高中教案教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2020-11-20Unit 3 Life in the future The Fifth Period教案。
TheFifthPeriod
TeachingAims:
SummarizetheusagesoftheNounClauses.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.LetstudentsmasterthefunctionsoftheNounClauses.
2.Letstudentsknowhowtochoosethecon-nectivesandthedifferencesamongthe
connectives.
3.LetstudentscorrectlyusethewordorderintheNounClauses.
TeachingDifficultPoints:
1.Thechoiceoftheconnectives.
2.Thedifferencesbetween“that”and“what”.
3.Thedifferencesbetween“if”and“wheth-er”.
TeachingMethods:
1.Reviewmethodtomasterwhatstudentslearntbefore.
2.Explanationandcomparativemethodstomastertheimportantanddifficultpoints.
3.PracticemethodtomakestudentsusetheNounClausescorrectly.
TeachingAids:
1.a(chǎn)computerandacourseware
2.a(chǎn)projector
TeachingProcedures:
StepIGreetings
Greetthewholeclassasusual.
StepⅡRevision
T:Todaywe’llreviewtheNounClauses.
(Bb:TheNounClauses)Firstlet’sdosomeexercises.
(Teachershowstheexerciseonthescreen.)
Choosethebestanswers.
1.___________theyareleavingforParishasnotbeendecidedyet.
A.WhenB.Where
C.ThatD.Why
2.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s_________youleftit.
A.thereB.where
C.therewhereD.wherethere
3.Lastnightweheardthenews_________theBritishPrimeMinisterwasonathree-dayvisittoChina.
A.whichB.what
C.whateverD.that
4.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild________heorshewants.
A.howeverB.whichever
C.wheneverD.whatever
T:Pleaselookatthescreen.I’llasksomeofvoutotellmetheanswersonebyone.Anyvolunteers?
S1:ThefirstanswerisA.
S2:ThesecondanswerisB.
S3:ThethirdanswerisD.
S4:ThelastanswerisD.
T:Welldone!Sitdown,please.Whocantellmewhatclausestheyare?
S5:…
Suggestedanswers:
l.theSubjectClause
2.thePredicativeC1ause
3.theAppositiveClause
4.theObiectClause
StepⅢExplanationandSummary
T:Asweallknow,theNounClausescanbeclassifiedintotheSubjectC1ause,thePredicativeClause,theObjectClauseandtheAppositiveClauseac-cordingtothefunctionofeachclauseinthemainclause.
(Bb:theSubjectClause.thePredica-tiveClause,theObjectClauseandtheAppositiveClause)
T:Nowlookatthesentencesonthescreen.
I.theSubjectClause
1.Whetherhehasenoughtimetofinishtheworkisstillaquestion.
2.Itisstillaquestionwhetherhehasenoughtimetofinishthework.
3.Whodidthatisunknowntoall.
Ⅱ.thePredicativeClause
1.Thequestioniswhocandotheexperlment.
2.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.
3.Thereasonforhislatenesswasthathegotuplate.
4.Thatwasbecausehegotuplate.
Ⅲ.theObjectClause
1.Ididn’tknowthatPierceBrosnanisfromIreland.
2.IfindithardthatIlearnEnglishwell.
Ⅳ.theAppositiveClause
1.SomeseniorofficialseatchickeninpublicinordertoremovetheChi-nesecitizen’sfearthatitisnotsafetoeatchicken.
2.WordhascomefromhissisterthatshewillarriveonFriday.
T:Attention,please.1.Inordertokeepthesentencebalanced.Weoftenuse“it”astheformalsubject,whichre-placestherealsubject.Forexample,theNo.2sentenceinthecolumnoftheSubject.2.“Asif”“asthough”and“be-cause”canalsobeusedtointroducethePredicativeClause.Forexample,theNo.2andtheNo.4sentencesinthecolumnofthePredicativeClause.3.Inthesentenceiftheverbis“make/find/think/believe…”,wecan“it”astheformalobject,whichreplacestherealobject.WeputtherealobjectbehindtheObjectcomplement.Thatistosay,
Sub.+find/make/think/believe…+it+ObjectComplement+thatclause.Forexample,Ithoughtitstrangethathefailedtocallme.Nowwehaveknownabouttheusagesandthefunc-tionsoftheNounClauses.ButwemustpayattentiontotheconneetivesintroducingtheNounClauses.Nowpleaselookatthediagramonthescreen.You’dbetterrememberthem.
(Teachershowsthediagramonthescreen.)
T:Attention,please.
1.IntheNounClauses,wemustusethenormalwordorder—Connective
+Subject+Verb.Thatistosay,thereisnoinversion.
e.g.Whetherheleftisunknown.
That’swhyhefelli11.
CanyoumakesurewhereAlicehasleftthegoldring?
Thefactthathehadn’tsaidany-thingsurprisedeveryone.
(Teacherwritesthefoursentencesontheblackboard.)
2.Don’tusedoubleconnectivesintheNounClauses.
3.Thesubordinateconjunction“wheth-er”canintroducealltheNounClau-ses,whilethesubordinateconjunc-tion“if”canonlyintroduceanOb-jectClauseusedastheobjectofaverb.Forexample,wecan’tsay“Italldependsoniftheywillsupportus”.Weshouldsay“Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus”.
4.Thesubordinateconjunction“that”hasnomeaninganddoesn’tactasanyomponentintheNounClau-ses.When“that”isintroducingaNounClauseastheobjectofaverb(believe,consider,hear,know,say,understandetc),itcanbeomitted.
5.Theconjunctivepronoun“what”means“thethingthat/allthat”intheNounClauses.“what”intro-ducesaNounClause.Atthesametimeitcanbeusedasthesubject,theobjectorthepredicativeintheNounClause.Youmustpayatten-tiontothedifferencesbetween“that”and“what”.Nowlet’slookatthesesentencesonthescreen.
Thatshewasclosedmadeusveryhappy.
Whathedidquitesurprisesus.
Thisiswhatinterestsmemost.
Thereasonwasthathehadneverseenherbefore.
StcpⅣPracticeandConsolidation
T:NowyouhaveknownsomethingabouttheNounClauses.Let’sdosomeexer-cisessothatwecanusethemcorrectlyandfreely.Pleaselookatthescreen.
I.Correctthefollowingsentences
1.Thenewswhichourteamhadwonpleasedeveryone.
2.Idon’tdoubtwhetherhecanworkouttheproblem.
3.IhavebeenworryingaboutifIhavehurtherfeeling.
4.Idon’tknowthathewants.
5.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcomeisbecausehewasill.
6.Whowalksaroundinsuchaheavyrainwillcatchacold.
7.IthinkimportantthatwelearnEnglishwell.
8.It’snotcertainthatthesportsmeetwillbeheld.
9.Thisisthesuggestionwhichwehaveatripthedayaftertomor-row.
lO.Chinaisagreatsocialistcountryiswellknown.
Suggestedanswers:
1.which→that2.whether→that
3.if→whether4.that→what
5.because→that6.Who→Whoever
7.important→itimportant
8.that→whether
9.which→that
10.China→ThatChina
Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswers
1.Thephotographswillshowyou_________.
A.whatdoesourvillagelooklike
B.whatourvillagelookslike
C.howdoesourvillagelooklike
D.howourvillagelookslike
2.Istillremember________thisusedtobeaquietplace.
A.whenB.how
C.whereD.what
3.________hesaidatthemeetingas-tonishedeverybodypresent.
A.WhatB.That
C.ThefactD.Thematter
4.一Doyouremember_________hecame?
一Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.
A.howB.when
C.thatD.if
5.Sarahopestobecomeafriendof___________sharesherinterests.
A.a(chǎn)nyoneB.whomever
C.whoeverD.nomatterwho
6.________wecantgetseemsbetterthan_________wehave.
A.What;whatB.What;that
C.That;thatD.That;what
7.It’sgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_________heorshewants.
A.howeverB.whatever
C.whicheverD.whenever
8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee________.
A.whoisheB.whoheis
C.whoisitD.whoitis
9._________shecouldntunderstandwas________fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestsinherlessons.
