小學(xué)語文微課教案

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars(Period5　Using&nb。

一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)方面無論做什么事都有計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備，高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是老師職責(zé)的一部分。教案可以讓學(xué)生們充分體會到學(xué)習(xí)的快樂，幫助高中教師掌握上課時的教學(xué)節(jié)奏。高中教案的內(nèi)容具體要怎樣寫呢？以下是小編為大家精心整理的“Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars(Period5　Using&nb”，大家不妨來參考。希望您能喜歡！

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

Period5　Usinglanguage:Extensivereading

整體設(shè)計(jì)
教材分析
Thisisthefifthteachingperiodofthisunit.Asusual,theteachershouldcheckstudents’homeworkandofferchancesforthemtogooverwhattheylearnedinthelastperiodatthebeginningoftheclass.Thenleadinthenewlesson.
Inthisperiod,theteachingemphasiswillbeputondevelopingstudents’readingabilitybyreadingextensively.Wewilldealwithtwoparts:AVISITTOTHEMOONinUsinglanguageonPages30-31andCAUGHTBYABLACKHOLEinReadingTaskonPage66.Whilereading,getstudentslearningtousesomereadingstrategiessuchasskimming,scanning,andsoon.Astonewwordsandphrases,theteachercanfirstfindthosestudentsfeelmostdifficultandhelpthemtounderstand.That’senoughhere.ThereadingpassageAVISITTOTHEMOONisasciencefictionstorywhichimagineswhatitmightbelikeifanastronautvisitedthemoon.Thepurposeofsciencefictionwritingistocombinefactswithastorytomakestudentsinterestedandexcitedabouttravelinspace.Itisalsotostimulateaweandwonderintothevastnessofspace.Asthisreadingusestheinformationstudentshavegainedfromthelistening,theteachercanfirstasksomestudentstoretellthelisteningtexttoleadinthetopicandthenaskstudentstoreadthepassageanddosomecomprehendingexercises.Whilecheckingtheiranswerswiththewholeclass,dealwithlanguageproblemsstudentscan’tworkoutbythemselves.Thisisanextensivereadinglesson,sotheteachingstepsshouldbesimple.AstothepassageCAUGHTBYABLACKHOLE,itistocontinuetheabovestory.Theastronomersinthestoryvisitaplaceinspace,whichseemsimpossibleforpeopletoreach,the“blackhole”.Itistohelpstudentsimaginewhatitislikeneara“blackhole”.Askstudentstoreadthroughthepassageandtrytoknowmoreaboutastronomyandgravity.
Attheendoftheclass,askstudentstoretellthetwopassages.Inordertoarousestudents’interest,theteachercanholdacompetitionamongthem.
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)
1.Developstudents’readingskillsbyextensivereading.
2.Letstudentsreadandunderstandthetwopassages.
教學(xué)難點(diǎn)
1.Enablestudentstolearntousereadingstrategiessuchasskimming,scanning,andsoon.
2.Getstudentstounderstandthesciencefictionstoriesinthisunit.
三維目標(biāo)
知識目標(biāo)
1.Getstudentstolearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart:spaceship,pull,float,mass,cheerup,nowthat,breakout
2.Getstudentstoreadthesciencefictionstories.
能力目標(biāo)
1.Developstudents’readingskillsbyextensivereadingandenablethemtolearnhowtousedifferentreadingskillstoreaddifferentreadingmaterials.
2.Havestudentslearntousetheusefulnewwordsandexpressionscorrectly.
3.Enablestudentstounderstandthepassagesandknowmoreaboutastronomyandgravity.
情感目標(biāo)
1.Stimulatestudents’interestinastronomyandspacetravel.
2.Developstudents’senseofgroupcooperationandteamwork.

教學(xué)過程
→Step1Revision
1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2.Asksomepairsofstudentstocometothefrontandactouttheirdialoguetoreviewtheexpressionsofgivinginstructions.
3.HavesomestudentstalkaboutIsaacNewton,AlbertEinsteinandStephenHawkingaswellastheirideasongravity.
→Step2Warmingup
Letstudentstobrainstormthefollowingquestions:
Whatcountryfirstsentpeopleintospace?
Howmanycountrieshavesucceededinsendingpeopleintospacesofar?
Whofirstlandedonthemoon?
WhoisthefirstChineseastronauttogointospace?
Doyouwanttovisitthemoon?
→Step3Reading
1.AskstudentstoreadthepassageandthendescribethethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanpingandhowhisweightchanged.
1)WritedownthethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanping.

Thewaygravitychanged
Lefttheearth
Inspace
Onthemoon

Suggestedanswers:
Thewaygravitychanged
LefttheearthThegravitybecameverystrong.
InspaceThegravitydisappeared.
OnthemoonThegravitybecameverylight.
2)Hisweightchangedthreetimes,too.Nowwritethemdown.

Howhisweightchanged
Lefttheearth
Inspace
Onthemoon

Suggestedanswers:

Howhisweightchanged
LefttheearthHebecameveryheavy.
InspaceHehadnoweightandcouldfloataroundlikeafeather.
OnthemoonHewasaboutone-sixthofhisweightontheearth.
2.Askstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Letstudentsreadthemaloudandcopythemdownintheirexercisebookafterclassashomework.Trytokeeptheminmind.
Collocations:beluckyenoughtodo,haveachance,makeatripintospace,explainsth.tosb.,theforceofgravity,beoff,thepulloftheearth’sgravity,fallbacktotheearth,falltotheground,toofarfromtheearth,asif,atall,getcloseto,cheerup,comeon,lessthan,downthesteps,stepforward,twiceasfaras,fallover,abitof,nowthat,afterawhile,getthehangof,breakout,ontheoutsideof,bepushedinto
→Step4Importantlanguagepoints
1.Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.
在啟程以前,李彥平向我解釋說,在我們的航行中會有三次引力的改變,而第一次的改變將是最強(qiáng)的。
句子中thattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful是兩個并列的that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,作動詞explain的賓語。一個動詞若帶兩個賓語從句,第二個引導(dǎo)詞that一般不省略。例如:
Thegirlstoldhim(that)theywereonatraintripacrossCanadaandthattheyhadonlyonedayinMontreal.
姑娘們告訴他,她們乘火車來旅游,要橫穿加拿大,在蒙特利爾待一天。
Iunderstandnotonly(that)youhavestudiedChinesebutalsothatyouhavewrittenChinesepoetry.
我知道,你不僅學(xué)了中文,而且還寫中文詩。
2.Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.
我立刻感到很高興,由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去,我望著（身后的）地球越來越小,而（前方的）月球越來越大。
watchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger是現(xiàn)在分詞短語,在句中作狀語。
cheer(sb.)up:(causesb.to)becomehappierormorecheerful歡呼;喝彩;感到高興;使高興
Tryandcheerupabit;lifeisn’tthatbad!
想辦法高興點(diǎn),生活并不是那么糟！
Thecrowdcheeredupwhentheysawtheteamarrive.
當(dāng)看到球隊(duì)的到來,人群歡呼起來。
Hetookhertotheconcerttocheerherup.
他帶她去聽音樂會來使她高興。
watch...do/doing觀看,注視
Wewatchedthesunsettingbehindthetrees.
我們看著太陽正在樹后面落下。
Everydayastheywatchedtheplantgrow,theirheartsfilledwithhope.
每一天當(dāng)他們看到植物生長,他們的心里都充滿了希望。
3.“Ohdear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”
“天哪,”我大聲說,“重力改變了,看來走路也的確需要練一練了。”
now(that)...:becauseofthefact(that)...既然……;由于……
Now(that)everybodyishere,wecanbeginthemeeting.
既然每個人都到了,我們就可以開始會議。
Now(that)youareabigboyyoumustbehavebetter.
由于你是一個大男孩,你就必須行為表現(xiàn)得更好。
4.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.
我們驚奇地看著,隨著地球引力的增加,宇宙飛船的外層燃燒起火。
句子中的asfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceship和astheearth’sgravityincreased均為as引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。
amazed是過去分詞,在此處作狀語。
Hecameinunnoticed.
他神不知鬼不覺地走了進(jìn)來。
Manyheroeslieburiedinthechurchyard.
許多英雄埋葬在教堂的墓地里。
breakout:(ofviolentevents)startsuddenly（指激烈事件,如戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)、疫情等）突然發(fā)生;爆發(fā)
Firebrokeoutduringthenight.
夜間突然發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。
Warbrokeoutin1939.
戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)于1939年。
Aquarrelbrokeoutsuddenlyatmidnight.
在深夜,突然有人吵架。
→Step5Readingtask
TurntoPage66.
1.Askstudentstoreadthepassageandanswerthetwoquestions.
1)Canablackholebeseen?Howdoyouknowit’sablackhole?
2)Whathappenedtothespaceshipfromthebeginningtotheend?
Suggestedanswers:
1)No,itcan’tbeseen.Youcanseethingsdisappearintowhatappearstobeemptyspace.
2)Atfirstthelightsonthespaceshipwentoutandthecomputerstoppedworking.Thenthespaceshipjumpedandbegantomovearoundtheedgeoftheoutsideofthehole.
Asthespaceshipmovedaroundthehole,itbegantogofasterandfaster.
Butthenthespaceshipjumpedagain,anditmovedsidewaysfromtheblackhole.Itbegantoincreaseitsspeeduntilitseemedtobegoingasfastaslight.
Atlastthespaceshipsloweddownandthecomputerstartedworkingagain.
2.Letstudentsreadthepassageagainanddothefollowing:
Supposeyouareascientistreadingthispassage.Usethischecklisttodiscoverthenewideasabout“blackholes”.Thenwritethemfortheotherscientiststoreadabout.
Oldideasabout“blackholes”Wasthiswhatwefound?Newideasabout“blackholes”
1.Blackholescannotbeseen.
2.Gravitypullsobjectstowardsthem.
3.Objectsgoroundoutsidetheedgeofthe“blackhole”.
4.Allobjectsmustgointothe“blackhole”whentheyarecaughtbyitsgravity.
3.Severalminuteslater,showtheanswersonthescreenandcheckthemwiththewholeclass.Atthesametime,dealwithanydifficultlanguagepointsthatstudentscan’tunderstand.
Suggestedanswers:

Oldideasabout“blackholes”Wasthiswhatwefound?Newideasabout“blackholes”
1.Blackholescannotbeseen.Yes
2.Gravitypullsobjectstowardsthem.Yes
3.Objectsgoroundoutsidetheedgeofthe“blackhole”.Yes
4.Allobjectsmustgointothe“blackhole”whentheyarecaughtbyitsgravity.YesTheycanbethrownfarfromthe“blackhole”bytheenergyinthe“blackhole”.
→Step6Consolidation
Askstudentstogobacktothetwopassages.Givethemseveralminutestobepreparedtoretellthewholestoryintheirownwords.Thenaskasmanystudentsaspossibletocometothefronttotellthestory.
→Step7Homework
1.FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2.Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.
3.Tellthestorytoyourfriendsorfamily.
板書設(shè)計(jì)
Unit4　Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
ExtensiveReading
AVISITTOTHEMOON
1)WritedownthethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanping.

