小學(xué)語文微課教案

Unit4Globalwarming。

Unit4Globalwarming

I.Phrases

1.globalwarming

全球氣候變暖

2.asupplyof/suppliesof

大量的

3.dependon

依靠

4.humanactivity

人類活動(dòng)

5.anaturalphenomenon

自然現(xiàn)象

6.betrappedin...

被困在……

7.aquantityof/quantitiesof+n.

大量的

8.resultin

resultfrom

導(dǎo)致..

原因是..

9.asaresult=inconsequence

asaresultof=inconsequenceof

因此

of由于…的緣故

10.buildup

逐漸建立

11.keepon

保持

12.makeadifference

makenodifference

有影響；有關(guān)系

對……沒有影響；不重要

13.putupwith…

忍受

14.as/solongas

只要

15.andsoon

等等

16.glanceat…

很快地看……一眼..

17.onthewhole

大體上

18.compare…to.../compare….with

與…相比

19.comeabout

comeacross

comeback

comedown

comein

comeout

comeup

comeupwith

cometo

發(fā)生(不及物)

偶遇;穿過

回來

降下;減低

進(jìn)來;到達(dá)

出來;出版

上來;被提出討論;發(fā)芽

追上;趕上

結(jié)果達(dá)到;蘇醒

20.heatup

受熱

21.upto

多達(dá);比得上

22.intheyearsahead

今后一些年里

23.carryout

執(zhí)行

24.decreaseby

decrease(from…)to

下降了……

（從……）下降到

25.greenhouseeffect

溫室效應(yīng)

II.Sentences

1.Thatprobablydoesn’tsoundverymuchtoyouortomebutitisarapidincreasecomparedtomostnaturalchanges.

這對你我來說很可能是無所謂的，但是跟多數(shù)自然變化相比較而言，這卻是一種快速的增長。

2.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmerbutthereisfiercedebateoverwhetheritishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingorwhetheritisjustanaturalphenomenon.

毋庸質(zhì)疑的是地球正在變暖,但關(guān)于它變暖的原因是由于人類活動(dòng)所致還是一種自然現(xiàn)象還存在激烈的爭論。

3.Withoutthe“greenhouseeffect”,theearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.

如果沒有這種“溫室效應(yīng)”，地球的溫度將比現(xiàn)在的溫度還要低33攝氏度左右。

4.Somepeoplethinkfutureglobalwarmingwouldcausethesealeveltorisebyseveralmeters;otherspredictseverestorms,droughts,famines,thespreadofdiseases,andthedestructionofspecies.

有人認(rèn)為全球變暖會導(dǎo)致海平面上升好幾米;也有人預(yù)言會出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的風(fēng)暴、干旱、饑荒、疫病和物種的滅絕．

5.Itisthegreenhouseeffectthatgivestheearth’ssurfacetheaveragetemperatureof15℃

溫室效應(yīng)使得地球表面的平均氣溫達(dá)到了15℃.

6.Together,individualsmakeadifference.眾人拾柴火焰高。

7.Yourcontributioncounts.你的貢獻(xiàn)很有價(jià)值。

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人教版高中英語選修6教案Unit4Globalwarming

Unit4Globalwarming

一、語言要點(diǎn)

I單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）

詞匯

部分

詞語

辨析

1.consequence/result/effect/outcome2.glance/gaze/glare/stare

詞形

變化

1.agreev.同意

disagreev.不同意

agreement/disagreementn.同意/不同意

2.existv.存在

existencen.存在

3.statev.陳述，說明

statementn.聲明，闡述4.environmentn.環(huán)境

environmentaladj.周圍的，環(huán)境的

environmentalistn.環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者

重點(diǎn)

單詞

1.phenomenonn.現(xiàn)象

2.tendvt.趨向,往往是；照管,護(hù)理

3.statevt.聲明,陳述

4.rangen.行列,范圍；vt.排列,歸類于

5.averageadj.平均的

6.existencen.生存

7.advocate倡導(dǎo)，擁護(hù)

8.refreshv.(使)精神振作,(使)精力恢復(fù),更新

9.contributionn.捐獻(xiàn),貢獻(xiàn),投稿

重點(diǎn)

詞組

comeabout發(fā)生quantitiesof大量的resultin導(dǎo)致beopposedto反對

onbehalfof代表……一方putupwith忍受；容忍solongas只要

重點(diǎn)句子

1.Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneofwhichiscarbondioxide.

這個(gè)升溫過程的一些副產(chǎn)品就叫“溫室”氣體,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳.

重點(diǎn)語法

it的用法（II）(見語法專題)

II詞語辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1).consequence/result/effect/outcome

consequence強(qiáng)調(diào)因某件事而引起的后果，有時(shí)帶貶義。

result普通用語，指某行動(dòng)，計(jì)劃或事件帶來的最終結(jié)果。

effect與相對，指動(dòng)作行為帶來的后果或效應(yīng)。

outcome側(cè)重某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，比賽的結(jié)果，結(jié)局

選擇consequence/result/effect或outcome并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>1)The________ofthegamewasbeyondourexpectation.

2)The_________ofthemeetingwasthatnooneshouldbedismissed.

3)Theadvertisementshavemuch________onconsumers’choice.

4)In_________oflaziness,hewasfired.

Keys:1)outcome2)result3)effect4)consequence

2).glance/gaze/glare/stare看，注視

glance一瞥，匆匆一看，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的短暫

gaze凝視，注視，因驚異或贊賞而長時(shí)間無意識地凝視某人或某事物

glare怒視，帶有敵對或威脅的態(tài)度

stare盯著看，含有無禮或粗俗的意味。

選擇glance/gaze/glare或stare，并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>1)Theystoodatthetopofthehill,_______atthesplendidsunset.

2)Themanager______atthedocumentandsigneddownhisname.

3)Thedog_____atthestrangerandbarked.

4)Don’t_______,it’srude!

Keys:1)gazing2)glanced3)glared4)stare

III詞性變化（旨在提供語法填空所需材料）

1.agreev.同意

disagreev.不同意

agreement/disagreementn.同意/不同意

2.existv.存在

existencen.存在

3.statev.陳述，說明

statementn.聲明，闡述4.environmentn.環(huán)境

environmentaladj.周圍的，環(huán)境的

environmentalistn.環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者

根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1)The________pointedoutthatthechangeof________willcausecertaingreat________disaster.(environment)

2)Itwas______thatthenew-electedpresidentofU.S.Amadea________announcingnewpoliciestoreducetheconsequenceofeconomycrisis.(state)

3)ThoughthetwoPartyusually_______witheachother,theyhavereachedan________onthelevelsofgreenhousegasestheywillallow.(agree)

4)Inthesurvey,peoplefounditfunnythatmanyofthelongest-lastingmarriagesin______arethosebetweenpeoplewho________infrequentquarrel.(exist)

keys:1)environmentalist;environment;environmental2)stated;statement3)disagree;agreement4)existence;exist

IV重點(diǎn)詞匯（旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）

1.phenomenonn.現(xiàn)象;奇跡，罕見的人才或事物phenomena(pl.)

[典例]

1)Rainandsnowarephenomenaoftheweather.雨雪是天氣現(xiàn)象。

2)Beethovenwasaphenomenonamongmusicians.貝多芬是音樂家中的天才。

3)thephenomenaofnature自然現(xiàn)象

4)asocialphenomenon社會現(xiàn)象

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)月蝕是一種罕見的現(xiàn)象。

________________________________________________________________________________________

2)你能向我解釋下這一奇怪的自然現(xiàn)象嗎？

________________________________________________________________________________________

3)盡管中途退出了2008年奧運(yùn)會，劉翔依然是跨欄項(xiàng)目的罕見的人才。

________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Aneclipseofthemoonisararephenomenon.2)Couldyouexplaintomethestrangenaturalphenomenon?

3)Thoughquittinginthe2008BeijingOlympicGames,LiuXiangisstillaphenomenoninhurdleracing.2.tendvt.趨向,往往是；照管,護(hù)理

[重點(diǎn)用法]

tendencyn.趨向，傾向（常與to/towards連用）

[典例]

1)Mostofboystendtoenjoyplayingbasketball.大部分男孩都喜歡打籃球。

2)Theolderwomentendtobelieveinstrangerseasily.老人更容易輕信陌生人。

3)AteamofmedicalworkersweresenttotendthesurvivorsofwenchuanEarthquake.

一組醫(yī)護(hù)人員被派去照料汶川地震的幸存者。

4)Nowadaysthereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoshoponinternet.如今人們網(wǎng)上購物有增加的趨勢

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)處于壓力下的人更容易發(fā)揮自己的全部潛能。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)當(dāng)老板不在時(shí)請他照看一個(gè)商店

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Keys:1)Peopleunderstresstendtodeveloptheirfullrangeofpotential.2)Hewasrequiredtotendastoreintheownersabsence.3.statevt.聲明,陳述n.狀況，情況；國家

[重點(diǎn)用法]

state+名詞/that從句/wh-從句

statementn.聲明,陳述

[典例]

1)Sheisinaterriblestatetoday.她今天心情不好。

2)theheadofstate國家首腦

3)Hehaspubliclystatedhissupportforthepolicy.他已公開聲明他會支持那項(xiàng)政策。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)合同清楚地?cái)⑹隽四琼?xiàng)工作應(yīng)在何時(shí)完成。

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2)我聽見那位官員說不接納兒童。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thecontractstatedwhentheworkshouldbefinished.2)Iheardtheofficialstatethattheywould

notacceptchildren.4.rangen.行列,范圍；vt.排列,歸類于

[重點(diǎn)用法]

beyondtherangeof…超越……的范圍

outofone’srange某人達(dá)不到的

rangeoneself站在……的方面

rangefrom…to…/between…and…從……到……不等

[練習(xí)]根據(jù)漢語提示，補(bǔ)全英語句子。

1)Theshopkeeps____________________(商品品種多).

2)_____________(年齡范圍)isfromsixtotwelveyearsold.

3)Thetemperature__________________________(在15度到35度之間).

4)Weshould_______________(列身于;站在……的方面)onthesideoflawandorder.

Keys:1)awiderangeofgoods2)Theagerange3)rangesfrom15to35degrees4)rangeourselves5．a(chǎn)verageadj.平均的;一般的，普通的，中等的n.平均，平均數(shù)

[典例]

1)Hisaverageresultofthisthreesubjectsis96.他三科的平均成績是96。

2)Theaverageof4,8,and60is24。4、8和60的平均數(shù)是24。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

abovetheaverage高于平均水平

belowtheaverage在一般水平以下

ontheaverage平均,按平均數(shù)計(jì)算;一般地說

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)他在我們班處于中等位置。

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2）這一地區(qū)農(nóng)民的收入高于全省的平均水平。

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Keys:1)Heisanaveragestudentinourclass.2)Theincomeofthefarmersinthisareaisabovetheaverageoftheprovince.6.existencen.生存

[典例]

1)Anythinginexistenceisreasonable.所有的存在都是合理的。

2)Inthemiddleage,noonedoubtedabouttheexistenceofGod中世紀(jì)時(shí)沒人懷疑上帝的存在

[重點(diǎn)用法]

inexistence存在

existv.存在

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)富裕和貧窮同時(shí)存在于這個(gè)世界里。

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2）人們認(rèn)為他是這個(gè)世界上最好心的人。

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Keys:1)Wealthandpovertyexistatthesametimeintheworld.2)Heisbelievedtobethekindestpersoninexistence.7.refreshv.(使)精神振作,(使)精力恢復(fù),更新

[典例]

1)Whentired,youcanrefreshyourselfwithacupoftea困時(shí)喝杯茶提神

2)Refreshstoragebatteryincaseofbeingoutofenergyhalfway.給蓄電池充電以免半路沒電。

3)Thehostrefreshedourteacups.主人又為我們斟茶。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)長時(shí)間工作后，一杯冰水使他精神振作。

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2)有時(shí)一件小東西也會喚起人們的記憶

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Acupoficywaterrefreshedhimafteralongtime’swork.2)Sometimes,asmallthingallcanrefreshyourmemoryV.詞組

1.comeabout發(fā)生

1)Howdidthiscomeabout?這是怎么發(fā)生的?

2)IdontknowhowitcameaboutbutIvegotadentintherearofmycar.