A.What;why
B.That;what
C.What;because
D.Why;that
lO.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo________Icantosavethem.
A.whateverB.that
C.whichD.whichever
11.Eat___________cakeyoulikeandleavetheothersfor_________comesinlate.
A.any;who
B.every;whoever
C.whichever;whoever
D.either;whoever
12._________hetoldyouisnottrue.Don’tbelieveit.
A.ThatB.What
C.IfD.When
13.Whatapity_________isthatyoudidn’tarrive.
A.thatB.this
C.thereD.it
14._________heacceptsorrefusesthepresentisnoneofyourbusiness.
A.ThatB.If
C.WhetherD.Which
15.Hisgrandfatherwasamongthefirsttosettlein___________isnowafamous
holidaycenter.
A.whatB.which
C.whenD.that
Suggestcdanswers:
1.B2.A3.A4.A5.C6.A7.B8.D9.A10.A11.C12.B13.D14C15.A
StepVHomework
T:Inthisclass,wehavedonelotsofex-ercisesabouttheNounClauses.NowI’llgiveyousomemoreexercises.Dothemafterclass.
(Teachershowsthefollowingonthescreen.)
Completethefollowingsentences:
1.Doyoustillremember________(何時(shí)何地見到那位著名的歌唱家嗎)?
2._________(無論是誰最后離開教室)
oughttoturnoffthelight.
3._________(明天是否下雪)makesnodifferencetome.
4.Thisis__________(他出生的地方).
5.Sheexpressedthehope_______(她將再來中國).
6.___________(你不喜歡她)isnoneofmybusiness.
7.Oneofthemheldtheview_________(書中所說的是對的)
8.Thequestionis_________(這本書是否值得看).
9.Shealwaysdo_________(她老師讓她做的).
1O.Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublic_________(他們在做著一件重要的必不可少的工作).
Suggestedanswers:
1.whenandwhereyoumetthefamoussinger
2.Whoeverleavestheclassroomlast
3.Whetheritwillsnowornottomorrow
4.wherehewasborn
5.thatshewouldcometoChinaagain
6.Thatyoudon’tlikeher
7.thatwhatthebooksaidwasright.
8.whetherthebookisworthreading
9.whatherteachertellshertodo
10.thattheyaredoinganimportantandnecessaryjob
StepⅥTheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard
Unit6Lifeinthefuture
TheFifthPeriod
Grammar:NounClauses
I.thesubjectClause
Whetherheleftisunknown.
Ⅱ.thePredicativeClause
That’swhvhefelli11.
Ⅲ.theObjectclause
CanyoumakesurewhereAlicehasleftthegoldring?
Ⅳ.theAppositiveclause
Thefactthatthehadntsaidany-thingsurprisedeveryone.
StepⅦRecordafterTeaching
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
擴(kuò)展閱讀
Unit 3 Life in the future The Second Period教案
一名優(yōu)秀負(fù)責(zé)的教師就要對每一位學(xué)生盡職盡責(zé),作為教師就要精心準(zhǔn)備好合適的教案。教案可以保證學(xué)生們在上課時(shí)能夠更好的聽課,有效的提高課堂的教學(xué)效率。怎么才能讓教案寫的更加全面呢?下面是由小編為大家整理的“Unit 3 Life in the future The Second Period教案”,歡迎您參考,希望對您有所助益!
TheSecondPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.Learnandmasterthefollowingexpressions:
ingeneral,catchaglimpseof,keepintouchwith,payattentionto,leadto,instore
2.Improvethestudentsreadingability.
3.Letthestudentsknowsomethingaboutthelifeinthefuture.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.Improvethestudentsreadingability.
2.Masterthefollowingphrases:
ingeneral,catchaglimpseof,keepintouchwith,payattentionto,1eadto,instore
3.Enablethestudentstounderstandthetextbetter.
TeachingDifficultPoint:
Howtomakethestudentsunderstandthereadingpassagebetter.
TeachingMethods:
1.Discussionbeforereadingtomakestudentsbecomeinterestedinwhattheywilllearn.
2.Scaningthetexttogetageneralideaofthetext.
3.Carefulreadingtogetthedetailedinformationinthetext.
4.Individual,pairorgroupworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.
TeachingAids:
1.a(chǎn)multimedia
2.a(chǎn)taperecorder
3.theblackboard
TeachingProcedures:
StepIGreetingsandLead-in
Greetthewholeclassasusual.
T:Doyoulikewatchingplays?
Ss:Yes.
T:NowIllshowyouthreeplays.Watchcarefully.AfterthatIllaskyoua
question.
(Teachershowstheplays.Afterthat,teachersaysthefollowing.)
T:Whatdifferenceshaveyoufoundintheseplays?Who’dliketoanswerthisquestion?Anyvolunteers?
S:Ithinkthewaysthatpeopleworkaredifferent.Inthefirstplay,somepeopleareworkingbyhand.Inthesecondplay.somepeopleareworkingwithmachineswhilesomepeoplearegivingorderstorobotstoworkfortheminthelastone.
T:Yes.Oursocietyisdevelopingveryfast,soourlifehasalsochangedalot.
Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,ourlifenowisquitedif-ferentfromthatinthepast.Doyouwanttoknowwhatlifewi11belikeinthefuture?
Ss:Yes.
T:Todaywearegoingtoreadapassageaboutlifeinthefuture.
StepⅡPre—reading
T:NowfirstletslearnsomenewwordsonPage110.
(Teachthewordsandexplainthemtothestudents.Thenaskthestudentstoreadafterthetape.Atlastteachersaysthefollowing.)
T:OK.NowIwantyoutodiscussfourquestions.Lookatthescreen.
(Teacherusesthemultimediatoshowthequestionsonthescreen.)
1.Howwillpeopleshopinthefuture?
2.Howwillpeopletravelinthefuture?
3.Whatwillschoolsbelikeinthefu-ture?
4.Whatwillthefuturebelikeingener-a1?
(Teachergivesthestudentsfourminutestodiscussandthencollectstheiran-swers.Finallyaskthemtoreadthetexttofindouttheanswerstothequestions.)
StepⅢReading
T:OK.PleaseopenyourbooksatPage43.Readthepassagequicklytofindoutinwhichparagraphyoucanfindtheanswerstothequestionsdiscussedjustnow.
(Teachergivesthestudentsenoughtimetoreadthetextandthencollectstheiranswers.)
Suggestedanswers:
1.Howwillpeopleshopinthefuture?
Paragraph3
Peoplecandoonlineshopping(ontheInternet)andtheycangotoapleasantmallusingsmartcards.
2.Howwillpeopletravel/inthefuture?
Paragraph2
Welltravelbycar/taxi/bus/trainthatburnsnewfuelsandusesnewenginesthatwillletustravelwithoutworryingaboutwhetherwearepollutingtheen-vironment.
3.Whatwillschoolsbelikeinthefuture?
Paragraph5
Inthefuture,theremaybemore“schoolsontheair”and“e-schools”.Wecanstudyathomebywatchinged-ucatorsonTVoronacomputerscreen.
4.Whatwillthefuturebelikeingeneral?
Paragraph1
Ingeneral,thefuturewillbebrighterandourlifewillbemoreconvenient.
T:Nowreadthepassageagainandthenanswerthequestionsonthescreen.Thistime,youshouldreadslowlyandcarefully.
(Showthefollowingquestionsonthescreen.)
1.Whatwillhappeninthefieldofhealthandmedicineinthefuture?
2.Canyouexplainthemeaningofe-learning?
3.Whyisitimportanttobelifelonglearners?
4.Whatshouldwedotomakesurewewillhaveabrightfuture?
(Teachergivesthestudentsfiveminutestoreadthetextcarefully.Finallyasksomestudentstoanswerthequestionsonthescreen.Theycanhaveadiscussioninpairsifnecessary.)
T:Now,whocananswerthefirstques-tion?GuoLi,wouldyouliketohaveatry?
