小學(xué)教學(xué)教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2020-10-22Unit12Artandliterature教學(xué)案。
一名優(yōu)秀的教師在每次教學(xué)前有自己的事先計(jì)劃,高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案,這是老師職責(zé)的一部分。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好的吸收課堂上所講的知識(shí)點(diǎn),使高中教師有一個(gè)簡單易懂的教學(xué)思路。您知道高中教案應(yīng)該要怎么下筆嗎?以下是小編為大家收集的“Unit12Artandliterature教學(xué)案”歡迎閱讀,希望您能夠喜歡并分享!
Unit12Artandliterature教學(xué)案
一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)和要求
1.學(xué)習(xí)和掌握以下單詞和習(xí)慣用語
1)單詞
literature;LeonardodaVinci;PabloPicasso;romantic;comedy;exhibition;local;magic;power;trick;wonder;series;scar;forehead;Hogwarts;witchcraft;wizard;wizardry;miserable;treat;unhappy;goodness;habit;villager;shoulder;whisper;chamber;charm;stupid;password;sesame;compare;announcement;checklist
2)習(xí)慣用語
aseriesof;introuble;comeacross;believein;turnabound
2.功能意念項(xiàng)目
學(xué)會(huì)用英語談?wù)撐膶W(xué)藝術(shù)。
3.語法
1)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過的定語從句的用法;
2)復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。
4.語言運(yùn)用
運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言,圍繞文學(xué)藝術(shù)這一題材,完成教科書和練習(xí)冊(cè)中規(guī)定的聽、說、寫的任務(wù);閱讀課文“Artandliterature”,確切理解并完成有關(guān)課文內(nèi)容和練習(xí);練習(xí)設(shè)計(jì)一張海報(bào)。
二、學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)
1.單詞和習(xí)慣用語的用法
1)powern.能力;力量;權(quán)力
例:Carryingthisbaggagerequiresalotofpower.搬運(yùn)這個(gè)行李要很大的力氣。
Thisparrothasthepowertoimitatehumanwords.這只鸚鵡有模仿人類語言的能力。
Thedictatorheldabsolutepoweroverhispeople.那獨(dú)裁者握有對(duì)人民的絕對(duì)權(quán)力。
cometo/intopower掌握政權(quán);得勢
Hecametopowerin1987.他1987年掌權(quán)。
2)trickn.詭計(jì);竅門;惡作劇
例:Hertearswerejustatricktodeceiveothers.她的眼淚只是欺騙別人的詭計(jì)。
Ihaven’tgotthetrickofdrivingthiscaryet.我還不曉得開這部車的訣竅。
Ourchildrenusedtoplaytricksonus.我們的小孩以前常常捉弄我們。
playatrickonsb.捉弄某人
Trickortreat!不請(qǐng)吃糖,就惡作劇?。ㄈf圣節(jié)孩子用語)
3)treatvt.對(duì)待;視為;治療;款待
例:Theytreateduswithallrespect.他們鄭重其事地接待我們。
Youshouldtreatyourtextbookswithmorecare.你使用教科書要更加細(xì)心。
Theytreatedhimwithanewdrug.他們用新藥醫(yī)治他的病。
Hetreatedherforabrokenarm.他為她醫(yī)治那條骨折的手臂。
It’smyturntotreatyoutonight.今晚輪到我請(qǐng)客。
Shetreatedmetolunch.她請(qǐng)我吃午飯。
treat…as…把……當(dāng)作……看待
Mymothertreatedmyproposalasajoke.母親把我的提議當(dāng)玩笑看待。
Wetreatedthismatterasoneofimportance.我們把此事視為重要問題。
類似的短語還有:lookupon…as…;regard…as…;consider…as…;thinkof…as…等等。
4)introuble處于困境中;在監(jiān)禁中
例:Sheisingreattrouble,sosheneedsyouradvice.她遇到了很大的困難,所以需要你的忠告。
HewasintroublewiththeCustoms.他在海關(guān)那里有了麻煩。
ask/lookfortrouble自討苦吃;自找麻煩
getsb.intotrouble使某人陷入困境
putsb.totrouble給某人增添麻煩
takethetroubletodo費(fèi)神做;不辭勞苦地做
5)comeacross/upon偶然遇到;碰上
例:Wevejustcomeacrossanoldfriendwehaventseenforages.
我們剛碰到了一位多年不見的老朋友。
含義基本相同的短語還有:raninto/across;meet(up)with
例:Iranacrossanoldfriendinthestreet.我在街上碰到一位老朋友。
Hiscarranintothepost.他的車撞到柱子上。
Imetwithantrafficaccident.我遭遇到車禍。
Imetupwithanoldclassmateinthecrowd.我在人群中偶然遇到了一個(gè)老同學(xué)。
ThePresidentistomeetwiththepressthisafternoon.總統(tǒng)預(yù)定今天下午會(huì)見記者。
6)believein和believe
believein表示因可靠、有能力、品德好等原因而“信任”某人,屬總的評(píng)價(jià),常跟簡單賓語,偶爾跟含動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合賓語;而believe表示相信某人某時(shí)某地所說的話,并不涉及對(duì)其總的評(píng)價(jià),含有信以為真的意味。
例:Ibelievehim.我相信(他說的話)。
Theybelievehimtohavedoneit.他們相信他做了這件事。
Ibelievehimanhoneststudent.我相信他是個(gè)誠實(shí)的學(xué)生。
Ibelieveinhim.我信任他。
Idon’tbelieveinthetheory.我不相信這套理論。
7)habitn.習(xí)慣;習(xí)性
例:Itishishabittojogbeforebreakfast.他習(xí)慣在早餐前慢跑。
Shehasahabitofplayingwithherhairwhilereading.她在閱讀時(shí)有玩弄頭發(fā)的癖好。
beinthehabitofdoingsth.=havea/thehabitofdoingsth.
Sheisinthehabitoflisteningtomusicwhilestudying.她有邊讀書邊聽音樂的習(xí)慣。
fall/getintothehabitofdoingsth.=formthehabitofdoingsth.養(yǎng)成做……的習(xí)慣
getoutofthehabitofdoingsth.改掉做……的習(xí)慣
Hegotoutofthehabitofsmoking.他改掉了吸煙的習(xí)慣。
8)comparev.比較;相比;比喻
compare…with…把……和……相比較;compare…to…把……比喻成……;
例:compareonethingwithanother將一物與另一物比較
Walkingcantcomparewithflying.走路比不上飛行。
Livinginatowncantcomparewithlivinginthecountryinmanyrespects.
在許多方面城市生活比不上在鄉(xiāng)村生活。
Manslifeisoftencomparedtoacandle.人生常被喻為蠟燭。
Thepoetcompareshislovertoaroseinhispoems.
詩人在他詩歌中把他的情人比作玫瑰花。
compare常指為了找出兩種事物或現(xiàn)象的異同點(diǎn)而進(jìn)行比較,如:IfyoucompareMarxsworkswithHegels,youllfindmanydifferences.如果你把馬克思的著作同黑格爾的著作相比較,就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)許多不同之處。
contrast指兩者之間的“對(duì)照”、“對(duì)比”,著重指“通過兩種事物或現(xiàn)象的對(duì)比,突出地指出它們的不同”,如:contrastfarmlifewithcitylife對(duì)照一下城鄉(xiāng)生活。
2.語言要點(diǎn)
1)Itisaworldofmagicandwonders,aworldwhereanythingcanhappen.這是一個(gè)存在著魔法和奇跡的世界,是一個(gè)任何事情都可能發(fā)生的世界。
本句中“aworldwhereanythingcanhappen”做同位語,而本身又包含一個(gè)where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。下文中的“aboywithascaronhisforeheadandasecretpast”也是同位語。
2)…,buttheycanstillbefriendsiftheysharethesamegoals,hopesanddreams.但是如果他們有著同樣的目標(biāo)、愿望和同樣的夢想他們?nèi)匀豢梢猿蔀榕笥选?br>
share(in)sth.分享
sharesth.with/between/amongsb.(和某人)共同分享
Wesharedthesweets.我們分吃了糖果。
Theysharetheirjoysandsorrows.他們同甘共苦。
BillandBobsharedtheworkequallybetweenthem.比爾和鮑勃兩人把工作平分了。
3)Theladyinthepicturehadsuchstrangeeyesthatitwasalmostasifthewomaninthepicturewaswatchingthem.畫中女人的眼睛非常奇怪,就好像在窺視他們一樣。
asif=asthough似乎是,好像是
例:Shealwaystalkedtomeasif/thoughshewasmysister.她總是以我妹妹的口氣和我說話。
Hewalkedslowlyasifhehadhurthisleg.他慢慢地走,好像腿受傷的樣子。
Shelooksasifsheisgoingtocry.她看起來似乎要哭了。
Itlooksasifwewillbelate.看起來我們似乎會(huì)遲到。
4)…,andthatnotallofthemweresafe.他們不是所有的人都安全。
這是一個(gè)部分否定句。這里我們也可以說“allofthemwerenotsafe”。
再如:Notallofusarestudents.我們不都是學(xué)生。
=Allofusarenotstudents.
完全否定應(yīng)該是noneof。
Noneofthemweresafe.他們都不安全。
Noneofusarestudents.我們都不是學(xué)生。
5)HewasabouttosaysomethingwhenHelenturnedaround.他正要說話的時(shí)候,海倫轉(zhuǎn)過身來。
beabouttodosth.when…正要做……,(突然)……
例:Iwasabouttojumpintotheriverforaswimwhentheguideshoutedatme.我正要跳下河游泳的時(shí)候向?qū)蛭掖蠛捌饋怼?br>
6)Weneedapasswordtogetthroughthewall.我們需要咒語穿過這堵墻。
getthrough到達(dá);做完;通過;度過;打通
例:Theroadaheadisnarrow,soatruckcan’tgetthrough(it).前面的路很窄,所以卡車沒有辦法通過。
Howlongdoesittakeyoutogetthroughaletter?你寫一封信要花多長時(shí)間?
Icalledalldayyesterday,butIcouldn’tgetthroughtoyou.昨天我打了一天電話,但是沒有辦法聯(lián)絡(luò)到你。
7)Shedidnothavetimetofinishbeforethewallstartedmovingandaholeopenupbelowthepicture.還沒等她說完,墻開始移動(dòng),在畫的下面露出一個(gè)洞口。
openup展開,打開;開發(fā);揭露;開始
例:Coughinglikethatmightopenupyourwound.你那樣咳嗽會(huì)把傷口震開。
Newminesareopeningup.新礦正在開發(fā)。
HeneveropensuphisshoponaSunday.星期天他的商店從不營業(yè)。
Openupthepackage.打開這個(gè)包裹。
3.語法說明:
1)定語從句
(1)定語從句是中學(xué)階段英語語法中十分重要的一個(gè)語法項(xiàng)目。它在句子中出現(xiàn)的頻率很高。對(duì)正確理解句子的意義起著舉足輕重的作用。
定語從句一般都緊跟在它所修飾名詞后面,所以如果在名詞或代詞后面出現(xiàn)一個(gè)從句,就要根據(jù)它與前面名詞或代詞的邏輯關(guān)系來判斷是否是定語從句。
被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做“先行詞”。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫“關(guān)系詞”。關(guān)系詞有兩個(gè)作用:
①引導(dǎo)定語從句。
②代替先行詞在其引導(dǎo)的定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分。
理解和牢記這兩條概念,弄清楚關(guān)系詞在定語從句充當(dāng)什么成分,是掌握定語從句的關(guān)鍵。
正確選擇關(guān)系詞是掌握定語從句的關(guān)鍵。關(guān)系詞的選擇完全取決于先行詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)氖裁闯煞?。關(guān)系詞一共有九個(gè),它們?cè)趶木渲兴洚?dāng)?shù)木渥映煞忠娤卤怼?br>
關(guān)系詞主語賓語表語定語狀語
That人/物/物√×√
Which物物××√
Who人××××
Whom×人×××
Whose×××人/物×
When××××√
Where××××√
Why××××√
在限定性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略。
例:Thereisstillonethingwhich/thatisnotexplained.(主語)
Thisistheboywhocameyesterday.(主語)
Thisisthepicture(which/that)hegaveme.(賓語)
Thecarwhichwasfollowingusseemstohavedisappeared.(主語)
ThewomanwhosedaughteryoumetisMrs.Brown.(定語)
Thisistheboy(whom)wemetlastnight.(賓語)
屋頂被毀壞的房子已經(jīng)被修好。
┏whoseroof
Thehouse┣theroofofwhichwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.
┗ofwhichtheroof
那就是他工作的大學(xué)。
┏atwhichheworks.
┣whichheworksat.
Thatisthecollege┣whereheworks.
┣thatheworksat.
┗heworksat.
他出生的那一天是1952年8月20日。
┏onwhichhewasborn
┣whichhewasbornon
Theday┣whenhewasborn wasAug.20,1952.
┣thathewasbornon
┗hewasbornon
他被解雇的原因不難解釋。
┏whyhe
Thereason┣thathewasdismissedisnotdifficulttoexplain.
┗he
你提到的那個(gè)人時(shí)瓊的爸爸。
┏ofwhomyouspoke
Theman┣whomyouspokeofisJoan’sfather.
┣thatyouspokeof
┗youspokeof
(2)只用關(guān)系代詞that的情況:
①先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),通常用關(guān)系代詞that;
ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.
②先行詞前有thefirst,thelast,theonly,thesame,thevery以及any,few,much,some,no等修飾時(shí),通常用關(guān)系代詞that;
Youaretheveryboy(that)Iwant.
Thisisthelastchance(that)youhave.這是你最后一次機(jī)會(huì)。
Heisthelastperson(that)Iwanttosee.他是我最不想見的人。
Pleasesendusanyinformation(that)youhaveaboutthesubject.
③先行詞是much,little,none,all,any,no,everything,anything,nothing,等不定代詞,通常用關(guān)系代詞that;
Thisisall(that)Iknow.
Thereisnothingintheworldthatcanfrightenhim.
④先行詞由“人+物”構(gòu)成時(shí),通常用關(guān)系代詞that;
Lookattheboyandhissheepthatarecomingdownthehill.
Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.
⑤當(dāng)主句中有who,which時(shí),而定語從句中也要用到who或which時(shí),為了避免who…who,which…which等重疊,定語從句用that引導(dǎo)。
Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythedoor?
Whichofthetwocowsthatyoukeepproducesmoremilk?