我不知道是怎么回事，但我的汽車后部有了一個(gè)凹痕。

[短語歸納]

comealong出現(xiàn),發(fā)生；

comeout出來,長出；

cometo達(dá)到；

cometooneself蘇醒,醒悟；

comeupwith趕上,提出

Itsalready10oclock.Iwonderhowit____________thatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.

A.cameoverB.cameoutC.cameaboutD.cameup

答案與分析：C?？疾閯?dòng)詞come構(gòu)成的短語。A為“過去”；B為“出來”；D為“出現(xiàn)，到來”；

為“發(fā)生”。

2.quantitiesof大量的

[典例]

1)Beforetheyenteranentranceexamination,theyhavetodoquantitiesofexercise.

在參加入學(xué)考試前，他們得做大量的練習(xí)。

2)Hedrinkslargequantitiesofwatereveryday.他每天都喝大量的水。

[短語歸納]

A(large)quantityof/quantitiesof+名詞（可數(shù)/不可數(shù)）

Amountof/amountsof+不可數(shù)名詞

注意：以上短語修飾名詞充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，由quantity/amount的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)桌上擺滿大量的食物。

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2)在這個(gè)地區(qū)僅提供少量的牛奶

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Keys:1)Largequantitiesoffoodwereonthetable.2)Onlyasmallquantityofmilkisofferedinthisarea.3.resultin導(dǎo)致

找教案//

1)Stressandtirednessoftenresultinalackofconcentration.緊張和疲勞常使人精神不集中。

2)Actingbeforethinkingalwaysresultsinfailure.做事不先考慮總會導(dǎo)致失敗.

3)Theaccidentresultedinthedeathoftwopeople.這場意外事故造成兩人死亡。

4)Excessivedosageofthisdrugcanresultininjurytotheliver.這種藥使用過量會損害肝臟。

[短語歸納]

leadto作“導(dǎo)致”

resultfrom由...產(chǎn)生；

asresult因此;結(jié)果；

asaresultof作為...的結(jié)果;由于...

withoutresult無效地,毫無結(jié)果地；

[練習(xí)]根據(jù)漢語提示，補(bǔ)全英語句子。（每空一詞）

1)結(jié)果他們拯救了這座森林里90％的樹木。

_______________,theysaved90%ofthetreesintheforest.

2)我一直在想法打開箱子，但到現(xiàn)在這沒有沒打開。

Ivebeentryingtoopenthebox,but__________sofar.

3)此項(xiàng)工程的擱置已導(dǎo)致了6個(gè)人被解雇。

Theshelvingoftheprojecthave__________sixredundancy.

4)她勤奮苦讀，終于進(jìn)了中山大學(xué)。

_______________ofherhardworkwasaplaceatZhongshanUniversity.

Keys:1)Asaresult2)withoutresult3)resultedin4)Asaresult4.beopposedto反對

1)AllthestatesinUNwereopposedtothewarlaunchedbyIsrael.所有的聯(lián)合國成員國都反對以色列發(fā)起的這場戰(zhàn)爭。

2)ManyresidentsinGuangzhouareopposedtotheplanoftearingdowntheoldbuildings.

廣州許多居民反對拆毀舊房子的計(jì)劃。

[短語歸納]

表示反對：disagreewith;objectto;beagainst

表示贊成：agreewith;beinfavourof;befor

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)熱愛和平的人們都反對核反應(yīng)。

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2)我們贊成她升為總裁

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Keys:1)Peoplelovingpeaceareopposedtonuclearweapon.2)Weareinfavorofherpromotiontopresident.5.onbehalfof代表……一方

1)Myhusbandcouldnotbeheretonight,butlwanttothankyouonhisbehalf.我丈夫今晚因故不能前來,我代表他向你們致謝。

2)Weattendedtheglobalconferenceonbehalfofourcountry.

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)很榮幸在這兒代表我的學(xué)校演出。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)那個(gè)英雄的妻子代替她死去的丈夫接受了這枚勛章。

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Keys:1)I’mgreatlyhonoredtoputonperformancehereonbehalfofmyschool.2)Thehero’swifeacceptedthemedalonbehalfofherdeadhusband.6．putupwith忍受；容忍

1)Imnotgoingtoputupwiththis!我再也受不了啦！

2)Wehavetoputupwithherbadtemper.我們只得忍受她的壞脾氣。

3)Noiseiscomingtothepointwherewecantputupwithit.噪音快到我們無法忍受的地步。

[短語歸納]

putaside節(jié)??；putaway儲存；putdown寫下

putoff延期；putout熄滅；putup舉起；

Tomwouldliketofindsomewheretoworkbecausehecannot_____theboss.

A.comeupwithB.catchupwithC.keepupwithD.putupwith

答案與分析：D?？疾樵~組辨析。根據(jù)所給語境可知他無法“忍受”這個(gè)老板。A項(xiàng)表示“想出”

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)在這種情況下，我們不得不忍受不便之處.

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2)不允許拖延付清帳單

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Keys:1)Inthatsituation,wehadtoputupwiththeinconvenience.2)Wearenotallowedtoputoffpayingthebills.7.solongas只要

1)Aslongasyoudontbetrayme,Illdowhateveryouaskmeto(do).

只要你不出賣我，要我做什么我都愿意。

2)Aslongaslive,Iwillhelpyou.只要我活著，我都會幫助你。

3)Aslongasyoudrivecarefully,youwillbeverysafe.如果你開車小心，你就會很安全。

4)Idontmindaslongasitdoesntrain.只要不下雨就行了。
[短語歸納]

onconditionthat…在……的條件下

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1）如果我掙到足夠的錢，我就出國。

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2）只要你能給我們合適的原因，我們就會幫助你。

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Keys:1)IwillgoabroadonconditionthatIearnenoughmoney.2)Wewillhelpyouonconditionthat/aslongasyoucanofferustheproperreason.

VI重點(diǎn)句子（旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）

Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneofwhichiscarbondioxide.這個(gè)升溫過程的一些副產(chǎn)品就叫“溫室”氣體,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳.

[解釋]one/all/every/each/part…ofwhich(whom)引導(dǎo)的定語從句，表示“他（它）們中的一個(gè)/所有/每/部分……”

[典例]

1)Ihavethreegoodfriends,allofwhomhaveemigratedtoU.S.A.我有三個(gè)好朋友，他們都移民美國了。

2)Herearemanykitties,twoofwhichareyellow.這有許多小貓，其中兩只是黃色的。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

我有三個(gè)叔叔,其中最年輕的叔叔三年前去了澳洲.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Key:Ihavethreeuncles,theyoungestoneofwhomwenttoAustraliathreeyearsago.

二、課文要點(diǎn)

1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）

根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：

When1(compare)withmostnaturalchanges,thatthetemperatureoftheearthroseaboutonedegreeFahrenheitduringthe20thcenturyisquiteshocking.Andit’shumanactivity2hascausedthis3(全球的)warmingrather4arandombutnatural5（現(xiàn)象）.DrJaniceFosterexplainsthatweaddhuge6ofextracarbondioxidetotheatmospherebyburningfossilfuels.Fromthesecond7（圖表）andthediscoveryofCharlesKeeling,allscientistsbelievethattheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelshasresulted8theincreaseincarbondioxide.Greenhousegasescontinuetobuildup.Somethinkthatthetrendwouldbea9(災(zāi)難).Ontheotherhand,GeorgeHambley10(聲明)thatmorecarbondioxidewouldencourageagreaterrangeofanimalsandbringusabetterlife.

答案：1.compared2.that3.global4.rather5.phenomenon

6.quantities7.graph8.in9.catastrophe10.states2課文大意概括（旨在訓(xùn)練用30個(gè)單詞概括大意的能力）

閱讀課文，試著用30來個(gè)單詞概括課文大意或翻譯下面短文。

通過文章我們得知，地球的溫度正在上升。它也給我們展示不同的想法和根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)圖表分析全球氣候變暖的原因，地球的溫度和增加可能造成的影響。

Fromthepassageweknowthat______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Fromthepassageweknowthatthetemperatureoftheearthisrising.Italsoshowsusdifferentideasaboutglobalwarmingandanalyzesthecausesoftheearth’sincreasedtemperatureandthepossibleeffectsaccordingtothedatafromthegraphs.

3課文佳句背誦與仿寫（旨在培養(yǎng)對難句的理解和運(yùn)用能力）找教案//

1.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmerandthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.毫無疑問，地球是在變暖，而地球變暖正是人類活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致而成，并非是一種無規(guī)律的自然現(xiàn)象。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：thereisnodoubtthat…andthat…句式+itis…that強(qiáng)調(diào)句

毫無疑問，圣誕節(jié)的慶?；顒?dòng)是一個(gè)很好的學(xué)習(xí)方式的西方文化;而且慶祝圣誕節(jié)，讓我們的生活更有趣。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：ThereisnodoubtthatthecelebrationofChristmasisagoodwayoflearningthewesterncultureandthatitisthecelebrationofChristmasthatmakesourlifemoreinteresting.

毫無疑問，太多的電腦游戲會對學(xué)生的健康有不良影響，而且玩電腦太多花費(fèi)他們太多的時(shí)間導(dǎo)致花在學(xué)習(xí)上的時(shí)間太少。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Thereisnodoubtthattoomanycomputergamescanhaveabadeffectonstudents’healthandthatitisplayingtoomuchcomputerthatcoststhemtoomuchtimeresultingintoolittletimeonstudy.2．Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneofwhichiscarbondioxide.這個(gè)升溫過程的一些副產(chǎn)品就叫做“溫室”氣體，其中最重要的是二氧化碳。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句,+themost+adj.of+which引導(dǎo)的定語從句

一些可能的措施應(yīng)采取以防止我們的地球越來越熱，而其中最重要的措施之一是限制私家車的使用。_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Somepossibleactionsshouldbetakentokeepourearthfromgettingwarm,themostimportantoneofwhichistolimitstheuseofprivatecars.

一些良好的學(xué)習(xí)方法應(yīng)采取以改善你的學(xué)習(xí)，而其中最有效的方法之一是與你的同學(xué)討論。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Somegoodlearningmethodsshouldbeadoptedtoimproveyourstudy,themosteffectiveoneofwhichistodiscusswithyourclassmates.3.Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.他們還贊同正是由于越來越多燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：賓語從句中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句

文章表明是人類的活動(dòng)對村莊造成的環(huán)境破壞。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Thepassageindicatesthatitishuman’sactivitiesthathasresultedintheenvironmentaldestructiontothevillage.

我們都同意的是年輕一代應(yīng)該負(fù)起振興國家的責(zé)任。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Weallagreethatitistheyoungergenerationthatshouldtakeuptheresponsibilitytobuildupthecountry.

三、單元自測

1完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21—30各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

詞數(shù)：161

完成時(shí)間：15分鐘

難度：***

Wouldntitbegreatifwedidnthavetorememberpasswords(密碼)everagain?Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbe21loggedin(登錄)?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognitiontechnologytologyouontoWindows,ratherthanusinga22.Allyouneedisawebcamandyourprettyfaceto23yourPC.Nomore24,confusingpasswordstorememberorchangeeveryfewmonths.

Afterdoingalittleresearch,Ifoundthistypeof25alreadyavailabletoconsumersviaarelatively26applicationcalledFaceCode.The27requirestheuseofawebcamtorecognizeandlogPCusersintotheirsystems.Youcanaddasmany28asyouwant,providedtheyeachhaveaWindowsaccount.Ifthesystem29torecognizeyour30,youcanrecalltheWindowsusernameandpasswordbyusingahot-keycombination.

