小學(xué)語文微課教案
發(fā)表時間：2021-01-05Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars。
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
單元要點預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點）
詞匯
部分詞語
辨析1.loudly/loud/aloud2.unlike/dislike3.remain/leave
4.climate/weather5.nowthat/since/because/as
詞形
變化1.violentadj.強暴的，猛烈的violencen.暴力，強暴；猛烈violentlyadv.強暴地；猛烈地
2.fundamentaladj.基本(礎(chǔ))的n.[pl.]基本原則(法則)fundamentallyadv.基本地；根本地fundamentn.基礎(chǔ)；根本
3.developmentn.生長，發(fā)
展；新情況developvt.發(fā)展；產(chǎn)生
vi.生長；發(fā)展developedadj.發(fā)達的developingadj.發(fā)展的
4.layvt.放下；擺設(shè)；產(chǎn)(蛋)lay---laid---laid---layinglievi.躺，平放；位于
lie---lay---lain---lyinglien.vi.謊話；說謊
lie---lied---lied---lying
5.preventvt.預(yù)防，防止preventionn.預(yù)防；阻止；妨礙preventableadj.可防止的，可預(yù)防的
6.gentleadj.和藹的；輕柔的gentlyadv.溫和地；靜靜地
7.physicsn.物理，物理學(xué)physicistn.物理學(xué)家physicaladj.身體的；物理(學(xué))的；物質(zhì)的
重點
單詞1.systemn.[c]系統(tǒng)；體系；制度；方法
2.layvt.(laid,laid,laying)把……放下；擺設(shè)；鋪(地毯)；產(chǎn)(蛋)
3.harmfuladj.有害的；傷害的
4.existvi.存在；生存
5.puzzlev.(使)迷惑；(使)苦思n.謎；難題
6.pullv.拉，拖，拔；移動n.拉，拖；拉(引)力
7.cheervt.vi.(使)高興、振奮；(對)歡呼
重點
詞組1.tobeginwith以……開始；由……作為開頭；首先
2.intime及時；最終；遲早
3.inone’sturn輪到某人；接著
4.prevent...from使……不做事；阻止……做某事
5.blockout擋?。ü饩€）
6.beoff=setoff出發(fā)；動身；不用上班/學(xué)/開張
7.breakout(災(zāi)難、戰(zhàn)爭等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)
8.watchout密切注視；當心；提防
重點句子1.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.
2.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.
3.ButwhenItriedtostepforwardIfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.
重點語法賓語從句和表語從句（見語法部分）
語言要點（模塊）
Ⅰ.詞語辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1.loudly/loud/aloud
loudlyadv響亮地，高聲地
loudadj/adv與sing,speak,talk連用
aloudadv相對默讀而言；出聲
根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~。
1).Willyoupleasespeak______?
2).ItisgoodforyoutoreadEnglish______everymorning.
3).Thebombexploded______.
4).Ishervoice______enough?
5).Actionspeaks______thanwords(事實勝于雄辯).
Keys:1).louder2).aloud3).loudly4).loud5).louder
2.unlike/dislike
unlikeprep.不像，和……不同adj.[作表語]不相似；不同
dislikevt./n.不喜愛，厭惡
根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~。
1).Agoodhotelmanagershouldknowhisregularguests’likesand______.
2).Herlatestnovelisquite______herearlierwork.
3).Ifyougoonlikethatyou’llgetyourself_______(like).
4).Iwasveryinterestedinthelecture,______manyofthestudents.
Keys:1).dislikes2).unlike3).disliked4).unlike
3.remain/leave
remainvi.仍然是；留下；剩下
常用句型：remain+n.仍然是remain+adj./adv./prep.仍然是
remain+v-ed/v-ing仍然是remaintobedone有待去做，依然要做
leavevt.剩下，忽略或未拿或未帶（某物），使或讓（某人、事物）處某狀態(tài)﹑某地等
常用句型：leavesb.sth./leavesth.tosb.給某人留下某物
leavesth(forsb)留下，交待下(某物)leavesthtosb將某物遺贈給某人
remaining/left兩者都可以作形容詞，表示“剩下的”，前者用于被修飾的名詞之前，后者用于被修飾的名詞之后。
根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~。
1).Someone______youthisnotewhileyouwereout.
2).Aftertheearthquake,little______ofthevillage.
3).Heusedthe______moneytobuyadictionary.
4).Afterbuyingthedictionary,hehadnotmuchmoney______.
5).Arrivinghome,IfoundthatI’d______mykeyintheoffice.
6).Don’tleaveher______(wait)outsideintherain.
7).Sheremained_______(change)afteralltheseyears.
8).Agreatmanythingsremain_______(do).
Keys:1).left2).remained3).remaining4).left
5).left6).waiting7).unchanged8).tobedone
4.climate/weather
climate指從長時間的范圍來看某地的平均氣候或經(jīng)常性的氣候；
weather指某地一時的天氣，如寒暖、晴雨和干濕的變化情況。
根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~。
1).Weshallgooutforapicnictomorrowifthe_______isfine.
2).Adrier_______wouldbegoodforyourhealth.
3).Icouldn’timaginewhatitwouldbeliketoliveinahot________.
4).The_______ofourcountryismild,butindividualplacesexperiencebad________.
Keys:1).weather2).climate3).climate4).climate;weather
5.nowthat/since/because/as
都可引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，語氣最強的是because，引導(dǎo)直接而明確的原因，也用來回答why的問句或用于強調(diào)句型；其次是since/nowthat，表示已知或明顯的原因，再次是as，引導(dǎo)的原因是不言而喻、顯而易見的；for引導(dǎo)的是并列分句，表推測或判斷的原因，前面有逗號隔開。
根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~。
1)._______everybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.
2)Itwas_______hewasillthathedidn’tgotoschool.
3).Itmusthaverainedlastnight,_______thegroundisallwet.
4)._______wearealone,wecanspeakfreely.
Keys:1).since/nowthat2).because3).for4).Now(that)
Ⅱ.詞性變化（旨在提供語法填空所需材料）
1.violentadj.強暴的，猛烈的violencen.暴力，強暴；猛烈violentlyadv.強暴地；猛烈地
2.fundamentaladj.基本(礎(chǔ))的n.[pl.]基本原則(法則)fundamentallyadv.基本地；根本地fundamentn.基礎(chǔ)；根本
3.developmentn.生長，發(fā)
展；新情況developvt.發(fā)展；產(chǎn)生
vi.生長；發(fā)展developedadj.發(fā)達的developingadj.發(fā)展的
4.layvt.放下；擺設(shè)；產(chǎn)(蛋)lay---laid---laid---layinglievi.躺，平放；位于
lie---lay---lain---lyinglien.vi.謊話；說謊
lie---lied---lied---lying
5.preventvt.預(yù)防，防止preventionn.預(yù)防；阻止；妨礙preventableadj.可防止的，可預(yù)防的
6.gentleadj.和藹的；輕柔的gentlyadv.溫和地；靜靜地
7.physicsn.物理，物理學(xué)physicistn.物理學(xué)家physicaladj.身體的；物理(學(xué))的；物質(zhì)的
用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當形式填空。
1).Thenaughtyboy_______(lie)tomethatthehenthat_______(lie)therejustnowhad______(lay)twoeggsthedaybefore.
2).Inmyopinion,________(prevent)ismoreimportantthantreatment.
3).SomeprogramsontheInternetarefullof________(violent)andsex.
4).Withthe________(develop)ofmodernindustry,moreandmorepollutioniscaused.
5).Chinaisa________(develop)countrybelongtothethirdworld.
6).Thereare________(fundament)differencesbetweenyourreligiousbeliefsandmine.
7).Hisambitionistobecomeagreat________(physics).
Keys:1).lied;lay;laid2).prevention3).violence4).development
5).developing6).fundamental7).physicist
Ⅲ.重點詞匯（旨在提供詞匯綜合運用材料）
1.systemn.[c]系統(tǒng)；體系；制度；方法systematicadj有系統(tǒng)的;有條理的
[典例]
1).Thesolarsystemincludesthesunanditseightplanets.太陽系包括太陽和它的八顆行星。
2).Alcoholisbadforyoursystem.喝酒對身體有害。
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子。
1).The____________(教育系統(tǒng))operatesverydifferentlyintheUSandChina.
2).Heintroducedusawell-designed____________(鐵路系統(tǒng)).
Keys:1).educationalsystem2).railwaysystem
2.layvt.(laid,laid,laying)把放下；擺設(shè)；鋪(地毯)；產(chǎn)(蛋)
[典例]
1).Helaidhishandonmyshoulder.他把手放在我的肩上。
2).Whoshouldwelaytheblameon?我們該責(zé)備誰?
[重點用法]lay短語：
layeggs下蛋l(fā)aysth.aside把某物放在一邊；積蓄（錢）
laysth.down把某物放下laytheblameonsb.責(zé)備某人
laythetable擺桌子layemphasis/stressonsth.把重點放在某事上
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~或翻譯。
1).Thebird______itseggsinotherbirds’nests.
2).Heisapoliticalleaderthat____________________(非常強調(diào))individualresponsibility.
3).He______somemoney______forrainydays.
Keys:1).lays2).laysgreatstresson3).lays/puts;aside
3.harmfuladj.有害的；傷害的harmn.vt.傷害（某人）
[典例]
Manypeopleareawareoftheharmfuleffectsofsmoking.很多人都意識到吸煙的危害。
[重點用法]
beharmfultosb./sth.對……有害doharmtosb.=dosb.harm=harmsb.對……有害；傷害……
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~或翻譯。
1).Everyoneknowsthatsmokingis______toyourhealth.
2).Inmanycases,toomuchcareforchildrenfromparentsmightevendo______totheirgrowth.
3).在陽光下看書對你的眼睛傷害很大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1).harmful2).harm3).Readinginthesundoesalotofharmtoyoureyes.=Readinginthesundoesyoureyesalotofharm.=Readinginthesunisveryharmfultoyoureyes.
4.existvi.存在；生存existencen.存在
[典例]
1).DoeslifeexistonMars?火星上有生命嗎?
2).IcanhardlyexistonthewageI’mgetting.我靠我掙的工資簡直難以餬口。
[重點用法]
exist+prep.存在于地方existonsth.靠某物生存
[練習(xí)]用exist的短語或其適當形式填空。
1).Thisplant______only______Australia.
2).Canyou____________suchalowsalary?
3).Idoubtthe______(exist)ofalien.
Keys:1).exists;in2).existonto3).existence
5.puzzlevt.vi.(使)迷惑；(使)苦思n.謎；難題puzzledadj.無法了解的；困惑的puzzlingadj.令人費解的
[典例]
1).Herreplypuzzledme.她的回答把我弄糊涂了。
2).Theirreasonfordoingitisstillapuzzletome.他們?yōu)槭颤N要做此事我仍莫名其妙。
[重點用法]
sth.puzzlessb.某事使某人迷惑/為難sb.bepuzzledbysth.某人對……感到迷惑
puzzleabout/oversth.對某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解）puzzleone’sbrain苦思苦想；絞盡腦汁
solveapuzzle解決一個難題
[練習(xí)]用puzzle的適當形式填空或翻譯。
1).Toexplainthe________(puzzle)findings,heofferstwotheories.
2).I_______(puzzle)thatIhaven’theardfromLizforsolong.
3).Shelistenedwitha_______(puzzle)expressiononherface.
4).Noonehasyetsucceededinexplainingthe_______(puzzle)ofhowlifebegan.
5).He_______(puzzle)whattodonext.
6)._____________________(使我困惑的事情)iswhyheleftthecountrywithouttellinganyone.
Keys:1).puzzling2).ampuzzled3).puzzled4).puzzle5)waspuzzled6).Whatpuzzlesme
6.pullv.拉，拖，拔；移動n.拉，拖；拉(引)力
[典例]
1).YoupushandI’llpull.你來推，我來拉。
2).Ifeltapullatmysleeveandturnedround.我覺得有人扯我的袖子，便轉(zhuǎn)過身來。
[重點用法]
pullahead(ofsb/sth)領(lǐng)先（於某人/物）pull(sb)back（使某人）退卻；撤回（某人）
pulloff(sth)（指機動車輛）駛離（道路）（至路側(cè)停車處停下）pullout(sth.)拉掉；使分離；掏出；駛離（車站）
pullon穿，戴上（襪子、手套等）pulltogether同心協(xié)力；通力合作
[練習(xí)]用pull短語的適當形式填空。
1).Iarrivedasthelasttrainwas____________.
2).He____________agunandaimedatthecriminal.
3).Solongaswe____________,there’snomountaintopwecan’tconquer.
Keys:1).pullingout2).pulledout3).pulltogether
7.cheervt.vi.(使)高興、振奮；(對)歡呼cheerfuladj.高興的cheerlessadj.不高興的
[典例]
1).ThecrowdcheeredloudlyastheQueenappeared.女王出現(xiàn)時群眾高聲歡呼。
2).Hewasgreatlycheeredbythenews.他聽到這個消息非常高興。
[重點用法]
cheersb.on為某人加油cheer(sb)up（使某人）更高興或更快活
[練習(xí)]用cheer的短語或其適當形式填空。
1).Yourvisithasgreatly______himup.
2).Thecrowd______therunners______astheystartedthelastlap.
3).Youlookasthoughyouneed______up.
Keys:1).cheered2).cheered;on3).cheering
Ⅳ.重點詞組（旨在提供詞匯綜合運用材料）
1.tobeginwith=tostartwith以……開始；由……作為開頭；首先
[典例]
Tobegin/startwith,Icouldn’tunderstandasingleword.起初，我一句也沒弄明白。
[重點用法]
begin/startwith從……開始begin/startsthwith從……開始……
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子。
1).He______hisspeech______apoem.