(3)限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句
限定性定語從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分,主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)分開。而非限定性定語從句是對(duì)主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明,沒有從句不影響主句的意思完整。一般用逗號(hào)把主句和從句分開。不用關(guān)系代詞that。非限定性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有時(shí)可以代表整個(gè)主句的含義,在非限定性定語從句中,作賓語的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。
例:Themanwhowasdrivingthecarwasdrunk.開車的那人喝醉了。
Thisistheplacewherethethreeroadsmeet.這是三條路交匯的地方。
ThehousewhosewindowsarebrokenisMr.Smith’s.窗戶破損的房子是史密斯先生的。
Ihavetwosisters,whoarebothstudents.我有兩個(gè)妹妹,她們都是學(xué)生。
Ihavelostthepen,whichIlikeverymuch.我弄丟了那支鋼筆,是我非常喜歡的那支。
Tombrokehiseyeglasses,whichmadehismotherquiteangry.湯姆打碎了自己的眼鏡,這使他媽媽非常生氣。(關(guān)系代詞which代表湯姆打碎眼鏡這件事)
(4)as引導(dǎo)的定語從句
①as用作關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句,并在從句中作定語、表語或狀語,構(gòu)成thesame…as…,such…as…等結(jié)構(gòu)。
例:Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.(as作賓語)
Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.(as作狀語)
Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.(as作賓語)
②as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句。as在定語從句中作主語、表語或賓語,這個(gè)定語從句是說明整個(gè)句子,它可以放在主句之前。
例:Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard.(as作賓語)
Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.(作主語)
常用的這種類似插入語的句式有asissaidabove,asisknowntoall,asitis等。
注意:關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí),從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致;關(guān)系代詞which和as在定語從句中的區(qū)別是:which不能放在句首,而as則可以;在句中時(shí),as有“正如”、“就像”之意,而which沒有。
(5)其它注意事項(xiàng):
①在定語從句中做主語的who,which或that后的動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)根據(jù)先行詞的人稱和數(shù)來確定;
IwantagirlwhoknowsEnglish.
IwantthreegirlswhoknowEnglish.
Heisoneofthegreatestmenthatareknowntoeveryone.
HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasbeentoCanada.
②關(guān)系代詞做介詞的賓語時(shí),介詞可置于whom或which的前面或句末,但關(guān)系代詞that不可直接放在介詞之后做賓語;
Isthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice?
=Isthisthecarwhichyoupaidahighpricefor?
=Isthisthecarthatyoupaidahighpricefor?
=Isthisthecaryoupaidahighpricefor?
③關(guān)系副詞=介詞+which(關(guān)系代詞)
where=in/atwhichwhen=at/inwhichwhy=forwhich
Icanstillrememberthesitting-roomwhere/inwhichmymotherandIusedtositintheevening.
但為表意清楚,在關(guān)系副詞where/when前可加介詞from或to等。
Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,fromwherekiteflyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.
④that可代替關(guān)系副詞when,why等,或省略。
┏inwhichhe
Iamquitesatisfiedwiththeway┣thathehasdoneit.
┗he
2)動(dòng)詞不定式
(1)構(gòu)成與特征
動(dòng)詞不定式事動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式,由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,在句中起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用,同時(shí)也保留動(dòng)詞的一些特征,可以帶賓語或狀語。
例:Hetriedtoworkouttheprobleminfiveminutes.他試圖在五分鐘之內(nèi)算出這道題。(帶賓語和狀語)
(2)不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)
不定式的時(shí)態(tài):
①不定式的一般式:不定式的一般式表示的動(dòng)作與謂語的動(dòng)作式同時(shí)發(fā)生的或是在其后發(fā)生的;
例:Isawhimgoout.我看見他出去了。
Thousandsofyoungpeoplearelearningtoski.數(shù)以千計(jì)的年輕人在學(xué)習(xí)滑雪。
②不定式的進(jìn)行式:不定式的進(jìn)行式表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)的,而且正在進(jìn)行著;
例:Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.我非常高興能和你一起工作。
③不定式的完成式:不定式的完成式表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前。
例:Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.對(duì)不起,讓你久等了。
不定式的語態(tài):
當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),不定式一般要用被動(dòng)形式。
例:Heaskedtobesenttoworkinthecountryside.他請(qǐng)求被派往農(nóng)村工作。
Itispossibleforourhopestoberealized.我們的希望有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能。
注意:不定式在句中用主動(dòng)形式還是被動(dòng)形式,多數(shù)情況下時(shí)容易判斷的,但有時(shí)的確比較復(fù)雜,請(qǐng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):
不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式構(gòu)成了邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,不定式往往用主動(dòng)形式;
例:Doyouhavegotakeytounlockthedoor?你有開門的鑰匙嗎?
不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式構(gòu)成了邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,又和該句的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí),不定式常用主動(dòng)形式;
例:Ihavegotalettertowrite.我又封信要寫。
Heneedsaroomtolivein.他需要一個(gè)房間。
不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式構(gòu)成了邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,不定式用被動(dòng)形式;
例:Thedoctorrecommendedhimtoairtheroom.醫(yī)生建議他讓房間透透氣。
Thedoctorrecommendedtheroomtobeaired.
不定式作表語形容詞(easy,difficult,hard,fit等)的狀語,和句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),不定式多用主動(dòng)形式,可以看成時(shí)省略了動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語forus,forme,foryou等;
例:Thisbookisdifficulttoread.這本書很難讀懂。
Thefoodwasnotfit(forme)toeat.這食物不能吃。
Thepathiseasytofind.這路很容易找到。
Thefilmisgreatfun(=interesting)(forus)tosee.這部電影真有趣。
(3)功能
①作主語
例:Toseeistobelieve.眼見為實(shí)。
不定式短語作主語時(shí),往往由it代替它作形式主語,不定式移至謂語之后。
例:Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.戒煙是正確的。
②作表語
例:Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.下一步你要真正弄清楚需要的是什么。
Myjobistohelpthepatient.我的工作是幫助病人。
Theyaretomarrynextweek.(表示安排)他們下周結(jié)婚。
③作賓語
例:Hewantedtogowithus.他想跟我們一起去。
feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider等動(dòng)詞后如果是動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語,補(bǔ)語是形容詞(間或是名詞),常用it作形式賓語,把不定式后移。
例:Ifinditdifficulttoworkwithhim.我發(fā)現(xiàn)和他一起共事很難。
Ithoughtitagreatpitynottohaveinvitedher.我認(rèn)為沒有邀請(qǐng)她是很大的遺憾。
下列動(dòng)詞常跟不定式作賓語:
agree,refuse,offer,promise,choose,decide,attempt,intend,manage,fail,ask,hope,want,expect,wish,desire,plan,prepare,learn,pretend等等。
④作賓語不足語
例:Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim.他讓我和他一起做這項(xiàng)工作。
在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等詞后的補(bǔ)足語中,不定式不帶to。但是這些句子如果變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),就必須帶to.
例:Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.我經(jīng)常聽到他唱歌。
Heisoftenheardtosingthesong.
⑤作定語
例:Ihavesomebooksforyoutoread.我有些書給你讀。
動(dòng)詞不定式與其修飾的詞之間往往有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,如果該不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞,其后應(yīng)有必要的介詞。
例:Heisapleasantfellowtoworkwith.他是個(gè)很好共事的人。
Sheboughtabookshelftoputherbookson.她買了一個(gè)書架放書。
Thereisnothingtoworryabout.沒有什么好擔(dān)心的。
Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.請(qǐng)給我一把刀。
當(dāng)作定語的動(dòng)詞不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),不定式既可以用主動(dòng)語態(tài),也可以用被動(dòng)語態(tài),當(dāng)其含義有所不同。
試比較:Doyouhaveanythingtosend?你有什么東西要寄嗎?(不定式tosend的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是you)
Doyouhaveanythingtobesent?你有什么要(我或別人)寄的東西嗎?(不定式tosend的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是已被省略的me或someoneelse)
thefirst,thesecond,thelast,thebest等常跟動(dòng)詞不定式作定語。
例:Heisalwaysthefirsttoanswerquestionsinclass.他總是第一個(gè)在課堂上回答問題。
Hewouldbethelasttoagreetotheplan.他決不會(huì)同意這個(gè)計(jì)劃。
⑥作狀語
不定式作狀語的情況很多,可以表示目的、結(jié)果、原因或條件等。
例:Icameheretoseeyou.(表目的)我來這是為了看你。
Weshallbeveryhappytocooperatewithyouintheproject.(表原因)在此項(xiàng)目中與你們合作,我們非常高興。
Hehurriedtotheschooltofindnobodythere.(表結(jié)果)他匆忙地趕到學(xué)校,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)沒人在那。
Sheisverypolitetoshowustheway.(表結(jié)果)她非常有禮貌地給我們指路。
Tolookathim,youwouldlikehim.(表?xiàng)l件)如果你看見他,你就會(huì)喜歡他。
Youcouldn’tdothattosaveyourlife.(表?xiàng)l件)你即使為了救自己的命也不能那樣做。
Weranallthewaysoasnottobelate.(表?xiàng)l件)為了不遲到我們一路跑來。
Theydividedthework,JohntowashthevegetablesandMarrytocookthemeal.(表伴隨情況)他們分了工,約翰洗菜,瑪麗做飯。
不定式可以表明說話人的態(tài)度,在句中作獨(dú)立成分。
例:Totellthetruth,thisisallGreektome.說實(shí)話,我對(duì)此一竅不通。
Tobesure,wecandoit.當(dāng)然,我們能做好的。
類似的還有:tobebrief簡言之,tobeexact精確地說,tobefrankwithyou老實(shí)對(duì)你說吧,tobehonest說實(shí)話,tostart/beginwith首先等等。這些短語大都位于句首,偶爾位于句中或句尾,需用逗號(hào)同其它句子成分格開。
⑦不定式與疑問詞who,which,when,where,how,what等連用,在句中起名詞作用,可充當(dāng)主語、表語、賓語等。
例:Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.(賓語)他不知道要說什么。
Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.(主語)如何解決問題非常重要。
Myquestioniswhentostart.(表語)我的問題是什么時(shí)候開始。
三、課文理解
1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?
A.JKRowlingisaworldfullofwondersandstrangehappenings.
B.Thebooksareaboutcreaturesandadventuresandtherealworldaswell.
C.Rowlinghaswrittenbooksaboutchildrenwithsecretpast.
D.Wecanknowourselvesbetterbyreadingthebooks.
2.WhatistrueaboutHarryPorter?
A.Heisunhappybecausehehastochangehislifeoften.
B.HelivesmiserablyuntilhebecomesastudentatHogwarts.
C.Hewantstobecomeawizardbecauseheisnormalenough.
D.Hehastochangehislifebecausehisparentsdied.
3.Harrylearnsthefollowingexcept_____.
A.themagicandhowtobecomeawizard
B.theimportanceanddifficultyofmakingfriends
C.thepowerofloveandgoodness
D.thesecretofhislifeandchoices
4.Accordingtothepassage,_____.
A.youwon’tsucceedifyoudon’thavefaithinwhatyouaredoing
B.wizardshavetofighteachotherbecausenothingisalwaysright
C.birthandappearancehassomethingtodowithaperson’sgrowingup
D.peoplecanbefriendsalthoughtheyhavelittleornothingincommon
5.Whatisthesuggestedideaofthepassage?
A.Poorchildrenwithnopastwillsucceedintheend.
B.Itiseasyfornormalchildrentobecomeawizard.
C.Itistobelieveinourselvesandtohelpothersthatmakeagoodlife.
D.Thingsinthebooksarenovaluetotherealworld.
四、語法知識(shí)訓(xùn)練
I.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.Theman_______todayleftthemessageforyou.
A.calledB.hascalledC.whomcalledD.whocalled
2.HehastoworkonSunday,_______hedoesnotlike.
A.whichB.whichtimeC.onwhichtimeD.when
3.Idon’tthinkthenumberofpeople_______thishappensisverylarge.
A.whomB.whoC.ofwhomD.towhom
4.I,_______yourfriend,tellyouso.
A.thatamB.thatisC.whoisD.whoam
5.That’stheScienceMuseum_______wevisitedlastyear.
A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich
6.Theriver_______arecoveredwithtreesisverylong.
A.whichbanksB.ofwhichbanks
C.whosethebanksD.thebanksofwhich
7.Heisthemostboringspeaker_______Ihaveeverheard.
A.whoB.thatC.whoD.which
8.---Didyouasktheguardwhathappened?
---Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.
A.aboutwhichB.whichC.thatD.what
9.Themanandthehorse_______fellintotheriverweredrowned.
A.whichB.whoC.thatD.ofwhich
10.Ihelpedhimwithhishomework,_______wasmyduty.
A.whenB.asC.itD.that
11.Thebuilding_______allelderlyuniversityteacherspreferlooksso
beautiful.
A.atwhichB.whereC.whichD.inwhich
12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveany
questions.
A.atwhichB.atwhereC.theplacewhereD.where
13.Iwillprovideyouwithsuchthings_______youmayneed.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.whose
14.Thisistheman_______ishonest.
A.whoIbelieveB.whomIbelieve
C.whobelieveID.Ibelievewho
15.Youhavemanypeoplearoundyou_______arekindtoyoubut_______youwill
soonforget.
A./;/B./;whoC.who;/D.who;whom
II.寫定義
Name名稱Category類別Function/Action功用/行動(dòng)
aclockamachinetelltime
April1aholidaybecalledAprilFool’sDay
atravelerapersontravel
apassengeratravelertravelbypublictransportsuchasthebus,boat,planeortrain
anaircraftanymachineorstructurecanflyintheairandcarrygoodsandpassengers
anAirbusanaircraftoperateregularlyovershortormediumdistances
16.Aclockisamachinewhichtellsthetime.
17.April1________________________________________.
18.Atraveler_____________________________________.
19.Apassenger_____________________________________.
20.Anaircraft______________________________________.
21.Anairbus________________________________________.
III.請(qǐng)指出下面一則短文中不定式的語法功能
S=subjectO=objectP=predicativeAC=adjectivecomplement
AD=adverbialATT=attributive
ANotetofellowstudentsofEnglishwriting
①Tomakegooduseofanon-verbalphrase,itisnecessary②tothinkwhyyouneedit.Anyphrase③tobeincludedshouldbeusedto④backupthemainideayouwant⑤toputacross.Don’taim⑥towritelongsentencesfortheirownsakeor⑦toimpresstheteacher.Ifyouhope⑧togetagoodmarkthisway,youmayoftenfinditleadstotheopposite.Moreover,longsentencesareharder⑨t(yī)owriteandmoredifficult⑩toread.So,it’sbetter⑾toavoidlongsentenceswheneveryoucan.Goodwritingpracticeis⑿towriteinasimplestyle.Thisisalsothebestway⒀tocommunicatewithreaders.
IV.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全下列句子
a.tohelpyou
b.towinthenationallottery
c.totalkwithfoodinyourmouth
d.tosay“thankyou”whenyoureceivehelp
e.forordinarypeopletoownweaponsinsomecountries
f.tobringflowerstoadinnerpartyyou’reinvitedto
g.togosnowboardingduringthesummervocation
h.forateenagertobuyalcoholicdrinks
i.tohavea“pot-luckparty”whereeveryonebringsadishtoshare
1.It’sapleasure__________________________________.
2.It’sgoodmanners________________________________.
3.It’snotalwayspolite___________________________.
4.It’sbadmanners_________________________________.
5.It’scool________________________________________.
6.It’sgoodluck___________________________________.
7.It’sagoodidea_________________________________.
8.It’sagainstthelaw_____________________________.
五、綜合訓(xùn)練
I.基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用
A.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.Comparethis_______that,_______you’llfindwhichisbetter.
A.with;orB.with;andC.to;orD.to;and
2._______1992,thepriceofgrainwasreducedby50%.
A.ComparewithB.Compareto
C.ComparedwithD.Comparingto
3.Girlsareoftencompared_______flowers.
A.withB.toC.byD.for
4.Hisfatheris_______treatmentinthathospital.
