小學(xué)三年英語(yǔ)教案

2010屆高三英語(yǔ)Planningfortheperfectwedding教案3。

Chapter3.PlanningfortheperfectWedding-Listening,Speaking,Language,Writing

一、章節(jié)分析（SectionAnalysis）

(一)綜述

本章節(jié)是語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用部分。通過聽，說，寫方面的訓(xùn)練，提高學(xué)生語(yǔ)言詞匯方面的能力，加強(qiáng)他們運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言知識(shí)來(lái)表達(dá)思想感情的能力。教會(huì)學(xué)生掌握和運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句。學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)寫段落。

（二）目標(biāo)

Listening

幫助學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)通過聽一段內(nèi)容很快找到具體信息。

Speaking

幫助學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)在各種情況下，以恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)言進(jìn)行小組討論，學(xué)會(huì)如何引入各類不同話題，并在小組成員各種不同的表現(xiàn)的情況下，順利地引導(dǎo)討論的進(jìn)行，并最終得出討論的結(jié)論。

Language

指導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句；限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

Writing

1學(xué)會(huì)寫段落。（每個(gè)段落寫八至十句話。）

2學(xué)會(huì)一個(gè)paragraph應(yīng)包括：1.主題句（主要觀點(diǎn)）；2.進(jìn)一步說明或描述觀點(diǎn)；（2-4句）3.舉例來(lái)論證觀點(diǎn)。（2-4句）

3可以這樣寫段落：1敘述性寫作（不同的階段）2議論法（論證觀點(diǎn)）3提供信息法（不同的主題和步驟）4描述法（描述事物，人，地點(diǎn)）

（三）重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)

Listening

確保學(xué)生掌握如下詞匯：Page44:economy,attendance,package,album,standard,superior,reception

幫助學(xué)生知道：PhotographicStudio,WeddingPresentList,HoneymoonHoliday,WeddingSeatingPlan,Anniversaries

Speaking

學(xué)會(huì)在小組成員表現(xiàn)各異的情況下順利引導(dǎo)討論的進(jìn)行，并掌握一些有用的句型。

Language

幫助學(xué)生掌握關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句；限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

Writing

根據(jù)要求寫出段落。敘述法/議論法/描述法/提供信息法。

二、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)（TeachingDesigns）

教學(xué)內(nèi)容教學(xué)實(shí)施建議教學(xué)資源參考

Listening材料的整合：將課本第43頁(yè)和課本第56頁(yè)上的聽力材料整合。兩份材料都是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生找到具體的信息。

Pre-listening在聽之前，創(chuàng)設(shè)環(huán)境，要求學(xué)生明確聽力任務(wù)（recognizekeywords），掃清在聽力材料中出現(xiàn)的困難詞匯(economy,attendance,package,standard,superior,reception…)，提高聽的效果。

While-listening誘發(fā)興趣，增強(qiáng)聽的動(dòng)力。

Post-listening要求學(xué)生小組活動(dòng)，找一份伊麗沙白二世女王登基50周年慶典的文章，一人給出提綱，并朗讀，其余人進(jìn)行記錄，看是否能很快找到具體信息。

具體處理這部分內(nèi)容的建議如下。

ElizabethIIbecamequeenoftheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandin1952.InadditionsheisheadoftheCommonwealth.Formorethan50years,duringaperiodofgreatchangeinBritain,thequeenhascarriedoutherpoliticaldutiesasheadofstate,theceremonialresponsibilitiesofthesovereignandalargeannualprogrammeofvisitsintheUnitedKingdomaswellasnumerousforeigntours.In2002,Elizabethcelebratedhergoldenjubilee(50yearsonthethrone)andin2006her80thbirthday.

《牛津英語(yǔ)教學(xué)參考》Page44,Page56

Speaking注意語(yǔ)音，語(yǔ)調(diào)，升調(diào)和降調(diào)并操練。RolePlay

LanguageAClauseswithwho,whom,that,whichandwhose

BDefiningandnon-definingclauses

CAdditionalactivity:Combinethepairsofsentences,makinganynecessarychanges.

1.Tomdidnotdowellatschool.Hewasinterestedinfilms.

Tom,whowasinterestedinfilms,didnotdowellatschool.(non-defining)

2.Theboyfeltill.Hehadeatensixice-creams.

Theboywhohadeatensixice-creamsfeltill.(defining)

WritingUsingParagraphs

Thissectionreviewssomeofthewaysinwhichweuseparagraphs.

Usethepassageonpages40-41asanexampleofgoodparagraphing.Mostoftheparagraphsinthatpassagestartwithatopicsentencewhichtellsthereaderwhatthatparagraphwillbeabout.

Ifawriterhasagoodplan,he/shewillfinditeasytouseparagraphs.Ifawriterhasnoplan,andjustwriteswithoutknowingwhatwillcomenext,itwillbemoredifficulttouseparagraphsinanorderedway.Thusparagraphingiscloselylinkedtoplanning.

Paragraphsareveryimportantinthevisualappearanceofapieceofwriting.Noonelikestoreadasolidpageoftextwithoutanyparagraphs.(Thisincludesexaminers.)Studentsareunlikelytolosemarksforhavingtoomanyparagraphs,buttheymaylosemarksinthecompositioniftheyhavenoparagraphsatall,orveryfew.

Thetaskforthischapterisrelativelysimple.Thisisdeliberate,sothatstudentscanconcentrateonparagraphingskills.Letstudentsdiscusstheirstories,andlistunluckyandluckyincidentswhichcouldhappentopeople.Theneachstudentmustmakehisorherownplanandwritethestory.

具體處理這部分內(nèi)容的建議見[鏈接2]。參考教參P54

說明：

建議聽說結(jié)合：在說的基礎(chǔ)上，引入聽的內(nèi)容，要求學(xué)生掌握l(shuí)ocatespecificinformation的技巧。

Listening

1Pre-listening(page44)

1)Getfamiliarwiththenewwords(economy,attendance,package,album,standard,superior,reception).

2)Introducethetasktothestudents.Thisexerciseprovidespracticeinthetypeoflisteningtaskswhichoftenoccurinexams.

2Whilelistening

1)Accordingtotheoutline,requirestudentstolocatespecificinformation.

2)Playthroughtherecordingonce,andgetstudentstotrytoanswerthequestionsafterhearingthemjustonce(asintheexam).Thenreplaytherecordingasoftenasisnecessaryforstudentstounderstanditfully.

3)Thereisanotherexerciseonpage56.Dothelistening.

3Post-listening

Afterthelistening,explaintheanswers.

說明：

通過這一部分的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)寫段落，寫三個(gè)或以上段落，打好寫作的基礎(chǔ)。

Writing

StepOnePre-writing---tointroducestructuresandthewaysofwritingparagraphs.

Atypicalparagraphcanhavethisstructure:

Topicsentence:givesamainidea

2-4sentences:explainordescribetheideamore

2-4sentences:givesomeexamplestosupportyouridea

Youcanuseparagraphsinthisway:

a.Innarrativewriting:fordifferentstagesinastory

b.Inargumentativewriting:fordifferentideasinyourargument

c.Ininformativewriting:fordifferenttopicsorstepsinaprocess

d.Indescriptivewriting:fordifferentitems,peopleorplaces

StepTwoWhile-writing

Studentscanhavetwoormoreparagraphsonthesametopic,ifnecessary.

Studentsmuststartanewparagraphforanewspeaker(whentheyareusingdirectspeech.)

Iftheyhaveagoodplan,itwillbeeasierforthemtodecidewhentostartanewparagraph.

StepThreePost-writing

Studentscheckiftheyhaveusedthestructureandwaysmentionedabove.

Studentspresenttheirwritings.

Studentsthenknewwhichisbetter,thusimprovingtheirwritingparagaphs.

精選閱讀

2010屆高三英語(yǔ)Lawsandregulations教案

Unit3LawsandRegulations

單元分析(UnitAnalysis)

(一)單元地位(UnitPosition)

1.本課對(duì)美國(guó)青少年犯罪率上升的原因做以分析，對(duì)青少年犯罪的懲罰和改造進(jìn)行探討；并通過美國(guó)一家青少年勞役營(yíng)（BootCamp）進(jìn)行詳細(xì)觀察和描述。改造后的青少年踏入社會(huì)后能否獲得新生將是更大的挑戰(zhàn)。

2.本課主要圍繞犯罪原因和懲罰的方式探討。對(duì)青少年的更加傾向用改造來(lái)代替懲罰—青少年勞役營(yíng)。并對(duì)青少年勞役營(yíng)具體的改造方法進(jìn)行介紹。

3.本課的structure介紹了英語(yǔ)的構(gòu)詞法—派生（derivation）。通過對(duì)一個(gè)單詞加上相應(yīng)的前綴（prefix）或后綴(suffix),從而派生出不同詞性但意義相關(guān)的單詞。了解這種構(gòu)詞方法可以放大學(xué)生的詞匯量，提高閱讀能力。

4.設(shè)計(jì)詞根，對(duì)相關(guān)的單詞進(jìn)行前綴和后綴的變化。讓學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)不同前綴或后綴對(duì)單詞意義變化的影響。

(二)單元目標(biāo)(UnitTarget)

1通過構(gòu)詞法拓寬英語(yǔ)的詞匯量，從而提高閱讀速度，準(zhǔn)確把握理解內(nèi)容。

2分析青少年犯罪的原因，提出應(yīng)對(duì)青少年犯罪的方法。

3談?wù)撟约簩?duì)青少年犯罪的懲罰或改造的理解和建議

組織辯論：懲罰---改造

如何防微杜漸，做遵紀(jì)守法的青少年和公民。

(三)單元重點(diǎn)(UnitPoints)

1關(guān)鍵詞：

◆語(yǔ)言知識(shí)類

Gothrough,combinewith,preventfrom,appealto,bebeingtreated,bereluctantto,comeacross,intheshortrun,acure-allfor,getintotrouble,turnoveranewleaf,makeourworkworthwhile,manageto,fightagainst.

