小學英語復習課教案

2018中考英語二輪復習第8講完形填空專題。

做好教案課件是老師上好課的前提，大家應該在準備教案課件了。教案課件工作計劃寫好了之后，才能更好的在接下來的工作輕裝上陣！哪些范文是適合教案課件？下面是小編精心收集整理，為您帶來的《2018中考英語二輪復習第8講完形填空專題》，歡迎您閱讀和收藏，并分享給身邊的朋友！

完形填空

一、命題特點

題型上來看：越來越降低了對單詞本身詞義及語法的考查，而注重上下文聯(lián)系，主要考查學生運用英語基礎知識的能力、上下文對照并捕捉關鍵詞的能力、分析行文邏輯及文章的整體理解能力、結合語境分析推理的能力等。

體裁上來看：中考完形填空的體裁主要以記敘文為主，以敘為主，敘議結合，題材新穎。

二、做題步驟

第一步：___________，___________。完形填空題是一篇意思完整的短文，準確理解短文是解答此類題的關鍵。在做此題時，要跳過空格，將全文快速瀏覽一遍，特別要留意文章首尾句和每段首尾句。（對文章內容有一個大概的了解，在閱讀時，不需要看到全部的信息，根據(jù)部分信息就可以了解大意。千萬不要讀一句填一句，因為“完形填空”題里所給的大多數(shù)選項填入單句后在語法上都成立，但從全文看卻并非正確答案。）

第二步：___________，___________。了解文章大意后便要開始填入所缺部分。在選擇答案時，一定要考慮到上下文的邏輯關系，前后對照，從上下文中找出關鍵性啟示。同時兼顧句子的結構，習慣用法，固定搭配和詞類的功能，先選出比較容易的答案，遇到較難的題，可以跳過本題，繼續(xù)做后面的題，完形填空題文章前后、上下多有暗示和線索提示（文章為了使語篇相互銜接及文章的連貫，有些詞會以原詞或同義、近義詞等形式重復出現(xiàn)在文章中）。

第三步：___________，___________。初讀初選后，還有一些題目沒有思路，此時就要逐句細讀，逐題分析選項、對上一步驟未確定的個別試題多方推敲，把握全局思維，注意前后邏輯（選連詞的空格前后兩句可形成指代、列舉、因果、對比、讓步、補充、遞進等邏輯關系）。

第四步：___________，___________。初定選項后，很重要的一步就是要將整篇文章再復讀一遍。對答案進行核實調整，清除疏漏。再次迅速復讀，對短文的理解會更為深刻，更容易判斷有疑點或誤解的地方（這時要注意時態(tài)語態(tài)、主謂一致、固定搭配等）。

五讀法：

1.細讀首句，預測主題；

2.跳讀全文，領會大意；

3.通讀全文，試選答案；

4.細讀全文，推敲難題；

5.復讀全文，調整答案。

精簡步驟：

1._______。跳開選項了解信息，初步掌握文章大意。(1min)

2._______。仔細閱讀全文，抓住短文的每段、每句作者的思想。(5min)

3._______。再次閱讀文章，檢查答案，是否符合文章邏輯推理。(2min)

三、真題演練

A

Thegreatestfeelingintheworldcomesnotfromreceivingpresents,orevengettinganAonthemathtestyoustudiedsohardfor.Rather,it1________whenyouhandacupofhotcoffeetothatoldermansittingonthesideofthestreetaskingformoney.Youfeelitwhenyoudriveanhourandahalftoa2________tomeetchildrenwithcancer.Andyoufeelitwhenyousitdownwithyourfriendtocomforther3________hermotherdied.Helpingotherscanbethegreatestfeelingintheworld,andI4________thisjustoneyearago.

MyfriendaskedmetoattendaYouthGroupmeetingathischurch.Afteranhouroflisteningtothem5________theiropinions,Iwasinvitedtogowiththemtohelp6________thehomeless.

EarlythatSaturdaymorning,ateamof15teenagersbeganmakingsandwichesandcountingbagsofcandy.ForthefirsttimeinmylifeIrealizedthatwe,theteensofAmerica,canmakea7________.Sinceitwasmyfirsttime,andIwasn’tpartofthegroup,Ifeltalittleoutofplace.Butwatchingtheothers8________thefooddrovemynervousnessaway.

Beforelong,all150baggedlunchesweregoneandthegroupwas9________itswayhome.Irealizedthatnotonlyismyfriendanamazingperson,butthatallofthosepeopleareamazing.That’swhatmademejointheYouthGroup.

Iworkatacoffeeshopbutdon’tmakemuch.It’snotthebestjob,buttherearetimeswhenit’sworthit.Forexample,afewweeksago,whenthestorewas10________andIwasbored,lookingoutofthewindow,Inoticedanoldmansittingoutside.Hehadbeentherebefore.Asamatteroffact,he11________cameintobuyanythingbecausehedidn’thaveanymoney.Itookupacupofcoffee,walkedoutside,andhandedittohim.Thesmileonhisfacemademyday,andasIwalkedbackintothestore,Iputmyownmoneyintothedrawer.ThenIknewhowthemembersoftheYouthGroupfeeleverytimetheyhelpsomeone.Knowingthatyoucanhelpis12________–thegreatestfeelingintheworld.

1.A.startsB.stopsC.lastsD.fails

2.A.shopB.churchC.countryD.hospital

3.A.afterB.untilC.thoughD.before

4.A.expectedB.discoveredC.touchedD.offered

5.A.writeB.experienceC.voiceD.discuss

6.A.teachB.encourageC.moveD.feed

7.A.decisionB.successC.dreamD.difference

8.A.takeoutB.pickoutC.handoutD.pointout

9.A.inB.onC.throughD.by

10.A.emptyB.freeC.busyD.crowded

11.A.evenB.usuallyC.neverD.often

12.A.helpfulB.wonderfulC.hopefulD.useful

B

Itwasacoldafternooninwinter.Myoldestson,Stephen,wasatschool,andReed,myhusband,atwork.My1________littleonesweresittingaroundthekitchentable.Tomwasperfectingapaperplane,whileSamwas2________onanoilpainting.

ButLaura,ouronlydaughter,satquietlyandwas3________inherproject.Everyonceinawhileshewouldaskhowto4________thenameofsomeoneinourfamily,thencarefullyformthelettersonebyone.Next,shewouldaddflowerswithsmallitems.Shefinishedoffeachwithasunintheupperrighthandcorner.Holdingthemateyelevel,sheletoutalongsigh(嘆息)of5________.

“Whatareyoudoing,Honey?”Iasked.Shelookedquicklyatherbrotherbeforelookingbackatme.“It’sa6________.”shesaid,coveringupherworkwithherhands.

Next,sheputherworkintoabox.Whenshehadfinished,shedisappearedupthestairs.

Itwasn’tuntillaterthateveningthatI7________a“mailbox”tapedontothedoorstoeachofourbedrooms.Therewerelittlenotessayingthatshelovedallofus.Shehadn’t8________SamorbabyPaul.Theyarepagesofcoloredscenesincludingflowerswithhappyfaces.“Hecan’treadyet,”shewhispered(低聲說),“9________hecanlookatthepictures.”EachtimeIreceivedoneofmylittlegirl’sgifts,it10________myheart.Iwastouchedathowcarefullyshepaidattentiontowhatwronghappenedtous.WhenStephenlostabaseballgame,therewasalettertellinghimshethoughthewasthebestballplayerinthewholeworld.AfterIhada11________day,therewasamessagethankingmeformyefforts.

Thissamelittlegirlisgrownnow,drivingoffeverydaytothestatecollege,butsomethingsaboutherhave12________changed.YesterdayIfoundalovenotenexttomybedside.“Thanksforalwaysbeingthereforme,Mom,”itread,“I’mgladthatwe’rethebestfriends.”

Thereareangelsamongus.IknowIlivewithone.

1.A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five

2.A.workingB.gettingC.holdingD.putting

3.A.absentB.lostC.boredD.upset

4.A.completeB.affordC.spellD.check

5.A.satisfactionB.carefulnessC.tirednessD.regret

6.A.goalB.dreamC.wishD.surprise

7.A.realizedB.noticedC.knewD.predicted

8.A.caredB.rememberedC.followedD.forgotten

9.A.butB.andC.becauseD.so

10.A.deepenedB.frozeC.brokeD.brightened

11.A.boringB.differentC.hardD.crazy

12.A.neverB.alreadyC.everD.Even

C

TakingaNapduringtheDay

MedicalexpertssaymostAmericansdonotgetenoughsleep.TheysaymoreAmericansneedtorestforashortperiodinthemiddleoftheday,1________continuingwithotheractivities.

Onestudyearlierthisyearfoundthatpersonswho2________forafewminutesduringthedaywerelesslikelytodieofheartdisease.Thestudy3________morethan2,300Greekadultsforaboutsixyears.Adultswhorestedforhalfanhouratleastthreetimesaweekhada37percent4________riskofdyingfromheartdiseasethanthosewhodidnotnap.

Thestudyorganizerssaidthestrongestevidencewasinworkingmen.Theysaidnapsmightimprove5_______bymitigating(減低)tensioncausedbywork.

SomeEuropeanandLatinAmericanbusinesseshavesupportedthe6________ofnappingformanyyears.Theyurgepeopleto7________work,gohomeandhaveanapbeforereturning.IntheUnitedStates,somecompaniesletworkersrestbrieflyintheiroffices.Theybelievethisreduces8________andaccidents,and9________increasestheamountofworkapersoncando.

Sleepexpertssayitislikelythatpeoplemakemoremistakesatworkthanatothertimes.Theysaypeopleshouldnot10________importantdutieswhentheyfeelsleepy.Andtheysaythebestthingtodoistotakeanap.Abouttwentyminutesofrestisallyouneed.Expertssaythisprovidesextraenergyandcanincreaseyoureffectiveness11________theendoftheday.Butexperts12________thatanapshouldlastnomorethantwentytothirtyminutes.Alongernapwillputthebodyintodeepsleepandwakingupwillbedifficult.

1.A.asB.whenC.beforeD.after

2.A.laughB.sleepC.walkD.move

3.A.knewB.learnedC.studiedD.followed

4.A.lessB.moreC.lowerD.higher

5.A.lifeB.healthC.thinkingD.ability

6.A.wayB.ideaC.suggestionD.experiment

7.A.leaveB.repeatC.changeD.improve

8.A.workB.timeC.energyD.mistakes

9.A.tooB.alsoC.neverD.seldom

10.A.makeB.bringC.carryoutD.create

11.A.untilB.whileC.unlessD.during

12.A.sayB.thinkC.guessD.warn

D

Assixthgraders,kidswereseparatingintogroups,butIwasn’tsurewhereIbelonged.