2).Hisspeech____________apoem.
3).__________________,petsaregoodfriendsofmanylonelypeople,especiallytheold.
Keys:1).began/started;with2).began/startedwith3).Tostart/beginwith
2.intime及時；最終；遲早
[典例]
1).Theycaughtthebusintime.他們及時趕上了汽車。
2).Ifyoukeepon,youwillsucceedintime.如果堅持下去，你們總有一天會成功的。
[短語歸納]time短語：
intimeforsth./todosth.及時；不遲innotime立刻；馬上atnotime永不……
atonetime有個時期；曾經(jīng)；一度atatime一次；每次attimes=sometimes有時
allthetime一直；始終；老是ontime按時；準時bythetime到……的時候為止
forthetimebeing暫時；暫且takeone’stime不著急；慢慢來killtime消磨時間
fromtimetotime不時地，間或manyatime常常；多次onceuponatime從前
atthesametime同時；盡管如此aheadoftime提前，提早raceagainsttime爭分奪秒
timeandagain一次又一次；重復(fù)地keeptime(鐘表)走得準keepbadtime（鐘、表）走得不準
takeone’stime慢慢來，別急haveagood/nice/hardtime(in)doingsth做某事很……
It’s(high/about)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.是做某事的時候了
[練習(xí)]用time短語填空。
1).Theysentthemailtomejust______________,beforeI1eft.
2).Williamarrivedatthetheatrejust______________fortheplaywastobeon.
3).Hurryup!Theconcertwillbegin_____________________.
4)._____________________willIgiveup.
5).Theboylaughedandcried__________________________.
6)._____________________hewasaddictedtoplayingwebgames,butnowhedevoteshimselftowriting,whichdelightshisparents.
7).Don’ttrytodoeverythingatonce;takeitabit_____________________.
8).You’llhaveyourownofficesoon,but____________________________you’llhavetoshareonewithme.
Keys:1).intime2).intime3).innotime4).Atnotime
5).atthesametime6).Atonetime7).atatime8).forthetimebeing
3.inone’sturn輪到某人；接著
[典例]
Iwillseeyou,eachinyourturn.我將要一個接著一個地看你。
[短語歸納]turn短語：
inturn輪流；一個接著一個byturns輪流；一陣……一陣……
taketurns(todosth.)輪流（做某物）It’sone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事了
[練習(xí)]用turn短語填空或翻譯句子。
1).Shewenthotandcold______________.
2).我們輪流著開車。
____________________________________________________________________________________
3).今天輪到誰發(fā)言了？
____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1).byturns2).Wedrovethecarbyturns/inturn.=Wetookturnstodrivethecar.
3).Whoseturnisittogiveaspeechtoday?
4.prevent...from=stop...from=keep....from使……不做事；阻止……做某事
[典例]
Hisbackinjurymaypreventhimfromplayingintomorrow’sgame.他背部的傷可能使他參加
不了明天的比賽。
注意:prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.中的from可省,keepsb.fromdoingsth.中
from不可省略，因為keepsb.doingsth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被動語態(tài)中，
三者的from都不可??；當后接sb’sdoingsth.作賓語時，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，
因為沒有keepsb’sdoingsth.的句型。
[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子或翻譯。
1).Doctorstookactionto___________________________________(防止這種疾病的蔓延).
2).OfcourseIcan’t_______yourgoingabroad.
3).警察阻止他們攜帶武器。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1).prevent/stop/keepthediseasefromspreading2).prevent/stop
3).Thepoliceprevented/stopped/keptthemfromcarryingweapons.
=Theywereprevented/stopped/keptfromcarryingweapons.
5.blockout擋住（光線）
[典例]
Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.那堵墻把光線都遮住了。
[短語歸納]out短語：
breakout爆發(fā)，發(fā)生burstout大聲喊叫，突然…起來goout外出；過時；(燈)熄
putout關(guān)(燈)；撲滅；生產(chǎn)comeout出現(xiàn)，顯露；出版，結(jié)果是helpout幫助解決難題(或擺脫困境)
lookout留神；注意watchout注意；提防findout找出，查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)
pickout挑出，辨認出，分辨出speakout大聲地說，大膽地說thinkout仔細思考某事；想出（主意等）
hangout掛出，閑逛knockedout(拳擊中)擊倒，打昏sellout售完(某種貨物)，脫銷
turnout結(jié)果證明是runout(of)用完，耗盡checkout結(jié)帳離去，辦妥手續(xù)離去
handout分發(fā)，散發(fā)giveout分發(fā)；用完，消耗盡；發(fā)出(光、聲音等)
[練習(xí)]用out短語填空。
1).Attheendoftheracehislegs______________andhecollapsedontheground.
2).It’seasyto_______him_______inacrowdbecauseheisverytall.
3).Hisnwebookwill______________nextmonth.
4).Wethoughtitwasgoingtorain;it______________tobeafindday.
5).We______________of/fromourhotelat5a.m.tocatcha7a.m.flight.
Keys:1).gaveout2).pick;out3).comeout4).turnedout5).checkedout
6.beoff=setoff出發(fā)；動身；不用上班/學(xué)/開張
[典例]
Thenwewereoff.隨后我們就啟程了。
[短語歸納]off短語：
getoff下車falloff從……摔下來takeoff脫下；起飛keepoff遠離
turnoff關(guān)閉payoff付清，還清set...off給……送行kickoff踢球
jumpoff跳下giveoff散發(fā)showoff炫耀shutoff關(guān)閉
[練習(xí)]用turn短語填空或翻譯。
1).ItisaSundayandwe______________(不用上班)today.
2).Herhusband______________onabusinesstripsomewhere.
3).Therewesawasignreading,“______________thegrass”.
4).Aftertenyearsofhardwork,shefinally______________allherdebts.
Keys:1).areoff2).wasoff3).Keepoff4).paidoff
7.breakout(災(zāi)難、戰(zhàn)爭等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)
[典例]
Firebrokeoutduringthenight.夜間突然發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。
[短語歸納]break短語：
breakawayfrom脫離（黨派）；擺脫（控制）breakdown毀掉；壞掉；(計劃/談判)失敗
breakup打碎；拆散；(會議)結(jié)束；分裂(解體)breakoff(使)停止；中斷；折斷
breakintosth.強行進入某處breakone’sword/promise食言；說話不算數(shù)
[練習(xí)]用break短語填空。
1).Aterribletsunami______________inthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.
2).Whendoyou______________forChristmas?
3).Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshave______________.
4).Hishousewas______________lastweek.
Keys:1).brokeout2).breakup3).brokendown4).brokeninto[趣祝福 ZFw152.coM]
8.watchout密切注視；當心；提防
[典例]
Watchout!There’sacarcoming.小心!汽車來了。
[重點用法]
watchoutforsb/sth警惕或注意某人/事物watchover保護；照看
[練習(xí)]用watch短語填空。
1).Theremusthavebeenanangel______________methatday.
2).WhatproblemsshouldI_____________________whenbuyinganoldhouse?
3).You’llbecomeanalcoholicifyoudon’t______________.
Keys:1).watchingover2).watchoutfor3).watchout
Ⅴ.重點句子（旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）
1.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.它(地球)巨大的爆炸噴出了烈火與巖石。最終產(chǎn)生了水蒸氣、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多種氣體，從而形成了地球的大氣層。
[解釋]“be+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)通常用來表示“按計劃或安排將要做的事情”，或表示上級對下級、父母對子女下命令，“應(yīng)該做某事”或表示某事“將必然發(fā)生”。例如：
1).Hereisamessageforyoufromyourheadteacher:youaretogotoherofficeafterclass.你的班主任給你一個口信，要你下課后到她的辦公室去。
2).Theworstisstilltocome.更糟糕的事情還會發(fā)生。
3).We’llholdameetingtomorrow.=Wearetoholdameetingtomorrow.=Ameetingistobeheldtomorrow.我們明天將開會。
4).ThetrainistoarriveinBeijingat10:25am.這趟火車將于上午10:25到達北京。
[練習(xí)]完成句子或翻譯。
1).Hereisamessageforyoufromyourheadteacher:you__________________toherofficeafterclass.(你的班主任給你一個口信，要你下課后到她的辦公室去。)
2).Theworstisstill____________(come).
3).We’llholdameetingtomorrow.
=We__________________ameetingtomorrow.=Ameetingis__________________tomorrow.
4).這趟火車將于上午10：25到達北京。
________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1).aretogo2).tocome3).aretohold;tobeheld
4).ThetrainistoarriveinBeijingat10:25am.
2.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.那使生命的生長發(fā)育成為一種可能。
[解釋]此句中的made后跟帶形式賓語it的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，其中it是形式賓語，真正賓語是不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，“forlivetobegintodevelop”，賓語補足語是possible。再如：Shemadeitherbusinesstofindoutwhowasresponsible.她非要弄清楚是誰的責(zé)任不可。
提示：常用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞還有think，feel，find，consider等。例如：
1).Wemakeitaruletogetupat6o’clockeverymorning.
2).Ifindithardtogetalongwithhim.
3).HefounditimpossibletoleaveGermanyfortheUSA.他發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能離開德國去美國了。
4).Ithink/find/feel/consideritmydutytohelpyou.我覺得我有責(zé)任幫助你。
[練習(xí)]完成句子或翻譯。
1).We________________________(規(guī)定)togetupat6o’clockeverymorning.
2).I__________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)很難)togetalongwithhim．
3).他發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能離開德國去美國了。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4).我覺得我有責(zé)任幫助你。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:1).makeitarule2).findithard3).HefounditimpossibletoleaveGermanyfortheUSA.4).Ithink/find/feel/consideritmydutytohelpyou.
3.ButwhenItriedtostepforwardIfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而當我試著向前邁步的時候，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠，步子的跨度竟是地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。
[解釋]twiceas...as...“是……的兩倍”，英語常見倍數(shù)的表示句型：
1).倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as“是……的幾倍”Myroomistwiceaslargeashis.
2).倍數(shù)+adj./adv.比較級+than“比……(多/大)幾倍”Myroomistwicelargerthanhis.
3).倍數(shù)+the+表示長度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of“是……的長度/高度/寬度幾倍”Myroomistwicethesizeofhis.
注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,widthdepth等。例如：
1).Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.
=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.這把尺子是那把的三倍那么長。
2).Therearefourtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.到的學(xué)生是我們預(yù)計的五倍。
[解釋]twiceas...as...是的兩倍，英語常見倍數(shù)的表示句型：
1).倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as“是……的幾倍”Myroomistwiceaslargeashis.
2).倍數(shù)+adj./adv.比較級+than“比……(多/大)幾倍”Myroomistwicelargerthanhis.
3).倍數(shù)+the+表示長度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of“是……的長度/高度/寬度幾倍”Myroomistwicethesizeofhis.
注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,widthdepth等。
[練習(xí)]完成句子或翻譯。
1).這把尺子是那把的三倍那么長。
__________________________________________________________________________________________
2).到的學(xué)生是我們預(yù)計的五倍。Thereare____________________________________weexpected.
Keys:1).Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.
=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.2).fourtimesasmanystudentsas
課文要點（模塊）
Ⅰ.課文詞匯填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）
根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：
Astheresultof"BigBang",theviolentearthslowlysettledintoaglobe1(move)aroundthesun.Thegasseswhichweretomaketheearths2（大氣層）cameintobeingfromtheexplosionofthedustball,withwater3(follow)themwhiletheearthcooleddown.Itallowedthebeginningforlife.Manymillionsofyears4,thefirst5(極度的)smallplantsbegantoappear6thesurfaceofthewater,7(繁殖)andfillingtheseaandoceans,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Astimepassed,greenplantstakingcarbondioxideandproducing8（氧氣）cametolandandgrewintoforest.Laterthechainsoflivescontinued,suchasinsects,amphibians,reptiles,dinosaursandmammals,thetypicalof9ishumanbeing.Theydontonlydo10totheearthbutcausedamagetoit.
答案：1.moving2.atmosphere3.following4.later5.extremely6.on7.multiplying8.oxygen9.which10.good
Ⅱ.課文大意概括（旨在訓(xùn)練用30個單詞概括大意的能力）
閱讀課文，試著用30來個單詞概括課文大意或?qū)⑾旅娴亩涛淖g成英語，
短文解釋了生命如何在地球上開始的。首先，地球爆炸和產(chǎn)生水。因為水的存在，然后植物和動物，包括人類逐漸在地球上出現(xiàn)。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Thepassageexplainshowlifebeganontheearth.Atfirst,theearthexplodedandproducedwater.Andthenplantsandanimalsincludinghumanbeingsappearedontheearthgraduallybecausewaterexistsontheearth.
Ⅲ.課文佳句背誦與仿寫（旨在培養(yǎng)對難句的理解和寫作能力）
1Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
[模仿要點]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：what＋主語從句＋is…till+時間名詞＋定語從句
他要給我什么禮物一直不知，直到昨天下文他來看我是我才知道。
__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whatgifthewouldgivemewasuncertainuntilyesterdayafternoonwhenhecametoseeus.
沒人知道我們將要得到什么樣的工作，直到3年后我們從大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后才知道。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Whatjobswewillgetisunknownuntil3yearslaterwhenwewillgraduatefromuniversity.
2Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.
[模仿要點]句子結(jié)構(gòu):主語從句＋is＋that表語從句
他想告訴我們的是一天下文當他在回家的路上看見一只小鳥受傷了。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Whathewantedtotellusisthatoneafternoonwhenhewasonhiswayhomehesawabirdwhichwasdying.
他缺席的原因是他在上學(xué)時被一輛小車撞傷了。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Whyhewasabsentisthathewasbadlyhurtbyacarwhenhewenttoschool.
3Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.
[模仿要點]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：which引導(dǎo)一個定語從句對上句情況的進一步說明。
我們常常看到有人亂丟亂吐，這弄得我們的環(huán)境很臟
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Weoftenseesomepeoplethrowrubbishandspiteverywhere，whichmakesourenvironmentdirty.
她的父母非常感激我們，醫(yī)生也高度評價了我們的急救，這使得我們意識到學(xué)習(xí)急救的必要性。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Herparentswereverythankfultousandthedoctorsthoughthighlyofourfirstaid,whichmadeusrealizethenecessityoflearningfirstaid.
單元自測（模塊）
1完形填空
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1—10各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
字數(shù)：196完成時間：14分鐘難度：***
Whosaid:"IfIdidnthavebadluck,Iwouldnthaveanyluckatall！"However，notall"badluck"shouldbeconsideredasa(n)1thing.Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyou2!Inthe1920s,ErnestHemingway3somethingabout"badluck"andgotjustsuchakick.Hewas4tosucceedasawriterwhen5struck.Helostasuitcasecontainingallthemanuscripts(手稿)thathehadbeenplanningtopublish.
Hemingwaycouldntimaginedoinghisworkalloveragain.Allthosemonthsofwritingweresimply6.
Hetoldafriendabouthisbadluck,whotoldhimitwasactuallyverygood7!Heassured(向...保證)Hemingwaythatwhenherewrotethestories,hewouldforgetthe8parts;onlythebestmaterialwouldreappear.HeencouragedHemingwaytostartagain,butwithoptimismand9thistime.Hemingwaydidrewritethestoriesandeventuallybecameaworld-famouswriter.
Dontprayforfewerproblems;prayformoreability.Dontaskforsmallerchallenges;askforgreater10.Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyouforwards!
1.A.essentialB.confusingC.acceptableD.bad
2.A.backwardsB.offC.onD.forwards
3.A.learnedB.saidC.heardD.solved
4.A.waitingB.strugglingC.dreamingD.wishing
5.A.challengesB.changesC.disasterD.failure
6.A.buriedB.failedC.wastedD.undone
7.A.fortuneB.resultC.journeyD.idea
8.A.weakB.importantC.goodD.last
9.A.knowledgeB.confidenceC.imaginationD.luck
10.A.chanceB.sympathyC.wisdomD.kick
答案：
文章用海明威的例子來說明一個問題：當生活給你一個打擊，你就借勢向前。
1.D通讀全文可知“不應(yīng)該把所有的壞運氣都看作壞事”(它也許是推動你前進的一次機會或者動力)。根據(jù)此意需要選D項
2.D根據(jù)文章最后一段可以得到提示：“Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyouforwards!”當生活給你一個打擊，你就借勢向前。
3.A海明威通過這個“厄運”學(xué)到了一些東西。學(xué)到了/學(xué)會了要用learn表達。
4.B從第四段最后一句“Hemingwaydidrewritethestoriesandeventuallybecameaworld-famouswriter.”可知在他丟書稿的時候他尚未成名，所以是在努力(struggling)當中。
5.C即將出版的書稿丟了，這對尚未成名的海明威來說不啻是一次災(zāi)難(disaster)。
6.C這幾個月的辛勤勞動的成果就這樣付諸東流了(simplywasted)。
7.A他向朋友哭訴時，朋友卻認為這是運氣（fortune）。從下文他勸告海明威重新來寫作并且取得成功可以看出來。
8.A忘記那些不太有印象的東西，這些也是小說里不怎么重要或不精彩的(weak)部分。weak與thebest相對。
9.B朋友鼓勵他要樂觀(optimism)，要有自信心(confidence)，而confidence與optimism并列，表達相近的意思。
10.C從前一句的“Don’tprayforfewerproblems;prayformoreability.”可知不是要祈禱問題會減少，而應(yīng)該去起到自己獲得更大的能力。那么，下一句：不是祈禱少一些挑戰(zhàn)，而應(yīng)該祈禱自己具備更高的智慧(greaterwisdom)來應(yīng)對這些挑戰(zhàn)。不是尋找一個簡單的解決途徑，而是要可能的最佳的方法。
2.語法填空
閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為1—10的相應(yīng)位置上。
字數(shù)：143完成時間：8分鐘難度：***
OnWednesdaymorningatelevenoclock,IwaswalkingdownMainStreet.Ihadjustparkedmycar.SuddenlyIheardtwoshots.Ithoughtthey1(come)fromthebank.Irantowardthebank.Isawaman2(come)out.Hewasshortandfat3abigmoustache.More4(importance),hehadabagofmoneyandaguninhishands!5Icoulddoanything,heranupthestreet6disappearedbehindabus.
ThatafternoonIwenttothemovies.7happened?Isawthethiefagainatthefootofthestairs!Itelephonedthepolicefromatelephonenexttotherestrooms.Thepolicearrivedin8thanfiveminutes.Theyarrestedthethiefjustashe9(buy)achocolatebarfromthecandymachine.Whatanexcitingday!Andbestofall,thebankgaveme100reward.
答案：
1．hadcome考查動詞的過去完成時態(tài)，表槍聲在我想／認為之前發(fā)生：
2．Coming考查動詞短語seesomebodydoingsth．的結(jié)構(gòu)：
3．with介詞，"有，具有"：
4．importantlymoreimportantly表“更重要的是”：
5．Before時間狀語從句，表“在……之前”：
6．a(chǎn)ndand連接ranup...和disappeared兩個動作，表并列關(guān)系：
7．WhatWhathappened?是固定句型，表驚訝：
8.1esslessthan5minutes表“不到五分鐘”。
9．wasbuying過去進行時態(tài)，表當時正在買巧克力時，警察逮捕了他：
10．a(chǎn)表一份獎品：
3.信息匹配
閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
請閱讀下列某書店各書架的相關(guān)信息：
SectionA:Do-It-YourselfSection---Ontheseshelvescustomerscanfindthelatestmanualsonhowtodoeverythingfrombuildingacomputertoconstructingyourownhome.
SectionB:SportsLeisureSection--Stocksalargerangeofthelatestbooksonyourfavouritesportingteamsandevents.PickuptheperfectFathersDaypresenthere.
SectionC:HumourSection--Agreatselectionofjokebooks,funnystoriesandwonderfulreallifeadventuresthataresuretokeepthereaderlaughingfordays.
SectionD:BusinessFinance--Students,businesspeopleoranyoneinterestedintheworldofcommercearecertaintofindthebooktheyareafterhere.Wehavespecialsubsectionforinternationaltradeande-commerce.
SectionE:Biography--Findoutaboutthelivesofyourfavouritesportsstars,singers,actorsandotherfamouspeoplefromtodayandthepast.Learnwhattheyhadtogothroughtobecomesuccessfulandtheeffectithadontheirlives.
SectionF:Education--Hasahugerangeoftextbooksandsupplementarymaterialcoveringallthemajorhighschoolanduniversitysubjects.Buyersshowingtheirstudentcardsreceivea15%discountonallpurchasesfromthissection.
閱讀下列關(guān)于各書籍的信息，匹配書籍與其所應(yīng)放置的書架：
1.TheDelightedEye--byProf.JohnNash--The1994NobelPrizeWinnerforEconomics,whoseideashaveinfluencedagenerationoftheworldsgreatesteconomicminds,tellshislifestory:growingupinasmalltowninAmerica,becomingoneofAmericasmostinfluentialmathematiciansandhisbattleswithmentalillness.
2.MotherTongue:TheEnglishLanguage--byBillBryson--BrysonsbookisajourneythroughthehistoryanddifferentaspectsoftheEnglishlanguage,onethatisbothinformativeandhugelyentertaining.AswithmostofBrysonsbooks,funcomesbeforefactsandreaderswillbeleftwithasmileontheirfaces.
3.IntoThinAir--byJohnKrakauer--isarivetingfirst-handaccountofadisastrousracetothetopofMountEverest.InMarch1996,"Outside"magazinesentveteranjournalistandexperiencedclimberJohnKrakauertojointheteamledbythefamousEverestguideRobHall.DespitetheexpertiseofHallandtheotherleaders,bytheendoftheraceeightpeopleweredead.
4.ReadyMade:HowtoMake(Almost)Everything--byShoshenaBergerandGraceHawthorne--beautifullywrittenwithgreatfactualinformation.Thethemebehindthisbookisre-use,re-claim,re-cycleandtherearemanydetailedeasy-to-doprojectsforthereadertotrysuchasmakingaphotoframefromabookcoverorapotforyourplantsfromplasticshoppingbags.
5.TheSmartestGuysintheRoom:TheAmazingRiseandScandalousFallofEnron--byBethanyMcLeanandPeterElkind--AsthetitlesuggeststheauthorscovertheriseoftheAmericanelectricitycompanytobecomeoneofthe10richestcompaniesintheworldanditsspectacularfallintodishonourandbankruptcy.Aperfectguideonwhatnottodoinbusiness.
答案：
1.E"Biography"對應(yīng)"tellhislifestory""learnwhattheyhadtogothrough"對應(yīng)"mathematiciansandhisbattleswithmentalillness"
2.C"keepthereaderlaughing"對應(yīng)"readerswillbeleftwithasmileontheirfaces"
3.B"favoritesportingteamsandevents"對應(yīng)"adisastrousracetothetopofMountEverest"
4.A"onhowtodoeverything"對應(yīng)"thethemebehindthisbookisreuse,reclaim..."
5.D"specialsubsectionforinternationaltradeande-commerce"對應(yīng)"aperfectguideonwhatnottoinbusiness"
4.讀寫任務(wù)
閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文：
Hi,IamMike!Personally,Iprefertostudyalone.Ifindstudyingalonemorechallengingandexciting.
EachtimeIcomeupwithanideaafterlongtimethinking,Ifeelagreatsenseofachievement.StudyingalonealsoallowsmetodevelopindependentthinkingwhichisaveryimportantskillIneedasIgrowolderandmustsolvetheproblemsmyselfwithoutthehelpofparentsandteachers.Ourteachersoftenencourageustostudyingroups.Ienjoymyfriendscompany,butin-groupstudy,Ifindwespendfarlesstimestudyingandmoretimeplayinggamesandhavingfun.ItisforthesereasonsthatIbelievethemosteffectivewaytolearnnewknowledgeisbystudyingalone.
[寫作內(nèi)容]
學(xué)校最近組織了一次中關(guān)學(xué)生交流活動，你參加其中的“合作學(xué)習(xí)”討論：聽完Mike的發(fā)言之后，你準備寫一份發(fā)言稿，題目是“MyViewonOurStudy”，內(nèi)容要點包括：
1、以約30個詞概括短文的要點：
2、以約120個詞談?wù)勀銓ν瑢W(xué)間是否必要合作學(xué)習(xí)的看法，并包括下面要點：
1)你對Mike的觀點的評價;
2)你贊成哪一種學(xué)習(xí)方式，合作學(xué)習(xí)還是單獨學(xué)習(xí)?
3)你以前采取什么學(xué)習(xí)方式，比較你先后采取兩種學(xué)習(xí)方式上的變化及不同結(jié)果。
[寫作要求]
1．作文中可使用自己的親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；標題自定。
2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱。
[評分標準]概括準確，語言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。
[寫作輔導(dǎo)]
1．寫作有可能用到的主要短語和單詞：熱情enthusiasm,合作學(xué)習(xí)studyingroups，單獨學(xué)習(xí)studyalone。
2．本文的概要必須包含以下要點：Iprefertostudyalone.Ifindstudyingalonemorechallenging
andexciting./IbelievethemosteffectivewaytolearnnewknowledgeisbyStudyingalone.
3．本文要注意，概要一定要根據(jù)文段的時態(tài)來寫。同時，絕對不能抄襲原文的句子。文章是談你對同學(xué)間是否必要合作學(xué)習(xí)的看法，屬于評論性文字，故多用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時態(tài)。但你以前采取何種學(xué)習(xí)方式屬于經(jīng)歷，必須使用一般過去時態(tài)。
________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
TheBestWaytoLearn
InMikesspeech,weknowthathelikestostudyalonebecausestudyingaloneisthemosteffective,morechallengingandexcitingwaytolearnnewknowledge.
PersonallyIlikestudyingingroups.Whenstudyingingroupswecanlearnfromeachother,shareourexperiencesinsolvingdifficultproblemsandlearnmoreinlesstime.
InthepastIseldomhadtheconfidencetodiscussstudytopicswithmyclassmates.IalsohadlittleenthusiasmforstudyingasIfounditveryboring.ButfollowingmyteachersadviceIjoinedastudygroupandtomysurprisemyperformanceinclasswasimprovedgreatly.StudyingbecamemoreenjoyableandsomethingIlookedforwardtodoing,asIwasabletolearnfromaswellashelpothers.Soforme,studyingingroupsisbyfarthemosteffectivewaytolearn.