◆交際功能類

1)法律術(shù)語(yǔ)：bootcamp,youngoffender,drugabuse,strictdiscipline,educationcounsel,,returntocrime.

2)生活詞匯：familybackground,adult-style,tough-guyattitude,berealistic,bad(real)environment,thebeginningofanewlife,brokenhomes,successstories,realhero.

2功能：

●He’sbeentheresincetheprogrammewasinitiated.

●That’sprobablywhysomebootcamp“graduates”windupgettingintotroubleagain.

●Therealsuccessesarethosekidswhomustreturnto……..

●Whostillmanagetoturnoveranewleafbygoingbacktoschoolandfindingjobs.

●Theymakeourjobworthwhile.

二、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(TeachingDesigns)

教學(xué)內(nèi)容教學(xué)實(shí)施建議教學(xué)資源參考

1Reading本單元圖片以模擬法庭辯護(hù)為題材，給教師較大的課堂活動(dòng)空間?？梢宰寣W(xué)生分組討論青少年犯罪的根源和如何對(duì)待青少年犯罪。組織正反兩方進(jìn)行法庭模擬的辯論，并評(píng)出優(yōu)勝小組，極大調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生課堂的積極參與熱情。

對(duì)圖片內(nèi)容展開聯(lián)想，引出相關(guān)法律詞匯，提高學(xué)生表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確性，

在此基礎(chǔ)上，閱讀并講解課文，使學(xué)生對(duì)青少年犯罪的根源有教具體的認(rèn)識(shí)和分析。對(duì)根治青少年犯罪的困難有更深刻的理解，從而喚起社會(huì)對(duì)青少年的改造的責(zé)任和社會(huì)義務(wù)。

頭腦風(fēng)暴法的操作建議課文35頁(yè)

Highlights部

分。

借助于A1,A2,B,C1和C2部分理解練習(xí)對(duì)課文進(jìn)行更深刻的理解和掌握。

2Listening教材的聽力部分是一段采訪的錄音，可讓學(xué)生更多的了解青少年勞役營(yíng)情況，以及勞役營(yíng)在青少年罪犯教育和改造方面的積極作用。課文第42頁(yè)——ListeningPractice

3Speaking以“areport”為主題設(shè)計(jì)的3個(gè)活動(dòng)。

活動(dòng)一：根據(jù)聽力的前半部分內(nèi)容討論4項(xiàng)內(nèi)容（兩人一組）

活動(dòng)二：聽報(bào)告的后半部分內(nèi)容。

活動(dòng)三：組織辯論：Juveniledelinquentwouldbebetteroffinfosterhomesthanincorrectionalbootcamps.

辯論的一些具體教學(xué)建議。課文第44頁(yè)——SpeakingPractice

4Writing本部分內(nèi)容——在描述過程中要利用specificnounsandstrongverbs達(dá)到描述的生動(dòng)性，避免泛泛而談。隱喻和借代在描述中有很強(qiáng)的表達(dá)性。并通過書本相關(guān)練習(xí)加以反饋，了解學(xué)生的掌握程度。課文第46頁(yè)——Writing部分

5Structure派生詞是本單元的語(yǔ)法教學(xué)。通過詞綴的類別和意義的介紹，可豐富學(xué)生的詞匯量和對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的感悟。

派生詞的教學(xué)建議。課文第40頁(yè)——Structure部分

6Additional

Reading本部分與課文內(nèi)容直接相關(guān)，建議放在最后一課時(shí)。

本文出現(xiàn)的重要詞匯與詞組：remain,inuse,becaughtcommittingcrimes,alaw-abidingcitizen,puttodeath,doawaywith,comeintoquestion,takeresponsibility,risklosinglittle,wipeout,

重要句型：ifcaughtbypolice

Itcanalsobearguedthat….

對(duì)于“crimeandpunishment”的主題，讓學(xué)生展開討論，列舉對(duì)于懲罰和改造的利弊。

話題討論的教學(xué)建議課文第48頁(yè)——AdditionalReading

說明：

利用“頭腦風(fēng)暴”是提供學(xué)生積極思維的好機(jī)會(huì)，這一環(huán)節(jié)的運(yùn)用既能發(fā)揮學(xué)生的積極主動(dòng)性，又能使學(xué)生在小組活動(dòng)中互幫互助。以小組活動(dòng)方式呈現(xiàn)合作結(jié)果，讓全體學(xué)生都對(duì)有關(guān)“法律和法規(guī)”的詞匯加以回顧與復(fù)習(xí)，對(duì)新的詞匯加以補(bǔ)充與學(xué)習(xí)

辯論的準(zhǔn)備

1.教師把學(xué)生分成若干小組。時(shí)間控制在2分鐘。

2在“頭腦風(fēng)暴”過程中，每個(gè)小組分為每個(gè)小組分為法官，律師（正反方），書記員，罪犯。

3組內(nèi)辯論，分別選出最佳正反方的律師。

4小組之間的辯論

5可能涉及的詞匯：asuspect,jury,witness,judge,defense,defendant,theprosecution,clerkofthecourt,physicalabuse,commitcrimes,break/violate,juveniledelinquent,lifeimprisonment,deathpenalty,capitalpunishment,turnoveranewleaf,besentencedto3yearsofimprisonment….

說明：讓學(xué)生利用采訪聽力的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行小組交流，結(jié)合實(shí)際的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)具體分析對(duì)于青少年犯在救助家庭和勞改營(yíng)兩種環(huán)境下的利弊。在小組交流過程中，信息交流也為學(xué)生捷供了一個(gè)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)、語(yǔ)言鍛煉的機(jī)會(huì)。

infosterhomesthanincorrectionalbootcamps

Advantages:

Disadvantages

說明：

語(yǔ)法的學(xué)習(xí)除了教師的精講之外，離不開學(xué)生的實(shí)際語(yǔ)言練習(xí)與運(yùn)用．創(chuàng)設(shè)不同的活動(dòng)讓學(xué)生積極參與，使詞匯學(xué)習(xí)不再被動(dòng)接受、死記硬背。

第一層次：競(jìng)猜猜測(cè)詞綴的涵義

讓學(xué)生根據(jù)以往的詞匯只是盡可能列舉所學(xué)過的詞匯,如：dis-,-less,--ful,-ly等

第二層次：競(jìng)添給單詞添加詞綴

給出詞根，讓學(xué)生盡可能添加前后綴

比如care最終添加到carelessness

Doubt----undoubtfully

第三層次：總結(jié)，結(jié)合詞綴對(duì)的涵義和詞性，熟練判斷派生詞。

PrefixesMeaningswords

un不，非Unhappy,unfair,untrue

表示相反的動(dòng)作Uncover,undress

Dis-不，非Dislike,dishonest,disagree,

分離，除去Disarm,discourage,disclose

In-,im-,ir-,il,不,非Inconvenient,incorrect,impolite,irregular,illegal

De-分離,降低Devalue,decompose,decode

Non-不,非Nonsmoker,nonsense,nonexistent

Mis-誤,錯(cuò)Misunderstand,Misspell,mislead

Re-重新,再Rewrite,retell,reunite

Pre-預(yù)先,在…前Preschool,preview,prehistory,

Post-在…后Postwar,postgraduate

En-構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞Enable,enlarge,endanger

a-構(gòu)成形容詞Awake,asleep,alive

suffixesmeaningswords

--er

構(gòu)成名詞，表示：----者，----的，或表示器具。Thinker,traveler,washer,

--orInventor,sailor,translator,

--istViolinist,socialist,Marxist

--ianMusician,magician,technician,

--antParticipant,assistant,inhabitant,

--ness構(gòu)成名詞，表示：性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，某一動(dòng)作的過程或結(jié)果等。Greatness,kindness,illness,

--shipFriendship,leadership,scholarship

--hoodNeighborhood,childhood,manhood

--mentGovernment,development,movement

--(a)tionPreparation,exception,observation

--(s)ionDiscussion,expansion,decision

--thTruth,warmth,length,strength

--ful構(gòu)成形容詞，表示性質(zhì)等。Faithful,cheerful,careful,

--lessMeaningless,priceless,fearless,

--iveCreative,decisive,collective

--ousFamous,continuous,poisonous

--ableComfortable,reliable,acceptable

--alAdditional,critical,practical

--icHistorical,realistic,electronic

--ize構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞。Modernize,realize,normalize,

--ifySimplify,beautify,diversify

--enStrengthen,sharpen,soften

--ly構(gòu)成副詞Faithfully,continuously,terribly

--ward(s)Westward,backward,downward(s)

說明：

這個(gè)話題值得學(xué)生們思考與討論，犯罪與懲罰涉及到個(gè)人行為和社會(huì)安定的問題。青少年處于成長(zhǎng)期，認(rèn)識(shí)上的偏離往往引起行為上的偏差，以至于走上犯罪道路。因此本次的討論對(duì)青少年的社會(huì)價(jià)值觀和行為有很大的意義和影響。

1.Discussiononthefollowingissue.