S:Peopleinthefuturewillbeabletoen-joyalongerandhealthierlifeandre-mainactiveeveninoldage。Peoplewi1lpaymoreattentiontotheimportanceofahealthydietandanactivelife.SomenewdiseasessuchasSARS,smallpoxhavealreadybeendefeatedbynewmedicines.
T:Good.Pleasesitdown.Now,let’san-swerthesecondquestion.Whowantstohaveatry?
S:Letmetry.“E-learning”meanstolearnontheInternet.Thatistosay,wecanstudybywatchingeducatorsonTVoronacomputerscreen,wheneverwehavetimeandwhereverweare.
T:Doyouagreewithhis/heranswer?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Now,whohasgottheanswertothethirdquestion?
S:Ihave.Becauseknowledgeischangingallthetime,itisimportantandneces-sarytobelifelonglearners.
T:Thatsright.Anybodyvolunteerstoanswerthe1astquestion?
S:Weshouldtrytolearntoacceptchangeandappreciatewhatisnewanddiffer-net.Andweshouldlearnmoreknowl-edgetofitinwiththeneedsoftheso-ciety.
StepⅣExplanation
T:Nowyouhaveknownthegeneralideaofthepassage.Butyoushouldalsopayattentiontosomeusefulphrases.Letslookattheirusages.
(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)
1.Ingeneral,boyslikeplayingfootballmorethangirls.
2.Icaughtaglimpseofahighbuildingfromthewindowofatrain.
3.Mr..Wangkeptintouchwithhisoldfriendsbymobilephone.
4.Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.
5.Hardworkleadstosuccess.
6.Ihavesomegoodnewsinstoreforyou.
(Bb:ingeneral,catchaglimpseof,keepintouchwith,payattentionto,leadto,instore)
(Teacherexplainstheunderlinedphrases.ThenasksomestudentstotranslatethesesentencesintoChinese.Onestudent,onesentence.)
S:1.一般來說.男孩比女孩更喜歡踢足球。
S:2.透過火車車窗,我瞥見一座高樓。
S:3.王先生用手機(jī)同他的老朋友保持聯(lián)系。
S:4.你應(yīng)多注意你的發(fā)音。
S:5.努力就會成功。
S:6.我有一些好消息要告訴你。
StepVListeningandDiscussion
T:Nowlistentothetapeandfollowitinalowvoice.Payattentiontoyourpro-nunciationandintonation.
(Teacherplaysthetape.Afterthat,teachergivesthestudentsafewmi-nutestoreadthetextaloud.Atlastaskthestudentstohaveadiscussion.)
T:OK.Nowlookatthescreen.Igiveyouseveralminutestodiscusstheadvanta-gesanddisadvantagesofthefollowingthings:futuretransportation,smartcards,onlineshoppingande-schools.
Thenfillinthetableonthescreen.
(Showthescreen.)
advantagesdisadvantages
future
transportation
smartcards
onlineshopping
e-schools
(Studentsbegintohaveadiscussionandafterawhileteacheraskssomestudentstofillinthetable.)
Suggestedanswers:
StepⅥSummaryandHomework
T:Todaywevereadapassageaboutlifeinthefuture.We’velearnedwhatwill
happeninthefieldsoftransportation,business,healthandmedicineandedu-cationandknowledgeinthefuture.Atthesametime.wevealsolearnedsomeusefulphrases.Afterclass,readthepassageagainandagainuntilyoucanreciteit.Besides,dontforgettopre-view“WordstudyandGrammar”inthenextperiod.
Well,that’sallforto-day.Classisover.
StepⅦTheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard
Unit6Lifeinthefuture
TheSecondPeriod
Usefulphrases:
ingeneralcatchaglimpseof
leadtokeepintouchwith
StepⅧRecordafterTeaching
__________________________________________
___________________________________________
____________________________________________
Unit 3 Life in the future The Third Period教案
TheThirdPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.Reviewthewordsandexpressionslearnedinthelasttwoperiods.
2.LearnandmastertheNounClauseusedastheSubject.ObjectandPredicative.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.Howtoguessthemissingwordaccordingtothegivensentence.
2.HowtomastertheusagesoftheNounClauseusedastheSubject,ObjectandPredicative.
TeachingDifficultPoints:
1.Thechoiceoftheconnectives.
2.ThewordorderintheNounClausesusedastheSubject。ObjectandPredicative.
TeachingMethods:
1.Reviewmethodtoconsolidatethewordsandexpressionslearnedinthelasttwope-riods.
2.ExplanationandinductivemethodstomakethestudentsmastertheusagesoftheNounClausesusedastheSubject,ObjectandPredicative.
3.Individualorpairworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.
TeachingAids:
l.aprojector
2.theblackboard
TeachingProcedures:
StepIGreetingsandRevision
Greetthewholeclassasusual.
T:Yesterdaywelearntapassageaboutlifeinthefuture.Whocantellmewhatthefuturewillbe1ike?
S:Letmetry.Inthefuture,wewilltravelbycar,taxi,busortrainthatwontpollutetheairanymore.We’llbuythingsontheInternetinsteadofintheshop.
Andwe’llbeabletoenjoyalon-gerandhealthierlife…
StepⅡWordStudy
T:Verygood.Inthetext.wealsolearntsomeimportantwordsandexpres-sions.Nowlet’shaveadictation.Takeoutapieceofpaperandwritethemdownonit.
(Teacherdictatesthewordsandex-pressionslearntinthelasttwoperi-ods.
includingforcast,trend.urbanconsumer,tiny,customer,cash,regu-larly.effort,andphysician.Afterthat,letthestudentshandthemin.)
T:OK.NowlookatLanguageStudyonPage45.FirstlookatEx.IinWordstudy.Readthesentencesandfindawordfromwhatwedicatatedjustnowtocompleteeach.Youaregivenfiveminutestodoit.Readfirstandthencompletethesentencesaccordingtothemeaningofthem.Isthatclear?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Firstdoitbyyourselves.Thendiscusstheminpairs.Afterawhile,I’llasksomeofyoutosayyou’rean-swersandgivetheChinesemeaningofeachsentence.
(Afterawhile,teachercheckstheiranswersandcorrectsthemistakeifany.Teachercangivesomeexplana-tions.)
Suggestedanswers:
1.forecast你聽天氣預(yù)報(bào)了嗎?明天天氣會怎么樣?
2.trend在中國許多地方使用信用卡已成為一種趨勢。
3.urban許多人想在都市工作而在農(nóng)村生活。
4.consumers根據(jù)中國法律,被廠家欺騙的顧客可以得到兩倍賠償。
5.customers因特網(wǎng)有助于廠家和顧客保持聯(lián)系。
6.tiny計(jì)算機(jī)越來越小,有一天我們會在脖子或手腕上帶上計(jì)算機(jī)。
7.cash旅游時(shí)帶許多現(xiàn)金是不好的,你最好用銀行卡。
8.regularly這兩位女孩以前定期見面,但自從其中一個(gè)搬到另一個(gè)省后.她們就不能見面了。
9.physician內(nèi)科醫(yī)師就是給病人看病開藥方的醫(yī)生。
lO.efforts學(xué)習(xí)外語需要付出很大努力。
T:Welldone.NowlookatEx2.Choosethecorrectphrasetofillineachblank.Firstlookatthephrasesinthebox.Let’srevisethemeaningsofthemto-gether.(StudentssaytheChinesemeaningsofthephrasestogether.)Nowyouregiventhreeminutestofin-ishit.
(Afterawhile,teachercheckstheiranswers.)
Suggestedanswers:
Ingeneral,instore,keepintouchwith,leadto,payingnoattentionto
T:Nowreadthispassageagainandtrytocontinuethestory.Writeanendingtothestory.Afterawhile,Illasksomeofyoutoreadoutyourstory.
(Afterawhile,asksomestudentstoreadouttheirownendingtothesto-ry.)
StepⅢGrammar
T:Thankyouforyourstories.Nowpleaselookatthesentencesontheblackboard.
(Whilethestudentsarepreparingtheirstories,theteacherwritesthefollowingsentencesontheblack-boardandunderlinestheclauseswithcolouredchalk.)