21.A.automaticallyB.personallyC.correctlyD.occasionally

22.A.faceB.passwordC.softwareD.system

23.A.accessB.connectC.recognizeD.remember

24.A.simpleB.complicatedC.specialD.useful

25.A.computerB.technologyC.passwordD.application

26.A.independentB.infrequentC.inexpensiveD.instant

27.A.accountB.consumerC.designerD.software

28.A.usersB.passwordsC.systemsD.computers

29.A.beginsB.triesC.failsD.stops

30.A.accountB.nameC.passwordD.face

[答案解析]

21．A根據(jù)上下文可知，此處意思為：如果我們只需坐在電腦前而無需輸入密碼就可以自動(dòng)登錄該多好。A自動(dòng)地；B個(gè)人的；C正確的；D偶爾的，臨時(shí)的。

22．B由上文可知，因“用臉部識別技術(shù)來幫你登錄”了，所以“不需要用密碼”。

23．A由上文可知此處所選詞的意思相當(dāng)于上文中的login(登錄)，故選A，存取(信息)，訪問。

24．B由文章開頭第—句話可知密碼難記，同時(shí)根據(jù)本句中的并列詞confusing(令人糊涂的，混亂的)可知答案為B(復(fù)雜的)。

25．B根據(jù)上文中提到的．．．usesfacerecognitiontechnology．．．可知。

26．C本句話的意思為通過使用一種叫做"FaceCode"的相對便宜的應(yīng)用程序，用戶就可以使用這種技術(shù)了。根據(jù)本句中availabletocustomers可以判斷出此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是價(jià)格。application在本句中為應(yīng)用程序,應(yīng)用軟件的意思。

27．D根據(jù)上下文可知，此處所選的詞意思相當(dāng)于上句話中的application，故選D，程序系統(tǒng)，軟件。

28．A根據(jù)下句話中的theyeachhaveaWindowsaccount可以判斷出此處是指可以添加多個(gè)電腦用戶。

29．Cfailto，在此表示couldn’t的詞義。

30．D如果系統(tǒng)不能認(rèn)出你的面孔，你還可以用熱鍵組合來取回你的用戶名和密碼。

2語法填空

語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號為31-40的相應(yīng)位置上。

詞數(shù)：209

完成時(shí)間：8分鐘

難度：***

DearSir

Beingcompletelydeafmyself,Ireadyourreportofthepoorconditionsofthedeafandmute(啞)whoweregatheringinNewYork31(beg).Isupposedthat32couldnothappenhereinAustralia.33,twoyearslater,IwashavingdinnerinarestaurantinSydney34apersonenteredandstartedhandingoutplasticjewellery(首飾)andanotetopeopleateachtable.Themainideaofthenotewas,"Iamunabletospeakand35(hear)inaworldofvoicesandmusic.36youkindlybuythesethings?"Whenhecametomytable,Iquestionedhim37signlanguage.Hewasalittlesurprised.Thenhesaidinalowvoice"donttalk"(whichIcouldreadfromhislipmovement)andmovedaway.

Pleasedonot38(take)inbythosepeople.Pleasedonotgivethemanymoney.Theyare39deafnorrepresentative(代表)ofthedeaf.Theymakeuseofpeoplespity,and40theyaredoingwilldoharmtoallthathasbeenachievedbythedeafinthelast20years-includingputtingthispracticetoanend.

Trulyyours,

JohnWilliams

答案：

31．begging32．it33．However34．when35．hear36．Would37．in38．betaken

39．neither40．what

31．begging，現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。

32．it,代詞，代替前文提到的聾啞人聚在一起乞討這回事。

33．However，表轉(zhuǎn)折，“然而，可是”。

34．when，考查bedoingsthwhen．．．／beabouttodosth．when…．的結(jié)構(gòu)，表“正在／即將去做……突然／就在那時(shí)……”。

35．hear，and連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式tospeak和(to)hear。

36．Would，Wouldyouplease／kindlydosth?表客氣婉轉(zhuǎn)的請求。

37．in，介詞，insighlanguage"用手勢語”，表方式：

38．betaken，由該句中的by可知，此處考查動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

39．neither,neither…nor…是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表“既不……也不……；兩者都不……”

40．what，考查由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句。3閱讀理解找教案//

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

詞數(shù)：343

完成時(shí)間：6分鐘

難度：**

Thesedays,itseasytoflyacrossoceansforvacation.Centuriesago,however,crossingtheopenseasrequiredthoroughandaccurateplanning,handmadeboats,andcourage.Scientistsandhistorianshavelongbeenlookingforcluestoexplainwhocrossedwhichoceansfirst.WhenitcomestothetripbetweenPolynesia(玻利尼西亞中太平洋群島)andSouthAmerica,chickensmayhavebeenamongthefirstoceanvoyagers,accordingtonewevidence.

Afterstudyinganancientchickenbone,anthropologists(人類學(xué)家)fromtheUniversityofAucklandinNewZealandnowsaythatpeopleandchickenstraveledfromPolynesiatowhatisnowChile(智利)byabout620yearsago.Bythen,theIncapeoplewerealreadylivinginSouthAmerica,butthePolynesianswouldhavebeenthefirsttogettherebysea.PrevioustheoriesclaimedthatEuropeanexplorersandtheirchickenssailedtoSouthAmericafirst--butthosevoyagersdidntarriveuntilaboutacenturylater.

In2002,archaeologistsdugup50chickenbonesfromasiteinChilecalledElArenal.TheteamfromNewZealandanalyzedonetothesebones.Accordingtotheircalculations,theboneisabout650yearsold.

Theresearchersalsocomparedthegeneticmaterial,orDNA,fromtheSouthAmericanchickenbonewithDNAfrom11chickenbonesthathadbeenfoundonthePolynesianislandsofTongaandAmericanSamoa.Theseislandsare6,000mileswestofChile.ThebonesfoundonthePolynesianislandsarebeen600and2,000yearsold.

ResultsofthecomparisonsshowedthatthechickenbonesfromboththePolynesianandSouthAmericansiteshadpartofDNAincommon.TheresearchersfoundthesamepartofDNAinfeathersoftwolivingchickensinChilethatbelongtoamodembreedthatlaysblueeggs.ThatDNAevidencesuggestsacloserelationshipamongthechickens.

"However,theweightofscientificevidenceisnowbehindthehypothesis(假設(shè))thatitwasseafaring(航海)PolynesianswhosailedfromtheislandstoSouthAmericaandreturned,"saysarchaeologistPatrickV.KirchoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.

41.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.ItwasdifficultforancientpeopletotravelbetweenPolynesiaandSouthAmerica.

B.ThefirstpeoplewholivedinChileandPolynesia.

C.ValuablechickenboneshavebeenfoundinChile.

D.Chickens--thefirsttotravelbetweenPolynesiaandSouthAmerica.

42.WhendidthefirstEuropeanexplorersreachSouthAmerica?

A.About620yearsago.B.About2.000yearsago.

C.About600yearsago.D.About520yearsago.

43.PeoplefoundthatchickenswereamongthefirsttotravelfromPolynesiatoSouthAmericaby___________.

A.comparingthecolorsofeggslaidbychickensfromthetwoplaces

B.comparingtheDNAofchickenbonesduguponthePolynesianislandsandthatofthechickenbonesfromSouthAmerica

C.studyingsomeprevioustheories

D.askingthenativesofSouthAmerica

44.Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?

A.EuropeanexplorersandtheirchickenswerethefirsttosailtoSouthAmerica.

B.ChickensinSouthAmericahavethesameancestorsasthoseinPolynesia.

C.Inancienttimes,a6,000-milechannelseparatedPolynesiafromSouthAmerica.

D.BeforethePolynesiansarrivedinSouthAmerica,theIncapeoplehadlivedthere.

45.Whywasitdifficultforpeopletotravelacrosstheoceansinancienttimes,accordingtothepassage?

1)Itwasdifficulttotakemanychickensasfood.

2)Peoplehaddifficultymakingcarefulanddetailedsailingplans.

3)Peoplelackedmapsandtheknowledgeofweatherforecasting.

4)Peoplehadtomakeboatsbyhand.

5)Ittookgreatdeterminationtocrossanocean.

A.1)4)5)B.2)3)4)C.2)4)5)D.1)2)3)

答案：

現(xiàn)在飛越海洋是一件輕而易舉的事情，然而幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以前渡過海洋需要周密的計(jì)劃、人造船只和勇氣。是誰最先渡過了哪個(gè)海洋一直是科學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家研究的話題，最近研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)雞可能也是最早渡過玻利尼西亞和南美之間的海洋的。

41.D。主旨大意題。本文在第一段點(diǎn)題，根據(jù)第一段第四句“WhenitcomestothetripbetweenPolynesiaandSouthAmerica,chickensmayhavebeenamongthefirstoceanvoyagers,accordingtonewevidence.”并根據(jù)后面科學(xué)家對在玻利尼西亞群島和南美洲挖出的雞骨進(jìn)行DNA鑒定等，可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

42.D。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第二段可知第一批從Polynesia到Chile的人是在大約620年前，而根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，第一批歐洲人晚了大約一個(gè)世紀(jì)，因此他們是約在520年前到的南美洲的。

43.B。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章倒數(shù)第三段“Theresearchersalsocomparedthegeneticmaterial,orDNA,fromtheSouthAmericanchickenbonewithDNAfrom11chickenbonesthathadbeenfoundonthePolynesianislandsofTongaandAmericanSamoa.”和倒數(shù)第二段可知科學(xué)家是通過對兩地挖出的雞骨進(jìn)行DNA鑒定發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)結(jié)果的。

44.D。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第二段第二句“Bythen,theIncapeoplewerealreadylivinginSouthAmerica...”可知theIncapeople在玻利尼西亞人到達(dá)南美洲之前，已經(jīng)在那里居住了。

45.C。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段“Centuriesago,however,crossingtheopenseasrequiredthoroughandaccurateplanning,handmadeboats,andcourage.”可知，跨海之旅要有計(jì)劃、有船，而且還需要勇氣，所以答案選擇C。

4.讀寫任務(wù)

閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文：

Ilikewatergymnasticsbestformanyreasons.Firstofall,Iamagoodswimmer.Therefore,IaminterestedinallkindsofOlympicswimmingsports.Especially,Iamfondofwatergymnasticsfortwomajorreasons－theamazingmovementsandthosesexyandthoseverybeautifulwomenswimmers.Mostimportantly,Ilikethegreatmusicandtheiramazingperformanceinwaterballet.WhenIwatchthisOlympicsport,Icanlearntheirprofessionaltechniquesinswimming.

Forexample,swimmersperformanceisevaluatedbasedonaseriesofpredeterminedelements.Armsectionsandfigures,similartothoseoffigureskating,arealsorequired,andallelementsmustbepresentedinaspecificorder.Becausesynchronized(同步的)swimmingroutinesrequireexceptionalbreathcontrol,judgesalsotakeintoconsiderationtheabilityoftheswimmerstopreservetheillusion(n.幻想)ofeffortlessnesswhileholdingtheirbreathforuptotwominutes.

[寫作內(nèi)容]

1．以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)。

2．然后以120個(gè)詞寫一篇英語短文談?wù)勀阆矚g的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：

1)你喜歡哪一種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目。

2)說明你的理由。

3)該體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目對你的日常生活造成的某些影響和感想。

[寫作要求]

1．作文中可使用自己的親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容．但不得直接引用原文中的句子；標(biāo)題自定。

2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。

[評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]概括準(zhǔn)確。語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。

[寫作輔導(dǎo)]

1．寫作有可能用到的主要短語和單詞：羽毛球badminton，排球volleyball，足球football，體操gymnastics，網(wǎng)球tennis，跳高h(yuǎn)ighjumping，射擊／射箭5hooung，游泳swimming，棒球baseball，最喜歡的favourite，表演performance，對……影響haveaneffectonsth/sb.

2．本文的概要必須包含以下要點(diǎn)：Ilikewatergymnasticsbestformanyreasons./Especially,Iamfondofwatergymnasticsfortwomajorreasons-theamazingmovementsandthosesexyandthoseverybeautifulwomenswimmers./Forexample,swimmersperformanceisevaluatedbasedonaseriesofpredeterminedelements.

3．本文要注意，概要一定要根據(jù)文段的時(shí)態(tài)來寫。同時(shí)，絕對不能抄襲原文的句子：文章中描述的是你喜歡哪一種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目和理由、感想等等，都屬于評論性文字和結(jié)論性的觀點(diǎn)，故多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)態(tài)：

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:

IHaveFalleninDeepLovewithFootball

Intheabovepassage,thewritertellsusthereasonswhyhelikeswatergymnastics,suchastheamazingmovementsandthosesexyandthoseverybeautifulwomenswimmers.

FootballisaverypopularsportintheworldandIthinkIhavefallenindeeplovewithit,whichmakesmefeelsocrazy.Ihavespentlotsoftimedoingmanythingsrelatedtofootball,likewatchingfootballmatches,readingnewspapersandmagazines,searchingtheWebformoreinformationaboutfootball,whichcertainlydisturbsmynormalstudy.Icantconcentratesomuchonmylessons,fallingasleepinclassthenextdayandnotfinishingnayhomeworkontimethatIhavealmostlostinterestinmystudies.