Whydoyouthinkyoungpeoplemakeupthemajorityofcriminals?

Doyouthinkthatweshouldcancelthecapitalpunishment?

2.Areportforpresentation

Whatdoyouthinkofthecurrentsystemofrehabilitation

2010屆中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)3

副詞的定義:　副詞是一種用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞或全句的詞,說明時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),程度,方式等概念。　副詞的分類:　1)時(shí)間和頻度副詞:　now,then,often,always,usually,early,today,lately,next,last,already,generally,frequently,seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too,immediately,hardly,finally,shortly,before,ago,sometimes,yesterday.　2)地點(diǎn)副詞:　here,there,everywhere,anywhere,in,out,inside,outside,above,below,down,back,forward,home,upstairs,downstairs,across,along,round,around,near,off,past,up,away,on.　3)方式副詞:　carefully,properly,anxiously,suddenly,normally,fast,well,calmly,politely,proudly,softly,warmly　4)程度副詞:　much,little,very,rather,so,too,still,quite,perfectly,enough,extremely,entirely,almost,slightly.　5)疑問副詞:　how,when,where,why.　6)關(guān)系副詞:　when,where,why.　7)連接副詞:　how,when,where,why,whether.　副詞的用法:　副詞在句中可作狀語(yǔ),表語(yǔ),短語(yǔ)?！eworkshard.　他工作努力?！ouspeakEnglishquitewell.　你英語(yǔ)講的很好?！sshein?　她在家嗎?　Letsbeout.　讓我們出去吧。　Foodhereishardtoget.　這兒很難弄到食物。　副詞的位置:　1)多數(shù)副詞都可以放在動(dòng)詞的后面,如果動(dòng)詞帶有賓語(yǔ),副詞就放在賓語(yǔ)后面。　Igetupearlyinthemorningeveryday.　我每天早早起床?！egavemeagiftyesterday.　他昨天給了我一件禮物。　Shedidntdrinkwaterenough.　她沒喝夠水。　Thetraingoesfast.　火車跑得快?！ecangotothisschoolfreely.　我們可以免費(fèi)到這家學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)?！heyleftalifehardlythen.　當(dāng)時(shí)他們的生活很艱難。　Hehasanewcatontoday.　他今天戴了一頂新帽子。　Ihaveseenthisfilmtwicewithmyfriends.　這部電影我和朋友看過兩次。　2)副詞修飾形容詞,副詞時(shí),副詞在前面,而被修飾的詞在后面。　Itsrathereasy,Icandoit.　這很容易,我能做到?！ediditquitewell.　他做得相當(dāng)好?！tsratherdifficulttotellwhoisright.　很難說誰(shuí)是對(duì)的。　ItssoimportantthatImusttellmyfriends.　這件事太重要了，我得告訴我的朋友。　Itsmuchbetter.　好多了。　3)頻度副詞可放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的前面,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞的后面?！oftenhelphimthesedays.　這些日子我經(jīng)常幫助他。　IalwaysrememberthedaywhenIfirstcame　tothisschool.　我常常記得我第一次來(lái)學(xué)校的那一天。　Youmustntalwayshelpme.　你不能老是幫助我?！eseldomcomestoseeus.　他很少來(lái)看我們?！eusuallygoshoppingonceaweek.　我們通常一周買一次東西?！henewstudentsdontalwaysgotodance.　新學(xué)生并不時(shí)常去跳舞。　4)疑問副詞,連接副詞,關(guān)系副詞以及修飾整個(gè)句子的副詞,通常放在句子或從句的前面?！hendoyoustudyeveryday?　你每天什么時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)?　Canyoutellmehowyoudidit?　你能告訴我你如何做的嗎?　First,letmeaskyousomequestions.　先讓我來(lái)問幾個(gè)問題。　Howmuchdoesthisbikecost?　這輛車子多少錢？　Eitheryougoorhecomes.　不是你去就是他來(lái)?！hestudentswerereadingwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.　當(dāng)老師進(jìn)教室時(shí)，學(xué)生們正在讀書?！?)時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞在一個(gè)句中,地點(diǎn)副詞在前面時(shí)間副詞在后面?！ewentshoppinginthesupermarketat9oclockyesterday.　昨天九點(diǎn)鐘我們到超市買東西了.　Whatwereyoudoingintheclassroomyesterdayevening?　昨天下午你在教室里干什么？　TheaccidenttookplaceonehouragointheElevenAvenue.　一小時(shí)前十一號(hào)大街發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)事故?！「痹~的比較等級(jí):　副詞和形容詞一樣,也有它的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式.可以參考形容詞的變換形式。但以詞尾-ly結(jié)尾的副詞（除early）須用more和most?！ardharderhardest　fastfasterfastest　earlyearlierearliest　much　more　most　warmly　morewarmly　mostwarmly　單音節(jié)副詞的比較級(jí)是在副詞后面加上-er構(gòu)成的，最高級(jí)是在副詞后面加上-est構(gòu)成的?！earnearernearest　hardharderhardest　多音節(jié)副詞的比較級(jí)是在副詞的前面加上-more構(gòu)成的。最高級(jí)是在副詞前面加上-most構(gòu)成的?！armly　morewarmly　mostwarmly　successfullymoresuccessfullymostsuccessfully　有些副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式是不規(guī)則的?！ell-better-bestlittle-less-least　Much-more-mostbadly-worse-worst　far-farther(further)-farthest(furthest)　副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)用法同形容詞的比較級(jí)用法基本一樣。最高級(jí)形式句中the可以省略?！eworksharderthanI.　他比我工作努力。　LucygetsupearlierthanLili.　露西比麗麗起床早。　Herunsfastestinourclass.　他在我們班跑地最快。　Hedivesdeeperthanhisteammates.　他比他的隊(duì)員潛水深?！tstruethathespeakEnglishmorefluentlythananyofus.　他英語(yǔ)講的確實(shí)比我們?nèi)魏稳硕己谩！urschoolteamplayfootballbestinourregion.　我們校隊(duì)在我們地區(qū)足球踢得最好的。

2010屆中考英語(yǔ)完形填空

2010年中考英語(yǔ)備考名師精品資料――完形填空

一、解題策略指導(dǎo)

完形填空（Clozetest）是初中英語(yǔ)試題中必考題型。完形填空主要測(cè)試學(xué)生在具體語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中對(duì)文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、中心思想、推理判斷、詞語(yǔ)辨析、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求，及對(duì)所學(xué)英語(yǔ)的綜合運(yùn)用能力、快速閱讀理解能力及邏輯推理判斷能力等。這種題型歸納起來(lái)有如下特點(diǎn)：

1．在整份試卷中所占的分值較重，占10—15％，短文長(zhǎng)度一般在130—200個(gè)單詞左右。

2．降低了對(duì)單詞本身的考查要求，重點(diǎn)考查考生對(duì)短文的整體理解，上下文的段落銜接，情理分析及推理判斷能力。

3．針對(duì)初中學(xué)生的實(shí)際水平，一般采用故事類、說明類短文，盡量避免專業(yè)性太強(qiáng)的文章或論文體。近年來(lái)出現(xiàn)了以意義選擇為主、語(yǔ)法選擇逐漸減少的趨勢(shì)。

完形填空有多種形式，但它在基本設(shè)計(jì)原則上都是一致的。形式都是從短文中抽去若干個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)，讓考生根據(jù)上下文填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或短語(yǔ)，為了有助于考生填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，可以提供四個(gè)答案（其中包括一個(gè)正確答案），讓考生選出正確的答案；從所給的單詞中，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空；也可以給出單詞首字母作提示將短文補(bǔ)全；也可以不給考生提供任何線索，完全憑借考生對(duì)文章的理解和現(xiàn)有的語(yǔ)言能力完成。最常見的還是選擇型的完形填空。