A.inB.byC.withD.under
5._______,aformmustbefilledin.
A.ToaskforthisjobB.Inordertogetthisjob
C.MakingrequestforthisjobD.Ifyouwanttogetthisjob
6.Nextsummer_______youwillspendinShanghai,I’msure,willbeanotherexcitingholiday.
A.whichB.whenC.inwhichD.where
7.Gotoasktheperson_______canhelpyou.
A.whomyouthinkB.whoyouthink
C.youthinkD.youthinkwho
8.Theytreatedhim_______akingwhenhewonthemoney.
A.asB.asbeingC.likeD.likebeing
9.I_______whathesaid,buttotellyouthetruth,Idon’t________him.
A.believedin;believeB.believed;believein
C.believedin;believeinD.believed;believe
10.Themanagertoldus_______hadhappenedintheshop.
A.allB.allthatC.allwhatD.allwhich
B.選擇短語并用適當(dāng)形式填空
turnintoturnupturndownturnaway
turninturnoutturntoturnover
11.Themanager________theassistant.
12.Wepolitely________theinvitation.
13.Thestudentsall________thefinalexamaheadoftime.
14.He________thelightsbeforeheleft.
15.Severaloldfriends_________attheparty.
16.Theiceinthestreet________watergradually.
17.Theplan________afailure.
18.Whenyouareintrouble,youcan________himforhelp.
19.She________theprobleminhermind.
20.________tothenextpageandlet’sdotheexercises.
II.完形填空用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~將下列短文補(bǔ)充完整,每空一詞。
Spielbergwas__21__inCincinnati,Ohio.Hisfatherwasanengineerandhismotherwasapianist.__22__aboyheusedto__23__hisownstorieswithpictures.Hestartedmakinghomemoviesattheageof12,__24__hefilmedatoytraincrashathome.At13hewonafilmcompetition__25__a40-minutefilm.Attheageof16hemadealongerfilmof140minutesata__26__of0.
Hehadhisfirst__27__at25whenhemadeDuel,afilmaboutamotorist__28__ischasedbyagianttruck.Peopleinthefilmindustrybegantonoticehim.AfterthatcameJaws,CloseEncountersoftheThirdKind,RaidersoftheLostArk,andET,withitsstar,agentlecreaturefrom__29__space.
__30__1999,Spielberghaddirected22filmsandhadproducedmanyothers.Hisfortunefromfilm-makingisnowover
小學(xué)教學(xué)教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2020-10-22Unit12Artandliterature教學(xué)案。
一名優(yōu)秀的教師在每次教學(xué)前有自己的事先計(jì)劃,高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案,這是老師職責(zé)的一部分。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好的吸收課堂上所講的知識(shí)點(diǎn),使高中教師有一個(gè)簡單易懂的教學(xué)思路。您知道高中教案應(yīng)該要怎么下筆嗎?以下是小編為大家收集的“Unit12Artandliterature教學(xué)案”歡迎閱讀,希望您能夠喜歡并分享!
Unit12Artandliterature教學(xué)案
一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)和要求
1.學(xué)習(xí)和掌握以下單詞和習(xí)慣用語
1)單詞
literature;LeonardodaVinci;PabloPicasso;romantic;comedy;exhibition;local;magic;power;trick;wonder;series;scar;forehead;Hogwarts;witchcraft;wizard;wizardry;miserable;treat;unhappy;goodness;habit;villager;shoulder;whisper;chamber;charm;stupid;password;sesame;compare;announcement;checklist
2)習(xí)慣用語
aseriesof;introuble;comeacross;believein;turnabound
2.功能意念項(xiàng)目
學(xué)會(huì)用英語談?wù)撐膶W(xué)藝術(shù)。
3.語法
1)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過的定語從句的用法;
2)復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。
4.語言運(yùn)用
運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言,圍繞文學(xué)藝術(shù)這一題材,完成教科書和練習(xí)冊(cè)中規(guī)定的聽、說、寫的任務(wù);閱讀課文“Artandliterature”,確切理解并完成有關(guān)課文內(nèi)容和練習(xí);練習(xí)設(shè)計(jì)一張海報(bào)。
二、學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)
1.單詞和習(xí)慣用語的用法
1)powern.能力;力量;權(quán)力
例:Carryingthisbaggagerequiresalotofpower.搬運(yùn)這個(gè)行李要很大的力氣。
Thisparrothasthepowertoimitatehumanwords.這只鸚鵡有模仿人類語言的能力。
Thedictatorheldabsolutepoweroverhispeople.那獨(dú)裁者握有對(duì)人民的絕對(duì)權(quán)力。
cometo/intopower掌握政權(quán);得勢
Hecametopowerin1987.他1987年掌權(quán)。
2)trickn.詭計(jì);竅門;惡作劇
例:Hertearswerejustatricktodeceiveothers.她的眼淚只是欺騙別人的詭計(jì)。
Ihaven’tgotthetrickofdrivingthiscaryet.我還不曉得開這部車的訣竅。
Ourchildrenusedtoplaytricksonus.我們的小孩以前常常捉弄我們。
playatrickonsb.捉弄某人
Trickortreat!不請(qǐng)吃糖,就惡作?。。ㄈf圣節(jié)孩子用語)
3)treatvt.對(duì)待;視為;治療;款待
例:Theytreateduswithallrespect.他們鄭重其事地接待我們。
Youshouldtreatyourtextbookswithmorecare.你使用教科書要更加細(xì)心。
Theytreatedhimwithanewdrug.他們用新藥醫(yī)治他的病。
Hetreatedherforabrokenarm.他為她醫(yī)治那條骨折的手臂。
It’smyturntotreatyoutonight.今晚輪到我請(qǐng)客。
Shetreatedmetolunch.她請(qǐng)我吃午飯。
treat…as…把……當(dāng)作……看待
Mymothertreatedmyproposalasajoke.母親把我的提議當(dāng)玩笑看待。
Wetreatedthismatterasoneofimportance.我們把此事視為重要問題。
類似的短語還有:lookupon…as…;regard…as…;consider…as…;thinkof…as…等等。
4)introuble處于困境中;在監(jiān)禁中
例:Sheisingreattrouble,sosheneedsyouradvice.她遇到了很大的困難,所以需要你的忠告。
HewasintroublewiththeCustoms.他在海關(guān)那里有了麻煩。
ask/lookfortrouble自討苦吃;自找麻煩
getsb.intotrouble使某人陷入困境
putsb.totrouble給某人增添麻煩
takethetroubletodo費(fèi)神做;不辭勞苦地做
5)comeacross/upon偶然遇到;碰上
例:Wevejustcomeacrossanoldfriendwehaventseenforages.
我們剛碰到了一位多年不見的老朋友。
含義基本相同的短語還有:raninto/across;meet(up)with
例:Iranacrossanoldfriendinthestreet.我在街上碰到一位老朋友。
Hiscarranintothepost.他的車撞到柱子上。
Imetwithantrafficaccident.我遭遇到車禍。
Imetupwithanoldclassmateinthecrowd.我在人群中偶然遇到了一個(gè)老同學(xué)。
ThePresidentistomeetwiththepressthisafternoon.總統(tǒng)預(yù)定今天下午會(huì)見記者。
6)believein和believe
believein表示因可靠、有能力、品德好等原因而“信任”某人,屬總的評(píng)價(jià),常跟簡單賓語,偶爾跟含動(dòng)詞ing形式的復(fù)合賓語;而believe表示相信某人某時(shí)某地所說的話,并不涉及對(duì)其總的評(píng)價(jià),含有信以為真的意味。
例:Ibelievehim.我相信(他說的話)。
Theybelievehimtohavedoneit.他們相信他做了這件事。
Ibelievehimanhoneststudent.我相信他是個(gè)誠實(shí)的學(xué)生。
Ibelieveinhim.我信任他。
Idon’tbelieveinthetheory.我不相信這套理論。
7)habitn.習(xí)慣;習(xí)性
例:Itishishabittojogbeforebreakfast.他習(xí)慣在早餐前慢跑。
Shehasahabitofplayingwithherhairwhilereading.她在閱讀時(shí)有玩弄頭發(fā)的癖好。
beinthehabitofdoingsth.=havea/thehabitofdoingsth.
Sheisinthehabitoflisteningtomusicwhilestudying.她有邊讀書邊聽音樂的習(xí)慣。
fall/getintothehabitofdoingsth.=formthehabitofdoingsth.養(yǎng)成做……的習(xí)慣
getoutofthehabitofdoingsth.改掉做……的習(xí)慣
Hegotoutofthehabitofsmoking.他改掉了吸煙的習(xí)慣。
8)comparev.比較;相比;比喻
compare…with…把……和……相比較;compare…to…把……比喻成……;
例:compareonethingwithanother將一物與另一物比較
Walkingcantcomparewithflying.走路比不上飛行。
Livinginatowncantcomparewithlivinginthecountryinmanyrespects.
在許多方面城市生活比不上在鄉(xiāng)村生活。
Manslifeisoftencomparedtoacandle.人生常被喻為蠟燭。
Thepoetcompareshislovertoaroseinhispoems.
詩人在他詩歌中把他的情人比作玫瑰花。
compare常指為了找出兩種事物或現(xiàn)象的異同點(diǎn)而進(jìn)行比較,如:IfyoucompareMarxsworkswithHegels,youllfindmanydifferences.如果你把馬克思的著作同黑格爾的著作相比較,就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)許多不同之處。
contrast指兩者之間的“對(duì)照”、“對(duì)比”,著重指“通過兩種事物或現(xiàn)象的對(duì)比,突出地指出它們的不同”,如:contrastfarmlifewithcitylife對(duì)照一下城鄉(xiāng)生活。
2.語言要點(diǎn)
1)Itisaworldofmagicandwonders,aworldwhereanythingcanhappen.這是一個(gè)存在著魔法和奇跡的世界,是一個(gè)任何事情都可能發(fā)生的世界。
本句中“aworldwhereanythingcanhappen”做同位語,而本身又包含一個(gè)where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。下文中的“aboywithascaronhisforeheadandasecretpast”也是同位語。
2)…,buttheycanstillbefriendsiftheysharethesamegoals,hopesanddreams.但是如果他們有著同樣的目標(biāo)、愿望和同樣的夢想他們?nèi)匀豢梢猿蔀榕笥选?br> share(in)sth.分享
sharesth.with/between/amongsb.(和某人)共同分享
Wesharedthesweets.我們分吃了糖果。
Theysharetheirjoysandsorrows.他們同甘共苦。
BillandBobsharedtheworkequallybetweenthem.比爾和鮑勃兩人把工作平分了。
3)Theladyinthepicturehadsuchstrangeeyesthatitwasalmostasifthewomaninthepicturewaswatchingthem.畫中女人的眼睛非常奇怪,就好像在窺視他們一樣。
asif=asthough似乎是,好像是
例:Shealwaystalkedtomeasif/thoughshewasmysister.她總是以我妹妹的口氣和我說話。
Hewalkedslowlyasifhehadhurthisleg.他慢慢地走,好像腿受傷的樣子。
Shelooksasifsheisgoingtocry.她看起來似乎要哭了。
Itlooksasifwewillbelate.看起來我們似乎會(huì)遲到。
4)…,andthatnotallofthemweresafe.他們不是所有的人都安全。
這是一個(gè)部分否定句。這里我們也可以說“allofthemwerenotsafe”。
再如:Notallofusarestudents.我們不都是學(xué)生。
=Allofusarenotstudents.
完全否定應(yīng)該是noneof。
Noneofthemweresafe.他們都不安全。
Noneofusarestudents.我們都不是學(xué)生。
5)HewasabouttosaysomethingwhenHelenturnedaround.他正要說話的時(shí)候,海倫轉(zhuǎn)過身來。
beabouttodosth.when…正要做……,(突然)……
例:Iwasabouttojumpintotheriverforaswimwhentheguideshoutedatme.我正要跳下河游泳的時(shí)候向?qū)蛭掖蠛捌饋怼?br> 6)Weneedapasswordtogetthroughthewall.我們需要咒語穿過這堵墻。
getthrough到達(dá);做完;通過;度過;打通
例:Theroadaheadisnarrow,soatruckcan’tgetthrough(it).前面的路很窄,所以卡車沒有辦法通過。
Howlongdoesittakeyoutogetthroughaletter?你寫一封信要花多長時(shí)間?
Icalledalldayyesterday,butIcouldn’tgetthroughtoyou.昨天我打了一天電話,但是沒有辦法聯(lián)絡(luò)到你。
7)Shedidnothavetimetofinishbeforethewallstartedmovingandaholeopenupbelowthepicture.還沒等她說完,墻開始移動(dòng),在畫的下面露出一個(gè)洞口。
openup展開,打開;開發(fā);揭露;開始
例:Coughinglikethatmightopenupyourwound.你那樣咳嗽會(huì)把傷口震開。
Newminesareopeningup.新礦正在開發(fā)。
HeneveropensuphisshoponaSunday.星期天他的商店從不營業(yè)。
Openupthepackage.打開這個(gè)包裹。
3.語法說明:
1)定語從句
(1)定語從句是中學(xué)階段英語語法中十分重要的一個(gè)語法項(xiàng)目。它在句子中出現(xiàn)的頻率很高。對(duì)正確理解句子的意義起著舉足輕重的作用。
定語從句一般都緊跟在它所修飾名詞后面,所以如果在名詞或代詞后面出現(xiàn)一個(gè)從句,就要根據(jù)它與前面名詞或代詞的邏輯關(guān)系來判斷是否是定語從句。
被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做“先行詞”。引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫“關(guān)系詞”。關(guān)系詞有兩個(gè)作用:
①引導(dǎo)定語從句。
②代替先行詞在其引導(dǎo)的定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分。
理解和牢記這兩條概念,弄清楚關(guān)系詞在定語從句充當(dāng)什么成分,是掌握定語從句的關(guān)鍵。
正確選擇關(guān)系詞是掌握定語從句的關(guān)鍵。關(guān)系詞的選擇完全取決于先行詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)氖裁闯煞?。關(guān)系詞一共有九個(gè),它們?cè)趶木渲兴洚?dāng)?shù)木渥映煞忠娤卤怼?br> 關(guān)系詞主語賓語表語定語狀語
That人/物/物√×√
Which物物××√
Who人××××
Whom×人×××
Whose×××人/物×
When××××√
Where××××√
Why××××√
在限定性定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略。
例:Thereisstillonethingwhich/thatisnotexplained.(主語)
Thisistheboywhocameyesterday.(主語)
Thisisthepicture(which/that)hegaveme.(賓語)
Thecarwhichwasfollowingusseemstohavedisappeared.(主語)
ThewomanwhosedaughteryoumetisMrs.Brown.(定語)
Thisistheboy(whom)wemetlastnight.(賓語)
屋頂被毀壞的房子已經(jīng)被修好。
┏whoseroof
Thehouse┣theroofofwhichwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.
┗ofwhichtheroof
那就是他工作的大學(xué)。
┏atwhichheworks.
┣whichheworksat.
Thatisthecollege┣whereheworks.
┣thatheworksat.
┗heworksat.
他出生的那一天是1952年8月20日。
┏onwhichhewasborn
┣whichhewasbornon
Theday┣whenhewasborn wasAug.20,1952.