Ourteachergaveusataskcalled“secretfriends”forthecomingweek.Weweresupposedtodonicethings1_______ourfriendswithoutlettingthemknowwhowasdoingit.Wecouldleaveencouragingnotesorcardseitherontheirdesksorintheirbags.Beforedoingthetask,withoureyesclosed,fromabasket,we2________anameofaclassmatewhoweweretosecretlybefriendoverthenextfivedays.

Soon,thetaskwasturnedintoacompetitionofgiving3________insteadofnotes.Everyonewasgettingcoolpresentsexceptme.Myfriendexactly4________whattheteacherhadtoldus.SoIreceivednothingbuthand-madecardswithnicewordsaboutme.

Onthelastmorning,Ifinallygotapackage.WhenI5________it,thegirlsaroundall6________.Itwasan“oldlady”gift.Myfacewentred.

Itriedtoforgetabouttheshaminggift,butwhenthesamegirls7________itagainduringthebreakinthebathroom,Ijoinedin,“Howstupid!Mygrandmotherwouldn’t8________wantit.”Thegirlslaughedatmywordsandwentoutofthebathroom.Washingmyhands,Iletthewaterrunthroughmyfingers9________Ithoughtaboutmywords.Itwasn’t10________likemetosaythingslikethat.”

“I’myoursecretfriend.”ItwasRochelle.“I’msorryaboutthegift,”shesaidtome,tearsrunningdownherface.

Fromapoorfamily,shewasatarget(目標)atschoolforthosewithrichparents.Yetshejusttookalltheterribletreatmentsilently.

Iwassicktomystomachasmy11________wordsranthroughmymind.Shehadheardeverything.HowcouldIhavebeensounkind?

LaterIlearnedshehadfeltbadallweekaboutnotbeingabletoleavemeanycoolpresentandhermumhadgivenupheronlyluxury(奢侈品).AndIhaddestroyedeverythingforher.

ItoldherthatIhadonlysaidthosethingstotrytofitin.

“Wearen’tthatdifferentfromeachother,arewe?”Shesmiledunderstandingly.Hersimple12________,spokenfromherheart,foundtheirwaystraightintomine.

1.A.forB.behindC.throughD.like

2.A.drewB.changedC.foundD.picked

3.A.chancesB.helpC.hopeD.gifts

4.A.learnedB.copiedC.followedD.understood

5.A.discoveredB.openedC.caughtD.held

6.A.cheeredB.shoutedC.laughedD.clapped

7.A.mentionedB.sawC.showedD.suggested

8.A.justB.everC.evenD.only

9.A.ifB.asC.sinceD.because

10.A.exactlyB.perfectlyC.normallyD.necessarily

11.A.powerfulB.hurtfulC.usefulD.helpful

12.A.cardsB.actionsC.choicesD.words

瀏覽全文了解大意

瞻前顧后初選答案

逐句細讀逐題分析

復讀全文再次斟酌

速讀

精讀

復讀

A1-5：ADABC6-10：DDCBA11-12：CB

B1-5：BABCA6-10：DBDAD11-12：CA

C1-5：CBDCB6-10：BADBC11-12：AD

D1-5：AADCB6-10：CACBC11-12：BD

相關推薦

2018中考英語二輪復習第12講書面表達專題

每個老師上課需要準備的東西是教案課件，到寫教案課件的時候了。需要我們認真規(guī)劃教案課件工作計劃，可以更好完成工作任務！你們知道多少范文適合教案課件？下面是小編為大家整理的“2018中考英語二輪復習第12講書面表達專題”，僅供您在工作和學習中參考。

書面表達

中考書面表達題命題特點：

中考書面表達題，大體分為記敘文和應用文。記敘文以記事為主，敘事要力求充分、具體、詳實。?？嫉膽梦闹饕袝拧⑷沼?、通知、調查報告等。

中考書面表達題旨在通過書面表達測試學生作簡單書面表達的能力，聯(lián)想能力，靈活運用所學的英語知識的能力及初步運用英語表達思想的能力。

近六年，河南中考英語書面表達題以寫人記事類為主，偶有考察話題作文（2012年）。

年份

分類201620152014201320122011

文體記敘文記敘文記敘文記敘文話題作文記敘文

詞數(shù)80詞左右80詞左右80詞左右80詞左右80詞左右80詞左右

話題ThebiggestpersonalchangeI’veevermadeIwanttohave_____Myspecial_____Whatmakesmeagoodfriend?了解歷史的方式：1、看歷史劇

2、讀史書LiuWei,anarmlesspianoplayer,hasaveryspecialexperience.

書面表達寫作步驟：

一、審

審題材、體裁

二、理

理要點

理結構

三、定

定人稱

定順序

定時態(tài)

四、查

查單詞拼寫

查主謂一致

查固定搭配

查句型句式

忌：漢語式思維

關鍵：理結構（列提綱）

首段——開門見山，落筆點題

↓

中間段——根據(jù)要點要求，按一定的線索逐次展開

↓

尾段——回應主題，首尾呼應，畫龍點睛

滿分作文的標準：

要點全

（——不能丟落要點）

要發(fā)揮

（——不能限于回答問題或逐句翻譯）

句式豐

（——表達不能過于單一）

結構清

（——表達有層次，會用關聯(lián)詞，注意首尾上下呼應）

書寫美

（——字跡工整）

無錯誤

（——杜絕任何小錯）

過渡詞：

1.并列關系的過渡詞：

and,aswellas,notonly...butalso…,neither...nor...,both...and…

2.轉折關系的過渡詞：

but,yet,however,onthecontrary,although+clause,despite/inspiteof+n./doing…

3.時間關系的過渡詞：

first,second,third,next,andthen,finally,intheend,after,before,afterafewdays,alast…

4.空間關系的過渡詞：

near(to),far(from),inthefrontof,beside,behind,beyond,above,below,totheright…

5.比較關系的過渡詞：

inthesameway,justlike,justas…

6.對照關系的過渡詞：

but,still,yet,however,ontheotherhand,inspiteof…

7.遞進關系的過渡詞：

also,and,then,too,inaddition,what’smore,what’sworse,especially,besides,moreover,furthermore,notonly…butalso…,atthesametime…

8.因果關系的過渡詞：

because,since,then,so,therefore…

9.解釋說明的過渡詞：

forexample,infact,inthiscase,for,actually...

10.強調的過渡詞：

infact,indeed,necessarily,certainly,withoutanydoubt,truly,mostimportant…

11.目的的過渡詞：

forthisreason,forthispurpose…

12.列舉的過渡詞：

forexample,suchas…

13.總結性的過渡詞：

inconclusion,finally…

一、書面表達四步法

請以“My______”為題寫一篇英語短文，描述一個你熟悉的人。

要求：

1.先將題目補充完整；

2.從外貌、興趣、愛好、日?；顒?、職業(yè)等方面進行描述；

3.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名；

4.不少于70詞。

My___________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

一、審

審題材、體裁

半命題作文；寫你熟悉的人；

外貌、興趣、愛好、日?；顒印⒙殬I(yè)等；

禁止真實校名、人名；詞數(shù)要求

二、理

理_______外貌、興趣、愛好、日?；顒?、職業(yè)等

理_______

總Myfatherisstrictwithmeinmystudy,butIlovehim.

分(1)Englishteacher;tall;thin;strict;kind

(2)onworkdays;work;frommorningtonight;run;inthemorning

(3)onweekends;free;Saturdaymorning;takemeout;haveawalk;Saturdayafternoon;help;homework;Sundayafternoon;gofishingwithhisfriends

總Thisismyfather.Ilovehim.

三、定

定________第三人稱：myfather/he

定________部分地方考慮時間先后順序

定________一般現(xiàn)在時

四、查

查_____________

查_____________

查_____________

查_____________

忌：_____________

例文賞析（一）

MyFather

Myfatherisstrictwithmeinmystudy,butIlovehim.

HeisanEnglishteacherinRedStarMiddleSchool.Heistallandthinwithshortblackhair.Heisstrictbutkind.

Onworkdays,heisverybusyworkingfrommorningtonight.Helikesgettingupearlyandrunninginthemorning.

Onweekends,heisusuallyfree.SoonSaturdaymorning,he’dliketotakemeoutandhaveawalk.OnSaturdayafternoon,heoftenhelpsmewithmyhomework.SometimesonSundayafternoon,hegoesfishingwithhisgoodfriends.

Thisismyfather.Ilovehim.

例文賞析（二）

MyFather

Myfatherisadoctorwhoworksreallyhard.

Hehasdevotedhimselftohiscareerforhegetsupveryearlyandgetsbackhomelate.Whathethinksaboutalldaylongisthepatientsandhowhecanreleasethepainsofhispatients.Andhewilldowhateverhecantohelphispatients.

Inhisfreetime,helikesreadingbooksandoftentakesnotesonimportantpoints.What’smore,hepublishedabook.Besidesreading,helikeslisteningtomusictogetrelaxed.

Thatismyfather.IlovehimandI’mproudofhim.

二、寫作訓練營

A

你身邊的每個人對你來說都具有特殊的意義。請以“Myspecial________”為題用英語寫一篇短文，描述你家庭的某個成員或你的朋友、老師、同學等。

要求：

1.在題目空格處填入你要描述的對象，如grandma,teacher或friend等；

2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校名稱；

3.80詞左右。

Myspecial________

____________________________________________________________________________

一、審：審題

____________________________________________________________________________

二、理

理要點_________________________________________________________________________

理結構____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

三、定

定人稱___________________________________________________________________

定順序___________________________________________________________________

定時態(tài)___________________________________________________________________

四、查

查單詞拼寫

查主謂一致

查固定搭配

查句型句式

忌：漢語式思維

B

假如你叫李華，你打算中考結束后和同學們結伴出游，但遭到了父母的反對。請結合此事，談談如何對待父母及如何解決日常生活中與他們意見不一致的問題。

要求：

1.邏輯清晰，語言通順，觀點不限，自由發(fā)揮，無需標題。

2.文中不能以任何方式出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名和縣（市）區(qū)名及其它相關信息。

3.詞數(shù)：80-100。

參考詞匯：中考theHighSchoolEntranceExamination

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

一、審：審題

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

二、理

理要點_________________________________________________________________________

理結構____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

三、定

定人稱___________________________________________________________________

定順序___________________________________________________________________

定時態(tài)___________________________________________________________________

四、查

查單詞拼寫

查主謂一致

查固定搭配

查句型句式

忌：漢語式思維

C

假如你叫李華，你的美國筆友Tom上周剛過完生日。他想知道你經常和誰一起過生日，怎么過的，你收到的最喜歡的禮物是什么，以及你喜歡它的原因。請你根據(jù)他的問題回復郵件。

提示詞語：cake,noodles,singsongs,makeawish,getpresents

Whodoyouoftencelebrateyourbirthdaywith?Yourparents?Yourfriends?Or…?