抽詞的辦法可以是有針對(duì)性地抽取，也可以是隨機(jī)地抽取。但目前比較流行的是對(duì)文章理解能力的考查，而不是單純對(duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的考查。

完形填空要求考生不僅要會(huì)運(yùn)用自己學(xué)過的詞匯和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)妥善地處理好每個(gè)單句，理解語(yǔ)義，還要處理好單句之間以及單句與全文之間的內(nèi)在關(guān)系，選出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填上，使文章完整與通順。

完形填空題要求填入的詞主要有：構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)和用法區(qū)別的動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；名詞和介詞；根據(jù)上下文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必須填入的形容詞、副詞、代詞和連詞；同義詞、近義詞等易混詞?？疾橐詫?shí)詞為主，兼顧虛詞和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。難點(diǎn)主要集中在根據(jù)上下文作正確判斷的詞的用法上。

在做完形填空題時(shí)，通常先弄清語(yǔ)境，并依據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行合理的分析、判斷，才能作出恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。具體可分為以下三步：

1.通覽全文，了解大意

答題時(shí)，應(yīng)先越過空檔，通讀全文，理順題意，找出信息詞。這是做好完形填空題的關(guān)鍵。因?yàn)橥晷翁羁盏奶攸c(diǎn)是著眼于整體理解。我們?nèi)绻讯涛谋茸鳝h(huán)環(huán)相扣的鏈條，那么由于空格的設(shè)置，“鏈條”從第二句起有些地方就脫節(jié)了。有些同學(xué)習(xí)慣于提筆就填或邊讀邊填，急于求成，然而，欲速則不達(dá)，結(jié)果往往由于“只見樹木不見森林”而事倍功半。因此我們應(yīng)該依據(jù)首句給的啟示，通過邏輯思維，借助短文中關(guān)鍵詞所提供的信息，越過空檔，盡快把全文讀完，建立語(yǔ)言的整體感，幫助我們了解短文大意。

2.綜合考慮，先易后難

通覽全文后，認(rèn)真觀察選項(xiàng)，瞻前顧后，仔細(xì)推敲，逐項(xiàng)選定。經(jīng)過通讀全文，對(duì)短文有了整體印象。在此基礎(chǔ)上，可以根據(jù)全文大意，展開邏輯思維，分析這一空格處在句中的地位，前后的關(guān)系和它所起的作用，確定最佳答案。遇到困難，暫放一邊，先易后難，這是解題之道。當(dāng)遇到難以判斷的空檔時(shí)，不妨先放一邊，繼續(xù)往下做。因?yàn)橛行┐鸢甘潜仨毻ㄟ^下文的理解后才能作出斷定的。有時(shí)，前后信息之間還有相互提示作用。因此，當(dāng)我們遇到難題時(shí)，不能久久停留于此，這樣會(huì)浪費(fèi)不必要的時(shí)間。

3.復(fù)讀檢驗(yàn)，消除疏漏

完成所有空檔后，還要再次通讀全文，看看這時(shí)的短文行文是否流暢，意義是否連貫，邏輯關(guān)系是否合理。復(fù)查時(shí)，可從語(yǔ)法入手，檢查一下句子的時(shí)態(tài)、主謂一致、代詞的性、數(shù)、格以及詞語(yǔ)的搭配等是否正確。凡遇疑點(diǎn)，必須根據(jù)文章的中心思想，從意義、語(yǔ)法的角度來(lái)仔細(xì)權(quán)衡，加以改正，彌補(bǔ)疏漏。

二、范例解析引路

例一：

EveryyearstudentsinmanycountrieslearnEnglish.Someofthesestudentsarechildren,__1__studentsareyoungpeople.Whydoallthesepeoplewanttolearn__2__?Itisnot__3__toanswerthisquestion.ManyboysandgirlslearnEnglishatschool.Itisoneoftheir__4__.ManypeoplelearnEnglishbecauseitis__5__intheirwork.SomeyoungpeoplelearnEnglish__6__theirhigherstudiesbecausesomeoftheirbooksare__7__English.OtherpeoplelearnEnglishbecausetheywantto__8__newspapersinEnglish.SomepeoplelearnEnglishbecausetheywantto__9__intheUSA,EnglandorAustralia.Englishisvery__10__inourlife.

1.A.allB.theother　C.bothD.other

2.A.EnglishB.Chinese　C.mathsD.Japanese

3.A.hardB.easyC.goodD.nice

4.A.booksB.classes　C.schoolsD.subjects

5.A.goodB.usefulC.fineD.pleased

6.A.forB.ofC.toD.from

7.A.inB.withC.atD.of

8.A.lookB.seeC.lookatD.read

9.A.goB.workC.likeD.come

10.A.helpB.helping　C.helpsD.helpful

首先，通覽全文。通過通覽全文，便知本文講述許多人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的人年齡不同，目的各異。其次，本著先易后難的原則開始填空，先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語(yǔ)感，推測(cè)部分空格的可能答案。然后，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)逐一敲定。

1.選B。some...other(s)...意思是“一些……另一些(泛指)”；some...theother(s)...意思是“一些……另一些(特指)”。由語(yǔ)境可知，在學(xué)英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生中，除一部分是孩子外，剩余的是青年人(特指)。

2.選A。根據(jù)上下文可知是English。

3.選B。由文章內(nèi)容來(lái)看，人們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的原因多種多樣，因此回答為什么那么多人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)這個(gè)問題并不容易。

4.選D。由常識(shí)可知，English是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的科目(subject)之一。

5.選B。根據(jù)前后文意可知許多人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，那是因?yàn)镋nglish在他們的工作中很有用(useful)。

6.選A。本題屬于介詞用法辨析。介詞for在此可表示目的、原因。

7.選A。inEnglish是習(xí)慣搭配。

8.選D?！白x報(bào)”英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣說readnewspapers。

9.選B。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，有些人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)或想出國(guó)(gotoacountry)或想在這些國(guó)家工作(workinacountry)。

10.選D。末句點(diǎn)題，"英語(yǔ)在我們生活中是很有幫助的(helpful)"。

最后，復(fù)讀檢驗(yàn)。將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍，如果語(yǔ)句通順，語(yǔ)意清楚，便結(jié)束本題，轉(zhuǎn)做其它試題。

最后須提醒大家一點(diǎn)，做好完形填空題并非一日之功。我們應(yīng)從平日學(xué)習(xí)中做起，多積累，勤學(xué)苦練，方可成功！

例二：

parent,tell,call,celebrate,together,why,start,after,shop,newspaperMostpeoplebuylotsofpresentsjustbeforeChristmas.Butsomepeoplethinkwebuytoomuch.Theyhavestartedaspecialday(1)_______BuyNothingDay.Theydon’twantanyonetogo(2)_______onthatday.BuyNothingDayisNovember29.Itis(3)_______Thanksgiving.Often,beforeChristmasweseemanyadsin(4)_______andonTV(5)_________usto“buy,buy,buy!”TheideaforBuyNothingDay(6)_______inVancouver,Canada.Nowpeopleallovertheworld(7)_______BuyNothingDay.InCalifornia,theUS,(8)_________andchildrenget(9)_______toreadstories,singsongs,anddrawpictures.Thechildrentalkabout(10)_______theydon’tneedalotoftoys.?

本文是向考生介紹一個(gè)特殊的日子——BuyNothingDay，因此第1空應(yīng)填called。既然是BuyNothingDay，那就應(yīng)該是不讓人們“購(gòu)物(goshopping)”。第3空考查常識(shí)，BuyNothingDay的日期是November29，應(yīng)該在Thanksgiving之后，故此空白處應(yīng)填after。“看見廣告”通常應(yīng)在報(bào)紙上或電視上，因此第4空白處應(yīng)填newspapers。結(jié)合文意可知第5空白處應(yīng)填寫一個(gè)動(dòng)詞，并且能用動(dòng)詞不定式作復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，此動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是tell，此處應(yīng)用“動(dòng)詞-ing”形式，即telling。第6空白處所在的句子是介紹BuyNothingDay的起源，是過去的事情，應(yīng)用started。現(xiàn)在，世界各地也像慶祝其他節(jié)日一樣來(lái)慶祝BuyNothingDay，因此第7個(gè)空白處應(yīng)填寫celebrate(慶祝)。第8空白處應(yīng)填parents與children對(duì)應(yīng)。第9空白處應(yīng)填together與動(dòng)詞get構(gòu)成gettogether短語(yǔ)，意思是“團(tuán)聚”。第10空白處應(yīng)填why來(lái)澄清“theydon’tneedalotoftoys”的原因。

三、實(shí)踐評(píng)估自測(cè)

SectionOne

Fillintheblankswiththerightformsoftheproperwordsinthebox.Eachwordshouldbeusedonlyonce.