HowshouldIdealwiththecontradictionbetweenmystudiesandhobbies?Somehelpfulsuggestionsareneeded.Meanwhile,IquiteregretthatIshouldnthavebeenaddictedtofootballsomuch.Maybe,Ixafillgetoutofthetroublewithmyeffortsandfallinlovewithmystudyagain.

高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)黃金學(xué)案――Unit4Globalwarming（選修六）

一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)方面無論做什么事都有計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備，作為教師就需要提前準(zhǔn)備好適合自己的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠聽懂教師所講的內(nèi)容，幫助教師更好的完成實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)。所以你在寫教案時(shí)要注意些什么呢？以下是小編為大家精心整理的“高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)黃金學(xué)案――Unit4Globalwarming（選修六）”，供大家參考，希望能幫助到有需要的朋友。

高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)黃金學(xué)案――Unit4Globalwarming（選修六）

一、語言要點(diǎn)

I單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）

詞匯

部分

詞語

辨析

1.consequence/result/effect/outcome2.glance/gaze/glare/stare

詞形

變化

1.agreev.同意

disagreev.不同意

agreement/disagreementn.同意/不同意

2.existv.存在

existencen.存在

3.statev.陳述，說明

statementn.聲明，闡述4.environmentn.環(huán)境

environmentaladj.周圍的，環(huán)境的

environmentalistn.環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者

重點(diǎn)

單詞

1.phenomenonn.現(xiàn)象

2.tendvt.趨向,往往是；照管,護(hù)理

3.statevt.聲明,陳述

4.rangen.行列,范圍；vt.排列,歸類于

5.averageadj.平均的

6.existencen.生存

7.advocate倡導(dǎo)，擁護(hù)

8.refreshv.(使)精神振作,(使)精力恢復(fù),更新

9.contributionn.捐獻(xiàn),貢獻(xiàn),投稿

重點(diǎn)

詞組

comeabout發(fā)生quantitiesof大量的resultin導(dǎo)致beopposedto反對

onbehalfof代表……一方putupwith忍受；容忍solongas只要

重點(diǎn)句子

1.Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneofwhichiscarbondioxide.

這個(gè)升溫過程的一些副產(chǎn)品就叫“溫室”氣體,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳.

重點(diǎn)語法

it的用法（II）(見語法專題)

II詞語辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1).consequence/result/effect/outcome

consequence強(qiáng)調(diào)因某件事而引起的后果，有時(shí)帶貶義。

result普通用語，指某行動(dòng)，計(jì)劃或事件帶來的最終結(jié)果。

effect與相對，指動(dòng)作行為帶來的后果或效應(yīng)。

outcome側(cè)重某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，比賽的結(jié)果，結(jié)局

選擇consequence/result/effect或outcome并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>1)The________ofthegamewasbeyondourexpectation.

2)The_________ofthemeetingwasthatnooneshouldbedismissed.

3)Theadvertisementshavemuch________onconsumers’choice.

4)In_________oflaziness,hewasfired.

Keys:1)outcome2)result3)effect4)consequence

2).glance/gaze/glare/stare看，注視

glance一瞥，匆匆一看，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的短暫

gaze凝視，注視，因驚異或贊賞而長時(shí)間無意識地凝視某人或某事物

glare怒視，帶有敵對或威脅的態(tài)度

stare盯著看，含有無禮或粗俗的意味。

選擇glance/gaze/glare或stare，并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>1)Theystoodatthetopofthehill,_______atthesplendidsunset.

2)Themanager______atthedocumentandsigneddownhisname.

3)Thedog_____atthestrangerandbarked.

4)Don’t_______,it’srude!

Keys:1)gazing2)glanced3)glared4)stare

III詞性變化（旨在提供語法填空所需材料）

1.agreev.同意

disagreev.不同意

agreement/disagreementn.同意/不同意

2.existv.存在

existencen.存在

3.statev.陳述，說明

statementn.聲明，闡述4.environmentn.環(huán)境

environmentaladj.周圍的，環(huán)境的

environmentalistn.環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者

根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1)The________pointedoutthatthechangeof________willcausecertaingreat________disaster.(environment)

2)Itwas______thatthenew-electedpresidentofU.S.Amadea________announcingnewpoliciestoreducetheconsequenceofeconomycrisis.(state)

3)ThoughthetwoPartyusually_______witheachother,theyhavereachedan________onthelevelsofgreenhousegasestheywillallow.(agree)

4)Inthesurvey,peoplefounditfunnythatmanyofthelongest-lastingmarriagesin______arethosebetweenpeoplewho________infrequentquarrel.(exist)

keys:1)environmentalist;environment;environmental2)stated;statement3)disagree;agreement4)existence;exist

IV重點(diǎn)詞匯（旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）

1.phenomenonn.現(xiàn)象;奇跡，罕見的人才或事物phenomena(pl.)

[典例]

1)Rainandsnowarephenomenaoftheweather.雨雪是天氣現(xiàn)象。

2)Beethovenwasaphenomenonamongmusicians.貝多芬是音樂家中的天才。

3)thephenomenaofnature自然現(xiàn)象

4)asocialphenomenon社會現(xiàn)象

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)月蝕是一種罕見的現(xiàn)象。

________________________________________________________________________________________

2)你能向我解釋下這一奇怪的自然現(xiàn)象嗎？

________________________________________________________________________________________

3)盡管中途退出了2008年奧運(yùn)會，劉翔依然是跨欄項(xiàng)目的罕見的人才。

________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Aneclipseofthemoonisararephenomenon.2)Couldyouexplaintomethestrangenaturalphenomenon?

3)Thoughquittinginthe2008BeijingOlympicGames,LiuXiangisstillaphenomenoninhurdleracing.2.tendvt.趨向,往往是；照管,護(hù)理

[重點(diǎn)用法]

tendencyn.趨向，傾向（常與to/towards連用）

[典例]

1)Mostofboystendtoenjoyplayingbasketball.大部分男孩都喜歡打籃球。

2)Theolderwomentendtobelieveinstrangerseasily.老人更容易輕信陌生人。

3)AteamofmedicalworkersweresenttotendthesurvivorsofwenchuanEarthquake.

一組醫(yī)護(hù)人員被派去照料汶川地震的幸存者。

4)Nowadaysthereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoshoponinternet.如今人們網(wǎng)上購物有增加的趨勢

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)處于壓力下的人更容易發(fā)揮自己的全部潛能。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)當(dāng)老板不在時(shí)請他照看一個(gè)商店

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Peopleunderstresstendtodeveloptheirfullrangeofpotential.2)Hewasrequiredtotendastoreintheownersabsence.3.statevt.聲明,陳述n.狀況，情況；國家

[重點(diǎn)用法]

state+名詞/that從句/wh-從句

statementn.聲明,陳述

[典例]

1)Sheisinaterriblestatetoday.她今天心情不好。

2)theheadofstate國家首腦

3)Hehaspubliclystatedhissupportforthepolicy.他已公開聲明他會支持那項(xiàng)政策。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)合同清楚地?cái)⑹隽四琼?xiàng)工作應(yīng)在何時(shí)完成。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)我聽見那位官員說不接納兒童。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Thecontractstatedwhentheworkshouldbefinished.2)Iheardtheofficialstatethattheywould

notacceptchildren.4.rangen.行列,范圍；vt.排列,歸類于

[重點(diǎn)用法]

beyondtherangeof…超越……的范圍

outofone’srange某人達(dá)不到的

rangeoneself站在……的方面

rangefrom…to…/between…and…從……到……不等

[練習(xí)]根據(jù)漢語提示，補(bǔ)全英語句子。

1)Theshopkeeps____________________(商品品種多).

2)_____________(年齡范圍)isfromsixtotwelveyearsold.

3)Thetemperature__________________________(在15度到35度之間).

4)Weshould_______________(列身于;站在……的方面)onthesideoflawandorder.

Keys:1)awiderangeofgoods2)Theagerange3)rangesfrom15to35degrees4)rangeourselves5．a(chǎn)verageadj.平均的;一般的，普通的，中等的n.平均，平均數(shù)

[典例]

1)Hisaverageresultofthisthreesubjectsis96.他三科的平均成績是96。

2)Theaverageof4,8,and60is24。4、8和60的平均數(shù)是24。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

abovetheaverage高于平均水平

belowtheaverage在一般水平以下

ontheaverage平均,按平均數(shù)計(jì)算;一般地說

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)他在我們班處于中等位置。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2）這一地區(qū)農(nóng)民的收入高于全省的平均水平。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Heisanaveragestudentinourclass.2)Theincomeofthefarmersinthisareaisabovetheaverageoftheprovince.6.existencen.生存

[典例]

1)Anythinginexistenceisreasonable.所有的存在都是合理的。

2)Inthemiddleage,noonedoubtedabouttheexistenceofGod中世紀(jì)時(shí)沒人懷疑上帝的存在

[重點(diǎn)用法]

inexistence存在

existv.存在

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)富裕和貧窮同時(shí)存在于這個(gè)世界里。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2）人們認(rèn)為他是這個(gè)世界上最好心的人。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Wealthandpovertyexistatthesametimeintheworld.2)Heisbelievedtobethekindestpersoninexistence.7.refreshv.(使)精神振作,(使)精力恢復(fù),更新

[典例]

1)Whentired,youcanrefreshyourselfwithacupoftea困時(shí)喝杯茶提神

2)Refreshstoragebatteryincaseofbeingoutofenergyhalfway.給蓄電池充電以免半路沒電。

3)Thehostrefreshedourteacups.主人又為我們斟茶。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)長時(shí)間工作后，一杯冰水使他精神振作。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)有時(shí)一件小東西也會喚起人們的記憶

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Acupoficywaterrefreshedhimafteralongtime’swork.2)Sometimes,asmallthingallcanrefreshyourmemoryV.詞組

1.comeabout發(fā)生

1)Howdidthiscomeabout?這是怎么發(fā)生的?

2)IdontknowhowitcameaboutbutIvegotadentintherearofmycar.

我不知道是怎么回事，但我的汽車后部有了一個(gè)凹痕。

[短語歸納]

comealong出現(xiàn),發(fā)生；

comeout出來,長出；

cometo達(dá)到；

cometooneself蘇醒,醒悟；

comeupwith趕上,提出

Itsalready10oclock.Iwonderhowit____________thatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.

A.cameoverB.cameoutC.cameaboutD.cameup

答案與分析：C。考查動(dòng)詞come構(gòu)成的短語。A為“過去”；B為“出來”；D為“出現(xiàn)，到來”；

為“發(fā)生”。

2.quantitiesof大量的

[典例]

1)Beforetheyenteranentranceexamination,theyhavetodoquantitiesofexercise.

在參加入學(xué)考試前，他們得做大量的練習(xí)。

2)Hedrinkslargequantitiesofwatereveryday.他每天都喝大量的水。

[短語歸納]

A(large)quantityof/quantitiesof+名詞（可數(shù)/不可數(shù)）

Amountof/amountsof+不可數(shù)名詞

注意：以上短語修飾名詞充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，由quantity/amount的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)桌上擺滿大量的食物。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)在這個(gè)地區(qū)僅提供少量的牛奶

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Largequantitiesoffoodwereonthetable.2)Onlyasmallquantityofmilkisofferedinthisarea.3.resultin導(dǎo)致

1)Stressandtirednessoftenresultinalackofconcentration.緊張和疲勞常使人精神不集中。

2)Actingbeforethinkingalwaysresultsinfailure.做事不先考慮總會導(dǎo)致失敗.

3)Theaccidentresultedinthedeathoftwopeople.這場意外事故造成兩人死亡。

4)Excessivedosageofthisdrugcanresultininjurytotheliver.這種藥使用過量會損害肝臟。

[短語歸納]

leadto作“導(dǎo)致”

resultfrom由...產(chǎn)生；

asresult因此;結(jié)果；

asaresultof作為...的結(jié)果;由于...

withoutresult無效地,毫無結(jié)果地；

[練習(xí)]根據(jù)漢語提示，補(bǔ)全英語句子。（每空一詞）

1)結(jié)果他們拯救了這座森林里90％的樹木。

_______________,theysaved90%ofthetreesintheforest.

2)我一直在想法打開箱子，但到現(xiàn)在這沒有沒打開。

Ivebeentryingtoopenthebox,but__________sofar.