┣thathewasbornon
┗hewasbornon
他被解雇的原因不難解釋。
┏whyhe
Thereason┣thathewasdismissedisnotdifficulttoexplain.
┗he
你提到的那個(gè)人時(shí)瓊的爸爸。
┏ofwhomyouspoke
Theman┣whomyouspokeofisJoan’sfather.
┣thatyouspokeof
┗youspokeof
(2)只用關(guān)系代詞that的情況:
①先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),通常用關(guān)系代詞that;
ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.
②先行詞前有thefirst,thelast,theonly,thesame,thevery以及any,few,much,some,no等修飾時(shí),通常用關(guān)系代詞that;
Youaretheveryboy(that)Iwant.
Thisisthelastchance(that)youhave.這是你最后一次機(jī)會(huì)。
Heisthelastperson(that)Iwanttosee.他是我最不想見的人。
Pleasesendusanyinformation(that)youhaveaboutthesubject.
③先行詞是much,little,none,all,any,no,everything,anything,nothing,等不定代詞,通常用關(guān)系代詞that;
Thisisall(that)Iknow.
Thereisnothingintheworldthatcanfrightenhim.
④先行詞由“人+物”構(gòu)成時(shí),通常用關(guān)系代詞that;
Lookattheboyandhissheepthatarecomingdownthehill.
Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.
⑤當(dāng)主句中有who,which時(shí),而定語從句中也要用到who或which時(shí),為了避免who…who,which…which等重疊,定語從句用that引導(dǎo)。
Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythedoor?
Whichofthetwocowsthatyoukeepproducesmoremilk?
(3)限定性定語從句和非限定性定語從句
限定性定語從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分,主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)分開。而非限定性定語從句是對(duì)主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明,沒有從句不影響主句的意思完整。一般用逗號(hào)把主句和從句分開。不用關(guān)系代詞that。非限定性定語從句的關(guān)系代詞有時(shí)可以代表整個(gè)主句的含義,在非限定性定語從句中,作賓語的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。
例:Themanwhowasdrivingthecarwasdrunk.開車的那人喝醉了。
Thisistheplacewherethethreeroadsmeet.這是三條路交匯的地方。
ThehousewhosewindowsarebrokenisMr.Smith’s.窗戶破損的房子是史密斯先生的。
Ihavetwosisters,whoarebothstudents.我有兩個(gè)妹妹,她們都是學(xué)生。
Ihavelostthepen,whichIlikeverymuch.我弄丟了那支鋼筆,是我非常喜歡的那支。
Tombrokehiseyeglasses,whichmadehismotherquiteangry.湯姆打碎了自己的眼鏡,這使他媽媽非常生氣。(關(guān)系代詞which代表湯姆打碎眼鏡這件事)
(4)as引導(dǎo)的定語從句
①as用作關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句,并在從句中作定語、表語或狀語,構(gòu)成thesame…as…,such…as…等結(jié)構(gòu)。
例:Ilikethesamebookasyoudo.(as作賓語)
Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.(as作狀語)
Iwanttohavesuchadictionaryashehas.(as作賓語)
②as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句。as在定語從句中作主語、表語或賓語,這個(gè)定語從句是說明整個(gè)句子,它可以放在主句之前。
例:Asweallknow,hestudiesveryhard.(as作賓語)
Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudentinourclass.(作主語)
常用的這種類似插入語的句式有asissaidabove,asisknowntoall,asitis等。
注意:關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時(shí),從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致;關(guān)系代詞which和as在定語從句中的區(qū)別是:which不能放在句首,而as則可以;在句中時(shí),as有“正如”、“就像”之意,而which沒有。
(5)其它注意事項(xiàng):
①在定語從句中做主語的who,which或that后的動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)根據(jù)先行詞的人稱和數(shù)來確定;
IwantagirlwhoknowsEnglish.
IwantthreegirlswhoknowEnglish.
Heisoneofthegreatestmenthatareknowntoeveryone.
HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasbeentoCanada.
②關(guān)系代詞做介詞的賓語時(shí),介詞可置于whom或which的前面或句末,但關(guān)系代詞that不可直接放在介詞之后做賓語;
Isthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice?
=Isthisthecarwhichyoupaidahighpricefor?
=Isthisthecarthatyoupaidahighpricefor?
=Isthisthecaryoupaidahighpricefor?
③關(guān)系副詞=介詞+which(關(guān)系代詞)
where=in/atwhichwhen=at/inwhichwhy=forwhich
Icanstillrememberthesitting-roomwhere/inwhichmymotherandIusedtositintheevening.
但為表意清楚,在關(guān)系副詞where/when前可加介詞from或to等。
Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,fromwherekiteflyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.
④that可代替關(guān)系副詞when,why等,或省略。
┏inwhichhe
Iamquitesatisfiedwiththeway┣thathehasdoneit.
┗he
2)動(dòng)詞不定式
(1)構(gòu)成與特征
動(dòng)詞不定式事動(dòng)詞的一種非限定形式,由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成,在句中起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用,同時(shí)也保留動(dòng)詞的一些特征,可以帶賓語或狀語。
例:Hetriedtoworkouttheprobleminfiveminutes.他試圖在五分鐘之內(nèi)算出這道題。(帶賓語和狀語)
(2)不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)
不定式的時(shí)態(tài):
①不定式的一般式:不定式的一般式表示的動(dòng)作與謂語的動(dòng)作式同時(shí)發(fā)生的或是在其后發(fā)生的;
例:Isawhimgoout.我看見他出去了。
Thousandsofyoungpeoplearelearningtoski.數(shù)以千計(jì)的年輕人在學(xué)習(xí)滑雪。
②不定式的進(jìn)行式:不定式的進(jìn)行式表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)的,而且正在進(jìn)行著;
例:Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou.我非常高興能和你一起工作。
③不定式的完成式:不定式的完成式表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前。
例:Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.對(duì)不起,讓你久等了。
不定式的語態(tài):
當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),不定式一般要用被動(dòng)形式。
例:Heaskedtobesenttoworkinthecountryside.他請(qǐng)求被派往農(nóng)村工作。
Itispossibleforourhopestoberealized.我們的希望有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能。
注意:不定式在句中用主動(dòng)形式還是被動(dòng)形式,多數(shù)情況下時(shí)容易判斷的,但有時(shí)的確比較復(fù)雜,請(qǐng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):
不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式構(gòu)成了邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,不定式往往用主動(dòng)形式;
例:Doyouhavegotakeytounlockthedoor?你有開門的鑰匙嗎?
不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式構(gòu)成了邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,又和該句的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系時(shí),不定式常用主動(dòng)形式;
例:Ihavegotalettertowrite.我又封信要寫。
Heneedsaroomtolivein.他需要一個(gè)房間。
不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式構(gòu)成了邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,不定式用被動(dòng)形式;
例:Thedoctorrecommendedhimtoairtheroom.醫(yī)生建議他讓房間透透氣。
Thedoctorrecommendedtheroomtobeaired.
不定式作表語形容詞(easy,difficult,hard,fit等)的狀語,和句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),不定式多用主動(dòng)形式,可以看成時(shí)省略了動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語forus,forme,foryou等;
例:Thisbookisdifficulttoread.這本書很難讀懂。
Thefoodwasnotfit(forme)toeat.這食物不能吃。
Thepathiseasytofind.這路很容易找到。
Thefilmisgreatfun(=interesting)(forus)tosee.這部電影真有趣。
(3)功能
①作主語
例:Toseeistobelieve.眼見為實(shí)。
不定式短語作主語時(shí),往往由it代替它作形式主語,不定式移至謂語之后。
例:Itisrighttogiveupsmoking.戒煙是正確的。
②作表語
例:Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.下一步你要真正弄清楚需要的是什么。
Myjobistohelpthepatient.我的工作是幫助病人。
Theyaretomarrynextweek.(表示安排)他們下周結(jié)婚。
③作賓語
例:Hewantedtogowithus.他想跟我們一起去。
feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider等動(dòng)詞后如果是動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語,補(bǔ)語是形容詞(間或是名詞),常用it作形式賓語,把不定式后移。
例:Ifinditdifficulttoworkwithhim.我發(fā)現(xiàn)和他一起共事很難。
Ithoughtitagreatpitynottohaveinvitedher.我認(rèn)為沒有邀請(qǐng)她是很大的遺憾。
下列動(dòng)詞常跟不定式作賓語:
agree,refuse,offer,promise,choose,decide,attempt,intend,manage,fail,ask,hope,want,expect,wish,desire,plan,prepare,learn,pretend等等。
④作賓語不足語
例:Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim.他讓我和他一起做這項(xiàng)工作。
在feel,hear,listento,lookat,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等詞后的補(bǔ)足語中,不定式不帶to。但是這些句子如果變成被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),就必須帶to.
例:Ioftenhearhimsingthesong.我經(jīng)常聽到他唱歌。
Heisoftenheardtosingthesong.
⑤作定語
例:Ihavesomebooksforyoutoread.我有些書給你讀。
動(dòng)詞不定式與其修飾的詞之間往往有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,如果該不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞,其后應(yīng)有必要的介詞。
例:Heisapleasantfellowtoworkwith.他是個(gè)很好共事的人。
Sheboughtabookshelftoputherbookson.她買了一個(gè)書架放書。
Thereisnothingtoworryabout.沒有什么好擔(dān)心的。
Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.請(qǐng)給我一把刀。
當(dāng)作定語的動(dòng)詞不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),不定式既可以用主動(dòng)語態(tài),也可以用被動(dòng)語態(tài),當(dāng)其含義有所不同。
試比較:Doyouhaveanythingtosend?你有什么東西要寄嗎?(不定式tosend的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是you)
Doyouhaveanythingtobesent?你有什么要(我或別人)寄的東西嗎?(不定式tosend的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是已被省略的me或someoneelse)
thefirst,thesecond,thelast,thebest等常跟動(dòng)詞不定式作定語。
例:Heisalwaysthefirsttoanswerquestionsinclass.他總是第一個(gè)在課堂上回答問題。
Hewouldbethelasttoagreetotheplan.他決不會(huì)同意這個(gè)計(jì)劃。
⑥作狀語
不定式作狀語的情況很多,可以表示目的、結(jié)果、原因或條件等。
例:Icameheretoseeyou.(表目的)我來這是為了看你。
Weshallbeveryhappytocooperatewithyouintheproject.(表原因)在此項(xiàng)目中與你們合作,我們非常高興。
Hehurriedtotheschooltofindnobodythere.(表結(jié)果)他匆忙地趕到學(xué)校,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)沒人在那。
Sheisverypolitetoshowustheway.(表結(jié)果)她非常有禮貌地給我們指路。
Tolookathim,youwouldlikehim.(表?xiàng)l件)如果你看見他,你就會(huì)喜歡他。
Youcouldn’tdothattosaveyourlife.(表?xiàng)l件)你即使為了救自己的命也不能那樣做。
Weranallthewaysoasnottobelate.(表?xiàng)l件)為了不遲到我們一路跑來。
Theydividedthework,JohntowashthevegetablesandMarrytocookthemeal.(表伴隨情況)他們分了工,約翰洗菜,瑪麗做飯。
不定式可以表明說話人的態(tài)度,在句中作獨(dú)立成分。
例:Totellthetruth,thisisallGreektome.說實(shí)話,我對(duì)此一竅不通。
Tobesure,wecandoit.當(dāng)然,我們能做好的。
類似的還有:tobebrief簡言之,tobeexact精確地說,tobefrankwithyou老實(shí)對(duì)你說吧,tobehonest說實(shí)話,tostart/beginwith首先等等。這些短語大都位于句首,偶爾位于句中或句尾,需用逗號(hào)同其它句子成分格開。
⑦不定式與疑問詞who,which,when,where,how,what等連用,在句中起名詞作用,可充當(dāng)主語、表語、賓語等。
例:Hedidn’tknowwhattosay.(賓語)他不知道要說什么。
Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant.(主語)如何解決問題非常重要。
Myquestioniswhentostart.(表語)我的問題是什么時(shí)候開始。
三、課文理解
1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?
A.JKRowlingisaworldfullofwondersandstrangehappenings.
B.Thebooksareaboutcreaturesandadventuresandtherealworldaswell.
C.Rowlinghaswrittenbooksaboutchildrenwithsecretpast.
D.Wecanknowourselvesbetterbyreadingthebooks.
2.WhatistrueaboutHarryPorter?
A.Heisunhappybecausehehastochangehislifeoften.
B.HelivesmiserablyuntilhebecomesastudentatHogwarts.
C.Hewantstobecomeawizardbecauseheisnormalenough.
D.Hehastochangehislifebecausehisparentsdied.
3.Harrylearnsthefollowingexcept_____.
A.themagicandhowtobecomeawizard
B.theimportanceanddifficultyofmakingfriends
C.thepowerofloveandgoodness
D.thesecretofhislifeandchoices
4.Accordingtothepassage,_____.
A.youwon’tsucceedifyoudon’thavefaithinwhatyouaredoing
B.wizardshavetofighteachotherbecausenothingisalwaysright
C.birthandappearancehassomethingtodowithaperson’sgrowingup
D.peoplecanbefriendsalthoughtheyhavelittleornothingincommon
5.Whatisthesuggestedideaofthepassage?
A.Poorchildrenwithnopastwillsucceedintheend.
B.Itiseasyfornormalchildrentobecomeawizard.
C.Itistobelieveinourselvesandtohelpothersthatmakeagoodlife.
D.Thingsinthebooksarenovaluetotherealworld.
四、語法知識(shí)訓(xùn)練
I.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.Theman_______todayleftthemessageforyou.
A.calledB.hascalledC.whomcalledD.whocalled
2.HehastoworkonSunday,_______hedoesnotlike.
A.whichB.whichtimeC.onwhichtimeD.when
3.Idon’tthinkthenumberofpeople_______thishappensisverylarge.
A.whomB.whoC.ofwhomD.towhom
4.I,_______yourfriend,tellyouso.
A.thatamB.thatisC.whoisD.whoam
5.That’stheScienceMuseum_______wevisitedlastyear.
A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich
6.Theriver_______arecoveredwithtreesisverylong.
A.whichbanksB.ofwhichbanks
C.whosethebanksD.thebanksofwhich
7.Heisthemostboringspeaker_______Ihaveeverheard.
A.whoB.thatC.whoD.which
8.---Didyouasktheguardwhathappened?
---Yes,hetoldmeall_______heknew.
A.aboutwhichB.whichC.thatD.what
9.Themanandthehorse_______fellintotheriverweredrowned.
A.whichB.whoC.thatD.ofwhich
10.Ihelpedhimwithhishomework,_______wasmyduty.
A.whenB.asC.itD.that
11.Thebuilding_______allelderlyuniversityteacherspreferlooksso
beautiful.
A.atwhichB.whereC.whichD.inwhich
12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveany
questions.
A.atwhichB.atwhereC.theplacewhereD.where
13.Iwillprovideyouwithsuchthings_______youmayneed.
A.thatB.whichC.asD.whose
14.Thisistheman_______ishonest.
A.whoIbelieveB.whomIbelieve
C.whobelieveID.Ibelievewho
15.Youhavemanypeoplearoundyou_______arekindtoyoubut_______youwill
soonforget.