Thewaygravitychanged
LefttheearthThegravitybecameverystrong.
InspaceThegravitydisappeared.
OnthemoonThegravitybecameverylight.
2)Hisweightchangedthreetimes,too.Nowwritethemdown.
Howhisweightchanged
LefttheearthHebecameveryheavy.
InspaceHehadnoweightandcouldfloataroundlikeafeather.
OnthemoonHewasaboutone-sixthofhisweightontheearth.
活動與探究
GotothelibraryandsurftheInternettofindasmuchinformationasyoucanaboutspaceandthemoon.Andyouareexpectedtopresentittoyourteacherandclassmatesinthenextclass.

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Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）
詞匯
部分詞語
辨析1.loudly/loud/aloud2.unlike/dislike3.remain/leave
4.climate/weather5.nowthat/since/because/as
詞形
變化1.violentadj.強(qiáng)暴的，猛烈的violencen.暴力，強(qiáng)暴；猛烈violentlyadv.強(qiáng)暴地；猛烈地
2.fundamentaladj.基本(礎(chǔ))的n.[pl.]基本原則(法則)fundamentallyadv.基本地；根本地fundamentn.基礎(chǔ)；根本
3.developmentn.生長，發(fā)
展；新情況developvt.發(fā)展；產(chǎn)生
vi.生長；發(fā)展developedadj.發(fā)達(dá)的developingadj.發(fā)展的
4.layvt.放下；擺設(shè)；產(chǎn)(蛋)lay---laid---laid---layinglievi.躺，平放；位于
lie---lay---lain---lyinglien.vi.謊話；說謊
lie---lied---lied---lying
5.preventvt.預(yù)防，防止preventionn.預(yù)防；阻止；妨礙preventableadj.可防止的，可預(yù)防的
6.gentleadj.和藹的；輕柔的gentlyadv.溫和地；靜靜地
7.physicsn.物理，物理學(xué)physicistn.物理學(xué)家physicaladj.身體的；物理(學(xué))的；物質(zhì)的
重點(diǎn)
單詞1.systemn.[c]系統(tǒng)；體系；制度；方法
2.layvt.(laid,laid,laying)把……放下；擺設(shè)；鋪(地毯)；產(chǎn)(蛋)
3.harmfuladj.有害的；傷害的
4.existvi.存在；生存
5.puzzlev.(使)迷惑；(使)苦思n.謎；難題
6.pullv.拉，拖，拔；移動n.拉，拖；拉(引)力
7.cheervt.vi.(使)高興、振奮；(對)歡呼
重點(diǎn)
詞組1.tobeginwith以……開始；由……作為開頭；首先
2.intime及時；最終；遲早
3.inone’sturn輪到某人；接著
4.prevent...from使……不做事；阻止……做某事
5.blockout擋?。ü饩€）
6.beoff=setoff出發(fā)；動身；不用上班/學(xué)/開張
7.breakout(災(zāi)難、戰(zhàn)爭等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)
8.watchout密切注視；當(dāng)心；提防
重點(diǎn)句子1.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.
2.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.
3.ButwhenItriedtostepforwardIfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.
重點(diǎn)語法賓語從句和表語從句（見語法部分）
語言要點(diǎn)（模塊）
Ⅰ.詞語辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1.loudly/loud/aloud

loudlyadv響亮地，高聲地
loudadj/adv與sing,speak,talk連用
aloudadv相對默讀而言；出聲
根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。
1).Willyoupleasespeak______?
2).ItisgoodforyoutoreadEnglish______everymorning.
3).Thebombexploded______.
4).Ishervoice______enough?
5).Actionspeaks______thanwords(事實(shí)勝于雄辯).
Keys:1).louder2).aloud3).loudly4).loud5).louder
2.unlike/dislike

unlikeprep.不像，和……不同adj.[作表語]不相似；不同
dislikevt./n.不喜愛，厭惡
根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。
1).Agoodhotelmanagershouldknowhisregularguests’likesand______.
2).Herlatestnovelisquite______herearlierwork.
3).Ifyougoonlikethatyou’llgetyourself_______(like).
4).Iwasveryinterestedinthelecture,______manyofthestudents.
Keys:1).dislikes2).unlike3).disliked4).unlike
3.remain/leave

remainvi.仍然是；留下；剩下
常用句型：remain+n.仍然是remain+adj./adv./prep.仍然是
remain+v-ed/v-ing仍然是remaintobedone有待去做，依然要做
leavevt.剩下，忽略或未拿或未帶（某物），使或讓（某人、事物）處某狀態(tài)﹑某地等
常用句型：leavesb.sth./leavesth.tosb.給某人留下某物
leavesth(forsb)留下，交待下(某物)leavesthtosb將某物遺贈給某人
remaining/left兩者都可以作形容詞，表示“剩下的”，前者用于被修飾的名詞之前，后者用于被修飾的名詞之后。
根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。
1).Someone______youthisnotewhileyouwereout.
2).Aftertheearthquake,little______ofthevillage.
3).Heusedthe______moneytobuyadictionary.
4).Afterbuyingthedictionary,hehadnotmuchmoney______.
5).Arrivinghome,IfoundthatI’d______mykeyintheoffice.
6).Don’tleaveher______(wait)outsideintherain.
7).Sheremained_______(change)afteralltheseyears.
8).Agreatmanythingsremain_______(do).
Keys:1).left2).remained3).remaining4).left
5).left6).waiting7).unchanged8).tobedone
4.climate/weather

climate指從長時間的范圍來看某地的平均氣候或經(jīng)常性的氣候；
weather指某地一時的天氣，如寒暖、晴雨和干濕的變化情況。
根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。
1).Weshallgooutforapicnictomorrowifthe_______isfine.
2).Adrier_______wouldbegoodforyourhealth.
3).Icouldn’timaginewhatitwouldbeliketoliveinahot________.
4).The_______ofourcountryismild,butindividualplacesexperiencebad________.
Keys:1).weather2).climate3).climate4).climate;weather
5.nowthat/since/because/as

都可引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，語氣最強(qiáng)的是because，引導(dǎo)直接而明確的原因，也用來回答why的問句或用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；其次是since/nowthat，表示已知或明顯的原因，再次是as，引導(dǎo)的原因是不言而喻、顯而易見的；for引導(dǎo)的是并列分句，表推測或判斷的原因，前面有逗號隔開。
根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。
1)._______everybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.
2)Itwas_______hewasillthathedidn’tgotoschool.
3).Itmusthaverainedlastnight,_______thegroundisallwet.
4)._______wearealone,wecanspeakfreely.
Keys:1).since/nowthat2).because3).for4).Now(that)

Ⅱ.詞性變化（旨在提供語法填空所需材料）
1.violentadj.強(qiáng)暴的，猛烈的violencen.暴力，強(qiáng)暴；猛烈violentlyadv.強(qiáng)暴地；猛烈地
2.fundamentaladj.基本(礎(chǔ))的n.[pl.]基本原則(法則)fundamentallyadv.基本地；根本地fundamentn.基礎(chǔ)；根本
3.developmentn.生長，發(fā)
展；新情況developvt.發(fā)展；產(chǎn)生
vi.生長；發(fā)展developedadj.發(fā)達(dá)的developingadj.發(fā)展的
4.layvt.放下；擺設(shè)；產(chǎn)(蛋)lay---laid---laid---layinglievi.躺，平放；位于
lie---lay---lain---lyinglien.vi.謊話；說謊
lie---lied---lied---lying
5.preventvt.預(yù)防，防止preventionn.預(yù)防；阻止；妨礙preventableadj.可防止的，可預(yù)防的
6.gentleadj.和藹的；輕柔的gentlyadv.溫和地；靜靜地
7.physicsn.物理，物理學(xué)physicistn.物理學(xué)家physicaladj.身體的；物理(學(xué))的；物質(zhì)的
用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1).Thenaughtyboy_______(lie)tomethatthehenthat_______(lie)therejustnowhad______(lay)twoeggsthedaybefore.
2).Inmyopinion,________(prevent)ismoreimportantthantreatment.
3).SomeprogramsontheInternetarefullof________(violent)andsex.
4).Withthe________(develop)ofmodernindustry,moreandmorepollutioniscaused.
5).Chinaisa________(develop)countrybelongtothethirdworld.
6).Thereare________(fundament)differencesbetweenyourreligiousbeliefsandmine.
7).Hisambitionistobecomeagreat________(physics).
Keys:1).lied;lay;laid2).prevention3).violence4).development
5).developing6).fundamental7).physicist

Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)詞匯（旨在提供詞匯綜合運(yùn)用材料）
1.systemn.[c]系統(tǒng)；體系；制度；方法systematicadj有系統(tǒng)的;有條理的
[典例]
1).Thesolarsystemincludesthesunanditseightplanets.太陽系包括太陽和它的八顆行星。
2).Alcoholisbadforyoursystem.喝酒對身體有害。
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子。
1).The____________(教育系統(tǒng))operatesverydifferentlyintheUSandChina.
2).Heintroducedusawell-designed____________(鐵路系統(tǒng)).
Keys:1).educationalsystem2).railwaysystem

2.layvt.(laid,laid,laying)把放下；擺設(shè)；鋪(地毯)；產(chǎn)(蛋)
[典例]
1).Helaidhishandonmyshoulder.他把手放在我的肩上。
2).Whoshouldwelaytheblameon?我們該責(zé)備誰?
[重點(diǎn)用法]lay短語：
layeggs下蛋l(fā)aysth.aside把某物放在一邊；積蓄（錢）
laysth.down把某物放下laytheblameonsb.責(zé)備某人
laythetable擺桌子layemphasis/stressonsth.把重點(diǎn)放在某事上
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或翻譯。
1).Thebird______itseggsinotherbirds’nests.
2).Heisapoliticalleaderthat____________________(非常強(qiáng)調(diào))individualresponsibility.
3).He______somemoney______forrainydays.
Keys:1).lays2).laysgreatstresson3).lays/puts;aside

3.harmfuladj.有害的；傷害的harmn.vt.傷害（某人）
[典例]
Manypeopleareawareoftheharmfuleffectsofsmoking.很多人都意識到吸煙的危害。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
beharmfultosb./sth.對……有害doharmtosb.=dosb.harm=harmsb.對……有害；傷害……
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或翻譯。
1).Everyoneknowsthatsmokingis______toyourhealth.
2).Inmanycases,toomuchcareforchildrenfromparentsmightevendo______totheirgrowth.
3).在陽光下看書對你的眼睛傷害很大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1).harmful2).harm3).Readinginthesundoesalotofharmtoyoureyes.=Readinginthesundoesyoureyesalotofharm.=Readinginthesunisveryharmfultoyoureyes.

