新課標(biāo)高中生物教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間：2020-10-22人教版新課標(biāo)高一第三模塊教案Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of stars。
一位優(yōu)秀的教師不打無(wú)準(zhǔn)備之仗，會(huì)提前做好準(zhǔn)備，教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是教師的任務(wù)之一。教案可以讓學(xué)生們能夠在上課時(shí)充分理解所教內(nèi)容，減輕教師們?cè)诮虒W(xué)時(shí)的教學(xué)壓力。那么，你知道教案要怎么寫(xiě)呢？下面是小編精心收集整理，為您帶來(lái)的《人教版新課標(biāo)高一第三模塊教案Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of stars》，大家不妨來(lái)參考。希望您能喜歡！
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofstars
Teachingaims:
1.Talkaboutshortstoriesanddramas.
2.Learnhowtoactoutaplay
3.Learnhowtorequestandorderfood
4.Learnnounclausesastheobjectandpredicative
ThefirstperiodIntensivereading
StepI.Warmingup
1.MarkTwainisprobablyoneofthefewAmericanwriterswithwhomstudentsarealreadyfamiliar.Thisexercisemakestheteacherfindouthowmuchthestudentsknowaboutthiswriteranddecidehowmuchtheyneedtoknowabouttheauthorbeforetheyreadtheplay.
T:DoyouknowsomethingabouttheAmericanwriterMarkTwain?
Ss:Alittle.
T:TodaywewilllearnsomethingaboutthisgreatwriterintheAmericanhistory.Nowpleaseread“AboutMarkTwain”onpage23sothatyoucanknowmoreabouthim.
1.StudentsreadthepassageaboutMarkTwainandanswerthequestionsgivenintheformonpage23.
a.What’stherealnameofMarkTwain?
b.Whenwashebornandwhendidhedie?
c.Doyouknowalltheplaceswherehelived?
d.Canyounamethreeofhisfamousstories?
T:Asweknow,MarkTwainisknownasahumoristduringhislife.AndthisisreflectedinTHEMILLIONPOUNDBANK-NOTE.So,todaywewilllearnsomepartsofthisfamousplay.
StepⅡPre-reading
Getthestudentstodiscussthequestionwiththeirpartnersandthenaskthemtoreporttheirwork.Encouragetoexpresstheiropinionsfreely.
T:Ifarichpersongivesyoualargeamountofmoneytouseasyoulike,forexample,onemillionpound,whatwillyoudo?Why?
(Studentshaveadiscussiononthisquestion.Whateverchoicestudentsmakehere,theyshouldbereadytooffertheirclassmatesagoodreasonforit.)
…
T:Ithinkallofyouhaveagoodidea.DoyouwanttoknowwhathappenedtoHenryAdamsinTHEMILLIONPOUNDBANK-NOTEwrittenbyMarkTwain?Haveyoueverreadthestory?Sothisclasswewilllearnthestorytogether.
StepⅢWhilereading
1.Scanning
Getthestudentstocomprehendthewholescenequicklyandaccuratelyandmeanwhilehelpthemformagoodhabitofreading.Givethestudentssometimetoreadthroughthescenesandthenanswersomequestions
a.HowdidHenryAdamscometoEngland?
b.WheredidHenryworkbefore?Howmuchdidhehave?
c.WhatdidthetwogentlemengiveHenry?
d.WhencanHenryopentheletter.
2.Afterthestudentsdiscussthequestionsandthenchecktheanswerswiththewholeclass.
T:Listentothetapeandtrytofindoutthecharacteristicsofthewholepassage.
Ss:Thisispartofaplay.So,thenarrationiswritteninthepresenttense.
T:OK.Allofyouhavedoneagoodjob.Next,let’sreadthesceneagainanddosomeexercises.
StepⅣPost-reading
Docomprehendingexercisesandexplain:
a.alargeamountof:alargequantityof;agreatdealof
e.g.Theyboughtalargeamountoffurniturebeforetheymovedtheirnewhouse.
b.makeabet:makeanarrangementtoriskmoney,etc.onaneventofwhichtheresultisdoubtful.
e.g.Wemadeabetontheresultofthematch.
c.permitsbtodosomething:allowsomebodytodosomething
e.g.Mymotherdoesn’tpermitmetorideinthestreetafteritrained.
d.byaccident:asaresultofchance
e.g.Ionlyfounditbyaccident.
e.stareat:lookatsomebodyorsomethingwiththeeyeswideopeninafixedgaze(inastonishment,wonder,fear,etc)
f.tobehonest:totellyouthetruth;tobefrank
e.g.Tobehonest,Idon’tthinkwehaveachanceofwinning.
StepⅤHomework
1.Reviewthekeysentencesinthispart
2.Previewthewordsinthesecondperiod.
3.Actouttheplayingroups
Thesecondperiod:Acting
StepIActing
T:AreyoureadytoactouttheplaynowSs:Yes.
T:Good.Let’swelcomethefirstgroupandthesecondgrouppleasegetprepared.
…
T:Class,weshouldpayattentiontosomeexamplesofMarkTwain’shumorinthisscene,whichwillhelpusbetterunderstandtheplayandactitoutmoreappropriately.Doyouagreewithme?
Ss:Yes,ofcourse.
StepIIHomework
Reviewwhatwelearnedinthisunit
TheThirdperiodWatchingthemovieTheMillionPoundBanknote
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高一英語(yǔ)必修三導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
經(jīng)驗(yàn)告訴我們，成功是留給有準(zhǔn)備的人。作為高中教師準(zhǔn)備好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好的吸收課堂上所講的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，幫助高中教師提前熟悉所教學(xué)的內(nèi)容。所以你在寫(xiě)高中教案時(shí)要注意些什么呢？下面是由小編為大家整理的“高一英語(yǔ)必修三導(dǎo)學(xué)案 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars”，僅供參考，希望能為您提供參考！
高一英語(yǔ)必修三導(dǎo)學(xué)案Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars班級(jí)姓名小組語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)（模塊）Ⅰ.詞語(yǔ)辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1.loudly/loud/aloudloudlyadv響亮地，高聲地loudadj/adv與sing,speak,talk連用aloudadv相對(duì)默讀而言；出聲根據(jù)句子的意思在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1).Willyoupleasespeak______?2).ItisgoodforyoutoreadEnglish______everymorning.3).Thebombexploded______.4).Ishervoice______enough?5).Actionspeaks______thanwords(事實(shí)勝于雄辯).Keys:1).louder2).aloud3).loudly4).loud5).louder2.unlike/dislikeunlikeprep.不像，和……不同adj.[作表語(yǔ)]不相似；不同dislikevt./n.不喜愛(ài)，厭惡根據(jù)句子的意思在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1).Agoodhotelmanagershouldknowhisregularguests’likesand______.2).Herlatestnovelisquite______herearlierwork.3).Ifyougoonlikethatyou’llgetyourself_______(like).4).Iwasveryinterestedinthelecture,______manyofthestudents.Keys:1).dislikes2).unlike3).disliked4).unlike3.remain/leaveremainvi.仍然是；留下；剩下常用句型：remain+n.仍然是remain+adj./adv./prep.仍然是remain+v-ed/v-ing仍然是remaintobedone有待去做，依然要做leavevt.剩下，忽略或未拿或未帶（某物），使或讓?zhuān)橙恕⑹挛铮┨幠碃顟B(tài)﹑某地等常用句型：leavesb.sth./leavesth.tosb.給某人留下某物leavesth(forsb)留下，交待下(某物)leavesthtosb將某物遺贈(zèng)給某人remaining/left兩者都可以作形容詞，表示“剩下的”，前者用于被修飾的名詞之前，后者用于被修飾的名詞之后。根據(jù)句子的意思在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1).Someone______youthisnotewhileyouwereout.2).Aftertheearthquake,little______ofthevillage.3).Heusedthe______moneytobuyadictionary.4).Afterbuyingthedictionary,hehadnotmuchmoney______.5).Arrivinghome,IfoundthatI’d______mykeyintheoffice.6).Don’tleaveher______(wait)outsideintherain.7).Sheremained_______(change)afteralltheseyears.8).Agreatmanythingsremain_______(do).Keys:1).left2).remained3).remaining4).left5).left6).waiting7).unchanged8).tobedone4.climate/weatherclimate指從長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的范圍來(lái)看某地的平均氣候或經(jīng)常性的氣候；weather指某地一時(shí)的天氣，如寒暖、晴雨和干濕的變化情況。根據(jù)句子的意思在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1).Weshallgooutforapicnictomorrowifthe_______isfine.2).Adrier_______wouldbegoodforyourhealth.3).Icouldn’timaginewhatitwouldbeliketoliveinahot________.4).The_______ofourcountryismild,butindividualplacesexperiencebad________.Keys:1).weather2).climate3).climate4).climate;weather5.nowthat/since/because/as都可引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)的是because，引導(dǎo)直接而明確的原因，也用來(lái)回答why的問(wèn)句或用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；其次是since/nowthat，表示已知或明顯的原因，再次是as，引導(dǎo)的原因是不言而喻、顯而易見(jiàn)的；for引導(dǎo)的是并列分句，表推測(cè)或判斷的原因，前面有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。根據(jù)句子的意思在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1)._______everybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.2)Itwas_______hewasillthathedidn’tgotoschool.3).Itmusthaverainedlastnight,_______thegroundisallwet.4)._______wearealone,wecanspeakfreely.Keys:1).since/nowthat2).because3).for4).Now(that)Ⅱ.詞性變化（旨在提供語(yǔ)法填空所需材料）1.violentadj.強(qiáng)暴的，猛烈的violencen.暴力，強(qiáng)暴；猛烈violentlyadv.強(qiáng)暴地；猛烈地2.fundamentaladj.基本(礎(chǔ))的n.[pl.]基本原則(法則)fundamentallyadv.基本地；根本地fundamentn.基礎(chǔ)；根本3.developmentn.生長(zhǎng)，發(fā)
