小學(xué)三年英語教案

高三英語教案：《Astronomy：the science of the stars》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。

一名合格的教師要充分考慮學(xué)習(xí)的趣味性，作為教師就要根據(jù)教學(xué)內(nèi)容制定合適的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠在教學(xué)期間跟著互動(dòng)起來，幫助教師能夠更輕松的上課教學(xué)。那么一篇好的教案要怎么才能寫好呢？下面的內(nèi)容是小編為大家整理的高三英語教案：《Astronomy：the science of the stars》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)，歡迎閱讀，希望您能夠喜歡并分享！

Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空

1．You’d better take something to read when you go to see the doctor________you have to wait.

A．even if B．a(chǎn)s if

C．in case D．in order that

2．While in university，we were offered a number of after school activities to________our social skills.

A．create B．grow

C．develop D．settle

3．We can’t continue to pretend that the problem of homelessness doesn’t________in this city.

A．exist B．live

C．be D．survive

4．________you’ve got a chance，you might as well make full use of it.[來源:Z|xx|k.Com]

A．For B．Because

C．Even though D．Now that

5．—Can I look at the menu for a few more minutes before I decide?

—Of course.________，sir.

A．Make yourself at home B．Enjoy yourself

C．It doesn’t matter D．Take your time

6．Completely lost in the exciting________of the football match，Tom didn’t feel his pocket picked.

A．scene B．view

C．a(chǎn)tmosphere D．sight

7．(2007年天津卷)He didn’t make________clear when and where the meeting would be held.

A．this B．that

C．it D．these

8．________he will offer us enough help doesn’t matter a lot to our success.

A．If B．Whether

C．Before D．How

9．I’m planning to hold a party in the open air，but I can make no guarantees because it________the weather.

A．links with B．depends on

C．connects to D．decides on

10．—I’m thinking of the test tomorrow；I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.

—________！I’m sure you’ll make it.

A．Go ahead B．Good luck

C．No problem D．Cheer up

11．Don’t talk about such a thing in the________of young children.

A．a(chǎn)ppearance B．surface

C．existence D．presence

12．Ten years ago，the population of our village was________that of theirs.

A．a(chǎn)s twice large as B．twice as large as

C．twice as much as D．a(chǎn)s twice much as

13．—Why does Mr Black look so sad this morning?

—I hear that a fire________in his house and lots of valuable things were burned last night.

A．broke into　 B．broke up

C．broke down D．broke out

14．I intended to catch the early train，but I didn’t get up______.

A．a(chǎn)t a time B．a(chǎn)t one time

C．in time D．in no time

15．The harm the modern farming methods have done________the countryside is considerable.

A．on B．to

C．a(chǎn)t D．for

Ⅱ.閱讀理解

(2009年東北三校第二次聯(lián)考，A)

It was Molly’s job to hand her father his brown paper lunch bag each morning before he headed off to work.

One morning，in addition to his usual lunch bag，Molly handed him a second paper bag.This one was worn and held together with staples (書釘)．

“Why two bags？” her father asked.“The other is something else，” Molly answered.“What’s in it？”“Just some stuff (東西)．Take it with you.”

Not wanting to discuss the matter，he put both sacks into his briefcase，kissed Molly and rushed off.At midday he opened Molly’s bag and took out the contents：two hair ribbons (絲帶)，three small stones，a plastic dinosaur，a tiny sea shell，a small doll，and 13 pennies...The busy father smiled，finished eating，and swept the desk clean into the wastebasket，Molly’s stuff included.

That evening，Molly ran up behind him as he read the paper.“Where’s my bag？”“What bag？”“The one I gave you this morning.”“I left it at the office，my dear.”“I forgot to put this note in it，” she said.“And，besides，Daddy，the things in the sack are the things I really like.I thought you might like to play with them.You didn’t lose the bag，did you，Daddy？”“Oh，no，” he said，lying.“I just forgot to bring it home.I’ll bring it tomorrow.”While Molly hugged her father’s neck，he unfolded the note that read，“I love you，Daddy.” Molly had given him her treasures—all that a 7-year-old held dear.

Love was in a paper bag，and he missed it—not only missed it，but had thrown it in the wastebasket.So he went back to the office.Just ahead of the night janitor (看門人)，he picked up the bag from the wastebasket.He put the treasures inside and carried it home carefully.The bag didn’t look so good，but the stuff was all there and that’s what counted.

After dinner，he asked Molly to tell him about the stuff in the sack.It took a long time to tell.[來源:學(xué)#科#網(wǎng)Z#X#X#K]

Everything had a story or a memory.

“Sometimes I think of all the great times in this sweet life.” he thought.We should all remember that it’s not the destination that counts in life，but the journey.That journey with the people we love is all that really matters.It is such a simple truth but it is so easily forgotten.

1．Why did Molly give her father a second bag?

A．She didn’t want to keep the things in the Bag.

B．She hoped those things would bring happiness to her father.

C．She wanted to remind her father of the stories behind the things.

D．She enjoyed playing with her father.

2．How did Father deal with the bag after he opened it?

A．He kept it in the drawer.

B．He took it back home.

C．He threw it into the wastebasket.

D．He put it on his table.

3．After Father heard what his daughter said，he felt________.

A．regretful B．surprised

C．sad D．satisfied

4．Which of the following is the most suitable title of the passage?

A．An Important Journey B．Two Bags

C．Father and Daughter D．Love in a Paper Bag

Stop wasting your time thinking of reasons for your failures and shortcomings.Instead，realize that the seeds of success were planted within you when you were born.Only you have the power to make those seeds grow.

The seeds and the power to grow them are contained in the human mind.Success is a choice but not a chance.You can be a success if only you make the right choice.

You cannot be successful without first developing yourself-esteem (自尊)．Your level of self-esteem is always based on the degree of control that you are able to exercise over yourself，and thus over your life.People with low self-esteem do not believe that they have any power，or responsibility for their lives.They are leaves tossed (搖擺) by the winds of chance brought about with any sudden change in the weather.

You can exercise control over your life only to the degree that you believe that you are responsible for whatever happens in your life.Failures think that everything happens by accident while successful people realize that they are responsible.

Everything happens as a result of something.If we can identify the cause，we can control the effect.We are responsible for what we consciously choose to accept and believe.Thoughts and beliefs cause everything.Our attitudes and actions are a result of habits ingrained in us over a period of time.One generally rises to the level that one expects.We are responsible for setting our expectations.Our success depends upon our level of confidence.We are responsible for either reinforcing good habits or kicking bad habits and consciously replacing them with consistently practiced good habits.

If you associate with positive-thinking people，you are definitely going to achieve success.On the contrary，the opposite happens.We are responsible for finding，planting，and nurturing (培育) the seeds that contain future victory，born from setbacks.

In short，in all areas of your life，whether they are financial，physical，emotional，or spiritual，you are responsible.Once you recognize this，accept it，and firmly believe it，you are on the road to success.

5．Losers would think that________.

A．success is the result of hard work

B．working hard will lead to success

C．they fail only because of bad luck

D．they don’t make efforts to succeed

6．It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that________.[來源:Zxxk.Com]

A．whether we will succeed depends on our attitudes

B．developing confidence is the key to future success

C．thoughts and beliefs are the result of creative mind

D．setting our expectations is essential before taking action

7．The last paragraph serves as________.

A．the proof of the author’s point

B．the conclusion of the argument

C．a(chǎn)n introduction to another topic

D．a(chǎn) comparison between two views[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)]

8．Which is the best title of the text?

A．Success is a choice B．The secrets of success[實(shí)用申請(qǐng)書 373939.Com]

C．Develop our confidence D．How to achieve success

答案：

Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空

1．C　由句意“看醫(yī)生時(shí)最好帶點(diǎn)東西讀，以防需要等”可知應(yīng)用in case。in order that為了，even if即使及as if好像，均與語境不符，故選C。

2．C　develop表示“發(fā)展”。句意為：大學(xué)期間我們有許多課外活動(dòng)來發(fā)展我們的社交技能。

3．A　exist表示“存在”。句意為：我們不能繼續(xù)假裝在我們城市沒有無家可歸的人的問題。live in居住，survive存活，都不合題意

4．D　考查連詞的用法。句意為：既然你已獲得了機(jī)會(huì)，就不防充分利用。for是并列連詞，用來補(bǔ)充說明理由，不能放在句首。because語氣最強(qiáng)，表直接原因。even though表示“即使”，不合句意。now that說明已成為事實(shí)的理由，常譯為“既然”，相當(dāng)于since。

5．D　考查交際用語。句意為：——我能看一會(huì)兒菜單后再作決定嗎？——當(dāng)然可以，先生，你慢慢看。take one’s time表示“慢慢來，別著急”，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選D。

6．C　atmosphere表示“氛圍、氣氛”。句意為：由于完全沉醉在足球賽的令人興奮的氛圍中，湯姆全然不知有人掏他的口袋。其他選項(xiàng)無此意。

7．C　句意為：他沒說清楚會(huì)議將于何時(shí)、何地舉行。依題干句式結(jié)構(gòu)，make后缺形式賓語。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C項(xiàng)it能在句子中作形式主語或賓語。

8．B　whether連詞“是否”，引導(dǎo)主語從句，不作成分，if不能引導(dǎo)主語從句。

9．B　本題考查動(dòng)詞短語。link with聯(lián)系著；depend on依賴；connect to連接；decide on決定。由題意不難推出答案為B。句意為：我計(jì)劃舉行一次露天聚會(huì)，但是我不敢保證，因?yàn)檫@要取決于天氣。