延伸閱讀
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars（Listening,Speaki
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
Listening,SpeakingandWriting
Listening
Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標
1Targetlanguage目標語言
a重點詞匯和短語
gravity,bychance
b重點句子
Iheardabouthowtheideaofgravityhasdevelopedoveralongperiodoftime.Pickouttheinformationanddrawlinesfromthelisttowherethethingsareonthesuitoftheastronaut.2Abilitygoals能力目標
EnabletheSstounderstandthedifferentideasaboutgravity.EnabletheSstohaveagoodunderstandingoftheforceofgravityinordertoenjoythestoriesfullyandtobecomemoreinvolvedandexcitedaboutstudyingspaceandthestars.3.Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標
EnabletheSstoappreciatethatthesciencefictionstoriesareimaginarybutbasedonfact.Teachingimportantpoints教學(xué)重點
Listentothematerialaboutthedetailedinformationaboutdifferentscientistsandtheirideas.Completetheform,makeTrueorFalsejudgmentandanswerquestions.Teachingdifficultpoints教學(xué)難點
Discusswithpartnersandhaveadebatetofindoutwaystosolvetheproblemsaboutwhataspacesuitshouldbelike.Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法
a.Discussionb.ListeningcCooperativelearningd.DebatingTeachingaids教具準備ArecorderTeachingproceduresways教學(xué)過程與方式
StepI.Revision
Checkhomeworkexercise.Part3(P29):ThefactisthatIdon’tknowwhoheis.whetherhe’llcomeornot.thatmanypeopledon’tknowhowfarBeijingisfromReading,England.Yourdifficultyisthatyoudon’thaveenoughmoney.thatyoudon’tknowhowtogrowappletrees.MyproblemisthatIdon’tknowhisaddress.howlongthejourneywouldtakeus.Thequestionisthatthesnowistooheavy.whereyoucanfindarestaurant.Thetroubleishowtogetthereintime.Whetheryoucanfindataxiinsuchacoldday.Part3(P64):1.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplehavecometodependmoreandmoreonthecomputertodealwithallkindsofthings.2.Nowthatmanyproblemsexistwhichcannotbesolved,warswillprobablybreakout.3.Hegraduallygotthehangofthismethodofresearchaftermanyyears’practice.4.Thepresenceofthatfamousdirectorcheeredupallthepeopleatthemeeting.5.Weshouldfindsomewaystopreventtheharmfulgasfromspreading.6.Heisalreadyexhausted.Weshouldlessenhispaininsteadofdisappointinghim.StepII.Listening(Usinglanguage)
1.TheSswillheardifferentideasaboutgravityofthreescientists,andthenfillintheblanks.T:HaveyouheardofIsaacNewton?Howmuchdoyouknowabouthim?S1:He’sEnglish.
S2:Hesetupanideawhichiscalled“gravity”.T:What’shisideaabout?
S3:Gravitymadeeverythingfallbacktotheearth.T:HaveyouheardofAlbertEinstein?
S4:Yes.He’saJew.Andhe’sfamousforhisTheoryofRelativity.T:HowmuchdoyouknowStephenHawking?
S5:Sorry,notverymuch.IknowhimjustfromthepassageonPage64,Workbook..
T:Itdoesn’tmatterifyoudon’tknowthemmuch.Todaywe’llgetmoreinformationaboutthem.TurntoPage30.GothroughPart1quickly.
2.Listentothetapethreeorfourtimesandpausewhereit’snecessary.Thenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.T:Areyouready?Let’slistenforthefirsttime.Pleasepayattentiontothedate.
(Playthetape.)T:Haveyougottheanswers?
S1:Yes.IsaacNewtonlivedfrom1642to1727.AlbertEinsteinlivedfrom1879to1955.StephenHawkingwasbornin1942.
T:Let’slistentothetapeagain.Pleasepayattentiontotheidea.
(Playthetapeagain.)T:Haveyougottheanswers?S2:Yes.IsaacNewton:Everythingfallsbacktotheearthbecauseofapullcalledgravity.
S3:AlbertEinstein:Gravityisdifferentinspace.
S4:StephenHawking:Blackholeswouldeatstarsandtheymayalsopushstarsoutintospace.
T:Excellentanswers!Haveyougototherinformation?Or,Whatwastheirgravityabout?
S5:Newton’sgravityisaboutearth.S6:Einstein’sideaaboutgravitywasaboutuniverse.
S7:Hawking’sideawasaboutblackholes.T:Ithinkwe’vesolvedthisproblem.NowreadfoursentencesinPart2,decidewhichthebestideais.Ifyouarenotsure,wewilllistentothetapeforthelasttime.
(Afterplaythetape.)T:Whichoneisthebest?
S8:No.3.
T:WhyNo.3?What’swrongwiththeotherthree?
S9:Ourlisteningpassagedidn’tmentionhowthreemenmademistakes.Itonlymentionedthatotherscientistsfoundtheymademistakes.SoNo.1isnotcorrect.
S10:No.2isnottruebecausethethreescientistswantedtoexplainhowtheuniverseworkedandnothowitbegan..
S11:No.4istoogeneralanditdoesn’tgiveenoughdetails.
T:Yourexplanationsareenough.SowechooseNo.3.ThenturntoPage62,Listening.
StepIIIListening(WBP62)
1.Part1.T:Who’sYangLiwei?S1:He’sourherowhotraveledintospaceonOctober15,2003.T:What’sthenameofthespaceship?
S2:ShenzhouV.
T:Doyouknowwhateducationandexperienceyouneedtobecomeanastronaut?
S3:No.
T:OK.Nowwe’lllistentoaconversationbetweenYangLiweiandareporter.First,gothroughthesixsentencesinPart1.Nowlistentothetape.
(Afterlistening)
T:Haveyougotthat?NowreadthesentencesandtellusTrueorFalse.Ifit’snottrue,correctit.
Askstudentstoreadthemandchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.Answers:FFTTTT2.Part2.T:NowfocusyourattentiononPart2.Thenwe’lllistentothetapeagain..
Playthetapeandpausewhenthestudentsneedtowriteinformationdown.Thencollectanswers.InformationonYangLiweiTheexamshepassedExcellentdegreeand10years’trainingExperiencePilotfortheairforceofthePLAPhysicalqualitiesSmallerthan170cm,lessthan70kgPersonalqualitiesCalm,mature,hard-working3.Part3.FirstaskSstotalkabouttheanswer.IfnecessaryplaythetapeagainforSstochecktheanswer.Answers:1.There’saspecialseattothrowhimoutofthespacerocketifthingswentwrong.
Therearealsoaspecialdoorforanotherspacerockettorescuehim
2.Theanswercanbedifferent.
StepIVListeningTask(P65)
T:Doyouwanttohaveaspacewalk?
S:Yes,ofcourse..
T:Butyouknowit’sdangerous,anditneedsagreatdealofpractice.Youshouldalsowearaspacesuit.Thespacesuitneedssomeequipment.Doyouknoweachpartoftheequipment?
S:We’renotclear.
T:Nowlistentothetape.Thenyou’llgetit.
PlaythetapetwiceorthreetimestofinishPart1and2.
KeytoPart1:CKeytoPart2:1.oxygencan(ontheback)2.watersystem(thepartofthesuitcoveringthebody)3.gravityboots(onthefeet)4.leftengine(ontheleftside)5.rightengine(ontherightside)6.toolkit(onthewaist,attheback)
StepVHomework
Todaywehavelistenedtothreematerials.Afterclass,youshouldlistentothemagainandsumupwhatyouhavelearntfromthem.Forthehomework,thinkaboutaquestion:Whatneedstobeanastronaut?Speaking
Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標
1Targetlanguage目標語言
a重點詞匯和短語preparation,instruction,unexpected,asetof,payattentionto,aswellasb交際用語
Practicegivinginstructions
Pleaselookat/listento…Pleasecheckthat…Youneed…Pleasepayattentionto…Don’tforgetto…You’dbetter…Makesureyou…Watchoutfor…Youmustn’t…2Abilitygoals能力目標
a.EnabletheSstomakealistofthingsthattheyneed.b.EnabletheSstotalkaboutgivinginstructions.c..EnabletheSstoplaydifferentrolesinaconversation.3Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標a.LearnhowtomakealistofthingsthattheyneedbHelptheSslearnhowtotalkaboutgivinginstructionsc.EnabletheSslearnhowtoplaydifferentrolesinaconversation.Teachingimportantanddifficultpoints教學(xué)重點難點
a.TeachtheSshowtohowtotalkaboutgivinginstructionsb.HelptheSstolearnhowtoplaydifferentrolesinaconversation.Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法
a.Pairsworkandgroupworkb.DiscussionandcooperativelearningTeachingaids教具準備
1Acomputer2AprojectorTeachingproceduresways教學(xué)過程與方式
StepIRevision
AsksomeoftheSstoreadhis/herpassageaboutgravity.
Onepossiblepassage:
ThereisapopularstorythatNewtonwassittingunderanappletree,anapplefellonhishead,andhesuddenlythoughtoftheUniversalLawofGravitation.Asinallsuchlegends,thisisalmostcertainlynottrueinitsdetails,butthestorycontainselementsofwhatactuallyhappened.
WhatReallyHappenedwiththeApple?
ProbablythemorecorrectversionofthestoryisthatNewton,uponobservinganapplefallfromatree,begantothinkalongthefollowinglines:Theappleisaccelerated,sinceitsvelocitychangesfromzeroasitishangingonthetreeandmovestowardtheground.Thus,byNewtons2ndLawtheremustbeaforcethatactsontheappletocausethisacceleration.Letscallthisforce"gravity",andtheassociatedaccelerationthe"acclerationduetogravity".Thenimaginetheappletreeistwiceashigh.Again,weexpecttheappletobeacceleratedtowardtheground,sothissuggeststhatthisforcethatwecallgravityreachestothetopofthetallestappletree.SirIsaacsMostExcellentIdea
NowcameNewtonstrulybrilliantinsight:iftheforceofgravityreachestothetopofthehighesttree,mightitnotreachevenfurther;inparticular,mightitnotreachallthewaytotheorbitoftheMoon!Then,theorbitoftheMoonabouttheEarthcouldbeaconsequenceofthegravitationalforce,becausetheaccelerationduetogravitycouldchangethevelocityoftheMooninjustsuchawaythatitfollowedanorbitaroundtheearth.Thiscanbeillustratedwiththethoughtexperimentshowninthefollowingfigure.Supposewefireacannonhorizontallyfromahighmountain;theprojectilewilleventuallyfalltoearth,asindicatedbytheshortesttrajectoryinthefigure,becauseofthegravitationalforcedirectedtowardthecenteroftheEarthandtheassociatedacceleration.(Rememberthatanaccelerationisachangeinvelocityandthatvelocityisavector,soithasbothamagnitudeandadirection.Thus,anaccelerationoccursifeitherorboththemagnitudeandthedirectionofthevelocitychange.)
Butasweincreasethemuzzlevelocityforourimaginarycannon,theprojectilewilltravelfurtherandfurtherbeforereturningtoearth.Finally,Newtonreasonedthatifthecannonprojectedthecannonballwithexactlytherightvelocity,theprojectilewouldtravelcompletelyaroundtheEarth,alwaysfallinginthegravitationalfieldbutneverreachingtheEarth,whichiscurvingawayatthesameratethattheprojectilefalls.Thatis,thecannonballwouldhavebeenputintoorbitaroundtheEarth.NewtonconcludedthattheorbitoftheMoonwasofexactlythesamenature:theMooncontinuously"fell"initspatharoundtheEarthbecauseoftheaccelerationduetogravity,thusproducingitsorbit.Bysuchreasoning,NewtoncametotheconclusionthatanytwoobjectsintheUniverseexertgravitationalattractiononeachother,withtheforcehavingauniversalform:
TheconstantofproportionalityGisknownastheuniversalgravitationalconstant.Itistermeda"universalconstant"becauseitisthoughttobethesameatallplacesandalltimes,andthusuniversallycharacterizestheintrinsicstrengthofthegravitationalforce.
StepIIPresentation
T:DoyouremembertheconversationbetweenLiYanpingandProfessorWallis?
S1:Yes.
T:Weallknowthatspacewalkisdifficultanddangerous.Whatshouldanastronauttakewithhim?
S2:oxygencan.
S3:spacesuit.
S4:gravityboots.
S5:watersystem.
S6:specialfood.
S7:specialropes.T:Great!Doyouknowtheusageofthem?NowdiscussthemwithyourpartneraccordingtotheformonPage31.YoucanrefertoourlisteningmaterialonPage65.
WhenSsdiscuss.Teacherwalkaroundtheclassroomtogivethemsomehelp.StepIIISpeaking(Page31)
(Afterafewminutes.)T:Haveyoufinished?Nowspeakoneortwosentencesforeachequipmentyoushouldtake.Sa:Iwilltakewaterwithmeinmyspacesuitinordertowarmorcoolmeifit’stoocoldortoohot.
Sb:Iwilltakeoxygencanonmybackinordertohelpmebreatheoxygeninspace.Sc:I’llwearspacesuit.tcanprotectmefrommanydangers.Itcancarrymanynecessarythingsinoronit.
Sd:I’lltakespacebuggyinordertotravelonthemoon.
Se:I’lltakearopetotiemetothespaceship,orI’llflyaway.
Sf:I’lltakespecialfoodsothatIcaneateasily,becausethefoodwillfloatinspace.
Sg:I’llwearspecialsunglassesinordertoprotectmyeyes.
Sh:I’lltakespacecamerainordertotakephotos.
T:Wonderful!Anythingelse?
Si:I’llwearspacebootsinordertowalkthere.
T:Verygood.You’vedoneanexcellentjob!Doyouknowhowtofillintheformnow?
Ss:Yes.
T:Nowlookatthescreenandcheckyouranswer.
Sampleanswer:
Tokeepyoucool
Spaceshipwithwatertocoolyou
tohelpyoubreatheoxygen
Oxygentankstocarryonyourback
Clothesforexercise
spacesuit
Totravelonthemoon
Spacebuggy
Toprotectyourskin
Spacesuit
Tostopyouflyingoffintospace
Aropetotieyoutothespaceship
Tostopyourfoodfromfloatingaway
Spacefoodthatyoucaneatmoreeasily
Clothesforwalkingonthemoon
Spacesuit
Togiveshade
Sunglassesinyourspacesuithelmet
Totakephotographs
Spacecamera
StepIVTalking(Page62)
Thetaskasksthestudentstoworkinpairsandgiveafriendanumberof“does”and“don’ts”forgoingintospace.Theyneedtomakesuggestionsusingthephrasesthattheyhavebeengiventohelpthem.Whentheyhaveworkedouttheadvicetheycanwritethesuggestionsdownandreadthemouttotheclass.ShowtheusefulexpressionsPleaselookat/listento…Pleasecheckthat…Youneed…Pleasepayattentionto…Don’tforgetto…You’dbetter…Makesureyou…Watchoutfor…Youmustn’t…T:Nowdiscussitinpairs.ThenIwillasksomepairstoreadouttheirinstructions.