A./;/B./;whoC.who;/D.who;whom
II.寫定義
Name名稱Category類別Function/Action功用/行動(dòng)
aclockamachinetelltime
April1aholidaybecalledAprilFool’sDay
atravelerapersontravel
apassengeratravelertravelbypublictransportsuchasthebus,boat,planeortrain
anaircraftanymachineorstructurecanflyintheairandcarrygoodsandpassengers
anAirbusanaircraftoperateregularlyovershortormediumdistances
16.Aclockisamachinewhichtellsthetime.
17.April1________________________________________.
18.Atraveler_____________________________________.
19.Apassenger_____________________________________.
20.Anaircraft______________________________________.
21.Anairbus________________________________________.
III.請(qǐng)指出下面一則短文中不定式的語法功能
S=subjectO=objectP=predicativeAC=adjectivecomplement
AD=adverbialATT=attributive
ANotetofellowstudentsofEnglishwriting
①Tomakegooduseofanon-verbalphrase,itisnecessary②tothinkwhyyouneedit.Anyphrase③tobeincludedshouldbeusedto④backupthemainideayouwant⑤toputacross.Don’taim⑥towritelongsentencesfortheirownsakeor⑦toimpresstheteacher.Ifyouhope⑧togetagoodmarkthisway,youmayoftenfinditleadstotheopposite.Moreover,longsentencesareharder⑨t(yī)owriteandmoredifficult⑩toread.So,it’sbetter⑾toavoidlongsentenceswheneveryoucan.Goodwritingpracticeis⑿towriteinasimplestyle.Thisisalsothebestway⒀tocommunicatewithreaders.
IV.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全下列句子
a.tohelpyou
b.towinthenationallottery
c.totalkwithfoodinyourmouth
d.tosay“thankyou”whenyoureceivehelp
e.forordinarypeopletoownweaponsinsomecountries
f.tobringflowerstoadinnerpartyyou’reinvitedto
g.togosnowboardingduringthesummervocation
h.forateenagertobuyalcoholicdrinks
i.tohavea“pot-luckparty”whereeveryonebringsadishtoshare
1.It’sapleasure__________________________________.
2.It’sgoodmanners________________________________.
3.It’snotalwayspolite___________________________.
4.It’sbadmanners_________________________________.
5.It’scool________________________________________.
6.It’sgoodluck___________________________________.
7.It’sagoodidea_________________________________.
8.It’sagainstthelaw_____________________________.
五、綜合訓(xùn)練
I.基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用
A.單項(xiàng)選擇
1.Comparethis_______that,_______you’llfindwhichisbetter.
A.with;orB.with;andC.to;orD.to;and
2._______1992,thepriceofgrainwasreducedby50%.
A.ComparewithB.Compareto
C.ComparedwithD.Comparingto
3.Girlsareoftencompared_______flowers.
A.withB.toC.byD.for
4.Hisfatheris_______treatmentinthathospital.
A.inB.byC.withD.under
5._______,aformmustbefilledin.
A.ToaskforthisjobB.Inordertogetthisjob
C.MakingrequestforthisjobD.Ifyouwanttogetthisjob
6.Nextsummer_______youwillspendinShanghai,I’msure,willbeanotherexcitingholiday.
A.whichB.whenC.inwhichD.where
7.Gotoasktheperson_______canhelpyou.
A.whomyouthinkB.whoyouthink
C.youthinkD.youthinkwho
8.Theytreatedhim_______akingwhenhewonthemoney.
A.asB.asbeingC.likeD.likebeing
9.I_______whathesaid,buttotellyouthetruth,Idon’t________him.
A.believedin;believeB.believed;believein
C.believedin;believeinD.believed;believe
10.Themanagertoldus_______hadhappenedintheshop.
A.allB.allthatC.allwhatD.allwhich
B.選擇短語并用適當(dāng)形式填空
turnintoturnupturndownturnaway
turninturnoutturntoturnover
11.Themanager________theassistant.
12.Wepolitely________theinvitation.
13.Thestudentsall________thefinalexamaheadoftime.
14.He________thelightsbeforeheleft.
15.Severaloldfriends_________attheparty.
16.Theiceinthestreet________watergradually.
17.Theplan________afailure.
18.Whenyouareintrouble,youcan________himforhelp.
19.She________theprobleminhermind.
20.________tothenextpageandlet’sdotheexercises.
II.完形填空用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~將下列短文補(bǔ)充完整,每空一詞。
Spielbergwas__21__inCincinnati,Ohio.Hisfatherwasanengineerandhismotherwasapianist.__22__aboyheusedto__23__hisownstorieswithpictures.Hestartedmakinghomemoviesattheageof12,__24__hefilmedatoytraincrashathome.At13hewonafilmcompetition__25__a40-minutefilm.Attheageof16hemadealongerfilmof140minutesata__26__of$600.
Hehadhisfirst__27__at25whenhemadeDuel,afilmaboutamotorist__28__ischasedbyagianttruck.Peopleinthefilmindustrybegantonoticehim.AfterthatcameJaws,CloseEncountersoftheThirdKind,RaidersoftheLostArk,andET,withitsstar,agentlecreaturefrom__29__space.
__30__1999,Spielberghaddirected22filmsandhadproducedmanyothers.Hisfortunefromfilm-makingisnowover$1billion.
As__31__aspopularthrillers(驚險(xiǎn)電影)likeJaws,Spielberghasalsofilmedmoredifficultsubjects,forexample,Schindler’sList.Itwasalways__32_thatthedeathoftheJewsinWorldWarIIwasanimportanthistoricalsubject.Butfilmdirectorsavoidedit,__33__thedeathsweresoterrible,andbecauseitwouldbedifficultto__34__thetruthwithoutshockingfilm-goers.Finally,Spielbergfoundtherightbook(byThomasKeneally)withitspositivestoryandunusualhero.ItwasanimportantfilmforhimasitfinallywonhimthetwoOscars__35__hehadalwayswanted,oneforBestPictureandanotherforBestDirector.
III.閱讀理解
A
AnewattractionisnowshowinginParis,Florida,CaliforniaandTokyo----“Honey,Ishrunk(縮小)theaudience.”Likethefilm“Honey,Ishrunkthekids”theshowmakestheaudiencefeelverysmall.Haveyoueverwonderedwhatitwouldbeliketobeassmallasamouse?Nowisyourchancetofindout!
Whenyouenterthecinema,youaregivenapairof3Dglasses.Thefilmstartsinanordinaryway.ThensuddenlyyouarethesizeofamouseandeverythingelseintheworldseemsHUGE!Adogseemsreadytojumpoutofthecinemascreenandeatyouup!Thensomeonepicksupthecinemainwhichyouaresitting,anditfeelsasifitismoving!Theshowusesspecialeffects,andsoundeffectstoo.Inonesceneasnakeattackstheaudienceandacatturnsintoalionandjumpsattheaudience.Inanotherscenetheinventor’ssonputshispetmouseintoamagicboxtomakemoremice,andsuddenlyitseemsasthoughahundredmicearerunningoveryourfeetallroundthetheatre!
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正誤(TrueorFalse)。
()36.Thenewshowiscalled“Honey,Ishrunkthekids”.
()37.Theshowmakesotherpeopleintheaudiencelooksmall.
()38.Youneedtowearspecialglassesfortheshow.
()39.Aftertheshowstarts,abigdogrunsintothecinema.
()40.Atonepoint,youfeelasifyourseatismoving.
()41.Duringtheshow,acatbecomesalion.
()42.Atonepointintheshow,alotofmicerunoverthecinemafloor.
B
Howtogobusking(街頭賣藝)inthestreet
Findabusyspotwithlotsof“peopletraffic”.Butmakesureyou’renotinanyone’sway.Anemptyshopfrontwilldonicely.Don’tmakethemistakeofchoosingverybusyplaceswithcrowds.Outsideabusybusstationisnotagoodplace.Itwillbetoonoisyforpeopletohearyouandtheywon’tseeyoueither.Itwillbetooeasyforthemtopassbyinacrowdwithoutgivinganything.
Havingfoundyourspot,putoutsomethingtocollectthemoney,forexample,youremptyguitarcase,ablanketoranoldhat.Putafewcoinsinyourselfbeforeyoustartplaying;addacoupleof£1coinstoshowthatsomepeoplehavegivenalot!Don’toverdoit,though;ifyourhatistoofull,peoplewillthinkyoudon’tneedthemoney.
Playsimple,well-knownpoptunesthatpeoplelove.Makesurethatyouknowplentyofsongs.Ifyouplayveryfasttunes,peoplewillwalkbyquicklyandwon’tstoptogive.Playasad,tunefulsongfromtimetotime.Guitars,violins,flutesareallgoodstreetinstrumentsandareeasytohear.IfyoucanplaytheAustraliandidgeridoo(迪吉里杜管)(alongwoodenpipewhichmakesadeepsound),peoplewillstoptolisten,becauseinmanycountriesit’sanunusualinstrument.
Whenpeoplestoptolistentotheendofthetune,andmaybetohearthenextone,thenyouknowyou’vegotanaudience.Smileatthem,makeeyecontact,andthankthemwhentheydroptheircoinsintoyourhat.Finally,rememberthatbuskingisnotbegging,butmakingpeoplehappy.Showthatyoulovemusicandthatthemoneyisnotthemostimportantthing.Ifyouplaywithasmileonyourfaceandwithyourfoottapping,you’llgiveoutasenseofhappinesstopassers-by.
找出與以下短語或句子意思相同的短語。
43.wheremanypeoplearewalkingby___________________________
44.Youarenotstoppingpeoplefromwalkingby___________________________
45.wouldbegood___________________________
46.dotoomuchofthis___________________________
47.Peopleareenjoyinglisteningtoyou___________________________
48.lookatthemintheeyes___________________________
49.movingyourfootintimetothemusic___________________________
C
AtthebeginningofthecenturytherewasabigfarmcalledHollywoodRanch.ItwasnearLosAngelesinCalifornia.AfewyearslaterHollywoodwasoneofthefamousplacesintheworld.From1910’stothe1950’sHollywoodwasthefilmcentreoftheworld.Everyfamilyknewthenamesofitsfilmstars----CharlieChaplin,GretaGarbo,Bergmanandhundredsmore.
ThereasonwhypeoplewenttoHollywoodtomakefilmswasthesun.AtfirstpeoplemadefilmsinNewYorkontheeastcoastoftheUnitedStates.
ButthentheyheardaboutLosAngeleswherethereare350daysofsuneveryyear.Astheymadeallthefilmsbysunlight,westcoastwasamuchbetterplacetowork.AlsonearHollywoodyoucanfindmountainsandseaanddesert.Theydidnothavetotravelfartomakeanykindoffilm.
WhenTVbecamepopular,Hollywoodstartedmakingfilmsfortelevision.Thenin1970stheydiscoveredpeoplestillwenttocinematoseebigexpensivefilms.AftertwentyyearstheyarestillmakingfilmsinHollywoodandpeoplewatchthemallovertheworld.
50.Hollywoodusedtobea_______.
A.cinemaB.bigfarmC.parkD.market
51.Inthe1910sHollywoodbecamea_______.
A.famoustheatreB.goodplacetohaveholidays
C.filmcentreD.homeforstars
52.Whowasnotmentionedasafilmstarinthepassage?_______.
A.CharlieChaplinB.MarilyMonroe
C.IngridBergmanD.GretaGarbo
53.PeoplewenttoHollywoodtomakefilmsbecause________.
A.itwasabeautifulplaceB.youcanfindmanyfilmstars
C.therewasalotofsunlightthereD.itwasafamousplace
54.Whichstatementistrue?________
A.TheEastCoastwasabetterplacetomakefilms.
B.TherearenomountainsnearHollywood.
C.Peoplenolongerwenttocinemaaftertelevisionbecamepopular.
D.HollywoodbegantomakefilmsfortelevisionaftertheFirstWorldWar.
D
Abouttheyear1900,asmall,dark-hairboynamedCharlieChaplinwasoftenseenwaitingoutsidethebackentrancesofLondontheatres.Helookedthinandhungry.Hewashopingtogetworkinshowbusiness.Hecouldsinganddance,andaboveall,heknewhowtomakepeoplelaugh.Buthecouldn’tgetworkandthereforewanderedaboutthecitystreets.Sometimeshewassentawaytoahomeforchildrenwhohadnoparents.
ButtwentyyearslaterthissameCharlieChaplinbecamethegreatest,bestknown,andbestlovedcomedianintheworld.AnyregularvisitortothecinemamusthaveseensomeofChaplin’sfilms.Peopleeverywherehavesatandlaughedatthemuntilthetearsrandowntheirfaces.Evenpeoplewhodon’tunderstandEnglishcanenjoyChaplin’sfilmsbecausetheyaremostlysilent.Itisn’twhathesaysthatmakesuslaugh.Hiscomedydoesn’tdependuponwordsorlanguage.Itdependsonlittleactionswhichmeanthesamethingtopeopleallovertheworld.Actingoutwithoutwords,ofcommonhumansituationsplaysanimportantpartinthedancesandplaysofmanycountries.It’sakindofworldlanguage.
ChaplinlivedmostofhislifeinAmericaanddiedinSwitzerlandonChristmasDay1977,attheageofeighty-eight.Therewassadnessallovertheworldatthenewsofhisdeath.
55.Chaplinwasbornin________.
A.AmericaB.SwitzerlandC.EnglandD.France
56.LittledoesChaplin’scomedydependon________.
A.actionsB.actingout
C.commonhumansituationsD.wordsandlanguage
57.OneofthereasonsthatpeopleallovertheworldcanenjoyChaplin’sfilmsisthat_______.
A.mostofthemhavebeentranslatedintodifferentlanguages
B.mostofthemaresilentfilms
C.theyaregoodcomedies
D.mostofthemaregoodsoundfilms
58._______isakindofworldlanguageaccordingtothepassage.
A.ComedyB.Actingoutwithoutwords
C.SilenceD.Films
59.ChaplinisregardedasMasterofcomedymainlybecause_______.
A.heactedoutthecommonhumansituationsbestinhiscomedy
B.hisfilmsaremostlysilent
C.heknewhowtomakepeoplelaugh
D.anyregularvisitorhasseensomeofhisfilms
IV.單句改錯(cuò)
60.Theparentstoldthepolicetheirchildwasmissed.
61.Iamtellingmyfriendtoseethathewantstogotoseeafilmwithme.
62.Theheroinehastosaveherfatherwhotookawaybyakidnapper.
63.Shesaidshecouldn’ttakepartintheparty,butwehadbetterhaveagoodideaandgethergowithus.
64.Anartsfestivalisbeingtakenplaceintheparkofyourcity.
65.IntheworldofJKRowlingmuchofwhathappensarestrange.
66.Actuallywecanlearnalotourselvesandtherealworldbyreadingbooks.
67.Harrylearnstobebraveandtodothingshewasusedtobeafraidof.
68.Hetogetherwithhisfriendsaregoingtoseethefilm“HarryPotter”.
69.Themanhadsostrangeeyesthatwewereafraidtotalkwithhim.
70.SomeoftheboysIinvitedthemdidn’tcome.
71.Anyonewhobreakthelawwillbepunished.