Whatdoyouusuallydoonyourbirthday?

Whatisyourfavoritepresent?Whydoyoulikeit?

根據(jù)中文和英文提示，寫一封意思連貫、符合邏輯、不少于50詞的回信。信的開頭和結尾已給出，其詞數(shù)不計入所要完成的回信內。所給英文提示詞語僅供選用。請不要寫出你的校名和姓名。

ToTom

FromLiHua

SubjectBirthday

Hi!Tom,

I’mgladthatyouhadanicebirthdaypartylastweek._____________________________

________________________________________________________________________

Yours.

LiHua

一、審：審題

____________________________________________________________________________

二、理

理要點_________________________________________________________________________

理結構____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

三、定

定人稱__________________________________________________________________

定順序__________________________________________________________________

定時態(tài)__________________________________________________________________

四、查

查單詞拼寫、查主謂一致、查固定搭配、查句型句式、忌：漢語式思維

D

學習方法、自我反思、合作交流、同伴互評是學習過程中幾個重要的方面。其中，有效的學習方法能使你的學習境界大開，讓學習成為一種享受。

在你初中三年的學習過程中，你一定會有一些好的學習方法與你的同伴分享，請按以下要求寫一篇短文，內容須包含以下要點：

yourgoodlearningmethod(s)

anexperiencethatyouhelpedyourpartners

yourthoughtsandfeelings

要求：

1.詞數(shù)100詞左右，提示詞僅供參考；

2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名。

____________________________________________________________________________

一、審：審題

____________________________________________________________________________

二、理

理要點________________________________________________________________________

理結構____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

三、定

定人稱___________________________________________________________________

定順序___________________________________________________________________

定時態(tài)___________________________________________________________________

四、查

查單詞拼寫

查主謂一致

查固定搭配

查句型句式

忌：漢語式思維

____________________________________________________________________________

四、查

查單詞拼寫

查主謂一致

查固定搭配

查句型句式

忌：漢語式思維

要點

結構

人稱

順序

時態(tài)

單詞拼寫

主謂一致

固定搭配

句型句式

漢語式思維

寫作訓練營

A

Myspecialfriend

MybestfriendandIgetalongwitheachotherquitewell.Butwearesodifferent.Heisfunnier,moreoutgoingthanmeandI’mmoreserious.HeismoreathleticandlikestoplayallkindsofsportsbutIamsmarteronstudy.MyfriendiswilderthanmeandIamcalmer.Heistall,thin,strong,withshorthair,andsometimesheisverycarelessandlazy.Ontheotherhands,Iamshort,fatandweak,withshorthair.HeisveryhelpfulbecauseIamverylazyanddon’twanttodoanysports.AndIwillhelphimwithhisstudy.

Thisismyspecialfriend.Ilovehim.

B

LasttimeItoldmyparentsaboutmysummertravelplanandtheysimplysaid“No”.Iwasreallyupsetatfirst.ButlaterIrealizedthattheywerejustworriedaboutmysafety.SoItalkedtothemlaterandmadeitclearthatIwouldbesafetogetherwithmyclassmates.Intheend,notonlydidtheyagreetomyplanbutalsohelpedmeprepareforthetrip.Sowhenourparentsdisagreewithwhatwedo,weshouldexplaintothemwhatwethinkandaskthemforadvice.

Howniceweandourparentscanunderstandeachother!

C

Hi!Tom,

I’mgladthatyouhadanicebirthdaypartylastweek.

Ioftencelebratemybirthdaywithmyparentsandfriends.Weusuallyspenditatmyplacewithabigbirthdaycake,somedeliciousnoodles,softdrinksandmanyfungames.Afterwesingsongstogether,Iusuallymakeawish.Ialsogetpresentsonthisbigdayandmyfavoritegiftsarevideogames.Ijustlovetohavefriendsoverplayingtogether.

Yours,

LiHua

D

Discussinginagroupreallyhelpsmealot.Itbroadensmymindandallowsmemorechancestoexpressmythoughts.

Shyandnervous,myclassmateJeffusedtohidehimselfbehindbooks.Answeringquestionsinpublicwasquiteadifficultjobforhim.Onceourmathteacheraskedustosolveadifficultproblem.IencouragedJefftodiscusshisideawithusandwefoundhiswaywassocreative.Believeitornot,hecouldsharehisideaswithfriendsinpublicnow.

Discussinginagroupnotonlymakesmeenjoythehappinessoflearningbutalsodeepensthefriendship.

中考英語語法+題型專題附錄材料

附錄1：中考英語八大時態(tài)

一、一般現(xiàn)在時

(一)構成：

一般現(xiàn)在時主要用動詞的原形表示，如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，則在動詞原形后加-s或-es。

Tomoftenhelpshisparentsdohouseworkathome.

SometimesLucywashesherclothesherself.

(二)用法：

1.表示經常性或習慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與usually,sometimes,onceaweek,everyday等表示頻率的副詞和短語連用。

Ioftentakeabustoschool.

2.表示客觀事實或普遍真理。

Theearthisround.

Lighttravelsfasterthansound.

3.在時間、條件等狀語從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。

WhenIgrowup,IwillgotoAmerica.

Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.

4.在某些以here，there開頭的句子中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示正在發(fā)生的動作。

Theregoesthebell.

(三)時間狀語：

1.表示頻率的副詞usually，sometimes等

2.everyday,everyyear等時間狀語。

二、一般過去時

(一)構成：一般過去時用動詞的過去式表示

LastweekTommadeamodelplanewithhisfriendJack.

Myfatherstudiedatthisschooltwentyyearsago.

(二)用法：

1.表示過去某時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)

Igotupatsixthismorning.

WevisitedafarmlastSunday.

2.表示過去的習慣或經常發(fā)生的動作

WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftenswimintheriver.

(三)時間狀語

和一般過去時連用的時間狀語有：lastnight,yesterday,lastweek,someyearsago,in1990,inthepast,theotherday,justnow等。

三、一般將來時

(一)用法：

1.表示將來發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，其結構是will+動詞原形。常與表示將來的時間狀語連用，如tomorrow,nextweek,inafewdays,nextSaturday,in+時間段等。

TheywillleaveforBeijingnextweek.

Willyoubebackintwodays?

當主語是I或we時，疑問句中一般使用shall，表示征求對方意見。

Whereshallwemeettomorrow?

2.begoingto+動詞原形，表示計劃、打算做某事，表示已決定并且很有可能發(fā)生的事。

HeisgoingtospeakonTVthisevening.

3.be+現(xiàn)在分詞，表示將來。常用這種結構的動詞有：go,come,leave,arrive,start,begin等，表示即將發(fā)生或安排好要做的事情。

WeareleavingforShanghai.

Thebusiscoming.

4.beto+動詞原形結構表示即將發(fā)生的動作。

5.用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的情況：

1)表示按規(guī)定或時間表預計將發(fā)生的動作。

We’releavingforKunming.Ourplantakesoffat8:30.

2)當主句為一般將來時，在if,assoonas,until,when等引導的狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。

Ifitdoesn’trainthisafternoon,we’llhaveabasketballmatch.

(二)注意：下面有幾種情況下只可用will/shall表示將來，不可以用begoingto結構。

1.表示有禮貌的詢問對方是否愿意或者表示客氣的邀請或命令時。

Willyoupleaselendmeyourbike?

2.表示帶有意愿色彩的時候。

Wewillhelphimifheasksus.

3.表示單純性的將來，與人的主觀愿望和判斷無關時。

Thesunwillriseat6:00tomorrowmorning.

四、現(xiàn)在進行時

(一)構成：肯定式am/is/are+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞

否定式am/is/are+not+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞

疑問式am/is/are+主語+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞？

肯定回答Yes,主語+am/is/are.

否定回答No,主語+am/is/are+not.

(二)用法：

1.表示此時此刻正在進行的動作。

—Whatareyoudoing?

—Iamwashingmycar.

2.表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。

Thestudentsareworkingonthefarmthesedays.

(三)時間狀語：

時間狀語為now,thesedays等或當句子中含有l(wèi)ook,listen,canyousee,can’tyousee之類的暗示詞時，要使用現(xiàn)在進行時。

(四)注意：下列動詞一般不用于現(xiàn)在進行時中

1.感官動詞：如see,hear等

2.表示喜歡或厭惡的動詞，如like,like,hate等

3.表示希望的動詞，如want,wouldlike等

4.表示狀態(tài)的動詞，如be等

5.表示歸屬的動詞，如have等

6.表示思維、知識或理解能力的動詞，如know,think,forget等

五、現(xiàn)在完成時

(一)構成：主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞

(二)用法：

1.表示過去發(fā)生的或已經完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果。

—Haveyoufinishedyouhomework?

—Yes,Ihavejustfinishedit.

Ihavelostmykey.

—Haveyoufoundyourlostkeyyet?

—No,Ihaven’tfoundityet.

注意：already,yet常和現(xiàn)在完成時連用。already用于肯定句中，可放在助動詞之后、過去分詞之前，也可以放在句末；yet用在疑問句中意為“已經”，用在否定句中表示“還”，常放在句末。

2.表示動作或狀態(tài)在過去已經開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也許還要持續(xù)下去，常和for+時間段，since+時間點連用，表示持續(xù)的動作或狀態(tài)，多用延續(xù)性動詞。

Mr.ZhanghastaughtEnglishfor20years.

(三)幾個副詞在現(xiàn)在完成時中的用法

1.just：剛剛。表示動作剛剛結束，常放在助動詞與過去分詞之間。

HehasjustcomebackfromAmerica.

2.ever：曾經。用于疑問句或否定句中，放在助動詞和過去分詞之間。

HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?

3.never：從來沒有。常與before連用，多放在助動詞與過去分詞之間。

Ihavenevertravelledbyplanebefore.

4.before：以前。指過去不確定的某個時間，總是放在句末，不受句型限制。

Ihaveneverheardofthissingerbefore.

(四)延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞的用法

1.現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作從過去某個時候開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而與一段時間連用時應注意居中的謂語動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞，而非延續(xù)性動詞不可以和一段時間連用。

Ihaveleftmyhometownfor10years.(×)

Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownfor10years.(√)

Ihaveboughtthisbookfortwodays.(×)

Ihavehadthisbookfortwodays.(√)

2.在否定句中，非延續(xù)性動詞可以與一段時間連用。

Ihaven’tgonetoseehimforseveralmonths.