展；新情況
developvt.發(fā)展；產(chǎn)生
vi.生長(zhǎng)；發(fā)展
developedadj.發(fā)達(dá)的developingadj.發(fā)展的
4.layvt.放下；擺設(shè)；產(chǎn)(蛋)lay---laid---laid---laying
lievi.躺，平放；位于lie---lay---lain---lying
lien.lay;laid2).prevention3).violence4).development5).developing6).fundamental7).physicist
Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)詞匯（旨在提供詞匯綜合運(yùn)用材料）1.systemn.[c]系統(tǒng)；體系；制度；方法systematicadj有系統(tǒng)的;有條理的[典例]1).Thesolarsystemincludesthesunanditseightplanets.太陽(yáng)系包括太陽(yáng)和它的八顆行星。2).Alcoholisbadforyoursystem.喝酒對(duì)身體有害。[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子。1).The____________(教育系統(tǒng))operatesverydifferentlyintheUSandChina.2).Heintroducedusawell-designed____________(鐵路系統(tǒng)).Keys:1).educationalsystem2).railwaysystem2.layvt.(laid,laid,laying)把放下；擺設(shè)；鋪(地毯)；產(chǎn)(蛋)[典例]1).Helaidhishandonmyshoulder.他把手放在我的肩上。2).Whoshouldwelaytheblameon?我們?cè)撠?zé)備誰(shuí)?[重點(diǎn)用法]lay短語(yǔ)：layeggs下蛋l(fā)aysth.aside把某物放在一邊；積蓄（錢(qián)）laysth.down把某物放下laytheblameonsb.責(zé)備某人laythetable擺桌子layemphasis/stressonsth.把重點(diǎn)放在某事上[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或翻譯。1).Thebird______itseggsinotherbirds’nests.2).Heisapoliticalleaderthat____________________(非常強(qiáng)調(diào))individualresponsibility.3).He______somemoney______forrainydays.Keys:1).lays2).laysgreatstresson3).lays/puts;aside3.harmfuladj.有害的；傷害的harmn.in2).existonto3).existence5.puzzlevt.on3).cheeringⅣ.重點(diǎn)詞組（旨在提供詞匯綜合運(yùn)用材料）1.tobeginwith=tostartwith以……開(kāi)始；由……作為開(kāi)頭；首先[典例]Tobegin/startwith,Icouldn’tunderstandasingleword.起初，我一句也沒(méi)弄明白。[重點(diǎn)用法]begin/startwith從……開(kāi)始begin/startsthwith從……開(kāi)始……[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子。1).He______hisspeech______apoem.2).Hisspeech____________apoem.3).__________________,petsaregoodfriendsofmanylonelypeople,especiallytheold.Keys:1).began/started;with2).began/startedwith3).Tostart/beginwith2.intime及時(shí)；最終；遲早[典例]1).Theycaughtthebusintime.他們及時(shí)趕上了汽車(chē)。2).Ifyoukeepon,youwillsucceedintime.如果堅(jiān)持下去，你們總有一天會(huì)成功的。[短語(yǔ)歸納]time短語(yǔ)：intimeforsth./todosth.及時(shí)；不遲innotime立刻；馬上atnotime永不……atonetime有個(gè)時(shí)期；曾經(jīng)；一度atatime一次；每次attimes=sometimes有時(shí)allthetime一直；始終；老是ontime按時(shí)；準(zhǔn)時(shí)bythetime到……的時(shí)候?yàn)橹筬orthetimebeing暫時(shí)；暫且takeone’stime不著急；慢慢來(lái)killtime消磨時(shí)間fromtimetotime不時(shí)地，間或manyatime常常；多次onceuponatime從前atthesametime同時(shí)；盡管如此aheadoftime提前，提早raceagainsttime爭(zhēng)分奪秒timeandagain一次又一次；重復(fù)地keeptime(鐘表)走得準(zhǔn)keepbadtime（鐘、表）走得不準(zhǔn)takeone’stime慢慢來(lái)，別急haveagood/nice/hardtime(in)doingsth做某事很……It’s(high/about)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.是做某事的時(shí)候了[練習(xí)]用time短語(yǔ)填空。1).Theysentthemailtomejust______________,beforeI1eft.2).Williamarrivedatthetheatrejust______________fortheplaywastobeon.3).Hurryup!Theconcertwillbegin_____________________.4)._____________________willIgiveup.5).Theboylaughedandcried__________________________.6)._____________________hewasaddictedtoplayingwebgames,butnowhedevoteshimselftowriting,whichdelightshisparents.7).Don’ttrytodoeverythingatonce;takeitabit_____________________.8).You’llhaveyourownofficesoon,but____________________________you’llhavetoshareonewithme.Keys:1).intime2).intime3).innotime4).Atnotime5).atthesametime6).Atonetime7).atatime8).forthetimebeing3.inone’sturn輪到某人；接著[典例]Iwillseeyou,eachinyourturn.我將要一個(gè)接著一個(gè)地看你。[短語(yǔ)歸納]turn短語(yǔ)：inturn輪流；一個(gè)接著一個(gè)byturns輪流；一陣……一陣……taketurns(todosth.)輪流（做某物）It’sone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事了[練習(xí)]用turn短語(yǔ)填空或翻譯句子。1).Shewenthotandcold______________.2).我們輪流著開(kāi)車(chē)。____________________________________________________________________________________3).今天輪到誰(shuí)發(fā)言了？____________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).byturns2).Wedrovethecarbyturns/inturn.=Wetookturnstodrivethecar.3).Whoseturnisittogiveaspeechtoday?4.prevent...from=stop...from=keep....from使……不做事；阻止……做某事[典例]Hisbackinjurymaypreventhimfromplayingintomorrow’sgame.他背部的傷可能使他參加不了明天的比賽。注意:prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.中的from可省,keepsb.fromdoingsth.中from不可省略，因?yàn)閗eepsb.doingsth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，三者的from都不可??；當(dāng)后接sb’sdoingsth.作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，因?yàn)闆](méi)有keepsb’sdoingsth.的句型。[練習(xí)]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子或翻譯。1).Doctorstookactionto___________________________________(防止這種疾病的蔓延).2).OfcourseIcan’t_______yourgoingabroad.3).警察阻止他們攜帶武器。_______________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).prevent/stop/keepthediseasefromspreading2).prevent/stop3).Thepoliceprevented/stopped/keptthemfromcarryingweapons.=Theywereprevented/stopped/keptfromcarryingweapons.5.blockout擋?。ü饩€(xiàn)）[典例]Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.那堵墻把光線(xiàn)都遮住了。[短語(yǔ)歸納]out短語(yǔ)：breakout爆發(fā)，發(fā)生burstout大聲喊叫，突然…起來(lái)goout外出；過(guò)時(shí)；(燈)熄putout關(guān)(燈)；撲滅；生產(chǎn)comeout出現(xiàn)，顯露；出版，結(jié)果是helpout幫助解決難題(或擺脫困境)lookout留神；注意watchout注意；提防findout找出，查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)pickout挑出，辨認(rèn)出，分辨出speakout大聲地說(shuō)，大膽地說(shuō)thinkout仔細(xì)思考某事；想出（主意等）hangout掛出，閑逛knockedout(拳擊中)擊倒，打昏sellout售完(某種貨物)，脫銷(xiāo)turnout結(jié)果證明是runout(of)用完，耗盡checkout結(jié)帳離去，辦妥手續(xù)離去handout分發(fā)，散發(fā)giveout分發(fā)；用完，消耗盡；發(fā)出(光、聲音等)[練習(xí)]用out短語(yǔ)填空。1).Attheendoftheracehislegs______________andhecollapsedontheground.2).It’seasyto_______him_______inacrowdbecauseheisverytall.3).Hisnwebookwill______________nextmonth.4).Wethoughtitwasgoingtorain;it______________tobeafindday.5).We______________of/fromourhotelat5a.m.tocatcha7a.m.flight.Keys:1).gaveout2).pick;out3).comeout4).turnedout5).checkedout6.beoff=setoff出發(fā)；動(dòng)身；不用上班/學(xué)/開(kāi)張[典例]Thenwewereoff.隨后我們就啟程了。