10．D　本題考查交際用語。go ahead用吧，拿吧，請(qǐng)吧，一般用于回答允許別人做某事；good luck祝你好運(yùn)；no problem沒問題，都與題意不符。cheer up用于鼓勵(lì)別人，意為“加油，打起精神”。句意為：“我在想明天的考試，我很擔(dān)心這次通過不了?！薄按蚱鹁?，我相信你一定行的?！?/p>

11．D　句意為：不要當(dāng)著小孩子的面談?wù)撨@樣的問題。appearance出現(xiàn)；surface表面；existence存在；in the presence of sb.當(dāng)著某人的面。

12．B　句意為：十年前我們村的人口是他們村的兩倍。population往往與large或small搭配，且形容詞比較級(jí)的結(jié)構(gòu)之一為：倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞原級(jí)＋as...。

13．D　考查短語辨析。break out爆發(fā)。break into破門而入；break up分裂；break down損壞。

14．C　考查短語辨析。in time及時(shí)。句意為：我本來打算趕早班的火車，但是我沒能及時(shí)起床。

15．B　do harm to sb./sth.為固定短語，意為“對(duì)……有害”，且“the modern farming...countryside”為定語從句修飾harm。

。

Ⅱ.閱讀理解

1．B　根據(jù)文章第五段可知，小女孩以為自己喜歡的那些東西，父親一定也喜歡，并會(huì)給他帶來快樂。

2．C　根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知，父親將女兒的東西丟進(jìn)了廢紙簍。

3．A　由第六段可知，父親很后悔自己輕率的行為。

4．D　小女孩將自己心愛的東西裝在紙袋里，希望它能給父親帶來快樂，其實(shí)她是將自己對(duì)父親的愛裝在紙袋里面了。

5．C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第四段可知，失敗者總是認(rèn)為事情的發(fā)生都是偶然的，因此他們會(huì)把自己的失敗歸因于時(shí)運(yùn)不濟(jì)。

6．A　推理判斷題。第五段講述成功的秘訣：人們的思想和信念決定一切。走向成功需要對(duì)自己充滿期望和自信。

7．B　最后一段開頭的短語In short暗示本段為文章的結(jié)論部分。

8．A　主旨大意題。本文圍繞一個(gè)中心來寫“成功是你我的選擇”。

擴(kuò)展閱讀

高三英語教案：《the science of the stars》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

●重點(diǎn)單詞

1．a(chǎn)stronomy n．天文學(xué)→astronomer n．天文學(xué)家

2．system n．系統(tǒng)；體系；制度

3．theory n．學(xué)說；理論→theoretical adj.理論上的

4．globe n．球體；地球儀；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的

5．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈地

6．a(chǎn)tmosphere n．大氣層；氣氛

7．unlike prep.不同；不像→dislike vt.不喜歡

8．presence n．出席；到場(chǎng)；存在→present adj. & n. & v．在場(chǎng)的；目前，現(xiàn)在；出席；頒發(fā)，授予

9．harmful adj.有害的；傷害的→harm n．危害，害處→harmless adj.無害的

10．exist vi.存在，生存→existence n．存在，生存

11．puzzle n．謎；難題vt. & vi.(使)迷惑；(使)為難→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的

12．gravity n．萬有引力；重力

13．satellite n．衛(wèi)星；人造衛(wèi)星

14．climate n．氣候

15．spaceship n．宇宙飛船

16．pull n. & vt.拉(力)；拖；牽引力

17．float vi. & vt.(使)浮動(dòng)；(使)漂浮 n．漂浮物

18．mass n．質(zhì)量；團(tuán)；塊；大量；(復(fù))群眾

●重點(diǎn)短語

1．in time　及時(shí)；終于

2．lay eggs 下蛋

3．give birth to 產(chǎn)生；分娩

4．in one’s turn 輪到某人；接著

5．prevent...from 阻止；制止

6．block out 擋住(光線)

7．cheer up 感到高興；感到振奮

8．now that 既然

9．break out 突發(fā)；爆發(fā)

10．watch out 密切注視；當(dāng)心；提防

11．cool down 冷卻

12．a(chǎn)s well as 也；還有……

13．depend on 依靠；依賴，取決于

14．get close to 靠近

●重點(diǎn)句型

1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

這就形成一個(gè)連鎖反應(yīng)，使生命發(fā)展成為可能。

2．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.

而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步時(shí)，我發(fā)覺我被送出很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。

3．...walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.……既然重力改變了，行走的確需要一些練習(xí)。

●高考范文

(2009·陜西卷)

假定你是李華。在一個(gè)英文網(wǎng)絡(luò)論壇上，你看到一個(gè)名叫Grown－up的中學(xué)生發(fā)帖(post)尋求幫助，請(qǐng)根據(jù)帖子內(nèi)容、寫作要點(diǎn)和要求回貼。

Grown－up Post at 18－5－2009 20：08

? Hi, everyone，

I'm 17 years old and I am going to university this autumn. But my mother continues to treat me as a seven－year－old. What should I do?

TOP

Last Topic　Next Topic ＋REPLY?。玁EW

寫作要點(diǎn)：

1．告訴Grown－up要理解母親；

2．給Grown－up提出解決問題的具體建議。

要求：

1.短文需寫在答題卡的指定區(qū)域。

2.短文詞數(shù)不少于80(不含已寫好的部分)。

3.內(nèi)容充實(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，語意連貫。

4.書寫須清晰、工整。

Hi, Grown－up，

As a student of your age, I understand your situation.

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

[范文]

Hi，Grown－up，

As a student of your age, I understand your situation. The problem you are facing is common among our teenagers. However, it should be wise not to do anything that may hurt her feelings. Here are a few suggestions.

First, it's advisable to talk more with your mom. I learnt talks help you understand each other better. They are also opportunities to let her know your ideas of and attitudes toward many things.

Second, you should learn to do your own things well, proving to your mom that you are already a “grown－up”， It's even better if you could share more of the housework, such as cleaning, washing and cooking.

考 點(diǎn) 探 究

互動(dòng)探究·能力備考

Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關(guān)

1．harmful adj. 有害的；傷害的

harm n．&vt. 損傷；傷害

harmless adj. 無害的

harmlessness n. 無害

be harmful to 對(duì)……有害

do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 對(duì)某人有害

do more harm than good 弊大于利

There is (no) harm in (sb.‘s) doing sth.

(某人)做某事有(無)害處。

It does (no) harm (for sb.) to do sth. (對(duì)于某人來說)

做某事有(無)害處。

mean no harm 沒有惡意

[即學(xué)即練1](1)Fruit juice can ______ __________ ______ children‘s teeth.果汁可能損壞兒童的牙齒。

(2)What he did _________ his reputation.

他所做的損害了他的名聲。

be

harmful

to

harmed

(3)He may look fierce, but he _________ ______ ______.

他可能看上去很兇，但并無惡意。

(4)The court case will ______ ______ ______ ______ my business.這起訴訟案件將嚴(yán)重?fù)p害我的生意。

means

no

harm

do

serious

harm

to

2．exist vi. 存在；生存；維持生活

existent adj. 存在的，現(xiàn)存的　existence n. 存在，生存

There exists/existed....某地有……，存在……

exist in 存在于……之中

exist on 靠……為生

exist by 靠……生存

come into existence 開始存在；成立

bring into existence 使發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生

[即學(xué)即練2](1)________ always ________ a force of attraction between two bodies. 兩物體間總是存在著吸引力。

(2)They ______ ______ very little food.

他們靠極少的食物來生存。

(3)That word doesn‘t ______ in English.

英語中沒有這個(gè)詞。

There

exists

exist

on

exist

(4)Fish can't ______ ______ ______ ______.

魚離開水就不能生存。

(5)When did the world ______ ______ ______________？

世界是什么時(shí)候開始產(chǎn)生的？

exist

out

of

water

come

into

existence

3．puzzle vt. 使困惑；使糊涂　n. 難題；謎

puzzling adj. 令人困惑的

puzzled adj. 感到困惑的

puzzle about/over sth. 苦苦思索；仔細(xì)琢磨

puzzle sth. out 琢磨出……的答案；開動(dòng)腦筋

be in a puzzle about sth. 對(duì)某事迷惑不解

set a puzzle for sb.(＝set sb. a puzzle) 出個(gè)謎語叫某人猜

be puzzled by 被……迷惑

[即學(xué)即練3](1)It's quite ______ ______ ______ us why he did that.

他為何做那樣的事，我們完全搞不懂。

(2)This sentence _________ me. 這個(gè)句子令我困惑。

(3)I ______ ________ how to solve the problem.

我不知道怎樣解決這個(gè)問題。

(4)The question is ________ to me. 這個(gè)問題令我困惑。

a

puzzle

to

puzzles

was

puzzled

puzzling

4．in one’s turn輪到某人；接著

in turn依次；輪流；轉(zhuǎn)而；反過來

by turns輪流；交替

take one’s turn輪到某人做……了

take turns依次；輪班，輪流

on the turn正在轉(zhuǎn)變，正在變化

out of turn不合時(shí)宜地，魯莽地

[即學(xué)即練4](1)The girls called out their names ______ ______.

那些女孩兒逐一報(bào)出了自己的名字。

(2)We make every effort to make more films, and ______ ______ this creates further environmental pollution.

我們?cè)诮吡ιa(chǎn)出更多的電影，反過來這又造成了進(jìn)一步的環(huán)境污染。

in

turn

in

turn

(3)We kept watch ______ ______.

＝We ______ ______ to keep watch.