(1)

agree,leave,pay,taste,as,thank,place,thief,polite,comeYou’vefinishedeatinga(1)_______mealinaBritishrestaurantandthebillhasbeenpaid.Butwhyarepeoplegivingmoremoney?Aretheymad?Notatall.They’re(2)_______atip.Atipisasmallamountofmoneythatyougivetosomeonetosay“thankyou”forgoodservice.Tippingisverycommoninmany(3)_______inBritain.Forexample,it’scommontotipinrestaurants,taxis,hotelsandevenhairdressers!Peoplegive10to15percentofthefinalbill(4)_______atip.Sometimesthetipisaddedtothebill.Othertimesyouleavethemoneyafterhaving(5)_______.Thesedays,itcanbe(6)_______nottogiveatip.It’snormalnowtotippeopleevenyouhaven’thadgoodservice!Thisnewcustomhas(7)_______fromAmerica.TippinglikethishasonlybeeninBritainforthelast20years.LotsofBritishpeopledonot(8)_______withthis.Once,Britishpeoplewouldonlytipiftheyhadverygoodservice.Britishpeoplealsotipotherpeople,likewindowcleanersandthepostmanasawayof(9)_______themfordoingagoodjob.Peopleusuallydothisataspecialtimeoftheyear,suchasChristmas.ThisisanoldBritishcustom.Somepeoplethinktheword“tip”comesfromaslang(行話)wordusedby(10)_______alongtimeagoinBritain.Then,“tip”meant“topassoneformanother”.(2)sleep,quick,others,visit,relax,last,possible,weather,popular,eitherEachyearmostAmericanstakevacations,whichareshortbreaksfromworkorschool.Vacationsusually(1)_________foroneortwoweeks,andmostpeopletakevacationsinthesummertimebecauseofthenice(2)_________.Familieswilloftendriveintheircarstothedestination(目的地).Ontheotherhand,ifthevacationspotisfaraway,aplanerideisthe(3)__________waytotravel.ManyAmericanstaketheirvacationsat(4)_________thebeachorinthemountains.Other(5)_________placestovacationincludeDisneyWorld,resorts,largecitiesoftheUSA,orNationalParks.Somefamiliesenjoycamping,whichmeansthattheywill(6)_________intentsortrailers(房式活動(dòng)車).Otherfamiliesprefertorenthotelrooms,cabins,orbeachhomes.Vacationsareintended(有意義的)forrelaxationandfun,soAmericanschoosetheirvacationsbasedonwhattheyenjoymost.Somepeoplewanttospendtheirtime(7)________bythepoolandbakinginthesun,while(8)__________prefertodoasmanyactivitiesandasmuchsite-seeingas(9)___________.Yearafteryear,Americansoftenreturntotheexactsamevacationspot;However,somefamiliesenjoy(10)___________newplaceseachyear.Nonetheless,avacationisagreatwaynotonlytotakeabreakfromeverydaylifebutalsotomakelastingmemorieswithfriendsandfamily.(3)deadhittakehappywithlonely

afterpainsincestopevenallow

Apetisalotmorethanjustananimalwholivesinyourhouse.Petscanbecomepartofyourfamily.Apetcancheeryouupwhenyou’re(1)________,orbeyourfriendwhenyou’re(2)________.Yourpetisanimportantpartofyourlife.Whenthatpartofyourlifeisgone,itcanbe(3)________andsad.Itmayfeellikeamemberofyourfamilyhasdied.

EdnaalwayshopedtocomehomefromschooltoplaywithherdogBell.BellhadbeenapartofEdna’sfamily(4)________Ednawasababy.Sheloved(5)________Bellforwalksandplayingcatchwithhim.Bell(6)________tosleeponherbed.Bellwasherbestfriend.

Then,onedaywhenEdnacamehomefromschool,Bellwasgone.HermomtoldherthatBellwas(7)________byacar.Thegirlwasverysad.Herbestfriend(8)________.

SometimespetsdieinaccidentslikeEdna’sdogdid.Othertimespetsaresosickorinsomuchpainthattheywon’t(9)________getbetter.Theyhavetobe“puttosleep”.Thismeansthatthevet,oranimaldoctor,willgiveyourpetashotthathelpsherdie(10)________anypainatall.

Thismayseemlikeaterriblethingtodo.Butyourpetishurting.Shewillneverstophurting.Itisnicerofyoutoletyourpetsleepforeverthantokeepheraliveandhurtingallthetime.(4)

kid,name,out,sit,festival,make,everywhere,every,they,long

quietlovebeachlittlefrombuildcallsidenearcentury

example,solve,feel,teacher,happy,five,who,they,like,aboutPoliceinBostonareteachingyoungchildrentostayawayfromdrugs(毒品).Thepublicschoolsinvited10policeofficerstobe(1)______.Thegoalistomakeyoungchildren(2)______goodaboutthemselves.Policebelieve(3)______childrenwillnotwanttousedrugs.RobertTinkerisoneofthepoliceofficers(4)______teach.Heteacheschildreninthe(5)______grade.Inhisclass,childrenplaygamesandputonskits(表演短劇)(6)______drugs.Thekidsreallyenjoy(7)______.OfficerTinkersetsagood(8)______forthechildren.ThechildrenlookuptoOfficerTinkerandwanttobe(9)______himwhentheygrowup.Makingpoliceofficersintoteachersisanunusualwaytostoptheuseofillegaldrugs.ButpoliceinBostonsaytheyhavesucceededinhelpingto(10)______thedrugproblembyteachingchildren.(7)

danger,birth,on,late,send,family,success,fan,mean,howJackieChanwasbornonApril7,1954,inHongKong,China.HisparentsleftmainlandChinaforHongKongashorttimebeforehis(1)_______.Hisparentsnamedhim“ChanKongsang”,which(2)_______“borninHongKong”.TheywantedtocelebrateasafetriptoHongKong.

Atfirst,Jackie’s(3)_______livedintheFrenchEmbassy(大使館).Hisfatherwasacook,andhismotherwasahouse-keeper.WhenJackiewassevenyearsold,hisfamilymovedtoAustralia.HisfathergotajobintheAmericanEmbassy.(4)_______,backinHongKong,Jackie’sfather(5)_______himtotheChinaDramaAcademy(中國(guó)戲劇學(xué)院).Jackiestudiedandworked19hoursaday.ThestudentspracticedKongFuandlearned(6)_______todomanystunts(特技表演)there.WhenJackiewas17,hebegantodo(7)_______stuntsforfilms.Intheearly1980s,JackiewenttoHollywood(好萊塢),buthewasn’tvery(8)_______.Hewent(9)_______tomakefilmsinHongKongandhadgreatsuccess.Finally,in1995,JackieChanbecamefamousintheUnitedStates.Today,JackieChanhasbothChineseandAmerican(10)_______,andhisfilmsmakemillionsofdollars.(8)

expensive,address,pocket,number,receive,like,much,work,remember,easyPDAsareveryuseful.Theyare(1)_______smallcomputers.Youcanputalotofinformationintothem.Forexample,youcanputintelephone(2)_______ande-mail(3)_______.ManypeopleusePDAsto(4)_______importantdates.Someofthesesupermachinescanevensendand(5)_______e-mails.

PDAsaresmallandconvenient.Afewyearsago,theywere(6)_______.Now,theyarecheap.Manypeopleusethemat(7)_______andatschool.PeoplecancarryPDAsintheirshirt(8)_______.

But,it’simportanttobecareful.Theselittlemachinesare(9)_______tolose.Peopleputso(10)_______importantinformationintotheirPDAs.It’sreallyterribletolosethem.(9)

every,use,when,mouth,life,ago,find,fun,because,oneIfweknewwhenanearthquakewasabouttohappen,thenwecouldsavemany(1)_______.Infact,scientistsdotrytopredict(預(yù)測(cè))(2)_______earthquakewillhappen.Theyknowthatearthquakesareregular(有規(guī)律的).Asize8earthquake,forexample,happens(3)_______8-10years.(4)_______ofthis,iftheyknowwhenthelastearthquakewasinanarea(地區(qū)),itiseasytoworkoutwhenthenextonewillbe.Ifthelastonewassevenyears(5)_______,onemighthappensoon!Inthepast,peoplehad(6)_______waysofpredictingearthquakes.Manypeople(7)_______tothinkdogsactedstrangelywhenonewascoming.In132AD(公元),ZhangHengoftheEasternHanDynasty(東漢)madethe(8)______machinetopredictearthquake.Itwasmadeofaballandeightbronze(銅)frogs.Whentherewasanearthquake,theballwouldfallintooneofthefrogs’(9)_______!Today,itisstillveryhardtoknowexactlywhenanearthquakewillhit.Butwedoknowwheretheywillhappen,asearthquakesareonly(10)_______alongfaultlines.(10)