3.在肯定句中非延續(xù)性動詞與表時間段的狀語連用時可采用下述三種方法：

1)將非延續(xù)性動詞轉化為延續(xù)性動詞

buy→haveborrow→keepopen→beopenclose→beclosed

begin/start→beoncome→beherego→betherefinish→beover

die→bedeadputon→weargetup→beupwakeup→beawake

fallasleep→beasleeplose→nothavejoin→beinleave→beaway

arrive/reach→becatchacold→haveacold

2)將時間狀語改為過去時間，且用一般過去時代替現(xiàn)在完成時

3)用句型“Itis+時間段+since從句（從句的位謂語動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞的過去式）”表示。

六、過去進行時

(一)用法：

1.表示過去某一時刻或一段時間正在進行的動作。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如then,atthattime,thistimeyesterday,attenyesterday等，或用另一動作來表示過去的時間。

Whatwereyoudoingatthreeyesterdayafternoon?

Iwasplayingbasketballatthattime.

Iwasreadingwhenmymothercamein.

2.過去進行時常和always等品讀副詞連用，表示過去頻繁發(fā)生的習慣性動作，此時的過去進行時帶有一定的感情色彩。

Jackwasalwayschanginghismind.

(二)注意：

含有when或while引導的時間狀語從句的主從復合句中過去進行時的運用

1.主句中的動作先于從句中的動作發(fā)生，且進行的時間較長時，主句用過去進行時（從句用一般過去時）；

2.從句中的動作先于主句中的動作發(fā)生，且進行的時間較長時，從句用過去進行時（主句用一般過去時）；

3.若主、從句動作開始時間不存在先后關系（即同時發(fā)生）或無所謂先后時，主、從句可同時使用過去進行時，此時的時間狀語從句一般由while來引出。

4.注意：在上述情況下，若動詞為表示狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動詞時，一般都應用一般過去時，而不用過去進行時。

Luckily,whenIwenttoseehim,hewasathome.

七、過去完成時

(一)結構與用法：

過去完成時指的是過去某個時間已經完成的動作或狀態(tài)，概括地說即表示“過去的過去”。過去完成時的謂語動詞形式為“had+動詞的過去分詞”。過去完成時在句中使用時一般有一個或暗含額發(fā)生在過去的動作與其比較，使用過去完成時的動詞動作在該過去的動作之前。

(二)時間狀語：bylastweek,bytheendoflastyear

ShehadbeenawaybythetimeIarrived.

八、過去將來時

(一)用法：

1.表示從過去某一時間看將來發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用在賓語從句中，謂語由“would+動詞原形”構成。

Heaskedwhenthemeetingwouldstart.

2.go,come,leave,arrive,start等動詞，其過去進行時表示過去按計劃即將發(fā)生的動作。

HewasgoingtostartanewjobwhenIsawhimthen.

附錄2：主謂一致

一、語法一致原則

主語和謂語通常是從語法形式上取得一致，即主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞也采取單數(shù)形式；主語是復數(shù)形式，謂語動詞也采取復數(shù)形式。

1.當and或both…and…連接兩個或多個表示不同概念的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用_____形式。

BothLucyandLily_______(be)students.

2.不定代詞either,neither,eachone,theother,another,anybody,anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等作主語時，謂語動詞用________形式。

Everyone_______(be)readyforthesportsmeeting.

3.由each…,every…,each…andeach…,every…andevery…作主語時，謂語動詞用_______形式。

Eachboyandeachgirl________(have)beengivenanewbook.

4.主語后有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,nolessthan,ratherthan,including,besides,like,except,but等短語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)由__________決定。

AllexceptTom_______(have)passedthedrivingtest.

5.“anumberof+名詞復數(shù)”作主語時，謂語動詞用______形式；“thenumberof+名詞復數(shù)”作主語時，謂語動詞用_______形式。

Anumberoftrees________(be)cutdown.

Thenumberofmistakesinhiscomposition________(have)dropped.

6.“alotof(lotsof,plentyof,apileof,pilesof)+名詞”，“分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+of+名詞”等作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于名詞，如果是不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，則謂語動詞用______形式；如果是可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，則謂語動詞用_______形式。

Alotofwater________(have)beenwasted.

7.由“apair/aseries…of+名詞復數(shù)”作主語時，謂語動詞用_______形式；“pairs/kinds…of+名詞復數(shù)”作主語時，謂語動詞用_______形式。

Fifteenpairsofshoes________(be)madeeachday.

8.某些只有復數(shù)形式的名詞（clothes,trousers,shorts,pants…）作主語時，謂語動詞用______形式。

Mytrousers_______(be)wornout.

9.不定式或動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用_______形式。

Reading_______(be)learning.

二、意義一致原則

意義一致又叫概念一致，即謂語動詞是單數(shù)形式還是復數(shù)形式要看主語所表達的概念。

1.由and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語，如果是指同一概念（and后面無冠詞），謂語動詞用_______形式。

Thesingeranddancer_______(have)beeninvitedtotheparty.

2.表示度量、價格、時間等的名詞詞組作主語時，一般被看作一個整體，謂語動詞常用_______形式。

Threeyears_______(be)alongtime.

3.集體名詞（如family,team,crowd,company,class,group…）如果表示整體概念，則謂語動詞用_______形式；如果表示集體中的成員，則謂語動詞用_______形式。

Allmyfamily_______(enjoy)skiing.

4.people,police,cattle等集合名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用________形式。

Lotsofpeople_______(has)beenthere.

Thepolice_______(be)helpingagirlfindhermother.

5.算式中表示加法和乘法時謂語動詞可以用單數(shù)形式，也可以用復數(shù)形式，但在減法和除法中謂語動詞必須用_______形式。

Tenminusfive_______(be)five.

6.oneandahalf后面接復數(shù)名詞，作主語時謂語動詞要用_______形式。

Oneandahalfcakes________(be)agoodmealforthemonkey.

三、就近原則

有時謂語動詞的形式與主語并不一致，而與它臨近的名詞一致，這種原則叫做“就近原則”。

1.由either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…but(also)…,或or連接兩個并列名詞作主語時，其謂語動詞與較近的名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。

NotonlymyparentsbutalsoI_______(be)lookingforwardtomeetingmyuncle.

2.Therebe…和Herebe…這兩個句式中的be動詞常與其后最近的名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。

There_______(be)atablewiththreelegsandtwochairsinTom’sroom.

附錄3：反意疑問句相關用法

反意疑問部分是附在陳述部分之后，對陳述部分所說的事實或觀點提出疑問的句子。反意疑問部分要與前面的陳述部分用逗號隔開，句末用問號。如果陳述部分是肯定結構，反意疑問部分就用否定結構，反之亦然。此問句可用yes或no來回答。反意疑問部分的主語要用代詞，并與陳述部分主語一致，謂語動詞在人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)上也要與陳述部分一致。

反意疑問句的重點是反意疑問部分的主語和謂語這兩部分，因此對此知識點的命題重點就是反意疑問部分主語和謂語的確定，這是此考點命題的基本指導思想。不過，由于對反意疑問句的做出回答的特殊及易錯性，考查反意疑問句作答與語境或情境聯(lián)系較緊，所以此考查方式越來越受到命題人的青睞。

一、反意疑問部分主語及謂語的確定

反意疑問部分主語與謂語的確定應以陳述部分的主語和謂語為依據(jù)，尤其要注意一些特殊的情況，同時反意疑問部分的主語一般應為人稱代詞，而動詞若為否定形式一般應用縮略形式。

1.陳述部分含有never,few,little,nothing,nobody,no,hardly,none,too…to…等表示否定意義的詞時，其反意疑問部分應用肯定形式。

Therearefewpeopleintheroom,arethere?

2.陳述部分是“Therebe”結構時，反意疑問部分用“bethere”。

Thereisatreeinfrontofthebuilding,isn’tthere?

3.當陳述部分的主語為指事/物的不定代詞something,anything,everything等時，反意疑問部分的主語應用it。

Somethingiswrongwithyourcomputer,isn’tit?

4.當陳述部分的主語為指人的不定代詞somebody,anybody,everybody等時，反意疑問部分的主語可用he或they，但不可用it來代替。

Somebodywantstoseeyou,doesn’the(don’tthey)?

5.當陳述部分的主語為this,that等時，反意疑問部分的主語應用it。類似地，當陳述部分的主語為these,those等時，反意疑問部分的主語應用they。同時，陳述部分為肯定形式時，反意疑問部分應用否定形式，反之亦然。

Thisisabeautifulpicture,isn’tit?

Thosearen’tyourbooks,arethey?

6.當陳述部分動詞為have/has時有下列幾種情況：

1)have在一般現(xiàn)在時中表示“有”之意，反意疑問部分的謂語可用have也可用助動詞do。

Tomhasanewwatch,hasn’t/doesn’the?

2)haveto表示“不得不”“必須”之意時，反意疑問部分的謂語應用助動詞do。

Katehastohelphermotherathome,doesn’tshe?

3)have表示“吃、喝、玩、度過”等意思時，其反意疑問部分的謂語應用助動詞do。

TheyhadagoodtimeinBeijing,didn’tthey?

4)hadbetter表示“最好”之意，當其用在陳述部分時，其反意疑問部分的謂語動詞應用had。

We’dbetterstoptalking,hadn’twe?

5)have用在完成時中，其反意疑問部分的謂語動詞應用have。

LucyhaseverbeentoJapan,hasn’tshe?

7.當陳述部分含有need時，如果need用作行為動詞，則反意疑問部分的動詞應用do；如果need用作情態(tài)動詞，則反意疑問部分的動詞應用need。

WeneedtoarriveinShanghaiat7:00,don’twe?

Weneedn’tleaveatonce,needwe?

8.當陳述部分含有情態(tài)動詞must時，有以下幾種情況。

1)must表示“必須”之意，反意疑問部分的謂語否定式用needn’t。

Theymustcomeontime,needn’tthey?

2)must表示推測，“一定，想必”之意，反意疑問部分謂語動詞的確定應根據(jù)must后面的動詞來確定。

ThatmanmustbeMr.Wang,isn’the?

9.當陳述部分為Iam形式時，反意疑問部分應該用aren’tI。

I’mright,aren’tI?

10.肯定的祈使句的反意疑問部分可以用willyou或won’tyou，否定的祈使句的反意疑問部分用willyou。

Listentomecarefully,will/won’tyou?

Don’tplaywithfire,willyou?

11.以let’s開頭的祈使句，反意疑問部分應用shallwe；以letus開頭的祈使句，反意疑問部分應用willyou。

Let’sgotothepark,shallwe?

Letushelpyou,willyou?

12.陳述部分若為主從復合句，反意疑問部分的主語通常與主句的主語一致。

Shesaidhewouldcometomorrow,didn’tshe?