我們輪流守望。

by

turns

took

turns

5．prevent...from 阻止；制止

stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

protect sb. from...保護(hù)某人不受……侵襲，擋住，防御

keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事

[即學(xué)即練5](1)What can we do to ___________________ this disease ______ ___________？我們能做什么來防止這種疾病蔓延呢？

(2)Don't ______ others ________ for long.不要讓別人等太久。

prevent/stop/keep

from

spreading

keep

waiting

提示：(1)在被動(dòng)句中 from 均不能省略。如：

We were stopped/prevented/kept from going out by the heavy rain.

大雨使我們無法外出。

(2)protect...from...中 from后接能帶來傷害或損害之事物。如：

They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind. 他們擠在一起，免受風(fēng)吹。

6．cheer up 感到高興；感到振奮

cheer sb. up 使某人高興；使某人振奮

cheer on 為……加油

cheer sb. 為某人喝彩

with good cheer 欣然地

Cheers! 干杯！祝你健康！(用于祝酒)

[即學(xué)即練6](1)______ ______！ The news isn't too bad.

振作一點(diǎn)吧！也不是什么太壞的消息。

(2)Every time an English runner won a race, the crowd _________.每次英國選手贏得賽跑冠軍，觀眾就歡呼。

(3)The crowd __________ their favourite horse ______.

觀眾都替他們看好的馬加油。

Cheer

up

cheered

cheered

on

7．break out (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、災(zāi)難、瘟疫等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)(無被動(dòng)語態(tài))

①The Second World War broke out in September 1939.

“二戰(zhàn)”是1939年9月爆發(fā)的。

②A fire broke out in the neighborhood last night.

昨晚居民區(qū)里發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。

拓展：break away from 脫離(政黨等)；打破(陳套等)

break down 出故障，拋錨；(計(jì)劃等)失??；(身體、精神等)垮掉；打倒，砸破；(化合物等)分解

break in 破門而入；闖入；打斷(話語等)

break into 破門而入，突然……起來

break off 折斷；突然中止，斷絕，結(jié)束

break through 突破

break up 打碎，拆散；散開，解散；(學(xué)校)期末放假，(集會(huì))結(jié)束

break into pieces 成為碎片

[即學(xué)即練7]　介、副詞填空

(1)She started to speak, then broke ______ while a waitress served us with coffee.

(2)He lost his job and his marriage broke ______.

(3)Her health broke ________ under the pressure of work.

off

up

down

(4)Should another world war break ______， what would become of human beings?

(5)Firemen had to break the door ______ to reach the people trapped inside.

(6)The meeting broke ______ at eleven o'clock.

out

down

up

8．watch out 注意；當(dāng)心

watch out(for)＝ look out (for)

密切注意；留神

take care 留神，注意

be careful 仔細(xì)，留神

watch it 當(dāng)心，小心

watch over 照看；看守

keep a close watch/eye on 密切注視

[即學(xué)即練8](1)______ ______！ There is a car coming!

當(dāng)心！有車來了！

(2)______ ______ ______ cars while crossing the road.

過馬路時(shí)要當(dāng)心車輛。

(3)______ ______ not to catch a cold.＝______ ______ not to catch a cold. 當(dāng)心別著涼。

Watch

out

Watch

out

for

Be

careful

Take

care

Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型詳解

1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

這就形成一個(gè)連鎖反應(yīng)，使生命發(fā)展成為可能。

本句中 it做形式賓語，真正的賓語為不定式短語 for life to develop。it做形式賓語還可以代替動(dòng)名詞或從句。

①He thinks it his duty to help others.

他認(rèn)為幫助別人是他的職責(zé)。

②He made it a rule to get up at six every morning.

他把每天早晨6點(diǎn)起床作為一項(xiàng)規(guī)定。

③We consider it no use going to the seaside.

我們認(rèn)為去海邊沒用處。

④We all consider it a pity that you didn‘t come to the party.

我們都認(rèn)為你沒有來參加聚會(huì)很遺憾。

⑤I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.

我不喜歡人們說話時(shí)嘴里有滿滿的東西。

⑥You may depend on it that we’re honest.

你可以相信我們是誠實(shí)的。

拓展：it還可以做形式主語，代替真正的主語——不定式(或不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))、動(dòng)名詞(或動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))或從句。

(1)It's＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth. 對(duì)某人來說做某事是……的。

(2)It's＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事……

(3)It's/was/...who/that...是某人/某物做……

(4)It is/was the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that...＋主語＋have/had done...

這是某人第……次做……

(5)It is (high) time that...＋主語＋did/should do...

是……該做……的時(shí)候了。

(6)It's said/reported/believed/announced that...

據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道/據(jù)猜測(cè)/據(jù)稱……

(7)It‘s a pity/a shame/a wonder...that...

可惜/遺憾/奇怪……的是……

(8)It happens/appears/seems that... 恰巧/看來/好像……

(9)It looks/seems as if... 看起來好像……

(10)It’s up to sb. to do... 該某人做……了

[即境活用1]　(1)He didn't make ______ clear when and where the meeting would be held.

A．this　B．that

C．it D．these

解析：it做形式賓語，真正賓語為 when and where從句。

答案：C

(2)I'd appreciate ______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.

A．that B．it

C．this D．you

解析：it做形式賓語，代替 if從句。

答案：B

2．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.

而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步時(shí)，我發(fā)覺我被送出很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。

倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式有：

(1)“A＋倍數(shù)＋形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)＋than＋B”，表示“A比B大(長(zhǎng)、高、寬等)多少倍”。

(2)“A＋倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)＋as＋B”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。

(3)“A＋倍數(shù)＋the size/height/length/width, etc.＋of＋B”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。

(4)“A＋倍數(shù)＋what從句”，表示“A是……的多少倍”。

①Asia is four times as large as Europe.

＝The size of Asia is four times that of Europe.

＝Asia is four times the size of Europe.

＝Asia is three times larger than Europe.

亞洲是歐洲的四倍大(比歐洲大三倍)。

②Our total income of 1994 was double that of 1992.

我們1994年的總收入是1992年的兩倍。

③The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.現(xiàn)在的產(chǎn)量是十年前的三倍。

[即境活用2]　(1)Though it's a challenging job, he did it ______ it took me.

A．onethird a time B．onethird time

C．the onethird time D．onethird the time

解析：考查倍數(shù)比較的句型，即“倍數(shù)＋the＋n.”結(jié)構(gòu)。

答案：D

(2)What a table! I've never seen such a thing before. It is ______ it is long.

A．half not as wide as B．wide not as half as

C．not half as wide as D．a(chǎn)s wide as not half

解析：考查倍數(shù)比較 half＋as...as。

答案：C

3．...walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed. ……既然重力改變了，行走的確需要一些練習(xí)

(1)句中 does need是一種強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。

①在一般句型中，do (does, did)常用來強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞的語氣，在句中要重讀，譯為“真的”“的確”“確實(shí)”等。

You do look nice today. 你今天看起來真的很漂亮。

Jack said he would come and he did come.

杰克說他要來，他果真來了。

②在祈使句中，do表示強(qiáng)烈的請(qǐng)求，而不是命令，有時(shí)它可以使邀請(qǐng)對(duì)方的心意顯得更加客氣、熱情、友好，而且親切，此時(shí)的 do可譯為“千萬，務(wù)必”等。

Please do sit down. 務(wù)必請(qǐng)坐下。

Do be careful next time. 下次千萬要小心。

(2)now that 在句中引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，相當(dāng)于 since，意為“既然，由于”，that 可省略。

Now that you have finished your work, you‘d better have a rest. 既然工作已經(jīng)做完了，你最好休息一下。

辨析：now that/because/since/as/for

now that 說明已經(jīng)成為事實(shí)的原因，常譯為“既然”。

because 語氣最強(qiáng)，回答的是用 why提問的問句，表示直接的或?yàn)槿怂恢脑颉?/p>

since與 as語氣較 because 弱，表示顯而易見或已為人所知的原因。since 側(cè)重主句，as主從并重，語氣比 since 弱。

for是連詞，用來補(bǔ)充說明理由或提供一種解釋，不一定是真正的原因，不能放在主句前面。

—Why did you do this? 你為什么這么做？

—Because it is good for you. 因?yàn)檫@對(duì)你有好處。

Since you have known it, I won‘t repeat it.

既然你已經(jīng)知道了，我就不重復(fù)了。

Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking.

穿上結(jié)實(shí)的鞋子，因?yàn)槲覀円卟簧俾贰?/p>

It rained last night, for the ground is wet.

昨晚下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦摹?/p>

[即境活用3]　(1)In my opinion, what Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng ______ good to our country's international positions.

A．did do does B．did does do

C．does did do D．do do did

解析：第一個(gè) did是 what主語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞；第二個(gè) does強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語 do good to，故選B。

答案：B

易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥

自我完善·誤區(qū)備考

1. unlike/dislike/alike/likely

(1)unlike prep.不同；不像

(2)dislike vt. 不喜歡

(3)alike adj. 相似的，同樣的

(4)likely adj. 很可能發(fā)生的，有希望的

解析：now that 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，相當(dāng)于 since，意為：既然。

答案：D

[應(yīng)用1]　用 unlike, dislike, alike, likely的適當(dāng)形式填空：

(1)The twins look very much ______.

(2)________ his brother, he ________ playing football.

(3)We all think he is ______ to win.

alike

Unlike

dislikes

likely

2. pull/drag/draw

(1)pull是普通用語，指一時(shí)或突然用力拉，與push相對(duì)。有時(shí)可用于把某人某物拖、拉到某目的地的或固定的方向。

(2)drag是指“拖”“拉”著笨重的物體擦著地面，緩慢而費(fèi)力地拖、拉動(dòng)作。

(3)draw是指“拖”“拉”的物體向自己所在的方向移動(dòng)，而且拖、拉的動(dòng)作是從容的、不太費(fèi)勁的。

[應(yīng)用2]　(1)She _________a truck out from under the bed.