3)此項(xiàng)工程的擱置已導(dǎo)致了6個(gè)人被解雇。

Theshelvingoftheprojecthave__________sixredundancy.

4)她勤奮苦讀，終于進(jìn)了中山大學(xué)。

_______________ofherhardworkwasaplaceatZhongshanUniversity.

Keys:1)Asaresult2)withoutresult3)resultedin4)Asaresult4.beopposedto反對

1)AllthestatesinUNwereopposedtothewarlaunchedbyIsrael.所有的聯(lián)合國成員國都反對以色列發(fā)起的這場戰(zhàn)爭。

2)ManyresidentsinGuangzhouareopposedtotheplanoftearingdowntheoldbuildings.

廣州許多居民反對拆毀舊房子的計(jì)劃。

[短語歸納]

表示反對：disagreewith;objectto;beagainst

表示贊成：agreewith;beinfavourof;befor

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)熱愛和平的人們都反對核反應(yīng)。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)我們贊成她升為總裁

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Peoplelovingpeaceareopposedtonuclearweapon.2)Weareinfavorofherpromotiontopresident.5.onbehalfof代表……一方

1)Myhusbandcouldnotbeheretonight,butlwanttothankyouonhisbehalf.我丈夫今晚因故不能前來,我代表他向你們致謝。

2)Weattendedtheglobalconferenceonbehalfofourcountry.

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)很榮幸在這兒代表我的學(xué)校演出。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)那個(gè)英雄的妻子代替她死去的丈夫接受了這枚勛章。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)I’mgreatlyhonoredtoputonperformancehereonbehalfofmyschool.2)Thehero’swifeacceptedthemedalonbehalfofherdeadhusband.6．putupwith忍受；容忍

1)Imnotgoingtoputupwiththis!我再也受不了啦！

2)Wehavetoputupwithherbadtemper.我們只得忍受她的壞脾氣。

3)Noiseiscomingtothepointwherewecantputupwithit.噪音快到我們無法忍受的地步。

[短語歸納]

putaside節(jié)??；putaway儲存；putdown寫下

putoff延期；putout熄滅；putup舉起；

Tomwouldliketofindsomewheretoworkbecausehecannot_____theboss.

A.comeupwithB.catchupwithC.keepupwithD.putupwith

答案與分析：D?？疾樵~組辨析。根據(jù)所給語境可知他無法“忍受”這個(gè)老板。A項(xiàng)表示“想出”

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1)在這種情況下，我們不得不忍受不便之處.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2)不允許拖延付清帳單

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)Inthatsituation,wehadtoputupwiththeinconvenience.2)Wearenotallowedtoputoffpayingthebills.7.solongas只要

1)Aslongasyoudontbetrayme,Illdowhateveryouaskmeto(do).

只要你不出賣我，要我做什么我都愿意。

2)Aslongaslive,Iwillhelpyou.只要我活著，我都會幫助你。

3)Aslongasyoudrivecarefully,youwillbeverysafe.如果你開車小心，你就會很安全。

4)Idontmindaslongasitdoesntrain.只要不下雨就行了。
[短語歸納]

onconditionthat…在……的條件下

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1）如果我掙到足夠的錢，我就出國。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2）只要你能給我們合適的原因，我們就會幫助你。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:1)IwillgoabroadonconditionthatIearnenoughmoney.2)Wewillhelpyouonconditionthat/aslongasyoucanofferustheproperreason.

VI重點(diǎn)句子（旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）

Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneofwhichiscarbondioxide.這個(gè)升溫過程的一些副產(chǎn)品就叫“溫室”氣體,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳.

[解釋]one/all/every/each/part…ofwhich(whom)引導(dǎo)的定語從句，表示“他（它）們中的一個(gè)/所有/每/部分……”

[典例]

1)Ihavethreegoodfriends,allofwhomhaveemigratedtoU.S.A.我有三個(gè)好朋友，他們都移民美國了。

2)Herearemanykitties,twoofwhichareyellow.這有許多小貓，其中兩只是黃色的。

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

我有三個(gè)叔叔,其中最年輕的叔叔三年前去了澳洲.

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Key:Ihavethreeuncles,theyoungestoneofwhomwenttoAustraliathreeyearsago.

二、課文要點(diǎn)

1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）

根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：

When1(compare)withmostnaturalchanges,thatthetemperatureoftheearthroseaboutonedegreeFahrenheitduringthe20thcenturyisquiteshocking.Andit’shumanactivity2hascausedthis3(全球的)warmingrather4arandombutnatural5（現(xiàn)象）.DrJaniceFosterexplainsthatweaddhuge6ofextracarbondioxidetotheatmospherebyburningfossilfuels.Fromthesecond7（圖表）andthediscoveryofCharlesKeeling,allscientistsbelievethattheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelshasresulted8theincreaseincarbondioxide.Greenhousegasescontinuetobuildup.Somethinkthatthetrendwouldbea9(災(zāi)難).Ontheotherhand,GeorgeHambley10(聲明)thatmorecarbondioxidewouldencourageagreaterrangeofanimalsandbringusabetterlife.

答案：1.compared2.that3.global4.rather5.phenomenon

6.quantities7.graph8.in9.catastrophe10.states2課文大意概括（旨在訓(xùn)練用30個(gè)單詞概括大意的能力）

閱讀課文，試著用30來個(gè)單詞概括課文大意或翻譯下面短文。

通過文章我們得知，地球的溫度正在上升。它也給我們展示不同的想法和根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)圖表分析全球氣候變暖的原因，地球的溫度和增加可能造成的影響。

Fromthepassageweknowthat______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Fromthepassageweknowthatthetemperatureoftheearthisrising.Italsoshowsusdifferentideasaboutglobalwarmingandanalyzesthecausesoftheearth’sincreasedtemperatureandthepossibleeffectsaccordingtothedatafromthegraphs.

3課文佳句背誦與仿寫（旨在培養(yǎng)對難句的理解和運(yùn)用能力）

1.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmerandthatitishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.毫無疑問，地球是在變暖，而地球變暖正是人類活動(dòng)導(dǎo)致而成，并非是一種無規(guī)律的自然現(xiàn)象。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：thereisnodoubtthat…andthat…句式+itis…that強(qiáng)調(diào)句

毫無疑問，圣誕節(jié)的慶祝活動(dòng)是一個(gè)很好的學(xué)習(xí)方式的西方文化;而且慶祝圣誕節(jié)，讓我們的生活更有趣。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：ThereisnodoubtthatthecelebrationofChristmasisagoodwayoflearningthewesterncultureandthatitisthecelebrationofChristmasthatmakesourlifemoreinteresting.

毫無疑問，太多的電腦游戲會對學(xué)生的健康有不良影響，而且玩電腦太多花費(fèi)他們太多的時(shí)間導(dǎo)致花在學(xué)習(xí)上的時(shí)間太少。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Thereisnodoubtthattoomanycomputergamescanhaveabadeffectonstudents’healthandthatitisplayingtoomuchcomputerthatcoststhemtoomuchtimeresultingintoolittletimeonstudy.2．Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneofwhichiscarbondioxide.這個(gè)升溫過程的一些副產(chǎn)品就叫做“溫室”氣體，其中最重要的是二氧化碳。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句,+themost+adj.of+which引導(dǎo)的定語從句

一些可能的措施應(yīng)采取以防止我們的地球越來越熱，而其中最重要的措施之一是限制私家車的使用。_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Somepossibleactionsshouldbetakentokeepourearthfromgettingwarm,themostimportantoneofwhichistolimitstheuseofprivatecars.

一些良好的學(xué)習(xí)方法應(yīng)采取以改善你的學(xué)習(xí)，而其中最有效的方法之一是與你的同學(xué)討論。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Somegoodlearningmethodsshouldbeadoptedtoimproveyourstudy,themosteffectiveoneofwhichistodiscusswithyourclassmates.3.Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.他們還贊同正是由于越來越多燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。

[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：賓語從句中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句

文章表明是人類的活動(dòng)對村莊造成的環(huán)境破壞。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Thepassageindicatesthatitishuman’sactivitiesthathasresultedintheenvironmentaldestructiontothevillage.

我們都同意的是年輕一代應(yīng)該負(fù)起振興國家的責(zé)任。

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案：Weallagreethatitistheyoungergenerationthatshouldtakeuptheresponsibilitytobuildupthecountry.

三、單元自測

1完形填空

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21—30各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

詞數(shù)：161

完成時(shí)間：15分鐘

難度：***

Wouldntitbegreatifwedidnthavetorememberpasswords(密碼)everagain?Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbe21loggedin(登錄)?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognitiontechnologytologyouontoWindows,ratherthanusinga22.Allyouneedisawebcamandyourprettyfaceto23yourPC.Nomore24,confusingpasswordstorememberorchangeeveryfewmonths.

Afterdoingalittleresearch,Ifoundthistypeof25alreadyavailabletoconsumersviaarelatively26applicationcalledFaceCode.The27requirestheuseofawebcamtorecognizeandlogPCusersintotheirsystems.Youcanaddasmany28asyouwant,providedtheyeachhaveaWindowsaccount.Ifthesystem29torecognizeyour30,youcanrecalltheWindowsusernameandpasswordbyusingahot-keycombination.

21.A.automaticallyB.personallyC.correctlyD.occasionally

22.A.faceB.passwordC.softwareD.system

23.A.accessB.connectC.recognizeD.remember

24.A.simpleB.complicatedC.specialD.useful

25.A.computerB.technologyC.passwordD.application

26.A.independentB.infrequentC.inexpensiveD.instant

27.A.accountB.consumerC.designerD.software

28.A.usersB.passwordsC.systemsD.computers

29.A.beginsB.triesC.failsD.stops

30.A.accountB.nameC.passwordD.face

[答案解析]

21．A根據(jù)上下文可知，此處意思為：如果我們只需坐在電腦前而無需輸入密碼就可以自動(dòng)登錄該多好。A自動(dòng)地；B個(gè)人的；C正確的；D偶爾的，臨時(shí)的。

22．B由上文可知，因“用臉部識別技術(shù)來幫你登錄”了，所以“不需要用密碼”。

23．A由上文可知此處所選詞的意思相當(dāng)于上文中的login(登錄)，故選A，存取(信息)，訪問。

24．B由文章開頭第—句話可知密碼難記，同時(shí)根據(jù)本句中的并列詞confusing(令人糊涂的，混亂的)可知答案為B(復(fù)雜的)。

25．B根據(jù)上文中提到的．．．usesfacerecognitiontechnology．．．可知。

26．C本句話的意思為通過使用一種叫做"FaceCode"的相對便宜的應(yīng)用程序，用戶就可以使用這種技術(shù)了。根據(jù)本句中availabletocustomers可以判斷出此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是價(jià)格。application在本句中為應(yīng)用程序,應(yīng)用軟件的意思。

27．D根據(jù)上下文可知，此處所選的詞意思相當(dāng)于上句話中的application，故選D，程序系統(tǒng)，軟件。

28．A根據(jù)下句話中的theyeachhaveaWindowsaccount可以判斷出此處是指可以添加多個(gè)電腦用戶。

29．Cfailto，在此表示couldn’t的詞義。

30．D如果系統(tǒng)不能認(rèn)出你的面孔，你還可以用熱鍵組合來取回你的用戶名和密碼。

2語法填空

語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號為31-40的相應(yīng)位置上。

詞數(shù)：209

完成時(shí)間：8分鐘

難度：***

DearSir

Beingcompletelydeafmyself,Ireadyourreportofthepoorconditionsofthedeafandmute(啞)whoweregatheringinNewYork31(beg).Isupposedthat32couldnothappenhereinAustralia.33,twoyearslater,IwashavingdinnerinarestaurantinSydney34apersonenteredandstartedhandingoutplasticjewellery(首飾)andanotetopeopleateachtable.Themainideaofthenotewas,"Iamunabletospeakand35(hear)inaworldofvoicesandmusic.36youkindlybuythesethings?"Whenhecametomytable,Iquestionedhim37signlanguage.Hewasalittlesurprised.Thenhesaidinalowvoice"donttalk"(whichIcouldreadfromhislipmovement)andmovedaway.

Pleasedonot38(take)inbythosepeople.Pleasedonotgivethemanymoney.Theyare39deafnorrepresentative(代表)ofthedeaf.Theymakeuseofpeoplespity,and40theyaredoingwilldoharmtoallthathasbeenachievedbythedeafinthelast20years-includingputtingthispracticetoanend.