注意：若主句的主語是第一人稱I/we，其謂語動詞又是think,suppose,expect,believe,imagine等時，則反意疑問部分的主語和謂語一般英語從句一致。（應特別注意否定的轉移）

Ithinkheisagoodstudent,isn’the?

Wedon’tthinkyouareright,areyou?

二、反意疑問句的答語

對反意疑問句作回答時，如果答案是肯定的，則用yes，后面要跟肯定形式的簡略回答方式；若答案是否定的，則用no，后面跟否定形式的簡略回答方式。其回答方式一般與一般疑問句的回答方式完全一致。

—Lucyskatesverywell,doesn’tshe?

—Yes,shedoes.

—Theydon’tlikethehouse,dothey?

—No,theydon’t.

附錄4——英語構詞法

英語中，構詞法主要有三種：合成，派生，轉化，另外還有縮略法和縮寫法等。

一、合成法

由兩個或兩個以上的詞合成一個新詞，前一個詞起修飾后一個詞的作用。合成詞有的用連字符連接，有的不用。合成詞的詞義通常能從單詞表面看出來。合成詞的主要構成方式有：

1.合成名詞

名詞+名詞：basketball,bedroom

形容詞+名詞：blackboard,highway

動詞+名詞：playground

動名詞+名詞：dining-room,swimming-pool

副詞+名詞：overcoat

動詞+介詞/副詞：break-in,get-together

2.合成動詞

名詞+動詞：baby-sit,sleep-walk

形容詞+動詞：white-wash

副詞+動詞：overcome

3.合成形容詞

數(shù)詞+名詞：four-hour

數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞：five-year-old

形容詞+名詞：full-time

名詞+過去分詞：man-made

名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞：peace-loving

副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞：far-seeing

副詞+過去分詞：well-known

形容詞+名詞+-ed：white-haired

形容詞+形容詞：black-white

4.合成副詞

形容詞+名詞：sometimes

介詞+副詞：forever

動詞+動詞：maybe

副詞+名詞：upstairs

二、派生法

在一個單詞(詞根)前面或后面加上一個詞綴，構成一個新詞，成為派生。詞綴分為前綴和后綴。加在單詞前的是前綴，加在單詞后的是后綴。

前綴

1.一般情況下，加前綴不改變詞性，只改變詞義

dis-否定；相反；出去(加在動詞前，表示否定)appeardisappear

im-,in-,ir-,un-不；非(加在形容詞、副詞前，表示否定)regularirregular,happyunhappy

mis-誤；錯；惡(加在動詞前，表示否定)understandmisunderstand

non-無；非；不(加在名詞、形容詞前，表示否定)stopnon-stop

2.能改變詞形和詞義的前綴

a-向里；離開；加強(加在動詞、名詞前構成形容詞或副詞，加在形容詞前構成介詞或副詞)

way(n.)away(adv.)side(n.)aside(adv.)long(adj.)along(prep.adv.)

en-使成為(加在名詞、形容詞前構成動詞)joy(n.)enjoy(v.)

3.其他意思的前綴

fore-先；前seeforesee

mid-中autumnmid-autumn

re-重新；再一次buildrebuild，tellretell

tele-遠；電(既是詞素又可作為前綴，在簡寫中省略)phonetelephone,visiontelevision

后綴(一般改變詞形，加后綴構成的派生詞與原詞詞義有聯(lián)系)

-able能夠；可……的(加在動詞、名詞后，構成形容詞)enjoyenjoyable,useusable

-age狀態(tài)；集合(加在動詞或形容詞后，構成名詞)postpostage,shortshortage

-ed……的(加在名詞后構成形容詞，加在規(guī)則動詞后構成過去式和過去分詞)

interestinterested

-en由……制成的(加在名詞后構成形容詞)woolwoolen

-er,-or人；動作者(加在動詞后構成名詞)runrunner,readreader,visitvisitor,inventinventor

-ern方向(加在表示方向的名詞后構成形容詞)northnorthern

-es,-s多(加在名詞后構成復數(shù)，加在動詞后構成第三人稱單數(shù))watchwatches,saysays

-ses,-(ia)n人；語言(加在國名后構成形容詞和名詞)ChinaChinese,JapanJapanese,

AmericaAmerican,AustraliaAustralian,CanadaCanadian

-ful充滿……的(加在動詞或名詞后構成形容詞)carecareful,helphelpful

-hood身份；境遇；狀態(tài)(家挨名詞后構成名詞，這種后綴的詞課構成復合詞)childchildhood,

brotherbrotherhood

-ing屬于；性質；動作；狀態(tài)(加在名詞后構成名詞或形容詞；加在動詞后構成名詞；通常加

在動詞后構成現(xiàn)在分詞)shopshopping,interestinteresting,meetmeeting,

buildbuilding

-ion動作；狀態(tài)(加在動詞后構成名詞)inventinvention

-ist主義者；人(加在名詞后構成名詞)sciencescientist,MarxMarxist

-ive……的；有……的(加在動詞后構成形容詞)produceproductive,actactive

-less無……的；沒有；不(加在名詞或動詞后構成形容詞)carecareless,useuseless

-ly品質；……的；……地；每……的(加在名詞后構成形容詞或副詞；加在形容詞后構成副

詞)friendfriendly,weekweekly,easyeasily,truetruly,slowslowly,quickquickly

-man人；男人(加在名詞后構成名詞，這種后綴的構成可以構成復合名詞)

EnglishEnglishman,postpostman

-ness狀態(tài)；性質(加在形容詞后，構成抽象名詞)carefulcarefulness,kindkindness

-self(-iselves)自己(詞根-self可以作前綴、后綴，作后綴時通常構成反身代詞)mymyself,

himhimself,improvementself-improvement

-ship狀態(tài)；身份(加在名詞或形容詞后，構成抽象名詞)friendfriendship,hardhardship

-teen,-ty,-th數(shù)量(-teen構成基數(shù)詞13-19；-ty構成整數(shù)基數(shù)詞；-th構成從4開始的位數(shù)不含

數(shù)字1-3的序數(shù)詞)thirteen,nineteen,twenty,ninety,fourth,hundredth

-th結果；過程(加在形容詞、動詞后，構成抽象名詞)truetruth,growgrowth

-ty性質；狀態(tài)；程度(加在形容詞后，構成行抽象名詞)safesafety,difficultdifficulty

-y(充滿)……的(加在名詞后，構成形容詞)cloudcloudy,rainrainy,sunsunny,

snowsnowy

三、轉化法

1.轉換前后的單詞讀音不變，只轉換詞性。判斷某個單詞的詞性要看單詞在句中所處的位置。

about(adv.)about(prep.)all(adj.)all(pron.n.)answer(n.)answer(v.)

hand(n.)hand(v.)back(n.)back(v.)open(n.)open(v.)

orange(n.)orange(adj.)young(adj.)theyoung(n.)beautiful(adj.)thebeautiful(n.)

2.讀音變化引起詞性變化

close/kls/(adj.)近的close/klz/(v.)關

excuse/kskjus/(n.)借口；理由excuse(v.)

record/rkd/(n.)記錄record/rkd/(v.)記錄；錄像

四、縮略法

把原詞省略一部分，使其縮短，寫法和讀音都用新的形式。

examinationexamphotographphototelephonephone

五、縮寫法

取一個詞或幾個詞的代表部分，再進行組合。

television-TVtheUnitedStatesofAmerica-U.S.A

附錄2：主謂一致

一、語法一致原則

1.復數(shù)；are2.單數(shù)；is3.單數(shù)；has

4.主語；have5.復數(shù)；單數(shù)；are；has

6.單數(shù)；復數(shù)；has

7.單數(shù)；復數(shù)；are8.復數(shù)；are9.單數(shù)；is

二、意義一致原則

1.單數(shù)；has2.單數(shù)；is3.單數(shù)；復數(shù)；enjoy

4.復數(shù)；have；are5.單數(shù)；is6.單數(shù)；is

三、就近原則

1.am2.is

2018中考英語二輪復習第9講閱讀理解專題

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閱讀理解

一、命題特點

體裁上來看：涉及記敘文、夾敘夾議文、議論文、說明文和應用文；題材內容涉及英語國家文化的多個領域，并逐步增加廣告、海報、圖畫、表格等實用文體。

題型上來看：著重考查學生對整篇文章的把握，側重考查學生根據(jù)語境進行語篇分析和綜合利用有效信息解決實際問題的能力。

閱讀量上看：逐年增加。

難度上來看：增加了難度，超過了大綱規(guī)定的3%的生詞率。

二、閱讀題型

1._________________：考查學生直接從原文中獲取正確信息的能力。這類題目可以分為直接事實題和間接事實題。

2._________________：猜測生詞詞義、短語和句子意思以及確定代詞指代目標的能力。

3._________________：要求讀者通過文章所提供的已知信息推測未直接表明的信息。

4._________________：要求讀者在閱讀和理解全文的基礎上對文章作出歸納、概括或評價。

三、做題步驟

1.速讀文章抓大意

2.帶題讀文作標記

3.檢查題目不留疑

四、閱讀禁忌

禁止“指讀，聲讀，譯讀，精讀”

禁止“題目卷面清潔，什么標記都沒有”

A

Adoctorenteredthehospitalhurriedlyafterbeingcalledinforanimportantsurgery(外科手術).

Hefoundtheboy’sfatherinthehallwaitingworriedly.

Onseeinghim,thefathercriedout,“Whydidyoutakeallthistimetocome?Don’tyouknowthatmysonisindanger?Don’tyouhaveanysenseofduty?”

Thedoctorsmiledandsaid,“Iamsorry.Iwasn’tinthehospitalandIcameasfastasIcouldafterreceivingthecallandnow,Iwishyou’dcalmdownsothatIcandomywork.”

“Calmdown?!Whatifyoursonwasinthisroomrightnow?Wouldyoucalmdown?Ifyourownsondieswhilewaitingforadoctor,thenwhatwillyoudo?”saidthefatherangrily.Thedoctorsmiledagainandreplied,“Wewilldoourbestandyoushouldalsopray(祈禱)foryourson’shealthylife.”

Thesurgerytooksomehoursafterwhichthedoctorwentouthappy,“Thankgoodness!Yoursonissaved!”Andwithoutwaitingforthefather’sreplyhecarriedonhiswayrunningbysaying,“Ifyouhaveanyquestions,askthenurse.”

“Couldn’thewaitsomeminutessothatIcanaskaboutmyson’sstate?”shoutedthefatherwhenseeingthenurseminutesafterthedoctorleft.