(2)______ the door open. Don’t push it.

(3)______ your chair up to the table.

(4)The ants are _________ pieces of corn.

dragged

Pull

Draw

pulling

3. in time/at a time/at one time/on time/in no time/at times/at no time

in time及時(shí)；總有一天；終于

on time按時(shí)

at one time曾經(jīng)，一度

at a time一次，同時(shí)

at times有時(shí)

at no time決不，在任何時(shí)候都不

in no time立刻，馬上

[應(yīng)用3]　(1)This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months, but it will disappear __________.

(2)_____________ she wanted to be a nurse, but the thought of working at night put her off.

(3)They ran all the way to the corner just ________ to catch the bus.

in no time

At one time

in time

(4)My honey, life is very difficult and cruel _________. Wipe your tears.

(5)Deal with your questions separately, one ______.

(6)Be sure to be _________. The meeting is very important.

(7)___________ will we give up.

at times

at a time

on time

At no time

高 效 作 業(yè)

自我測(cè)評(píng)·技能備考

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫

1．He was interested in a__________________ and always stayed up at night to watch the stars.

2．Not long ago a v___________ earthquake occurred off the coast of Indonesia.

3．Computer hackers have broken down security s____________，raising questions about the safety of information.

4．Too much sugar can be h________ to children's teeth.

astronomy

violent

systems

harmful

5．The three－star hotel offers a friendly

a______________________ and personal service.

6．China has sent up another ______ (人造衛(wèi)星) into space.

7．There is a lot of rubbish ___________(漂浮) on the surface of the river.

8．_____________ (理論) is based on practice.

9．The__________ (氣候) is different from place to place.

10. 6 _______________ (乘) by 5 is 30.

atmosphere

satellite

floating

Theory

climate

multiplied

Ⅱ .單項(xiàng)選擇

1．—I‘m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can‘t pass this time.

—______！ I’m sure you‘ll make it.

A．Go ahead B．Good luck

C．No problem D．Cheer up

答案：D

解析：考查交際用語。cheer up 用于鼓勵(lì)別人：振奮起來，別灰心。

2．(2010·湖北百校聯(lián)考)With the words, he ______ a wide mouth jar from his pocket and set it on the table in front of him.

A．pulled out B．checked out

C．stuck out D．dropped out

答案：A

解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語。語意表示他從口袋里拿出一個(gè)廣口瓶，用pull out表示“抽，從……中抽出來”。check out“結(jié)帳離去，辦妥手續(xù)離去”；stick out“堅(jiān)持，突出，伸出”；drop out“退出，退學(xué)”。

3．As the busiest woman in Norton, she made ______ her duty to look after all the other people‘s affairs in that town.

A．this B．that

C．one D．it

解析：考查 it做形式賓語，真正賓語為不定式短語 to look after...。

答案：D

4．Completely lost in the exciting ______ of the football match, Tom didn‘t feel his pocket picked.

A．scene B．view

C．a(chǎn)tmosphere D．sight

答案：C

解析：考查名詞辨析。atmosphere 在此指“氣氛；氛圍”。

5．Many Europeans ______ the continent of Africa in the 19th century.

A．exploded B．exposed

C．explored D．expanded

答案：C

解析：句意為：許多歐洲人在19世紀(jì)對(duì)非洲大陸進(jìn)行了探索。explode爆炸；expose暴露，顯示；explore探索；expand擴(kuò)大。

6．It’s ______ for the Shenzhou Ⅶ spaceship that every Chinese feels cheerful and proud.

A．so a successful flight

B．so successful a flight

C．such successful a flight

D．a(chǎn) such successful flight

答案：B

解析：考查such...that和so...that句型。句意為：對(duì)于“神七”來說，這是一次極為成功的飛行，以至于每個(gè)中國人都為之高興和自豪?！皊o＋adj.＋a＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”或“such＋a＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”。

7．He has ______ letters to answer and has to work from morning to night.

A．much B．a(chǎn) great deal of

C．masses of D．the number of

答案：C

解析：考查修飾名詞表“大量”的詞的辨析。masses of相當(dāng)于plenty of，意為“許多；大量”。A、B兩項(xiàng)用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞；the number of意為“……的數(shù)目”，與題意不符。

8．(2010·陜西西安質(zhì)檢)We were scared to death when the fire ______. Fortunately, it was put out before it caused much damage.

A．broke out B．came out

C．gave out D．turned out

答案：A

解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。break out表示“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、打斗等不愉快事件)突然發(fā)生”；come out表示“出發(fā)，發(fā)芽”；give out表示“分發(fā)，用完”；turn out表示“結(jié)果是，生產(chǎn)”。語意：突如其來的大火把我們嚇得要死，幸好被撲滅了，沒有造成很大損失。A項(xiàng)符合語意。

9．At the ______ news, there was a ______ expression on his face.

A．puzzled; puzzling B．puzzling; puzzle

C．puzzling; puzzled D．puzzled; puzzle

答案：C

解析：第一空用 puzzling “令人迷惑的”修飾 news；第二空指“迷惑的表情”用 puzzled。

10．Do you think ______ life on Mars?

A．it exists B．there exists

C．it is existed D．there is existed

答案：B

解析：考查There exists ...句式，意為“某地存在某物”。exist v. 存在。

11．All possible means ______. However, nothing can ______ him dying of lung cancer.

A．has tried; stop

B．have tried; keep

C．has been tried; prevent

D．have been tried; stop

答案：D

解析：第一空主語 means 是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，有 all修飾，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，且為被動(dòng)語態(tài)；第二空 stop和 prevent 都對(duì)，但 keep...from中 from不能省略。

12．______， I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me, “Keep on working hard, and you‘ll succeed______.”

A．At a time; in time B．At a time; on time

C．At one time; in time D．At one time; on time

答案：C

解析：第一空填 at one time “曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間”，第二空填 in time “遲早”。at a time “一次”；on time “按時(shí)”。

13．(2010·北京東城期末)Water, which seems so simple and common, is ______ makes life possible.

A．what B．that

C．which D．how

答案：A

解析：考查表語從句。名詞性從句的解題原則是“缺什么補(bǔ)什么”，此處表語從句“______ makes life possible”中缺少“主語”，同時(shí)“主語”不表示“人”，用what(表示人時(shí)應(yīng)該選用who或者whom)。所以選A項(xiàng)。

14．______you‘ve passed the final exam, you can prepare for the coming holiday.

A．Now that B．As soon as

C．Although D．If

答案：A

解析：考查狀語從句。now that 可引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，意為“既然”。

15．Some parts in South China have experienced ______this year as they did last year.

A．twice as much rain B．rain twice as much

C．a(chǎn)s twice much rain D．twice rain as much

答案：A

解析：考查倍數(shù)比較 twice as much ...as。

Ⅲ .閱讀理解

A

Vincent Van Gogh (30 March 1853～29 July 1890) was a Dutch post－Impressionist artist. He was considered one of the greatest artists with great influence on 20th century art.

Van Gogh spent his early adult life working for a firm of art dealers. After a brief period as a teacher, he became a missionary(傳教士) worker in a very poor mining region. He did not begin his career as an artist until 1880; however during the last ten years of his life, he produced more than 2 000 pieces, including around 900 paintings and 1 100 drawings and sketches(素描).

He worked only with sombre(昏暗的) colours until he met Impressionism and neo－Impressionism in Paris. Van Gogh incorporated(合并) their brighter colours and style of painting into a uniquely recognizable style. Most of his best－known works were produced during his final two years, when he was suffering from serious mental illness.

In 1890, at the age of 37, Van Gogh shot himself in the chest. He died two days later, with Theo, his brother and his best friend, at his side, who reported his last words as “The sadness will last forever”. Theo, unable to come to terms with his brother's death died 6 months later and was buried next to him. It would not take long before his fame grew higher and higher.

Vincent Van Gogh's mother threw away quite a number of his paintings during Vincent's life and even after his death. But she would live long enough to see her son become a world famous painter.

The only painting he sold during his lifetime, The Red Vineyard, was created in 1888. It is now on display in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow, Russia. Several paintings by Van Gogh rank among the most expensive paintings in the world.

On March 30, 1987 Van Gogh's painting Irises was sold for a record .9 million at Southeby's, New York. On May 15, 1990 his Portrait of Doctor Gachet was sold for .5 million at Christie's, thus establishing a new price record.

1．What's the right order of Van Gogh's life experience?

a．worked as a teacher

b．took up drawing

c．worked in an art firm

d．worked as a missionary worker

A．c, a, b, d B．c, a, d, b

C．b, c, a, d D．b, a, c, d

答案及解析：

1．B。細(xì)節(jié)題。由第三段可知B項(xiàng)正確敘述了梵高的人生經(jīng)歷。

2．Which words can best describe Van Gogh's later years?

A．Sad and boring.

B．Normal and peaceful.

C．Happy but fruitless.

D．Painful but productive.

答案解析:D。推斷題。根據(jù)文章可知，梵高晚年患有嚴(yán)重的精神疾病(serious mental illness)，而他的大部分著名作品創(chuàng)造于生命的最后兩年，由此可以判斷他的晚年是“痛苦而又多產(chǎn)的”。

3．Why did Van Gogh kill himself?

A．Because he was a failure as an artist.

B．Because he had an unhappy family.

C．Because he lost his beloved brother.

D．Because he was suffering from mental illness.