(Bb:1.Whoboughtthebookisun-known?
2.Theyknowthatthehabitmaykillthem.
3.AllIcansayisthathehasalwaysbeengoodtome.)
T:Whocantellmethefunctionoftheclauseineachsentence?Anyvolun-teers?OK.WangLi,please.
S:Inthefirstsentence,“who-clause”isusedastheSubject.“That—clause”inthesecondsentenceisanobjectclausewhileinthelastsentence“that-clause”isapredicativeclause.
T:Iswhatshesaidright?
Ss:Yes.
T:Verygood.IntheObjectClause“that”isoptionalandcanbeomitted.ButinthePredicativeandSubjectClauses,“that”isnecessaryandcannotbeomitted.Youmustrememberthat.Areyouclear?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.LookatthesentencesonthescreenandtellwhichparttheNounClauseactas.
(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)
1.Whatlifewillbelikeinthefutureisdifficultotpredict.
2.Theyarecarefulaboutwhattheyeatandexerciseregularly.
3.Theschoolsofthefuturewillproba-blybequitedifferentfromwhattheyaretoday.
4.Wecannotbesurewhetherourdreamswillcometrue,butwecanatleastbehopefulthat…
5.Ifwelearntoacceptchangeandap-preciatewhatisnewanddifferent,wewillbewell-preparedforwhateverthefuturemayhaveinstore.
(Teacherasksthestudentstodoitonebyone.)
S1:“Whatlifewillbelikeinthefuture”isusedasthesubject.
S2:“Whattheyeatandexerciseregular-ly”istheobjectofpreposition“about”.
S3:“Whattheyaretoday”istheobjectofpreposition“from”.
S4:“Whetherourdreamswillcometrue”isusedasthepredicative.
S5:“Whatisnewanddifferent”isusedastheobjectofverb“appreciate”and
“whateverthefuturemayhaveinstore”servesastheobjectofpreposi-tion“for”
StepⅣPractice
T:OK.LookatPart2onPage46.Usetheexpressionsintherightboxtochangeyourquestionsaboutthefu-tureintheleftboxintoNounClauses.Youmaydolikethis.
e.g.Howweshouldusemoderntech-nologyisabigissue.ButyoushouldpayattentiontothewordorderintheNotmClause.Normalwordorderisusedinit.Doyouunderstand?
Ss:Yes.
(Givethestudentsthreeminutestopractiseandthenasksomeofthestudentstoreadouttheirsentences.
Onestudent,onesentence.)
Suggestedanswers:
1.Ican’timaginewhattheadvantagesofe-schoolsare.
2.Scientistshave(not)foundanswerstothequestionwhythereisnolifeonthemoon.
3.Theproblemishowweshouldusemoderntechnology.
4.Wecannotbesurewhenwe’llbeabletotravelinspace.
5.Theyareworriedaboutwhetherrobotswillbesmarterthanpeople.
6.Wecannotbesurewhetherthefuturewillbebetter.
T:Nowlet’sdotheexerciseinPart3.Themainpurposeofthisexerciseisto
helpyouunderstandthedifferencesbetweenaNounClauseandanAttrib-utiveC1ause.Who’dliketotellmethedifferencesbetweenthem?
S:I’dIiketotry.ANounClauseisusedasasubject,object,predicativeorop-
positiveinthemainclause.AnAttrib-utiveClauseservesasanattributeto
somenounorpronouninthemainclause,anditisoftenplacedafterthisnounorpronoun.TheAttributiveClauseisintroducedbytherelativepronounsandtherelativeadverbs.
T:Verygood.Sitdownplease.NowpleasereadthesentencesinPart3first.Thenidentifythetypeofclauseinthesentences.IfitisaNounC1ause,write“NC”;ifitisanAttributiveC1ause,write“AC”.Areyouclear?
Ss:Yes.
T:Nowyouaregiventhreeminutestoprepareit.
(Threeminutes1ater,askfivestudentstosaytheiranswersonebyone.)
Suggestedanswers!
1.NC2.NC3.AC4.AC5.NC
T:Welldone.NowlookatPart4.Re-writethesentencessothattheybe-comethetypeofnounclausesinbrackets.Ifyouhaveanyproblem,youcanlookattheexample.
(Teachergivesthemfourminutestofinishit.Afterthat,askthestudentstoreadouttheirsentences.)
Suggestedanswers:
1.Wemustmakesurewhatisneededtoopenanonlinestore.
2.Howwecandeveloptransportationwithoutpollutingtheenvironmentisstillaproblem.
3.Wedon’tknowwhenwe’llhavethemedicinethatcancureanydisease.
4.AllIwanttoknowiswhosebookyouarereading.
5.Whyitisimportantforustobecomelifelonglearnersisbeingdiscussed.
Thatiswhyitisimportantforustobe-comelifelonglearners.Hehastoldmewhyitisimportantforustobecomelifelonglearners.
StepVSummaryandHomework
T:OK.Todaywe’vereviewedthewordsandphraseswelearnedinthelasttwoperiods.We’vealsolearnedtheNounClausesastheSubject,ObjectandPredicative.YoushouldpayattentiontothewordorderintheNounClauseandthedifferencesbetweenaNounClauseandanAttributiveClause.Af-terclass,reviewthecontentwelearnt,especiallytheAttributiveClauseandtheNounClauseastheSubject,ObjectandPredicative.Timeisup.That’sallfortoday.
StepⅥTheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard
Unit6Lifeinthefuture
TheThirdPeriod
Grammar:theNounClause
1.Whoboughtthebookisunknown.
theSubjectClause
2.Theyknowthatthehabitmaykillthem.
theObjectClause
3.AllIcansayis
thathehasalwaysbeengoodtome.
thePredicativeClause
StepⅦRecordafterTeaching
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
_____________________________________
Unit 3 Life in the future The Fourth Period教案
TheFourthPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.Reviewtheusefulexpressionslearntinthisunitbydoingsomeexercises.
2.DosomeexercisestoconsolidatetheNounClause.
3.Dosomereadingandwritingpracticetoimprovethestudents’integratingskills.
TeachingImportantPoints:
1.HelpthestudentsmastertheNounClausebetter.
2.Helpthestudentslearntowriteadefini-tionparagraph.
3.Improvethestudents’integratingskills.
TeachingDiffcultPOint:
Howtoimprovethestudents’integratingskills.
TeachingMethods:
1.Revisionmethodtohelpthestudentsmas-tertheusefulexpressionsandtheNounClausebetter.
2.Asking-and-answeringactivitytogothroughthereadingmaterial.
3.Individual,pairorgroupworktomakeev-erystudentworkinclass.
TeachingAids:
1.a(chǎn)projector
2.a(chǎn)taperecorder
3.theblackboard
TeachingProcedures:
StepIGreetings
Greetthewholeclassasusual.
StepⅡRevision
T:Yesterdaywelearnedgrammar--theNounClause.Firstlookatthescreen,please.
(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)
1.Whatlifewillbe1ikeinthefutureisthetopicfortoday’sclassdiscussion.
2.Canyouimaginewhatlifewillbelikeinthefuture?
3.Oneofthequestionsthatfewpeoplecangiveanswertoiswhatlifewillbe
likeinthefuture.
T:StudythesentencesandfindoutwhatkindofNounClausetheunderlinedpartineachsentenceis.
(Thestudentsprepareforacoupleofminutes.Thentheteachermayasksomestudenttosaytheiranswers.)
Suggestedanswers:
1.SubjectClause
2.ObjectClause
3.PredicativeClause
T:Good.Butgenerallyspeaking,itishardforyoutochooseconnectiyesin-troducingtheNounClause.OnlywhenyouknowthefunctionsoftheconnectivescanyouusetheNounClauseastheSubject,Object,Predi-cativeandAppositivefreely.Nowlet’sdosomeexercisestoconsolidatewhatyouhavelearnt.
(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)
Fillintheblankswithsuitableconnec-tives.
1._______compositionisthebestisknowntousa11.
2.Hewondered________hewasnotal-lowedtogooutalone.
