31-35CCCBCB情態(tài)動(dòng)詞高考題匯編