72.HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowFrenchinourschool.
73.Istillrememberthedaywhenwespenttogether.
74.Haveyouaskedherforthereasonwhymayexplainherabsence?
75.Itwasinthekitchenwherethefirebrokeout.
76.Healwaysrefusesdoingwhatheisunwillingto.
77.Thebuildingcompletednextweekwillbeusedasalibrary.
78.Thisproblemisverydifficulttodeal.
79.Inordertonotbelate,hegotupveryearly.
80.Thegirlwassolazythatshealwayshadherclothestobewashed.
V.書面表達(dá):
根據(jù)下面的提示寫一張電影海報(bào)。
Afilmposter
電影:《莎翁情史》
出品日期:1998年
導(dǎo)演:JohnMadden
主演:JosephFiennes,GwynethPaltrow
放映日期:5月15日(星期五)
時(shí)間:18:30
地點(diǎn):超星影院
票價(jià):10元(成人);6元(學(xué)生)
我校圖書館及校辦有售
評(píng)論:“一部非常有趣的喜劇”
“演技卓絕”
“主角和其他演員的表演都很出色”
“情節(jié)緊湊連貫,一氣呵成”
“生動(dòng)地描繪了16世紀(jì)倫敦劇院的生活”
Unit11
三、課文理解1-5DBCAD
四、語法訓(xùn)練
I.單項(xiàng)選擇
1-5DABCB6-10ADAAD
II.把下列句子變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)
11.Mywatchhasbeenbrokenbymylittlesister.
12.HisroomwasbeingcleanedwhenIenteredthehouse.
13.Anotehadbetterbelefttohimbyher.
14.Noattentionwaspaidtome.orIwaspaidnoattentionto.
15.Aletterwaswrittentoherbyhim.
16.Letsmokingbegivenup.
17.Don’tletsuchanovelberead.orLetsuchanovelnotberead.
III.賓語從句
18-22BDCDA23-27BAABA
五、綜合訓(xùn)練
I.基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用
A.1—5ADCAC6—10ABADA
B.11.intelligent12.folks13.spread14.performances15.contains/contained
16.suggested17.tradition18.entertainment19.expressed20.total
II.完形填空
21.slaves;22.with;23.started/began;24.traveled;25.popular;26.sad;
27.feelings;28.in;29.instruments;30.named/called;31.after;32.happier;
33.change/put/turn;34.emotions;35.differently
III.閱讀理解
A.36.c37.f38.b39.e40.d41.a
B.42.ecgfadb
C.43-47CDCCC
D.48-52DABCC
IV.單句改錯(cuò)
53.with----to54.which----inwhich/that55.spreaded----spread
56.Spanish-spoken----Spanish-speaking57.won----beat/defeated
58.pickupyou----pickyouup59.star----stars60.去掉it
61.latest----last62.去掉a
V.書面表達(dá)
BluesandjazzaretwinsfromAfrican-Americanmusicinthe19thcentury.TheystartedinLouisianaandMississippiintheUSAandbecameverypopularinthe20thcentury.Musicianswhoplaybluesandjazzchangethemusictoshowtheiremotions,andsothemusiccanbeplayeddifferentlyeachtime.Theyareenjoyedbythepeopleallovertheworldnowadaysbecauseofhavingstrongemotionalfeelingsinthem.
Bluesexpresssadfeelings,sometimesinafunnyway.Apersonwhosingsthebluesfeelssadpossiblybecauseheorshelostsomething.Peopleplayedbluesfirstwithoneortwoinstrumentsandsometimeswithoutanyinstruments.Jazzcamesoonafterblues.Composersaddedmoremusicalinstruments.Jazzcanbehappierandfaster.
Unit12
三、課文理解1-5CBDAC
四、語法訓(xùn)練
I.單項(xiàng)選擇
1-5DADDC6-10DBCCB11-15CDCAD
II.寫定義
16.April1isaholidaywhichiscalledAprilFool’sDay.
17.Atravelerisapersonwhotravels.
18.Apassengerisatravelerwhotravelsbypublictransportsuchasthebus,boat,planeortrain.
19.Anaircraftisanymachineorstructurewhichcanflyintheairandcarrygoodsorpassengers.
20.Anairbusisanaircraftwhichoperatesregularlyovershortormediumdistances.
III.不定式的語法功能
AD;S;ATT;AD;AD;AD;AD;O;AC;AC;S;P;ATT
IV.補(bǔ)全句子
adfcgbi;eorh
五、綜合訓(xùn)練
I.基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用
A.1-5BCBDD6-10ABABB
B.11.turnedaway12.turneddown13.turnedin14.turnedout15.turnedup
16.turnedinto17.turnedout18.turnto19.turnedover20.Turnover
II.完形填空
21.born;22.As;23.write;24.when;25.with;26.cost;27.success;28.who;29.outer;
30.By;31.well;32.known;33.because;34.tell;35.that/which
III.閱讀理解
A.36.F;37.F;38.T;39.F;40.T;41.T;42.F
B.43.withalotof“peopletraffic”;
44.you’renotinanyone’sway;
45.willdonicely;
46.overdoit;
47.you’vegotanaudience;
48.makeeyecontact;
49.withyourfoottapping
C.50-54BCBCD
D.55-59CDBBA
IV.單句改錯(cuò)
60.missed----missing/gone/lost61.that----if/whether62.took----hasbeentaken
63.go----togo64.beingtaken----taking或takenplace----hosted
65.are----is66.ourselves前加about67.去掉was68.are----is
69.so----such70.去掉them71.break----breaks72.know----knows
73.when----which/that74.why----which/that75.where----that76.doing----todo
77.completed----tobecompleted78.deal----dealwith79.tonot----notto
80.去掉tobe
V.書面表達(dá)
Afilmposter
TITLEOFFILM:ShakespeareinLove
DATEOFFILM:1998
DIRECTOR:JohnMadden
STARS:JosephFiennes,GwynethPaltrow
DATE:Friday15thMay
TIME:18:30
PLACE:SuperstarCinema
TICKETS:10yuan(Adults);6yuan(Students)
fromthelibraryortheOfficeatourschool
OPINIONS:“averyfunnycomedy”
“beautifullyacted”
“excellentactingbythestarsandtheotheractors”
“itneverslowsdownforasecond”
“itgivesalivelyviewofthe16thcenturytheatrelifeinLondon”
精選閱讀
高考英語備考單元知識(shí)搜索與探究歸納Unit12Artandliterature
俗話說,凡事預(yù)則立,不預(yù)則廢。作為高中教師就要早早地準(zhǔn)備好適合的教案課件。教案可以讓學(xué)生們充分體會(huì)到學(xué)習(xí)的快樂,幫助高中教師有計(jì)劃有步驟有質(zhì)量的完成教學(xué)任務(wù)。那么,你知道高中教案要怎么寫呢?經(jīng)過搜索和整理,小編為大家呈現(xiàn)“高考英語備考單元知識(shí)搜索與探究歸納Unit12Artandliterature”,希望能為您提供更多的參考。
2011高考英語備考單元知識(shí)搜索與探究歸納Unit12Artandliterature
自助式復(fù)習(xí)板塊
知識(shí)搜索
A.單詞?
1.文學(xué)作品?(n.)_________________
2.喜劇?(n.)_________________
3.當(dāng)?shù)氐?(adj.)_______________
4.傷痕,疤痕?(n.)________________
5.痛苦的,悲慘的?(adj.)________________
6.展覽?(n.)_________________
7.力量,權(quán)力?(n.)_________________
8.魔力?(n.)_________________
9.惡作劇?(n.)_________________
10.連續(xù),系列?(n.)_________________
11.習(xí)慣?(n.)_________________
12.低聲說?(v.?)_______________
13.肩負(fù),承當(dāng)?(v.?)_______________
14.愚蠢的?(adj.)_______________
15.宣布,公告?(n.)_________________
16.品格,特性?(n.)_________________
17.前額?(n.)_________________
18.對(duì)待,治療?(v.?)_______________
19.村民?(n.)_________________
20.不幸的,不快樂的?(adj.)_______________
答案:1.literature 2.comedy 3.local ?4.scar? 5.miserable 6.exhibition ?7.power? 8.magic 9.trick 10.series 11.habit 12.whisper 13.shoulder ?14.stupid? 15.announcement 16.character?17.forehead? 18.treat 19.villager ?20.unhappy?
B.短語?
21.偶遇,邂逅________________
22.轉(zhuǎn)過身_____________
23.一連串的,一系列的_____________________
24.信任,信仰_______________
25.民間音樂_______________
26.擁有共同的目標(biāo)____________________________
27.聽起來像______________
28.問題的答案______________________________________
29.處于困境中____________
30.急切想找出______________________________________
31.填充______________
32.不僅僅_______________
33.和……不同____________________
34.捉弄某人__________________________
答案:21.comeacross 22.turnaround 23.aseriesof 24.believein 25.folkmusic
26.sharethesamegoals ?27.sound?like 28.theanswertothequestion
29.introuble 30.beeagertofindout 31.fillin 32.morethan 33.bedifferentfrom
34.playtricksonsb.?
C.句型?
35.我正要走,這時(shí)他來了。?
?_________________________
36.我還沒有看完這本書,他就還給圖書館了。?
?______________________________________
37.他別無選擇,只好離開了舅舅家。?
?_______________________________
答案:35.Iwasabouttogowhenhecame.?
36.Hereturnedthebooktothe?library?beforeIhadfinishedreadingit.?
37.Hehadnochoicebuttoleavehisuncleshome.
D.語法?
38.Theywillneverforgetthedays.Duringthedaystheyworkedtogether.?
?_______________________________________
39.Youcanfindasituation.Inthissituationyoucanusethisphrase.?
??________________________________________
答案:38.Theywillneverforgetthedayswhentheyworkedtogether./Theywillneverforgetthedaysduringwhichtheyworkedtogether.?
39.Youcanfindasituationwhereyoucanusethisphrase./Youcanfindasituationinwhichyoucanusethisphrase.
重點(diǎn)聚焦
重點(diǎn)單詞
要點(diǎn)1 habit
Manypeoplearestillin_____habitofwritingsillythingsin______publicplaces.?
A.the; the B./; /
C.the; / D./, the?
解析:根據(jù)詞組“inthehabitof”排除B項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng);后面的是泛指,不需要定冠詞,所以排除A項(xiàng)。?
答案:C?
歸納與遷移?
beinthehabitof慣于,有某種習(xí)慣?
beinahabitof慣于,有某種習(xí)慣?
breakoffthehabitof改掉……的習(xí)慣?
fallintothehabitof養(yǎng)成(染上)某習(xí)慣?
getintothehabitof養(yǎng)成(染上)某習(xí)慣?
formahabitof養(yǎng)成(染上)某習(xí)慣?
fromhabit出于習(xí)慣?
byhabit出于習(xí)慣?
outofhabit出于習(xí)慣?
getsb.intothehabitof使某人染上某嗜好?
getoutofahabit改掉某種習(xí)慣?
kickthehabit(美俚)戒掉毒癮?
knockthehabit(美俚)戒掉毒癮?
makeahabitof使……形成一種習(xí)慣
要點(diǎn)2 compare
_____manypeople,youareluckyindeed.?
A.Comparedwith
B.Comparingwith?
C.Compareto
D.Tocompareto?
解析:“和……相比”要用“comparedwith/to”。?
答案:A?
歸納與遷移?
(1)比較;對(duì)照?
compareonethingwithanother將一物與另一物比較?
(2)比喻;顯出相同之處;比作?
Man’slifeisoftencomparedtoacandle.?
人生常被喻為蠟燭。?
Thepoetcompareshislovertoaroseinhispoems.?
詩人在他詩歌中把他的情人比作玫瑰花。?
(3)(常與with連用)與……比較;比得上?
Walkingcan’tcomparewithflying.?
走路比不上飛行。?
Livinginatowncan’tcomparewithlivinginthecountryinmanyrespects.?
在許多方面在城市生活比不上在鄉(xiāng)村生活。
重點(diǎn)短語
要點(diǎn)1 believein
A_____famousscientistsaid, “Weshouldbelieveinourselvesfirstofall.”?
A.someB.true
C.certainD.certainly?
解析:本句意思是“某個(gè)著名的科學(xué)家說’我們首先應(yīng)該信任自己’”。最大的干擾項(xiàng)是A項(xiàng)。如果橫線前沒有不定冠詞,則A項(xiàng)也對(duì)。?
答案:C?
歸納與遷移?
(1)信仰;信任?
Idon’tbelieveinthestory.
我不相信這件事。?
Webelieveinhim.
我們信任他。?
Doyoubelieveinghosts?
你相信有鬼嗎??
Somepeoplebelieveineverlastinglifeafterdeath.?
有些人相信永生。?
(2)相信?
believeintellingthetruth相信說的是真話?
(3)認(rèn)為(某事物)有價(jià)值?
Idon’tbelieveinlettingchildrendowhatevertheylike.?
我不贊成讓孩子為所欲為。
要點(diǎn)2 introuble
MayI______youtowritealetterforme?Icanneitherreadnorwrite.?
A.worryB.trouble
C.interruptD.excuse?
解析:根據(jù)句意“我可以麻煩你為我寫封信嗎?”。A項(xiàng)的意思是“使擔(dān)憂”;C項(xiàng)的意思是“打斷”;D項(xiàng)的意思是“原諒”。?
答案:B?
歸納與遷移?
fishintroubledwaters渾水摸魚,趁機(jī)取利?
askfortrouble(口)自討苦吃?
getintotrouble招致不幸,陷入困境,遭受處罰?
getoutoftrouble(使)擺脫不幸(困境);(使)免受責(zé)罵(處罰)??
givesb.trouble麻煩人家?
troublesb.forsth.麻煩某人做某事,常用于疑問句
必背句型
要點(diǎn)1 ManyofthecreaturesinRowling’sworldarenotreal, andmuchofwhathappensisstrange. what從句?
Alargecityisbeingsetupin_______wasasmallvillage.
A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whore?
解析:本題考查名詞性從句中what作引導(dǎo)詞的用法。what作引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語,也可以作介詞賓語。其本身也在從句中作主語或賓語等成分。?
答案:A?
歸納與遷移?
名詞性從句中that與what的區(qū)別?
(1)Thathewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.(that在句中不充當(dāng)成分,沒有含義)?
(2)Whatweneedismoretime.(what在句中充當(dāng)成分,有具體的含義)
要點(diǎn)2beabouttodo...when句型?
Hewasabouttotellmethesecret______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.?
A.asB.until
C.whileD.when?
解析:本題考查結(jié)構(gòu)“beabouttodosth....when...”。?
答案:D?
歸納與遷移?
begoingto與will/shall,betodo,beabouttodo的用法及區(qū)別:?
(1)begoingto表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)硪瞿呈拢@種打算往往經(jīng)過事先考慮,甚至已作了某種準(zhǔn)備;?
(2)shall/willdo表示未事先考慮過,即說話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。begoingto表將來,不能用在條件狀語從句的主句中,而will則能,表意愿。?
Ifitisfine,we’llgofishing.(正確)?
Ifitisfine,wearegoingtogofishing.(錯(cuò)誤)?
(3)betodosth.表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等。?