Sampledialogue:
S1:I’mgoingtovisitacomet.I’mleavingtomorrow.
S2:Howexciting!Pleasecheckthatyouhavegotthecorrectsortofspacesuit.Youneedthekindthatwillkeepyouwarmifit’stoocold.
S1:Ofcourse!
S2:Makesureyouknowallthesafetyrules.It’snotsafetostandonacometorgettooclose.Thereisalwaysastrongwindinspace.
S1:Iwon’tleavethespaceshipexceptthatItakephotos.
S2:Photos?Justthinkofthedustintheair.Itwillmaketakingphotosverydifficult.
S1:Well,I’lltakesomeanyway.
S2:Watchoutforthespacewind!Itcanbeverydangerous.
S1:Yes,Iknowthat.
S2:Don’tforgettowatchthetimeasyouleavetheearth.Pleasepayattentiontoeverythingyourspaceguidesays.Don’tgooffonyourown.Lookatyourtemperatureonyourspacesuitallthetime.Ifit’stoolowyouneedtowarmitupandifit’stoohighyouneedtocoolitdown.Anyway,haveagoodtrip!
S1:Thankyou.Iwill.
StepVSpeakingTask(Page67)
Thepurposeofthistaskistousetheinformationthestudentshavegainedfromthelisteningtextandreadingpassageinanewsituation.Theyaregoingtointerviewtheastronomerinourstory,LiYanping,foranewspaper.Soinpairstheneedtoworkoutsomequestionstoaskhim.Eachofthepairsneedstothinkofthreedifferentquestions.Andtrytofindtheanswers.
Questionsandanswers:
1.Whatwasthemostunexpectedthingyoufoundoutaboutblackholes?
Theblackholethrewoutmaterialaswellasateobjects.
2.Howdidyouknowyouhadgotclosetoablackhole?
Youcanseethingsdisappearintowhatappearstobeanemptyspace.That’sablackhole.3.Whatwasthemostfrighteningthingthathappenedtoyouonthisjourney?
Whenthegravityoftheblackholewaspullingustoit’smouth,andthenthespaceshipmovedroundtheholeandbegantogofasterandfasterintoit;IwasterrifiedbecauseIthoughtwewouldbeeatenbythehole.
4.Whydidyourwatchmoveslowerwhenyourspaceshipmovedaroundthehole?
I’mnotclearyet.
5.Haveyoufoundsomethingnewaboutblackholes?
Yes.Ithoughtblackholesonlyeatsomeobjects,butinfacttheyalsospitobjectsout.
StepVIHomework:
Prepareforwritingapassageaboutyourideaorhopesfortravelinginspace.
Writing
Teachinggoals教學(xué)目標
1Targetlanguage目標語言
a重點詞匯和短語explore,characteristicsb重點句子Writeashortarticleexplainingthreeproblemsyoumightmeetonthemoon..Youmayaskthefollowingquestionsaswellasworkoutsomemore.2Abilitygoals能力目標
EnabletheSstowriteanarticleaboutyourideaorhopesfortravelinginspace.
3Learningabilitygoals學(xué)能目標
HelptheSstolearnhowtowriteapassage.
Teachingimportantdifficultpoints教學(xué)重點和教學(xué)難點
TeachtheSshowtowriteanarticleaboutaspacetravel.Teachingmethods教學(xué)方法
Task-basedlearningDiscussion.Teachingaids教具準備
aprojector,acomputerTeachingproceduresways教學(xué)過程與方式
StepIWriting
Thepurposeofthiswritingisforstudentstothinkaboutwhatkindofequipmenttheywouldneedtobesafeinspace.It’sagoodopportunityforadiscussionaboutthepainsandpleasuresthatmightoccurwhentravelinginspace.Afterthediscussion,theycanwritedowntheproblemsandthewaytosolvethem.
T:Ifyouaregoingoffonaholiday,whatwillyoutake?
S1:Iwilltakeclothes,shoes,foodandmanyotherthings.
T:Butforspacetravel,youneedspecializedequipment.Whatequipmentshouldyoutake?Wehavediscussedtheminlastlesson.Whocananswerthisquestion?
S2:oxygencan,spacesuit,gravityboots,watersystem,specialfood.,specialropes,spacebuggy,sunglassesandspacecamera.
T:Wetakesomanythingswithusinordertoavoidmanydangers.Whatarethedangers?Ifyoudon’tknowmanyenough,let’swatchthefilm“Apollo”.It’safilmaboutanAmericanspacemissionthatwentwrong.Afterthat,youshouldwritedownthedangersandthewaytosolvethem.
(Watchthefilm.)Samplearticle:
IfIvisitedthemoon,Imighthavethreeproblems:howtobreathe,howtoeatandhowtomovearound.
IwouldhavetocarryallmyairwithmeifIwenttothemoon.Thisisbecausethemoonhasnoairofitsown.SoIwouldneedoxygentanksplacedonmybacksoIcouldbreatheallthetime.
IwouldhavetotakeallmyfoodwithmeifIwenttothemoon.Inthespaceship,thereisnogravitysothefoodwouldfloataround.So,IwouldmakesurethatitisspeciallymadeasspacefoodandthenIwouldbeabletoeatiteasily.
IwouldfinditdifficulttomovearoundonthemoonasIwouldweighone-sixthwhatIweighontheearth.ThismeansIwouldbouncelikeaballoonifItrytowalk.IwouldhavetolearntowalkdifferentlysothatIdon’tfallover.
IfIfollowthisadvice,IthinkIwillhaveagoodholidayonthemoon.
StepIIWritingTask
Thepurposeofthiswritingtaskisforthestudentstousetheinformationtheyhavegatheredonastronomyandtheirquestionstoeachothertowriteaninterestingandlivelynewspaperarticle.
T:HaveyoueverrememberedOct.16th,2003?
S:Yes,ofcourse..
T:Whathappenedonthatday?S:China’sfirstmannedspaceshiplandedsafelythatday.
T:It’sagreatmomentforChinaandthewholeworld.Howmanypreparationshavetheymadeforthisspacetravel?
S:Notexactly.Buttheymusthavemadefullpreparationsforthismannedspaceflight.T:DoyouadmireYangLiwei?S:Heisourhero.
T:Doyouwanttobeagreatmanlikehim?S:Ofcourse,I’mdreamingofthat.
T:You’llgetthechanceifyouworkhard..Chinahasothernewplans.Thescientistsplantoputalabintospacemannedbyscientistsforshortperiods.Theyaimtovisitthemoontolookforvaluableresourcesthereaswellastostudyitsenvironmentandgeologicalstructures.Doyouwanttobethatluckyscientist?Supposeyouarethescientistwhovisitsthemooninthefuture,pleasetellusyourplan.Forexample,youcanthinkaboutthesequestionsandwritedownyourplan.
1.Whatpreparationsshouldyoumake?
2.Whatwillyouseeduringyourspacetravel?
3.Whatwillyoudoonthemoon?
Showsamplearticle:
Goingintospace
Carryoutresearchonthemoon
I’llvisitmoonsoon.Asascientist,Ihavealwayswantedtovisititbymyself.Butit’snotaneasything.SoIshouldmakemanypreparations.FirstI’lltakeenoughexerciseinordertobestrong.ThenI’lltakeenoughandnecessaryequipmentwithme.IwillmakenotesofwhatI’llseeonthemoonbecausewe’llputalabonit.Throughexperimentsinthelab,we’llcollectvaluableresourcesandstudyitsenvironmentandgeologicalstructures.We’llalsowanttofindoutifit’sagoodplaceforhumanstoliveininthefuture.IbelieveI’llgetwhatIwanttogetfromthemoon.(Teachercansupplyotherinformationforstudents.Showthefollowingonthescreen:)
China’smannedspaceprogrammehasfourgoals:1.todevelopbasicmannedspaceflighttechnology;2.toobservetheearthandundertakeexperimentsinspace;3.tohelpdesignspacevehicles;4.toaccumulateexperienceforalargespacestationT:Supposeyouarepartofthisfutureprogramme,talkaboutwhatyou’lldo,whatyou’llseeandwhatyou’llget.
StepIIIProject
Askstudentstocollectasmuchinformationastheycanaboutthenineplanetsinoursolarsystem.Chooseoneplanetthattheywouldliketoexplore.Thenwritearesearchreport.ThereportshouldincludethefourrequirementsonPage68.
1.Onepossibleproject:
Topic:Mars
TheplanetIhavechosenisMarsbecauseit’stheclosesttotheearthandit’llbeoneofthefirstplanetsforustoexplore.It’snamedaftertheRomangodofwarbecausefromtheearthitlooksredinthesky.
Information
Position:4thplanetinoursolarsystem
Distancefromoursun:228millionkms
Diameter:halfthesizeoftheEarth
Mass:onetenththesizeofEarth
Gravity:onethirdofthatofEarth
Surfacesize:sameasdrylandofEarth
Lengthofday:halfanhourlongerthanEarthday
Timetocirclethesun:twoEarthyears
Satellites:two
Air:95%carbondioxide2%argon,3%nitrogen,verylittleoxygen
Findingsfromspacetrips
ThemostimportanttripstoMarshavebeenmadebytheUSandUSSR.TheyhavebothsentmanyspaceshipsbutnopeopletovisitMars.Theyhavediscovered:
---therearetwoseasonsonMars:awarm,dusty,southernsummerandcold,dusty-freenorthernwinter.
---nolifecanliveonMarsnow,astheairdoesn’thaveenoughoxygen
---therearesomeevidenceofearlylifewhentherewaswateronMarsthreemillionyearsago
---changesinthecolorofMarsareproducedbyduststormsonMars
---ithasanorthandasouthpolemadeoffrozencarbondioxidegas
WhatIwouldliketofindout
1.whetherthereislifeunderthesurfaceofMars
2.whetheritwouldbepossibleforpeopletoliveonMars
3.whetherthereisoilorjewelsorrocksthatwouldbeusefulforpeopleonEarth
2.Anotherproject:
Topic:Jupiter
JupiteristhefifthplanetfromtheSunandisthelargestoneinthesolarsystem.IfJupiterwerehollow,morethanonethousandEarthscouldfitinside.Italsocontainsmorematterthanalloftheotherplanetscombined.Ithasamassof1.9x1027kgandis142,800kilometers(88,736miles)acrosstheequator.Jupiterpossesses28knownsatellites,fourofwhich-Callisto,Europa,GanymedeandIo-wereobservedbyGalileoaslongagoas1610.Another12satelliteshavebeenrecentlydiscoveredandgivenprovisionaldesignatorsuntiltheyareofficiallyconfirmedandnamed.Information
JupiterStatistics
Mass(kg)
1.900e+27
Mass(Earth=1)
3.1794e+02
Equatorialradius(km)
71,492
Equatorialradius(Earth=1)
1.1209e+01
Meandensity(gm/cm^3)
1.33
MeandistancefromtheSun(km)
778,330,000
MeandistancefromtheSun(Earth=1)
5.2028
Rotationalperiod(days)
0.41354
Orbitalperiod(days)
4332.71
Meanorbitalvelocity(km/sec)
13.07
Orbitaleccentricity
0.0483
Tiltofaxis(degrees)
3.13
Orbitalinclination(degrees)
1.308
Equatorialsurfacegravity(m/sec^2)
22.88
Equatorialescapevelocity(km/sec)
59.56
Visualgeometricalbedo
0.52
Magnitude(Vo)
-2.70
Meancloudtemperature
-121°C
Atmosphericpressure(bars)
0.7
Atmosphericcomposition
Hydrogen
Helium
90%
10%
Findingsfromspacetrips
1.Thereisaringsystem,butitisveryfaintandistotallyinvisiblefromtheEarth.(Theringswerediscoveredin1979byVoyager1.)
2.Theatmosphereisverydeep,perhapscomprisingthewholeplanet,andissomewhatliketheSun.Itiscomposedmainlyofhydrogenandhelium,withsmallamountsofmethane,ammonia,watervaporandothercompounds.
3.AtgreatdepthswithinJupiter,thepressureissogreatthatthehydrogenatomsarebrokenupandtheelectronsarefreedsothattheresultingatomsconsistofbareprotons.Thisproducesastateinwhichthehydrogenbecomesmetallic.
4.Colorfullatitudinalbands,atmosphericcloudsandstormsillustrateJupitersdynamicweathersystems.Thecloudpatternschangewithinhoursordays.TheGreatRedSpotisacomplexstormmovinginacounter-clockwisedirection.
5.Auroralemissions,similartoEarthsnorthernlights,wereobservedinthepolarregionsofJupiter.WhatIwouldliketofindout
1.whetherthereislifeunderthesurfaceofJupiter
2.whetheritwouldbepossibleforpeopletoliveonJupiter
3.whetherthereisoilorjewelsorrocksthatwouldbeusefulforpeopleonEarth
StepVHomework
Sumupthewholeunit.Collectthematerialsaboutstars,spacetravelanddifferentideasaboutthebeginningoflife..