Trulyyours,

JohnWilliams

答案：

31．begging32．it33．However34．when35．hear36．Would37．in38．betaken

39．neither40．what

31．begging，現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。

32．it,代詞，代替前文提到的聾啞人聚在一起乞討這回事。

33．However，表轉(zhuǎn)折，“然而，可是”。

34．when，考查bedoingsthwhen．．．／beabouttodosth．when…．的結(jié)構(gòu)，表“正在／即將去做……突然／就在那時(shí)……”。

35．hear，and連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式tospeak和(to)hear。

36．Would，Wouldyouplease／kindlydosth?表客氣婉轉(zhuǎn)的請求。

37．in，介詞，insighlanguage"用手勢語”，表方式：

38．betaken，由該句中的by可知，此處考查動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

39．neither,neither…nor…是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表“既不……也不……；兩者都不……”

40．what，考查由what引導(dǎo)的主語從句。3閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

詞數(shù)：343

完成時(shí)間：6分鐘

難度：**

Thesedays,itseasytoflyacrossoceansforvacation.Centuriesago,however,crossingtheopenseasrequiredthoroughandaccurateplanning,handmadeboats,andcourage.Scientistsandhistorianshavelongbeenlookingforcluestoexplainwhocrossedwhichoceansfirst.WhenitcomestothetripbetweenPolynesia(玻利尼西亞中太平洋群島)andSouthAmerica,chickensmayhavebeenamongthefirstoceanvoyagers,accordingtonewevidence.

Afterstudyinganancientchickenbone,anthropologists(人類學(xué)家)fromtheUniversityofAucklandinNewZealandnowsaythatpeopleandchickenstraveledfromPolynesiatowhatisnowChile(智利)byabout620yearsago.Bythen,theIncapeoplewerealreadylivinginSouthAmerica,butthePolynesianswouldhavebeenthefirsttogettherebysea.PrevioustheoriesclaimedthatEuropeanexplorersandtheirchickenssailedtoSouthAmericafirst--butthosevoyagersdidntarriveuntilaboutacenturylater.

In2002,archaeologistsdugup50chickenbonesfromasiteinChilecalledElArenal.TheteamfromNewZealandanalyzedonetothesebones.Accordingtotheircalculations,theboneisabout650yearsold.

Theresearchersalsocomparedthegeneticmaterial,orDNA,fromtheSouthAmericanchickenbonewithDNAfrom11chickenbonesthathadbeenfoundonthePolynesianislandsofTongaandAmericanSamoa.Theseislandsare6,000mileswestofChile.ThebonesfoundonthePolynesianislandsarebeen600and2,000yearsold.

ResultsofthecomparisonsshowedthatthechickenbonesfromboththePolynesianandSouthAmericansiteshadpartofDNAincommon.TheresearchersfoundthesamepartofDNAinfeathersoftwolivingchickensinChilethatbelongtoamodembreedthatlaysblueeggs.ThatDNAevidencesuggestsacloserelationshipamongthechickens.

"However,theweightofscientificevidenceisnowbehindthehypothesis(假設(shè))thatitwasseafaring(航海)PolynesianswhosailedfromtheislandstoSouthAmericaandreturned,"saysarchaeologistPatrickV.KirchoftheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.

41.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.ItwasdifficultforancientpeopletotravelbetweenPolynesiaandSouthAmerica.

B.ThefirstpeoplewholivedinChileandPolynesia.

C.ValuablechickenboneshavebeenfoundinChile.

D.Chickens--thefirsttotravelbetweenPolynesiaandSouthAmerica.

42.WhendidthefirstEuropeanexplorersreachSouthAmerica?

A.About620yearsago.B.About2.000yearsago.

C.About600yearsago.D.About520yearsago.

43.PeoplefoundthatchickenswereamongthefirsttotravelfromPolynesiatoSouthAmericaby___________.

A.comparingthecolorsofeggslaidbychickensfromthetwoplaces

B.comparingtheDNAofchickenbonesduguponthePolynesianislandsandthatofthechickenbonesfromSouthAmerica

C.studyingsomeprevioustheories

D.askingthenativesofSouthAmerica

44.Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?

A.EuropeanexplorersandtheirchickenswerethefirsttosailtoSouthAmerica.

B.ChickensinSouthAmericahavethesameancestorsasthoseinPolynesia.

C.Inancienttimes,a6,000-milechannelseparatedPolynesiafromSouthAmerica.

D.BeforethePolynesiansarrivedinSouthAmerica,theIncapeoplehadlivedthere.

45.Whywasitdifficultforpeopletotravelacrosstheoceansinancienttimes,accordingtothepassage?

1)Itwasdifficulttotakemanychickensasfood.

2)Peoplehaddifficultymakingcarefulanddetailedsailingplans.

3)Peoplelackedmapsandtheknowledgeofweatherforecasting.

4)Peoplehadtomakeboatsbyhand.

5)Ittookgreatdeterminationtocrossanocean.

A.1)4)5)B.2)3)4)C.2)4)5)D.1)2)3)

答案：

現(xiàn)在飛越海洋是一件輕而易舉的事情，然而幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以前渡過海洋需要周密的計(jì)劃、人造船只和勇氣。是誰最先渡過了哪個(gè)海洋一直是科學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家研究的話題，最近研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)雞可能也是最早渡過玻利尼西亞和南美之間的海洋的。

41.D。主旨大意題。本文在第一段點(diǎn)題，根據(jù)第一段第四句“WhenitcomestothetripbetweenPolynesiaandSouthAmerica,chickensmayhavebeenamongthefirstoceanvoyagers,accordingtonewevidence.”并根據(jù)后面科學(xué)家對在玻利尼西亞群島和南美洲挖出的雞骨進(jìn)行DNA鑒定等，可知D選項(xiàng)正確。

42.D。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第二段可知第一批從Polynesia到Chile的人是在大約620年前，而根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，第一批歐洲人晚了大約一個(gè)世紀(jì)，因此他們是約在520年前到的南美洲的。

43.B。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章倒數(shù)第三段“Theresearchersalsocomparedthegeneticmaterial,orDNA,fromtheSouthAmericanchickenbonewithDNAfrom11chickenbonesthathadbeenfoundonthePolynesianislandsofTongaandAmericanSamoa.”和倒數(shù)第二段可知科學(xué)家是通過對兩地挖出的雞骨進(jìn)行DNA鑒定發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)結(jié)果的。

44.D。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第二段第二句“Bythen,theIncapeoplewerealreadylivinginSouthAmerica...”可知theIncapeople在玻利尼西亞人到達(dá)南美洲之前，已經(jīng)在那里居住了。

45.C。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段“Centuriesago,however,crossingtheopenseasrequiredthoroughandaccurateplanning,handmadeboats,andcourage.”可知，跨海之旅要有計(jì)劃、有船，而且還需要勇氣，所以答案選擇C。

4.讀寫任務(wù)

閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文：

Ilikewatergymnasticsbestformanyreasons.Firstofall,Iamagoodswimmer.Therefore,IaminterestedinallkindsofOlympicswimmingsports.Especially,Iamfondofwatergymnasticsfortwomajorreasons－theamazingmovementsandthosesexyandthoseverybeautifulwomenswimmers.Mostimportantly,Ilikethegreatmusicandtheiramazingperformanceinwaterballet.WhenIwatchthisOlympicsport,Icanlearntheirprofessionaltechniquesinswimming.

Forexample,swimmersperformanceisevaluatedbasedonaseriesofpredeterminedelements.Armsectionsandfigures,similartothoseoffigureskating,arealsorequired,andallelementsmustbepresentedinaspecificorder.Becausesynchronized(同步的)swimmingroutinesrequireexceptionalbreathcontrol,judgesalsotakeintoconsiderationtheabilityoftheswimmerstopreservetheillusion(n.幻想)ofeffortlessnesswhileholdingtheirbreathforuptotwominutes.

[寫作內(nèi)容]

1．以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)。

2．然后以120個(gè)詞寫一篇英語短文談?wù)勀阆矚g的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：

1)你喜歡哪一種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目。

2)說明你的理由。

3)該體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目對你的日常生活造成的某些影響和感想。

[寫作要求]

1．作文中可使用自己的親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容．但不得直接引用原文中的句子；標(biāo)題自定。

2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。

[評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]概括準(zhǔn)確。語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。

[寫作輔導(dǎo)]

1．寫作有可能用到的主要短語和單詞：羽毛球badminton，排球volleyball，足球football，體操gymnastics，網(wǎng)球tennis，跳高h(yuǎn)ighjumping，射擊／射箭5hooung，游泳swimming，棒球baseball，最喜歡的favourite，表演performance，對……影響haveaneffectonsth/sb.

2．本文的概要必須包含以下要點(diǎn)：Ilikewatergymnasticsbestformanyreasons./Especially,Iamfondofwatergymnasticsfortwomajorreasons-theamazingmovementsandthosesexyandthoseverybeautifulwomenswimmers./Forexample,swimmersperformanceisevaluatedbasedonaseriesofpredeterminedelements.

3．本文要注意，概要一定要根據(jù)文段的時(shí)態(tài)來寫。同時(shí)，絕對不能抄襲原文的句子：文章中描述的是你喜歡哪一種體育運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目和理由、感想等等，都屬于評論性文字和結(jié)論性的觀點(diǎn)，故多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)態(tài)：

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案:

IHaveFalleninDeepLovewithFootball

Intheabovepassage,thewritertellsusthereasonswhyhelikeswatergymnastics,suchastheamazingmovementsandthosesexyandthoseverybeautifulwomenswimmers.

FootballisaverypopularsportintheworldandIthinkIhavefallenindeeplovewithit,whichmakesmefeelsocrazy.Ihavespentlotsoftimedoingmanythingsrelatedtofootball,likewatchingfootballmatches,readingnewspapersandmagazines,searchingtheWebformoreinformationaboutfootball,whichcertainlydisturbsmynormalstudy.Icantconcentratesomuchonmylessons,fallingasleepinclassthenextdayandnotfinishingnayhomeworkontimethatIhavealmostlostinterestinmystudies.

HowshouldIdealwiththecontradictionbetweenmystudiesandhobbies?Somehelpfulsuggestionsareneeded.Meanwhile,IquiteregretthatIshouldnthavebeenaddictedtofootballsomuch.Maybe,Ixafillgetoutofthetroublewithmyeffortsandfallinlovewithmystudyagain.

Unit4　Globalwarming

單元要覽

本單元的中心話題是人類當(dāng)今面臨的環(huán)境問題，主要探討了“全球變暖”和“節(jié)約能源”等方面的問題。由于人類過多使用不可再生能源，大氣中二氧化碳的含量逐年增加，導(dǎo)致全球氣溫上升。通過學(xué)習(xí)本單元，讓學(xué)生了解能源分為“不可再生能源”和“可再生能源”，幫助學(xué)生樹立“節(jié)約能源、保護(hù)環(huán)境”的主人翁意識。

本單元的主要教學(xué)內(nèi)容如下表所示：

類別

課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的內(nèi)容

話題

Globalwarming，pollutionandtheimportanceofprotectingtheearth

詞

匯

tend

v.趨向；易于；照顧

catastrophe

n.大災(zāi)難；浩劫

oppose

v.反對；反抗；與(某人)較量

flood

n.洪水；水災(zāi)

state

v.陳述；說明

consequence

n.結(jié)果；后果；影響

glance

v.看一下；掃視　n．一瞥

existence

n.生存；存在

quantity

n.量；數(shù)量

commitment

n.承諾；交托；信奉

range

n.種類；范圍

pollution

n.污染；弄臟

tendency

n.趨向；趨勢

growth

n.增長；生長

circumstance

n.環(huán)境；情況

motor

n.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)

opposed

adj.反對的，對立的

can

n.容器；罐頭

steady

adj.平穩(wěn)的；持續(xù)的

microwave

n.微波爐；微波

widespread

adj.分布廣的；普遍的

educator

n.教育工作者；教育家

average

adj.平均的

contribution

n.貢獻(xiàn)

consume

v.消費(fèi)；消耗；耗盡；吃完

presentation

n.顯示；演出

subscribe

v.同意；捐贈(zèng)；訂閱

disagreement

n.分歧；不一致

advocate

v.擁護(hù)；提倡；主張

random

adj.胡亂的；任意的

refresh

v.使恢復(fù)；使振作

mild

adj.溫和的；溫柔的；淡的

graph

n.圖表；坐標(biāo)圖；曲線圖

outer

adj.外部的

phenomenon

n.現(xiàn)象

electrical

adj.電的；與電有關(guān)的

fuel

n.燃料

casual

adj.隨便的；偶然的

data

n.資料；數(shù)據(jù)

nuclear

adj.核的；核能的

trend

n.趨勢；傾向

per

prep.每；每一

comeabout發(fā)生；造成

keepon繼續(xù)

subscribeto同意；贊成；訂購

onthewhole大體上；基本上

quantitiesof大量的

onbehalfof代表……一方；作為……的代言人

goup上升；增長；升起

putupwith忍受；容忍

resultin導(dǎo)致

solongas只要

beopposedto反對

andsoon等等

evenif即使

greenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)

句

型

1....it_ishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarming...　(emphatic“it”)

2....itisarapidincreasewhen_compared_toothernaturalchanges.(ellipsis)

3.Thereisnodoubtthat_the_earth_is_becoming_warmer...(theappositiveclause)

4.Withoutthe“greenhouseeffect”，theearthwould_beaboutthirty－threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.(thesubjunctivemood)

功

能

1.同意與不同意(Agreementanddisagreement)

Exactly.Youreright.Iagree.Thatscorrect/true/right.