3.______istotakeLiMing’splaceisbeingdiscussed.
4.Igotveryangrywith______hesaid.
5.Myideais_________weshouldgermorepeopletofinishthework.
6.Iwonder_________itistrueornot.
7.Theproblemis___________wecouldhelpsmokerskicktheirhabit.
8.Thenews__________wehadwoninthematchexcitedall.
9.Wehavenoidea_________shewasborn.
10.That’s________wedecidedtoputthemeetingoff.
Suggestedanswers:
1.Whose2.why3.Who4.what5.that6.whether7.how8.that9.when/wherelO.why
T:Inthisunit,we’vealsolearnedsomeusefulexpressions.Doyourememberthem?Nowlet’sdoanexercisetore-visethem.pleaselookatthescreen.
(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)
Completethesentences,usingtheex-pressionslearntinthisunit.
1._______hisworkhasbeengood,butthisessayisterrible.
2.Youshould________yourfriendbylet-ter.
3.Please_________whatIamsaying.
4.Healwayskeepsseveralbasketsofapples________.
5.Themisprint________greatconfusion.
6.He_______herbeforeshevanished(消失)intothecrowd.
7.Hisdreamofbeingafamoussinger________atlast.
Suggestedanswers:
1.Ingeneral2.keepintouchwith
3.payattentionto4.instore
5.ledto6.caughtaglimpseof
7.cametrue
T:Inthisunit,we’vealsoreadapassageaboutlifeinthefuture.Nowplease
thinkoutsomewordsyoucanusetodescribelifeinthefuture.
(Afterawhile,asksomestudentstosayoutthewords.)
StepⅢReadingandWriting
T:OK.Asweknow,people’slifehas
beenchanging.It’sgettingbetterandbetter.Whatdoyouthinklifeinthe3lst
centurywillbelike?willitbethesameasthattoday?
Ss:No.Wethinklifeinthe3lstcenturywillbeverydifferentfromthatinthiscentury.We’lllivemoreeasilythantoday.We’llhaveamachinedowhatwewantthemto.Theonlythingweneedtodoistopressthebuttonsonthecomputer.
T:OK.Thankyou.Todaywe’regoingtoreadaletteraboutthewaypeoplewill
livemorethanonethousandyearslat-erandwecanknowwhatthelifeinthe3lstcenturywillbelike.Firstletmeexplainsomephrasestoyou:keepsb.Company,abitandclearup.
(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)
1.keepsb.company:remainwithsb.sothatheisnotalone.
e.g.Hestayedathometokeephiswifecompany.
I’llstayhereandkeepyoucompany.
2.a(chǎn)bit:rather
e.g.Heisfeelingabittired.
Thebookcostsabitmuch.
3.clearup:putinorder/makesth.Tidy
e.g.Clearupyourdeskbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.
Wouldyoupleaseclearupthecup-board?
(Bb:keepsb.Company,abit,clearup)
T:NowopenyourbooksatPage47.LookatReadingandWriting.HereisaletterfromMekanika.Nowyou’regivenfourminutestoreadit.Thenanswersomequestionsundertheletter.
(Thestudentsbegintoread.Afterawhile.teachercheckstheircompre-hension.)
T:Who’dliketotellmewhatyouwoulduseane-friendfor,ifyouhadone?
(Onestudentsstandsup.)
S:Letmetry.IfIhadane-friend.IwouldlethimhelpmewithwhatIcouldntdo,keepmecompany,talkwithmeandhelpmewithmyhomework.
(Anotherstudentbeginstogivetheanswer.)
S:IthinkIwouldhavethee-friendhelpmetakenoteswhenIwaslisteningtoalectureandplaychesswithme.Fur-thermor,Iwouldletmye-friendhelpmeifIwasintrouble.
T:Thankyou.Nowthesecondquestion:WhyisitsometimesdifficultforMek-anikatoknowwhatisrealandwhatisanimage?Anyvolunteer?
S:Becausetheworldandpeopleareimi-tatedsowellthatwecanseethem,hearthem,touchthem,talktothemandfeelthem.Theyarejustliketherealworldandrealpeople.
T:OK.Thelastquestion:Howisour1ifedifferentfromthewaypeoplelivedonethousandyearsago?
S:Nowlifeismucheasierandmorecon-venientthaninthepast.Wecankeepintouchwitheachotherbycellphoneorbycomputerinsteadofbywritingletters.
S:Wecantravelbycarinsteadofonfoot.WecanbuythingsontheInter-net.Wecanalsogetthelatestinfor-mationbysurfingtheInternet.
…
StepⅣListeningandReadingAloud
T:Nowlet’slistentothetape.WhenIplayitforthefirsttime,justlistencarefully.WhenIplayitforthesecondtime,pleaselistenandrepeat.Thenreadthepassagealoud.Payattentiontoyourintonation.Areyouclear?
S:Yes.
(Playthetapeforthestudentstolis-ten.Thenwhenthestudentsreadthepassage.theteachergoesamongthemandcorrectstheirmistakesinpronun-ciation,intonationandstress.)
StepVWriting
T:Wehaveknownwhatthelifewillbeintheyear3044.Imaginethatyouhavecomebackfromatriptothefuture.Youvisitedtheyear4367andyousawawonderfulinventioncalledaMogray.NowworkwithyourpartneranddecidewhataMograyis,whatitlookslikeandwhatitisusedfor.
(Teacherasksthestudentstodiscussthequestions.Andthencollecttheir
answers.Afterthat,theteachersaysthefollowing.)
T:Nowyouknowwhatitislike.PleasewriteaparagraphaboutwhataMograyis.Beforewriting,youhavetocompletetheoutlineonthescreen.
(Showthefollowingonthescreen.)
WhatcanaMogray
Beusedfor?WhatdoesaMogray
looklike?
Howdoesitwork?
(Teacherasksthestudentstowritetheoutlineintheirexercisebooks.Studentsmayhavevariousanswers.)
T:OK.Youhavefinishedyouroutline.Pleaseuseittowriteyourparagraph.
(Teachermayletthestudentshandtheminafterclass,iftimeislimited.)
Onepossibleversion:
Lifeintheyear4367isquitediffer-entfromlifeinthe21stcentury.Wewill
stilldomanythingswedotoday,butwedothemdifferently.Forexample,wecan
useaMogarytohelpus.AMogaryisanintelligentrobot,whichlooksexactlylikeahumanbeing.Itcanbeusedinmanyfields.suchasathome,inthefactoryorinnature.
TheMograycanbeeasilyandcon-venientlyusedathome.Ifyouwanttotravel,youcanturnitintoallkindsoftransportthatyoulike,suchasaplane,acaroratrain,whichusethesolarenergywithoutpollution.Whenitistoocoldor
toohot,theheadoftheMograycanbeusedasanair—conditioner,whichcankeepapropertemperature.Thereareallkindsofrecipesinitshead.Itcancookallkindsofhealthyanddeliciousfoodforyoiifyoupressthebuttonsonit.Whenyouarebored,itcanreadsomebooksforyou,whicharestoredinitsbrain.Itcanalsoplaychesswithyouorcommunicatewithyou.Ithasthoughtssimilartoyours,YourlifewillberichandcolorfulwithaMograycompanyingyou.
Itcanbeusedinmanyfields.Inaword,theearthwillbecomeevenmorebeautifulwiththehelpofit.
StepⅥSummaryandHomework
T:Today,we’velearnedapassageaboutthelifeintheyear3044.Atthesametime,wewroteapassageaboutthelifeintheyear4367.What’smore,we’verevisedtheNounClauseandtheusefulexpressionsinthisunit.suchasingeneral,keepintouchwith,instore…(Writethemontheblackboard.Afterclass,youshouldmasterthemfurtherbyrevisingwhatwe’velearntinthisunit.Don’tforgettoprepareforthenextunit.That’sallfortoday.Classisover.)
StepⅦTheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard
Unit6Lifeinthefuture
TheFourthPeriod
Usefulexpressions:
keepsb.companyabit
clearupingeneral
keepintouchwithinstore
payattentiontoleadto
catchaglimpseofcometrue
StepⅧRecordafterTeaching
_________________________________
_________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
Unit 3 Life in the future Period 5 Grammar教案
Period5Grammar
TheGeneralIdeaofThisPeriod
Thisisthefifthperiod,whichwillcenteronthegrammar:usingthepastparticipleastheadverbialandattribute.Atthebeginningoftheperiod,theteachershouldoffersometimetogooverwhatthestudentslearnedinthelastperiod.?
Latertheteacherhadbetterpresentsomesentencescontainingthepastparticipleusedastheadverbialandattributeonpurposebyaskingthestudentstodosomeexercises.Getthestudentstofindallthesentencescontainingthepastparticipleinthetwopassages.Afterfindingthem,theteachercanaskthestudentstoanalyzethemandunderstandthefunctionofthepastparticipleinthosesentences.Whiledoingit,thestudentsshouldbegivensomeexplanationabouthowtousethepastparticiple.?
Thefollowingstepistopractisemoreaboutthegrammar.Theteachershouldarrangesomeactivitiescarefullyandcreatively.Firstletthemdosomesimpleexercises.Forexample,combinethetwosentencesusingthepastparticipleastheadverbialandattribute.Thenaskthemstudentstomakesomesentencesusingthepastparticiple.?
Besidesthat,theteachershouldhelpthestudentstoreviewtheotherusagesofthepastparticiple.Intheend,letthemwriteapassageusingthepastparticipleproperly.?
Apartfromtheusageofthepastparticiple,theteacherhadbettermakethestudentsunderstandthedifferencebetweenthepastparticipleandthepresentparticiple.Inordertohavethestudentsmasterit,theteachershouldchoosesomeexercisestosupplythestudentswithsomeproblemstodealwith.Bydoingandpracticingmore,thestudentsmaymasterthegrammar.?
TeachingImportantPoints
Tolearnaboutthepastparticipleusedastheadverbialandtheattribute.?
TeachingDifficulties
Toknowthedifferencebetweenthepastparticipleandthepresentparticiple.?
TeachingAids
Multi-mediaclassroomandothernormalteachingtools.?
ThreeDimensionalTeachingAims
KnowledgeAims
Tolearnaboutthepastparticipleusedastheadverbialandtheattribute.?
AbilityAims
Tousethepastparticipleusedastheadverbialandtheattributefreelyandproperlyinspeakingandwriting.?
EmotionalAims
Encouragethestudentstostudybythemselves.?
Makethemknowonlybydoingmoreexercisescantheylearnthegrammarwell.?
TeachingProcedure
Step1Greeting?
T:Hello,myfriends.?
Ss:Hello,MissWang.?
Step2Revision?
T:Doyoustillrememberwhatyoulearnedinthisunit?Pleasesaysomethingaboutthelifeinthefuture.
S:Thelifeinthefutureisquitedifferentfromthepresentlife.?
S:Peopleinthefuturewilltravelbyhoveringcarriage,whichwillbedrivenbycomputer.?
S:Peoplewillsufferfromthelackoffreshair,buttheywillwearmaskstofeelmuchbetter.
S:Inthefuture,equipmentwillmakelifemuchmoreconvenientthannow.?
Ss:...?
T:Good.Nowpleaseanswersomequestionsaccordingtothepassage:IHaveSeenAmazingThings.
Wheredidhevisitinthefirstplace?Whatdidhefindthere??
S:Hisfirstvisitwastoaspacestationconsideredthemostmoderninthispartofspace.Itisanenormousroundplate,whichspinsslowlyinspacetoimitatethepulloftheearth’sgravity.Inside,itisdividedintozoneswithextraordinarilydifferentatmospheresandgravities.Therethealiencreatureslivewhiletheyworkwithhumanspacescientistssearchingfornewworlds.?
T:Excellent.Wouldyoupleasedescribethefriendliestcreatureshemet??
S:Thefriendliestcreaturesarethemu-mu,afamilyfromthePleiadesgroupofstars.Theycanseeinthedarksotheyliveinanareawithoutlightofanykind.TheyhaveassistedinthediscoveryofplanetsroundthefourthstarinthePleiadessystem.Theyspeakinwhispersandeatfoodthatcontainscarbon.Theyhavesixarmsandoneshell-coveredleg.Theymovedforwardbyslowlyshakingfromsidetosideandtheyaretallandthinwithwhiteandblackfaces.?
T:Youdidagoodjob.Whataboutthemostinterestingcreatures??
S:ThemostinterestingcreaturesarethetinydimpodsfromagalaxynearNGC6240.Theyskiparoundthepipesandbetweenthewoodenwallsofthespacestation.Theyrequirethesameatmosphereashumansandaregreatengineers.Theywillbeabletotravelmanylightyearsawayfromtheearth.Theyalsocanproduceaspecialliquidfromtheirbodies.Theyarenoteasytotalkto,becauseyouhavetousealanguage-changertohelpandtheyshoutloudlyinyourear.Theyareverysmallwithmanyarmsandlegs.Theyarepurpleorblueandthecolorchangesdependingontheirmood.?
Step3Presentation
T:Canyoufindthefollowingsentenceinthereadingpassage??
Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.?
T:Inthissentencethepastparticipleisusedasanadverbialphrase.Itisawayofjoiningtwoclausestogether:AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Nowpleasepickoutthreemoresentencesfromthereadingpassageswithpastparticiplesusedastheadverbial.Youareallowedtofindasmanysentencesaspossibleintwominutes.?
(Twominuteslater,askthestudentstoreportwhattheyhavefound.)?
S:Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’companynamed“FutureTours”transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule.?
S:Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.?
S:Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.?
S:Describedasanenormousroundplate,itspinsslowlyinspacetoimitatethepulloftheearth’sgravity.?
T:Good.Youjustfoundallthesentencescontainingthepastparticiplesusedastheadverbials?.Besidesusingastheadverbials,thepastparticiplescanalsobeusedastheattributes.Canyoufindthesentenceswithpastparticiplesusedasattributes?Finishitintwominutes.?
(Twominuteslater,letthestudentsreadthesesentenceswithpastparticiplesastheattributes.)
S:Myfirstvisitwastoaspacestationconsideredthemostmoderninthispartofspace.?
S:Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’companynamed“FutureTours”transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatomecapsule.?
S:SoonIwasbackonmyfeetagainandfollowedhimtocollectahoveringcarriagedriven?bycomputer.?
S:Tomorrowyouwillbereadyforsomevisitsorganizedbythecompany.?
S:Themu-mudrinkastrangemixtureofcarrotjuiceandcocoa,whilethedimpodsdrinklemonademixedwithherbs.?
S:Theymoveforwardbyslowlyshakingfromsidetosideonashell-covered“l(fā)eg”.?
Step4Practising
T:Fromthesentencesmentionedjustnow,whatdoyouknowabouttheusageofpastparticiplesasadverbialsandattributes??
S:Weusepastparticiplesasattributeswhenwewanttojointwoclausestogether,whichisanattributiveclause.?
T:Yes.過去分詞作定語,在語態(tài)上,表被動;在時(shí)間上,表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成,與它所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。過去分詞作定語時(shí),所修飾的名詞在邏輯上相當(dāng)于被動句中的主語,過去分詞相當(dāng)于謂語。?
過去分詞作定語表示動作在謂語動作之前發(fā)生,已經(jīng)完成并具有被動意義。有時(shí)也不表示時(shí)間性。作定語的過去分詞一般由及物動詞變來,因?yàn)橹挥屑拔飫釉~才有被動意義。例如:
Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.他是個(gè)很受學(xué)生愛戴的老師。?
也有用不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語的情況,一般作前置定語,它不表示被動意義,只表示主動意義,強(qiáng)調(diào)動作完成。不能像及物動詞的過去分詞那樣放在名詞后面作定語。例如:
fallenleaves落葉?
retiredworkers退休工人?
therisensun升起的太陽?
T:Nowcombinethesetwosentencesusingthepastparticipleastheattribute.?