[短語(yǔ)歸納]off短語(yǔ)：getoff下車(chē)falloff從……摔下來(lái)takeoff脫下；起飛keepoff遠(yuǎn)離turnoff關(guān)閉payoff付清，還清set...off給……送行kickoff踢球jumpoff跳下giveoff散發(fā)showoff炫耀shutoff關(guān)閉[練習(xí)]用turn短語(yǔ)填空或翻譯。1).ItisaSundayandwe______________(不用上班)today.2).Herhusband______________onabusinesstripsomewhere.3).Therewesawasignreading,“______________thegrass”.4).Aftertenyearsofhardwork,shefinally______________allherdebts.Keys:1).areoff2).wasoff3).Keepoff4).paidoff7.breakout(災(zāi)難、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)[典例]Firebrokeoutduringthenight.夜間突然發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。[短語(yǔ)歸納]break短語(yǔ)：breakawayfrom脫離（黨派）；擺脫（控制）breakdown毀掉；壞掉；(計(jì)劃/談判)失敗breakup打碎；拆散；(會(huì)議)結(jié)束；分裂(解體)breakoff(使)停止；中斷；折斷breakintosth.強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入某處breakone’sword/promise食言；說(shuō)話(huà)不算數(shù)[練習(xí)]用break短語(yǔ)填空。1).Aterribletsunami______________inthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.2).Whendoyou______________forChristmas?3).Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshave______________.4).Hishousewas______________lastweek.Keys:1).brokeout2).breakup3).brokendown4).brokeninto8.watchout密切注視；當(dāng)心；提防[典例]Watchout!There’sacarcoming.小心!汽車(chē)來(lái)了。[重點(diǎn)用法]watchoutforsb/sth警惕或注意某人/事物watchover保護(hù)；照看[練習(xí)]用watch短語(yǔ)填空。1).Theremusthavebeenanangel______________methatday.2).WhatproblemsshouldI_____________________whenbuyinganoldhouse?3).You’llbecomeanalcoholicifyoudon’t______________.Keys:1).watchingover2).watchoutfor3).watchoutⅤ.重點(diǎn)句子（旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）1.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.它(地球)巨大的爆炸噴出了烈火與巖石。最終產(chǎn)生了水蒸氣、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多種氣體，從而形成了地球的大氣層。[解釋]“be+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)通常用來(lái)表示“按計(jì)劃或安排將要做的事情”，或表示上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)、父母對(duì)子女下命令，“應(yīng)該做某事”或表示某事“將必然發(fā)生”。例如：1).Hereisamessageforyoufromyourheadteacher:youaretogotoherofficeafterclass.你的班主任給你一個(gè)口信，要你下課后到她的辦公室去。2).Theworstisstilltocome.更糟糕的事情還會(huì)發(fā)生。3).We’llholdameetingtomorrow.=Wearetoholdameetingtomorrow.=Ameetingistobeheldtomorrow.我們明天將開(kāi)會(huì)。4).ThetrainistoarriveinBeijingat10:25am.這趟火車(chē)將于上午10:25到達(dá)北京。[練習(xí)]完成句子或翻譯。1).Hereisamessageforyoufromyourheadteacher:you__________________toherofficeafterclass.(你的班主任給你一個(gè)口信，要你下課后到她的辦公室去。)2).Theworstisstill____________(come).3).We’llholdameetingtomorrow.=We__________________ameetingtomorrow.=Ameetingis__________________tomorrow.4).這趟火車(chē)將于上午10：25到達(dá)北京。________________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).aretogo2).tocome3).aretohold;tobeheld4).ThetrainistoarriveinBeijingat10:25am.2.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.那使生命的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育成為一種可能。[解釋]此句中的made后跟帶形式賓語(yǔ)it的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，其中it是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正賓語(yǔ)是不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，“forlivetobegintodevelop”，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是possible。再如：Shemadeitherbusinesstofindoutwhowasresponsible.她非要弄清楚是誰(shuí)的責(zé)任不可。提示：常用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞還有think，feel，find，consider等。例如：1).Wemakeitaruletogetupat6o’clockeverymorning.2).Ifindithardtogetalongwithhim.3).HefounditimpossibletoleaveGermanyfortheUSA.他發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能離開(kāi)德國(guó)去美國(guó)了。4).Ithink/find/feel/consideritmydutytohelpyou.我覺(jué)得我有責(zé)任幫助你。[練習(xí)]完成句子或翻譯。1).We________________________(規(guī)定)togetupat6o’clockeverymorning.2).I__________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)很難)togetalongwithhim．3).他發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能離開(kāi)德國(guó)去美國(guó)了。____________________________________________________________________________________________4).我覺(jué)得我有責(zé)任幫助你。____________________________________________________________________________________________Keys:1).makeitarule2).findithard3).HefounditimpossibletoleaveGermanyfortheUSA.4).Ithink/find/feel/consideritmydutytohelpyou.3.ButwhenItriedtostepforwardIfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步的時(shí)候，我發(fā)覺(jué)我被送出去很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。[解釋]twiceas...as...“是……的兩倍”，英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)倍數(shù)的表示句型：1).倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as“是……的幾倍”Myroomistwiceaslargeashis.2).倍數(shù)+adj./adv.比較級(jí)+than“比……(多/大)幾倍”Myroomistwicelargerthanhis.3).倍數(shù)+the+表示長(zhǎng)度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of“是……的長(zhǎng)度/高度/寬度幾倍”Myroomistwicethesizeofhis.注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,widthdepth等。例如：1).Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.這把尺子是那把的三倍那么長(zhǎng)。2).Therearefourtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.到的學(xué)生是我們預(yù)計(jì)的五倍。[解釋]twiceas...as...是的兩倍，英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)倍數(shù)的表示句型：1).倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as“是……的幾倍”Myroomistwiceaslargeashis.2).倍數(shù)+adj./adv.比較級(jí)+than“比……(多/大)幾倍”Myroomistwicelargerthanhis.3).倍數(shù)+the+表示長(zhǎng)度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of“是……的長(zhǎng)度/高度/寬度幾倍”Myroomistwicethesizeofhis.注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,widthdepth等。[練習(xí)]完成句子或翻譯。1).這把尺子是那把的三倍那么長(zhǎng)。__________________________________________________________________________________________2).到的學(xué)生是我們預(yù)計(jì)的五倍。Thereare____________________________________weexpected.Keys:1).Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.2).fourtimesasmanystudentsas課文要點(diǎn)（模塊）Ⅰ.課文詞匯填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫(xiě)和主要詞語(yǔ)等）根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語(yǔ)法填空，注意單詞拼寫(xiě)和詞語(yǔ)用法：Astheresultof"BigBang",theviolentearthslowlysettledintoaglobe1(move)aroundthesun.Thegasseswhichweretomaketheearths2（大氣層）cameintobeingfromtheexplosionofthedustball,withwater3(follow)themwhiletheearthcooleddown.Itallowedthebeginningforlife.Manymillionsofyears4,thefirst5(極度的)smallplantsbegantoappear6thesurfaceofthewater,7(繁殖)andfillingtheseaandoceans,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Astimepassed,greenplantstakingcarbondioxideandproducing8（氧氣）cametolandandgrewintoforest.Laterthechainsoflivescontinued,suchasinsects,amphibians,reptiles,dinosaursandmammals,thetypicalof9ishumanbeing.Theydontonlydo10totheearthbutcausedamagetoit.答案：1.moving2.atmosphere3.following4.later5.extremely6.on7.multiplying8.oxygen9.which10.goodⅡ.課文大意概括（旨在訓(xùn)練用30個(gè)單詞概括大意的能力）閱讀課文，試著用30來(lái)個(gè)單詞概括課文大意或?qū)⑾旅娴亩涛淖g成英語(yǔ)，短文解釋了生命如何在地球上開(kāi)始的。