Thenurseanswered,tearscomingdownherface.“Hissondiedyesterdayinaroadaccident.Hewasattheburial(葬禮)whenwecalledhimforyourson’ssurgery.Andnowthathesavedyourson’slife,heleftrunningtofinishhisson’sburial.”

根據(jù)材料內容選擇最佳答案，并將其標號填入題前括號內。

()46.Whatdidthedoctordoafterhereceivedthecallforthesurgery?

A.Heaskedanotherdoctortodohisduty.

B.Hewenttothehospitalassoonaspossible.

C.Hediscussedtheboy’sstatewiththefather.

D.Hewaiteduntilhisson’sburialwasfinished.

()47.Thefathershoutedatthedoctorbecausehethought_______.

A.hehadwaitedtoolong

B.noonecaredforhisson

C.thedoctorwascoldtohim

D.thesurgerytookalongtime

()48.Whotoldthetruthtothefatherintheend?

A.Thedoctor.B.Thenurse.C.Hisson.D.Apatient.

()49.Howmightthefatherfeelafterheknewthetruth?

A.Angry.B.Excited.C.Sorry.D.Doubtful.

()50.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Seeingisbelieving

B.Timewaitsfornoman

C.Practicemakesperfect

D.Thinkbeforeyoudecide

一、細節(jié)理解題

A

LucaGramberinihasbeenscubadivingsincehewasakid.Hisfamilyownsascubacompany.Forthepastthreesummers,Lucahasaddedgardeningtohisunderwateractivities.HehelpsrunNemo’sGarden,aprojecttogrowplantsinthesea.

FromMaythroughSeptember,LucaandotherdiversareworkingonNemo’sGardenintheMediterraneanSea,150feetfromthecoastofNoli,Italy.Fivelargeballoon-likeobjects,calledbiospheres(生物圈),holdplantssuchasbeansandstrawberries.Thebiospheresarefilledwithairandplaced20feetbelowthesurface.“Myfathercameupwiththeideabecausehelovesgardeningverymuch,”Lucasaid.

AccordingtoLuca,theseaisagoodplacetogrowplantsbecauseunderwatertemperaturesremainstable,changinglittlefromdaytonight.Thebiospheresactlikegreenhouses.Insidetheair-filledbiospheres,freshwaterkeepsevaporating(蒸發(fā)),providingtheplantswithagoodenvironmenttogrowin.“Wehavealreadyseentheplants,growfasterandbetter,”Lucasays.“Andtherearefewerstormsthatcanknockdownthebiospheresduringthesummer.”

LucahopesNemo’sGardenwillprovideanewwayofgrowingcrops.“ThereisnotenoughlandontheEarth,”hesays.“Andinmanydevelopingcountries,badconditionsmakeitdifficultforcropstogrow.”

Thoughtheprojecthasjuststarted,Nemo’sGardenhasachievedsuccessandismovingtodifferentareas.“We’regoingtotrygrowingotherplants.”Lucasays.“Wehopetosetupbiospheresinothercountries.Therearemanypossibilities.”

根據(jù)材料內容選擇最佳答案，并將其標號填入題前括號內。

()1.Nemo’sGardenisaprojectto______.

A.doscubadivingintheseaB.stopstormsinthesea

C.makefreshwaterfromtheseaD.growplantsunderthewater

()2.Thepassageisprobablytakenfromthe_______partofanewspaper.

A.travelB.scienceC.healthD.sports

B

WineandBeerFestivals,Germany

Septemberisalsoagreatmonthforwineasthenewkindsarereadyfortasting.TheStuttgartWineFestival(29thAugust—9thSeptember)isoneofthebiggestfestivals,withoveronemillionvisitors.Atthefestival,youcantasteover250kindsofwinesfromthearea.Ifyoupreferbeertowine,there’stheworld-famousMunichOktoberfest,whichstartson22ndSeptemberandcontinuesuntil7thOctober.

()3.WhatcanwelearnaboutWineandBeerFestivals?

A.TheStuttgartWineFestivallastsovertwoweeks.

B.MunchOktoberfestisoneofthebiggestfestivalsintheworld.

C.MorethanonemillionvisitorscometoMunichOktoberfest.

D.Peoplecantasteover250kindsofwinesattheStuttgartWineFestival.

二、猜測詞義題

A

InGermany,teachersandstudents’relationshipismoreformalthanyoumightbeusedto.Teachersarerespectedandstudentsmustusetheformal“Sie(德語：您)”whentalkingtoteachers.

()1.Theunderlinedword“respected”canbebesttranslatedinto______.

A.受人尊敬的B.令人害怕的C.高收入的D.有權勢的

B(文章同細節(jié)理解題A篇)

()2.Theunderlinedword“stable”inparagraph3means______inChinese.

A.平衡的B.正常的C.穩(wěn)定的D.合適的

C

RachelCarson’smostfamousbook,SilentSpringcameoutin1962.Inthisbook,shepointedoutthattheuseofsomekindsofpesticides(殺蟲劑)likeDDTwouldcausethenumberofbirdstodeclinebecauseitwouldkillthemaswell.Finally,inNovember1969,theUnitedStatesgovernmentdecidedthattheuseofDDTmustbestoppedintwoyears.

()3.TheChinesemeaningoftheword“decline”inthispassageisprobably“_______”.

A.增加B.減少C.維持D.翻番

D(文章同主旨大意題C篇)

()4.Theunderlinedword“remunerated”inthepassagemeans“_______”.

A.trainedB.praisedC.acceptedD.paid

E

Skin(皮膚)coversourbodies.Everytimewemove,ourskinmoves,too.Trythis:Pulluptheskinfromthebackofyourhandandthenletitgo.Whathappens?Theskingoesbacktoitsfirstpositon.Thatmeansthatskiniselastic—wecanmoveitandpullitbutitalwaysgoesback.

()5.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“elastic”inthethirdparagraph?

A.Abletomovearoundorturnaround.

B.Abletobecomesofterorharderwhenneeded.

C.Abletobecomethickorthin,butcan’tgoback.

D.Abletobecomelargerandthengobacktoitsusualsize.

三、邏輯推理題

A

BagsofLove

Lastyear,Iworkedinamiddleschoolnearmymother’shouse,andIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthattime,Ihelpedherdosomehouseworkandbuysomefood.

Afterthefirstweek,Inoticedthatthefoodwaseatenupveryquickly.ThenIbegankeepinganeyeonmymum.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatshewouldputsomeofthefoodintoapaperbagandgooutwithitataboutnineeverymorning.Andfinally,Idecidedtofollowher.Isawhertakingthefoodtothestreetchildren.Shewouldalsospendalotoftimetalkingandplayingwiththem.

Oneday,Italkedtoaneighborandfoundoutthatmymumwaswell-knowninthearea.Thechildrenwereveryfriendlywithherandeventhoughtofherastheirownmother.Thenithitme—whywouldn’tshewanttotellmeaboutit?WassheworriedthatIwouldstopbuyingfoodifIfoundout?

Whenmymumgothome,Igaveherabighug(擁抱).Itoldhershedidn’tneedtokeepitasecretfromme.Andshetoldmesomethingaboutthechildren.Someofthemlivedwithanoldladyinasmallhouse.Otherssleptonthestreet.Foryears,shewashelpingthepoorstreetchildrenbygivingthemfood.Aftershetoldmeeverything,Iwassomovedbyhowselfless(無私的)shewas.Shehelpedothersinneed.Asherson,Iwassoproudofmymum.

Icontinuedtobuyfoodformymumafterthat.ButIalwaysaddedonemorebagforherotherchildren.

()1.Thewriteraddedonemorebagoffoodto_______.

A.makefriendswiththechildrenB.getahugfromhismother

C.becomewell-knownintheareaD.helpthepoorstreetchildren

B

ThePrincess

And

TheFrogTicketsInformation

Dates:30thJuly—8thAugust

Mon—Fri10am,7pm

Sat—Sun10am,2pm,7pm

Venue:EsplanadeTheatre

Duration:1.5hours

Ticketprices:perchildoradult(dayshows)

perchildoradult(eveningshows)

FamilyPackages:

for4tickets(10am,2pmshows)

0for4tickets(7pmshows)

LatecomerPolicy:

Pleasearriveearly.Latecomerswillnotbeallowedtoenteruntilaproperbreakintheshows.

Tel:

617-219-4300Children:

Ascourtesytootheraudiencemembers,childrenbelowthreeyearsoldwillnotbeallowedin.

()2.Ifafamilyoffourgotothetheatreintheevening,theyhavetopayatleast______dollarsforthetickets.

A.85B.100C.120D.140

C

OfftheBeatenCartPath

Thebest-sellingtravelbookwhichincludesover200newplacesofinterest,over200newfull-colorphotographs,andall-new,up-to-datemaps.Itincludesover1,000oftheUnitedStatesmostmust-seedestinations(目的地).

CoverPrice:.00OurPrice:.80

Parents

Themostpopularmagazineforparentswhowanttoraisesmartandlovingchildren.Ithaschilddevelopmentguidance,adviceonyourchild’shealthandsafety,andthebestwaytoencourageyourchild’slearning.

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Theprojects(方案)arechosenfrom80specialideastocreateanunusuallivingspace.Theyarepractical,aswellascreative.Theywillimproveyourhomeandyardandcanbemadeonweekends.Andthemostimportantofall,theyareeasytofollow.

CoverPrice:.95OurPrice:.90

Lucky

Theshoppingmagazinewiththebestbuys,andthefashiontips(小貼士).You’llneedthembeforeyougotothestores.WhatmakesLuckyreallyspecialisthatitgivesyoutheinformationyouneedbeforeanyoneelsehasit.

CoverPrice:.50OurPrice:.50

()3.Whatdoyouthinkthepassageis?

A.Anadvertisement.

B.Anotice.

C.Astory.

D.Areport.

四、主旨大意題

A(文章同細節(jié)理解題A篇)

()1.Thebesttitleforthispassageis_______.

A.GardensintheseaB.Projectsforsummeractivities

C.PlantsingreenhousesD.Conditionsforcropgrowing

B(選自一篇文章的第四段)

Scientistsnowunderstandthatafirecanbeanaturalpartofahealthyforest.Asaresult,countrieslikeAustraliaallowmorefirestoburnnaturally.Sometimes,firefightersevenstartfirestogetridof(去除)deadwood.Ofcourse,theycarefullycontrolthefires.Thefirethinsoutoldtrees.Thisallowssunlighttoreachtheground.Asaresult,fireshelpnewtreestogrow.Therefore,ifafireisnotaseriousthreat(威脅)topeople,firefightersmayletitburnnaturally.

()2.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?

A.Firesareseriousthreatstohumanbeings.

B.Australianfirefightersdon’tputoutfires.

C.Firescanplayanimportantroleinforests.