答案解析:D。細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段結(jié)尾告訴我們，梵高晚年患有嚴(yán)重的精神疾病，第dg 段開頭接著說梵高自殺，由此可知D項(xiàng)正確。

4．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Van Gogh didn't become famous until he died.

B．Van Gogh drew and sold many paintings in his life.

C．Van Gogh achieved great success during his lifetime.

D．Van Gogh drew most of his paintings between 1888 and 1890.

4．答案解析:A。推斷題。結(jié)合最后一段開頭The only painting he sold during his lifetime...和第三段結(jié)尾It would not take long before his fame grew higher and higher.可以判斷梵高生前并不輝煌，只是死后才聲名大噪，故A項(xiàng)正確。

本文是一篇對(duì)比文，特點(diǎn)是平行論述，沒有主次之分，作者不發(fā)表態(tài)度和結(jié)論，一般兩種觀點(diǎn)的開頭可當(dāng)做文章主旨。

B

Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge(劇增)of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse(反面)of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi?paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision.

Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to putting off marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy comes to life, the number of marriages also rises.

The increase in divorce rates follows to the increase in women working outside the home. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause?and?effect conclusions. The impact of a wife's work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage.

But the reverse is equally plausible(似是而非的). Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. By raising a family's standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family's financial and emotional stability.

Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.

Also, a major part of women's inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.

5. The word “portend” (line 2, para.1) is closest in meaning to“______”．

A. defy B. signal

C. suffer from D. result from

答案解析:B。詞義題。根據(jù)句意不難理解portend是“預(yù)示”的意思。signal也有“顯示”的意思；defy不服從，反抗；suffer from忍受，遭受；result from由……產(chǎn)生。

6. It is said in the passage that when the economy slides ______.

A. men would choose working women as their marriage partners

B. more women would get married to seek financial security

C. even working women would worry about their marriages

D. more people would prefer to remain single for the time being

6.答案解析: D。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干的the economy slides等于原文的economic downturns。第一段提到經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷時(shí)期人們傾向推遲婚姻，因?yàn)殡p方不能承擔(dān)一個(gè)家庭或者擔(dān)心更窘迫的日子。D符合原文意思。

7. If women find fulfillment through work outside the home, ______.

A. they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners

B. their husbands are expected to do more housework

C. their marriage ties can be strengthened

D. they tend to put their career before marriage

答案解析： C。細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段最后一句可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

8. One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that ______.

A. they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom

B. they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands

C. they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations

D. they tend to suspect their husbands, loyalty to their marriage

8.答案解析： A。細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段第二句提到不能外出工作的婦女會(huì)感到被關(guān)在籠子里，相當(dāng)于“they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom”“她們感到被剝奪了自由。”

9. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author's view in the passage?

A. The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country.

B. Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage.

C. In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independent.

D. The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.

9. 答案解析：D。主旨題。用排除法解題。A因果顛倒，排除；B文章從未提及；C以偏蓋全；只有D，女性外出工作對(duì)婚姻的影響各不一樣，這準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)出文章的兩種平行的相反觀點(diǎn)。

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars教案

作為杰出的教學(xué)工作者，能夠保證教課的順利開展，高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是每個(gè)高中教師都不可缺少的。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠在課堂積極的參與互動(dòng)，減輕高中教師們?cè)诮虒W(xué)時(shí)的教學(xué)壓力。優(yōu)秀有創(chuàng)意的高中教案要怎樣寫呢？下面是小編精心為您整理的“Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars教案”，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

單元要覽

類別

課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目

話題

Scienceofthestars;thedevelopmentoflife;spacetravelandgravity

詞匯]

astronomy

n.天文學(xué)

exist

vi.存在;生存

system

n.系統(tǒng);體系;制度

thus

adv.因此;于是

religion

n.宗教;宗教信仰

dioxide

n.二氧化物

theory

n.學(xué)說;理論

biology

n.生物學(xué)

atom

n.原子

biologist

n.生物學(xué)家

billion

pron.（美）十億

puzzle

n.迷;難題vt.（使）為難

globe

n.球體;地球儀;地球

gravity

n.萬有引力;重力

violent

adj.猛烈的;激烈的;強(qiáng)暴的

float

vt.（使）漂浮n.漂浮物

carbon

n.碳

gentle

adj.溫和的;文雅的

atmosphere

n.大氣層;氣氛

physicist

n.物理學(xué)家

unlike

prep.不同;不像

climate

n.氣候

fundamental

adj.基本的;基礎(chǔ)的

crash

vt.墜落

harmful

adj.有害的

spaceship

n.宇宙飛船

acid

n.酸

pull

n.拖;牽引力

chain

n.鏈子;連鎖;鎖鏈

satellite

n.衛(wèi)星;人造衛(wèi)星

multiply

vt.增加

mass

n.質(zhì)量;團(tuán);塊;大量

oxygen

n.氧

exhaust

vt.用盡;耗盡

短語

solarsystem太陽系

blockout擋?。ü饩€）

intime及時(shí);終于

cheerup感到高興;感到振奮

layeggs下蛋

nowthat既然

givebirthto產(chǎn)生;分娩

breakout突發(fā);爆發(fā)

inone’sturn輪到某人;接著

watchout密切注視;當(dāng)心;提防

carbondioxide二氧化碳

prevent...from阻止;制止

重要句型

1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8bill!--?xml:namespaceprefix=vns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"/--ionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.(betodo;what-clauseasthesubject)

2.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.(so...that;itis/wasnot+adj.+whether-clause)

3.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.(what-clauseasthesubject;that-clauseasthepredicative)

4.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.[itis/was(not)+adj.+that]

5.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.(whether-clauseasthesubject;dependon+whether-clauseastheobject)

功能

Instructions:

Pleasepayattentionto...Pleasecheckthat....Youneed...

Don’tforgetto...Makesurethat....Watchoutfor...

You’dbetter...Youmust/mustn’t...Pleaselookat...

語法

Nounclausesasthesubject

Whatitwastobecomewasuncertain...

...itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)

1.Getstudentstolearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearthandmakingaspacetrip.

2.HavestudentslearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsandletthemlearneffectivewaystorememberEnglishvocabulary.

3.Enablestudentstousetheexpressionsofinstructionscorrectlyindailylife.

4.Letstudentslearnthenewgrammaritem:nounclausesasthesubject.

5.Developstudents’listening,speaking,readingandwritingabilities.

教學(xué)難點(diǎn)

1.Enablestudentstomastertheuseofnounclausesasthesubject.

2.Letstudentslearntowriteashortarticletoshowtheirproblemsandthewaystoovercomethem.

3.Developstudents’integrativeskills.

課時(shí)安排

Periodsneeded:7

Period1Warmingupandreading

Period2Learningaboutlanguage:Importantlanguagepoints

Period3Learningaboutlanguage:Grammar

Period4Usinglanguage:Listeningandspeaking

Period5Usinglanguage:Extensivereading

Period6Usinglanguage:Speakingandwriting

Period7Revision:Summingupandlearningtip

Period1Warmingupandreading

整體設(shè)計(jì)教材分析Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit.Atthebeginningoftheclass,theteachercanleadinthetopicoftheunitbyhavingafreetalkwithstudentsaboutsomefamousscientistsandwhattheyhavediscovered.ThenturntoWarmingUp.Itisintendedtohavestudentsthinkaboutandthendiscussthesetwogroupsofquestions:1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?Pre-readingistoremindstudentsthattheoriginoflifeontheearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomersandeachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganontheearth.Theteachershouldaskstudentswhattheyknowabouttheseandthenletthempredictwhatkindofinformationwillbeintroducedinthenextpart!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--Reading.ThereadingpassagetitledHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHprovidesstudentsabriefintroductiononhowtheuniversedevelopedandhowlifebeganontheearth.Itprovidesascientificbackgroundtoanyinvestigationintospaceanditisfactual.Studentsareencouragedtopreviewthetextandfindouttheusefulnewwords,expressionsandstructuresthemselves.Theyshouldtrytoworkoutthemeaningsofthenewwordsthroughthecontext.Thenifnecessary,theycanlookthemupinthedictionaryorturntotheteacherforhelp.Alsoencouragethemtolookatthepicturesandreadthetitletoguesswhatthetextmightbeabout.Thenletthemskimforthegeneralidea,andscanforfurtherunderstanding.Inordernottoletthemfeelmuchdifficult,theteachershoulddealwithanylanguageproblemswhiletheyarereading.Afterreading,studentsarerequiredtodothefiveexercisesintheComprehendingtoseehowmuchtheyhaveunderstoodthereadingpassage.Theteachercanfirstletthemworkinpairsoringroupstofindtheanswerscooperatively,andthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage,studentsshouldberequiredtoretellthepassage.Inordertoarousethestudents’interest,theteachercanholdacompetition.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.Letstudentsreadthepassageandlearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Getstudentstolearndifferentreadingskills,especiallythereadingabilityofunderstandingimpliedmeaningoftheauthor.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)1.Enablestudentstounderstandthepassageandknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Letstudentslearnhowtousedifferentreadingskillsfordifferentreadingpurposes.三維目標(biāo)知識(shí)目標(biāo)1.Getstudentstolearntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart:astronomy,system,religion,theory,atom,billion,globe,violent,carbon,atmosphere,unlike,fundamental,harmful,acid,chain,multiply,oxygen,exist,thus,dioxide,puzzle,solarsystem,intime,layeggs,givebirthto,inone’sturn,carbondioxide,prevent...from2.Letstudentslearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.能力目標(biāo)1.Developstudents’readingabilityandletthemlearndifferentreadingskills.2.Enablestudentstoknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.情感目標(biāo)1.Trainstudents’interestinscienceandstimulatetheirloveforastronomy.2.Developstudents’senseofcooperativelearning.