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars（Vocabularyand&nb
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars（VocabularyandUsefulExpressions）
●三維目標
1.Knowledge：
（1）Words：
crack，burst，ruin，injure，destroy，shock，last的具體用法。
（2）Phrases：
atanend，rightaway，digout的用法
（3）Sentencepatterns：
Allhopewasnotlost.（部分否定句）
2.Ability：
（1）Trainthestudents’abilitytoreaddifferentnumbersinEnglish.
（2）Learntheusageofsomedifficultwordsandexpressions.
（3）Trainthestudents’abilitytoremovethedifficultieswhilereading.
3.Emotion：
（1）Trainthestudents’abilitytocooperatewithothers.
（2）Knowthedeadlinessofanearthquakeandthesignsbeforeanearthquakeiscoming.
（3）LearnfromthebraveryofpeopleinTangshantofacetherealityandrebuildthecity.
●教學(xué)重點
（1）Trainthestudents’abilitytoreaddifferentnumbersinEnglish.
（2）Trainthestudents’abilitytocooperatewithothers.
●教學(xué)難點
（1）Theexplanationofsomedifficultwordsandexpressions.
（2）Trainthestudents’abilitytoremovethedifficultieswhilereading.
●教具準備
（1）ataperecorder
（2）aprojector
（3）theblackboard
●教學(xué)過程
Step1Greetings
Greetthewholeclassasusual.
Step2Revision
T：Inthelastperiod，welearnedsomethingabouttheterribleTangshanEarthquakein1976，whichisthedeadliestearthquakeinChina’shistory.NowIamgoingtoaskyousomequestionsbasedontheReadingpassage.
T：WhatdidpeopleinTangshanseeintheskybeforetheearthquake？
S1：Theysawbrightlightsinthesky.
T：Whatdidpeoplehear？
S2：TheyheardthesoundofplanesoutsideTangshanevenwhennoplaneswereinthesky.
T：Whatdidpeoplenoticeinthewells？
S3：Peoplenoticedthewellwallshaddeepcracks，andasmellygascameoutofthecracks.
T：Didpeoplepayanyattentiontotheseabnormalphenomena？
S4：No.Theywenttobedasusualthatnight.
T：Whendidtheearthquakebegin？
S5：At3：42inthemorningofJuly28.
T：Howmanypeoplewerekilledorinjuredinthequake？
S6：Morethan400000people.
T：Couldtheinjuredpeoplegotohospital？
S7：No，theycouldn’tbecauseallofthecity’shospitalsweregoneinthequake.
T：Werethereanyaftershocks？
S8：Yes.Laterthatafternoon，anotherbigquakeshookTangshan.Manyrescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.
T：Didthesurvivorsdenythecityandgotoliveinotherplaces？
S9：No.Theydidtherescueworkwiththehelpof150000soldierssentbythearmy.SlowlythecityofTangshanbegantobreatheagain.
T：Iamverysatisfiedwithyourwork.
Step3LearningaboutNumbers
T：MaybeyouhavealreadynoticedthattherearealotofnumbersintheReadingpassage.Toreadthemcorrectlyisveryimportant.SometimesthereisatestonnumbersinListening.
T：NowturntoPage28andlookatPart3.Matcheachwordtothenumberthathasthesamemeaning.
（AllowSsseveralminutestofinishthetask.）
T：Nowlet’scheckyouranswers.
S：A.90%ninetypercent
B.10000tenthousand
C.1000000onemillion
D.150000onehundredandfiftythousand
E.75%seventy-fivepercent
F.1/3one-third
G.500000halfamillion
H.2/3two-thirds
Step4Importantpoints
T：IntheReadingpassageofthisunit，therearesomeimportantwordsandexpressions.Iwillfirstgiveyoufiveminutestopickoutthedifficultwords，expressionsandsentencepatterns.Youmayworkwithyourpartner.
（Afterfiveminutes.）
S1：Inthefirstparagraph，“...thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.”Howcanweunderstand“burst”？
T：Ifsomethingburstsorifyouburstsit，itbreaksopenorapartsuddenlyandviolentlysothatitscontentscomeout.
e.g.Youaregoingtobursttheballoon，ifyouarenotcareful.
S2：Inthefirstparagraph，“Farmers’wivesnoticedthatthewellwallshaddeepcracksinthem.”andinthesecondparagraph“Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswide.”Dothetwo“cracks”havethesamemeaning？
T：Youareverycareful.Yes，theyhavethesamemeaning.Bothofthemarenouns.“Crack”meansaverynarrowspacebetweentwothingsortwopartsofsomething.“Crack”canalsobeaverb，meaningtobreakormakesomethingbreaksothatitgetsoneormorelinesonitssurface，asinthesentence“Inthecity，thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.”
e.g.Shefelloffherbikeandcrackedaboneinherleg.
S3：Howcanweunderstandthissentenceinthesecondparagraph“Itseemedthattheworldwasatanend.”？
T：Inordertounderstandthissentence，youhavetoknowthemeaningofthephrase“beatanend”.Itreferstoasituationinwhichsomethingisfinishedornolongerexisted.
e.g.Thelonghotsummerwasatlastatanend.
Otherexamplesare“cometoanend”，“putanendtosth.”.
T：Sonowwhocanexplainthesentenceinourtext？
S4：Letmehaveatry.Theearthquakewassoterriblethatnearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.Sopeoplethoughtitwastheendoftheworld.
T：Excellent.Andthissentenceusesexaggeration.
S5：Inthesecondparagraph，“Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.”Whydon’tweuse“ruin”insteadof“ruins”？
T：“Ruin”canbeanuncountablenoun，whichmeansasituationinwhichyouhavelostallyourmoney，yoursocialposition，orthegoodopinionthatpeoplehadaboutyou.
e.g.Withthecollapseofgrainprices，smallfarmersareonthebrinkoffinancialruin.
While“ruins”meansthepartofabuildingthatisleftaftertheresthasbeendestroyed.
e.g.theruinsofabombed-outofficeblock
S6：Inthesecondparagraph“Two-thirdsofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.”Canweuse“wound”totaketheplaceof“injure”？
T：No.Toinjuresomeonemeanscausingphysicalharmtosomeone，forexampleinanaccidentoranattack.Towoundsomeonemeansinjuringsomeone，especiallybymakingacutorholeintheirskinusingaknife，gun，etc.
e.g.（1）Oneoftheplayersinjuredhiskneeandhadtobecarriedoff.
（2）Gunmenkilledtwopeopleandwoundedsixothersinanattacktoday.
S7：Inthethirdparagraph“Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.”Canweusetheword“ruin”totaketheplaceof“destroy”？
T：No.“Destroy”meanstodamagesomethingsobadlythatitnolongerexistsorcannotberepaired.Ifyou“ruin”somethinggoodoruseful，itthenusuallyexists，butnolongerhasitsgoodqualitiesorfeatures.
e.g.（1）Theschoolwascompletelydestroyedinthebigfirelastnight.
（2）Toomuchsugarcanruinyourteeth.
S8：Inthethirdparagraph，“Peoplewereshocked.”What’sthemeaningofthesentence？
T：“Shock”heremeanstomakesomeonefeelverysurprisedandupsetandunabletobelievewhathashappened.
e.g.Themurderofsuchayoungchilddeeplyshockedthewholecommunity.
S9：Sothesentenceinourtextmeanspeopleweresurprised.
T：Yes.Butthereisaslightdifferencebetween“shock”and“surprise”.Ifsomethingis，comesas，orgivesyouashockitisunexpectedandoftenverybad.
e.g.Itcameasagreatshocktohearshewasleavinghome.
Butasurpriseissomethingthatisunexpected，butisnotnecessarilybad.
e.g.Whatanicesurprise!Ididn’teventhinkyouwereinthecountry!
S10：Inthethirdparagraph，“Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.”Whatdoestheword“l(fā)ast”meaninthissentence？Isitanadjective？
T：No，itisnotanadjectivebutaverb.“Last”heremeanstocontinueforaparticularlengthoftime.
e.g.ThehotweatherlastedforthewholemonthofJuly.
Asaverb，“l(fā)ast”couldalsomeantomanagetoremaininthesamesituation，evenwhenthisisdifficult.
e.g.Theywon’tbeabletolastmuchlongerwithoutfreshsupplies.
Theword“l(fā)ast”canalsobeusedasalinkingverb.Itmeansbeingenoughforsomeonetouse.
e.g.Weonlyhadtolastustherestofthemonth.
S11：Inthelastparagraph，“Allhopewasnotlost.”Whatisthemeaningofthissentence？
T：Thissentenceisapartialnegative.Ithasthesamemeaningwith“Notallhopewaslost.”
e.g.（1）Allthestudentsdonotagreetotheplan.
（2）Notallthestudentsagreetotheplan.
Thesetwosentencesmeansomeofthestudentsagreetotheplan，butsomedon’t.
Step5Consolidation
T：Nowaftertheexplanationsofthewords，expressionsandsentencepatterns，let’sdosomeexercises.PleaseturntoPage28andlookatPart2inLearningaboutLanguage.Completethepassagewithsomeofthewordsinthetext.
（Afterseveralminutesteacherasksoneofthestudentstoreadtheshortpassage.Correctanymistakesifthereareany.）
Step6Homework
T：Inordertomastertheusageofthesewordsandexpressions，pleasedosomerelatedexercises.FinishoffthetwopartsinUsingWordsandExpressionsonPage63.
●板書設(shè)計
Unit4Earthquakes
TheThirdPeriod
ImportantWords：
1.burst（v.）2.crack（n./v.）
3.ruin
4.injure/wound
5.destroy/ruin
6.shocked
7.last（vi.）
ImportantExpressions：
1.Itseemedthattheworldwasatanend.
2.Allhopewasnotlost.（部分否定句）
●活動與探究
Story-tellingCompetition：
Formostofhumanhistory，peoplecouldonlyimaginewhatcausedearthquakestohappen.Sostoriesweretoldtoexplainthisnaturaldisaster.AstoryfromIndiasaysthatfourverybigelephantsholeuptheearth.Theelephantsstandonthebackofabiggerturtle.Theturtlestandsonanevenbiggersnake.Whenanyofthesehugemagicalanimalsmove，theearthbeginstoshake!
1.Inpairsmakeupastorytoexplainhowanearthquakehappens.
2.Shareyourstorywithyourclassmates.
3.Choosewhichoneisthemostinteresting.Giveareason.
●備課資料
知識點歸納：
1.shake用法歸納（shake，shook，shaken）
（1）抖動，震動，常作不及物動詞，也作及物動詞。
Thehouseshookwhentheearthquakestarted.
當?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時，房子震動了。
Shewasshakingwithanger.
她氣得發(fā)抖。
Hisheavystepsshooktheroom.
他沉重的腳步使房子都震動了。
Shewasbadlyshakenbythenews.
她對這個消息大為震驚。
（2）搖動，作及物動詞
Shakethebottlebeforetakingthemedicine.
服藥前搖勻。
（3）顫動，作不及物動詞
Hishandsshookalittleashewrote.
他寫字的時候手有點發(fā)抖。
Hisvoiceshookwithemotion.
他很激動，聲音都有些顫抖了。
（4）shakeproofadj.防震的，抗震的
（5）常用短語：
①和某人握手
shakehandswithsb.
shakesb.’shand
shakesb.bythehand
Heshookhandswarmlywithme.
Heshookmyhandwarmly.
Heshookmewarmlybythehand.
他和我熱情地握了手。
②搖頭shakeone’shead
（6）辨析
shake系常用詞，指“上下來回短促而急速地搖動”。
Shakebeforetaking.
（藥瓶標簽上）服前搖勻。
tremble指“由于恐懼、悲憤、興奮等情緒或因寒冷、疲勞等引起無意識地顫抖”。
Shetrembledatthelion’sroar.
聽到獅吼，她渾身發(fā)抖。
quake可與tremble換用，但較為正式，指“強烈地顫動”。
Theearthquaked.
地震了。
quiver指“輕微而急速地顫動、搖動”。
Theleavesquiveredwiththebreeze.
樹葉隨微風(fēng)擺動。
shiver指“由于寒冷、恐懼或生病而發(fā)抖”。
Heshiveredwithcold.
他凍得發(fā)抖。
2.strike用法歸納（strike，struck，struck/stricken）
（1）打，擊，敲，常表示用力打，可以是一次或多次。
Strikewhiletheironishot.
趁熱打鐵。
hit比strike稍弱，指一次性的打或擊中。
beat指連續(xù)多次地打，也指有節(jié)奏的擊打，心臟跳動用beat。
（2）觸（礁），撞
Hisheadstruckthetableashefell.
他摔下時頭撞在了桌子上。
（3）發(fā)起進攻，襲擊
Ourtroopsstrucktheenemycampatdawn.
我們的部隊在黎明時分襲擊了敵營。
（4）擦（火柴）
Istruckamatchandheldittohiscigarette.
我擦著了一根火柴來點燃他的香煙。
（5）（鐘）敲
Ileftimmediatelytheclockstrucktwelve.
鐘一敲12下，我就離開了。
（6）（某種想法）突然出現(xiàn)，忽然想起
Itstruckmethatweoughttomakeanewplan.
我突然想起我們得制訂個新計劃了。
（7）給（人）某種印象或感覺，給人深刻的印象（常用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)）
Howdoestheplanstrikeyou？
你覺得這個計劃怎么樣？
Iwasdeeplystruckbyherbeauty.
她的美給我留下了深刻的印象。
（8）罷工
Theyarestrikingforhigherpay.
他們在為爭取高工資而罷工。
3.rise（rise，rose，risen）
（1）太陽、月亮、星星升起，出現(xiàn)
Thesunroseatseveno’clock.
太陽七點鐘升起。
（2）升高
Theriverisrisingaftertherain.
雨后河水漲了。
Priceshaverisensteadilyduringthepastdecade.