首先，地球爆炸和產(chǎn)生水。因?yàn)樗拇嬖?，然后植物和?dòng)物，包括人類(lèi)逐漸在地球上出現(xiàn)。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Thepassageexplainshowlifebeganontheearth.Atfirst,theearthexplodedandproducedwater.Andthenplantsandanimalsincludinghumanbeingsappearedontheearthgraduallybecausewaterexistsontheearth.Ⅲ.課文佳句背誦與仿寫(xiě)（旨在培養(yǎng)對(duì)難句的理解和寫(xiě)作能力）1Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：what＋主語(yǔ)從句＋is…till+時(shí)間名詞＋定語(yǔ)從句他要給我什么禮物一直不知，直到昨天下文他來(lái)看我是我才知道。__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whatgifthewouldgivemewasuncertainuntilyesterdayafternoonwhenhecametoseeus.沒(méi)人知道我們將要得到什么樣的工作，直到3年后我們從大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后才知道。__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whatjobswewillgetisunknownuntil3yearslaterwhenwewillgraduatefromuniversity.2Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)從句＋is＋that表語(yǔ)從句他想告訴我們的是一天下文當(dāng)他在回家的路上看見(jiàn)一只小鳥(niǎo)受傷了。__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whathewantedtotellusisthatoneafternoonwhenhewasonhiswayhomehesawabirdwhichwasdying.他缺席的原因是他在上學(xué)時(shí)被一輛小車(chē)撞傷了。__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Whyhewasabsentisthathewasbadlyhurtbyacarwhenhewenttoschool.3Theymultipliedandfilledtheoceansandseaswithoxygen,whichencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.[模仿要點(diǎn)]句子結(jié)構(gòu)：which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)上句情況的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。我們常常看到有人亂丟亂吐，這弄得我們的環(huán)境很臟__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Weoftenseesomepeoplethrowrubbishandspiteverywhere，whichmakesourenvironmentdirty.她的父母非常感激我們，醫(yī)生也高度評(píng)價(jià)了我們的急救，這使得我們意識(shí)到學(xué)習(xí)急救的必要性。__________________________________________________________________________________答案：Herparentswereverythankfultousandthedoctorsthoughthighlyofourfirstaid,whichmadeusrealizethenecessityoflearningfirstaid.單元自測(cè)（模塊）1完形填空閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1—10各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。字?jǐn)?shù)：196完成時(shí)間：14分鐘難度：***Whosaid:"IfIdidnthavebadluck,Iwouldnthaveanyluckatall！"However，notall"badluck"shouldbeconsideredasa(n)1thing.Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyou2!Inthe1920s,ErnestHemingway3somethingabout"badluck"andgotjustsuchakick.Hewas4tosucceedasawriterwhen5struck.Helostasuitcasecontainingallthemanuscripts(手稿)thathehadbeenplanningtopublish.Hemingwaycouldntimaginedoinghisworkalloveragain.Allthosemonthsofwritingweresimply6.Hetoldafriendabouthisbadluck,whotoldhimitwasactuallyverygood7!Heassured(向...保證)Hemingwaythatwhenherewrotethestories,hewouldforgetthe8parts;onlythebestmaterialwouldreappear.HeencouragedHemingwaytostartagain,butwithoptimismand9thistime.Hemingwaydidrewritethestoriesandeventuallybecameaworld-famouswriter.Dontprayforfewerproblems;prayformoreability.Dontaskforsmallerchallenges;askforgreater10.Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyouforwards!1.A.essentialB.confusingC.acceptableD.bad2.A.backwardsB.offC.onD.forwards3.A.learnedB.saidC.heardD.solved4.A.waitingB.strugglingC.dreamingD.wishing5.A.challengesB.changesC.disasterD.failure6.A.buriedB.failedC.wastedD.undone7.A.fortuneB.resultC.journeyD.idea8.A.weakB.importantC.goodD.last9.A.knowledgeB.confidenceC.imaginationD.luck10.A.chanceB.sympathyC.wisdomD.kick答案：文章用海明威的例子來(lái)說(shuō)明一個(gè)問(wèn)題：當(dāng)生活給你一個(gè)打擊，你就借勢(shì)向前。1.D通讀全文可知“不應(yīng)該把所有的壞運(yùn)氣都看作壞事”(它也許是推動(dòng)你前進(jìn)的一次機(jī)會(huì)或者動(dòng)力)。根據(jù)此意需要選D項(xiàng)2.D根據(jù)文章最后一段可以得到提示：“Whenlifegivesyouakick,letitkickyouforwards!”當(dāng)生活給你一個(gè)打擊，你就借勢(shì)向前。3.A海明威通過(guò)這個(gè)“厄運(yùn)”學(xué)到了一些東西。學(xué)到了/學(xué)會(huì)了要用learn表達(dá)。4.B從第四段最后一句“Hemingwaydidrewritethestoriesandeventuallybecameaworld-famouswriter.”可知在他丟書(shū)稿的時(shí)候他尚未成名，所以是在努力(struggling)當(dāng)中。5.C即將出版的書(shū)稿丟了，這對(duì)尚未成名的海明威來(lái)說(shuō)不啻是一次災(zāi)難(disaster)。6.C這幾個(gè)月的辛勤勞動(dòng)的成果就這樣付諸東流了(simplywasted)。7.A他向朋友哭訴時(shí)，朋友卻認(rèn)為這是運(yùn)氣（fortune）。從下文他勸告海明威重新來(lái)寫(xiě)作并且取得成功可以看出來(lái)。8.A忘記那些不太有印象的東西，這些也是小說(shuō)里不怎么重要或不精彩的(weak)部分。weak與thebest相對(duì)。9.B朋友鼓勵(lì)他要樂(lè)觀(optimism)，要有自信心(confidence)，而confidence與optimism并列，表達(dá)相近的意思。10.C從前一句的“Don’tprayforfewerproblems;prayformoreability.”可知不是要祈禱問(wèn)題會(huì)減少，而應(yīng)該去起到自己獲得更大的能力。那么，下一句：不是祈禱少一些挑戰(zhàn)，而應(yīng)該祈禱自己具備更高的智慧(greaterwisdom)來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn)。不是尋找一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的解決途徑，而是要可能的最佳的方法。2.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為1—10的相應(yīng)位置上。字?jǐn)?shù)：143完成時(shí)間：8分鐘難度：***OnWednesdaymorningatelevenoclock,IwaswalkingdownMainStreet.Ihadjustparkedmycar.SuddenlyIheardtwoshots.Ithoughtthey1(come)fromthebank.Irantowardthebank.Isawaman2(come)out.Hewasshortandfat3abigmoustache.More4(importance),hehadabagofmoneyandaguninhishands!5Icoulddoanything,heranupthestreet6disappearedbehindabus.ThatafternoonIwenttothemovies.7happened?Isawthethiefagainatthefootofthestairs!Itelephonedthepolicefromatelephonenexttotherestrooms.Thepolicearrivedin8thanfiveminutes.Theyarrestedthethiefjustashe9(buy)achocolatebarfromthecandymachine.Whatanexcitingday!Andbestofall,thebankgaveme100reward.答案：1．hadcome考查動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，表槍聲在我想／認(rèn)為之前發(fā)生：2．Coming考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)seesomebodydoingsth．的結(jié)構(gòu)：3．with介詞，"有，具有"：4．importantlymoreimportantly表“更重要的是”：5．Before時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表“在……之前”：6．a(chǎn)ndand連接ranup...和disappeared兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，表并列關(guān)系：7．WhatWhathappened?是固定句型，表驚訝：8.1esslessthan5minutes表“不到五分鐘”。9．wasbuying過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表當(dāng)時(shí)正在買(mǎi)巧克力時(shí)，警察逮捕了他：10．a(chǎn)表一份獎(jiǎng)品：3.信息匹配閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。請(qǐng)閱讀下列某書(shū)店各書(shū)架的相關(guān)信息：SectionA:Do-It-YourselfSection---Ontheseshelvescustomerscanfindthelatestmanualsonhowtodoeverythingfrombuildingacomputertoconstructingyourownhome.SectionB:Sports2)你贊成哪一種學(xué)習(xí)方式，合作學(xué)習(xí)還是單獨(dú)學(xué)習(xí)?3)你以前采取什么學(xué)習(xí)方式，比較你先后采取兩種學(xué)習(xí)方式上的變化及不同結(jié)果。[寫(xiě)作要求]1．作文中可使用自己的親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；標(biāo)題自定。2．作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]概括準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，篇章連貫。[寫(xiě)作輔導(dǎo)]1．寫(xiě)作有可能用到的主要短語(yǔ)和單詞：熱情enthusiasm,合作學(xué)習(xí)studyingroups，單獨(dú)學(xué)習(xí)studyalone。2．本文的概要必須包含以下要點(diǎn)：Iprefertostudyalone.Ifindstudyingalonemorechallengingandexciting./IbelievethemosteffectivewaytolearnnewknowledgeisbyStudyingalone.3．本文要注意，概要一定要根據(jù)文段的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)寫(xiě)。同時(shí)，絕對(duì)不能抄襲原文的句子。文章是談你對(duì)同學(xué)間是否必要合作學(xué)習(xí)的看法，屬于評(píng)論性文字，故多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。但你以前采取何種學(xué)習(xí)方式屬于經(jīng)歷，必須使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：TheBestWaytoLearnInMikesspeech,weknowthathelikestostudyalonebecausestudyingaloneisthemosteffective,morechallengingandexcitingwaytolearnnewknowledge.PersonallyIlikestudyingingroups.Whenstudyingingroupswecanlearnfromeachother,shareourexperiencesinsolvingdifficultproblemsandlearnmoreinlesstime.InthepastIseldomhadtheconfidencetodiscussstudytopicswithmyclassmates.IalsohadlittleenthusiasmforstudyingasIfounditveryboring.ButfollowingmyteachersadviceIjoinedastudygroupandtomysurprisemyperformanceinclasswasimprovedgreatly.StudyingbecamemoreenjoyableandsomethingIlookedforwardtodoing,asIwasabletolearnfromaswellashelpothers.Soforme,studyingingroupsisbyfarthemosteffectivewaytolearn.Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars教案2