D.It’sdifficultforfirefighterstocontrolthefires.

C

Makingagoodjobchoiceisalmostasgoodaschoosingagoodlife.So,choosingajobisoneofthemostimportantdecisionstomakeinlife.

Formyjob,therearethreeimportantthingsthatIwillconsider:

Thefirstone—thatImustworkinanareaIlike—ismostimportanttome.Someoneoncesaidifyoufindajobthatyouenjoy,thenyouwon’thavetoworkanotherday.IwouldliketoworkinanareawhereIcanbemorecreative.Iwouldliketobethemostvaluablememberthere.AllthisispossibleonlyifIlikewhatIdo.

Thesecondoneisthattheareaofmyworkmustleadmetosolvesomenewandhardproblems.Iwouldliketostayinthesameareaforalongtime.Inorderforthistohappen,theworkmustprovideenoughproblems.Morethanjustworkingtolive,Ienjoymakingadifferenceandtryingmybestforthewholeprogress.Iwouldalsoliketobewellremuneratedformyhardwork,soIcanleadacomfortablelifewiththishard-wonmoney.ThenIcanprovidethebestformyfamily.

ThethirdimportantthingisthatIwouldliketoworkinanareathatwouldhelpotherpeople.Theworkinmymindisinfieldssuchasthearmy,trainingormanagement.Insuchareas,Icanhelptodeveloptheabilitiesofothersandbringouttheirbest.Itwouldbeamostsatisfyingjobtohelpyoungpeopletobecomethebestthattheycanbe.WhenIbecomeold,Iwouldliketolookbackwithagreatsenseofsatisfactionthatthousandsofpeoplehavebecomebetterpersonsthroughmywork.

Iaccepttheideathatnooneshouldmakeachoiceofajobsuddenlyorquickly.Heshoulddecidewhathewantstobeinthelongrun.Then,heshoulddecidehowheworkstowardsit.Heshouldstudythepropercourses,readthebooksandspeaktoknowledgeablepersonsinthatfieldbeforemakingajobchoice.Agoodchoicewillmostprobablyleadtoabetterlife.

()3.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.MyJobChoice

B.MyFavoriteJob

C.MyComfortableLife

D.MySenseofSatisfaction

A

Whyareyourstudyhabitsdifferentfromthoseofyourfriends?Whydoyouseemtolearnfasterinsomeclasseswhilemoreslowlyinothers?Onereasonyoumaynotknowisthatpeoplehavedifferentlearningtypes.Scientistssaytherearethreedifferentlearningtypes:Visual(視覺型),Auditory(聽覺型),andKinesthetic(動覺型).

Visuallearnerslearnbestbyseeing.Ifyouseemtoeasilyrememberinformationfrompictures,graphs(圖表)andvideos,youareprobablyavisuallearner.You’renotgoodatcopyingdownwhattheteachersaysinclass.Nevermind.Youcandrawgraphsorpicturesinstead,ifyoufindthatworksbetterforyou.

Auditorylearnerslearnbestbyhearing.Ifyouseemtoeasilyrememberthingsbyhearingthem,thenyouareprobablyanauditorylearner.Youmustlistencarefullywhiletheteacherisspeakingbecauseit’stheeasiestwayforyoutolearn.Sometimesyoumayfindthattakingnotesstopsyoufromlisteningcarefully.Afterclass,youcanwritedownwhatyourememberorborrowyourfriends’notestocopy.

Kinestheticlearnerslearnbestbydoing.Ifyouseemtolearnbestbyworkingwithyourhands,youareprobablyakinestheticlearner.Takingnotesbywritingcanmakeyoupaycloseattentiontoinformationasyoureceiveit.Ofcourse,youcanlearnbestbymakingfulluseoflabsorotherclassactivities.

Hopeyoulearnbetterbyknowingwhatyourpersonallearningtypeis.

()1.Thereare_______differentlearningtypesaccordingtothepassage.

A.twoB.threeC.fourD.five

()2.Judecanrememberthewordsofasongquicklybylisteningtoitonceortwice.Shemightbea/an_______accordingtothepassage.

A.auditorylearnerB.visuallearnerC.strangeleanerD.usuallearner

()3.Kinestheticlearnerslearnbestby_______.

A.rememberinginformationfromvideos

B.listeningtoteachersinclass

C.drawinggraphsorpictures

D.doingthingswiththeirhands

()4.Thebesttitleofthispassagemaybe“_______”.

A.StudyHabitsB.WaystoStudy

C.LearningTypesD.ReasonstoLearn

B

NewTechnologyRevolutionizes(變革)Learning

Moreandmorepeoplebelievethattechnologiesaregreatforlearning.Today,suchteachingtoolsasiPadsareusedinalotofcourses,includinglanguage,historyandscience.

ManyteachersaresupportersofusingiPadsinlanguagelearning.Theysaythatstudentsnowhavemuchmoretimefordiscussionintheclassroom.Insteadofspendingvaluableclasstimelisteningtotextsorwatchingteachingvideos,studentscandothisontheirownandcometoclasspreparedfordiscussion.

TheteachersalsosaythatiPadsallowstudentstolearnattheirownpace.Somestudentsmightlistentoadialogueonlyonceandunderstandit,sotheycansavetimefordoingotherthings.Otherstudents,however,mightneedtolistentothesamedialogueagainandagaintounderstandit.UsingiPadsisespeciallyhelpfultostudentswhoarelearningalanguageatdifferentpaces.

Thestudentswhoareusingthenewtoolinsomecoursesarealsohappy.TheybelievethatusingiPadsisamoreenjoyablewaytolearn(suchaslisteningtostoriesandwatchingmovies).Theclasshasbecomemuchmoreinterestingandcreative.

Thereareotheradvantagesforstudents.ByusingiPads,theycanpaymoreattentiontothematerialandlearnmore.TeachingnotesarestoredintheiriPadsandareeasytofind.Somestudentsspendmoretimestudyingnow.“Icanlistentomylanguagematerialorwatchteachingvideosonthebus,insteadofhavingtowaituntilIgethome,”astudentexplained.

ManyadultscomplainthattechnologiessuchasiPadsaredoingharmtostudents.TheyworrythatstudentsmightuseiPadstodownloadteachingnotesandusethemtocheatduringexams.SomebelievethatiPadsmayseparatestudentsfromeachother.IfastudentspendsmoretimewatchingvideosonaniPad,hewillhavefeweropportunitiestohaveface-to-facecommunicationwithothers.

However,technologiesarealreadyapartofmoststudents’day-to-daylives.Asforcheating,teacherscanaskstudentstohandintheiriPadswhentheytakeexams.Educationneedstomakechangeswiththetimesastechnologyisplayinganimportantpart.WeshouldlookforwardtoawonderfulfuturewheniPadsandothertechnologiescanaddalottotheclassroom.

()5.Whatdoestheexpression“attheirownpace”inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Accordingtotheirowntimetable.B.Withouttheirteachers’help.

C.Becauseoftheirwonderfulgoals.D.Againsttheirparents’hope.

()6.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.

A.studentswithiPadshavelessdiscussioninclass

B.studentsgetmorefunfromlearningwithiPads

C.iPadshelpstudentssavetimewaitingforbuses

D.iPadspreventstudentsfromcheatinginexams

()7.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat______.

A.teacherscantakecontrolofstudents’learning

B.examresultsdependalotonnewtechnology

C.technologyineducationhasabrightfuture

D.note-takingisashelpfulasvideo-watching

二、閱讀題型

1.細節(jié)理解題2.猜測詞義題3.邏輯推理題4.主旨大意題

46—50：BABCD

一、細節(jié)理解題1—4：DBD

二、猜測詞義題1—5：ACBDD

三、邏輯推理題1—3：DCA

四、主旨大意題1—3：ACA

A篇：1—4：BADC

B篇：5—7：ABC

2018中考英語二輪復習第11講詞語運用專題

一般給學生們上課之前，老師就早早地準備好了教案課件，到寫教案課件的時候了。我們制定教案課件工作計劃，才能更好地安排接下來的工作！你們清楚教案課件的范文有哪些呢？下面是小編精心為您整理的“2018中考英語二輪復習第11講詞語運用專題”，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。

詞語運用

《義務教育新課程標準》對詞語運用試題的界定：

要求初中畢業(yè)生能夠理解和領悟詞語的基本含義以及在特定語境中的意義；能夠了解常用語言形式的基本結構和常用表意功能；能夠根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的運用簡單的閱讀策略獲取信息；掌握單詞、短語、習慣用語和固定搭配的使用等。

詞語運用命題特點：

近幾年，河南省中考英語詞語運用題，保持了應用性、探究性、綜合性和時代性的特征，著重考查了學生的基礎能力、綜合能力和書面表達能力。詞語運用題主要考查學生對知識應用的熟練程度，對語言的遷移能力和對語言信息的綜合處理能力。

題材：故事、文化習俗、科普小品、體育等。

考察范圍：介詞、動詞、形容詞、連詞、代詞、名詞、數(shù)詞、習慣表達等，既注重語法知識和習慣用語的考查，又加強對篇章結構的理解，同時強調了寫的成分。（具體見考點分布表）

河南中考英語詞語運用題考點分布表：

年份

分類201620152014201320122011

文體記敘文記敘文記敘文記敘文記敘文記敘文

詞數(shù)239230204192152197

話題講述了當今社會人們把太多時間放在智能手機上，卻忽略真實生活中的人和事的現(xiàn)象講述了一種當前最受歡迎的心形手勢高中的學生在奧克蘭的機場賣咖啡的故事講述了一個“以其人之道，還治其人之身”的故事邁克爾杰克遜的經歷和演唱生涯人生價值

考點分布（分值）名詞222221

代詞111111

動詞333322

形容詞22/212

連詞111//1

介詞/1/111

副詞1/2121

數(shù)詞//1/11

（一）重點考查單詞拼寫、語言基礎知識，在考查詞匯的同時考查讀與寫的能力。這就要求考生首先要把握住短文的主旨大意，答題時除了考慮詞法、句法，還要研究語篇中句子的結構、銜接和連貫等問題。

（二）以上表格顯示詞語運用主要考查包括名詞、動詞、副詞、連詞、代詞以及介詞等，基本包括所有詞類。文體方面主要是以記敘文為主。今年河南省中考英語詞語運用試題可能會延續(xù)以前的考查模式，設空時仍然會以名詞、動詞、形容詞等實詞為主，副詞等其他的虛詞也會有所涉及。

（三）重視句子之中或句子與句子之間的聯(lián)系，側重所給詞的變化，如名詞、動詞、數(shù)詞、代詞、形容詞等形式上的變化。

（四）試題選材符合考生的書面表達水平，文體偏重記敘文，以故事類的話題為主，短文內容貼近學生的學習和生活。詞數(shù)在200左右。短文共設10個小題，每空一詞，第一句話一般不設空，試題力求答案的唯一性。

詞語運用注意事項

形式、詞法、句法、基礎知識

詞語運用試題的做題步驟：

1、跳過空格，通讀全文，了解大意。

2、復讀全文，確定語義，判斷詞形。

3、利用語境，確定詞形。

4、復讀全文，驗證答案。

詞語運用的關鍵：

_________________

1.定詞：

_________________________________________________________________________

2.變形：

a._______________________________________________________________________

b._______________________________________________________________________

c._______________________________________________________________________

d._______________________________________________________________________

e._______________________________________________________________________

一、定詞______________________

用方框內所給的詞或短語進行填空，兩項多余。

varioussimilarwithcarefamiliarintrouble

destroymedicinesdependsonmachinesgets

TodayI’mgoingtotalkaboutrainforests.Areyou__________withthem?They’reinterestingandexcitingplaces!Manykindsoftheworld’splantsandanimalsliveintherainforests.

However,rainforestsare__________now—theyaredisappearingveryfastbecausetheyarecutdownorburnteveryday.Asaresult,__________animalsandplantsaredyingout.

Maybeyouhaveneverbeentoarainforest,sowhyshouldyouprotectthem___________?Rainforestsareimportanttoeveryone.Theyareimportantbecausetheplantsintherainforestsmakeoxygen.Weneedoxygentobreathe.

Rainforestalsohelptocontroltheweather.Whentreesarecutdown,it_________hotter.Besides,onequarterofour__________comefromplants.Manyoftheseplantscanbefoundonlyinrainforests.Thereisalotthatwehavenotlearntaboutrainforests.Ifwe__________them,wewillneverfindout.

Inmyopinion,ourfuture_____________savingtherainforests.Wemusttellmorepeoplehowimportantrainforestsaresothattheywillstopdoingharmtothem.Wemustprotecttherainforestsnow.Wehavetoactnowtosaveouronlyhome.

二、變形______________________

a.動詞—___________________________________________________________________

“Whatistheboydoing?”Iaskedmyselfandlookedclosely.“Oh,heis_________(pick)upacoinfromtheground.”Whenhe________(stand)up,wesaweachother.

Iaskedhimifhe________(need)somemoney.Hereplied,“No.That’sokay.”

Fromhersadlook,SusienoticedthatMrs.Smithmust____________(cry)foralongtime.

They___________(live)heresince2000.

ThereisaGermanproverbthatsays,“Friendshipisaplantthatmustbe________(water).”

ThebookwrittenbyLuXun________(sell)well.

__________(think)abouttheconnections(聯(lián)系)betweenwordsmayhelpyoutorememberthem.

Manychildrenareleftaloneinthecountryside.Let’stryourbest___________(help)them.

Wouldyoupleasegivemeasmany___________(suggest)aspossible?

Thewindow__________(break)byJimyesterdayhasbeenmended.

Don’tyouseeaboy__________(run)towardsus?

b.形容詞副詞—_____________________________________________________________

Thesharkgotherleftarm,andhurther_________(bad).Luckily,shetriedherbestandswambacktotheland.

Hefelt________(true)sorryforwhathesaid.

Thiskindofcoffeetastesvery_________(well).

Herlittledogdiedyesterday.Thismadehervery__________(happy).

Apersonwhois__________(honest)alwaystellslies.

Shedidn’tgiveupherdreamofbecomingasurfer,butshehadtopractice_________(hard)thanbefore.

MaYun,headofAlibaba,isoneof_____________(rich)personsintheworld.

There’snotmuch____________(different)inpricebetweenthetwomobilephones.

c.名詞—___________________________________________________________________

Allthoseforeign__________(thief)havebeencaught.

Allparentsworryabouttheir_________(child)success.

Doyouknowthegirl?Sheisafriendofmy_________(sister).

Thestoryisreally__________(humor).Itmakesallofuslaughalot.

Iwanttolearnhowtoeat__________(health).

d.數(shù)詞—___________________________________________________________________

MostpeoplespeakEnglishasa________(two)language.

Two________(five)ofthestudentsinourclassareleaguemembers.

Theygotothelibrary________(one)aweek.

e.代詞—___________________________________________________________________

MotheraskedtheGreenstohelp________(they)tosomepears.

Myhobbyisreadingcomicbooks,whatabout________(you)?

Thereisn’t____________(something)wrongwiththecomputer.

f.介詞連詞

A

請用適當?shù)脑~完成下面的短文。每個空只能填寫一個形式正確、意義相符的單詞。

TheGreatWallisknownastheeighthwonderoftheworld.Everyyearthousandsoftouristsfromallovertheworldcometovisitthisplaceof1_______inChina.

LastSaturdayIwenttotheGreatWall2________someofmyfriends.Itwasasunnyday.Onourwayup,wesawmanyvolunteerskeepingorderinthesun.Theyhelpedtheelderswiththeirbags,3_______photosforsometouristsandansweredpeople’squestions.Thoughtheyarevery4_______,theydidn’tstoptohavearest.Weweredeeplymovedwhenwesawthis.

Justatthatmoment,wesaw5_______littleboystandingaloneandcrying.Wewentoverandaskedwhat6_______tohim.Fromhisanswerweknewthathecouldn’tfindhismother.Wetoldhimnotto7_______aboutitandthenwetriedtogetintouchwithhismotherwiththephonenumberhegaveus.Twentyminutes8_______,hismotherturnedup.Whenshesawherson,shewasveryexcitedandthanked9_______withtearsinhereyes.

ThatdaywenotonlyenjoyedthebeautyoftheGreatWall,butalsofeltthewarmthofthesociety.10_______everyonecanreachoutahelpinghandtoothers,theworldarounduswillbemoreandmoreharmonious(和諧的).

1.________2._________3._________4._________5.__________

6.________7._________8._________9._________10._________

B

根據(jù)短文內容和首字母提示，在下文空格處填入適當?shù)脑~使短文完整。（每空一詞）

Frankwasacuriousboy.Thefirsttimehesawanhourglass(沙漏),hewonderedwhatitwas.

Hismothersaid,“Anhourglassismadeinthes___11___of8.Thesandisputinatoneend,andrunsthroughasmallholeinthem___12___.Ittakesthesandexactlyanhourtorunthrough.”

Frankw___13___thelittlestreamofsand.Hewasi___14___,becauseitwouldnotrunfaster.“Letmeshakeit,mother,”saidhe.“Itislazy,andwillnevergetthrough.”

“Itwill,Son,”saidhismother.“Thesandmoveslittlebylittle,butitmovesallthetime.Whenyoulookatthehandsoftheclock,youthinktheygoverys___15___,buttheyneverstop.Whileyouareatplay,thesandisr___16___,grainbygrain.Thehandsoftheclockaremoving,secondbysecond.Atnight,thesandinthehourglasshasrunthroughtwelvetimes.Thehourhandoftheclockhasmoveda___17___itsgreatface.Thisisbecausetheykeepworkingeveryminute.Theydonotstoptot___18___howmuchtheyhavetodoandhowlongitwilltakethemtodoit.”

Now,Frank’smotherwantedhimtolearnalittlepoem,buthesaid,“Mother,Icanneverlearni___19___.”Hismothersaid,“Studyallthetime.N___20___stoptoaskhowlongitwilltaketolearnit.”

Frankfollowedhismother’sadvice.Hestudiedlineafterline,verybusily;andinoneandahalfhoursheknewthepoemperfectly.

11.________12._________13._________14._________15.__________

16.________17._________18._________19._________20.__________

C

用方框中所給詞的適當形式填空。每個詞限用一次。

anothercarrycontrolhavelifewelltreesousualwild

AnimalsareimportantinIndiancultureandaretreatedinaspecialway.Forexample,alotofelephantsaren’t21______.Theyaredomesticated(馴養(yǎng)的).Theyaren’tkeptaspets,butasworkinganimals.Everyworkingelephant22______itsownkeeper.Anelephantanditskeepermeetforthefirsttimewhentheyarebothyoung,andtheygrowuptogether.Infact,theirrelationshipcontinuesfortherestoftheelephant’s23______—perhaps40years.Lotsofelephantsworkintheforest,movingheavy24______whentheyarecutdown.Somegiveridestotourists,or25______peopleduringcelebrationsandfestivals.Keeperstakeexcellentcareoftheirelephants,feedingthem26______andgivingthemabathattheendoftheworkingday.

27______specialanimalinIndiaisthecow.Cowsareprotectedanimals,28______theyaren’tkeptonfarmsorkilledforfood,althoughpeopledousetheirmilk.SoinIndiayoucanoftenseecowswalkingaroundtownsandcities,andnobodytries29______them.Iftheysitdowninthemiddleoftheroad,people30______drivearoundthem!Doyouthinkit’sinteresting?

21.__________22.__________23.__________24.__________25.__________

26.__________27.__________28.__________29.__________30.__________

詞語運用的關鍵：定詞變形

1.定詞：動詞、名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞、感嘆詞

2.變形：

a.動詞：時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、詞性變化等

b.形容詞/副詞：詞性變化、反義詞、級別變化等

c.名詞：單復數(shù)、名詞所有格、詞性變化等

d.數(shù)詞：基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞變化、單復數(shù)等

e.代詞：單復數(shù)、反身代詞、(人稱代詞)主賓格、形物代/名物代、(不定代詞)肯否含義等

一、定詞（動詞、名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、介詞、連詞、冠詞、感嘆詞）

familiar,introuble,various,withcare,gets,medicines,destroy,dependson

二、變形

a.動詞—時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、詞性變化等

1.picking；stood2.needed3.havecried4.havelived5.watered

6.sells7.Thinking8.tohelp9.suggestions10.broken11.running

b.形容詞副詞—詞性變化、反義詞、級別變化等

12.badly13.truly14.good15.unhappy16.dishonest

17.harder18.therichest19.difference

c.名詞—單復數(shù)、名詞所有格、詞性變化等

20.thieves21.children’s22.sister’s23.humorous24.healthily

d.數(shù)詞—基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞變化、單復數(shù)等

25.second26.fifths27.once

e.代詞—單復數(shù)、反身代詞、(人稱代詞)主賓格、形物代/名物代、(不定代詞)肯否含義等

28.themselves29.yours30.anything

A篇

1.interest2.with3.took4.tired5.a

6.happened7.worry8.later9.us10.If

B篇

11.shape12.middle13.watched14.impatient15.slow/slowly

16.running17.around18.think19.it20.Never

C篇

21.wild22.has23.life24.trees25.carry

26.well27.Another28.so29.tocontrol30.usually