Soonwelostsightofthatfamousastronomer.HeiscalledLiQiang.?
S:SoonwelostsightofthatfamousastronomercalledLiQiang.?
T:Iamgoingtobuyapainting.ItiscopiedfromVincentVanGogh.?
S:IamgoingtobuyapaintingcopiedfromVincentVanGogh.?
T:Ilikethatoldprivatehouse.Itisbuiltofwoodandmud.?
S:Ilikethatoldprivatehousebuiltofwoodandmud.?
T:Theroomiscompletelyempty.Theroomisconnectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassage.
S:Theroomconnectedtotherestofthehousebyalongpassageiscompletelyempty.?
T:Thequeenwassittinginaroyalcarriage.Thecarriagewasdrawnbyfourhorses.?
S:Thequeenwassittinginaroyalcarriagedrawnbyfourhorses.?
T:Thevehicleismentionedinthebook.Thevehicleisunknowntome.?
S:Thevehiclementionedinthebookisunknowntome.?
T:Thecastleisunderrepair.Itwasbuiltin1432.?
S:Thecastlebuiltin1432isunderrepair.?
T:Justnowwepracticedpastparticiplesusedasattributes.Therearestillsomenotesweshouldpayattentionto.?
注意下面過去分詞作定語的幾種情況:?
1.單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞之前。例如:?
Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.我們需要更多的合格工人。?
Myfriendisareturnedstudent.我的朋友是個(gè)歸國的留學(xué)生。?
單個(gè)分詞也可以作后置定語,用以強(qiáng)調(diào)動作。例如:?
Theydecidedtochangethematerialused.他們決定更換使用的材料。?
2.過去分詞短語作定語要放在被修飾的名詞后面,作后置定語,其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。例如:?
Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.(=Thestudentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.)穿白色衣服的學(xué)生是我的女兒。?
3.如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等時(shí),即使一個(gè)單一的分詞作形容詞用,也要放在被修飾詞的后面。例如:
Isthereanythingunsolved?還有沒解決的問題嗎?
ThereisnotingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.?
自從我離開這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)以來,幾乎沒有什么變化。?
4.單個(gè)過去分詞前加一個(gè)名詞或副詞,常用連字符將它們連接起來構(gòu)成一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞,放在其修飾的名詞前,作前置定語。分詞前加的名詞表示分詞的動作或行為主體,所加的副詞表示方式、時(shí)間、程度、性質(zhì)等意義。例如:?
Thisisastate-ownedfactory.這是一家國有工廠。?
Thisisourschool-runfactory.這是我們的校辦工廠。?
T:Nowlet’slearnpastparticiplesusedasadverbials.?
分詞作狀語分詞在句子中作狀語,可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等。分詞作狀語時(shí),它的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。作狀語的分詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句。?
例如:??
Accompaniedbyhisfriend,hewenttotherailwaystation.?
Givenbetterattention,theplantscouldgrowbetter.?
Helookedtiredanddepressed,visiblydisturbedbythenewsofhismother’sillness.?
分詞在句子中作狀語,使用何種分詞,要取決于分詞與句子主語的關(guān)系:主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞,動賓或被動關(guān)系用過去分詞。例如:?
1.Nothavingenoughhands,weturnedtothemforhelp.(Wedon’thaveenoughhands.)?
2.Taughtbymistakesandsetbacks,wehavebecomewiserandhandledouraffairsbetter?.(Wearetaughtbymistakesandsetbacks.)?
3.InspiredbytheInternational,theworkingpeopleofallcountrieshavebeenfightingfortheirfinalliberation.(Theworkingpeoplewereinspired/inspiretheworkingpeople.)?
4.Nomatterhowfrequently__________,theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.(CET-41995,6)
A.performing
B.performed
C.tobeperformed
D.beingperformed?
本句中貝多芬的作品被反復(fù)表演,可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用過去分詞,故答案為B。?
5.__________asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.(CET-41996,1)?
A.Beingpublished
B.Published
C.Publishing
D.Tobepublished
本句中as引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句,意思為:他的作品盡管在被這樣的時(shí)候出版,還是引起了關(guān)注,可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用過去分詞,故答案為B。?
T:Nowlet’scombinethesetwosentencesusingthepastparticipleastheadverbial.?
Iwasfrightenedbytheloudnoise.Iwenttoseewhatwashappening.?
S:Frightenedbytheloudnoise,Iwenttoseewhatwashappening.?
T:Hewashitbythelackoffreshair.Hegotabadheadache.?
S:Hitbythelackoffreshair,hegotabadheadache.?
T:Ifeltverytiredafterthelongjourney.Istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation.
S:Tiredafterthelongjourney,Istillenjoyedmeetingthealiensonthespacestation.?
T:Thelittlegirlwasfrightenedbythenoiseoutside.Thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom.
S:Frightenedbythenoiseoutside,thelittlegirldarednotsleepinherbedroom.?
T:Themuseumwasbuiltin1910.Themuseumisalmost100yearsold.?
S:Builtin1910,themuseumisalmost100yearsold.?
T:Thestudentwasgivensomeadvicebythefamousscientist.Thestudentwasnotworried?abouthisscientificexperimentanymore.?
S:Givensomeadvicebythefamousscientist,thestudentwasnotworriedabouthisscientific?experimentanymore.?
Step5Applying(output)?
T:Nowlet’sdosomeexercisestoapplypastparticiples.?
1.Once__________(recover),hethrewhimselfintohisworkandmadeeveryefforttodoitwell.
2.If__________(translate)wordbyword,thepassagewillbedifficulttounderstand.?
3.Afteranight__________(spend)inexcitementandsleeplessness,Iforcedmyselftotakealongwalkalongthebeachthenextday.?
4.Hewalkedupanddown,__________(lose)inthought.?
5.Susanseldomspeaksinclassuntil__________(speak)to.?
6.Withthewaterpipe__________(choke),therewasn’tanymorewaterforuse.?
7.Withoutanything__________(leave)inthekitchen,theWangsdecidedtoeatout.?
(Theteachershouldletthestudentsdoitfirstandthenchecktheanswers.)?
Suggestedanswers:
1~7:recovered,translated,spent,lost,spoken,choked,left?
Step6Consolidation
T:Inthisperiod,wemainlyfocusonthepastparticipleusedasadverbialsandattributes.Afterclass,wouldyoupleasewriteapassagecontainingpastparticiplesandpresentparticiples,whichshowsthatyouhaveknownhowtousepastparticiplesproperly?Besidesthat,youwillalsohavetofinishtheexercisesonPages57and58topractiseusingthepastparticiple.?
TheDesignoftheWritingontheBlackboard
Unit3Lifeinthefuture
Period5Grammar
PastparticiplesusedasadverbialsPastparticiplesusedasattributes.
1.Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.
2.Givenmoretime,theslowlearnerswouldhavedonebetter.
3.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.
4.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’companynamed“FutureTours”transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatimecapsule.1.Myfirstvisitwastoaspacestationconsideredthemostmoderninthispartofspace.
2.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents’companynamed“FutureTours”transportedmesafelyintothefutureinatomecapsule.
3.SoonIwasbackonmyfeetagainandfollowedhimtocollectahoveringcarriagedrivenbycomputer.
ResearchandActivities
SupposeyouareSherlockHolmes,thegreatdetective.Youaretellingusthestorylikethis:
OnedayIwassittingatmydesk,absorbedbywhatIwasreadingwhenthedoorbellrang.Ayoungladycamein,frightenedandpuzzled,whichcouldbereadinhereyes.IaskedherwhatIcoulddoforher.ThenshebegantotellmeanaliencreaturecalledFuture,...Pleasecontinuethestorywithyourimagination.Becauseitisfictional,whateveryoumakeupispossible.Youhadbettermakeyourdescriptionsoundreasonableandattractiveonconditionthattherearesomesentenceswithpastparticiplesusedasadverbialsandattributes.?
ReferenceforTeaching
Grammar
現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法?