ImafraidIdisagreewithyou.Imafraidnot.Idontthinkso.

Noway.Idontagree.Idoubt...

2．責(zé)備與抱怨(Blameandcomplaint)

Imsorrytobringthisup，but...　Imsorrytohavetosaythis，but...

Theyshouldnthavedoneit.Theyaretoblame.

Perhaps/Maybetheyshould/oughtto...Whydontyoudosomethingaboutit？

語法

“it”的用法(theuseof“it”)(2)

...it_ishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarming...

教

學(xué)

重

點(diǎn)

1.Getstudentstoknowaboutglobalwarminganditseffect；torealizewhatwecandoaboutglobalwarming.

2．Havestudentslearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsaboutglobalwarmingandletthemlearneffectivewaystomasterthem.

3．Enablestudentstograspandusetheexpressionsofagreementanddisagreement，blameandcomplaint.

4．Letstudentslearnthenewgrammaritem：theuseof“it”(2)．

5．Developstudentslistening，speaking，readingandwritingability.

教學(xué)難點(diǎn)

1.Enablestudentstomastertheuseof“it”(2)．

2．Letstudentslearntowriteashortpassagetotellothershowtosolvetheproblemofglobalwarming.

3．Developstudentsintegrativeskills.

課時(shí)安排

Periodsneeded：6

Period1　WarmingUp，Pre－reading，ReadingandComprehending

Period2　LanguageStudy

Period3　Grammar—theUseof“It”(2)

Period4　ListeningandSpeaking

Period5　ReadingandWriting

Period6　SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessment

Period1　WarmingUp，Pre－reading，

ReadingandComprehending

整體設(shè)計(jì)

教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析　

Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit.Thecentralpartofthisperiodisthereadingpassagewiththetitleof“TheEarthIsBecomingWarmer—ButDoesItMatter？”talkingabouttheglobalissuewhichhasagreateffectonhumanbeingslife.

WarmingUpgivessixpicturestohelpstudentslistthesourcesofenergytheycanthinkofinourdailylife.Thentheywillbeledtodiscusswhichenergysourceis“renewable”andwhichis“non－renewable”．Thispartisdesignedtohelpthestudentstorecalltheirbackgroundknowledgeaboutenergyandpreparesstudentsforthewholeunit.

Pre－readingprovidesapictureofagreenhouseandthentellsuswhatagreenhouseisandwhat“greenhousegases”are.Thestudentswillbeledtodiscusswhattheythinkgreenhousegasesdo，leadingtothetopicofthereadingpassage.

Readingisapassagefromanenvironmentalmagazineforyoungpeople.Itputsforwardthepossibleeffectofincreasedcarbondioxideintheatmosphereanddifferentpointsofviewaboutit.Italsoanalyzesthecausesoftheearthsincreasedtemperature.Itposesquestionsandencouragesstudentstothinkabouttheissues.Therearetwographsinitthattellusthe“temperaturedifferencefromlong－termaverage,1860－2000”and“carbondioxidecontentintheatmosphere,1957－1997”．Charactersinthepassage—DrJaniceFoster，GeorgeHambleyandCharlesKeelingareallrealpersonsandtheirviewsreflecttheviewsofsomescientiststoday.

Comprehendingconsistsofthreewrittenororalexercisesforthestudentstodosoastohelpthestudentstogetabetterunderstandingofthetext，thatistosay，tohelptheteachertocheckhowmuchthestudentshaveunderstoodthetext.

三維目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)　

Knowledgeandskills

1．Toknowthemeaningsofthefollowingnewwordsandphrases：

consume(消費(fèi)；消耗；耗盡)，comeabout(發(fā)生；造成)，random(胡亂的；任意的)，phenomenon(現(xiàn)象)，subscribe(同意；捐贈(zèng)；訂閱；簽署文件)，subscribeto(同意；贊成；訂購)，fuel(燃料)，quantity(量；數(shù)量)，quantitiesof(大量的)，tend(趨向；易于；照顧)，goup(上升；增長；升起)，per(每；每一)，data(資料；數(shù)據(jù))，resultin(導(dǎo)致)，trend(趨勢；傾向)，catastrophe(大災(zāi)難；浩劫)，flood(洪水；洪災(zāi))，oppose(反對；反抗)，opposed(反對的；對立的)，beopposedto(反對)，consequence(結(jié)果；后果)，state(陳述；說明)，range(種類；范圍)，evenif(即使)，keepon(繼續(xù))，glance(看一下；掃視)，steady(平穩(wěn)的；持續(xù)的)，steadily(平穩(wěn)地，持續(xù)地)

2．Tolearnaboutsomefactsandviewsaboutglobalwarming.

3．Tolearnhowtheinformationisorganized.

4．Todevelopthestudentsreadingabilitybyskimmingandscanningthepassage.

5．Todevelopthestudentsspeakingabilitybytalkingaboutglobalwarming.

Processandmethods

1．WhiledoingWarmingUptheteachercanleadinthetopicofthisunitbyshowingstudentssomepicturesorvideosaboutsourcesofenergy，makingthestudentsrecalltheirownknowledgeaboutenergy.

2．DuringPre－readingtheteachercangoaroundtheclassroomanddiscussthequestionswithseveralstudents.Thisdiscussionshouldbestudent－centeredandleadthemtothetopicofglobalwarming.Theteachershouldalsoaskthestudentstolookatthegraphsinthereadingpassageandtrytofindoutthegeneralideaofthetext.

3．WhiledoingReadingandComprehending，theteachermayfirstaskthestudentstoreadthetextquicklytogetthegeneralideaofeachparagraph.Afterreadingthepassage，studentsareencouragedtoanswersomequestionsanddiscussthetextstructure.

4．Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage，thestudentsshouldberequiredtoretellthetextintheirownwordsattheendoftheclass.

Emotion，attitudeandvalue

1．Tomakestudentsrealizetheharmofglobalwarmingandtheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.

2．Todevelopstudentssenseofcooperativelearning.

教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)　

1．Toenablethestudentstolearnaboutglobalwarmingandtodeveloptheirreadingability.

2．Toenablethestudentstotalkaboutwhatweshoulddotopreventglobalwarming.

教學(xué)過程

?Step1　Warmingup

1．Warmingupbyreadingandtalking：

Readthroughtheexercisewiththeclass.Putstudentsingroupsoffourtotalkaboutwhatweuseenergyfor，whatarethesourcesoftheseenergyandwhetherthesourcesarerenewableornon－renewable.

Suggestedanswer：Thesixphotosare：windmills；acoalpowerstation；anoilrefinery；anuclearpowerplant；solarpanels；ahydro－electricdam.

2．Warmingupbydiscussion：

Drawaformontheblackboardasfollows：

Thingsthatuseenergy

Sourcesofenergy

Renewable/non－renewable　Letthestudentshaveadiscussionandcollectsuggestionsfromstudentsandwritethemundertheappropriateheading.

Suggestedanswer：

Thingsthatuseenergy

Sourcesofenergy

Renewable/non－renewable

lights

heating

television

cassetteplayer

videorecorder

computer

fridge

stove

hairdryer

...

coal

non－renewable

oil

non－renewable

naturalgas

non－renewable

windpower

renewable

solarenergy

renewable

nuclearenergy

non－renewable

hydro－electricpower

renewable

biomassenergy

renewable

geothermalenergy

renewable

tidalenergy

renewable?Step2　Pre－reading

1．Showapictureofagreenhousetostudentsandaskthemwhatagreenhouseismadeofandwhatitspurposeis.

Suggestedanswer：Itsmadeofglassandplantscangrowinitwhenitscoldoutside.

Askthestudentshowitworks.

Suggestedanswer：Theglasstrapstheheatfromthesun，makingtheairwarmsothatplantsgrowbetter.

2．Askstudentswhattheythink“greenhousegases”areandwhattheythinkgreenhousegasesdo.Lookatthepictureaboveandexplainittotheirpartners.

Suggestedanswer：Greenhousegasesperformthesamefunctionastheglassinaglasshouse：theytraptheheatofthesunandkeeptheairsurroundingtheearthwarm.Thisiscalledthegreenhouseeffect.)

?Step3　Readingandcomprehending

1．Fastreading

Askstudentstoreadthepassagequicklysoastogetthekeywordsandgeneralideaofeachparagraphandanswerthefollowingquestions：

(1)Whatisthemaintopicofthearticle?

________________________________________________________________________

(2)Whowrotethemagazinearticle？Whatisthenameofthemagazine?

________________________________________________________________________

(3)Whatarethenamesofthethreescientistsmentionedinthearticle？Dotheyagreewithoneanother?

________________________________________________________________________

Suggestedanswers：(1)Globalwarming/thewarmingoftheearth.(2)SophieArmstrong，EarthCare.

(3)DrJaniceFoster，CharlesKeeling，GeorgeHambley.Theydontagreewitheachother.

2．Detailedreading

(1)Readthepassagecarefullyandjudgewhetherthestatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)．

①JaniceFosterbelievesthatglobalwarmingiscausedbytheburningfossilfuels.(　)

②Naturalgasisagreenhousegas.(　)

③Carbondioxideisabyproductofburningfossilfuels.(　)

④PeopleacceptCharlesKeelingsdatabecausehetookaccuratemeasurements.(　)

⑤Floodingcouldbeoneoftheeffectsoffutureglobalwarming.(　)

⑥GeorgeHambleybelievesscientistsarejustguessingabouttheeffectsofglobalwarming.(　)

⑦GeorgeHambleyisworriedabouttheeffectsofcarbondioxideonplantgrowth.(　)

⑧Itisclearwhattheeffectsofglobalwarmingwillbe.(　)

(Suggestedanswers：TFTTTTFF)

3．Structureanalyzing

Askstudentstoreadthetextcarefullyandtrytofindouthowmanypartstheycandividethetextintoandfindoutthemainideaofeachpart.

Part

Mainidea

Part1(Paragraph______)

Part2(Paragraphs______to______)

Part3(Paragraphs______to______)

Part4(Paragraph______)Suggestedanswer：

Part

Mainidea

Part1(Paragraph1)

Tointroduceadebateovertheissueofglobalwarming.

Part2(Paragraphs2to5)

Toillustratehowglobalwarmingcomesabout.

Part3(Paragraph6)

Tolisttwodifferentattitudesamongscientiststowardsglobalwarming.

Part4(Paragraph7)

Itsuptoreaderstothinkanddecidewhetherpeopleshoulddosomethingaboutglobalwarmingornot.?Step4　Languagestudy

Dealingwithanylanguageproblemifany(wordsorsentencesstudentsmightnotunderstand)tohelpthestudentstohaveabetterunderstandingofthetext.

?Step5　Listening，readingaloudandunderlining

Askstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandletthempayattentiontothepronunciationofeachwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Tellthemtopickoutalltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsfromthepassagewhilereadingandcopythemtothenotebookafterclassashomework.