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
單元要覽類(lèi)別課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目話(huà)題Scienceofthestars;thedevelopmentoflife;spacetravelandgravity詞匯astronomyn.天文學(xué)existvi.存在;生存systemn.系統(tǒng);體系;制度thusadv.因此;于是religionn.宗教;宗教信仰dioxiden.二氧化物theoryn.學(xué)說(shuō);理論biologyn.生物學(xué)atomn.原子biologistn.生物學(xué)家billionpron.（美）十億puzzlen.迷;難題vt.（使）為難globen.球體;地球儀;地球gravityn.萬(wàn)有引力;重力violentadj.猛烈的;激烈的;強(qiáng)暴的floatvt.（使）漂浮n.漂浮物carbonn.碳gentleadj.溫和的;文雅的atmospheren.大氣層;氣氛physicistn.物理學(xué)家unlikeprep.不同;不像climaten.氣候fundamentaladj.基本的;基礎(chǔ)的crashvt.墜落harmfuladj.有害的spaceshipn.宇宙飛船acidn.酸pulln.拖;牽引力chainn.鏈子;連鎖;鎖鏈satelliten.衛(wèi)星;人造衛(wèi)星multiplyvt.增加massn.質(zhì)量;團(tuán);塊;大量oxygenn.氧exhaustvt.用盡;耗盡短語(yǔ)solarsystem太陽(yáng)系blockout擋?。ü饩€(xiàn)）intime及時(shí);終于cheerup感到高興;感到振奮layeggs下蛋nowthat既然givebirthto產(chǎn)生;分娩breakout突發(fā);爆發(fā)inone’sturn輪到某人;接著watchout密切注視;當(dāng)心;提防carbondioxide二氧化碳prevent...from阻止;制止重要句型1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.(betodo;what-clauseasthesubject)2.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.(so...that;itis/wasnot+adj.+whether-clause)3.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.(what-clauseasthesubject;that-clauseasthepredicative)4.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.[itis/was(not)+adj.+that]5.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.(whether-clauseasthesubject;dependon+whether-clauseastheobject)功能Instructions:Pleasepayattentionto...Pleasecheckthat....Youneed...Don’tforgetto...Makesurethat....Watchoutfor...You’dbetter...Youmust/mustn’t...Pleaselookat...語(yǔ)法NounclausesasthesubjectWhatitwastobecomewasuncertain......itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.Getstudentstolearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearthandmakingaspacetrip.2.HavestudentslearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsandletthemlearneffectivewaystorememberEnglishvocabulary.3.Enablestudentstousetheexpressionsofinstructionscorrectlyindailylife.4.Letstudentslearnthenewgrammaritem:nounclausesasthesubject.5.Developstudents’listening,speaking,readingandwritingabilities.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)1.Enablestudentstomastertheuseofnounclausesasthesubject.2.Letstudentslearntowriteashortarticletoshowtheirproblemsandthewaystoovercomethem.3.Developstudents’integrativeskills.課時(shí)安排Periodsneeded:7Period1WarmingupandreadingPeriod2Learningaboutlanguage:ImportantlanguagepointsPeriod3Learningaboutlanguage:GrammarPeriod4Usinglanguage:ListeningandspeakingPeriod5Usinglanguage:ExtensivereadingPeriod6Usinglanguage:SpeakingandwritingPeriod7Revision:Summingupandlearningtip
Period1Warmingupandreading
整體設(shè)計(jì)教材分析Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit.Atthebeginningoftheclass,theteachercanleadinthetopicoftheunitbyhavingafreetalkwithstudentsaboutsomefamousscientistsandwhattheyhavediscovered.ThenturntoWarmingUp.Itisintendedtohavestudentsthinkaboutandthendiscussthesetwogroupsofquestions:1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?Pre-readingistoremindstudentsthattheoriginoflifeontheearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomersandeachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganontheearth.Theteachershouldaskstudentswhattheyknowabouttheseandthenletthempredictwhatkindofinformationwillbeintroducedinthenextpart!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--Reading.ThereadingpassagetitledHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHprovidesstudentsabriefintroductiononhowtheuniversedevelopedandhowlifebeganontheearth.Itprovidesascientificbackgroundtoanyinvestigationintospaceanditisfactual.Studentsareencouragedtopreviewthetextandfindouttheusefulnewwords,expressionsandstructuresthemselves.Theyshouldtrytoworkoutthemeaningsofthenewwordsthroughthecontext.Thenifnecessary,theycanlookthemupinthedictionaryorturntotheteacherforhelp.Alsoencouragethemtolookatthepicturesandreadthetitletoguesswhatthetextmightbeabout.Thenletthemskimforthegeneralidea,andscanforfurtherunderstanding.Inordernottoletthemfeelmuchdifficult,theteachershoulddealwithanylanguageproblemswhiletheyarereading.Afterreading,studentsarerequiredtodothefiveexercisesintheComprehendingtoseehowmuchtheyhaveunderstoodthereadingpassage.Theteachercanfirstletthemworkinpairsoringroupstofindtheanswerscooperatively,andthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage,studentsshouldberequiredtoretellthepassage.Inordertoarousethestudents’interest,theteachercanholdacompetition.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.Letstudentsreadthepassageandlearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Getstudentstolearndifferentreadingskills,especiallythereadingabilityofunderstandingimpliedmeaningoftheauthor.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)1.Enablestudentstounderstandthepassageandknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Letstudentslearnhowtousedifferentreadingskillsfordifferentreadingpurposes.三維目標(biāo)知識(shí)目標(biāo)1.Getstudentstolearntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart:astronomy,system,religion,theory,atom,billion,globe,violent,carbon,atmosphere,unlike,fundamental,harmful,acid,chain,multiply,oxygen,exist,thus,dioxide,puzzle,solarsystem,intime,layeggs,givebirthto,inone’sturn,carbondioxide,prevent...from2.Letstudentslearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.能力目標(biāo)1.Developstudents’readingabilityandletthemlearndifferentreadingskills.2.Enablestudentstoknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.情感目標(biāo)1.Trainstudents’interestinscienceandstimulatetheirloveforastronomy.2.Developstudents’senseofcooperativelearning.