教學(xué)過程設(shè)計(jì)方案（一）→Step1PresentationHaveafreetalkwithstudents.1.Letstudentsbrainstormthefollowingquestions:Whoareourancestors?Doyouknowwhatitwaslikebeforelifeappearedontheearth?Doyouknowhowlifebeganontheearth?Doyouwanttogetmoreinformation?2.Tellstudents:Todaywewilllearnsomethingabouthowlifebeganontheearth.TurntoPage25.Let’scometoWarmingUpfirst.→Step2WarmingupLetstudentsthinkaboutthefollowingquestionsandthendiscussthemwiththeirpartners.1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?VenusEarthMarsMercuryJupiterNeptuneSaturn2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?→Step3Pre-reading1.Getstudentstodiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.1)Theoriginoflifeonearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomers.Whatdoyouknowaboutit?2)Eachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganonearth.Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?2.Letthemtelltheirstories.Encouragethemtotelldifferentstories.Iftheydon’tknowany,tellthemsome,forexample,Panguseparatedtheskyfromtheearth,Panguturnedintoamyriadofthings,Nuwamademen,andsoon.3.Askthemtoreadthetitleandlookatthepictures.Predictwhatthereadingwillbeabout.→Step4Reading1.FastreadingGetstudentstoreadthepassagequicklyandthenwritedownthemainideaforeachparagraphandthewholepassageinthefollowingchart.

HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTH

Paragraph1

Paragraph2

Paragraph3

Paragraph4

Paragraph5

Thepassage

板書設(shè)計(jì)

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

Warmingupandreading

HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTH

Paragraph1

Paragraph2

Paragraph3

Paragraph4

Paragraph5

Thepassage

活動(dòng)與探究Supposeyouareanexpertwhostudiesastronomy.YouareinvitedtogiveaspeechtotheschoolstudentsaboutthedevelopmentoflifeonEarthDay(April22).ReadthepassageHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHagainandgotothelibraryorsurftheInternettofindmoreinformationandbereadytopresentyourspeechtotheclass.Youmaybeginlikethis:Goodmorning/afternoon.Iamgreatlyhonoredtobeheretogiveyouaspeechaboutthedevelopmentoflife.

Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars教案設(shè)計(jì)

Unit4Astronomy：Thescienceofthestars
1.spread
vt.散布;擴(kuò)大;延伸
Thebirdspreaditswings.那只鳥展開了翅膀。
Fliesspreaddisease.蒼蠅傳播疾病。
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
spreadsth.withsth.用……抹/涂/鋪……
spread...on...把……抹/涂/鋪在……
bespreadfor擺好（桌子）準(zhǔn)備
spreadoneself[口]舒展四肢(躺下)
spreadout張開，伸開，鋪開，展開，伸長(zhǎng)
高手過招
單項(xiàng)填空
PapermakingbeganinChinaandtoEurope.
(2009?12?河南鄭州檢測(cè))
A.SpreadB.grew
C.CarriedD.developed
解析:選A。句意為：造紙術(shù)起源于中國，又傳播到了歐洲。spread傳播。
2.method
n.方法
Hehasintroducedanewmethodofteaching.
他引進(jìn)了一種新的教學(xué)方法。
Whatisthemosteffectivemethodofbirthcontrol?
控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？
聯(lián)想拓展
bythismeans=inthisway=withthismethod
用這種方法
易混辨析
method/means
method側(cè)重“理論方法”，指做某事的具體步驟或程序。
anewteachingmethod一種新的教學(xué)方法
means（單復(fù)數(shù)同形）側(cè)重“通過手段”或“利用工具”去達(dá)到某種目的。
高手過招
選詞填空(method/means)（原創(chuàng)）
①Thequickestoftravelisbyplane.
②Shehasaveryscientificofdealingwithpoliticalproblems.
答案：①means②method
3.harmful
adj.有害的
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
dosb.harm/doharmtosb.對(duì)某人有害
meannoharm無意傷害別人;沒有惡意
harmone’simage/reputation損害某人的形象/名聲
domoreharmthangood弊大于利
Thereisnoharmin(sb.?s)doingsth.
=Itdoesnoharm(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事無害處
beharmfulto對(duì)……有害
harmn.充滿了……
inmass全部,全體;整個(gè)地
inthemass總體上;總的說來
the(great)massof大多數(shù),大部分
massesofsth.大量的東西
高手過招
單項(xiàng)填空
Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetookpicturesofthem.
(2009?12?安徽合肥檢測(cè))
A.manyofB.massesof
C.thenumberofD.alargeamountof
解析:選B。句意為：年輕的舞蹈家們穿著美麗的衣服看起來很迷人，因此我們給他們拍了許多照片。massesof=lotsof，后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
5.pull
v.拉，拖，拔；移動(dòng)
n.拉，拖；牽(引)力
YoupushandI?llpull.
你來推，我來拉。
Ifeltapullatmysleeveandturnedround.
我覺得有人扯我的袖子，便轉(zhuǎn)過身來。
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
pullahead(ofsb./sth.)領(lǐng)先于（某人/物）
pull(sb.)back（使某人）退卻；撤回（某人）
pulloff(sth.)（指機(jī)動(dòng)車輛）駛離（道路至路側(cè)停車處停下）pullout(sth.)拉掉；使分離；掏出；駛離（車站）
pullon穿，戴上（襪子、手套等）
pulltogether同心協(xié)力；通力合作
高手過招
用pull相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）
①Iarrivedasthelasttrainwas.
②Heagunandaimedatthecriminal.
③Solongaswe,there’snomountaintopwecan’tconquer.
答案：①pullingout②pulledout③pulltogether
6.cheer
vt.on③cheering
7.puzzle
vt.in②existon③existence
重點(diǎn)短語
9.intime意為“及時(shí)”時(shí)相當(dāng)于earlyenough,soonenough;意為“終于，早晚”時(shí)相當(dāng)于soonerorlater。
Wegottothestationjustintimetocatchthebus.
=Wegottothestationjustintimeforthebus.
我們到達(dá)車站時(shí)，剛好趕上了那班汽車。
Thedoctorcameintimetosaveherlife.
醫(yī)生及時(shí)趕來救了她的命。
You?llsucceedintimeifyoukeeponworkinghard.
假若堅(jiān)持努力下去，你遲早會(huì)成功的。
聯(lián)想拓展
beintimeforsth./beintimetodosth.
對(duì)于某事是及時(shí)的/及時(shí)做某事
aheadoftime提前；提早
allthetime一直；始終
atonetime曾經(jīng)；一度
atatime一次
attimes有時(shí)
atthesametime同時(shí)；然而；可是
fromtimetotime不時(shí)；偶爾
innotime立刻；馬上
takeone?stime不急，慢慢來
timeandtimeagain一次又一次；一再
高手過招
單項(xiàng)填空
—IwasdisappointedintimewhenIdidn’tpasstheexaminations.
—Don’tbesodiscouraged.You’llbesuccessfulin
time.(2009?12?河南平頂山檢測(cè))
A./;/B.a;aC./;aD.a;/
解析:選D。句意為：——我沒通過考試那段時(shí)間我很失望?！?jiǎng)e灰心。你遲早會(huì)成功的。第一個(gè)空考查的是when引導(dǎo)的定語從句，表示在某段時(shí)間里，故應(yīng)用inatime。而第二個(gè)空表示“遲早”，故用intime。
10.prevent...from
阻止；制止
Theheavyrainpreventedusfromgoingthere.
這場(chǎng)大雨使我們沒能到那里去。
易混辨析
prevent/stop/keep/protect
prevent,stop,keep與protect四者的常見結(jié)構(gòu)為：
prevent...(from)doingsth.；stop...(from)doingsth.；keep...fromdoingsth.;均表示“阻止……做某事”。
上述三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中stop與prevent后可省去from，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中不可省略;而keep...from...中的from在任何情況下都不能省略。另外，
protect...from...表示“保護(hù)……不受……侵襲；阻擋；防御”。from后接能帶來傷害或損害的事物。
Thisplanwillbekeptfrombeingcarriedout.
這個(gè)計(jì)劃將被阻止實(shí)施。
高手過招
單項(xiàng)填空
Somepolicemenshouldbesenttothemthetrees.
（原創(chuàng)）
A.prevent;tocutdownB.stop;cuttingdown
C.keep;tocutdownD.keep;cuttingdown
解析:選B。句意為：應(yīng)該派一些警察去阻止他們砍伐樹木。keep/prevent/stop...fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事,其中keep...fromdoingsth.中的from不可省略。故選B。
11.breakout
突發(fā)；爆發(fā)（無被動(dòng)語態(tài)）
Troublemaybreakoutatanymoment.
災(zāi)難在任何時(shí)候都可能突然發(fā)生。
Whendidthewarbreakout?戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)什么時(shí)候爆發(fā)的？
Itwasatmidnightthatafirebrokeout.
在午夜時(shí)分發(fā)生了一起大火。
聯(lián)想拓展
breakawayfrom脫離（政黨等）；打破（陳規(guī)等）
breakdown出故障；（計(jì)劃等）失敗；（身體、精神等）垮掉
breakin破門而入，闖入；打斷（話語）等
breakinto破門而入；突然……起來
breakoff折斷；突然中止；斷絕；結(jié)束
breakthrough突破
breakup敲碎；放假；散會(huì)
易混辨析
comeabout/happen/takeplace/breakout/occur
comeabout發(fā)生，相當(dāng)于happen,takeplace。后面不可以接賓語，也不可以使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
happen強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然發(fā)生。
takeplace指按計(jì)劃、安排發(fā)生；舉行
breakout多用于指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾病、疫情的突然爆發(fā)。
occur常用于句式：sth.occurstosb.某事發(fā)生在某人身上。
高手過招
用break相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）
①AterribletsunamiinthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.
②WhendoyouforChristmas?
③Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshave.
④Hishousewaslastweek.
答案：①brokeout②breakup③brokendown④brokeninto
12.blockout
擋?。ü饩€）
Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.那堵墻把光線都遮住了。
聯(lián)想拓展
burstout大聲喊叫;突然……起來
goout外出；過時(shí)；熄(燈)
putout關(guān)(燈)；撲滅；生產(chǎn)
comeout出現(xiàn)，顯露；出版;結(jié)果是
helpout幫助解決難題(或擺脫困境)
lookout留神；注意
watchout注意；提防；向外看
findout找出，查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)
pickout挑出;辨認(rèn)出，分辨出
speakout大聲地說;大膽地說
thinkout仔細(xì)思考(某事)；想出（主意等）
hangout掛出;閑逛
knockout(拳)擊中，擊倒，打昏
sellout售完(某種貨物)，脫銷
turnout結(jié)果證明是
runout(of)用完，耗盡
checkout結(jié)賬離去，辦妥手續(xù)離去
giveout分發(fā)（試卷等）；發(fā)出（光、熱等）；用盡；耗完；筋疲力盡
高手過招
用out相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）
①Attheendoftheracehislegsandhecollapsedontheground.
②It’seasytohiminacrowdbecauseheisverytall.
③Hisnewbookwillnextmonth.
④Wethoughtitwasgoingtorain;ittobeafineday.
⑤Weof/fromourhotelat5a.m.tocatcha7a.m.flight.
答案：①gaveout②pick;out③comeout④turnedout⑤checkedout
13.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
隨后它會(huì)變成什么沒人能知道，直到38~45億年前，這團(tuán)塵埃才慢慢地形成一個(gè)固體的球狀物。
Whatitwastobecome...是what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，what在從句中作become的賓語。
Whatsurprisedeverybodywasthathedidn’tcometothemeeting.
使大家驚奇的是他竟沒有參加會(huì)議。
Whathedidaddedtoourdifficulty.
他所做的增加了我們的困難。
“be+動(dòng)詞不定式”在本句中表示按照計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
Whenaretheytohandintheirplan?
他們的計(jì)劃什么時(shí)候交上來？
YouaretodoyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.
你得做完了作業(yè)才能看電視。
聯(lián)想拓展
“be+to”還可以表示以下含義：
表示可能性，相當(dāng)于can,主要用于疑問句和否定句。表示命令，意為“必須，不得不”，意思等同于must,haveto，表示假設(shè)。表示“命運(yùn)注定……”，通常用于過去時(shí)。
HowamItoknowwhathasbecomeofhim?
我怎么知道他的遭遇如何呢？
CertainskillsmustbelearnedifoneistouseEnglishwell.
如果想要用好英語，某些技巧是必須學(xué)的。
Hewasnevertoseehiswifeagain.
他注定再也見不到他妻子了。
Werewetoofferyoumoremoney,wouldyoustay?
如果我們給你加錢，你愿意留下嗎？
高手過招
單項(xiàng)填空
Indryweathertheflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.（原創(chuàng)）
A.havesurvivedB.aretosurvive
C.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive
解析:選B?？疾檎鎸?shí)條件句。aretosurvive在此處并不表示將來，而表示“期望”。
14.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.
而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步的時(shí)候，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。
twiceas...as...是……的兩倍
聯(lián)想拓展
英語中的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：
倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as是……的幾倍
倍數(shù)+adj./adv.的比較級(jí)+than比……(多/大)幾倍
倍數(shù)+the+表示長(zhǎng)度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of是……長(zhǎng)度/高度/寬度的幾倍，此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,width,depth等。
Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.
=Thisruleristwicelongerthanthatone.
=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.
這把尺子是那把的三倍長(zhǎng)。
Therearefourtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.
到的學(xué)生是我們預(yù)計(jì)的五倍。
高手過招
(1)翻譯句子（原創(chuàng)）
這個(gè)房子是那個(gè)的三倍大。
(2)完成句子
到的客人是我們預(yù)計(jì)的兩倍。
Thereareweexpected.
答案：(1)Thishouseisthreetimesasbigasthatone./Thishouseistwicebiggerthanthatone./Thishouseisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.
(2)twiceasmanyguestsas