過去十年間物價一直在上漲。
（3）起床；立起；站起來
（4）晉升
rise，raise和lift辨析：
三個詞都有“升起、抬高”的意思。
lift舉起，抬起。常指將物體，尤其是重物，從地面或較低的位置抬高或舉起，是及物動詞。
Heliftedtheheavyboxforme.
他幫我提起了那個重箱子。
raise舉起，升起，抬高，提高。是及物動詞?？膳clift互換，但raise強調(diào)動作的姿勢；此外它還有把某物“豎起來”的意思。還可用在抽象的譬喻性質(zhì)的短語里。
raiseone’svoice提高嗓門
raiseprices提高價格
raiselivingstandards提高生活水平
Thenationalflagisraisedeverymorning.
每天早晨升國旗。
rise升起，上漲，站起來。是不及物動詞。常指由低而高的變化過程。
ThenextmorningIwasthefirsttorise.
第二天早上，我是第一個起床的。
4.seem用法歸納
（1）似乎，好像（vi.）
①seem+不定式的一般形式
Heseemstolikethebirthdaypresentverymuch.
他似乎很喜歡這份生日禮物。
②seem+不定式的完成形式
Weseemtohaveseenyousomewherebefore.
我們似乎在哪里見到過你。
③seem+不定式的進行形式
Severalpeopleinthecrowdseemedtobefighting.
人群中似乎有幾人正在打架。
（2）看來，似乎是（什么樣子）（link-v.）
①seem+形容詞
Thedoctorseemsverycapable.
看來這個醫(yī)生很能干。
②seem+分詞
Hisfirstmemoriesseemedconnectedwithwork.
他的第一記憶似乎與工作相連。
③seem+名詞
Itseemsapleasantcity.
看來這是一個令人愉快的城市。
④seem+介詞短語
Youseeminhighspiritstoday，Mary.
瑪麗，看來你今天興致挺高的。
（3）用于下面結(jié)構(gòu)
①Itseems/seemedthat...
Itseemsthattheyarelookingforsomething.
他們仿佛在尋找什么東西。
Itseemedtohimthathehadneverworkedsohardinhislife.
他似乎一輩子都沒有這么努力地工作過。
Itdoesn’tseemthatwecangetourmoneyback.
=Itseemsthatwecannotgetourmoneyback.
看來我們的錢弄不回來了。
②Itseems/seemedasif....
Itseemsasiftheweatherisimproving.看來天要好轉(zhuǎn)了。
③Thereseems（tobe）....
Thereseemstobenoworkforyoutodohere.
看來這兒沒有工作需要你做了。
5.injure
injure，hurt和wound辨析：
injure傷害，損害（感情），毀壞（名譽）。常指各種性質(zhì)的身體上或精神上的傷害，常用于意外受傷。是及物動詞。
IhopeIdidn’tinjureherfeelings.
我希望我沒有傷害她的感情。
Thefootballplayerwasinjuredinhisrightleg.
那位足球選手的右腿受了傷。
hurt傷害。沒有injure正式，常用于口語。可用于指大、小傷害，也可指精神上的痛苦或感情上的傷害，可用作及物或不及物動詞。
Hehurthisfootwhenjumpingoverthefence.
他在跳籬笆時傷了腳。
Hiswordshurtme.
他的話傷了我的心。
Myheadhurtsbadly.
我頭疼得厲害。
wound受傷，傷害，損害。一般指打傷、刀傷等外傷，尤指戰(zhàn)場上負傷；還可用于比喻，指精神上的創(chuàng)傷。是及物動詞。
Thesoldierswoundedinthebattleweretakencareofbythenurse.
戰(zhàn)斗中受傷的戰(zhàn)士們由護士在照料。
Hefeltwoundedinhishonour.
他覺得他的榮譽受到傷害。
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars(Period3 Learning
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
Period3 Learningaboutlanguage:Grammar
整體設(shè)計
教材分析
Thisisthethirdteachingperiodofthisunit.Totestwhetherstudentshavegraspedtheimportantanddifficultlanguagepointstheylearnedinthelastperiod,theteachershouldfirstofferthemsomerevisionexercises.Thenleadinthenewlesson.
Thisteachingperiodmainlydealswiththefollowing:1.Reviewingnounclausesastheobjectandasthepredicative;2.Learningthenewgrammaritems:nounclausesasthesubject.Studentsoftenfeelnounclausesabstractanddifficulttolearn,soitisnecessarytomakethelessoninterestingandlively,andconnectitwiththeirdailylifeinordertoletiteasytoacceptandunderstand.Firstly,theteachercanaskstudentstoreadthepassageHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHagain,tickoutallthesentencesfromthepassagewherenounclausesareusedasthesubject,andthentranslatethemintoChinese.Secondly,compareanddiscovertheusesofeachnounclausebygivingalotofexamplesentences.Thirdly,dotheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage29andmoreexercisesforstudentstomastertherelatednounclauses.Finally,summarizetheuseofnounclausesasthesubjectandletstudentsmakeitclearhoweachnounclauseisbeingusedinthesituations.
Attheendoftheclass,askstudentstodotheexercisesinUsingstructuresonPage64andmoreadditionalexercisesforconsolidation.
教學(xué)重點
Getstudentstounderstandandusenounclausesasthesubject.
教學(xué)難點
Enablestudentstolearnhowtousenounclausesasthesubjectcorrectly.
三維目標
知識目標
1.Getstudentstoknowmoreaboutnounclauses.
2.Letstudentslearnnounclausesasthesubject.
Whatitwastobecomewasamystery...
...itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.
能力目標
Enablestudentstousenounclausesasthesubjectcorrectlyandproperlyaccordingtothecontext.
情感目標
1.Getstudentstobecomeinterestedingrammarlearning.
2.Developstudents’senseofgroupcooperation.
教學(xué)過程
設(shè)計方案（一）
→Step1Revision
1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2.Dictatesomenewwordsandexpressions.
3.Translatethefollowingsentences.
1)你早晚會來的。
2)我的車與你的不一樣。
3)他總是第一個來,最后一個走。
4)他來不來還不清楚。
5)我們的成敗取決于是否每個人都努力工作。
6)我們必須采取措施防止這種疾病的蔓延。
Suggestedanswers:
1)Youwillcomehereintime.
2)Mycarisdifferentfromyours.
3)Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttogo.
4)Itisnotclearwhetherhecomesornot.
5)Oursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshardornot.
6)Wemusttakeactionstopreventthisdisease(from)spreading.
→Step2Preparation
Showsomesentencesonthescreen.Askstudentstoreadeachofthemandthenfindoutitssubject.
Atreehasfallenacrosstheroad.
Youareastudent.
Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.
Smokingisbadforyou.
“Howdoyoudo?”isagreeting.
Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.
Thatweshallbelateiscertain.
It’scertainthatweshallbelate.
→Step3Grammarlearning
1.Readinganddiscovering
AskstudentstoturnbacktoPage25toreadthroughthereadingpassageandfindallthesentenceswherenounclausesareusedasthesubjectandunderlinethem.ThentranslatethemintoChinese.
Suggestedanswers:
1)Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
地球會變成什么（樣子）,直到45億至38億年前這個云團變成一個固體的球狀物,才確定下來。
2)Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.
地球變得激烈動蕩,不知道這個固體形狀是否會繼續(xù)存在下去。
3)Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.
更重要的是,隨著地球的冷卻,地球的表面就開始出現(xiàn)了水。
4)Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.
水對于生命的發(fā)展會起關(guān)鍵作用,這一點在當時并不明顯。
5)Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.
很多科學(xué)家相信,由于地球上長期有水存在,使地球得以把有害氣體和酸性物質(zhì)溶解在海洋里。
6)Whytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.
為什么他們突然消失了,至今還是個謎。
7)Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.
所以,在未來的數(shù)百萬年中,生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個問題能否得到解決。
2.Thinkinganddiscussing
Letstudentsreadaloudthesentencestheypickedout,thinkoveranddiscusswithapartnerhoweachofthesenounclausesisbeingusedinthesituations.Ifstudentshavesomedifficulty,givethemahand.
3.Summingup:nounclausesasthesubject.
主語從句
作主語用的名詞性從句,因其在復(fù)合句中作主語,又稱主語從句。
（1）連接詞:
1)從屬連詞that,whether等。
that引導(dǎo)主語從句只起引導(dǎo)作用,本身無實際意義,在主語從句中不充當任何成分,但不能省略。
Thatshelefthimcuthimtotheheart.
她的離開使他很傷心。
由whether引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在句首、句末都可。
Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay./Itisnoteasytosaywhetheritwillpleasethem.
很難說這會不會使他們高興。
2)連接代詞who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等。
Whatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.
對某些人看來很容易的事,對另外一些人可能很困難。
3)連接副詞when,where,how,why等。
Whyhediditremainsamystery.
他為什么做那件事依然是個謎。
（2）位置
主語從句可以前置,也可以后置。用it作形式主語,而把主語從句放在句末,常用下面幾種句型:
1)It+be+表語+主語從句
Itisstilluncertainwhetherheiscomingornot.
他是不是來還沒有確定。
2)It+不及物動詞+主語從句
Ithappensthattheywereabsent.
他們碰巧缺席了。
3)It+及物動詞（被動語態(tài)）+主語從句
IthasbeendecidedthattheexhibitionwillnotopenonSundays.
現(xiàn)經(jīng)決定展覽會星期日不開放。
注意:
1)主語從句在句首時,必須由連接詞引導(dǎo),不能省略這些連接詞;但是如果用it作形式主語,而把主語從句放在句末時,從屬連詞that可以省略。
他們相互喜愛是很自然的。
誤:Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.
正:Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.
正:Itisnatural(that)theyshouldlikeeachother.
2)如果主語從句放在句首,不能用if引導(dǎo);但是如果用it作形式主語,而把主語從句放在句末時,也可以用if引導(dǎo)。
瑪麗是不是真聽見他了,很值得懷疑。
誤:IfMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.
正:WhetherMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.
正:Itwasdoubtfulwhether/ifMaryreallyheardhim.
→Step4Grammarpractice
1.TurntoPage29.AskstudentstodoExercise2andExercise3inDiscoveringusefulstructures.Firstletthemfinishthemindividually.Thenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.Givesomeexplanationsifnecessary.
2.TurntoPage64.AskstudentstodoExercise1andExercise2.Checktheanswersaftermostofthemfinish.
→Step5Discussion
Letstudentshaveadiscussioningroups.Thetopicis“Myproblem”.Onetalksabouttheproblemsinhisstudyorlife.Theothersshouldgivesomeadviceorsuggestions.Remindstudentstousethefollowingstructures:
(Showthefollowingonthescreentohelpstudents.)
Thefactis/Itisafactthat...
Thedifficultyis.../WhatIfinddifficultis...
Thetroubleis.../Whatworriesmeis...
Mysuggestionis.../WhatIwouldsuggestis...
Myadviceis.../WhatIwouldadviseis...
Ithinkthat.../WhatIthinkis...
Iwanttotellyouthat.../WhatIwanttosayis...
→Step6Closingdownbyaquiz
Showthefollowingexercisesonthescreen.Letstudentsfinishthemwithinthreeminutes.Threeminuteslater,checktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
1.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter______________thatI’mtalkingto.
A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom
2.Itisprettywellunderstood______________controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.
A.that
B.when
C.what
D.how
3.______________madetheschoolproudwas______________morethan90％ofstudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.
A.What;because
B.What;that
C.That;what
D.That;because
4.______________teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionship.
A.Nomatterwhat
B.Nomatterwhich
C.Whatever
D.Whichever
5.______________isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.
A.As
B.That
C.This
D.It
6.______________Ican’tunderstandis______________hechangedhismind.
A.That;that
B.What;why
C.Which;how
D.That;why
Suggestedanswers:BCBDDB
→Step7Homework
1.Finishofftheworkbookexercises.
2.PreviewthereadingpassageAVISITTOTHEMOONonPage30,findthesentencesinwhichnounclausesareused,andseeifyoucanunderstandthem.
設(shè)計方案（二）
→Step1Revision
1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.
1)太陽系
2)及時;終于
3)下蛋
4)產(chǎn)生;分娩
5)輪到某人;接著
6)總有一天我會遇見他。
7)都市生活與鄉(xiāng)村生活是非常不同的。
8)他們不應(yīng)該允許在這條街上停車,街道太窄了。
9)他的心臟病痛沒能阻止他第二天去上課。
10)在未來的數(shù)百萬年中,生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個問題能否得到解決。
Suggestedanswers:
1)solarsystem
2)intime
3)layeggs
4)givebirthto
5)inone’sturn
6)I’llseehimintime.
7)Citylifeisquitedifferentfromcountrylife.
8)Theyshouldn’tallowparkinginthisstreet.It’stoonarrow.
9)Hishearttroubledidnotpreventhim(from)goingtoclassthenextday.
10)Whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.
→Step2Warmingupbyagame
Letstudentsworkinpairs.Onetalksabouttheproblemsinhisstudyorlife.Theothershouldgivesomeadviceorsuggestions.Encouragethemtousewhat-clausesasthesubject.
Example:
S1:WhatIfinddifficultis.../Whatworriesmeis...
S2:WhatIwouldsuggestis.../WhatIwouldadviseis...
→Step3Discoveringusefulstructures
Askstudentstofindoutthesentencescontainingnounclausesasthesubjectinthereadingpassageandunderlinethem.ThentranslatethemintoChinese.
→Step4Learningtheuseofnounclausesasthesubject
1.AskstudentstoturntoPage92andlearnpart3TheSubjectClausebythemselves.
2.Encouragethemtoaskasmanyquestionsaspossible.Givethemexplanationsifnecessary.