Ameetingistobeheldat3:00o’clockthisafternoon.?
(4)beabouttodosth.表示“即刻,就要”,后面不能接時(shí)間狀語或狀語從句。?
Autumnharvestisabouttostart.
Artandliterature教學(xué)案
俗話說,居安思危,思則有備,有備無患。高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案,這是高中教師的任務(wù)之一。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好的吸收課堂上所講的知識(shí)點(diǎn),幫助高中教師提前熟悉所教學(xué)的內(nèi)容。怎么才能讓高中教案寫的更加全面呢?急您所急,小編為朋友們了收集和編輯了“Artandliterature教學(xué)案”,供您參考,希望能夠幫助到大家。
Unit12Artandliterature
重點(diǎn)詞匯解析
1.literaturen.文學(xué),文學(xué)作品;文獻(xiàn)資料
travelliterature旅行文獻(xiàn);lightliterature大眾文學(xué),輕松有趣的讀物;
literatureasaprofession以文學(xué)為職業(yè);Englishliterature英國文學(xué);
worldliterature世界文學(xué);nativeliterature本族文學(xué);
non-periodicalliterature非刊文獻(xiàn),不屬于期刊上發(fā)表的文章
openliterature公開的文獻(xiàn)資料;supplementaryliterature補(bǔ)充讀物,補(bǔ)充參考書
2.comedyn.喜?。幌矂⌒允录?喜劇作品;喜劇因素
3.localadj地方的;本地的
alocalcustom地方風(fēng)俗;alocalname地名;localnews本地新聞;alocalstation地方電臺(tái)
4.powern
1)體能;智能;能力
2)力量Hispowersarefailing.他的體力在衰退。
3)勢力;影響力;權(quán)力thepoweroflaw法律的威力
4)力;動(dòng)力;功率
electricpower電力
5.magicn.魔法;巫術(shù);魔術(shù);戲法;魅力;魔力
themagicofgreatpoetry偉大詩篇之魅力
adj魔術(shù)的;有魅力的;極好的;美妙的
magicarts魔術(shù)的技藝
6.trickn戲法;把戲;花樣;竅門;訣竅;圈套;詭計(jì);惡作劇
7.seriesn.[sing.,pl.](單復(fù)數(shù)同形)一系列,一連串,一連多次;連續(xù),系列
aseriesofpictures連環(huán)畫;aseriesofbooks叢書
aseriesofcells電池組;seriesofgoodharvests連年豐收;thefirstseries第一輯
8.treatvt,vi
1)對(duì)待;看待
2)處置;用,使用
Glassmustbetreatedcarefully.玻璃必須小心使用。
3)視為;以為Hetreatedhismistakeasajoke.他把他的錯(cuò)誤當(dāng)作玩笑看待。
4)治療totreatanillness
9.habitn
1)(常與of和動(dòng)名詞連用)習(xí)慣;習(xí)性
2)心境;體質(zhì)acheerfulhabitofmind心情愉快
Shewasofleanhabit.她體質(zhì)很瘦。
比較:habit,practice,custom這組名詞一般含義為“習(xí)慣”。
habit指個(gè)人的“習(xí)慣”,通常用于表示做事、思考問題或行為舉止的不自覺的方式方法
Habitissecondnature.習(xí)慣成自然。
practice既可表示個(gè)人的也可表示社會(huì)的“習(xí)慣”,這種“習(xí)慣”從性質(zhì)上看是一種反復(fù)不斷
的或是有選擇性的行為或者方法
custom具有habit和practice的一切含義,此外,custom還包含這樣一層意思:長期而廣
泛采用的行為或方法,即風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,按照某地區(qū)人們共同生活及其行為的準(zhǔn)則或規(guī)范,它不僅
有指導(dǎo)意義,而且具有必須遵循的意義
Dontbeaslavetocustom.不要做風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的奴隸
10.whispervi,vt
1)低聲說;耳語
2)沙沙地響Thewindwhisperedinthepines.風(fēng)在松樹林中颯颯作響。
3)私下說;傳播開來
n.耳語;低語Shesaiditinawhisper.她低聲地說。
11.stupid遲鈍的學(xué)習(xí)或理解慢的;遲鈍的(slowtolearnorunderstand;obtuse.);蠢笨的缺少
智力的或有其特征的(lackingormarkedbyalackofintelligence)
adj愚蠢的,愚笨的,傻的
astupidquestion愚蠢的問題;astupidperson笨蛋
12.announcement宣布,宣布使公開知道的行為(theactofmakingknownpublicly).
n.通[布,預(yù)]告,告示;聲明;言論;談話
makeanannouncement通知
13.charactern
1)字ThecharactersinChinesewritinglooklikesmallpictures.漢字看起來象是一幅幅小圖畫。
2)個(gè)性;特色;(事物的)特性
3)正直;骨氣;守正不阿
4)人;(書、劇中的)人物
重點(diǎn)短語解析
1.aseriesof固定短語,意為“一系列……”
2.introuble處于困境中
其它短語:ask/lookfortrouble自討苦吃maketrouble惹麻煩getintotrouble陷入困境
getsbintotrouble使某人陷入困境takethetroubletodo…費(fèi)神做……
3.comeacross動(dòng)詞短語,意為:偶遇
4.believein相信(……的存在),信任。believe:相信(某人的話/某事)
重點(diǎn)句型解析
1.WelcometotheworldofJKRowling!歡迎來到羅琳世界
welcomev./n./adj./interj.歡迎。常用句型有:
1)welcometo…歡迎來到……例如:
Welcometoourschool!歡迎來到我們學(xué)校!
注意:此句型常誤用為Welcomeyoutoourschool.
2)givesbawarmwelcome熱烈歡迎某人
3)Youarewelcome.不用客氣。不用謝。
2.Harryalsolearnstobebraveandtodothingsheusedtobeafraidof.哈利也變得大膽
了,敢于做過去不敢做的事情。
usedto過去常常(但現(xiàn)在不再如此)
3.Wheresomeoneisbornandwhatapersonlookslikeisnotasimportantaswhathe
orshegrowsuptobe.
一個(gè)人的出生和長相并不重要,重要的是他和她長大后將成為什么樣的人。
句中的Wheresomeoneisborn,whatapersonlookslike和whatheorshegrowsuptobe.
是名詞性從句。名詞性從句由who,what,which,whom,whose等連接代詞和when,where,why,how
等連接副詞以及that,if,whether等引導(dǎo),在句中可作主語、表語、賓語和同位語。
4.Ifonlytheycouldfindawaytogettotheroom,orwhateveritwas,behindthedoor.
要是他們能找到一條通道進(jìn)入墻后的那個(gè)房間,或無論什么地方,該有多好!
1)ifonly用于感嘆句中,表示愿望,意為“要是……就好,但愿……”。句中常用虛擬語氣謂語動(dòng)
詞形式,用一般過去時(shí)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的愿望,用過去完成時(shí)或couldhavedone表示對(duì)過去的愿望,
用過去將來時(shí)表示對(duì)將來的愿望。
2)ifonly“只要”,引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。
Ifonlyitclearsup,we’llgo.只要天一放晴,我們就去。
5.HewasjustabouttosaysomethingwhenPeteturnedaround.他剛想說什么,這時(shí),皮特轉(zhuǎn)過
身來。beabouttodosth.即將。例如:
Iwasjustabouttoleavewhenthetelephonerang.我正要離開,電話鈴響了。
注意:beabouttodosth不能與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用。例如不能說:
Thefilmisabouttostartat7:30.
高考銜接點(diǎn)撥
21、onholiday在度假,在休假中
22、travelagency
23、takeoff1)脫下(衣服等),解(除)掉Hetookoffhiswetshoes.他脫下了濕鞋子。
24.gowrongv.走錯(cuò)路,誤入岐途,(機(jī)器等)發(fā)生故障
25.inalladv.總共
26.stayawayv.外出
27.lookup查詢(如賓語為代詞,則代詞放中間)
Lookupthewordinthedictionary.在字典里查單詞。
相關(guān)詞組:lookfor尋找;lookafter照顧,照料;lookforwardto期待;lookinto調(diào)查;
lookon旁觀;lookout注意;lookoutfor注意,留心,提防;lookover翻閱,查看,檢查;lookaround環(huán)視;lookthrough翻閱,查看。
28、runafter追逐,追求
29、ontheair廣播
30、thinkhighly/well/muchof對(duì)……評(píng)價(jià)很高,贊賞,對(duì)……印象好
thinkbadly/nothing/little/lowlyof……認(rèn)為不好,好……不在意,不贊成,覺得……不怎么樣
31.leaveout1)漏掉Youmadeamistake—You’veleftoutaletter“t”.你出錯(cuò)了—你漏掉了一個(gè)字母t.
2)刪掉,沒用Ihaven’tchangedorleftoutathing.我沒有作出變動(dòng)也沒有刪掉任何東西。
32.stareat(由于好奇、激動(dòng)等張著嘴巴,睜大眼睛地)凝視,盯著看
33.makejokesabout就……說笑
haveajokewith…about…跟某人開關(guān)于某事的玩笑。
Hestoppedtohaveajokewithme.他停下來跟我開玩笑。
playajokeon…開某人的玩笑
45.takeover接管;接替;繼承
46.breakdown
1)破壞;拆散2)(機(jī)器)損壞3)失?。黄屏?)精神崩潰;失去控制Hebrokedownandwept.他不禁失聲痛哭。5)起化學(xué)變化
47、getonone’sfeet
1)站起來;站起來發(fā)言
2)(=standononesfeet)自立,經(jīng)濟(jì)上獨(dú)立
3)(人)病好了,可以起床了;(使)恢復(fù),復(fù)蘇(指企業(yè))
48、gothrough
1)經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受;遭到
2)完成;做完Ididntwanttogothroughcollege.我不想上完大學(xué)。
3)通過;批準(zhǔn)ThelawhasgonethroughParliament.議會(huì)已經(jīng)通過了這項(xiàng)法案。
4)全面檢查;搜查
課堂同步練習(xí)
單項(xiàng)選擇
1.We________therewhenit_______torain.
A.weregetting,wouldbeginB.wereabouttoget,began
C.hadgot,hadbegunD.wouldget,began
2.Noneoftheclocksintheoldsectionofthecityworkanymore,butthey_____perfectly.
A.wereusedtoworkB.wereusedtoworking
C.wereusedtobeworkingD.usedtowork
3.–Iusuallygotherebytrain.--Whynot_____byboatforachange?
A.totrygoingB.tryingtogo
C.trytogoD.trygoing
4.Ihaveformedthe______ofgettingupearly.
A.practiceB.custom
C.habitD.way
5.Wecouldn’teatinarestaurantbecause____ofushad______moneyonus.
A.all,noB.any,no
C.noone,anyD.none,any
6.ThenumberofthestudentstakingpartintheEnglishCorner,_____wehadexpected,was
wellabovetwohundred.
A.thatB.likeC.whomD.as
7.Iknowheisanhonestman.ThatiswhyI_____himallthetime.ButIdon’t______
whathetoldmejustnow.
A.believe,believeB.believein,believeto
C.believe,believeinD.believein,believe
8.Thiswas________thatIhadseenitseveraltimes.
A.soaninterestingfilmB.suchaninterestingfilm
C.suchinterestingafilmD.sointerestinganfilm
9.WhilehestudiedinAmerica,he_____manyforeignfriends.
A.tookB.madeC.keepD.recognized
10.Ithink____ispossibleforustogotothemoonsomeday.
A.thatB.itC.thisD.what
SBIAUnit12Artandliterature考點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)教案
一名愛崗敬業(yè)的教師要充分考慮學(xué)生的理解性,作為教師就要好好準(zhǔn)備好一份教案課件。教案可以保證學(xué)生們?cè)谏险n時(shí)能夠更好的聽課,幫助教師掌握上課時(shí)的教學(xué)節(jié)奏。您知道教案應(yīng)該要怎么下筆嗎?為了讓您在使用時(shí)更加簡單方便,下面是小編整理的“SBIAUnit12Artandliterature考點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)教案”,相信能對(duì)大家有所幫助。
SBIAUnit12Artandliterature
哈利波特
素材新挖掘
考點(diǎn)1.treatvt.對(duì)待;視為;治療;款待
Hisparentsaredeadandheliveswithafamilythattreatshimbadly.
Mymotheralwaystreatsuslikechildren.
我媽媽總把我們當(dāng)孩子看待。
treatvt.vi.對(duì)待;看待;處置;使用
treatsb.asafriend把某人當(dāng)成朋友
treatsbtosth宴請(qǐng),招待,款待
treatvt.vi.治療
treatn.請(qǐng)客
treatmentn.對(duì)待;治療
(1)He__________(當(dāng)作)hismistakeasajoke.
(2)Ill__________(招待)myselftoasunbath.
(3)Theboywas__________(治療)forburnsatthehospital.
(4)他殘忍地對(duì)待這只動(dòng)物。(寫作小練筆:主謂賓;cruelly)
______________________________________
treated
treat
treated
Hetreatedtheanimalcruelly.
Ireallycantunderstand_____herlikethat.
A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating
D。
treat“對(duì)待”。understand后接“動(dòng)詞+-ing形式”或“動(dòng)詞+-ing形式”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語。“動(dòng)詞+-ing形式”的
復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語時(shí),可以用物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。
考點(diǎn)2.whispern.耳語;私語vi.耳語;密談vt.低聲說
“Didyouhearthat?”hewhispered.
Whathappenedinthefactoryisbeingwhisperedaboutthe
neighborhood.
工廠里發(fā)生的事正在附近居民中私下傳說。
whispervi.vt.低聲說;耳語;私下說
whispervi.沙沙地響
whispervi.vt.傳播開來
inawhisper耳語;低語
Itiswhisperedthat...據(jù)秘密傳聞……
(1)Heis____________(耳語)tohisneighbor.
(2)Thewind___________(颯颯作響)inthepines.
(3)Hisadventureshavebeenwhisperedeverywhere.(英譯漢)
___________________________________
(4)Thetwogirls_______________(低聲說話)inthelibrary.
Mum______tous,“Bequiet!Yourlittlesister’ssleeping.
A.whisperedB.shoutedC.explainedD.replied
A。
此題考查動(dòng)詞辨析。whispertosb.“向某人耳語”。
考點(diǎn)3.charactern.品格;特性;(小說、戲劇等中的)人物
Whenyoureadastory,remembertolookcarefullyforthefollowingthings:maincharacters…
Wearesupposedtodressupasmoviecharactersfortheparty,whatanovelidea!
我們?cè)谕頃?huì)上要裝扮得像電影中的角色,這是一個(gè)多么新奇的主意啊!
whispering
whispered
他的冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷都傳遍了。
werewhispering
character(C)字
character(C/U)個(gè)性
character(C/U)特點(diǎn)
character(C)(戲中的)人物;怪人
characteristicadj.n.特有的;特性
(1)Ifindallthe____________(人物)inhisnewplayveryreal.
(2)The____________(漢字)inChinesewritinglooklikesmall
pictures.
(3)Hehasastrongbutgentle____________(性格).
(4)Thenewbuildingshavechangedthe____________(特點(diǎn))ofthe
village.
考點(diǎn)4.introuble處于困境中;有麻煩
Hisfriendshelphimwhenheisintrouble.