aswaypaymuchcosthavewhodecidekidprobable

Americaseemslikeaveryrichcountrytoomuchoftheworld.Insome(1)______thisistrue.However,the(2)______oflivinginAmericaisveryhigh.Evensomeone(3)______isverycarefulwiththeirmoneywill(4)______endupspendingatleast00amonthjustto(5)______theirbillsandeat.WhenyouconsiderthefactthatAmericans(6)______tosavemoneytobuyahouse,acar,andpayfortheir(7)______collegeeducation,yourealizethatitcosts(8)______toliveinAmerica.Americansstillseetheircountry(9)_______alandofopportunity,andmanybelievethatiftheyworkhardandmaketheright(10)______,theycanenduprich.(11)

skionetallfinddangeroffclimbusetiewhy

Extreme(極限的)sportsareverynewinAmerica.Theyusuallycomefrompeopletryingthecraziestthings.Bungeejumping(蹦極跳)isagoodexample.Someone(1)_______abungeecord(繩索)tohimselfonedayandjumped(2)_______averytallbridge.Bungeecordsstretchalot,sothepersonlived,buthetookabigrisk(冒險(xiǎn))to(3)_______outifhisideawouldwork.Anotherextremesportissnowboarding.A(4)_______decidedtostandsidewaysononepieceofwoodtogetdownthemountaininsteadof(5)_______twoskis.Peoplelikethese(6)_______sportsbecausetheyareexciting.Theyoftendothemfor“therush”theyget.The(7)_______extremesportmighthavebeenmountaineering,ormountainclimbing.SirEdmundHillary,thefirstmanto(8)_______MountEverest,gaveanotherreasonfordoingsomethingsodangerous.Whenasked(9)_______heclimbedtheworld’s(10)_______mountain,hereplied,“Becauseitwasthere.”(12)

offerchildespecialmoviefitpleasantfreenothingifteacherAmericanswatchalotoftelevision.Manypeople,(1)_______doctorsandteachers,thinktheywatchtoomuch.Thereareatleastseventoten(2)_______channelsineverycity,andcableTV(3)_______uptoahundredstationsforarounddollarsamonth.CableTVstationswilloftenonlyshowonething:(4)_______,news,sports,entertainmentnews,financial(金融的)news,thereareevenstationsthatshow(5)_______butcookingshows.IfyougetasatelliteTV,youcanget300-500TVstations.(6)_______youhavetime,youcanwatcheverycollegeandprofessionalbasketballgameinthecountry.Theeffecton(7)_______ofthismuchtelevisionisespeciallytroubling.(8)_______complainthatstudentsneglect(忽視)theirhomeworkanddonotreadfor(9)_______anymore,anddoctorsnotethatchildrenwhowatchtoomuchTVareoftennotphysically(10)_______.(13)

goodorhavebuyeasycitymakeotherworkuse

littlethatfightideatroublewhatiflikefewtry

ifmorepeoplerodebicyclestowork,therewouldbe(3)automobiles,andthereforelessdirtyair.Forseveralyearsthisgrouphasbeen(4)togetthecitygovernmenttohelpbicycleriders.Forexample,theywantthecitytodrawspeciallanes(車道)–forbicyclesonly.BikeforaBetterCityfeelsthat(5)therewerespeciallanes,morepeoplewouldusebikes.Howevernobicyclelaneshavebeendrawn.Noteveryonethinkslanesareagood(6).Taxidriversdonot(7)theidea–theysayitwillblocktraffic.Somestoreownersonthemainstreetsdonotliketheidea–theysaythatifthereis(8)traffictheywillhavelessbusiness.Andmostpeoplelivetoofarfromdowntowntotravelbybike.Thecitygovernmenthasnotyetdecided(9)todo.Itwantstokeepeveryonehappy.OnSundaysCentralParkisclosedtotraffic,andtheroadsmaybeusedbybicyclesonly.ButBikeforaBetterCitysaysthisisnotenoughandkeeps(10)togetbicyclelanesdowntown.(15)

noisebadwifeasadsnewsorcountcarrylife

Choosethebestanswertocompletethepassage.

(1)

Maybemorethananyotherpeople,Americanshavecometodependontheircars.Thefamilycarhasbeena(1)______thingsincetheearlytwentiethcenturyandithas(2)______Americans’life.Manypeoplehave(3)______outsideofthelargecitiestothesuburbs(郊區(qū)).SomeAmericans(4)______twohoursadayormoreintheircarsgoingtoworkandgoinghomeagain.Carshavebecomethemeansoftransportation(5)______mostAmericansforgoingshoppingandgoingonholidays.Americansusedtolikebigcars,becausegasoline(汽油)usednottobeso(6)______.Recently,however,the(7)______ofgasolinehasincreased.(8)______carshavebecomemorepopular.Also(9)______carshavebecomepopular.AmericanshaveboughtlargenumbersofJapaneseandGermancars.Theyhaveboughtcarsfromseveral(10)______countries,too.1.A.specialB.commonC.traditionalD.bad2.A.keptB.madeC.takenD.changed3.A.movedB.stayedC.flownD.gone4.A.costB.payC.spendD.take5.A.forB.toC.atD.on6.A.cheapB.expensiveC.highD.low7.A.colourB.stationC.numberD.cost8.A.BigB.ExpensiveC.CheapD.Small9.A.AmericanB.foreignC.newD.old10.A.theotherB.anotherC.otherD.others(2)

Whatdoyouusuallyusemobilephonesfor?Sendingtextmessagesforfun?Playinggames?Wellmobilephonescando(1)_______morethanthat.(2)_______thisyear’sAsiantsunami(海嘯),mobilephonessavedmany(3)_______.Morethan10,000internationalphoneswere(4)_______whenthetsunamihit.Policesenttextmessagestothemandfoundmorethan2,000.Buthow?People(5)_______thesignalandfoundout(6)_______thetouristswere.So,howcan(7)______sosmallbesosmart?Wellhere’show!Whenyouturnthephoneon,ittriestofindasignal.Thissignalcomesfromthetelephonenetwork.Ifyouhaveasignalyoucanseeitonthephone’sscreen.Sometimes,ifthesignalisweak,(8)_______canbedifficulttomakeaphonecall.Whenthephoneisfindingasignal,italsosendsa(9)_______tothetelephonenetwork.Thismessagetellsthestationwherethephoneis.Whenyoustarttomakeaphonecall,thetelephonenetworktellstelecommunicationsofficeswhereyouare.Theofficewillfindoutwhoyou’recallingthenputyou(10)_______toyourfriend!1.A.veryB.soC.farD.little2.A.WhileB.DuringC.AtD.When3.A.livesB.animalsC.housesD.troubles4.A.doingB.workingC.mendingD.using5.A.heardB.listenedC.followedD.examined6.A.howB.whereC.whatD.why7.A.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.nothing8.A.heB.itC.theyD.you9.A.informationB.wordC.messageD.note10.A.offB.upC.onD.through(3)

Peoplefromdifferentculturessometimesdothingsthatmakeeachotheruncomfortable__1_realizingit.Americanswhohaveneverbeenoutoftheircountryhaveverylittleexperiencewithpeopleofothercultures.Buttheyareusuallyopenandfriendly.Theyenjoymeetingnewpeople,__2_guestsandbringingpeopletogetherformallyorinformally.Theyuse__3inmostsituationsandspeakcasually(偶然地)about4.SoifyourAmericanhostdoessomethingthatmakesyou__5,lethimknow__6youfeel.Mostpeoplewillbe___7___foryourhonesty.Andyou’lllearnsomethingaboutanewculture.

Americansmayinviteyoutotheirhomes___8___theyreallygettoknowyou.Sometimestheyaresaidtobesuperficially(表面的)friendly.Perhapsit__9___so,buttheyareprobablyjusthavingagoodtime.As10,ittakestimetobecomegoodfriendswithpeopleintheU.S.

1.A.onB.afterC.withD.without

2.A.makingB.makeC.havingD.have

3.A.surnamesB.firstnamesC.familynamesD.fullnames

4.A.theyB.themselvesC.theirsD.them

5.A.unpleasantB.comfortableC.uncomfortableD.enjoyable6.A.whatB.whateverC.howD.however

7.A.thankfulB.sorryC.nervousD.pleased

8.A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.until

9.A.looksB.beingC.exitsD.seems

10.A.anywhereB.everywhereC.nowhereD.elsewhere(4)

TheAmericanandtheBritishnotonly(1)______thesamelanguagebutalsohavealargenumberofthesamesocialcustoms.Forexample,in(2)______AmericaandEnglandpeopleshakehandswhenthey(3)______eachotherforthefirsttime.Also,mostEnglishmenwillopenadoorforawomanoroffertheir(4)______toawoman,andsowillmostAmericans.BeingontimeisimportantbothinEnglandandinAmerica.Thatis,(5)______adinnerisforseveno’clock,thedinnerguesteitherarrivesclosetothattimeorcallsuptoexplain(6)______hewillbelate.Theimportantthingtorememberaboutsocialcustomsisnottodo(7)______thatmightmadeotherpeoplefeeluncomfortable,especiallyiftheyareyourguests.Thereisanoldstoryaboutamanwhogaveaformal(正式的)dinnerparty.Whenthe(8)______wasserved,oneoftheguestsstartedtoeathispeaswitha(9)______.Theotherguestsweresurprisedtoseethat,butthehostcalmly(10)______hisknifeandbeganeatinginthesameway.Itwouldhavebeenbadmannerstomakehisguestfeelfoolishoruncomfortable.1.A.talkB.speakC.tellD.say2.A.allB.everyC.someD.both3.A.meetB.helpC.teachD.know4.A.ticketB.bookC.seatD.food5.A.ifB.sinceC.evenD.but6.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.what7.A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything8.A.fruitB.foodC.chickenD.apples9.A.knifeB.spoonC.forkD.chopsticks10.A.putdownB.pickedupC.tookoutD.tookaway(5)