現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞主要差別在于:現(xiàn)在分詞表示“主動和進(jìn)行”,過去分詞表示“被動和完成”(不及物動詞的過去分詞不表示被動,只表示完成)。分詞可以有自己的狀語、賓語或邏輯主語等。?
1)分詞作狀語分詞在句子中作狀語,可以表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、結(jié)果、讓步、伴隨等。分詞作狀語時(shí),它的邏輯主語與句子的主語一致。作狀語的分詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句。例如:
Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.?
Usingwhatyouknowofwordstemsandwordformations,youcanmakeaguessatthemeaningofanewword.?
Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,laughingandtalking.?
Accompaniedbyhisfriend,hewenttotherailwaystation.?
Givenbetterattention,theplantscouldgrowbetter.?
Helookedtiredanddepressed,visiblydisturbedbythenewsofhismother’sillness.?
分詞在句子中作狀語,使用何種分詞,要取決于分詞與句子主語的關(guān)系:主謂關(guān)系用現(xiàn)在分詞,動賓或被動關(guān)系用過去分詞。例如:?
1.__________theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedge.(CET-41996,6)
A.Havingbelieved
B.Believing
C.Believed
D.Beingbelieved?
本句意思為:相信地球是平的,許多人擔(dān)心哥倫布會從邊上掉下去。許多人與相信之間是主謂關(guān)系,及分詞與主語之間為主謂關(guān)系。因此,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞,答案為B。?
2.Nomatterhowfrequently__________,theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudiences.(CET-41995,6)
A.performing
B.performed?
C.tobeperformed
D.beingperformed?
本句中貝多芬的作品被反復(fù)表演,可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用過去分詞,故答案為B。?
3.__________asitwasatsuchatime,hisworkattractedmuchattention.(CET-41996,1)?
A.Beingpublished
B.Published
C.Publishing
D.Tobepublished?
本句中as引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句,意思為:他的作品盡管在被這樣的時(shí)候出版,還是引起了關(guān)注,可見分詞與句子的主語之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用過去分詞,故答案為B。
2)“while(when,once,until,if,though等連詞)+分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞作狀語時(shí),有時(shí)可以在分詞前加while,when,once,although,until,if等連詞。例如:?
Whenleavingtheairport,shewavedagainandagaintous.
Whilewaitingforthetrain,Ihadalongtalkwithmysisteraboutherwork.?
Oncerecovered,hethrewhimselfintohisworkandmadeeveryefforttodoitwell.?
Althoughworkingveryhard,hefailedtopassthefinalexam.?
3)分詞作定語分詞作定語時(shí),單個(gè)的分詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前,分詞短語一般置于所修飾的中心詞后面。現(xiàn)在分詞修飾的是發(fā)出該動作的名詞(即與名詞有主謂關(guān)系),過去分詞修飾承受該動作的名詞(即與名詞是動賓關(guān)系)。例如:
1.Wewillgoonwithourexperimentassoonaswegettheaddedfund.?
2.Thisisreallyanexhaustingdaytoallofus!?
3.Wecanseethepartofthemoonlightedbysunlight.?
4.Afteranightspentinexcitementandsleeplessness,Iforcedmyselftotakealongwalkalongthebeachthenextday.?
5.Moreandmoredevelopingcountriesestablishedstrategicpartnershipwithdevelopedcountries.
6.TheyoungsittingbetweenmysisterandmybrotherismycousinJack.?
7.Asearlyas1649Ohiomadeadecisionthatfree,tax-supportedschoolsmustbeestablished?ineverytown__________50householdsormore.(CET-41998,1)?
A.having
B.tohave
C.tohavehad
D.havinghad?
后面由分詞作定語,而且town本身有50或以上人家,故town與分詞間為主謂關(guān)系,應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞,答案為A。?
4)分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語現(xiàn)在分詞在see,watch,hear,observe,notice,feel,find,glimpse,glance等感官動詞和lookat,listento等短語動詞以及have,keep,get,catch,leave,set,start,send等使役動詞后面與名詞或代詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語,作賓語補(bǔ)語的成分。例如:
Onthetopofthehill,wecouldseesmokerisingfromthechimneysinthevillage.?
Thelittleboysatbesidetherailwaylineandwatchedthetrainsroaringby.?
Weshouldnotleavehimwonderingwhatheshoulddo.?
Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.?
Icaughthimdozingoffinclass.?
過去分詞可以在allow,ask,consider,desire,expect,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,like,make,observe,order,permit,prefer,remember,request,require,see,urge動詞等后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如:
Aftermyencounterwithher,Ifoundmyselfgreatlyshaken.Youshouldkeepherinformed?ofwhatisgoingonhere.?
Theteacherexpectedthestudentswellpreparedfortheexamination.?
在動詞see,hear,feel,watch,notice,perceive,observe,listento,lookat后既可用現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語,也可用不定式作補(bǔ)語。用現(xiàn)在分詞表示動作正在進(jìn)行,用不定式表示的動作的全過程已經(jīng)完成。例如:
IsawMr.Whitegetoffabus.?
IsawMr.Whitelookingintoashopwindow.?
—Doyouhearsomeoneknockingatthedoor??
—Yes,Idid.Iheardhimknockthreetimes.?
5)分詞作表語分詞作表語通??醋餍稳菰~來用?,F(xiàn)在分詞表示主語的性質(zhì),而且主語多為物;過去分詞表示主語的感受或狀態(tài),主語多為人。例如:
Thefilm“PearlHarbor”isreallyexciting.Iamexcitedaboutit.?
Hisresponsetothequestionwasquitedisappointing.Ifeltdisappointedathisresponse.
具副詞功能的過去分詞短語?
和現(xiàn)在分詞及短語一樣,過去分詞(pastparticiples)或過去分詞短語(pastparticipialphrases)也可以充當(dāng)副詞,修飾謂語動詞。?
過去分詞短語可以表達(dá)下列四種意思:
(一)方法或活動方式,如:?
Hewalkedupanddown,lostinthought.?
Isatbeforethedeskuntilaftermid-night,absorbedinwriting.?
Surroundedbyahostoffans,thefilmstarlefttheairportexcitedly.?
(二)原因,如:?
Greatlydisappointed,somestaffdecidedtoleavetheplace.?
Takenbysurprise,theenemysurrendered.?
(三)時(shí)間,如:?
Bornandbredinaturbulentage,theoldergenerationofpeopleexperiencedallsortsofhardships.
Throwntothefloor,theboyregainedhisfootingafewminuteslater.?
(四)條件,如:?
Givenmoretime,theslowlearnerswouldhavedonebetter.?
Criticizedbysomeoneelse,Tonywouldnothaveflareduplikethat.?
除了直接修飾動詞之外,過去分詞或短語也可以和連詞合組成短語,表示下列四種意思:
⒈由when,whenever,while,until等連詞引導(dǎo),表示“時(shí)間”,如:?
Whenaskedabouthispreviousjob,Billsaidhehadbeenamotormechanic.?
Susanseldomspeaksinclassuntilspokento.?
⒉由where,wherever連詞引導(dǎo),表示“地點(diǎn)”,如:
Mosquitoesshouldbecompletelyexterminatedwherefound.?
Retireesingoodhealthshouldbeinvitedtoreturntoworkwhereverneeded.?
⒊由if,unless引導(dǎo),表示“條件”,如:
Ifkeptfortoolong,somemedicineswilllosetheireffectiveness.?
Wehavemadeapointofnotattackingunlessattacked.?
⒋由though,although,eventhough連詞引導(dǎo),表示“讓步”,如:?
Thoughwarnedofthedanger,theystillwentmountaineering.
Eventhoughdefeatedforasecondtime,ourteamdidnotgiveuphopefortheultimatevictory.?
此外,過去分詞短語還可以和介詞“with”或“without”連用,具副詞作用。如:?
Withthewaterpipechoked,therewasn’tanymorewaterforuse.?
Withoutanythingleftinthekitchen,theWangsdecidedtoeatout.?
最后,過去分詞短語,在適當(dāng)情況下,可以有自己的主語而變成獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)(theabsoluteconstruction),如:?
Theoldmanlistened,hisheadinclinedtooneside.?