Youllbeintroubleifyoudontwatchyourstep.
你要是不謹(jǐn)慎從事就要倒霉了。
characters
characters
character
character
introuble處于困境中;有麻煩
askfortrouble找麻煩(=lookfortrouble)
beintroubleswith和……鬧糾紛
getintotrouble陷入困境;遭受處罰
getoutoftrouble(使)擺脫不幸(困境)
maketrouble鬧事;搗亂
maketroublefor給……帶來麻煩
putoneselfto(the)trouble不怕麻煩;愿意費(fèi)力
(1)Nothinggiveshimmorepleasurethanhelpingsomeone
____________(陷入困境).
(2)Ourteacheralwaystellsustohelpthosewhoare___________
(遇到麻煩).
(3)我們應(yīng)該幫助陷入困境的人。(寫作小練筆:主謂賓;those)
________________________________
introuble
introuble
Weshouldhelpthoseintrouble.
考點(diǎn)5.comeacross偶然遇見;碰上
Themagic,manystrangecreaturesandtheadventuresHarrycomesacrossatHogwartshelphimunderstandtherealworld.
Icameacrossmyoldcollegeroommateintowntoday.
今天在鎮(zhèn)上遇到我大學(xué)的老同學(xué)。
comeacross偶遇;碰到(=comeupon);受歡迎
howcome怎么
comeabout發(fā)生
comedown傳遞;傳給
(1)Yourlecture____________(受歡迎)verywell;everyonelikedit.
(2)Harry______________(遇到)aseriesofadventuresintheplay.
(3)Wevejustcomeacrossanoldfriendwehaventseenfor
ages.(替換)_____________
(4)我們碰巧有一次見過這篇文章。
(寫作小練筆:主謂賓(todo);happento,article)
__________________________________________________
cameacross
comesacross
metwith
Wehappenedtohavecomeacrossthearticleonce.
考點(diǎn)6.believein信任;信仰;支持;贊成
Youmustbelieveinwhatyoudoandwhoyouareifyouwanttosucceedintheworld----themagicworldofHogwartsandtherealone.
Iwillcauseotherstobelieveinme,becauseIwillbelieveinthem,andinmyself.
我要讓別人信賴我,因?yàn)槲視?huì)信賴他人,也信任自己。
believein信任;信仰;支持;贊成
believesb.相信某人的話
believesth/that…相信
trustsb.信賴某人
believeme真的,相信我的話吧
(1)Idont________(相信)inthestory.
(2)Somepeople________(相信)ineverlastinglifeafterdeath.
(3)Idont_________(贊成)inlettingchildrendowhatevertheylike.
(4)他們都相信共產(chǎn)主義。(寫作小練筆:主謂+介詞;communism)
___________________________________
believe
believe
believe
Theyallbelieveincommunism.
考點(diǎn)7.ifonly要是……就好了;但愿
Ifonlytheycouldfindawaytogettotheroom,orwhateveritwas,behindthewall.
他們要是能夠找到一條通道進(jìn)入墻壁后面的那個(gè)房間,或無論什么地方,該多好!
Ifonlyshewouldgowithme!
她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!
ifonly要是……就好,但愿(用于虛擬語氣)
onlyby…can只有……才能(用于倒裝句)
onlyfor(=butfor)要是沒有
onlyif只有……才能
漢譯英:
(1)要是我知道他的地址就好了。(address)
_________________________________
(2)我要是有你的頭腦就好了。(brain)
_________________________________
IfonlyIknewhisaddress.
IfonlyIhadyourbrain.
(3)我會(huì)開車就好了。(drive)
_________________________________
(4)要是她寫信給我就好了。(write)
_________________________________
考點(diǎn)8.HewasjustabouttosaysomethingwhenPeterturnedaround.
他正想說什么,這時(shí)皮特突然轉(zhuǎn)過身來。
Iwasabouttoleavewhensuddenlyitrained.
我正要離開,就在這時(shí)突然下起雨來。
was/wereabouttodo…when正要……這時(shí)
am/is/areabouttodo準(zhǔn)備,將要
betodo將要干(按照計(jì)劃)
begoingtodo將要干;打算
bedoing將要干
willdo將要干
IfonlyIcoulddrive.
Ifonlyshe’dwrittentome.
(1)Thefilm_________(就要)tostart.
(2)Iwasjustabouttoexplain_________(這時(shí))sheinterruptedme.
(3)會(huì)議即將開始。(寫作小練筆:主系表;begin)
______________________________________
(4)----Thephoneisringing.
----Sitstill.I_______itup.
A.willpickB.amgoingtopick
C.amtopickD.amabouttopick
A。willdo表示馬上干。
isabout
when
Themeetingisabouttobegin.
高考英語Units11~12 Thesoundsoftheworld Artandliterature知識(shí)
Units11~12 Thesoundsoftheworld Artandliterature
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空
1.Idon’tlikerockmusic.________atrockconcertsisnoiseandflashinglight.
A.AllthereisB.AllitisC.WhatisthereD.Whatisit
答案:A
2.Beer________alcohol;drinkingtoomuchofitwilldoharmtothehealth.
A.includesB.containsC.holdsD.remains
解析:contain側(cè)重于指“包含……以作為整體的全部”;include則指“包含……以作為整體的部分”。
答案:B
3.Sheneverstudies.________,sheplaystennisallday.
A.HoweverB.BesidesC.InsteadD.Anyway
解析:however意為“然而”;besides作連詞時(shí)意為“并且、況且”;instead意為“相反的”,常用于表對(duì)比;anyway則意為“無論如何”,由文中前后句間的關(guān)系可知答案。
答案:C
4.You’dbetternotphonethemanagerbetween7and8tomorrowevening;he________animportantmeetingthen.
A.willhaveB.wouldhaveC.willbehavingD.willhavehad
解析:由句意“……他那時(shí)會(huì)在開會(huì)”可知,此處表達(dá)的應(yīng)是將來(明晚7~8點(diǎn))正在做某事,故應(yīng)用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu):willbedoing。
答案:C
5.Ibeggedhertowearsomethingelse,whenshewas________forParents’Dayinatightfittingbullfighter’spants.
A.dressingB.dressedC.puttingonD.wearing
解析:在表“穿衣”方面wear一詞指狀態(tài);puton則指“穿上”的動(dòng)作;dress當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),后常跟sb./oneself;當(dāng)不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),意為“穿衣;著晚禮服”,常形成dressfor(dinner,party,meeting)意為“穿衣去……”。
答案:A
6.Itlooksallrightintheory,butitwon’t________inpractice.
A.useB.matterC.careD.work
解析:workvi.“(機(jī)器等)開動(dòng),運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);(想法,計(jì)劃等)行得通;有效,起作用”。由句意“它理論上看起來正確,但在實(shí)踐中不會(huì)起作用”可知,此處work應(yīng)為“有效,起作用”。
答案:D
7.Idon’tlikeherbutifshe’sthepeople’s________forpresidentI’llobeyher.
A.favouriteB.choiceC.a(chǎn)greementD.meaning
答案:B
8.Mothersaretalkative.It’sperfectly________togetangrywithyourmothersometimes.
A.madB.goodC.ordinaryD.normal
解析:由句意“母親們都太善談,故而有時(shí)與母親發(fā)急亦是正常的”可知,答案只能從ordinary和normal中選。normal側(cè)重于“正規(guī)的;正常的;標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的”;ordinary則側(cè)重于“普普通通的;不特殊的”,其反義詞為special。由此可得答案。
答案:D
9.Atthestreetcorner,anyonewhowasseencarryingabag,abox,or________,wasstoppedbythepolice.
A.whatitisB.whateveritisC.whatthereisD.whateverthereis
解析:whatever常放于or之后,意為“或是任何其他東西”。
答案:B
10.________withmanywomen,Janewasindeedveryfortunate.
A.ComparingB.TocompareC.TobecomparedD.Compared
解析:comparedto/with為固定搭配,意為“與……相比”。
答案:D
Ⅱ.完形填空
Thereweremanypeoplestandingontheplatform,butJeffcouldseehisgrandfatherstandingnearthebackofthe__1__.EachsummerJeffspentamonthwithhimattheseashore.
Grandpa’soldtruck__2__infrontofthecottage,Grandpasmiledandnoddedhisheadtowardthe__3__.“Goon,”hesaidwithasmile,“andI’llget__4__on.”
SandmovedandsettledunderJeff’sfeetashewalkedalongthebeach.Heclosedhiseyesandtookadeepbreathofsaltyair.Suddenlythe__5__wasbroken,heheardwhoosh,whoosh,whoosh.Andhe__6__abigseagullflyingaroundhishead,darting(沖)athim.“Aaawk,”itcried,swooping(撲)downagainandagain.
__7__hisheadwithhisarms,JeffrushedbacktoGrandpa’scottage.Grandpahadpreparedadelicioussupper.AfterwardtheysatbythefireandJefftoldhimabouttheseagull.“Itsurelyhadareasonto__8__thatway,”Grandpasaid.“Iwonder__9__itis.”
Thenextmorning,sunlightshonewarmandbrightasJeff__10__returnedtothebeachinsearchofinterestingstones,shells,orpiecesofdriftwood.Onceagain,though,hesoonfoundhimselfunder__11__.“Goaway!”Jeffshouted,clappingloudlytopersuadethe__12__seagulltoleave.Insteaditswoopedevencloser.AndJeffhadtoscramble(爬)undersomenearbybushes.
Thereheheardasofterbird__13__“Eeeep!”Gentlypushingbranchesaside,hesawa__14__seagull.Itsfeetweretrappedinplasticrings,thetypethatislikecocabottles.
“Nowonderyourmom’supset,”Jeffsaid.Carefullyhe__15__therings.Atfirstcryingandshaking,thebirdsoon__16__,acceptinghelp.
Finallyfree,thebirdmoveditswingsontothesandcheering,“Eeep!”
“Aawk,”itsmother__17__,swoopingdown.Togethertheyflewupintothebluesky.
JeffrantotellGrandpathe__18__.“Nowyoucancollectyourrocksinpeace,”Grandpasaid.
Takingholdofabag,Jeffsaid,“IthinkI’llcollectsome__19__first.”
GrandpalookedatJeffwith__20__eyes.“MindifIjoinyou?”
1.A.crowdB.trainC.queueD.seats
答案:A
2.A.loadedB.passedC.repairedD.parked
答案:D
3.A.cottageB.beachC.truckD.hill
答案:B
4.A.luggageB.fireC.supperD.cloth
答案:C
5.A.walkB.peaceC.thoughtD.silence
答案:B
6.A.knewB.discoveredC.learnedD.saw
答案:D
7.A.BowingB.ShakingC.CoveringD.Turning
答案:C
8.A.cryB.a(chǎn)ctC.flyD.respond
答案:B
9.A.whatB.whyC.howD.where
答案:A
10.A.bravelyB.carefullyC.quietlyD.lonely
答案:A
11.A.influenceB.pressureC.guardD.a(chǎn)ttack
答案:D
12.A.unfortunateB.unfriendlyC.unacceptableD.unlikely
答案:B
13.A.songB.noiseC.soundD.movement
答案:C
14.A.youngB.weakC.poorD.wild
答案:A
15.A.untiedB.unfoldedC.uncoveredD.unpacked
答案:A
16.A.disappearedB.controlledC.recoveredD.calmed
答案:D
17.A.screamedB.shoutedC.repliedD.greeted
答案:C
18.A.messageB.newsC.resultD.lesson
答案:B
19.A.waterB.shellsC.energyD.litter
答案:D
20.A.watchfulB.criticalC.newD.big
答案:C
Ⅲ.閱讀理解
Makinganadvertisementfortelevisionoftencostsmorethanamovie.Forexample,atwohourmoviecosts?6milliontomake.ATVcommercialcancostmorethan?6000asecond.Andthatdoesnotincludecostofpayingforairtime(電視節(jié)目開始的時(shí)間).Whichismorevaluable,theprogramorthead?Intermsofmoney—andmakingmoneyiswhattelevisionisallabout—thecommercialisbyfarthemoreimportant.
Research,markettesting,talent,timeandmoney—allcometogethertomakeuswanttobuyaproduct.Nomatterhowbadwethinkacommercialis,itworks.ThesalesofCharmwentuponcetheadsbegan.TVcommercialsactuallybuytheirwayintoourhead.We,inturn,buytheproduct.
Andtheadsworkbecausesomuchtimeandattentionaregiventothem.Herearesomerulesofcommercialadmaking.Ifyouwanttogetthelowmiddleclassbuyer,makesuretheannouncerhasatough,manlyvoice.Putsomepeopleintheadwhoworkwiththeirhands.Ifyouwanttoselltoupperclassaudience,makesurethatthehouse,thefurniture,andthehairstylearethetypesthatthegroupidentifies(識(shí)別)with.Ifyouwantthebuyertofeelsuperiortothecharactersellingtheproduct,thenmakethatpersonsostupidorsillythateveryonewillfeelgreatabouthimselforherself.
Welaughatcommercials.Wedon’tthinkwepaythatmuchattentiontothem.Butevidenceshowswearekiddingourselves.Themakingofacommercialthatcostssomuchmoneyisnotkidstuff.It’sbig,bigbusiness.Andit’stellinguswhattothink,whatweneed,andwhattobuy.Toputitsimply,theTVcommercialisaformofbrainwashing.
1.TVcommercialsaremoreimportantthanotherprogramstotelevisionsbecause________.
A.theybringingreatprofits
B.theyrequirealotofmoneytomake
C.theyarenotdifficulttoproduce
D.theyattractmoreviewersthanotherprograms
解析:從文章整體來看,強(qiáng)調(diào)了商業(yè)廣告的是重要的,目的是為掙錢。參看文章第一段最后一句話。
答案:A
2.ThepurposeofalltheeffortsmadeinproducingTVcommercialsis________.
A.topersuadepeopletobuytheproduct
B.toshowhowvaluabletheproductis
C.totestthemarketvalueoftheproduct
D.tomakethemasinterestingasTVmovies
解析:題干強(qiáng)調(diào)的是電視商業(yè)廣告的目的,很明顯是讓消費(fèi)者購買。
答案:A
3.Fromtherulessetformakingcommercialads,wecanseethat________.
A.thelowermiddleclassbuyerlikestoworkwithhishand
B.themorestupidthecharacters,themorebuyersoftheproduct
C.a(chǎn)ddesignersattractdifferentpeoplewithdifferentskills
D.a(chǎn)nupperclassbuyerismoreinterestedinhousesandfurniturethanalowermiddleclassbuyer
解析:注意題干中有一詞rules,可參看文章第三段。第二句開始講述對(duì)不同階層的人電視廣告要采用不同的方法,其目的就是要吸引不同的人購買物品。
答案:C
4.Itisbelievedbythewriterthat________.
A.fewpeopleliketowatchTVcommercials
B.TVcommercialsareagoodguidetobuyers
C.TVcommercialsoftenmakepeoplelaugh
D.peopledonotthinkhighlyofTVcommercials
解析:閱讀整篇文章不難看出人們對(duì)電視廣告的態(tài)度并不是很好。A中fewpeople不正確;B中g(shù)oodguide不正確;C中often不正確。
答案:D