Itwasalreadylatewhenwesetoutforthenexttown,which,accordingtothemap,wasaboutfifteenmilesawayon1sideofthehill.Therewefeltthatwewouldfindabedforthenight.Itwasgettingdarksoonafterweleftthevillage,but2wemetnooneaswedrovefastalongtheroad,IaskedJohn,myfriend,3moreslowly.Afterwehadtraveledforabouttwentymiles,therewas4nosignofthetownwhichwasmarkedonthemap.Wewerebeginningtogetworried.Then,withoutwarning,thecar5.Aquickexaminationshowedthatwehadrunoutofgas.Thoughwehad6foodwithus,wedecidedtospendthenightinthecar.Ourmealwassoonover.Itriedtogotosleepatonce,butJohn,whowasapoorsleeper,7thecarafterafewminutesandwentforawalkupthehill.Soonhecamerunning8.Fromthetopofthehillhehadseen,inthevalleybelow,the9ofthetownwewerelookingfor.Weatonceunloadedallourluggageand,withgreatdifficulty,pushedthecartothetopofthehill.Thenwewentback10theluggage,loadedthecaragainandsetoffdownthehill.Inlessthanaquarterofanhourwewereinthetown,andtherewefoundahotelquiteeasily.

1.A.anotherB.otherC.theother

2.A.badlyB.usuallyC.luckily

3.A.todriveB.droveC.drive

4.A.stillB.alreadyC.often

5.A.ranfastB.turnedC.stopped

6.A.littleB.fewC.many

7.A.gotoutofB.gotdownC.goton

8.A.backB.upC.away

9.A.treesB.lightsC.buildings

10.A.forB.toC.with(6)

Manypeoplethinkthemoretimeisspent,themoreworkwill1.Sostudentshavetospendthewhole2doingschoolworkexceptthethreemeals.Itis3toseestudentsstruggleinaseaofschoolworkbothatschoolandathome.Modernstudentsusuallyhavemany4.Theylovemusicandsports.Atwo-dayweekendcangetthem5fromtoomuchschoolwork,andtheycando6theylike.Butstillteachersdonotthink7.Theygivestudentslotsofhomeworktodo.8theyhavetoomuchschoolwork,theyhavenotimetoenjoythemselves.Ahorserunsfasteraftera9.Butforstudentsonlyrestisnotenough.Sosuchaconditionshouldbe10togivestudentsbothpleasureandknowledge.Pleasegivestudentslesshomeworkandleavethemmorefreetime.1.A.doB.bedoingC.bedone2.A.dayB.morningC.week3.A.hardB.commonC.glad4.A.interestsB.sportsC.friends5.A.busyB.tiredC.away6.A.whatB.thatC.when7.A.thatB.itC.so8.A.WithB.ThoughC.Because9.A.minuteB.restC.meal10.A.keptB.changedC.different(7)

MaoZedongwasoneofthegreatestmeninChinesehistory.HishardworkhelpedhimbothasaleaderandasanEnglishlearner.

Busy1hewas,MaotriedtofindextraminutestostudyEnglish.Hestudied2aftergettingup,beforegoingtobedandbeforeandafterdinner.

OnMarch20,1957,whenhewasflyingfromNanjingtoShanghaionbusiness,he3thehourontheplanereadingEnglish.

MaodidnotstopstudyingEnglish4whenhewasover60.HealwaystookbothanEnglish-ChineseandaChinese-Englishdictionaryalong5histravels.

Whenhe6anewword,healwayswantedtoknowmore:whythewordwasusedhere,and7touseithimself.Hetookcarefulnotesandwrotedownallthewords8meanings.Everypageinhisnotebooks,fromfirsttolast,wasfullofentries(條目).Maowouldcheckthemandmakechanges9.Hewouldreadthesamebookseveraltimes.Eachtimehe10somethingnewtohisoldnotes.

1.A.thoughB.althoughC.asD.while

2.A.immediatelyB.hardlyC.clearlyD.slowly

3.A.tookB.spentC.passedD.wasted

4.A.evenB.everC.stillD.also

5.A.inB.byC.forD.on

6.A.camebyB.cameacrossC.cameintoD.cameover

7.A.howB.whatC.whyD.whether

8.A.othersB.anotherC.otherD.theother

9.A.moreandmoreB.fromtimetotimeC.littlebylittleD.facetoface

10.A.wroteB.rememberedC.addedD.moved(8)

TheAcronym,ourstudentnewspaper,reportsthattheaveragestudentgoestosleepat1:30am.1thatsanexaggeration(夸張),itstooclosetothetruth.Scientistssayteensshouldsleepninehourseachnight.Butthats2todo.

Someeven"pullall-nighters".Thesearelazystudentswhohavehomeworkdue(到期)thenextdaythattheyhaventdone.Inthemorningtheydontlook3andyoucantellwhosbeendoingit.

Maybeourlackofsleepis4laziness-IthinkImafairlylazystudent-ormaybeitsbecausewehavetoomuchtodoinAmericanhighschools.

I5gotobedaroundmidnight.IfIstayeduppast1:30am,Iwouldntgetanyworkdone.Idbe6atmycomputer.Myclassesbeginat7:30.Im7awakeinmyfirstclass.Bythesecond,Imslightlydrowsy.Bymythirdclass,Imsleepy.BymiddayImfinally8awake.Butby3:00pm,Imslowingdownagain.YetIgetmoresleepthantheAcronyms"averagestudent".

MostAmericanhighschoolsseemtohaveasimilar9withsleepystudents.

Highschoolclassesstartat7:30,sostudentshavetowakeuponeandahalfhoursbeforethattogetreadyand10thebus.Itsbelievedthatlackofsleepcandamagebothgradesandhealth.

Someschoolsarepayingattention.Classesinthoseschoolsstartat8:30.

1.A.EvenifB.NomatterC.AsifD.Eventhen

2.A.easyB.interestingC.hardD.possible

3.A.beautifulB.healthyC.youngD.heavy

4.A.becauseB.thankstoC.asD.becauseof

5.A.neverB.usuallyC.nearlyD.almost

6.A.playinggamesB.doingdishesC.doinghomeworkD.fallingasleep

7.A.completelyB.partlyC.strangelyD.generally

8.A.wideB.widelyC.deepD.deeply

9.A.chanceB.questionC.problemD.sight

10.A.masterB.missC.graspD.catch(9)

Theroomwasdarkandquiet.Onlyoneboystilldidn’tgotosleep.Hesatonhisbedatafar__1__oftheroom.Slowlyandcarefully,hepunched(扎)small__2__acrossapieceofpaperwithastylus(鐵筆).Every__3__minuteshestoppedandranhisfingers__4__theraiseddots(凸出的點(diǎn))on__5__sideofthepaper.Afriendofhiscametohim__6__andsaid,“Louis,areyoustillpunchingdots?You’dbetterstopandgetsomerest.Theteacherwillbeangryifyousleepinclass.”Theanswer__7__slowly,“Iknow,Iknow.I’ve__8__finishednow.Gobacktosleep,Gauthier.”LouisBraille,inventoroftheBraillereadingmethod(方法)fortheblind,puthispaperandstylusonashelfbehindhisbed.Hestoodupandwenttoanopenwindow.HecouldhardlyfeelthecoolAprilwind__9__hisface.Heknewhismethodwould__10__,nomatterwhatothersthought.1.A.sideB.rowC.cornerD.part2.A.boxesB.holesC.bitsD.ends3.A.manyB.someC.afewD.few4.A.acrossB.againstC.onD.into5.A.anotherB.theotherC.otherD.one6.A.politelyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.carefully7.A.cameB.reachedC.wentD.moved8.A.almostB.alreadyC.reallyD.hardly9.A.sweepB.touchC.beatD.brush10.A.operateB.winC.useD.work(10)

LastWednesday,Mr.ChentookhisclasstotheSpaceMuseum.There_1_manythingsaboutspacethere.First,thechildrensawafilmaboutspacetravel.Theysaw_2_thespaceshuttle(航天飛機(jī))tookoffinspaceandlaterlandedonearth_3_.Itwasveryexcitingandthechildrenfelttheyweretravelinginspace_4_!