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars教案2

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

單元要覽類別課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目話題Scienceofthestars;thedevelopmentoflife;spacetravelandgravity詞匯astronomyn.天文學(xué)existvi.存在;生存systemn.系統(tǒng);體系;制度thusadv.因此;于是religionn.宗教;宗教信仰dioxiden.二氧化物theoryn.學(xué)說;理論biologyn.生物學(xué)atomn.原子biologistn.生物學(xué)家billionpron.（美）十億puzzlen.迷;難題vt.（使）為難globen.球體;地球儀;地球gravityn.萬有引力;重力violentadj.猛烈的;激烈的;強(qiáng)暴的floatvt.（使）漂浮n.漂浮物carbonn.碳gentleadj.溫和的;文雅的atmospheren.大氣層;氣氛physicistn.物理學(xué)家unlikeprep.不同;不像climaten.氣候fundamentaladj.基本的;基礎(chǔ)的crashvt.墜落harmfuladj.有害的spaceshipn.宇宙飛船acidn.酸pulln.拖;牽引力chainn.鏈子;連鎖;鎖鏈satelliten.衛(wèi)星;人造衛(wèi)星multiplyvt.增加massn.質(zhì)量;團(tuán);塊;大量oxygenn.氧exhaustvt.用盡;耗盡短語solarsystem太陽系blockout擋住（光線）intime及時(shí);終于cheerup感到高興;感到振奮layeggs下蛋nowthat既然givebirthto產(chǎn)生;分娩breakout突發(fā);爆發(fā)inone’sturn輪到某人;接著watchout密切注視;當(dāng)心;提防carbondioxide二氧化碳prevent...from阻止;制止重要句型1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.(betodo;what-clauseasthesubject)2.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.(so...that;itis/wasnot+adj.+whether-clause)3.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.(what-clauseasthesubject;that-clauseasthepredicative)4.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.[itis/was(not)+adj.+that]5.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.(whether-clauseasthesubject;dependon+whether-clauseastheobject)功能Instructions:Pleasepayattentionto...Pleasecheckthat....Youneed...Don’tforgetto...Makesurethat....Watchoutfor...You’dbetter...Youmust/mustn’t...Pleaselookat...語法NounclausesasthesubjectWhatitwastobecomewasuncertain......itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.Getstudentstolearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearthandmakingaspacetrip.2.HavestudentslearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsandletthemlearneffectivewaystorememberEnglishvocabulary.3.Enablestudentstousetheexpressionsofinstructionscorrectlyindailylife.4.Letstudentslearnthenewgrammaritem:nounclausesasthesubject.5.Developstudents’listening,speaking,readingandwritingabilities.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)1.Enablestudentstomastertheuseofnounclausesasthesubject.2.Letstudentslearntowriteashortarticletoshowtheirproblemsandthewaystoovercomethem.3.Developstudents’integrativeskills.課時(shí)安排Periodsneeded:7Period1WarmingupandreadingPeriod2Learningaboutlanguage:ImportantlanguagepointsPeriod3Learningaboutlanguage:GrammarPeriod4Usinglanguage:ListeningandspeakingPeriod5Usinglanguage:ExtensivereadingPeriod6Usinglanguage:SpeakingandwritingPeriod7Revision:Summingupandlearningtip

Period1Warmingupandreading

整體設(shè)計(jì)教材分析Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit.Atthebeginningoftheclass,theteachercanleadinthetopicoftheunitbyhavingafreetalkwithstudentsaboutsomefamousscientistsandwhattheyhavediscovered.ThenturntoWarmingUp.Itisintendedtohavestudentsthinkaboutandthendiscussthesetwogroupsofquestions:1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?Pre-readingistoremindstudentsthattheoriginoflifeontheearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomersandeachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganontheearth.Theteachershouldaskstudentswhattheyknowabouttheseandthenletthempredictwhatkindofinformationwillbeintroducedinthenextpart!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--Reading.ThereadingpassagetitledHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHprovidesstudentsabriefintroductiononhowtheuniversedevelopedandhowlifebeganontheearth.Itprovidesascientificbackgroundtoanyinvestigationintospaceanditisfactual.Studentsareencouragedtopreviewthetextandfindouttheusefulnewwords,expressionsandstructuresthemselves.Theyshouldtrytoworkoutthemeaningsofthenewwordsthroughthecontext.Thenifnecessary,theycanlookthemupinthedictionaryorturntotheteacherforhelp.Alsoencouragethemtolookatthepicturesandreadthetitletoguesswhatthetextmightbeabout.Thenletthemskimforthegeneralidea,andscanforfurtherunderstanding.Inordernottoletthemfeelmuchdifficult,theteachershoulddealwithanylanguageproblemswhiletheyarereading.Afterreading,studentsarerequiredtodothefiveexercisesintheComprehendingtoseehowmuchtheyhaveunderstoodthereadingpassage.Theteachercanfirstletthemworkinpairsoringroupstofindtheanswerscooperatively,andthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage,studentsshouldberequiredtoretellthepassage.Inordertoarousethestudents’interest,theteachercanholdacompetition.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.Letstudentsreadthepassageandlearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Getstudentstolearndifferentreadingskills,especiallythereadingabilityofunderstandingimpliedmeaningoftheauthor.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)1.Enablestudentstounderstandthepassageandknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Letstudentslearnhowtousedifferentreadingskillsfordifferentreadingpurposes.三維目標(biāo)知識(shí)目標(biāo)1.Getstudentstolearntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart:astronomy,system,religion,theory,atom,billion,globe,violent,carbon,atmosphere,unlike,fundamental,harmful,acid,chain,multiply,oxygen,exist,thus,dioxide,puzzle,solarsystem,intime,layeggs,givebirthto,inone’sturn,carbondioxide,prevent...from2.Letstudentslearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.能力目標(biāo)1.Developstudents’readingabilityandletthemlearndifferentreadingskills.2.Enablestudentstoknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.情感目標(biāo)1.Trainstudents’interestinscienceandstimulatetheirloveforastronomy.2.Developstudents’senseofcooperativelearning.