4.existvi.存在；生存existencen.存在
[典例]
1).DoeslifeexistonMars?火星上有生命嗎?
2).IcanhardlyexistonthewageI’mgetting.我靠我掙的工資簡直難以餬口。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
exist+prep.存在于地方existonsth.靠某物生存
[練習(xí)]用exist的短語或其適當(dāng)形式填空。
1).Thisplant______only______Australia.
2).Canyou____________suchalowsalary?
3).Idoubtthe______(exist)ofalien.
Keys:1).exists;in2).existonto3).existence

5.puzzlevt.vi.(使)迷惑；(使)苦思n.謎；難題puzzledadj.無法了解的；困惑的puzzlingadj.令人費(fèi)解的
[典例]
1).Herreplypuzzledme.她的回答把我弄糊涂了。
2).Theirreasonfordoingitisstillapuzzletome.他們?yōu)槭颤N要做此事我仍莫名其妙。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
sth.puzzlessb.某事使某人迷惑/為難sb.bepuzzledbysth.某人對……感到迷惑
puzzleabout/oversth.對某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解）puzzleone’sbrain苦思苦想；絞盡腦汁
solveapuzzle解決一個難題
[練習(xí)]用puzzle的適當(dāng)形式填空或翻譯。
1).Toexplainthe________(puzzle)findings,heofferstwotheories.
2).I_______(puzzle)thatIhaven’theardfromLizforsolong.
3).Shelistenedwitha_______(puzzle)expressiononherface.
4).Noonehasyetsucceededinexplainingthe_______(puzzle)ofhowlifebegan.
5).He_______(puzzle)whattodonext.
6)._____________________(使我困惑的事情)iswhyheleftthecountrywithouttellinganyone.
Keys:1).puzzling2).ampuzzled3).puzzled4).puzzle5)waspuzzled6).Whatpuzzlesme

6.pullv.拉，拖，拔；移動n.拉，拖；拉(引)力
[典例]
1).YoupushandI’llpull.你來推，我來拉。
2).Ifeltapullatmysleeveandturnedround.我覺得有人扯我的袖子，便轉(zhuǎn)過身來。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
pullahead(ofsb/sth)領(lǐng)先（於某人/物）pull(sb)back（使某人）退卻；撤回（某人）
pulloff(sth)（指機(jī)動車輛）駛離（道路）（至路側(cè)停車處停下）pullout(sth.)拉掉；使分離；掏出；駛離（車站）
pullon穿，戴上（襪子、手套等）pulltogether同心協(xié)力；通力合作
[練習(xí)]用pull短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1).Iarrivedasthelasttrainwas____________.
2).He____________agunandaimedatthecriminal.
3).Solongaswe____________,there’snomountaintopwecan’tconquer.
Keys:1).pullingout2).pulledout3).pulltogether

7.cheervt.vi.(使)高興、振奮；(對)歡呼cheerfuladj.高興的cheerlessadj.不高興的
[典例]
1).ThecrowdcheeredloudlyastheQueenappeared.女王出現(xiàn)時群眾高聲歡呼。
2).Hewasgreatlycheeredbythenews.他聽到這個消息非常高興。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
cheersb.on為某人加油cheer(sb)up（使某人）更高興或更快活
[練習(xí)]用cheer的短語或其適當(dāng)形式填空。
1).Yourvisithasgreatly______himup.
2).Thecrowd______therunners______astheystartedthelastlap.
3).Youlookasthoughyouneed______up.
Keys:1).cheered2).cheered;on3).cheering

Ⅳ.重點(diǎn)詞組（旨在提供詞匯綜合運(yùn)用材料）
1.tobeginwith=tostartwith以……開始；由……作為開頭；首先
[典例]
Tobegin/startwith,Icouldn’tunderstandasingleword.起初，我一句也沒弄明白。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
begin/startwith從……開始begin/startsthwith從……開始……
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子。
1).He______hisspeech______apoem.
2).Hisspeech____________apoem.
3).__________________,petsaregoodfriendsofmanylonelypeople,especiallytheold.
Keys:1).began/started;with2).began/startedwith3).Tostart/beginwith
2.intime及時；最終；遲早
[典例]
1).Theycaughtthebusintime.他們及時趕上了汽車。
2).Ifyoukeepon,youwillsucceedintime.如果堅(jiān)持下去，你們總有一天會成功的。
[短語歸納]time短語：
intimeforsth./todosth.及時；不遲innotime立刻；馬上atnotime永不……
atonetime有個時期；曾經(jīng)；一度atatime一次；每次attimes=sometimes有時
allthetime一直；始終；老是ontime按時；準(zhǔn)時bythetime到……的時候?yàn)橹?br> forthetimebeing暫時；暫且takeone’stime不著急；慢慢來killtime消磨時間
fromtimetotime不時地，間或manyatime常常；多次onceuponatime從前
atthesametime同時；盡管如此aheadoftime提前，提早raceagainsttime爭分奪秒
timeandagain一次又一次；重復(fù)地keeptime(鐘表)走得準(zhǔn)keepbadtime（鐘、表）走得不準(zhǔn)
takeone’stime慢慢來，別急haveagood/nice/hardtime(in)doingsth做某事很……
It’s(high/about)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.是做某事的時候了
[練習(xí)]用time短語填空。
1).Theysentthemailtomejust______________,beforeI1eft.
2).Williamarrivedatthetheatrejust______________fortheplaywastobeon.
3).Hurryup!Theconcertwillbegin_____________________.
4)._____________________willIgiveup.
5).Theboylaughedandcried__________________________.
6)._____________________hewasaddictedtoplayingwebgames,butnowhedevoteshimselftowriting,whichdelightshisparents.
7).Don’ttrytodoeverythingatonce;takeitabit_____________________.
8).You’llhaveyourownofficesoon,but____________________________you’llhavetoshareonewithme.
Keys:1).intime2).intime3).innotime4).Atnotime
5).atthesametime6).Atonetime7).atatime8).forthetimebeing

3.inone’sturn輪到某人；接著
[典例]
Iwillseeyou,eachinyourturn.我將要一個接著一個地看你。
[短語歸納]turn短語：
inturn輪流；一個接著一個byturns輪流；一陣……一陣……
taketurns(todosth.)輪流（做某物）It’sone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事了
[練習(xí)]用turn短語填空或翻譯句子。
1).Shewenthotandcold______________.
2).我們輪流著開車。
____________________________________________________________________________________
3).今天輪到誰發(fā)言了？
____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1).byturns2).Wedrovethecarbyturns/inturn.=Wetookturnstodrivethecar.
3).Whoseturnisittogiveaspeechtoday?

4.prevent...from=stop...from=keep....from使……不做事；阻止……做某事
[典例]
Hisbackinjurymaypreventhimfromplayingintomorrow’sgame.他背部的傷可能使他參加
不了明天的比賽。
注意:prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.中的from可省,keepsb.fromdoingsth.中
from不可省略，因?yàn)閗eepsb.doingsth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被動語態(tài)中，
三者的from都不可??；當(dāng)后接sb’sdoingsth.作賓語時，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，
因?yàn)闆]有keepsb’sdoingsth.的句型。
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子或翻譯。
1).Doctorstookactionto___________________________________(防止這種疾病的蔓延).
2).OfcourseIcan’t_______yourgoingabroad.
3).警察阻止他們攜帶武器。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1).prevent/stop/keepthediseasefromspreading2).prevent/stop
3).Thepoliceprevented/stopped/keptthemfromcarryingweapons.
=Theywereprevented/stopped/keptfromcarryingweapons.

5.blockout擋?。ü饩€）
[典例]
Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.那堵墻把光線都遮住了。
[短語歸納]out短語：
breakout爆發(fā)，發(fā)生burstout大聲喊叫，突然…起來goout外出；過時；(燈)熄
putout關(guān)(燈)；撲滅；生產(chǎn)comeout出現(xiàn)，顯露；出版，結(jié)果是helpout幫助解決難題(或擺脫困境)
lookout留神；注意watchout注意；提防findout找出，查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)
pickout挑出，辨認(rèn)出，分辨出speakout大聲地說，大膽地說thinkout仔細(xì)思考某事；想出（主意等）
hangout掛出，閑逛knockedout(拳擊中)擊倒，打昏sellout售完(某種貨物)，脫銷
turnout結(jié)果證明是runout(of)用完，耗盡checkout結(jié)帳離去，辦妥手續(xù)離去
handout分發(fā)，散發(fā)giveout分發(fā)；用完，消耗盡；發(fā)出(光、聲音等)
[練習(xí)]用out短語填空。
1).Attheendoftheracehislegs______________andhecollapsedontheground.
2).It’seasyto_______him_______inacrowdbecauseheisverytall.
3).Hisnwebookwill______________nextmonth.
4).Wethoughtitwasgoingtorain;it______________tobeafindday.
5).We______________of/fromourhotelat5a.m.tocatcha7a.m.flight.
Keys:1).gaveout2).pick;out3).comeout4).turnedout5).checkedout

6.beoff=setoff出發(fā)；動身；不用上班/學(xué)/開張
[典例]
Thenwewereoff.隨后我們就啟程了。
[短語歸納]off短語：
getoff下車falloff從……摔下來takeoff脫下；起飛keepoff遠(yuǎn)離
turnoff關(guān)閉payoff付清，還清set...off給……送行kickoff踢球
jumpoff跳下giveoff散發(fā)showoff炫耀shutoff關(guān)閉
[練習(xí)]用turn短語填空或翻譯。
1).ItisaSundayandwe______________(不用上班)today.
2).Herhusband______________onabusinesstripsomewhere.
3).Therewesawasignreading,“______________thegrass”.
4).Aftertenyearsofhardwork,shefinally______________allherdebts.
Keys:1).areoff2).wasoff3).Keepoff4).paidoff
7.breakout(災(zāi)難、戰(zhàn)爭等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)
[典例]
Firebrokeoutduringthenight.夜間突然發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。
[短語歸納]break短語：
breakawayfrom脫離（黨派）；擺脫（控制）breakdown毀掉；壞掉；(計(jì)劃/談判)失敗
breakup打碎；拆散；(會議)結(jié)束；分裂(解體)breakoff(使)停止；中斷；折斷
breakintosth.強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入某處breakone’sword/promise食言；說話不算數(shù)
[練習(xí)]用break短語填空。
1).Aterribletsunami______________inthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.
2).Whendoyou______________forChristmas?
3).Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshave______________.
4).Hishousewas______________lastweek.
Keys:1).brokeout2).breakup3).brokendown4).brokeninto