　Afterthefilm,Mr.Chentook_5_toseesomemodelsofrockets(火箭)_6_thespaceshuttle.Themodelslookedveryreal,buttheyweremuch_7_.Thenthechildrensawsomemoonrocks(巖石).Two_8_landedonthemoonin1969.TheyputanAmericanflag(旗)there.Thentheytooksomerocksbacktothe_9_.

_10_thechildrenleft,theyalsowatchedavideoshowaboutpeoplelivingandworkinginaspacelab.Thepeoplecouldstayinthespacelabformonths.

1.A.isB.areC.wasD.were

2.A.how　B.whatC.whenD.which

3.A.too　B.alreadyC.again　D.badly

4.A.itselfB.ourselves　C.oneselfD.themselves

5.A.theirB.themC.theyD.theirs

6.A.orB.but　C.and　D.then

7.A.smallB.smallerC.big　D.bigger

8.A.AmericansB.EnglishmenC.AustraliansD.Chinese

9.A.moonB.starC.earth　D.sun

10.A.AfterB.Assoonas　C.Until　D.Before(11)

Lifeisnoteasy,soIdliketosay“Whenanythinghappens,believeinyourself.”

WhenIwas14,Iwas1nervoustotalktoanyone.Myclassmatesoften2me.Iwassadbutcoulddonothing.Later,3happened.Itchangedmylife.ItwasanEnglishspeech(演講)contest.Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit.Whata(n)4idea!ItmeantIhadto5infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!

"Comeon,boy.Believeinyourself.Youaresureto6."Then,MotherandItalkedaboutmanydifferenttopics(題目).AtlastI7thetopic"Believeinyourself".Itriedmybestto8allthespeechandpractiseditover100times.9mymothersgreatlove,Ididwellinthecontest.Icould10believemyearswhenthenewscamethatIhadwonthefirstplace.Iheardthe11fromtheteachersandstudents.Those12whooncelookeddownon(瞧不起)me,nowallsaid"Congratulations!"tome.Mymotherhuggedmeandcried13.

14then,everythinghaschangedforme.WhenIdoanything,ItrytotellmyselftobesureandIwillfindmyself.Thisistruenotonlyforapersonbutalsoforacountry.

1.A.soB.tooC.veryD.quite

2.A.madefacesatB.lookedafterC.caughtupwithD.laughedat

3.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything

4.A.interestingB.excitingC.terribleD.wonderful

5.A.writeB.speakC.tellD.say

6.A.winB.loseC.beatD.pass

7.A.reachedB.broughtC.choseD.thought

8.A.rememberB.seeC.spellD.hear

9.A.AtB.ToC.WithD.As

10.A.almostB.nearlyC.everD.hardly

11,A.cheersB.noisesC.thanksD.wishes

12.A.teachersB.classmatesC.boysD.girls

13.A.angrilyB.sadlyC.quietlyD.excitedly

14.A.SinceB.ExceptC.FromD.Before(12)

Somepeopleareright-handedandsomeareleft-handed.___1___knowsthereasonwhyapersonbecomesright-handedorleft-handed.Itisnottruethatitiscausedbythe___2___inwhichhisparentseducatehim.Inotherwords,apersonis___3___toberight-handedorleft-handed.Moreover,theleft-handedandtheright-handed“think”differently.___4___usethehandyou’renot___5___canbeveryupsetting.OnedayItriedanexperiment:____6___handswhileeatingricewithchopsticks.Beingaright-hander,Ihopeditwouldnotbetoo___7___formetotakethefoodwithmylefthand.SoonafterIstarted,IrealizedIdidn’tknowwhatIwas___8___.SoImovedinfrontofabigmirror,inorderthatIcouldobservemy___9___clearly.Lookingatmyselfinthemirror,IfoundIlooked___10___amanwhohad___11___usedchopsticks.IgrewmoreandmorenervousandfinallyIhadto___12__.Myexperienceshows,being___13__tousethehandoneisnotusedtoaffectsaperson’smind.Soweshouldnottrytochangealeft-handertoaright-hander.Somepeoplestillthink___14___isbad,butluckilythisideais___15___.1.A.NooneB.SomebodyC.ThescientistD.One’sparent2.A.planB.wayC.skillD.rule3.A.taughtB.bornC.askedD.made4.A.NeedtoB.ForcedtoC.HavingtoD.Inorderto5.A.fondB.interestedinC.eagertoD.usedto6.A.changingB.usingC.holdingD.watching7.A.harmfulB.hardC.tiredD.disappointing8.A.eatingB.watchingC.doingD.holding9.A.faceB.chopsticksC.righthandD.actions10.A.forB.likeC.throughD.after11.A.alwaysB.oftenC.usuallyD.never12.A.giveitupB.giveitinC.giveitoutD.giveitoff13.A.ableB.unableC.forcedD.willing14.A.beingleft-handedB.beingright-handedC.usingonehandD.usingeitherhand15.A.changingB.notchangingC.neverchangedD.difficulttochange(13)

Tom’sfatherisadoctor,and___1___Tomwasalittleboy,hisparentshavewanted___2___adoctor,too.Tom,however,___3___beanartist.AllhislifeTomhaslovedtodrawandpaint,andhehaspainted___4___finepictures.Peoplesaythatheisa___5___artist.Tom’sparentssayitwouldbe___6__ofTomtobecomeaartist.Hisfathertellshimthatdoctorshelppeopleandartists___7___.Hismothertellshimthatartistscan’tevenmake___8___moneytosupportthemselves.Tomhasnochoicebut___9___hisparents.Tomisnowinamedicalschool,___10___heisnotveryhappy.Hedoesn’t___11___doinghardwork,buthefindsstudyingmedicine___12___.Hedoesn’tlikehospitals,andhegetssickeverytimehesees___13___.Tomisstillthinking___14___becomingaprofessionalartist,butheisn’tsurewhetherhisdream___15___.1.A.eversinceB.duringC.fromD.when2.A.TombecomingB.Tom’sbecomingC.TomtobecomeD.forTomtobecome3.A.hasbetterB.hadbetterC.wouldlikeD.wouldrather4.A.agreatmanyB.agreatdealC.alotD.alargequantity5.A.bornB.famousC.bigD.well-know6.A.goodB.rightC.cleverD.foolish7.A.can’tB.don’tC.won’tD.mustn’t8.A.anyB.someC.enoughD.plenty9.A.obeyB.toobeyC.obeyingD.obeys10.A.butB.andC.unlessD.otherwise11.A.careB.worryC.mindD.like12.A.excitedB.excitingC.tiredD.tiring13.A.bloodB.foodC.medicineD.liquid14.A./B.ofC.toD.that15.A.comestrueB.shouldcometrueC.willcometrueD.wouldhavecometrue參考答案

ChapterIClozeTest

SectionOne

(1)1.tasty2.leaving3.places4.as5.paid6.impolite7.come8.agree9.thanking10.thieves

(2)1.last2.weather3.quickest4.either5.popular6.sleep7.relaxing8.others9.possible10.visiting(3)1.happy2.lonely3.pain4.After5.totake6.allowed7.hit8.dead9.even10.stop

(4)1.every2.names3.Their4.made5.longer6.out7.everywhere8.tosit9.kids10.festivals(5)1.sides2.least3.quiet4.from5.centuries6.beaches7.nearly8.built9.lovely10.called(6)1.teachers2.feel3.happy4.who5.fifth6.about7.themselves8.example9.like10.solve(7)1.birth2.means3.family4.Later5.sent6.how7.dangerous8.successful9.on10.fans(8)1.like2.numbers3.addresses4.remember5.receive6.expensive7.work8.pockets9.easy10.much

(9)1.lives2.when3.every4.Because5.ago6.funny7.used8.first9.mouths10.found

(10)1.ways2.cost3.who4.probably5.pay6.have7.kids’8.much9.as10.decisions(11)1.tied2.off3.find4.skier5.using6.dangerous7.first8.climb9.why10.tallest(12)1.especially2.free3.offers4.movies5.nothing6.If7.children8.Teachers9.pleasure10.fit(13)1.has2.or3.made4.used5.cities6.easily7.work8.better9.other10.buying(14)1.troubles2.that3.fewer4.trying5.if6.idea7.like8.less9.what10.fighting(15)1.carry2.counted3.ads4.life5.noise6.wives7.news8.as9.worse10.OrSectionTwo

(1)1—5BDACA6—10BDDBC

(2)1—5CBABC6—10BABCD(3)1－5DCBBA6－10CAADD

(4)1—5BDACA6—10CDBBA(5)1—5CCAAC6—10AAABA(6)1－5CABAC6—10ACCBB(7)1－10CABAD6－10BACBC

(8)1－5ACBDB6－10DBACD

(9)1－5CBDAB6－10CAADD(10)1－5DACDB6-10CBACD(11)1—5BDACB6—10ACACD11—14ABDA

(12)1－5ABBCD6－10ABCDB11－15DACAA

(13)1－5ACDAA6－10DBCBA11－15CDABC