教學(xué)過程設(shè)計(jì)方案（一）→Step1PresentationHaveafreetalkwithstudents.1.Letstudentsbrainstormthefollowingquestions:Whoareourancestors?Doyouknowwhatitwaslikebeforelifeappearedontheearth?Doyouknowhowlifebeganontheearth?Doyouwanttogetmoreinformation?2.Tellstudents:Todaywewilllearnsomethingabouthowlifebeganontheearth.TurntoPage25.Let’scometoWarmingUpfirst.→Step2WarmingupLetstudentsthinkaboutthefollowingquestionsandthendiscussthemwiththeirpartners.1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?!--?xml:namespaceprefix=vns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"/--VenusEarthMarsMercuryJupiterNeptuneSaturn2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?→Step3Pre-reading1.Getstudentstodiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.1)Theoriginoflifeonearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomers.Whatdoyouknowaboutit?2)Eachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganonearth.Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?2.Letthemtelltheirstories.Encouragethemtotelldifferentstories.Iftheydon’tknowany,tellthemsome,forexample,Panguseparatedtheskyfromtheearth,Panguturnedintoamyriadofthings,Nuwamademen,andsoon.3.Askthemtoreadthetitleandlookatthepictures.Predictwhatthereadingwillbeabout.→Step4Reading1.FastreadingGetstudentstoreadthepassagequicklyandthenwritedownthemainideaforeachparagraphandthewholepassageinthefollowingchart.HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHParagraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4Paragraph5ThepassageLetstudentslookthroughthechartandthenreadthetextsilently.Threeminuteslater,checktheanswerswiththewholeclass.2.IntensivereadingAllowstudentstoreadthepassagecarefullythistimetogettheimportantdetails,andthenfinishthefollowing:1)Puttheorderofdevelopmentoflifeintoatimeline.(1)Insectsandamphibiansappeared.(2)Dinosaursappeared.(3)Theearthbecameasolidball.(4)Smallplantsgrowonthewater.(5)Reptilesappeared.(6)Plantsbegintogrowondryland.(7)Theearthwasacloudofdust.(8)Waterappearedontheearth.(9)Shellfishandotherfishappeared.(10)Theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.(11)Cleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappeared.(12)Mammalsappeared.2)Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionaccordingtothetext.(1)Whatisimportantforthebeginningoflife?A.Thewaterontheearth.B.Theearth’satmosphere.C.Theformofforests.D.Dissolvingharmfulgases.(2)Whichofthefollowingappearedontheearthfirst?A.Insects.B.Reptiles.C.Amphibians.D.Shellfishandfish.(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.WaterstillexistsonMars.B.Theearth’satmosphereismadeupofoxygenandnitrogen.C.Theearthhaddissolvedtheharmfulatmosphereintotheoceansandseas.D.Plantsprovideoxygentotheearth.(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theappearanceanddevelopmentoflifeontheearth.B.Thebirthoftheearth.C.Whydinosaursdiedout.D.Thefactthathumanbeingscausedglobalwarming.Suggestedanswers:(1)A(2)D(3)D(4)A3.ReadinganddiscussionReadthetextathirdtimeandthenworkinpairstodiscussthefollowingquestions.1)Whywastheearthdifferentfromtheotherplanets?2)Whydidtheplantsgrowbeforetheanimalscame?3)Whyisitwrongtoshowfilmswithdinosaursandpeopletogether?4)Thereusedtobenineplanetsinthesolarsystem.Recentlyscientistshavedecidedthatoneofthemcannolongerbeconsideredaplanet.Doyouknowthenameofthatplanet?Doyouknowwhytheyremovedit?5)Whatproblemiscausedbyhumanbeings?(Letstudentshaveenoughtimetoreadthepassagecarefullyanddiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.Encouragethemtoexpresstheirownideas.)4.ExplanationHelpstudentsanalyzesomedifficult,longandcomplexsentencesandguessthemeaningofsomenewwords.Encouragethemtotrytodealwiththelanguagepointsinthecontext.Discussthefollowingimportantsentencesandphrasesinthepassage.1)Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.2)Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.3)Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervaporandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.4)Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.Suggestedexplanations:1)Whatleadsanounclauseasthesubjectandwhenleadsanattributiveclause.2)Here“whethertheshapewouldlastornot”isanounclauseasthesubject.3)Here“whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere”isanon-restrictiveattributiveclause.intime:1)soonerorlater;eventually2)intime(forsth./todosth.):notlateIwillseehimintime.Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.4)Inthissentence,therearetwoclausesledbywhether.Thefirstoneisanounclauseasthesubjectandthesecondastheobject.tocome:servesasattributiveSheisthelastpersontodosuchathing.dependon:somethingmightonlyhappenorbetrueifthecircumstancesarerightforitOursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshardornot.5.ReadingaloudandunderliningAskstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandletthempayattentiontothepronunciationofeachnewwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Tellthemtopickoutalltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsfromthepassagewhilereadingandcopythemtothenotebooksafterclassashomework.Collocations:ontheearth,accordingto,acloudofdust,so...that,whether...ornot,intime,watervapor,cooldown,onone’ssurface,allow...todo...,achainreaction,millionsof,onthesurfaceof,beableto,aswellas,bydoing....,layeggs,bedifferentfrom,givebirthto,spreadallovertheearth,inone’sturn,prevent...from,asaresultof,too...to...,dependon→Step5DiscussionAfterreadingthepassage,letstudentsdiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Whydoyouthinkthathumansarethecleverestanimalsontheearth?2.Doyoubelievethatthereislifeonotherplanets?Whyorwhynot?3.Doyouthinkitispossiblethatonedaypeoplewillmovetheirhousestootherplanets?→Step6ConsolidationAskstudentstoretellthepassagewiththehelpofthefollowing.acloudofdust→asolidball→presenceofwater→smallplantsgrowonthewater→shellfishandotherfishappear→plantsbegintogrowondryland→insectsandamphibiansappear→retilesappear→dinosaursappear→mammalsappear→Step7Homework1.Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.2.Readthereadingpassageagainandtrytotalkabouthowlifebeganontheearthinyourownwords.設(shè)計(jì)方案（二）→Step1LeadinginthetopicShowstudentsapictureaboutsolarsystem.Letthemmatchthenameswiththeplanets.→Step2WarmingupEachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouttheoriginoflifeontheearth.Letstudentstelldifferentstoriesthattheyknow.→Step3Predictingbylookinganddiscussing1.Lookatthepicturesandtitleofthereadingpassageanddiscussinpairswhatthepassagemightbeabout.2.Twoorthreestudentswillgivetheiropinions.3.Letthemreadthepassagequicklytoseeiftheyareright.→Step4Reading1.Givestudents3minutes,andaskthemtoskimthepassagetogetthegeneralideaforeachparagraphandthepassage.2.Givestudents5minutestoreadthepassagecarefully,andthenanswerthefollowingquestions.1)Whatwasthereontheearthbeforelifebegan?2)Whydoscientiststhinktherehasneverbeenlifeonthemoon?3)Whydidanimalsfirstappearinthesea?4)Whydogreenplantshelplifetodevelop?5)Whyweremammalsdifferentfromotheranimals?3.Givestudents4minutestoreadthepassageathirdtime.Encouragethemtotrytodealwiththelanguagepointsinthecontext.Givethemsomeexplanationsifnecessary.4.ListeningandreadingaloudLetstudentslistentothetape.Remindthemtopayattentiontothepronunciationofeachnewwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Thenaskthemtoreadthetextaloudtothetape.→Step5ExtensionLetstudentsthinkaboutanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Doyoubelievethatthereislifeonotherplanets?Whyorwhynot?2.Doyouthinkitispossiblethatonedaypeoplewillmovetheirhousestootherplanets?→Step6Closingdown1.Havestudentsgetpreparedin3minutesorsoandthenaskthemtoretellhowlifebeganontheearth.2.Askasmanystudentsaspossibletohaveatryinfrontoftheclass.→Step8Homework1.Gooverthetextandtrytolearnalltheusefulwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.2.FinishtheexercisesinComprehendingonPage27.

板書設(shè)計(jì)

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

Warmingupandreading

活動(dòng)與探究Supposeyouareanexpertwhostudiesastronomy.YouareinvitedtogiveaspeechtotheschoolstudentsaboutthedevelopmentoflifeonEarthDay(April22).ReadthepassageHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHagainandgotothelibraryorsurftheInternettofindmoreinformationandbereadytopresentyourspeechtotheclass.Youmaybeginlikethis:Goodmorning/afternoon.Iamgreatlyhonoredtobeheretogiveyouaspeechaboutthedevelopmentoflife....