8.watchout密切注視；當(dāng)心；提防
[典例]
Watchout!There’sacarcoming.小心!汽車來了。
[重點(diǎn)用法]
watchoutforsb/sth警惕或注意某人/事物watchover保護(hù)；照看
[練習(xí)]用watch短語填空。
1).Theremusthavebeenanangel______________methatday.
2).WhatproblemsshouldI_____________________whenbuyinganoldhouse?
3).You’llbecomeanalcoholicifyoudon’t______________.
Keys:1).watchingover2).watchoutfor3).watchout

Ⅴ.重點(diǎn)句子（旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）
1.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.它(地球)巨大的爆炸噴出了烈火與巖石。最終產(chǎn)生了水蒸氣、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多種氣體，從而形成了地球的大氣層。
[解釋]“be+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)通常用來表示“按計(jì)劃或安排將要做的事情”，或表示上級對下級、父母對子女下命令，“應(yīng)該做某事”或表示某事“將必然發(fā)生”。例如：
1).Hereisamessageforyoufromyourheadteacher:youaretogotoherofficeafterclass.你的班主任給你一個口信，要你下課后到她的辦公室去。
2).Theworstisstilltocome.更糟糕的事情還會發(fā)生。
3).We’llholdameetingtomorrow.=Wearetoholdameetingtomorrow.=Ameetingistobeheldtomorrow.我們明天將開會。
4).ThetrainistoarriveinBeijingat10:25am.這趟火車將于上午10:25到達(dá)北京。
[練習(xí)]完成句子或翻譯。
1).Hereisamessageforyoufromyourheadteacher:you__________________toherofficeafterclass.(你的班主任給你一個口信，要你下課后到她的辦公室去。)
2).Theworstisstill____________(come).
3).We’llholdameetingtomorrow.
=We__________________ameetingtomorrow.=Ameetingis__________________tomorrow.
4).這趟火車將于上午10：25到達(dá)北京。
________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1).aretogo2).tocome3).aretohold;tobeheld
4).ThetrainistoarriveinBeijingat10:25am.

2.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.那使生命的生長發(fā)育成為一種可能。
[解釋]此句中的made后跟帶形式賓語it的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，其中it是形式賓語，真正賓語是不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，“forlivetobegintodevelop”，賓語補(bǔ)足語是possible。再如：Shemadeitherbusinesstofindoutwhowasresponsible.她非要弄清楚是誰的責(zé)任不可。
提示：常用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞還有think，feel，find，consider等。例如：
1).Wemakeitaruletogetupat6o’clockeverymorning.
2).Ifindithardtogetalongwithhim.
3).HefounditimpossibletoleaveGermanyfortheUSA.他發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能離開德國去美國了。
4).Ithink/find/feel/consideritmydutytohelpyou.我覺得我有責(zé)任幫助你。
[練習(xí)]完成句子或翻譯。
1).We________________________(規(guī)定)togetupat6o’clockeverymorning.
2).I__________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)很難)togetalongwithhim．
3).他發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能離開德國去美國了。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4).我覺得我有責(zé)任幫助你。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1).makeitarule2).findithard3).HefounditimpossibletoleaveGermanyfortheUSA.4).Ithink/find/feel/consideritmydutytohelpyou.

3.ButwhenItriedtostepforwardIfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步的時候，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。
[解釋]twiceas...as...“是……的兩倍”，英語常見倍數(shù)的表示句型：
1).倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as“是……的幾倍”Myroomistwiceaslargeashis.
2).倍數(shù)+adj./adv.比較級+than“比……(多/大)幾倍”Myroomistwicelargerthanhis.
3).倍數(shù)+the+表示長度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of“是……的長度/高度/寬度幾倍”Myroomistwicethesizeofhis.
注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,widthdepth等。例如：
1).Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.
=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.這把尺子是那把的三倍那么長。
2).Therearefourtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.到的學(xué)生是我們預(yù)計(jì)的五倍。
[解釋]twiceas...as...是的兩倍，英語常見倍數(shù)的表示句型：
1).倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as“是……的幾倍”Myroomistwiceaslargeashis.
2).倍數(shù)+adj./adv.比較級+than“比……(多/大)幾倍”Myroomistwicelargerthanhis.
3).倍數(shù)+the+表示長度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of“是……的長度/高度/寬度幾倍”Myroomistwicethesizeofhis.
注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,widthdepth等。
[練習(xí)]完成句子或翻譯。
1).這把尺子是那把的三倍那么長。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2).到的學(xué)生是我們預(yù)計(jì)的五倍。Thereare____________________________________weexpected.
Keys:1).Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.
=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.2).fourtimesasmanystudentsas
課文要點(diǎn)（模塊）
Ⅰ.課文詞匯填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）
根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：
Astheresultof"BigBang",theviolentearthslowlysettledintoaglobe1(move)aroundthesun.Thegasseswhichweretomaketheearths2（大氣層）cameintobeingfromtheexplosionofthedustball,withwater3(follow)themwhiletheearthcooleddown.Itallowedthebeginningforlife.Manymillionsofyears4,thefirst5(極度的)smallplantsbegantoappear6thesurfaceofthewater,7(繁殖)andfillingtheseaandoceans,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Astimepassed,greenplantstakingcarbondioxideandproducing8（氧氣）cametolandandgrewintoforest.Laterthechainsoflivescontinued,suchasinsects,amphibians,reptiles,dinosaursandmammals,thetypicalof9ishumanbeing.Theydontonlydo10totheearthbutcausedamagetoit.
答案：1.moving2.atmosphere3.following4.later5.extremely6.on7.multiplying8.oxygen9.which10.good
Ⅱ.課文大意概括（旨在訓(xùn)練用30個單詞概括大意的能力）
閱讀課文，試著用30來個單詞概括課文大意或?qū)⑾旅娴亩涛淖g成英語，
短文解釋了生命如何在地球上開始的。首先，地球爆炸和產(chǎn)生水。因?yàn)樗拇嬖?，然后植物和動物，包括人類逐漸在地球上出現(xiàn)。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Thepassageexplainshowlifebeganontheearth.Atfirst,theearthexplodedandproducedwater.Andthenplantsandanimalsincludinghumanbeingsappearedontheearthgraduallybecausewaterexistsontheearth.
Ⅲ.課文佳句背誦與仿寫（旨在培養(yǎng)對難句的理解和寫作能力）
1Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：what＋主語從句＋is…till+時間名詞＋定語從句
他要給我什么禮物一直不知，直到昨天下文他來看我是我才知道。
__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whatgifthewouldgivemewasuncertainuntilyesterdayafternoonwhenhecametoseeus.
沒人知道我們將要得到什么樣的工作，直到3年后我們從大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后才知道。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Whatjobswewillgetisunknownuntil3yearslaterwhenwewillgraduatefromuniversity.
2Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.
[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu):主語從句＋is＋that表語從句
他想告訴我們的是一天下文當(dāng)他在回家的路上看見一只小鳥受傷了。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Whathewantedtotellusisthatoneafternoonwhenhewasonhiswayhomehesawabirdwhichwasdying.
他缺席的原因是他在上學(xué)時被一輛小車撞傷了。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Whyhewasabsentisthathewasbadlyhurtbyacarwhenhewenttoschool.

3Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.
[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：which引導(dǎo)一個定語從句對上句情況的進(jìn)一步說明。
我們常?？吹接腥藖y丟亂吐，這弄得我們的環(huán)境很臟
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Weoftenseesomepeoplethrowrubbishandspiteverywhere，whichmakesourenvironmentdirty.
她的父母非常感激我們，醫(yī)生也高度評價了我們的急救，這使得我們意識到學(xué)習(xí)急救的必要性。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Herparentswereverythankfultousandthedoctorsthoughthighlyofourfirstaid,whichmadeusrealizethenecessityoflearningfirstaid.
單元自測（模塊）
1完形填空
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1—10各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
字?jǐn)?shù)：196完成時間：14分鐘難度：***
Whosaid:"IfIdidnthavebadluck,Iwouldnthaveanyluckatall！"However，notall"badluck"shouldbeconsideredasa(n)1thing.Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyou2!Inthe1920s,ErnestHemingway3somethingabout"badluck"andgotjustsuchakick.Hewas4tosucceedasawriterwhen5struck.Helostasuitcasecontainingallthemanuscripts(手稿)thathehadbeenplanningtopublish.
Hemingwaycouldntimaginedoinghisworkalloveragain.Allthosemonthsofwritingweresimply6.
Hetoldafriendabouthisbadluck,whotoldhimitwasactuallyverygood7!Heassured(向...保證)Hemingwaythatwhenherewrotethestories,hewouldforgetthe8parts;onlythebestmaterialwouldreappear.HeencouragedHemingwaytostartagain,butwithoptimismand9thistime.Hemingwaydidrewritethestoriesandeventuallybecameaworld-famouswriter.
Dontprayforfewerproblems;prayformoreability.Dontaskforsmallerchallenges;askforgreater10.Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyouforwards!
1.A.essentialB.confusingC.acceptableD.bad
2.A.backwardsB.offC.onD.forwards
3.A.learnedB.saidC.heardD.solved
4.A.waitingB.strugglingC.dreamingD.wishing
5.A.challengesB.changesC.disasterD.failure
6.A.buriedB.failedC.wastedD.undone
7.A.fortuneB.resultC.journeyD.idea
8.A.weakB.importantC.goodD.last
9.A.knowledgeB.confidenceC.imaginationD.luck
10.A.chanceB.sympathyC.wisdomD.kick
答案：
文章用海明威的例子來說明一個問題：當(dāng)生活給你一個打擊，你就借勢向前。
1.D通讀全文可知“不應(yīng)該把所有的壞運(yùn)氣都看作壞事”(它也許是推動你前進(jìn)的一次機(jī)會或者動力)。根據(jù)此意需要選D項(xiàng)
2.D根據(jù)文章最后一段可以得到提示：“Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyouforwards!”當(dāng)生活給你一個打擊，你就借勢向前。
3.A海明威通過這個“厄運(yùn)”學(xué)到了一些東西。學(xué)到了/學(xué)會了要用learn表達(dá)。
4.B從第四段最后一句“Hemingwaydidrewritethestoriesandeventuallybecameaworld-famouswriter.”可知在他丟書稿的時候他尚未成名，所以是在努力(struggling)當(dāng)中。
5.C即將出版的書稿丟了，這對尚未成名的海明威來說不啻是一次災(zāi)難(disaster)。
6.C這幾個月的辛勤勞動的成果就這樣付諸東流了(simplywasted)。
7.A他向朋友哭訴時，朋友卻認(rèn)為這是運(yùn)氣（fortune）。從下文他勸告海明威重新來寫作并且取得成功可以看出來。
8.A忘記那些不太有印象的東西，這些也是小說里不怎么重要或不精彩的(weak)部分。weak與thebest相對。
9.B朋友鼓勵他要樂觀(optimism)，要有自信心(confidence)，而confidence與optimism并列，表達(dá)相近的意思。
10.C從前一句的“Don’tprayforfewerproblems;prayformoreability.”可知不是要祈禱問題會減少，而應(yīng)該去起到自己獲得更大的能力。那么，下一句：不是祈禱少一些挑戰(zhàn)，而應(yīng)該祈禱自己具備更高的智慧(greaterwisdom)來應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn)。不是尋找一個簡單的解決途徑，而是要可能的最佳的方法。
2.語法填空
閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號為1—10的相應(yīng)位置上。
字?jǐn)?shù)：143完成時間：8分鐘難度：***
OnWednesdaymorningatelevenoclock,IwaswalkingdownMainStreet.Ihadjustparkedmycar.SuddenlyIheardtwoshots.Ithoughtthey1(come)fromthebank.Irantowardthebank.Isawaman2(come)out.Hewasshortandfat3abigmoustache.More4(importance),hehadabagofmoneyandaguninhishands!5Icoulddoanything,heranupthestreet6disappearedbehindabus.
ThatafternoonIwenttothemovies.7happened?Isawthethiefagainatthefootofthestairs!Itelephonedthepolicefromatelephonenexttotherestrooms.Thepolicearrivedin8thanfiveminutes.Theyarrestedthethiefjustashe9(buy)achocolatebarfromthecandymachine.Whatanexcitingday!Andbestofall,thebankgaveme100reward.
答案：
1．hadcome考查動詞的過去完成時態(tài)，表槍聲在我想／認(rèn)為之前發(fā)生：
2．Coming考查動詞短語seesomebodydoingsth．的結(jié)構(gòu)：
3．with介詞，"有，具有"：
4．importantlymoreimportantly表“更重要的是”：
5．Before時間狀語從句，表“在……之前”：
6．a(chǎn)ndand連接ranup...和disappeared兩個動作，表并列關(guān)系：
7．WhatWhathappened?是固定句型，表驚訝：
8.1esslessthan5minutes表“不到五分鐘”。
9．wasbuying過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)，表當(dāng)時正在買巧克力時，警察逮捕了他：
10．a(chǎn)表一份獎品：
3.信息匹配
閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
請閱讀下列某書店各書架的相關(guān)信息：
SectionA:Do-It-YourselfSection---Ontheseshelvescustomerscanfindthelatestmanualsonhowtodoeverythingfrombuildingacomputertoconstructingyourownhome.
SectionB:SportsLeisureSection--Stocksalargerangeofthelatestbooksonyourfavouritesportingteamsandevents.PickuptheperfectFathersDaypresenthere.
SectionC:HumourSection--Agreatselectionofjokebooks,funnystoriesandwonderfulreallifeadventuresthataresuretokeepthereaderlaughingfordays.
SectionD:BusinessFinance--Students,businesspeopleoranyoneinterestedintheworldofcommercearecertaintofindthebooktheyareafterhere.Wehavespecialsubsectionforinternationaltradeande-commerce.
SectionE:Biography--Findoutaboutthelivesofyourfavouritesportsstars,singers,actorsandotherfamouspeoplefromtodayandthepast.Learnwhattheyhadtogothroughtobecomesuccessfulandtheeffectithadontheirlives.
SectionF:Education--Hasahugerangeoftextbooksandsupplementarymaterialcoveringallthemajorhighschoolanduniversitysubjects.Buyersshowingtheirstudentcardsreceivea15%discountonallpurchasesfromthissection.
閱讀下列關(guān)于各書籍的信息，匹配書籍與其所應(yīng)放置的書架：
1.TheDelightedEye--byProf.JohnNash--The1994NobelPrizeWinnerforEconomics,whoseideashaveinfluencedagenerationoftheworldsgreatesteconomicminds,tellshislifestory:growingupinasmalltowninAmerica,becomingoneofAmericasmostinfluentialmathematiciansandhisbattleswithmentalillness.
2.MotherTongue:TheEnglishLanguage--byBillBryson--BrysonsbookisajourneythroughthehistoryanddifferentaspectsoftheEnglishlanguage,onethatisbothinformativeandhugelyentertaining.AswithmostofBrysonsbooks,funcomesbeforefactsandreaderswillbeleftwithasmileontheirfaces.
3.IntoThinAir--byJohnKrakauer--isarivetingfirst-handaccountofadisastrousracetothetopofMountEverest.InMarch1996,"Outside"magazinesentveteranjournalistandexperiencedclimberJohnKrakauertojointheteamledbythefamousEverestguideRobHall.DespitetheexpertiseofHallandtheotherleaders,bytheendoftheraceeightpeopleweredead.
4.ReadyMade:HowtoMake(Almost)Everything--byShoshenaBergerandGraceHawthorne--beautifullywrittenwithgreatfactualinformation.Thethemebehindthisbookisre-use,re-claim,re-cycleandtherearemanydetailedeasy-to-doprojectsforthereadertotrysuchasmakingaphotoframefromabookcoverorapotforyourplantsfromplasticshoppingbags.
5.TheSmartestGuysintheRoom:TheAmazingRiseandScandalousFallofEnron--byBethanyMcLeanandPeterElkind--AsthetitlesuggeststheauthorscovertheriseoftheAmericanelectricitycompanytobecomeoneofthe10richestcompaniesintheworldanditsspectacularfallintodishonourandbankruptcy.Aperfectguideonwhatnottodoinbusiness.
答案：
1.E"Biography"對應(yīng)"tellhislifestory""learnwhattheyhadtogothrough"對應(yīng)"mathematiciansandhisbattleswithmentalillness"
2.C"keepthereaderlaughing"對應(yīng)"readerswillbeleftwithasmileontheirfaces"
3.B"favoritesportingteamsandevents"對應(yīng)"adisastrousracetothetopofMountEverest"
4.A"onhowtodoeverything"對應(yīng)"thethemebehindthisbookisreuse,reclaim..."
5.D"specialsubsectionforinternationaltradeande-commerce"對應(yīng)"aperfectguideonwhatnottoinbusiness"
4.讀寫任務(wù)
閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文：
Hi,IamMike!Personally,Iprefertostudyalone.Ifindstudyingalonemorechallengingandexciting.
EachtimeIcomeupwithanideaafterlongtimethinking,Ifeelagreatsenseofachievement.StudyingalonealsoallowsmetodevelopindependentthinkingwhichisaveryimportantskillIneedasIgrowolderandmustsolvetheproblemsmyselfwithoutthehelpofparentsandteachers.Ourteachersoftenencourageustostudyingroups.Ienjoymyfriendscompany,butin-groupstudy,Ifindwespendfarlesstimestudyingandmoretimeplayinggamesandhavingfun.ItisforthesereasonsthatIbelievethemosteffectivewaytolearnnewknowledgeisbystudyingalone.
[寫作內(nèi)容]
學(xué)校最近組織了一次中關(guān)學(xué)生交流活動，你參加其中的“合作學(xué)習(xí)”討論：聽完Mike的發(fā)言之后，你準(zhǔn)備寫一份發(fā)言稿，題目是“MyViewonOurStudy”，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括：
1、以約30個詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)：
2、以約120個詞談?wù)勀銓ν瑢W(xué)間是否必要合作學(xué)習(xí)的看法，并包括下面要點(diǎn)：
1)你對Mike的觀點(diǎn)的評價;
2)你贊成哪一種學(xué)習(xí)方式，合作學(xué)習(xí)還是單獨(dú)學(xué)習(xí)?
3)你以前采取什么學(xué)習(xí)方式，比較你先后采取兩種學(xué)習(xí)方式上的變化及不同結(jié)果。
[寫作要求]
1．作文中可使用自己的親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；標(biāo)題自定。
2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。
[評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]概括準(zhǔn)確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。
[寫作輔導(dǎo)]
1．寫作有可能用到的主要短語和單詞：熱情enthusiasm,合作學(xué)習(xí)studyingroups，單獨(dú)學(xué)習(xí)studyalone。
2．本文的概要必須包含以下要點(diǎn)：Iprefertostudyalone.Ifindstudyingalonemorechallenging
andexciting./IbelievethemosteffectivewaytolearnnewknowledgeisbyStudyingalone.
3．本文要注意，概要一定要根據(jù)文段的時態(tài)來寫。同時，絕對不能抄襲原文的句子。文章是談你對同學(xué)間是否必要合作學(xué)習(xí)的看法，屬于評論性文字，故多用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時態(tài)。但你以前采取何種學(xué)習(xí)方式屬于經(jīng)歷，必須使用一般過去時態(tài)。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
TheBestWaytoLearn
InMikesspeech,weknowthathelikestostudyalonebecausestudyingaloneisthemosteffective,morechallengingandexcitingwaytolearnnewknowledge.
PersonallyIlikestudyingingroups.Whenstudyingingroupswecanlearnfromeachother,shareourexperiencesinsolvingdifficultproblemsandlearnmoreinlesstime.
InthepastIseldomhadtheconfidencetodiscussstudytopicswithmyclassmates.IalsohadlittleenthusiasmforstudyingasIfounditveryboring.ButfollowingmyteachersadviceIjoinedastudygroupandtomysurprisemyperformanceinclasswasimprovedgreatly.StudyingbecamemoreenjoyableandsomethingIlookedforwardtodoing,asIwasabletolearnfromaswellashelpothers.Soforme,studyingingroupsisbyfarthemosteffectivewaytolearn.

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars（WarmingUp,

一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)時都會提前最好準(zhǔn)備，教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是老師職責(zé)的一部分。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠聽懂教師所講的內(nèi)容，幫助教師緩解教學(xué)的壓力，提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量。我們要如何寫好一份值得稱贊的教案呢？下面是由小編為大家整理的“Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars（WarmingUp,”，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

WarmingUp,Pre-readingandReading

單元教學(xué)目標(biāo)

技能目標(biāo)SkillGoals

Talkaboutthescienceofthestars,thedevelopmentoflifeandspacetravelandgravity.

Practisegivinginstructions.

Practisetalkingaboutproblemsinstudyorlife.

LearntouseNounClausesasthesubject.

Learntowriteanessaytoshowyourproblemsandthewaytoovercomethem.

II．目標(biāo)語言功

能

句

式

Talkaboutthescienceofthestars,thedevelopmentoflifeandspacetravelandgravity

Wheredowecomefrom?

Howdidtheuniversebegin?

Whyistheuniversethewayitwas?

Howwillitend?

Howmuchdoyouknowaboutuniverse?

Doyouwanttohaveaspacetravel?

Doyouknowsomethingaboutgravity?

Doyouknowsomethingaboutblackholes?

Practisegivinginstructions

Pleaselookat/listento...

Pleasecheckthat...

Youneed...

Pleasepayattentionto...

Don’tforgetto...

You’dbetter...