教學(xué)過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)方案（一）→Step1PresentationHaveafreetalkwithstudents.1.Letstudentsbrainstormthefollowingquestions:Whoareourancestors?Doyouknowwhatitwaslikebeforelifeappearedontheearth?Doyouknowhowlifebeganontheearth?Doyouwanttogetmoreinformation?2.Tellstudents:Todaywewilllearnsomethingabouthowlifebeganontheearth.TurntoPage25.Let’scometoWarmingUpfirst.→Step2WarmingupLetstudentsthinkaboutthefollowingquestionsandthendiscussthemwiththeirpartners.1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?!--?xml:namespaceprefix=vns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"/--VenusEarthMarsMercuryJupiterNeptuneSaturn2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?→Step3Pre-reading1.Getstudentstodiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.1)Theoriginoflifeonearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomers.Whatdoyouknowaboutit?2)Eachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganonearth.Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?2.Letthemtelltheirstories.Encouragethemtotelldifferentstories.Iftheydon’tknowany,tellthemsome,forexample,Panguseparatedtheskyfromtheearth,Panguturnedintoamyriadofthings,Nuwamademen,andsoon.3.Askthemtoreadthetitleandlookatthepictures.Predictwhatthereadingwillbeabout.→Step4Reading1.FastreadingGetstudentstoreadthepassagequicklyandthenwritedownthemainideaforeachparagraphandthewholepassageinthefollowingchart.HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHParagraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4Paragraph5ThepassageLetstudentslookthroughthechartandthenreadthetextsilently.Threeminuteslater,checktheanswerswiththewholeclass.2.IntensivereadingAllowstudentstoreadthepassagecarefullythistimetogettheimportantdetails,andthenfinishthefollowing:1)Puttheorderofdevelopmentoflifeintoatimeline.(1)Insectsandamphibiansappeared.(2)Dinosaursappeared.(3)Theearthbecameasolidball.(4)Smallplantsgrowonthewater.(5)Reptilesappeared.(6)Plantsbegintogrowondryland.(7)Theearthwasacloudofdust.(8)Waterappearedontheearth.(9)Shellfishandotherfishappeared.(10)Theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.(11)Cleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappeared.(12)Mammalsappeared.2)Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionaccordingtothetext.(1)Whatisimportantforthebeginningoflife?A.Thewaterontheearth.B.Theearth’satmosphere.C.Theformofforests.D.Dissolvingharmfulgases.(2)Whichofthefollowingappearedontheearthfirst?A.Insects.B.Reptiles.C.Amphibians.D.Shellfishandfish.(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.WaterstillexistsonMars.B.Theearth’satmosphereismadeupofoxygenandnitrogen.C.Theearthhaddissolvedtheharmfulatmosphereintotheoceansandseas.D.Plantsprovideoxygentotheearth.(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theappearanceanddevelopmentoflifeontheearth.B.Thebirthoftheearth.C.Whydinosaursdiedout.D.Thefactthathumanbeingscausedglobalwarming.Suggestedanswers:(1)A(2)D(3)D(4)A3.ReadinganddiscussionReadthetextathirdtimeandthenworkinpairstodiscussthefollowingquestions.1)Whywastheearthdifferentfromtheotherplanets?2)Whydidtheplantsgrowbeforetheanimalscame?3)Whyisitwrongtoshowfilmswithdinosaursandpeopletogether?4)Thereusedtobenineplanetsinthesolarsystem.Recentlyscientistshavedecidedthatoneofthemcannolongerbeconsideredaplanet.Doyouknowthenameofthatplanet?Doyouknowwhytheyremovedit?5)Whatproblemiscausedbyhumanbeings?(Letstudentshaveenoughtimetoreadthepassagecarefullyanddiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.Encouragethemtoexpresstheirownideas.)4.ExplanationHelpstudentsanalyzesomedifficult,longandcomplexsentencesandguessthemeaningofsomenewwords.Encouragethemtotrytodealwiththelanguagepointsinthecontext.Discussthefollowingimportantsentencesandphrasesinthepassage.1)Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.2)Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.3)Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervaporandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.4)Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.Suggestedexplanations:1)Whatleadsanounclauseasthesubjectandwhenleadsanattributiveclause.2)Here“whethertheshapewouldlastornot”isanounclauseasthesubject.3)Here“whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere”isanon-restrictiveattributiveclause.intime:1)soonerorlater;eventually2)intime(forsth./todosth.):notlateIwillseehimintime.Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.4)Inthissentence,therearetwoclausesledbywhether.Thefirstoneisanounclauseasthesubjectandthesecondastheobject.tocome:servesasattributiveSheisthelastpersontodosuchathing.dependon:somethingmightonlyhappenorbetrueifthecircumstancesarerightforitOursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshardornot.5.ReadingaloudandunderliningAskstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandletthempayattentiontothepronunciationofeachnewwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Tellthemtopickoutalltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsfromthepassagewhilereadingandcopythemtothenotebooksafterclassashomework.Collocations:ontheearth,accordingto,acloudofdust,so...that,whether...ornot,intime,watervapor,cooldown,onone’ssurface,allow...todo...,achainreaction,millionsof,onthesurfaceof,beableto,aswellas,bydoing....,layeggs,bedifferentfrom,givebirthto,spreadallovertheearth,inone’sturn,prevent...from,asaresultof,too...to...,dependon→Step5DiscussionAfterreadingthepassage,letstudentsdiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Whydoyouthinkthathumansarethecleverestanimalsontheearth?2.Doyoubelievethatthereislifeonotherplanets?Whyorwhynot?3.Doyouthinkitispossiblethatonedaypeoplewillmovetheirhousestootherplanets?→Step6ConsolidationAskstudentstoretellthepassagewiththehelpofthefollowing.acloudofdust→asolidball→presenceofwater→smallplantsgrowonthewater→shellfishandotherfishappear→plantsbegintogrowondryland→insectsandamphibiansappear→retilesappear→dinosaursappear→mammalsappear→Step7Homework1.Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.2.Readthereadingpassageagainandtrytotalkabouthowlifebeganontheearthinyourownwords.設(shè)計(jì)方案（二）→Step1LeadinginthetopicShowstudentsapictureaboutsolarsystem.Letthemmatchthenameswiththeplanets.→Step2WarmingupEachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouttheoriginoflifeontheearth.Letstudentstelldifferentstoriesthattheyknow.→Step3Predictingbylookinganddiscussing1.Lookatthepicturesandtitleofthereadingpassageanddiscussinpairswhatthepassagemightbeabout.2.Twoorthreestudentswillgivetheiropinions.3.Letthemreadthepassagequicklytoseeiftheyareright.→Step4Reading1.Givestudents3minutes,andaskthemtoskimthepassagetogetthegeneralideaforeachparagraphandthepassage.2.Givestudents5minutestoreadthepassagecarefully,andthenanswerthefollowingquestions.1)Whatwasthereontheearthbeforelifebegan?2)Whydoscientiststhinktherehasneverbeenlifeonthemoon?3)Whydidanimalsfirstappearinthesea?4)Whydogreenplantshelplifetodevelop?5)Whyweremammalsdifferentfromotheranimals?3.Givestudents4minutestoreadthepassageathirdtime.Encouragethemtotrytodealwiththelanguagepointsinthecontext.Givethemsomeexplanationsifnecessary.4.ListeningandreadingaloudLetstudentslistentothetape.Remindthemtopayattentiontothepronunciationofeachnewwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Thenaskthemtoreadthetextaloudtothetape.→Step5ExtensionLetstudentsthinkaboutanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Doyoubelievethatthereislifeonotherplanets?Whyorwhynot?2.Doyouthinkitispossiblethatonedaypeoplewillmovetheirhousestootherplanets?→Step6Closingdown1.Havestudentsgetpreparedin3minutesorsoandthenaskthemtoretellhowlifebeganontheearth.2.Askasmanystudentsaspossibletohaveatryinfrontoftheclass.→Step8Homework1.Gooverthetextandtrytolearnalltheusefulwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.2.FinishtheexercisesinComprehendingonPage27.
板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
Warmingupandreading
HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHParagraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4Paragraph5Thepassage活動(dòng)與探究Supposeyouareanexpertwhostudiesastronomy.YouareinvitedtogiveaspeechtotheschoolstudentsaboutthedevelopmentoflifeonEarthDay(April22).ReadthepassageHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHagainandgotothelibraryorsurftheInternettofindmoreinformationandbereadytopresentyourspeechtotheclass.Youmaybeginlikethis:Goodmorning/afternoon.Iamgreatlyhonoredtobeheretogiveyouaspeechaboutthedevelopmentoflife....
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars grammar 教案
Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars
grammar
Teachinggoals
1Targetlanguage
a重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語(yǔ)
suffer,settle,realize,worryabout,havegotto,tieup
b重點(diǎn)句子：
Hewasverydisappointed.
Whatitwastobecomewasamystery.
Tosavemoney,youmustuseasfewwordsaspossible.
c.Practisetalkingaboutproblemsinstudyorlife
Myproblemis…Thedifficultyis…Mytroubleis…
Thequestionis…Myadviceis…WhatIthinkaboutitis…
Thefactis…Mysuggestionis…
2Abilitygoals
LearntouseNounClausesasthesubject..