Collocations：comeabout，Thereisnodoubtthat...，subscribeto，dueto，greenhouseeffect，quantitiesof，tendto，betrappedin，goup，resultin，ontheonehand...ontheotherhand，beopposedto，buildup，keepon.

?Step6　Retelling

Askstudentstotalkaboutglobalwarmingintheirownwords.Givethemsomekeywordsandexpressionsontheblackboard.Thenletthemtrytoretellthepassage.

?Step7　Homework

1．Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.

2．TrytofindsomedataaboutglobalwarmingontheInternet，andshowyourclassinthenextperiodandtalkaboutthem.

?Step8　Reflectionafterteaching

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

教學(xué)參考

AboutGlobalWarming(關(guān)于全球變暖)

GlobalwarmingistheincreaseintheaveragetemperatureofEarthsnear－surfaceairandoceanssincethemid－20thcenturyanditsprojectedcontinuation.Globalsurfacetemperatureincreased0.74±0.18℃(1.33±0.32?)betweenthestartandtheendofthe20thcentury.TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)concludesthatmostoftheobservedtemperatureincreasesincethemiddleofthe20thcenturywasverylikelycausedbyincreasingconcentrationsofgreenhousegasesresultingfromhumanactivitysuchasfossilfuelburninganddeforestation.TheIPCCalsoconcludesthatvariationsinnaturalphenomenasuchassolarradiationandvolcaniceruptionshadasmallcoolingeffectafter1950.Thesebasicconclusionshavebeenendorsedbymorethan40scientificsocietiesandacademiesofscience，includingallofthenationalacademiesofscienceofthemajorindustrializedcountries.

ClimatemodelprojectionssummarizedinthelatestIPCCreportindicatethattheglobalsurfacetemperatureislikelytoriseafurther1.1to6.4℃(2.0to11.5?)duringthe21stcentury.Theuncertaintyinthisestimatearisesfromtheuseofmodelswithdifferingsensitivitytogreenhousegasconcentrationsandtheuseofdifferingestimatesoffuturegreenhousegasemissions.Moststudiesfocusontheperioduptotheyear2100.However，warmingisexpectedtocontinuebeyond2100evenifemissionsstop，becauseofthelargeheatcapacityoftheoceansandthelonglifetimeofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.

Anincreaseinglobaltemperaturewillcausesealevelstoriseandwillchangetheamountandpatternofprecipitation，probablyincludingexpansionofsubtropicaldeserts.WarmingisexpectedtobestrongestintheArcticandwouldbeassociatedwithcontinuingretreatofglaciers，permafrostandseaice.Otherlikelyeffectsincludechangesinthefrequencyandintensityofextremeweatherevents，speciesextinctions，andchangesinagriculturalyields.Warmingandrelatedchangeswillvaryfromregiontoregionaroundtheglobe，thoughthenatureoftheseregionalvariationsisuncertain.

Politicalandpublicdebatecontinuesregardingglobalwarming，andwhatactions(ifany)totakeinresponse.Theavailableoptionsaremitigationtoreducefurtheremissions；adaptationtoreducethedamagecausedbywarming；and，morespeculatively，geoengineering(地球工程)toreverseglobalwarming.MostnationalgovernmentshavesignedandratifiedtheKyotoProtocolaimedatreducinggreenhousegasemissions.

Book6Unit4GlobalWarming

Book6Unit4GlobalWarming
Part1Vocabulary
1.Researchersc_________livingconditionsinLondonwiththoseinotherplaces.
2.Theirpricesarelowc__________tothoseinothershops.
3.Idon’tthinkanybodym_________toherapartfromherself.
4.Heprefersq_____________toqualitywhenfoodisconcerned.
5.Thed_______wehavecollectedarenotenoughtobeconvincing.
6.Everythingwasinas_______ofdisorder
7.Whatisthea______________rainfallforAugustinyourcountry?
8.Eachi____________boyintheclasshashisownpersonalities
9.Wehavebeenhavingafewa_____________inthecommitteelately.
10.Theywerep_________________inthehistoryofmusic.
11.Asac_________________ofbeinginhospital,Shellydecidedthatshewantedtobecomeanurse.
12.Adoctorhasthet___________“Dr”inthefrontofhisname.
13.Thenumberofthechildrenintheschoolhasd____________by500thisyear.
14.Thecookerisn’tworkingbecauseofane_____________fault.
15.Thefoodwascoldandtheguestsquarreled—thewholedinnerwasac___________.
Part2UsefulPhrases
1.在20世紀(jì)期間_______________________
2.導(dǎo)致_____________________
3.另一方面_____________________________
4.通過燃燒化石燃料____________
5.大量的_______________________________
6.忍受污染____________________
7.有關(guān)系,有影響________________________
8.大體上,基本上________________
9.高達(dá)5攝氏度________________________
10.發(fā)生__________________
Part3Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1.Anenergysourceisrenewablewhensuppliesofitnever________________________.
2.Itisarapidincrease____________　____________　____________　____________　____________.
3.Thereis________________________thattheearthisbecomingwarmingbutthereis____________________________________whetheritis____________________________________hascausedthisglobalwarmingorwhetheritis________________________________________________.
4.____________thegreenhouseeffect,theearth________________________aboutthirty-threedegreesCelsius____________________________________________________________.
5.The________________________ofcarbondioxide____________thatmoreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphere____________the_______________________________________________.
6.Itwas____________________________________CharlesKeeling____________made____________________________________theamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.
7.Theyalsobelieve________________________theburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthatis________________________thisincreaseincarbondioxide.
8.Therearesomeverydifferent____________amongscientists____________________________________.
9.SometimesIfeelthat____________can’thaveany____________________________________huge___________problems.
9.And,___________,talk____________yourfamilyandfriends____________globalwarmingandtellthemwhatyouhavelearned.
10.Remember—your_______________________.
Part4MultipleChoice
1.Isit_______toyouthatthegovernmentishavingahardtimenow?
A.ofmuchimportantB.ofmuchconsequence
C.ofveryimportantD.ofmanyconsequence
2.Somethingmustbedoneto______theriverfrom_________.
A.stop;beingpollutedB.stop;polluting
C.prevent;pollutionD.keep;polluted
3.There______quantitiesofapplesinthebasketandtherewas______milkinthebucket.
A.were;anumberofB.was;quantitiesof
C.was;agoodmanyD.were;aquantityof
4._______wegetgoodweatheritwillbeasuccessfulholiday.Whichiswrong?
A.SolongasB.ProvidedthatC.SolongD.Onconditionthat
5.—Goforapicnicthisweekend,ok?
—_______.Ilovegettingclosetonature.
A.Idon’tthinkso.B.Ibelievenot.C.Icouldn’tagreemoreD.Iamafraidnot.
6.—Now,whereismypurpose?
—________!Wewillbelateforthepicnic.
A.ComeonB.Don’tworryC.TakeyourtimeD.Takeiteasy.
7.Itwasnotuntil1999________regularradiobroadcastbegan.
A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since
8.Canitbeintherestaurant_____wehaddinnerlastSunday______youleftyourwallet?
A.where;whereB.where;thatC.that;whereD.that;that
9.—What’sthematterwithyou?
—______thewindow,myfingerwascutunexpectedly.
A.CleaningB.TocleanC.WhilecleaningD.WhileIwascleaning
10.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.
A.asB.whichC.thereD.what
Part5Readandthenaskandanswerfivequestionsonthepassage,usingwho,what,where,whenorhow.
ThelittlegiantpandaintheNationalZooinAmericafinallyhasaname:TaiShan,whichmeans“peacefulmountain”.
Thename,oneofthefiveproposedforthelittlepanda,received44percentoftheestimated200,000votescastonthezoo’swebsite.ThelittlepandawentwithoutanameforhisfirsthundreddaysinobservanceofaChinesecustom.It’srareforpandas,bornincaptivity,tolivemorethanafewdays,andkeepingtheanimalsnamelessisseenasawaytotrickfateintolettingthemsurvive.
Thecubwasn’tpresentathisnamingceremony.Thezooofficialssaidheprobablywouldn’tbemakinghispublicdebutuntilsometimeinDecember.PandafanscelebratedTaiShan’sdayatazooceremonyfeaturingperformancesbyChinesedancetroopsandmartialartists.
TaiShanusuallyspendsthemorningwithhismother,MeiXiang.Hishandlersareslowlyintroducinghimtotheexhibitwherehe’sexpectedtogoonpublicviewwithinthenextcoupleofmonths.MeiXiangandthefather,TianTian,areona10-yearloanfromChina.ThecubwillbesenttoChina.whenheis2yearsold.
TheChinaWildlifeConservationAssociationandthezooofficialhadselectedfivenamesfromwhichvoterscouldchoose.Theotherswere:HuaSheng,LongShan,andQiangQiang
1.________________________________________________________?
_______________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________?
_____________________________________________________________.
3._____________________________________________________________?
___________________________________________________________________.
4.____________________________________________________________?
__________________________________________________________________.
5._______________________________________________________________?
___________________________________________________________________.
Part6Reading:Fillintheblanksafterreadingthepassageaccordingtotheletter(s)given.
Itisalmostknowntoallthatsmokingisbadforpeople’shealth.Scientificre__________showthatsmokingcanl______toheartdisease,ca______andotherproblems.TheworldHealthOrga_________saysdiseasesl_______tosmokingkillatl______twomillionfive-hundred-thousandpersonseachyear.
Still,manypeoplefinditdif______tostopsmoking.Onere________isthatsmokingusuallybecomesahab_______behaviour,andhabits,whethergoodorbadarenoteasytobeg______up.Anotherreasonistheef______ofnicotine,thesubstancefoundincig________worksonpeoplesomewhatasdr______do.
M_________havebeentakentohelppeopleke____awayfromtheharmofsmoking.Inmanycities,smokingisforbiddeninpu_____places.Thedangerofsmokingisw_____ofeverywhere.Andnewspapersareaskednottopublishadver________forcigarettes.World“NoTobaccoDay”isob________everyyearasthebiggestcampaignag________smoking.
1.____________2.____________3.______________4.________________
5.____________6.____________7._______________8.________________
9.____________10.___________11.______________12._______________
13.____________14.___________15._____________16._______________
17._____________18.____________19.____________20._______________

Unit4GlobalWarmingBook6
Part1Vocabulary
1.compared2.compared3.matters4.quantity5.data6.state7.average
8.individual9.agreements10.phenomena11.consequence12.title13.decreased14.electrical15.catastrophe
Part2UsefulPhrases
1.duringthe19thcentury2.leadto3.ontheotherhand4.throughtheburningoffossilfuels/byburningfossilfuels5.agreatdealof/scoresof6.putupwiththepollution7.makeadifference8.onthewhole/roughly9.asmuchasfivedegreesCelsius(5°C)10.comeabout
Part3Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1.runout2.comparedtomostnaturalchanges3.nodoubt;fiercedebateover;humanactivitythat;justanaturalphenomenon4.Without;wouldbe;coolerthanitis5.increasedamount;means;causing;globaltemperaturetogoup6.ascientistcalled;who;accuratemeasurementsof7.itis;resultingin8.attitudes;towardsthisissue9.individuals;effectonsuch;environmental10.importantly;with;about11.contributioncounts
Part4MultipleChoice
1-5BADCC6-10ACBDD
Part5
Part6Reading:Fillintheblanksafterreadingthepassageaccordingtotheletter(s)given.
Itisalmostknowntoallthatsmokingisbadforpeople’shealth.Scientificresearchersshowthatsmokingcanleadtoheartdisease,cancerandotherproblems.TheworldHealthOrganizationsaysdiseaseslinkedtosmokingkillatleasttwomillionfive-hundred-thousandpersonseachyear.
Still,manypeoplefinditdifficulttostopsmoking.Onereasonisthatsmokingusuallybecomesahabitualbehaviour,andhabits,whethergoodorbadarenoteasytobegivenup.Anotherreasonistheeffectofnicotine,thesubstancefoundincigarettesworksonpeoplesomewhatasdrugsdo.
Measureshavebeentakentohelppeoplekeepawayfromtheharmofsmoking.Inmanycities,smokingisforbiddeninpublicplaces.Thedangerofsmokingiswarnedofeverywhere.Andnewspapersareaskednottopublishadvertisementsforcigarettes.World“NoTobaccoDay”isobservedeveryyearasthebiggestcampaignagainstsmoking.