Makesureyou...

Watchoutfor...

Youmustn’t...

Practicetalkingaboutproblemsinstudyorlife

Myproblemis...

Thedifficultyis...

Mytroubleis...

Thequestionis...

Myadviceis...

WhatIthinkaboutitis...

Thefactis...

Mysuggestionis...詞匯

1四會詞匯

astronomy,system,religiontheoryatombillionglobeviolentcarbonatmosphereunlikefundamentalharmfulacidchainmultiplyoxygenexistthusdioxidepuzzlebiologybiologistgravitysatellitegentlephysicistclimatecrashspaceshippullfloatmass

2認(rèn)讀詞匯

astronomer,biochemistry,geophysics,solar,BigBang,vapour,nitrogen,dissolve,amphibian,reptile,generally,mammal,global,comet,IssacNewton,AlbertEinstein,StephenHawking,lessen,weightlessly,cabin,exhaust,exclaim

3詞組

solarsystem,intime,layeggs,givebirthto,inone’sturn,carbondioxide,prevent…from,blockout,cheerup,nowthat,breakout,watchout語法

NounClausesasthesubject

NounClausesasthesubjectisalsocalledtheSubjectClause.ThatmeansaNounClauseservesasSubjectinthesentence.ThewordswhichareusedinthisNounClauseare:that,whether,who,what,which,when,where,how,why,etc.

Example

1.Whatitwastobecomewasamystery.

2.Itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.

Period1Warmingupreading(1)

Teachinggoals

1.Targetlanguage

a重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語

astronomy,atmosphere,system,violent,solid,explode,carbon,dioxide,oxygen,surface,planet,harmful,development,spread,method,depend,solarsystem,intime,prevent…from,dependon

b重點(diǎn)句子

1.Whatitwastobecomewasamysteryuntilthedustbegantoslowlycombineintoaballmovingaroundthesun.P25

2.It’sexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.P25

3.Itallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgases,whichhadbecomepartoftheearth’satmosphere,intotheoceansandseas.P25

4.Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.P26

2.Abilitygoals

a.EnableSstotalkaboutthescienceofthestars,thedevelopmentoflifeandspacetravelandgravity

Wheredowecomefrom?

Howdidtheuniversebegin?

Whyistheuniversethewayitwas?

Howwillitend?

Howmuchdoyouknowaboutuniverse?

Doyouwanttohaveaspacetravel?

Doyouknowsomethingaboutgravity?

b.Understandthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions:

1.Whatwasthereontheearthbeforelifecouldbegin?

2.Whydoscientiststhinktherehasneverbeenlifeonthemoon?

3.Whydidanimalsfirstappearintheseas?

4.Whydidgreenplantshelplifetodevelop?

5.Whyweremammalsdifferentfromotheranimals?

c.EnabletheSstounderstandthedetailsaboutthepassage,choosingthecorrectansweraccordingtothetextandputtheorderofdevelopmentoflifeintoatimelineandanswerquestions.

d.Retellthepassageusingkeysentences.

3.Learningabilitygoals

EnableSslearnhowtotalkaboutthebeginningoflifeontheearth.

Teachingimportantpoints

a.Talkaboutthebeginningoflifeontheearth.

Whydidanimalsfirstappearintheseas?

Whydidgreenplantshelplifetodevelop?

b.Discusstheorderofdevelopmentoflife

Teachingdifficultpoints

a.Understandthebeginningoflifeontheearth.

b.Discussthequestions:

Whatwillourfuturebeiftheearthmaybecometoohotforthelivesonit?

Whyarehumansthecleverestanimalsontheearth?

Teachingmethods

a.Skimmingandscanning

b.Asking-and-answeringactivitytochecktheSs’understandingofthetext.

c.Individual,pairorgroupworktofinisheachtask.

d.Discussion.

Teachingaids

acomputer

Teachingprocedures

Step1quiz

SomequestionsonPPT.

Step2leadin

Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?

(Note：Accordingtothepresentdayscientificstudy,thereareonlyeightplanets,withthePlutoexcluded.)

S:TheSun,Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,andNeptune.

T:Whichplanetdoweliveon?Canyoudescribewhatitlookslike?

S:Earth.Itsupportsavarietyoflifeand70%oftheearthiscoveredwithseasoroceans.

Step3discussion

Wheredowecomefrom?Orwecansay:Whoareourancestors?
Doyouknowanyancientideaaboutthebeginningoftheuniverse?

Panguseparatestheskyfromtheearth.

Theskyandtheearthwereatfirstoneblurredentitylikeanegg.Panguwasbornintoit.Theseparationoftheskyandtheearthtook18,000years-theyangwhichwaslightandpurerosetobecomethesky,andtheyinwhichwasheavyandmurkysanktoformtheearth.BetweenthemwasPangu,whowentthroughninechangeseveryday,hiswisdom,greaterthanthatoftheskyandhisabilitygreaterthanthatoftheearth.Everydaytheskyrosetenfeethigher,theearthbecametenfeetthicker,andPangugrewtenfeettaller.Another18,000yearspassed,andtherewasanextremelyhighsky,anextremelythickearth,andanextremelytallPangu.ThencametheThreeEmperors(theEmperoroftheSky,theEmperoroftheEarth,theEmperoroftheMen.)

Sothesenumberscameintoexistenceandevolvelikethis.Thenumberbeginswithone,becomesestablishedatthree,iscompletedatfive,prospersatseven,andendsinnine.Sotheskyisninetythousandlifromtheearth.

Otherlegendsaboutthebeginningofuniverse

TheBiblicalAccount

"InthebeginningGodcreatedtheheavensandtheearth.Nowtheearthwasformlessandempty,darknesswasoverthesurfaceofthedeep,andthespiritofGodwashoveringoverthewaters.AndGodsaid...."

Day1:GodspokeandseparatedlightfromdarknesscreatingDayandNight
Day2:Godspokeandseparatedthewatercreatingskyandocean
Day3:Godspokeandcreateddryland

Day4:Godspokeandcreatedthesun,moon,andstars
Day5:Godspokeandcreatedlivingcreaturesintheairandsea
Day6:Godspokeandcreatedthelandanimalsandman
Day7:GodrestedandblessedthisdaycallingitHoly

India

Brahmahascreatedtheworldmanytimes.Thiscreationisrepeatedeveryfouragesoryugas.Therearefouryugasinoneeonorkalpa.Inthebeginningofeachkalpatheworldisawaterychaos.
AsBrahmathoughtbeingswerecreated.Thedemonswerecreatedbyawindfromhisrectum.Aftercreatingthedemonshediscardedhisbodywhichbecamenight.Heassumedanewbodyandoutofhismouthcametheshininggodsordevas.Thisbodywasalsodiscardedandbecameday.Withhisnextbodyhecreatedancestorspirits.WithhisfourthbodyBrahmacreatedhumanbeingswerecreated.Thisdiscardedbodybecamethemoon.WiththefifthbodyBrahmahadastrangethoughtandhecreatedogres,terriblecreatures,thatwantedtodevourtheprimordialseaofchaos.Inshockatwhathehaddonehethencreatedghouls,orGandharvas.Finallyheregainedhissensesandcreatedbirds,mammals,plants,andalltheotherlifethatweseetoday.

Step4appreciation

Playavideoforthestudents

Howmanytypesoflifeontheearthhaveyouseeninthevideo?Namethem.

Studentstelleverythingtheyhaveseeninthevideo.(Presentontheblackboardthenewwordsandageneralpictureofthetopicofthislesson.)

BigBanguniverseacloudofdustglobeviolentatmospherewaterplantscellsshellfishfishlandanimalsinsectsamphibiansreptilesdinosaursmammalsapes(monkeys)humans

Step5fastreading

Howdidlifedevelopthroughhistory?

Readfastandfindouttheanswers.

Acloudofdust→asolidball→presenceofwater→smallplantsgrowonthewater→shellfishandotherfishappear→plantsbegintogrowondryland→insectsandamphibiansappear→retilesappear→dinosaursappear→mammalsappear

Q:Whywasitnecessaryforplantstogrowbeforeanimals?

(Plantsprovidedoxygenforanimalstobreathe.)

Step6Retelling

SupposeyouareDr.…whostudiesastronomy.Youareinvitedtogiveaspeechtotheschoolstudentsaboutthedevelopmentoflifeon“EarthDay”(April22nd).

Goodmorning/afternoon.IamDr….Iamgreatlyhonoredtobeheretogiveyouaspeechaboutthedevelopmentoflife”.…

Homework:

1.SearchtheInternetfortheinformationofthedevelopmentoflife.

2.Readandlearngoodwords,phrasesorstructuresfromReading.

Period2reading(2)

Step1Scanning

1What’sthestyleofthetext?

2What’sthemainideaofthetext?

Step2skimming

Findoutthemainideaofeachpara.

Step3carefulreading

1Whatwasthereontheearthbeforelifecouldbegin?

2.Whydoscientiststhinktherehasneverbeenlifeonthemoon?

3.Whydidanimalsfirstappearintheseas?

4.Whydidgreenplantshelplifetodevelop?

5.Whyweremammalsdifferentfromotheranimals?

Finishoffthechart.

1smallplantsinwater

2

3greenplantsonland

4insects(onland)5

6forests

789

2.shellfishandallsortsoffish5.amphibian(onlandandinwater)

7.reptiles(onland)8.dinosaurs(onland)9.mammals(onland)

T:That’sallforthispassage.Nowlet’sdealwithsomelanguagepoints.

Step4consolidation

TorF

1.Theearthwasacloudofdustbeforeitcombinedintoaballaroundthesun.

2.Thewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenformedtheearth’satmosphere.

3.Thecomingofsmallplantsgrowinginthewatermadetheearthdifferent.

4.Landanimalsappearedbeforethegreenplantsonland.

5.Dinosaursproducedtheiryoungbylayingeggs.

6.Theearthmaybecometoohotiftoomuchcarbondioxidewasputintotheatmosphere.

Step5Retelling

Retellthetextusingabout100words.

Notes:Usethetwoquestionsandthecharttoretellthepassage;

Thepossibleversionbelowcanbeusedasamaterialforbothretellinganddictation.

Retelling:

Theexplosionoftheearthproducedwatervapor,whichturnedintowaterwhentheearthcooleddown.Waterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesintotheoceansandseas.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.Thearrivalofsmallplantsencouragedthedevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Manymillionsofyearslaterthefirstgreenplantsbegantoappearonland.Laterlandanimalsappeared.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthesea.Whentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Later,dinosaursdeveloped.Theybecamethemostimportantanimalsontheearthformillionsofyears.Aftertheydisappeared,mammalsbecamemoreimportant.Theywerethelastgroupofanimalsandtheyweredifferentbecausetheyproducedtheiryoungfromwithintheirbodies.Smallcleveranimals,withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Astimewentby,theycoveredtheearthandhavebecomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.