3Learningabilitygoals
LetSslearnhowtouseNounClausesasthesubject
Teachingimportantpoints
theuseofNounClausesasthesubject
Teachingdifficultpoints
HowtoteachtheSstolearntouseNounClausesasthesubject
Teachingmethods
Learngrammarthroughpractice
Teachingaids
computer
Teachingprocedures
Step1Revision
1.Checkretellingofthepassage.
Theexplosionoftheearthproducedwatervapor,whichturnedintowaterwhentheearthcooleddown.Waterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesintotheoceansandseas.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.Thearrivalofsmallplantsencouragedthedevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Manymillionsofyearslaterthefirstgreenplantsbegantoappearonland.Laterlandanimalsappeared.Somewereinsects.Others,calledamphibians,wereabletoliveonlandaswellasinthesea.Whentheplantsgrewintoforests,reptilesappearedforthefirsttime.Later,dinosaursdeveloped.Theybecamethemostimportantanimalsontheearthformillionsofyears.Aftertheydisappeared,mammalsbecamemoreimportant.Theywerethelastgroupofanimalsandtheyweredifferentbecausetheyproducedtheiryoungfromwithintheirbodies.Smallcleveranimals,withhandsandfeet,appearedandspreadallovertheearth.Astimewentby,theycoveredtheearthandhavebecomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.
2.Translatethefollowingsentences.
1.你遲早會(huì)成功的。
2.我的車(chē)與你的不一樣。
3.站在門(mén)旁邊的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？
4.他總是第一個(gè)來(lái)，最后一個(gè)離開(kāi)。
5.既然你已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大了，你自己決定吧。
Suggestedanswers:
1.You’llsucceedintime.
2.Mycarisdifferentfromyours.
3.Whoisthepersonstandingbythedoor?
4.He’salwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.
5.Nowthatyouhavegrownupyoucandecideityourself.
Step2Preparation
Showsomeexamplesentencesonthescreen.
1Atreehasfallenacrosstheroad.
2Youareastudent.
3Tofindyourwaycanbeaproblem.
4Smokingisbadforyou.
5“Howdoyoudo?”isagreeting.
6Whatshesaidisnotyetknown.
7Thatweshallbelateiscertain.
8It’scertainthatweshallbelate.
Whatpartdoestheunderlinedpartserveasineachsentence?Orfinditssubjectineachsentence.
Step3Grammar
定義：用作主語(yǔ)的從句叫主語(yǔ)從句，它是名詞性從句之一。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：連詞that,whether；連接代詞who,what和which；連接副詞when,where,how和why。
1)由what等代詞引起的主語(yǔ)從句：
Whattheteachersaidtodaywasquiteright.老師今天說(shuō)的話(huà)是十分正確的。
2)由連詞that引起的主語(yǔ)從句：
Thattheyarebadlyinneedofhelpisquiteclear.他們急需幫助，這是十分明顯的。
但是這類(lèi)句子在大多數(shù)情況下會(huì)放到整個(gè)句子的后部去，而用代詞it作形式主語(yǔ)。
3)由連接代詞或連接副詞以及whether引起的主語(yǔ)從句。
Whethertheywillsellthehouseisnotyetdecided.他們是否賣(mài)掉這所房子還沒(méi)有決定。
4)whatever,whoever也可引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。
Whateverwassaidheremustbekeptsecret.這里說(shuō)的話(huà)都應(yīng)當(dāng)保密。
Whoevermakesmistakesmustcorrectthem.凡犯了錯(cuò)誤的人都必須改正。
注意:上述例句中的主語(yǔ)從句都是放在句首,但有時(shí)為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,避免“頭重腳輕”,常用it作形式主語(yǔ),而把從句放在后面。例如:
Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.她犯了這樣一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤,真是遺憾。
這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型:
1)Itis+adj./n.+從句
Itisapity/shamethat...遺憾的是……
Itispossiblethat...很可能……
Itisunlikelythat...不可能……
2)It+不及物動(dòng)詞+從句
Itseems/appearsthat...似乎……
Ithappenedthat...碰巧……
3)It+be+過(guò)去分詞+從句
Itissaidthat...據(jù)說(shuō)……
Itisknowntoallthat...眾所周知……
Itisreportedthat...據(jù)報(bào)道……
Itisbelievedthat...據(jù)信……;人們相信……
Itissuggestedthat...有人建議……
單個(gè)的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；由and連接的兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
Step4practice
Ex1fillintheblanks.
1._____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
2._____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent
3.________the2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisknown.
4.________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
5.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
6.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.
7.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.
8.TheForeignMinistersaid,“__isourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”
9.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,____ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.
Ex2translation
1.誰(shuí)贏了比賽還不知道。
_______________isunknown.
2.他所說(shuō)的話(huà)是真的。
____________istrue.
3.我們要晚了，那是肯定無(wú)疑的。
_______________iscertain.
4.他去哪里還不清楚。
______________isnotclear.
5.很遺憾你不能來(lái)。
____________youcan’tcome.
Homework
Englishweeklypage4part3
Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars教案設(shè)計(jì)
Unit4Astronomy：Thescienceofthestars
1.spread
vt.散布;擴(kuò)大;延伸
Thebirdspreaditswings.那只鳥(niǎo)展開(kāi)了翅膀。
Fliesspreaddisease.蒼蠅傳播疾病。
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
spreadsth.withsth.用……抹/涂/鋪……
spread...on...把……抹/涂/鋪在……
bespreadfor擺好（桌子）準(zhǔn)備
spreadoneself[口]舒展四肢(躺下)
spreadout張開(kāi)，伸開(kāi)，鋪開(kāi)，展開(kāi)，伸長(zhǎng)
高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
PapermakingbeganinChinaandtoEurope.
(2009?12?河南鄭州檢測(cè))
A.SpreadB.grew
C.CarriedD.developed
解析:選A。句意為：造紙術(shù)起源于中國(guó)，又傳播到了歐洲。spread傳播。
2.method
n.方法
Hehasintroducedanewmethodofteaching.
他引進(jìn)了一種新的教學(xué)方法。
Whatisthemosteffectivemethodofbirthcontrol?
控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？
聯(lián)想拓展
bythismeans=inthisway=withthismethod
用這種方法
易混辨析
method/means
method側(cè)重“理論方法”，指做某事的具體步驟或程序。
anewteachingmethod一種新的教學(xué)方法
means（單復(fù)數(shù)同形）側(cè)重“通過(guò)手段”或“利用工具”去達(dá)到某種目的。
高手過(guò)招
選詞填空(method/means)（原創(chuàng)）
①Thequickestoftravelisbyplane.
②Shehasaveryscientificofdealingwithpoliticalproblems.
答案：①means②method
3.harmful
adj.有害的
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
dosb.harm/doharmtosb.對(duì)某人有害
meannoharm無(wú)意傷害別人;沒(méi)有惡意
harmone’simage/reputation損害某人的形象/名聲
domoreharmthangood弊大于利
Thereisnoharmin(sb.?s)doingsth.
=Itdoesnoharm(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事無(wú)害處
beharmfulto對(duì)……有害
harmn.充滿(mǎn)了……
inmass全部,全體;整個(gè)地
inthemass總體上;總的說(shuō)來(lái)
the(great)massof大多數(shù),大部分
massesofsth.大量的東西
高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetookpicturesofthem.
(2009?12?安徽合肥檢測(cè))
A.manyofB.massesof
C.thenumberofD.alargeamountof
解析:選B。句意為：年輕的舞蹈家們穿著美麗的衣服看起來(lái)很迷人，因此我們給他們拍了許多照片。massesof=lotsof，后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
5.pull
v.拉，拖，拔；移動(dòng)
n.拉，拖；牽(引)力
YoupushandI?llpull.
你來(lái)推，我來(lái)拉。
Ifeltapullatmysleeveandturnedround.
我覺(jué)得有人扯我的袖子，便轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)。
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
pullahead(ofsb./sth.)領(lǐng)先于（某人/物）
pull(sb.)back（使某人）退卻；撤回（某人）
pulloff(sth.)（指機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)輛）駛離（道路至路側(cè)停車(chē)處停下）pullout(sth.)拉掉；使分離；掏出；駛離（車(chē)站）
pullon穿，戴上（襪子、手套等）
pulltogether同心協(xié)力；通力合作
高手過(guò)招
用pull相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）
①I(mǎi)arrivedasthelasttrainwas.
②Heagunandaimedatthecriminal.
③Solongaswe,there’snomountaintopwecan’tconquer.