3.Letthemdosomeadditionalexercises.
4.Sumup.
→Step5Practice
Askstudentstofinishthefollowingexerciseswithin10minutes.Thenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
1.Exercises2and3inDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage13.
2.Exercise1inUsingstructuresonPage64.
→Step6Consolidation
Letstudentsworkinpairstomakesentenceswithnounclausesasthesubjecttofillintheblanks.
1.What_____________________________isastronomy.
2.When_____________________________hasn’tbeendecodedyet.
3.Whether_____________________________dependsonyourbehavior.
4.How_____________________________isapersonaldecision.
5.Why_____________________________apuzzletous.
6.It’sfunnythat_____________________________.
7.Itworriesusthat_____________________________.
8.Itappearsthat_____________________________.
→Step7Homework
1.FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2.Makeuseofdifferentlearningresourcestohaveaninquirystudyofthesubjectclause,andsummarizetherulesofit.
板書設(shè)計
Unit4 Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
Grammar:nounclausesasthesubject
連接詞例句
從屬連詞:that,whetherThatshelefthimcuthimtotheheart.
Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay.
連接代詞:who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whicheverWhatseemseasytosomepeopleseemsdifficulttoothers.
連接副詞:when,where,how,whyWhyhediditremainsamystery.
it作形式主語
It+be+表語+主語從句Itisstilluncertainwhetherheiscomingornot.
It+不及物動詞+主語從句Ithappensthattheywereabsent.
It+及物動詞（被動語態(tài)）+主語從句IthasbeendecidedthattheexhibitionwillnotopenonSundays.
活動與探究
SupposeyouaretodesignanactivityforyourschoolonEarthDay,whichisintendedtocallonteachersandstudentstoprotecttheearth.Workingroupsandchooseareporterofyourgrouptoreportyourwork.Thefollowingpointsshouldbeincludedinthereportofyouractivity:
whattheactivityisabout;
whytheactivityisdesigned;
whenandwheretodotheactivity;
whotakespartintheactivity;
whattobedoneintheactivity.
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars(Period5 Using&nb
一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)方面無論做什么事都有計劃和準備，高中教師要準備好教案，這是老師職責(zé)的一部分。教案可以讓學(xué)生們充分體會到學(xué)習(xí)的快樂，幫助高中教師掌握上課時的教學(xué)節(jié)奏。高中教案的內(nèi)容具體要怎樣寫呢？以下是小編為大家精心整理的“Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars(Period5 Using&nb”，大家不妨來參考。希望您能喜歡！
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
Period5 Usinglanguage:Extensivereading
整體設(shè)計
教材分析
Thisisthefifthteachingperiodofthisunit.Asusual,theteachershouldcheckstudents’homeworkandofferchancesforthemtogooverwhattheylearnedinthelastperiodatthebeginningoftheclass.Thenleadinthenewlesson.
Inthisperiod,theteachingemphasiswillbeputondevelopingstudents’readingabilitybyreadingextensively.Wewilldealwithtwoparts:AVISITTOTHEMOONinUsinglanguageonPages30-31andCAUGHTBYABLACKHOLEinReadingTaskonPage66.Whilereading,getstudentslearningtousesomereadingstrategiessuchasskimming,scanning,andsoon.Astonewwordsandphrases,theteachercanfirstfindthosestudentsfeelmostdifficultandhelpthemtounderstand.That’senoughhere.ThereadingpassageAVISITTOTHEMOONisasciencefictionstorywhichimagineswhatitmightbelikeifanastronautvisitedthemoon.Thepurposeofsciencefictionwritingistocombinefactswithastorytomakestudentsinterestedandexcitedabouttravelinspace.Itisalsotostimulateaweandwonderintothevastnessofspace.Asthisreadingusestheinformationstudentshavegainedfromthelistening,theteachercanfirstasksomestudentstoretellthelisteningtexttoleadinthetopicandthenaskstudentstoreadthepassageanddosomecomprehendingexercises.Whilecheckingtheiranswerswiththewholeclass,dealwithlanguageproblemsstudentscan’tworkoutbythemselves.Thisisanextensivereadinglesson,sotheteachingstepsshouldbesimple.AstothepassageCAUGHTBYABLACKHOLE,itistocontinuetheabovestory.Theastronomersinthestoryvisitaplaceinspace,whichseemsimpossibleforpeopletoreach,the“blackhole”.Itistohelpstudentsimaginewhatitislikeneara“blackhole”.Askstudentstoreadthroughthepassageandtrytoknowmoreaboutastronomyandgravity.
Attheendoftheclass,askstudentstoretellthetwopassages.Inordertoarousestudents’interest,theteachercanholdacompetitionamongthem.
教學(xué)重點
1.Developstudents’readingskillsbyextensivereading.
2.Letstudentsreadandunderstandthetwopassages.
教學(xué)難點
1.Enablestudentstolearntousereadingstrategiessuchasskimming,scanning,andsoon.
2.Getstudentstounderstandthesciencefictionstoriesinthisunit.
三維目標
知識目標
1.Getstudentstolearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart:spaceship,pull,float,mass,cheerup,nowthat,breakout
2.Getstudentstoreadthesciencefictionstories.
能力目標
1.Developstudents’readingskillsbyextensivereadingandenablethemtolearnhowtousedifferentreadingskillstoreaddifferentreadingmaterials.
2.Havestudentslearntousetheusefulnewwordsandexpressionscorrectly.
3.Enablestudentstounderstandthepassagesandknowmoreaboutastronomyandgravity.
情感目標
1.Stimulatestudents’interestinastronomyandspacetravel.
2.Developstudents’senseofgroupcooperationandteamwork.
教學(xué)過程
→Step1Revision
1.Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2.Asksomepairsofstudentstocometothefrontandactouttheirdialoguetoreviewtheexpressionsofgivinginstructions.
3.HavesomestudentstalkaboutIsaacNewton,AlbertEinsteinandStephenHawkingaswellastheirideasongravity.
→Step2Warmingup
Letstudentstobrainstormthefollowingquestions:
Whatcountryfirstsentpeopleintospace?
Howmanycountrieshavesucceededinsendingpeopleintospacesofar?
Whofirstlandedonthemoon?
WhoisthefirstChineseastronauttogointospace?
Doyouwanttovisitthemoon?
→Step3Reading
1.AskstudentstoreadthepassageandthendescribethethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanpingandhowhisweightchanged.
1)WritedownthethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanping.
Thewaygravitychanged
Lefttheearth
Inspace
Onthemoon
Suggestedanswers:
Thewaygravitychanged
LefttheearthThegravitybecameverystrong.
InspaceThegravitydisappeared.
OnthemoonThegravitybecameverylight.
2)Hisweightchangedthreetimes,too.Nowwritethemdown.
Howhisweightchanged
Lefttheearth
Inspace
Onthemoon
Suggestedanswers:
Howhisweightchanged
LefttheearthHebecameveryheavy.
InspaceHehadnoweightandcouldfloataroundlikeafeather.
OnthemoonHewasaboutone-sixthofhisweightontheearth.
2.Askstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandunderlinealltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsinthepassage.Letstudentsreadthemaloudandcopythemdownintheirexercisebookafterclassashomework.Trytokeeptheminmind.
Collocations:beluckyenoughtodo,haveachance,makeatripintospace,explainsth.tosb.,theforceofgravity,beoff,thepulloftheearth’sgravity,fallbacktotheearth,falltotheground,toofarfromtheearth,asif,atall,getcloseto,cheerup,comeon,lessthan,downthesteps,stepforward,twiceasfaras,fallover,abitof,nowthat,afterawhile,getthehangof,breakout,ontheoutsideof,bepushedinto
→Step4Importantlanguagepoints
1.Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtomethattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.
在啟程以前,李彥平向我解釋說,在我們的航行中會有三次引力的改變,而第一次的改變將是最強的。
句子中thattheforceofgravitywouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful是兩個并列的that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,作動詞explain的賓語。一個動詞若帶兩個賓語從句,第二個引導(dǎo)詞that一般不省略。例如:
Thegirlstoldhim(that)theywereonatraintripacrossCanadaandthattheyhadonlyonedayinMontreal.
姑娘們告訴他,她們乘火車來旅游,要橫穿加拿大,在蒙特利爾待一天。
Iunderstandnotonly(that)youhavestudiedChinesebutalsothatyouhavewrittenChinesepoetry.
我知道,你不僅學(xué)了中文,而且還寫中文詩。
2.Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger.
我立刻感到很高興,由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去,我望著（身后的）地球越來越小,而（前方的）月球越來越大。
watchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger是現(xiàn)在分詞短語,在句中作狀語。
cheer(sb.)up:(causesb.to)becomehappierormorecheerful歡呼;喝彩;感到高興;使高興
Tryandcheerupabit;lifeisn’tthatbad!
想辦法高興點,生活并不是那么糟！
Thecrowdcheeredupwhentheysawtheteamarrive.
當看到球隊的到來,人群歡呼起來。
Hetookhertotheconcerttocheerherup.
他帶她去聽音樂會來使她高興。
watch...do/doing觀看,注視
Wewatchedthesunsettingbehindthetrees.
我們看著太陽正在樹后面落下。
Everydayastheywatchedtheplantgrow,theirheartsfilledwithhope.
每一天當他們看到植物生長,他們的心里都充滿了希望。
3.“Ohdear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”
“天哪,”我大聲說,“重力改變了,看來走路也的確需要練一練了。”
now(that)...:becauseofthefact(that)...既然……;由于……
Now(that)everybodyishere,wecanbeginthemeeting.
既然每個人都到了,我們就可以開始會議。
Now(that)youareabigboyyoumustbehavebetter.
由于你是一個大男孩,你就必須行為表現(xiàn)得更好。
4.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.
我們驚奇地看著,隨著地球引力的增加,宇宙飛船的外層燃燒起火。
句子中的asfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceship和astheearth’sgravityincreased均為as引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。
amazed是過去分詞,在此處作狀語。
Hecameinunnoticed.
他神不知鬼不覺地走了進來。
Manyheroeslieburiedinthechurchyard.
許多英雄埋葬在教堂的墓地里。
breakout:(ofviolentevents)startsuddenly（指激烈事件,如戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)、疫情等）突然發(fā)生;爆發(fā)
Firebrokeoutduringthenight.
夜間突然發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。
Warbrokeoutin1939.
戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)于1939年。
Aquarrelbrokeoutsuddenlyatmidnight.
在深夜,突然有人吵架。
→Step5Readingtask
TurntoPage66.
1.Askstudentstoreadthepassageandanswerthetwoquestions.
1)Canablackholebeseen?Howdoyouknowit’sablackhole?
2)Whathappenedtothespaceshipfromthebeginningtotheend?
Suggestedanswers:
1)No,itcan’tbeseen.Youcanseethingsdisappearintowhatappearstobeemptyspace.
2)Atfirstthelightsonthespaceshipwentoutandthecomputerstoppedworking.Thenthespaceshipjumpedandbegantomovearoundtheedgeoftheoutsideofthehole.
Asthespaceshipmovedaroundthehole,itbegantogofasterandfaster.
Butthenthespaceshipjumpedagain,anditmovedsidewaysfromtheblackhole.Itbegantoincreaseitsspeeduntilitseemedtobegoingasfastaslight.
Atlastthespaceshipsloweddownandthecomputerstartedworkingagain.
2.Letstudentsreadthepassageagainanddothefollowing:
Supposeyouareascientistreadingthispassage.Usethischecklisttodiscoverthenewideasabout“blackholes”.Thenwritethemfortheotherscientiststoreadabout.
Oldideasabout“blackholes”Wasthiswhatwefound?Newideasabout“blackholes”
1.Blackholescannotbeseen.
2.Gravitypullsobjectstowardsthem.
3.Objectsgoroundoutsidetheedgeofthe“blackhole”.
4.Allobjectsmustgointothe“blackhole”whentheyarecaughtbyitsgravity.
3.Severalminuteslater,showtheanswersonthescreenandcheckthemwiththewholeclass.Atthesametime,dealwithanydifficultlanguagepointsthatstudentscan’tunderstand.
Suggestedanswers:
Oldideasabout“blackholes”Wasthiswhatwefound?Newideasabout“blackholes”
1.Blackholescannotbeseen.Yes
2.Gravitypullsobjectstowardsthem.Yes
3.Objectsgoroundoutsidetheedgeofthe“blackhole”.Yes
4.Allobjectsmustgointothe“blackhole”whentheyarecaughtbyitsgravity.YesTheycanbethrownfarfromthe“blackhole”bytheenergyinthe“blackhole”.
→Step6Consolidation
Askstudentstogobacktothetwopassages.Givethemseveralminutestobepreparedtoretellthewholestoryintheirownwords.Thenaskasmanystudentsaspossibletocometothefronttotellthestory.
→Step7Homework
1.FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2.Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.
3.Tellthestorytoyourfriendsorfamily.
板書設(shè)計
Unit4 Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
ExtensiveReading
AVISITTOTHEMOON
1)WritedownthethreewaysinwhichgravitychangedforLiYanping.
Thewaygravitychanged
LefttheearthThegravitybecameverystrong.
InspaceThegravitydisappeared.
OnthemoonThegravitybecameverylight.
2)Hisweightchangedthreetimes,too.Nowwritethemdown.
Howhisweightchanged
LefttheearthHebecameveryheavy.
InspaceHehadnoweightandcouldfloataroundlikeafeather.
OnthemoonHewasaboutone-sixthofhisweightontheearth.
活動與探究
GotothelibraryandsurftheInternettofindasmuchinformationasyoucanaboutspaceandthemoon.Andyouareexpectedtopresentittoyourteacherandclassmatesinthenextclass.