Step6discussion

1.Whatshouldwedowiththeglobalwarmingproblem?

Suppose:someofyouareofficialsofthegovernment/someofyouareordinarypeople

2.Supposeyouwereanexpertofastronomy,andnowyouandyourworkmatesarepreparingforameetingwhosetopicisthebeginningandtheprospect(展望)ofthelife/humanbeingontheearth.Workinyourgroup,andtrytodevelopyourspeech!

Homework

Retellthepassageaccordingtotheform..

Rememberimportantlanguagepoints.

Englishweeklypage4part2

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars(Period3　Learning

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

Period3　Learningaboutlanguage:Grammar

整體設(shè)計(jì)
教材分析
Thisisthethirdteachingperiodofthisunit.Totestwhetherstudentshavegraspedtheimportantanddifficultlanguagepointstheylearnedinthelastperiod,theteachershouldfirstofferthemsomerevisionexercises.Thenleadinthenewlesson.
Thisteachingperiodmainlydealswiththefollowing:1.Reviewingnounclausesastheobjectandasthepredicative;2.Learningthenewgrammaritems:nounclausesasthesubject.Studentsoftenfeelnounclausesabstractanddifficulttolearn,soitisnecessarytomakethelessoninterestingandlively,andconnectitwiththeirdailylifeinordertoletiteasytoacceptandunderstand.Firstly,theteachercanaskstudentstoreadthepassageHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHagain,tickoutallthesentencesfromthepassagewherenounclausesareusedasthesubject,andthentranslatethemintoChinese.Secondly,compareanddiscovertheusesofeachnounclausebygivingalotofexamplesentences.Thirdly,dotheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage29andmoreexercisesforstudentstomastertherelatednounclauses.Finally,summarizetheuseofnounclausesasthesubjectandletstudentsmakeitclearhoweachnounclauseisbeingusedinthesituations.
Attheendoftheclass,askstudentstodotheexercisesinUsingstructuresonPage64andmoreadditionalexercisesforconsolidation.
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)
Getstudentstounderstandandusenounclausesasthesubject.
教學(xué)難點(diǎn)
Enablestudentstolearnhowtousenounclausesasthesubjectcorrectly.
三維目標(biāo)
知識目標(biāo)
1.Getstudentstoknowmoreaboutnounclauses.
2.Letstudentslearnnounclausesasthesubject.
Whatitwastobecomewasamystery...
...itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.
能力目標(biāo)
Enablestudentstousenounclausesasthesubjectcorrectlyandproperlyaccordingtothecontext.
情感目標(biāo)
1.Getstudentstobecomeinterestedingrammarlearning.
2.Developstudents’senseofgroupcooperation.

教學(xué)過程
設(shè)計(jì)方案（一）
→Step1Revision
1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2.Dictatesomenewwordsandexpressions.
3.Translatethefollowingsentences.
1)你早晚會來的。
2)我的車與你的不一樣。
3)他總是第一個來,最后一個走。
4)他來不來還不清楚。
5)我們的成敗取決于是否每個人都努力工作。
6)我們必須采取措施防止這種疾病的蔓延。
Suggestedanswers:
1)Youwillcomehereintime.
2)Mycarisdifferentfromyours.
3)Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttogo.
4)Itisnotclearwhetherhecomesornot.
5)Oursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshardornot.
6)Wemusttakeactionstopreventthisdisease(from)spreading.
→Step2Preparation
Showsomesentencesonthescreen.Askstudentstoreadeachofthemandthenfindoutitssubject.
Atreehasfallenacrosstheroad.
Youareastudent.
Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.
Smokingisbadforyou.
“Howdoyoudo?”isagreeting.
Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.
Thatweshallbelateiscertain.
It’scertainthatweshallbelate.
→Step3Grammarlearning
1.Readinganddiscovering
AskstudentstoturnbacktoPage25toreadthroughthereadingpassageandfindallthesentenceswherenounclausesareusedasthesubjectandunderlinethem.ThentranslatethemintoChinese.
Suggestedanswers:
1)Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
地球會變成什么（樣子）,直到45億至38億年前這個云團(tuán)變成一個固體的球狀物,才確定下來。
2)Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.
地球變得激烈動蕩,不知道這個固體形狀是否會繼續(xù)存在下去。
3)Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.
更重要的是,隨著地球的冷卻,地球的表面就開始出現(xiàn)了水。
4)Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.
水對于生命的發(fā)展會起關(guān)鍵作用,這一點(diǎn)在當(dāng)時并不明顯。
5)Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.
很多科學(xué)家相信,由于地球上長期有水存在,使地球得以把有害氣體和酸性物質(zhì)溶解在海洋里。
6)Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.
為什么他們突然消失了,至今還是個謎。
7)Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.
所以,在未來的數(shù)百萬年中,生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個問題能否得到解決。
2.Thinkinganddiscussing
Letstudentsreadaloudthesentencestheypickedout,thinkoveranddiscusswithapartnerhoweachofthesenounclausesisbeingusedinthesituations.Ifstudentshavesomedifficulty,givethemahand.
3.Summingup:nounclausesasthesubject.
主語從句
作主語用的名詞性從句,因其在復(fù)合句中作主語,又稱主語從句。
（1）連接詞:
1)從屬連詞that,whether等。
that引導(dǎo)主語從句只起引導(dǎo)作用,本身無實(shí)際意義,在主語從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分,但不能省略。
Thatshelefthimcuthimtotheheart.
她的離開使他很傷心。
由whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在句首、句末都可。
Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay./Itisnoteasytosaywhetheritwillpleasethem.
很難說這會不會使他們高興。
2)連接代詞who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等。
Whatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.
對某些人看來很容易的事,對另外一些人可能很困難。
3)連接副詞when,where,how,why等。
Whyhediditremainsamystery.
他為什么做那件事依然是個謎。
（2）位置
主語從句可以前置,也可以后置。用it作形式主語,而把主語從句放在句末,常用下面幾種句型:
1)It+be+表語+主語從句
Itisstilluncertainwhetherheiscomingornot.
他是不是來還沒有確定。
2)It+不及物動詞+主語從句
Ithappensthattheywereabsent.
他們碰巧缺席了。
3)It+及物動詞（被動語態(tài)）+主語從句
IthasbeendecidedthattheexhibitionwillnotopenonSundays.
現(xiàn)經(jīng)決定展覽會星期日不開放。
注意:
1)主語從句在句首時,必須由連接詞引導(dǎo),不能省略這些連接詞;但是如果用it作形式主語,而把主語從句放在句末時,從屬連詞that可以省略。
他們相互喜愛是很自然的。
誤:Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.
正:Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.
正:Itisnatural(that)theyshouldlikeeachother.
2)如果主語從句放在句首,不能用if引導(dǎo);但是如果用it作形式主語,而把主語從句放在句末時,也可以用if引導(dǎo)。
瑪麗是不是真聽見他了,很值得懷疑。
誤:IfMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.
正:WhetherMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.
正:Itwasdoubtfulwhether/ifMaryreallyheardhim.
→Step4Grammarpractice
1.TurntoPage29.AskstudentstodoExercise2andExercise3inDiscoveringusefulstructures.Firstletthemfinishthemindividually.Thenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.Givesomeexplanationsifnecessary.
2.TurntoPage64.AskstudentstodoExercise1andExercise2.Checktheanswersaftermostofthemfinish.
→Step5Discussion
Letstudentshaveadiscussioningroups.Thetopicis“Myproblem”.Onetalksabouttheproblemsinhisstudyorlife.Theothersshouldgivesomeadviceorsuggestions.Remindstudentstousethefollowingstructures:
(Showthefollowingonthescreentohelpstudents.)
Thefactis/Itisafactthat...
Thedifficultyis.../WhatIfinddifficultis...
Thetroubleis.../Whatworriesmeis...
Mysuggestionis.../WhatIwouldsuggestis...
Myadviceis.../WhatIwouldadviseis...
Ithinkthat.../WhatIthinkis...
Iwanttotellyouthat.../WhatIwanttosayis...
→Step6Closingdownbyaquiz
Showthefollowingexercisesonthescreen.Letstudentsfinishthemwithinthreeminutes.Threeminuteslater,checktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
1.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter______________thatI’mtalkingto.
A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom
2.Itisprettywellunderstood______________controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.
A.that
B.when
C.what
D.how
3.______________madetheschoolproudwas______________morethan90％ofstudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.
A.What;because
B.What;that
C.That;what
D.That;because
4.______________teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionship.
A.Nomatterwhat
B.Nomatterwhich
C.Whatever
D.Whichever
5.______________isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.
A.As
B.That
C.This
D.It
6.______________Ican’tunderstandis______________hechangedhismind.
A.That;that
B.What;why
C.Which;how
D.That;why
Suggestedanswers:BCBDDB
→Step7Homework
1.Finishofftheworkbookexercises.
2.PreviewthereadingpassageAVISITTOTHEMOONonPage30,findthesentencesinwhichnounclausesareused,andseeifyoucanunderstandthem.
設(shè)計(jì)方案（二）
→Step1Revision
1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.
1)太陽系
2)及時;終于
3)下蛋
4)產(chǎn)生;分娩
5)輪到某人;接著
6)總有一天我會遇見他。
7)都市生活與鄉(xiāng)村生活是非常不同的。
8)他們不應(yīng)該允許在這條街上停車,街道太窄了。
9)他的心臟病痛沒能阻止他第二天去上課。
10)在未來的數(shù)百萬年中,生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個問題能否得到解決。
Suggestedanswers:
1)solarsystem
2)intime
3)layeggs
4)givebirthto
5)inone’sturn
6)I’llseehimintime.
7)Citylifeisquitedifferentfromcountrylife.
8)Theyshouldn’tallowparkinginthisstreet.It’stoonarrow.
9)Hishearttroubledidnotpreventhim(from)goingtoclassthenextday.
10)Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.
→Step2Warmingupbyagame
Letstudentsworkinpairs.Onetalksabouttheproblemsinhisstudyorlife.Theothershouldgivesomeadviceorsuggestions.Encouragethemtousewhat-clausesasthesubject.
Example:
S1:WhatIfinddifficultis.../Whatworriesmeis...
S2:WhatIwouldsuggestis.../WhatIwouldadviseis...
→Step3Discoveringusefulstructures
Askstudentstofindoutthesentencescontainingnounclausesasthesubjectinthereadingpassageandunderlinethem.ThentranslatethemintoChinese.
→Step4Learningtheuseofnounclausesasthesubject
1.AskstudentstoturntoPage92andlearnpart3TheSubjectClausebythemselves.
2.Encouragethemtoaskasmanyquestionsaspossible.Givethemexplanationsifnecessary.
3.Letthemdosomeadditionalexercises.
4.Sumup.
→Step5Practice
Askstudentstofinishthefollowingexerciseswithin10minutes.Thenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
1.Exercises2and3inDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage13.
2.Exercise1inUsingstructuresonPage64.
→Step6Consolidation
Letstudentsworkinpairstomakesentenceswithnounclausesasthesubjecttofillintheblanks.
1.What_____________________________isastronomy.
2.When_____________________________hasn’tbeendecodedyet.
3.Whether_____________________________dependsonyourbehavior.
4.How_____________________________isapersonaldecision.
5.Why_____________________________apuzzletous.
6.It’sfunnythat_____________________________.
7.Itworriesusthat_____________________________.
8.Itappearsthat_____________________________.
→Step7Homework
1.FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2.Makeuseofdifferentlearningresourcestohaveaninquirystudyofthesubjectclause,andsummarizetherulesofit.