答案：①pullingout②pulledout③pulltogether
6.cheer
vt.on③cheering
7.puzzle
vt.in②existon③existence
重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
9.intime意為“及時(shí)”時(shí)相當(dāng)于earlyenough,soonenough;意為“終于，早晚”時(shí)相當(dāng)于soonerorlater。
Wegottothestationjustintimetocatchthebus.
=Wegottothestationjustintimeforthebus.
我們到達(dá)車(chē)站時(shí)，剛好趕上了那班汽車(chē)。
Thedoctorcameintimetosaveherlife.
醫(yī)生及時(shí)趕來(lái)救了她的命。
You?llsucceedintimeifyoukeeponworkinghard.
假若堅(jiān)持努力下去，你遲早會(huì)成功的。
聯(lián)想拓展
beintimeforsth./beintimetodosth.
對(duì)于某事是及時(shí)的/及時(shí)做某事
aheadoftime提前；提早
allthetime一直；始終
atonetime曾經(jīng)；一度
atatime一次
attimes有時(shí)
atthesametime同時(shí)；然而；可是
fromtimetotime不時(shí)；偶爾
innotime立刻；馬上
takeone?stime不急，慢慢來(lái)
timeandtimeagain一次又一次；一再
高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
—IwasdisappointedintimewhenIdidn’tpasstheexaminations.
—Don’tbesodiscouraged.You’llbesuccessfulin
time.(2009?12?河南平頂山檢測(cè))
A./;/B.a;aC./;aD.a;/
解析:選D。句意為：——我沒(méi)通過(guò)考試那段時(shí)間我很失望?！?jiǎng)e灰心。你遲早會(huì)成功的。第一個(gè)空考查的是when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，表示在某段時(shí)間里，故應(yīng)用inatime。而第二個(gè)空表示“遲早”，故用intime。
10.prevent...from
阻止；制止
Theheavyrainpreventedusfromgoingthere.
這場(chǎng)大雨使我們沒(méi)能到那里去。
易混辨析
prevent/stop/keep/protect
prevent,stop,keep與protect四者的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)為：
prevent...(from)doingsth.；stop...(from)doingsth.；keep...fromdoingsth.;均表示“阻止……做某事”。
上述三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中stop與prevent后可省去from，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不可省略;而keep...from...中的from在任何情況下都不能省略。另外，
protect...from...表示“保護(hù)……不受……侵襲；阻擋；防御”。from后接能帶來(lái)傷害或損害的事物。
Thisplanwillbekeptfrombeingcarriedout.
這個(gè)計(jì)劃將被阻止實(shí)施。
高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
Somepolicemenshouldbesenttothemthetrees.
（原創(chuàng)）
A.prevent;tocutdownB.stop;cuttingdown
C.keep;tocutdownD.keep;cuttingdown
解析:選B。句意為：應(yīng)該派一些警察去阻止他們砍伐樹(shù)木。keep/prevent/stop...fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事,其中keep...fromdoingsth.中的from不可省略。故選B。
11.breakout
突發(fā)；爆發(fā)（無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Troublemaybreakoutatanymoment.
災(zāi)難在任何時(shí)候都可能突然發(fā)生。
Whendidthewarbreakout?戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)什么時(shí)候爆發(fā)的？
Itwasatmidnightthatafirebrokeout.
在午夜時(shí)分發(fā)生了一起大火。
聯(lián)想拓展
breakawayfrom脫離（政黨等）；打破（陳規(guī)等）
breakdown出故障；（計(jì)劃等）失敗；（身體、精神等）垮掉
breakin破門(mén)而入，闖入；打斷（話(huà)語(yǔ)）等
breakinto破門(mén)而入；突然……起來(lái)
breakoff折斷；突然中止；斷絕；結(jié)束
breakthrough突破
breakup敲碎；放假；散會(huì)
易混辨析
comeabout/happen/takeplace/breakout/occur
comeabout發(fā)生，相當(dāng)于happen,takeplace。后面不可以接賓語(yǔ)，也不可以使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
happen強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然發(fā)生。
takeplace指按計(jì)劃、安排發(fā)生；舉行
breakout多用于指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾病、疫情的突然爆發(fā)。
occur常用于句式：sth.occurstosb.某事發(fā)生在某人身上。
高手過(guò)招
用break相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）
①AterribletsunamiinthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.
②WhendoyouforChristmas?
③Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshave.
④Hishousewaslastweek.
答案：①brokeout②breakup③brokendown④brokeninto
12.blockout
擋住（光線(xiàn)）
Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.那堵墻把光線(xiàn)都遮住了。
聯(lián)想拓展
burstout大聲喊叫;突然……起來(lái)
goout外出；過(guò)時(shí)；熄(燈)
putout關(guān)(燈)；撲滅；生產(chǎn)
comeout出現(xiàn)，顯露；出版;結(jié)果是
helpout幫助解決難題(或擺脫困境)
lookout留神；注意
watchout注意；提防；向外看
findout找出，查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)
pickout挑出;辨認(rèn)出，分辨出
speakout大聲地說(shuō);大膽地說(shuō)
thinkout仔細(xì)思考(某事)；想出（主意等）
hangout掛出;閑逛
knockout(拳)擊中，擊倒，打昏
sellout售完(某種貨物)，脫銷(xiāo)
turnout結(jié)果證明是
runout(of)用完，耗盡
checkout結(jié)賬離去，辦妥手續(xù)離去
giveout分發(fā)（試卷等）；發(fā)出（光、熱等）；用盡；耗完；筋疲力盡
高手過(guò)招
用out相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）
①Attheendoftheracehislegsandhecollapsedontheground.
②It’seasytohiminacrowdbecauseheisverytall.
③Hisnewbookwillnextmonth.
④Wethoughtitwasgoingtorain;ittobeafineday.
⑤Weof/fromourhotelat5a.m.tocatcha7a.m.flight.
答案：①gaveout②pick;out③comeout④turnedout⑤checkedout
13.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
隨后它會(huì)變成什么沒(méi)人能知道，直到38~45億年前，這團(tuán)塵埃才慢慢地形成一個(gè)固體的球狀物。
Whatitwastobecome...是what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，what在從句中作become的賓語(yǔ)。
Whatsurprisedeverybodywasthathedidn’tcometothemeeting.
使大家驚奇的是他竟沒(méi)有參加會(huì)議。
Whathedidaddedtoourdifficulty.
他所做的增加了我們的困難。
“be+動(dòng)詞不定式”在本句中表示按照計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
Whenaretheytohandintheirplan?
他們的計(jì)劃什么時(shí)候交上來(lái)？
YouaretodoyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.
你得做完了作業(yè)才能看電視。
聯(lián)想拓展
“be+to”還可以表示以下含義：
表示可能性，相當(dāng)于can,主要用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句。表示命令，意為“必須，不得不”，意思等同于must,haveto，表示假設(shè)。表示“命運(yùn)注定……”，通常用于過(guò)去時(shí)。
HowamItoknowwhathasbecomeofhim?
我怎么知道他的遭遇如何呢？
CertainskillsmustbelearnedifoneistouseEnglishwell.
如果想要用好英語(yǔ)，某些技巧是必須學(xué)的。
Hewasnevertoseehiswifeagain.
他注定再也見(jiàn)不到他妻子了。
Werewetoofferyoumoremoney,wouldyoustay?
如果我們給你加錢(qián)，你愿意留下嗎？
高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
Indryweathertheflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.（原創(chuàng)）
A.havesurvivedB.aretosurvive
C.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive
解析:選B。考查真實(shí)條件句。aretosurvive在此處并不表示將來(lái)，而表示“期望”。
14.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.
而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步的時(shí)候，我發(fā)覺(jué)我被送出去很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。
twiceas...as...是……的兩倍
聯(lián)想拓展
英語(yǔ)中的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：
倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as是……的幾倍
倍數(shù)+adj./adv.的比較級(jí)+than比……(多/大)幾倍
倍數(shù)+the+表示長(zhǎng)度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of是……長(zhǎng)度/高度/寬度的幾倍，此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,width,depth等。
Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.
=Thisruleristwicelongerthanthatone.
=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.
這把尺子是那把的三倍長(zhǎng)。
Therearefourtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.
到的學(xué)生是我們預(yù)計(jì)的五倍。
高手過(guò)招
(1)翻譯句子（原創(chuàng)）
這個(gè)房子是那個(gè)的三倍大。
(2)完成句子
到的客人是我們預(yù)計(jì)的兩倍。
Thereareweexpected.
答案：(1)Thishouseisthreetimesasbigasthatone./Thishouseistwicebiggerthanthatone./Thishouseisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.
(2)twiceasmanyguestsas