板書設(shè)計(jì)
Unit4　Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
Grammar:nounclausesasthesubject
連接詞例句
從屬連詞:that,whetherThatshelefthimcuthimtotheheart.
Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.
連接代詞:who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whicheverWhatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.
連接副詞:when,where,how,whyWhyhediditremainsamystery.
it作形式主語
It+be+表語+主語從句Itisstilluncertainwhetherheiscomingornot.
It+不及物動詞+主語從句Ithappensthattheywereabsent.
It+及物動詞（被動語態(tài)）+主語從句IthasbeendecidedthattheexhibitionwillnotopenonSundays.
活動與探究
SupposeyouaretodesignanactivityforyourschoolonEarthDay,whichisintendedtocallonteachersandstudentstoprotecttheearth.Workingroupsandchooseareporterofyourgrouptoreportyourwork.Thefollowingpointsshouldbeincludedinthereportofyouractivity:
whattheactivityisabout;
whytheactivityisdesigned;
whenandwheretodotheactivity;
whotakespartintheactivity;
whattobedoneintheactivity.

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars（Listening,Speaki

Listening,SpeakingandWriting

Listening

Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標(biāo)

1Targetlanguage目標(biāo)語言

a重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語

gravity,bychance

b重點(diǎn)句子

Iheardabouthowtheideaofgravityhasdevelopedoveralongperiodoftime.Pickouttheinformationanddrawlinesfromthelisttowherethethingsareonthesuitoftheastronaut.2Abilitygoals能力目標(biāo)

EnabletheSstounderstandthedifferentideasaboutgravity.EnabletheSstohaveagoodunderstandingoftheforceofgravityinordertoenjoythestoriesfullyandtobecomemoreinvolvedandexcitedaboutstudyingspaceandthestars.3.Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標(biāo)

EnabletheSstoappreciatethatthesciencefictionstoriesareimaginarybutbasedonfact.Teachingimportantpoints教學(xué)重點(diǎn)

Listentothematerialaboutthedetailedinformationaboutdifferentscientistsandtheirideas.Completetheform,makeTrueorFalsejudgmentandanswerquestions.Teachingdifficultpoints教學(xué)難點(diǎn)

Discusswithpartnersandhaveadebatetofindoutwaystosolvetheproblemsaboutwhataspacesuitshouldbelike.Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法

a.Discussionb.ListeningcCooperativelearningd.DebatingTeachingaids教具準(zhǔn)備ArecorderTeachingproceduresways教學(xué)過程與方式

StepI.Revision

Checkhomeworkexercise.Part3(P29):ThefactisthatIdon’tknowwhoheis.whetherhe’llcomeornot.thatmanypeopledon’tknowhowfarBeijingisfromReading,England.Yourdifficultyisthatyoudon’thaveenoughmoney.thatyoudon’tknowhowtogrowappletrees.MyproblemisthatIdon’tknowhisaddress.howlongthejourneywouldtakeus.Thequestionisthatthesnowistooheavy.whereyoucanfindarestaurant.Thetroubleishowtogetthereintime.Whetheryoucanfindataxiinsuchacoldday.Part3(P64):1.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplehavecometodependmoreandmoreonthecomputertodealwithallkindsofthings.2.Nowthatmanyproblemsexistwhichcannotbesolved,warswillprobablybreakout.3.Hegraduallygotthehangofthismethodofresearchaftermanyyears’practice.4.Thepresenceofthatfamousdirectorcheeredupallthepeopleatthemeeting.5.Weshouldfindsomewaystopreventtheharmfulgasfromspreading.6.Heisalreadyexhausted.Weshouldlessenhispaininsteadofdisappointinghim.StepII.Listening(Usinglanguage)

1.TheSswillheardifferentideasaboutgravityofthreescientists,andthenfillintheblanks.T:HaveyouheardofIsaacNewton?Howmuchdoyouknowabouthim?S1:He’sEnglish.

S2:Hesetupanideawhichiscalled“gravity”.T:What’shisideaabout?

S3:Gravitymadeeverythingfallbacktotheearth.T:HaveyouheardofAlbertEinstein?

S4:Yes.He’saJew.Andhe’sfamousforhisTheoryofRelativity.T:HowmuchdoyouknowStephenHawking?

S5:Sorry,notverymuch.IknowhimjustfromthepassageonPage64,Workbook..

T:Itdoesn’tmatterifyoudon’tknowthemmuch.Todaywe’llgetmoreinformationaboutthem.TurntoPage30.GothroughPart1quickly.

2.Listentothetapethreeorfourtimesandpausewhereit’snecessary.Thenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.T:Areyouready?Let’slistenforthefirsttime.Pleasepayattentiontothedate.

(Playthetape.)T:Haveyougottheanswers?

S1:Yes.IsaacNewtonlivedfrom1642to1727.AlbertEinsteinlivedfrom1879to1955.StephenHawkingwasbornin1942.

T:Let’slistentothetapeagain.Pleasepayattentiontotheidea.

(Playthetapeagain.)T:Haveyougottheanswers?S2:Yes.IsaacNewton:Everythingfallsbacktotheearthbecauseofapullcalledgravity.

S3:AlbertEinstein:Gravityisdifferentinspace.

S4:StephenHawking:Blackholeswouldeatstarsandtheymayalsopushstarsoutintospace.

T:Excellentanswers!Haveyougototherinformation?Or,Whatwastheirgravityabout?

S5:Newton’sgravityisaboutearth.S6:Einstein’sideaaboutgravitywasaboutuniverse.

S7:Hawking’sideawasaboutblackholes.T:Ithinkwe’vesolvedthisproblem.NowreadfoursentencesinPart2,decidewhichthebestideais.Ifyouarenotsure,wewilllistentothetapeforthelasttime.

(Afterplaythetape.)T:Whichoneisthebest?

S8:No.3.

T:WhyNo.3?What’swrongwiththeotherthree?

S9:Ourlisteningpassagedidn’tmentionhowthreemenmademistakes.Itonlymentionedthatotherscientistsfoundtheymademistakes.SoNo.1isnotcorrect.

S10:No.2isnottruebecausethethreescientistswantedtoexplainhowtheuniverseworkedandnothowitbegan..

S11:No.4istoogeneralanditdoesn’tgiveenoughdetails.

T:Yourexplanationsareenough.SowechooseNo.3.ThenturntoPage62,Listening.

StepIIIListening(WBP62)

1.Part1.T:Who’sYangLiwei?S1:He’sourherowhotraveledintospaceonOctober15,2003.T:What’sthenameofthespaceship?

S2:ShenzhouV.

T:Doyouknowwhateducationandexperienceyouneedtobecomeanastronaut?

S3:No.

T:OK.Nowwe’lllistentoaconversationbetweenYangLiweiandareporter.First,gothroughthesixsentencesinPart1.Nowlistentothetape.

(Afterlistening)

T:Haveyougotthat?NowreadthesentencesandtellusTrueorFalse.Ifit’snottrue,correctit.

Askstudentstoreadthemandchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.Answers:FFTTTT2.Part2.T:NowfocusyourattentiononPart2.Thenwe’lllistentothetapeagain..

Playthetapeandpausewhenthestudentsneedtowriteinformationdown.Thencollectanswers.InformationonYangLiweiTheexamshepassedExcellentdegreeand10years’trainingExperiencePilotfortheairforceofthePLAPhysicalqualitiesSmallerthan170cm,lessthan70kgPersonalqualitiesCalm,mature,hard-working3.Part3.FirstaskSstotalkabouttheanswer.IfnecessaryplaythetapeagainforSstochecktheanswer.Answers:1.There’saspecialseattothrowhimoutofthespacerocketifthingswentwrong.

Therearealsoaspecialdoorforanotherspacerockettorescuehim

2.Theanswercanbedifferent.

StepIVListeningTask(P65)

T:Doyouwanttohaveaspacewalk?

S:Yes,ofcourse..

T:Butyouknowit’sdangerous,anditneedsagreatdealofpractice.Youshouldalsowearaspacesuit.Thespacesuitneedssomeequipment.Doyouknoweachpartoftheequipment?

S:We’renotclear.

T:Nowlistentothetape.Thenyou’llgetit.

PlaythetapetwiceorthreetimestofinishPart1and2.

KeytoPart1:CKeytoPart2:1.oxygencan(ontheback)2.watersystem(thepartofthesuitcoveringthebody)3.gravityboots(onthefeet)4.leftengine(ontheleftside)5.rightengine(ontherightside)6.toolkit(onthewaist,attheback)

StepVHomework

Todaywehavelistenedtothreematerials.Afterclass,youshouldlistentothemagainandsumupwhatyouhavelearntfromthem.Forthehomework,thinkaboutaquestion:Whatneedstobeanastronaut?Speaking

Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標(biāo)

1Targetlanguage目標(biāo)語言

a重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語preparation,instruction,unexpected,asetof,payattentionto,aswellasb交際用語

Practicegivinginstructions

Pleaselookat/listento…Pleasecheckthat…Youneed…Pleasepayattentionto…Don’tforgetto…You’dbetter…Makesureyou…Watchoutfor…Youmustn’t…2Abilitygoals能力目標(biāo)

a.EnabletheSstomakealistofthingsthattheyneed.b.EnabletheSstotalkaboutgivinginstructions.c..EnabletheSstoplaydifferentrolesinaconversation.3Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標(biāo)a.LearnhowtomakealistofthingsthattheyneedbHelptheSslearnhowtotalkaboutgivinginstructionsc.EnabletheSslearnhowtoplaydifferentrolesinaconversation.Teachingimportantanddifficultpoints教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)

a.TeachtheSshowtohowtotalkaboutgivinginstructionsb.HelptheSstolearnhowtoplaydifferentrolesinaconversation.Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法

a.Pairsworkandgroupworkb.DiscussionandcooperativelearningTeachingaids教具準(zhǔn)備

1Acomputer2AprojectorTeachingproceduresways教學(xué)過程與方式

StepIRevision

AsksomeoftheSstoreadhis/herpassageaboutgravity.

Onepossiblepassage: