小學(xué)三年英語(yǔ)教案

高三英語(yǔ)教案：《Astronomy: the science of the stars》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。

詞匯詳解：

1.In our solar system eight planets circle around the sun.

在我們的太陽(yáng)系里八個(gè)行星繞太陽(yáng)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。

The birds were circling around over the lake.

鳥兒在湖面上空繞圈子。

The teachers are used to circling the pupils' spelling mistakes in red ink.

教師習(xí)慣于用紅筆圈出學(xué)生的拼寫錯(cuò)誤。

They sat in a circle round the fire.

他們圍著火坐成一圈。

In political circles there is talk of war.

在政治圈里，有人談?wù)摰剑〞?huì)發(fā)生）戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)

2. The origin of life on earth is a question that interests astronomers.

地球上生命的起源是個(gè)使天文學(xué)家感興趣的問(wèn)題。

the origins of civilization 文明的起源

He is a German by origin.他原籍德國(guó)。

This new theory will certainly interest you.

這新理論肯定會(huì)引起你的興趣。

I find no interest in such things.

我對(duì)這些不感興趣。

His two great interests in life are music and painting.

他一生中的兩大愛好是音樂(lè)和繪畫。

The interests of the individual must be subordinated to the interests of the collective.

個(gè)人利益必須服從集體利益。

3. However， according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.

但是，一種普遍為人們所接受的理論是：宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，這次大爆炸將物質(zhì)投射到四面八方。

?● widely accepted 被廣泛地接受、認(rèn)可

● begin with 始于

to begin with 起初

Knowledge begins with practice. 認(rèn)識(shí)從實(shí)踐開始。

To begin with, I couldn’t understand every word.

起初，我一句也沒(méi)弄明白。

●In which direction are you going, north or south?

你準(zhǔn)備往哪個(gè)方向走？向北還是向南？

What direction does this exhibition hall face?

展覽館朝什么方向

【聯(lián)想拓展】

in all directions 四面八方; 各方面

in every direction向各方面, 向四面八方

in the direction of 朝 ... 方向

4. a cloud of dust 一團(tuán)塵埃

a cloud of …一大群，一大片

My mother drew my uncle's attention to a cloud of unusual size and shape .

我的媽媽讓我的叔叔注意一團(tuán)形狀大小很不規(guī)則的云彩。

5. What it was to become was uncertain, …

它會(huì)變成什么沒(méi)有人知道，……

?●What it was to become 是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，在整個(gè)句子中做主語(yǔ)；

【?聯(lián)想拓展?】?

●be to do這一結(jié)構(gòu)在本句中表示“即將”。

be to do的其他用法：

1)表示命令、義務(wù)、職責(zé)等，可譯作“應(yīng)該、必須”。長(zhǎng)輩要求晚輩做某事常用這一句型。

2)表示將來(lái)要做的事，或按計(jì)劃、約定要做的事，這一用法主要用于正規(guī)文件中，可譯作“打算、將要”。

3)表示不可避免將要發(fā)生的事，或命中注定的事。

I am uncertain what to do. 我確定不了做什么。

6. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.

地球開始變得激烈動(dòng)蕩，不知道這個(gè)固體形狀是否會(huì)繼續(xù)存在下去。

●a violent wind 暴風(fēng)

a violent death 橫死; 暴死

a violent dislike 極端的厭惡

●The hot weather lasted until the end of September.

炎熱的天氣一直持續(xù)到九月底。

This food will last them 5 days.

這些食物足夠他們吃五天。

This cloth lasts well.

這種布很耐穿。

7. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time to produce the water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases,...

它（地球）巨大的爆炸噴出了烈火與巖石，最終產(chǎn)生了水蒸氣、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多種氣體，……?

●explode with anger勃然大怒, 大發(fā)脾氣

explode with laugher哄堂大笑

The bomb exploded.炸彈爆炸了。

I threw the vase on the floor and it exploded into tiny pieces.

我把花瓶扔到了地板上，花瓶砰地一聲摔個(gè)粉碎

The children exploded three firecrackers.

孩子們?nèi)挤帕巳齻€(gè)爆竹

?●in time來(lái)得及;總有一天，遲早?

I was just in time for the flight.?

我剛好來(lái)得及趕上那班飛機(jī)。?

I will see him in time.總有一天我會(huì)遇見他。?

【?聯(lián)想拓展?】?

in no time立即，立刻

at any time 在任何時(shí)候?

at one time曾經(jīng)，一度

at times 有時(shí)，偶爾?

on time按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí)

of the time現(xiàn)在的，當(dāng)時(shí)的?

I jump into the river in no time.

我立即跳入河中。?

You may use my watch at any time.?

你可以隨時(shí)用我的手表。?

At one time there were not so many cars on the streets.?

從前街上沒(méi)有這么多車子。?

At times I go to the playground to play football.?

我有時(shí)到操場(chǎng)踢足球。?

The guest reached the hall on time.

客人準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)大廳。?

I think he is the greatest musician of the time.?

我想他是當(dāng)代最偉大的音樂(lè)家。

【練習(xí)】

用time介詞短語(yǔ)填空

(1)—Why are you in a hurry to leave here??—Get home ________ to bathe the children.

(2)These buses are never ________ and the passengers are always complaining.?

(3)I am away, please call me ________ if someone come to see me.

(4)You can’t imagine this lake used to be a beautiful place in our province ________.

(5)He rushed out of the kitchen ________ when he heard the shout.

(6) ______ I sit silently and wonder if this kind of job is worth all the effort.

8. cool down 冷卻,平靜下來(lái)

A heated argument can be settled better if both sides cool down first.

如果雙方都先冷靜下來(lái)，激烈的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)可以處理得好一些。

9. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.

水會(huì)對(duì)于生命的發(fā)展起關(guān)鍵作用，這一點(diǎn)在當(dāng)時(shí)并不明顯。

●It is obvious that she is very clever. 很明顯，她挺聰明。

●There are fundamental differences between your religious beliefs and mine.

你我的宗教信仰根本不同.

The fundamental cause of his success is hard work

他成功的重要原因是努力工作。

Fresh air is fundamental to good health. 空氣新鮮是身體健

康之必需。

A fundamental of good behavior is consideration for others.

良好行為的一個(gè)根本是體諒他人。

10. … the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.

水的持續(xù)存在使得地球把有害氣體和酸性物質(zhì)溶解在海洋里。

●Your presence is a gift to the world.

你的存在是獻(xiàn)給世界的一份厚禮。

She was so quiet that her presence was hardly noticed.

她一聲不響，幾乎沒(méi)有人留意到她在場(chǎng)。

Your presence at the meeting is requested. 敬請(qǐng)光臨。

【聯(lián)想拓展?】

●allow sb. sth.同意給某人某物

allow sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事

allow doing sth.允許做某事，與permit在很多情況下可以通用。其他動(dòng)詞advise，forbid 也有類似用法。

The reading room doesn’t allow smoking.閱覽室不準(zhǔn)吸煙。

People are not allowed to spit in public.不許當(dāng)眾吐痰。

permit, allow的不同用法:

(1)allow可以和副詞連用，permit則不能。如:

Mary wouldn’t allow me in.瑪麗不讓我進(jìn)去。

(2)表示客氣的請(qǐng)求時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是you應(yīng)當(dāng)用permit，以表示下級(jí)對(duì)上級(jí)，幼輩對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩，低層對(duì)高層人尊敬的請(qǐng)求。若主語(yǔ)用I，則應(yīng)當(dāng)用allow的被動(dòng)形式。如:

May I be allowed to use this knife? =Will you permit me to use this knife?我可以用你的刀子嗎？

【練習(xí)?】

用allow短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式完成句子

(1)The girl’s parents are very strict and they don’t _____________________________________ beyond midnight.

女孩的父母相當(dāng)嚴(yán)厲，他們不允許她待在外面超過(guò)12點(diǎn)。

(2)We don’t _______________________________________ in the meeting room of the school.

我們不準(zhǔn)有人在學(xué)校的會(huì)議室里吵鬧。

(3)I _______________________________________ for his birthday present.?

我答應(yīng)給小男孩自行車作為生日禮物。

11. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

這就產(chǎn)生了一系列的反應(yīng)，使得生命就有可能開始發(fā)展了。

12. They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.?

它們繁殖起來(lái)并使得海洋充滿了氧氣，這促進(jìn)了早期貝殼類動(dòng)物和各種魚類以后生的長(zhǎng)發(fā)育。

●He filled the bucket with water.

他把水桶裝滿水。

●There have been many new developments in gene.

基因方面已經(jīng)有幾項(xiàng)新的發(fā)展。

Father watched the development of his baby with interest.

爸爸充滿興趣地看著孩子的成長(zhǎng)。

【聯(lián)想拓展】

with the development of society 隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展

political development政治動(dòng)態(tài)

housing development住宅區(qū)

【練習(xí)】

詞形填空

(1)As the new country ______ (develop),more and more people live a happy and easy life.

(2)America is a ______ (develop) country, the average income is very large.

(3)In Africa, some countries are ___ (develop) countries. They are badly need other countries aid.

(4)With the ______ (develop) of economy, our society still needs the rapid development of civilization.

13. …were able to live on land as well as in the water. ……

既能在陸地上生存也能在水里生存。

●He grows flowers as well as vegetables.

他既種菜也種花.

I'm learning French as well as English.

我學(xué)英語(yǔ)之外還學(xué)法語(yǔ)。

Rose is as well as her brother.

羅斯和她哥哥身體一樣棒。

14. They produced young generally by laying eggs.

它們一般是通過(guò)孵蛋而繁衍后代的。

Animals protect their young. 動(dòng)物保護(hù)它們的幼崽。

15. …existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.

……在地球上生存了一億四千多萬(wàn)年。

●exist v.存在;there exist表示“存在/有”，此時(shí)exist不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。

Several people believe the Devil exists in the world.

少數(shù)人認(rèn)為世界上存在惡魔。

There exists warm-hearted person everywhere.

好人到處都有。

Conference like the Earth Summit help people understand that there exist serious problems and that there is still time to take action.

像地球峰會(huì)一樣的會(huì)議有助于人們明白現(xiàn)存在的嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題，也明白還有時(shí)間來(lái)采取行動(dòng)的。

there exist表示“存在/有”，是 “there be”句型的延伸，類似的還有there stand, there lie, there live, there occur。

【練習(xí)】

詞形填空

It is surprising that a kind of animal _______ (exist) in the dry desert.?

(2)There ______ (exist) a good way to solve many difficult physics problems.?

16. give birth to 引起，產(chǎn)生，造成，生

His wife give birth to a son for him.

他老婆給他生了一個(gè)兒子.

It is very important that you should I learn to release the stress. Otherwise, it will give birth to a serious psychological question.

最重要的是要學(xué)會(huì)釋放壓力.否則,就會(huì)產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的心理問(wèn)題.

17. …some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth.

一些小巧聰明，長(zhǎng)著手腳的動(dòng)物出現(xiàn)了，它們散布在地球各個(gè)地方。

spread(spread, spread) vt.使伸展，延伸vi.（消息等）傳開，流行

Mum spread a new cloth bought in the supermarket on the table when we had dinner.

我們吃飯時(shí)媽媽在桌子上鋪上一條從超市買來(lái)的新桌布。

He spread out his arms to welcome us warmly.

他張開雙臂熱情地歡迎我們。

The exciting news spread through the school quickly.

這激動(dòng)人心的消息很快傳遍了學(xué)校。

【聯(lián)想拓展?】

spread out 傳開

spread rumors 散布謠言

spread like wildfire 像野火一般傳開

spread oneself 舒展身體

spread the table 鋪?zhàn)雷?/p>

spread the load 分?jǐn)?工作量)

18. Thus they have, in their turn, became the most important animals on the planet.

于是，他們接著成為了這個(gè)行星上最重要的動(dòng)物。

There has been no rain — thus, the crops are drying.

天沒(méi)下雨，因此莊稼要枯死了。

She studied hard; thus she got high marks.

她用功讀書, 因此獲得高分。

19. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.

他們把過(guò)多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層中，這使得地球上的熱不能釋放到太空中去。

●The atmosphere here is very clear.這里的空氣很純凈。

There is an atmosphere of peace and calm in the country, quite different from the atmosphere of a big city.

在鄉(xiāng)間有一種和平寧?kù)o的氣氛，和大城市的氣氛截然不同。

●prevent sb./sth.(from) doing sth.阻止某人或者某事做某事

His words can’t prevent us from buying books.

他的話不會(huì)阻止我們買書。

The heavy rain prevented us going on,but we didn’t lose heart.

大雨阻止我們前進(jìn)，但是我們不灰心喪氣。

另外，與這種結(jié)構(gòu)相似的有stop sb./sth.(from) doing sth.（from可以省略）和keep sb./sth. from doing sth.（from不可以省略）。

Lynn’s parents tried to stop her seeing him.

林恩的父母企圖阻止她和他見面。

You won’t keep the things from happening.

你不能阻止事情發(fā)生。

【聯(lián)想拓展】

完成句子

(1)Nothing would ________________________ against injustice. ( prevent)?

什么也不能阻止他鳴不平。

Please have an apple _________________ until dinner time.(keep)?

吃個(gè)蘋果就能挨到吃晚飯了。

單選

（3）The heavy rain _____ us visiting the attractive lake, but we didn’t _____.

A. prevented; lose the heart B. prevented; lose heart

C. kept; lose the heart D. kept; lose the heart

20. As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on.

因此，很多科學(xué)家們相信地球可能會(huì)變得太熱而不能在上面生存。

As a result of the rain, I was late.

雨太大，所以我來(lái)晚了。

21. So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.?

所以在未來(lái)的數(shù)百萬(wàn)年中，生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個(gè)問(wèn)題能否得到解決。?

depend on/upon意思為“依靠，依賴”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)是 depend on sb./ sth.，depend on sb. to do sth.。

The country depends heavily on its tourist trade.

這個(gè)國(guó)家主要依靠旅游業(yè)。

The poor man depends his son to earn money.

這個(gè)窮人依靠他的兒子去賺錢。

要特別注意depend on it常用于句首或句末，意思為“請(qǐng)放心，沒(méi)問(wèn)題”;It all depends和That depends意思為“看情況而定”，二者都用于口語(yǔ)中。例如：

Depend on it, he’ll turn up.

請(qǐng)放心，他一定會(huì)來(lái)的。

It depends how you tackle the problem.

那取決于你如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

【練習(xí)】

用depend短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式完成句子

(1)—Is your father coming tomorrow?

— _______ _______ (那要看情況).He may not have the time.

(2)—We don’t know if we can offer help.

—_______ _______ _______ (一切看情況而定).

(3)—What is your attitude?

—_______ _______ _______ (請(qǐng)放心).We won’t give up.

22. There used to be nine planets in the solar system.

在太陽(yáng)系了原來(lái)有九顆行星。

注意there be的變形：there seems to be, there must be, there can be, there is going to be, there has/have been 等。

23. At the beginning, the earth had no water. 起初，地球上沒(méi)有水。

【聯(lián)想拓展】

A good beginning makes a good ending. [諺]欲善其終必先善其始。

at the beginning從一開始; 開始; 起初; 首先

at the beginning of在...初

from beginning to end從頭到尾, 自始自終

Everything must have a beginning.[諺]凡事都有個(gè)開頭。

24. The evidence for this theory is that the atoms that make up the rocks on the moon seem to be different from those on the earth.

這個(gè)理論的根據(jù)是組成月球上巖石的分子似乎與地球的不同。

Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.

農(nóng)民只占人口的一小部分.

Every one can be different from another. Why must we all be the same?

每個(gè)人都可以和別人不一樣。為什么非要人人都一樣？

25. Although its origin may still be a puzzle, the moon can never be anything more than a satellite of the earth.

雖然它的起源仍然是個(gè)謎，但是月球就是地球的一個(gè)衛(wèi)星。

It's a puzzle where all my money goes each week.

我每星期的錢都到哪兒去了是一個(gè)難解的問(wèn)題。

This letter puzzles me.

這封信使我迷惑不解。

I'm puzzled about what to do next.

下一步該怎么辦,我心里還沒(méi)數(shù)哩。

26. find ways to solve the problem of global warming.【djz525.cOM 勵(lì)志的句子】

找到解決全球變暖這個(gè)難題的方法

27. die out滅絕, 逐漸消失, 漸漸止息

Some animals will die out if we don't protect them.

好多動(dòng)物會(huì)滅絕假如我們?cè)俨蝗ケＷo(hù)他們。

28. As a result of this event, a great dust cloud formed in the sky blocking out the sunlight.

由于這件事，在天空中形成一大團(tuán)塵埃遮住了陽(yáng)光。

That wall blocks out all the light.

那堵墻把光線都遮住了。

29. However, whether the climate will change again is a concern for everybody on earth.

但是，氣候是否會(huì)再變是世上每個(gè)人關(guān)切的事。

She showed great concern about you. 她很為你擔(dān)心。

【?聯(lián)想拓展?】?

have a concern in和...有利害關(guān)系

have no concern for毫不關(guān)心

30. …a comet crashed into the earth long ago…

……很久以前，一顆彗星撞擊了地球，……

She noticed a car crash into a big tree nearby

.她注意到一輛小汽車撞到了附件的一棵大樹上。

31. …I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space

………有幸得到一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)去太空旅行……

They know well enough what we mean. 他們當(dāng)然懂得我們的意思。

32. …explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful.

…向我解釋說(shuō)，在我們的航行中會(huì)有三次引力的改變，而第一次的改變將是最強(qiáng)的。

Please explain to me where to begin and how to do it.

請(qǐng)向我說(shuō)明從哪里開始以及怎樣做。

He explained how the machine was used.

他解釋了怎樣使用那臺(tái)機(jī)器。

33. As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth’s gravity.

隨著火箭徐徐升空，因?yàn)槲覀円M力逃離地球的吸引力，所以我們被向后推在座位上。

【?聯(lián)想拓展?】?

escape danger脫險(xiǎn)

escape one's memory被某人遺忘

His name escapes me. (=His name escapes my memory.)

我記不得他的名字了。

He narrowly escaped death.

他九死一生。

The hotel guests tried their best to escape from the burning building.

旅客們盡力從燃燒的大樓中逃出來(lái)。

34. On the earth if I fall from the tree I will fall to the ground.

在地球上如果我們從樹上掉下來(lái)，總會(huì)朝地上落下去的。

35. When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth’s.

當(dāng)我們更接近月球時(shí)，就會(huì)感到月球的引力在拉我們，但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。

36. I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.

我離開高興起來(lái)，由于失重我在太空艙里飄來(lái)飄去，望著地球越來(lái)越小，月亮越來(lái)越大。

37. But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.

但是當(dāng)我努力向前邁步的時(shí)候，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是地球上的兩倍。

【聯(lián)想拓展】

英語(yǔ)倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：

1.用times表示倍數(shù)（一般限于包括基數(shù)在內(nèi)三倍或三倍以上的數(shù)。表示兩倍的數(shù)，一般用twice）

其句型有：

1）...times+形容詞（副詞）比較級(jí)+than...。如：

This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.

這個(gè)大廳比我們的教室大五倍。（是我們教室的六倍大）

2）...times +as+形容詞（或much）或副詞原級(jí)+as...。如：

The big box is four times as heavy as the small one.

大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。

3）...times +the+名詞（size, height, weight, length, width）+of。如：

This big tree is four times the height of that small one.

這棵大樹的高度是那棵小樹的四倍。（比那棵小樹高三倍）

4）...times+more+名詞（可數(shù)，不可數(shù)）+than...。如：

There are four times more books in our library than in yours.

我們圖書館藏書（數(shù)量）是你們圖書館的四倍。（多三倍）

5）...times +as many（或much）+名詞+其他。如：

There are three times as many apples in this basket as in that one.

這個(gè)籃里的蘋果是那個(gè)籃里的三倍。

There are five times as many students as we expected.

這里的學(xué)生是我們預(yù)計(jì)的五倍。

6）...times +over+被比對(duì)象，表示“增加……倍”。如：

The grain output in that village was twice over that of 1978.

那個(gè)村的糧食產(chǎn)量比1978年的增加了兩倍。

7）...times +that of+被比較的對(duì)象表示“是……倍”。如：

In this workshop, the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.

這個(gè)車間7月份的產(chǎn)量是1月份的3.5倍。

2.用double表示倍數(shù)。

1）double作形容詞，表示“兩倍的”。如：

The production is now double what it was ten years ago.

現(xiàn)在的產(chǎn)量是十年前的兩倍。

2）double作動(dòng)詞，意為“是……的兩倍”。如：

The output has been doubled in the past five years.

過(guò)去五年中產(chǎn)量翻了一番。

38. Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.

既然重力改變了走路確實(shí)需要練一練了。

39. After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.

過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，我才掌握了走路的訣竅，這才開始感到自入了。

40. We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased.

我們驚奇地看著，隨著地球引力的增加，宇宙飛船的外層燃燒起火。

break out可指大火、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等突然爆發(fā)。

World War Ⅱ broke out in 1939.

第二次世界大戰(zhàn)是1939年爆發(fā)的。

break out還可指突然發(fā)出某種聲音。

She broke out in curses in her dream.她在夢(mèng)中大聲咒罵起來(lái)。

41. There is very little gravity so that things float around.引力很小以致于東西飄來(lái)飄去。

42. watch out for… 戒備，提放，密切注意

43. Astronomy is a scientific subject made up of mathematics and physics.

天文學(xué)是數(shù)學(xué)和物理構(gòu)成的科學(xué)科目。

44. You can use the scientific method when studying English too.

學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候你也可以運(yùn)用科學(xué)方法。

◆genuine指物品的來(lái)歷或性質(zhì)同所說(shuō)的是一致的。如:

相關(guān)推薦

高三英語(yǔ)教案：《the science of the stars》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

●重點(diǎn)單詞

1．a(chǎn)stronomy n．天文學(xué)→astronomer n．天文學(xué)家

2．system n．系統(tǒng)；體系；制度

3．theory n．學(xué)說(shuō)；理論→theoretical adj.理論上的

4．globe n．球體；地球儀；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的

5．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈地

6．a(chǎn)tmosphere n．大氣層；氣氛

7．unlike prep.不同；不像→dislike vt.不喜歡

8．presence n．出席；到場(chǎng)；存在→present adj. & n. & v．在場(chǎng)的；目前，現(xiàn)在；出席；頒發(fā)，授予

9．harmful adj.有害的；傷害的→harm n．危害，害處→harmless adj.無(wú)害的

10．exist vi.存在，生存→existence n．存在，生存

11．puzzle n．謎；難題vt. & vi.(使)迷惑；(使)為難→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的

12．gravity n．萬(wàn)有引力；重力

13．satellite n．衛(wèi)星；人造衛(wèi)星

14．climate n．氣候

15．spaceship n．宇宙飛船

16．pull n. & vt.拉(力)；拖；牽引力

17．float vi. & vt.(使)浮動(dòng)；(使)漂浮 n．漂浮物

18．mass n．質(zhì)量；團(tuán)；塊；大量；(復(fù))群眾

●重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

1．in time　及時(shí)；終于

2．lay eggs 下蛋

3．give birth to 產(chǎn)生；分娩

4．in one’s turn 輪到某人；接著

5．prevent...from 阻止；制止

6．block out 擋住(光線)

7．cheer up 感到高興；感到振奮

8．now that 既然

9．break out 突發(fā)；爆發(fā)

10．watch out 密切注視；當(dāng)心；提防

11．cool down 冷卻

12．a(chǎn)s well as 也；還有……

13．depend on 依靠；依賴，取決于

14．get close to 靠近

●重點(diǎn)句型

1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

這就形成一個(gè)連鎖反應(yīng)，使生命發(fā)展成為可能。

2．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.

而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步時(shí)，我發(fā)覺我被送出很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。

3．...walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.……既然重力改變了，行走的確需要一些練習(xí)。

●高考范文

(2009·陜西卷)

假定你是李華。在一個(gè)英文網(wǎng)絡(luò)論壇上，你看到一個(gè)名叫Grown－up的中學(xué)生發(fā)帖(post)尋求幫助，請(qǐng)根據(jù)帖子內(nèi)容、寫作要點(diǎn)和要求回貼。

Grown－up Post at 18－5－2009 20：08

? Hi, everyone，

I'm 17 years old and I am going to university this autumn. But my mother continues to treat me as a seven－year－old. What should I do?

TOP

Last Topic　Next Topic ＋REPLY　＋NEW

寫作要點(diǎn)：

1．告訴Grown－up要理解母親；

2．給Grown－up提出解決問(wèn)題的具體建議。

要求：

1.短文需寫在答題卡的指定區(qū)域。

2.短文詞數(shù)不少于80(不含已寫好的部分)。

3.內(nèi)容充實(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，語(yǔ)意連貫。

4.書寫須清晰、工整。

Hi, Grown－up，

As a student of your age, I understand your situation.

____________________________________________________

____________________________________________________

[范文]

Hi，Grown－up，

As a student of your age, I understand your situation. The problem you are facing is common among our teenagers. However, it should be wise not to do anything that may hurt her feelings. Here are a few suggestions.

First, it's advisable to talk more with your mom. I learnt talks help you understand each other better. They are also opportunities to let her know your ideas of and attitudes toward many things.

Second, you should learn to do your own things well, proving to your mom that you are already a “grown－up”， It's even better if you could share more of the housework, such as cleaning, washing and cooking.

考 點(diǎn) 探 究

互動(dòng)探究·能力備考

Ⅰ.詞匯短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)

1．harmful adj. 有害的；傷害的

harm n．&vt. 損傷；傷害

harmless adj. 無(wú)害的

harmlessness n. 無(wú)害

be harmful to 對(duì)……有害

do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 對(duì)某人有害

do more harm than good 弊大于利

There is (no) harm in (sb.‘s) doing sth.

(某人)做某事有(無(wú))害處。

It does (no) harm (for sb.) to do sth. (對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō))

做某事有(無(wú))害處。

mean no harm 沒(méi)有惡意

[即學(xué)即練1](1)Fruit juice can ______ __________ ______ children‘s teeth.果汁可能損壞兒童的牙齒。

(2)What he did _________ his reputation.

他所做的損害了他的名聲。

be

harmful

to

harmed

(3)He may look fierce, but he _________ ______ ______.

他可能看上去很兇，但并無(wú)惡意。

(4)The court case will ______ ______ ______ ______ my business.這起訴訟案件將嚴(yán)重?fù)p害我的生意。

means

no

harm

do

serious

harm

to

2．exist vi. 存在；生存；維持生活

existent adj. 存在的，現(xiàn)存的　existence n. 存在，生存

There exists/existed....某地有……，存在……

exist in 存在于……之中

exist on 靠……為生

exist by 靠……生存

come into existence 開始存在；成立

bring into existence 使發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生

[即學(xué)即練2](1)________ always ________ a force of attraction between two bodies. 兩物體間總是存在著吸引力。

(2)They ______ ______ very little food.

他們靠極少的食物來(lái)生存。

(3)That word doesn‘t ______ in English.

英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有這個(gè)詞。

There

exists

exist

on

exist

(4)Fish can't ______ ______ ______ ______.

魚離開水就不能生存。

(5)When did the world ______ ______ ______________？

世界是什么時(shí)候開始產(chǎn)生的？

exist

out

of

water

come

into

existence

3．puzzle vt. 使困惑；使糊涂　n. 難題；謎

puzzling adj. 令人困惑的

puzzled adj. 感到困惑的

puzzle about/over sth. 苦苦思索；仔細(xì)琢磨

puzzle sth. out 琢磨出……的答案；開動(dòng)腦筋

be in a puzzle about sth. 對(duì)某事迷惑不解

set a puzzle for sb.(＝set sb. a puzzle) 出個(gè)謎語(yǔ)叫某人猜

be puzzled by 被……迷惑

[即學(xué)即練3](1)It's quite ______ ______ ______ us why he did that.

他為何做那樣的事，我們完全搞不懂。

(2)This sentence _________ me. 這個(gè)句子令我困惑。

(3)I ______ ________ how to solve the problem.

我不知道怎樣解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

(4)The question is ________ to me. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題令我困惑。

a

puzzle

to

puzzles

was

puzzled

puzzling

4．in one’s turn輪到某人；接著

in turn依次；輪流；轉(zhuǎn)而；反過(guò)來(lái)

by turns輪流；交替

take one’s turn輪到某人做……了

take turns依次；輪班，輪流

on the turn正在轉(zhuǎn)變，正在變化

out of turn不合時(shí)宜地，魯莽地

[即學(xué)即練4](1)The girls called out their names ______ ______.

那些女孩兒逐一報(bào)出了自己的名字。

(2)We make every effort to make more films, and ______ ______ this creates further environmental pollution.

我們?cè)诮吡ιa(chǎn)出更多的電影，反過(guò)來(lái)這又造成了進(jìn)一步的環(huán)境污染。

in

turn

in

turn

(3)We kept watch ______ ______.

＝We ______ ______ to keep watch.

我們輪流守望。

by

turns

took

turns

5．prevent...from 阻止；制止

stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

protect sb. from...保護(hù)某人不受……侵襲，擋住，防御

keep sb. doing sth. 讓某人一直做某事

[即學(xué)即練5](1)What can we do to ___________________ this disease ______ ___________？我們能做什么來(lái)防止這種疾病蔓延呢？

(2)Don't ______ others ________ for long.不要讓別人等太久。

prevent/stop/keep

from

spreading

keep

waiting

提示：(1)在被動(dòng)句中 from 均不能省略。如：

We were stopped/prevented/kept from going out by the heavy rain.

大雨使我們無(wú)法外出。

(2)protect...from...中 from后接能帶來(lái)傷害或損害之事物。如：

They huddled together to protect themselves from the wind. 他們擠在一起，免受風(fēng)吹。

6．cheer up 感到高興；感到振奮

cheer sb. up 使某人高興；使某人振奮

cheer on 為……加油

cheer sb. 為某人喝彩

with good cheer 欣然地

Cheers! 干杯！祝你健康！(用于祝酒)

[即學(xué)即練6](1)______ ______！ The news isn't too bad.

振作一點(diǎn)吧！也不是什么太壞的消息。

(2)Every time an English runner won a race, the crowd _________.每次英國(guó)選手贏得賽跑冠軍，觀眾就歡呼。

(3)The crowd __________ their favourite horse ______.

觀眾都替他們看好的馬加油。

Cheer

up

cheered

cheered

on

7．break out (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、災(zāi)難、瘟疫等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)(無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

①The Second World War broke out in September 1939.

“二戰(zhàn)”是1939年9月爆發(fā)的。

②A fire broke out in the neighborhood last night.

昨晚居民區(qū)里發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。

拓展：break away from 脫離(政黨等)；打破(陳套等)

break down 出故障，拋錨；(計(jì)劃等)失??；(身體、精神等)垮掉；打倒，砸破；(化合物等)分解

break in 破門而入；闖入；打斷(話語(yǔ)等)

break into 破門而入，突然……起來(lái)

break off 折斷；突然中止，斷絕，結(jié)束

break through 突破

break up 打碎，拆散；散開，解散；(學(xué)校)期末放假，(集會(huì))結(jié)束

break into pieces 成為碎片

[即學(xué)即練7]　介、副詞填空

(1)She started to speak, then broke ______ while a waitress served us with coffee.

(2)He lost his job and his marriage broke ______.

(3)Her health broke ________ under the pressure of work.

off

up

down

(4)Should another world war break ______， what would become of human beings?

(5)Firemen had to break the door ______ to reach the people trapped inside.

(6)The meeting broke ______ at eleven o'clock.

out

down

up

8．watch out 注意；當(dāng)心

watch out(for)＝ look out (for)

密切注意；留神

take care 留神，注意

be careful 仔細(xì)，留神

watch it 當(dāng)心，小心

watch over 照看；看守

keep a close watch/eye on 密切注視

[即學(xué)即練8](1)______ ______！ There is a car coming!

當(dāng)心！有車來(lái)了！

(2)______ ______ ______ cars while crossing the road.

過(guò)馬路時(shí)要當(dāng)心車輛。

(3)______ ______ not to catch a cold.＝______ ______ not to catch a cold. 當(dāng)心別著涼。

Watch

out

Watch

out

for

Be

careful

Take

care

Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型詳解

1．This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

這就形成一個(gè)連鎖反應(yīng)，使生命發(fā)展成為可能。

本句中 it做形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為不定式短語(yǔ) for life to develop。it做形式賓語(yǔ)還可以代替動(dòng)名詞或從句。

①He thinks it his duty to help others.

他認(rèn)為幫助別人是他的職責(zé)。

②He made it a rule to get up at six every morning.

他把每天早晨6點(diǎn)起床作為一項(xiàng)規(guī)定。

③We consider it no use going to the seaside.

我們認(rèn)為去海邊沒(méi)用處。

④We all consider it a pity that you didn‘t come to the party.

我們都認(rèn)為你沒(méi)有來(lái)參加聚會(huì)很遺憾。

⑤I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.

我不喜歡人們說(shuō)話時(shí)嘴里有滿滿的東西。

⑥You may depend on it that we’re honest.

你可以相信我們是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。

拓展：it還可以做形式主語(yǔ)，代替真正的主語(yǔ)——不定式(或不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))、動(dòng)名詞(或動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))或從句。

(1)It's＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth. 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是……的。

(2)It's＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事……

(3)It's/was/...who/that...是某人/某物做……

(4)It is/was the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that...＋主語(yǔ)＋have/had done...

這是某人第……次做……

(5)It is (high) time that...＋主語(yǔ)＋did/should do...

是……該做……的時(shí)候了。

(6)It's said/reported/believed/announced that...

據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)報(bào)道/據(jù)猜測(cè)/據(jù)稱……

(7)It‘s a pity/a shame/a wonder...that...

可惜/遺憾/奇怪……的是……

(8)It happens/appears/seems that... 恰巧/看來(lái)/好像……

(9)It looks/seems as if... 看起來(lái)好像……

(10)It’s up to sb. to do... 該某人做……了

[即境活用1]　(1)He didn't make ______ clear when and where the meeting would be held.

A．this　B．that

C．it D．these

解析：it做形式賓語(yǔ)，真正賓語(yǔ)為 when and where從句。

答案：C

(2)I'd appreciate ______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.

A．that B．it

C．this D．you

解析：it做形式賓語(yǔ)，代替 if從句。

答案：B

2．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.

而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步時(shí)，我發(fā)覺我被送出很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。

倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式有：

(1)“A＋倍數(shù)＋形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)＋than＋B”，表示“A比B大(長(zhǎng)、高、寬等)多少倍”。

(2)“A＋倍數(shù)＋as＋形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)＋as＋B”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。

(3)“A＋倍數(shù)＋the size/height/length/width, etc.＋of＋B”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。

(4)“A＋倍數(shù)＋what從句”，表示“A是……的多少倍”。

①Asia is four times as large as Europe.

＝The size of Asia is four times that of Europe.

＝Asia is four times the size of Europe.

＝Asia is three times larger than Europe.

亞洲是歐洲的四倍大(比歐洲大三倍)。

②Our total income of 1994 was double that of 1992.

我們1994年的總收入是1992年的兩倍。

③The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.現(xiàn)在的產(chǎn)量是十年前的三倍。

[即境活用2]　(1)Though it's a challenging job, he did it ______ it took me.

A．onethird a time B．onethird time

C．the onethird time D．onethird the time

解析：考查倍數(shù)比較的句型，即“倍數(shù)＋the＋n.”結(jié)構(gòu)。

答案：D

(2)What a table! I've never seen such a thing before. It is ______ it is long.

A．half not as wide as B．wide not as half as

C．not half as wide as D．a(chǎn)s wide as not half

解析：考查倍數(shù)比較 half＋as...as。

答案：C

3．...walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed. ……既然重力改變了，行走的確需要一些練習(xí)

(1)句中 does need是一種強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。

①在一般句型中，do (does, did)常用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣，在句中要重讀，譯為“真的”“的確”“確實(shí)”等。

You do look nice today. 你今天看起來(lái)真的很漂亮。

Jack said he would come and he did come.

杰克說(shuō)他要來(lái)，他果真來(lái)了。

②在祈使句中，do表示強(qiáng)烈的請(qǐng)求，而不是命令，有時(shí)它可以使邀請(qǐng)對(duì)方的心意顯得更加客氣、熱情、友好，而且親切，此時(shí)的 do可譯為“千萬(wàn)，務(wù)必”等。

Please do sit down. 務(wù)必請(qǐng)坐下。

Do be careful next time. 下次千萬(wàn)要小心。

(2)now that 在句中引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于 since，意為“既然，由于”，that 可省略。

Now that you have finished your work, you‘d better have a rest. 既然工作已經(jīng)做完了，你最好休息一下。

辨析：now that/because/since/as/for

now that 說(shuō)明已經(jīng)成為事實(shí)的原因，常譯為“既然”。

because 語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，回答的是用 why提問(wèn)的問(wèn)句，表示直接的或?yàn)槿怂恢脑颉?/p>

since與 as語(yǔ)氣較 because 弱，表示顯而易見或已為人所知的原因。since 側(cè)重主句，as主從并重，語(yǔ)氣比 since 弱。

for是連詞，用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由或提供一種解釋，不一定是真正的原因，不能放在主句前面。

—Why did you do this? 你為什么這么做？

—Because it is good for you. 因?yàn)檫@對(duì)你有好處。

Since you have known it, I won‘t repeat it.

既然你已經(jīng)知道了，我就不重復(fù)了。

Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking.

穿上結(jié)實(shí)的鞋子，因?yàn)槲覀円卟簧俾贰?/p>

It rained last night, for the ground is wet.

昨晚下雨了，因?yàn)榈孛媸菨竦摹?/p>

[即境活用3]　(1)In my opinion, what Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng ______ good to our country's international positions.

A．did do does B．did does do

C．does did do D．do do did

解析：第一個(gè) did是 what主語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；第二個(gè) does強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ) do good to，故選B。

答案：B

易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥

自我完善·誤區(qū)備考

1. unlike/dislike/alike/likely

(1)unlike prep.不同；不像

(2)dislike vt. 不喜歡

(3)alike adj. 相似的，同樣的

(4)likely adj. 很可能發(fā)生的，有希望的

解析：now that 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于 since，意為：既然。

答案：D

[應(yīng)用1]　用 unlike, dislike, alike, likely的適當(dāng)形式填空：

(1)The twins look very much ______.

(2)________ his brother, he ________ playing football.

(3)We all think he is ______ to win.

alike

Unlike

dislikes

likely

2. pull/drag/draw

(1)pull是普通用語(yǔ)，指一時(shí)或突然用力拉，與push相對(duì)。有時(shí)可用于把某人某物拖、拉到某目的地的或固定的方向。

(2)drag是指“拖”“拉”著笨重的物體擦著地面，緩慢而費(fèi)力地拖、拉動(dòng)作。

(3)draw是指“拖”“拉”的物體向自己所在的方向移動(dòng)，而且拖、拉的動(dòng)作是從容的、不太費(fèi)勁的。

[應(yīng)用2]　(1)She _________a truck out from under the bed.

(2)______ the door open. Don’t push it.

(3)______ your chair up to the table.

(4)The ants are _________ pieces of corn.

dragged

Pull

Draw

pulling

3. in time/at a time/at one time/on time/in no time/at times/at no time

in time及時(shí)；總有一天；終于

on time按時(shí)

at one time曾經(jīng)，一度

at a time一次，同時(shí)

at times有時(shí)

at no time決不，在任何時(shí)候都不

in no time立刻，馬上

[應(yīng)用3]　(1)This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months, but it will disappear __________.

(2)_____________ she wanted to be a nurse, but the thought of working at night put her off.

(3)They ran all the way to the corner just ________ to catch the bus.

in no time

At one time

in time

(4)My honey, life is very difficult and cruel _________. Wipe your tears.

(5)Deal with your questions separately, one ______.

(6)Be sure to be _________. The meeting is very important.

(7)___________ will we give up.

at times

at a time

on time

At no time

高 效 作 業(yè)

自我測(cè)評(píng)·技能備考

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫

1．He was interested in a__________________ and always stayed up at night to watch the stars.

2．Not long ago a v___________ earthquake occurred off the coast of Indonesia.

3．Computer hackers have broken down security s____________，raising questions about the safety of information.

4．Too much sugar can be h________ to children's teeth.

astronomy

violent

systems

harmful

5．The three－star hotel offers a friendly

a______________________ and personal service.

6．China has sent up another ______ (人造衛(wèi)星) into space.

7．There is a lot of rubbish ___________(漂浮) on the surface of the river.

8．_____________ (理論) is based on practice.

9．The__________ (氣候) is different from place to place.

10. 6 _______________ (乘) by 5 is 30.

atmosphere

satellite

floating

Theory

climate

multiplied

Ⅱ .單項(xiàng)選擇

1．—I‘m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can‘t pass this time.

—______！ I’m sure you‘ll make it.

A．Go ahead B．Good luck

C．No problem D．Cheer up

答案：D

解析：考查交際用語(yǔ)。cheer up 用于鼓勵(lì)別人：振奮起來(lái)，別灰心。

2．(2010·湖北百校聯(lián)考)With the words, he ______ a wide mouth jar from his pocket and set it on the table in front of him.

A．pulled out B．checked out

C．stuck out D．dropped out

答案：A

解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)意表示他從口袋里拿出一個(gè)廣口瓶，用pull out表示“抽，從……中抽出來(lái)”。check out“結(jié)帳離去，辦妥手續(xù)離去”；stick out“堅(jiān)持，突出，伸出”；drop out“退出，退學(xué)”。

3．As the busiest woman in Norton, she made ______ her duty to look after all the other people‘s affairs in that town.

A．this B．that

C．one D．it

解析：考查 it做形式賓語(yǔ)，真正賓語(yǔ)為不定式短語(yǔ) to look after...。

答案：D

4．Completely lost in the exciting ______ of the football match, Tom didn‘t feel his pocket picked.

A．scene B．view

C．a(chǎn)tmosphere D．sight

答案：C

解析：考查名詞辨析。atmosphere 在此指“氣氛；氛圍”。

5．Many Europeans ______ the continent of Africa in the 19th century.

A．exploded B．exposed

C．explored D．expanded

答案：C

解析：句意為：許多歐洲人在19世紀(jì)對(duì)非洲大陸進(jìn)行了探索。explode爆炸；expose暴露，顯示；explore探索；expand擴(kuò)大。

6．It’s ______ for the Shenzhou Ⅶ spaceship that every Chinese feels cheerful and proud.

A．so a successful flight

B．so successful a flight

C．such successful a flight

D．a(chǎn) such successful flight

答案：B

解析：考查such...that和so...that句型。句意為：對(duì)于“神七”來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一次極為成功的飛行，以至于每個(gè)中國(guó)人都為之高興和自豪?！皊o＋adj.＋a＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”或“such＋a＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”。

7．He has ______ letters to answer and has to work from morning to night.

A．much B．a(chǎn) great deal of

C．masses of D．the number of

答案：C

解析：考查修飾名詞表“大量”的詞的辨析。masses of相當(dāng)于plenty of，意為“許多；大量”。A、B兩項(xiàng)用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞；the number of意為“……的數(shù)目”，與題意不符。

8．(2010·陜西西安質(zhì)檢)We were scared to death when the fire ______. Fortunately, it was put out before it caused much damage.

A．broke out B．came out

C．gave out D．turned out

答案：A

解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。break out表示“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、打斗等不愉快事件)突然發(fā)生”；come out表示“出發(fā)，發(fā)芽”；give out表示“分發(fā)，用完”；turn out表示“結(jié)果是，生產(chǎn)”。語(yǔ)意：突如其來(lái)的大火把我們嚇得要死，幸好被撲滅了，沒(méi)有造成很大損失。A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)意。

9．At the ______ news, there was a ______ expression on his face.

A．puzzled; puzzling B．puzzling; puzzle

C．puzzling; puzzled D．puzzled; puzzle

答案：C

解析：第一空用 puzzling “令人迷惑的”修飾 news；第二空指“迷惑的表情”用 puzzled。

10．Do you think ______ life on Mars?

A．it exists B．there exists

C．it is existed D．there is existed

答案：B

解析：考查There exists ...句式，意為“某地存在某物”。exist v. 存在。

11．All possible means ______. However, nothing can ______ him dying of lung cancer.

A．has tried; stop

B．have tried; keep

C．has been tried; prevent

D．have been tried; stop

答案：D

解析：第一空主語(yǔ) means 是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，有 all修飾，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，且為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；第二空 stop和 prevent 都對(duì)，但 keep...from中 from不能省略。

12．______， I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me, “Keep on working hard, and you‘ll succeed______.”

A．At a time; in time B．At a time; on time

C．At one time; in time D．At one time; on time

答案：C

解析：第一空填 at one time “曾經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間”，第二空填 in time “遲早”。at a time “一次”；on time “按時(shí)”。

13．(2010·北京東城期末)Water, which seems so simple and common, is ______ makes life possible.

A．what B．that

C．which D．how

答案：A

解析：考查表語(yǔ)從句。名詞性從句的解題原則是“缺什么補(bǔ)什么”，此處表語(yǔ)從句“______ makes life possible”中缺少“主語(yǔ)”，同時(shí)“主語(yǔ)”不表示“人”，用what(表示人時(shí)應(yīng)該選用who或者whom)。所以選A項(xiàng)。

14．______you‘ve passed the final exam, you can prepare for the coming holiday.

A．Now that B．As soon as

C．Although D．If

答案：A

解析：考查狀語(yǔ)從句。now that 可引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“既然”。

15．Some parts in South China have experienced ______this year as they did last year.

A．twice as much rain B．rain twice as much

C．a(chǎn)s twice much rain D．twice rain as much

答案：A

解析：考查倍數(shù)比較 twice as much ...as。

Ⅲ .閱讀理解

A

Vincent Van Gogh (30 March 1853～29 July 1890) was a Dutch post－Impressionist artist. He was considered one of the greatest artists with great influence on 20th century art.

Van Gogh spent his early adult life working for a firm of art dealers. After a brief period as a teacher, he became a missionary(傳教士) worker in a very poor mining region. He did not begin his career as an artist until 1880; however during the last ten years of his life, he produced more than 2 000 pieces, including around 900 paintings and 1 100 drawings and sketches(素描).

He worked only with sombre(昏暗的) colours until he met Impressionism and neo－Impressionism in Paris. Van Gogh incorporated(合并) their brighter colours and style of painting into a uniquely recognizable style. Most of his best－known works were produced during his final two years, when he was suffering from serious mental illness.

In 1890, at the age of 37, Van Gogh shot himself in the chest. He died two days later, with Theo, his brother and his best friend, at his side, who reported his last words as “The sadness will last forever”. Theo, unable to come to terms with his brother's death died 6 months later and was buried next to him. It would not take long before his fame grew higher and higher.

Vincent Van Gogh's mother threw away quite a number of his paintings during Vincent's life and even after his death. But she would live long enough to see her son become a world famous painter.

The only painting he sold during his lifetime, The Red Vineyard, was created in 1888. It is now on display in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow, Russia. Several paintings by Van Gogh rank among the most expensive paintings in the world.

On March 30, 1987 Van Gogh's painting Irises was sold for a record .9 million at Southeby's, New York. On May 15, 1990 his Portrait of Doctor Gachet was sold for .5 million at Christie's, thus establishing a new price record.

1．What's the right order of Van Gogh's life experience?

a．worked as a teacher

b．took up drawing

c．worked in an art firm

d．worked as a missionary worker

A．c, a, b, d B．c, a, d, b

C．b, c, a, d D．b, a, c, d

答案及解析：

1．B。細(xì)節(jié)題。由第三段可知B項(xiàng)正確敘述了梵高的人生經(jīng)歷。

2．Which words can best describe Van Gogh's later years?

A．Sad and boring.

B．Normal and peaceful.

C．Happy but fruitless.

D．Painful but productive.

答案解析:D。推斷題。根據(jù)文章可知，梵高晚年患有嚴(yán)重的精神疾病(serious mental illness)，而他的大部分著名作品創(chuàng)造于生命的最后兩年，由此可以判斷他的晚年是“痛苦而又多產(chǎn)的”。

3．Why did Van Gogh kill himself?

A．Because he was a failure as an artist.

B．Because he had an unhappy family.

C．Because he lost his beloved brother.

D．Because he was suffering from mental illness.

答案解析:D。細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段結(jié)尾告訴我們，梵高晚年患有嚴(yán)重的精神疾病，第dg 段開頭接著說(shuō)梵高自殺，由此可知D項(xiàng)正確。

4．What can we learn from the passage?

A．Van Gogh didn't become famous until he died.

B．Van Gogh drew and sold many paintings in his life.

C．Van Gogh achieved great success during his lifetime.

D．Van Gogh drew most of his paintings between 1888 and 1890.

4．答案解析:A。推斷題。結(jié)合最后一段開頭The only painting he sold during his lifetime...和第三段結(jié)尾It would not take long before his fame grew higher and higher.可以判斷梵高生前并不輝煌，只是死后才聲名大噪，故A項(xiàng)正確。

本文是一篇對(duì)比文，特點(diǎn)是平行論述，沒(méi)有主次之分，作者不發(fā)表態(tài)度和結(jié)論，一般兩種觀點(diǎn)的開頭可當(dāng)做文章主旨。

B

Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge(劇增)of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse(反面)of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi?paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision.

Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to putting off marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy comes to life, the number of marriages also rises.

The increase in divorce rates follows to the increase in women working outside the home. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause?and?effect conclusions. The impact of a wife's work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage.

But the reverse is equally plausible(似是而非的). Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. By raising a family's standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family's financial and emotional stability.

Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.

Also, a major part of women's inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.

5. The word “portend” (line 2, para.1) is closest in meaning to“______”．

A. defy B. signal

C. suffer from D. result from

答案解析:B。詞義題。根據(jù)句意不難理解portend是“預(yù)示”的意思。signal也有“顯示”的意思；defy不服從，反抗；suffer from忍受，遭受；result from由……產(chǎn)生。

6. It is said in the passage that when the economy slides ______.

A. men would choose working women as their marriage partners

B. more women would get married to seek financial security

C. even working women would worry about their marriages

D. more people would prefer to remain single for the time being

6.答案解析: D。細(xì)節(jié)題。題干的the economy slides等于原文的economic downturns。第一段提到經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷時(shí)期人們傾向推遲婚姻，因?yàn)殡p方不能承擔(dān)一個(gè)家庭或者擔(dān)心更窘迫的日子。D符合原文意思。

7. If women find fulfillment through work outside the home, ______.

A. they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners

B. their husbands are expected to do more housework

C. their marriage ties can be strengthened

D. they tend to put their career before marriage

答案解析： C。細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段最后一句可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

8. One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that ______.

A. they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom

B. they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands

C. they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations

D. they tend to suspect their husbands, loyalty to their marriage

8.答案解析： A。細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段第二句提到不能外出工作的婦女會(huì)感到被關(guān)在籠子里，相當(dāng)于“they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom”“她們感到被剝奪了自由。”

9. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author's view in the passage?

A. The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country.

B. Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage.

C. In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independent.

D. The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.

9. 答案解析：D。主旨題。用排除法解題。A因果顛倒，排除；B文章從未提及；C以偏蓋全；只有D，女性外出工作對(duì)婚姻的影響各不一樣，這準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)出文章的兩種平行的相反觀點(diǎn)。

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars教案

作為杰出的教學(xué)工作者，能夠保證教課的順利開展，高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是每個(gè)高中教師都不可缺少的。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠在課堂積極的參與互動(dòng)，減輕高中教師們?cè)诮虒W(xué)時(shí)的教學(xué)壓力。優(yōu)秀有創(chuàng)意的高中教案要怎樣寫呢？下面是小編精心為您整理的“Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars教案”，僅供參考，大家一起來(lái)看看吧。

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

單元要覽

類別

課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目

話題

Scienceofthestars;thedevelopmentoflife;spacetravelandgravity

詞匯]

astronomy

n.天文學(xué)

exist

vi.存在;生存

system

n.系統(tǒng);體系;制度

thus

adv.因此;于是

religion

n.宗教;宗教信仰

dioxide

n.二氧化物

theory

n.學(xué)說(shuō);理論

biology

n.生物學(xué)

atom

n.原子

biologist

n.生物學(xué)家

billion

pron.（美）十億

puzzle

n.迷;難題vt.（使）為難

globe

n.球體;地球儀;地球

gravity

n.萬(wàn)有引力;重力

violent

adj.猛烈的;激烈的;強(qiáng)暴的

float

vt.（使）漂浮n.漂浮物

carbon

n.碳

gentle

adj.溫和的;文雅的

atmosphere

n.大氣層;氣氛

physicist

n.物理學(xué)家

unlike

prep.不同;不像

climate

n.氣候

fundamental

adj.基本的;基礎(chǔ)的

crash

vt.墜落

harmful

adj.有害的

spaceship

n.宇宙飛船

acid

n.酸

pull

n.拖;牽引力

chain

n.鏈子;連鎖;鎖鏈

satellite

n.衛(wèi)星;人造衛(wèi)星

multiply

vt.增加

mass

n.質(zhì)量;團(tuán);塊;大量

oxygen

n.氧

exhaust

vt.用盡;耗盡

短語(yǔ)

solarsystem太陽(yáng)系

blockout擋?。ü饩€）

intime及時(shí);終于

cheerup感到高興;感到振奮

layeggs下蛋

nowthat既然

givebirthto產(chǎn)生;分娩

breakout突發(fā);爆發(fā)

inone’sturn輪到某人;接著

watchout密切注視;當(dāng)心;提防

carbondioxide二氧化碳

prevent...from阻止;制止

重要句型

1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8bill!--?xml:namespaceprefix=vns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"/--ionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.(betodo;what-clauseasthesubject)

2.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.(so...that;itis/wasnot+adj.+whether-clause)

3.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.(what-clauseasthesubject;that-clauseasthepredicative)

4.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.[itis/was(not)+adj.+that]

5.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.(whether-clauseasthesubject;dependon+whether-clauseastheobject)

功能

Instructions:

Pleasepayattentionto...Pleasecheckthat....Youneed...

Don’tforgetto...Makesurethat....Watchoutfor...

You’dbetter...Youmust/mustn’t...Pleaselookat...

語(yǔ)法

Nounclausesasthesubject

Whatitwastobecomewasuncertain...

...itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.

教學(xué)重點(diǎn)

1.Getstudentstolearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearthandmakingaspacetrip.

2.HavestudentslearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsandletthemlearneffectivewaystorememberEnglishvocabulary.

3.Enablestudentstousetheexpressionsofinstructionscorrectlyindailylife.

4.Letstudentslearnthenewgrammaritem:nounclausesasthesubject.

5.Developstudents’listening,speaking,readingandwritingabilities.

教學(xué)難點(diǎn)

1.Enablestudentstomastertheuseofnounclausesasthesubject.

2.Letstudentslearntowriteashortarticletoshowtheirproblemsandthewaystoovercomethem.

3.Developstudents’integrativeskills.

課時(shí)安排

Periodsneeded:7

Period1Warmingupandreading

Period2Learningaboutlanguage:Importantlanguagepoints

Period3Learningaboutlanguage:Grammar

Period4Usinglanguage:Listeningandspeaking

Period5Usinglanguage:Extensivereading

Period6Usinglanguage:Speakingandwriting

Period7Revision:Summingupandlearningtip

Period1Warmingupandreading

整體設(shè)計(jì)教材分析Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit.Atthebeginningoftheclass,theteachercanleadinthetopicoftheunitbyhavingafreetalkwithstudentsaboutsomefamousscientistsandwhattheyhavediscovered.ThenturntoWarmingUp.Itisintendedtohavestudentsthinkaboutandthendiscussthesetwogroupsofquestions:1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?Pre-readingistoremindstudentsthattheoriginoflifeontheearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomersandeachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganontheearth.Theteachershouldaskstudentswhattheyknowabouttheseandthenletthempredictwhatkindofinformationwillbeintroducedinthenextpart!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--Reading.ThereadingpassagetitledHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHprovidesstudentsabriefintroductiononhowtheuniversedevelopedandhowlifebeganontheearth.Itprovidesascientificbackgroundtoanyinvestigationintospaceanditisfactual.Studentsareencouragedtopreviewthetextandfindouttheusefulnewwords,expressionsandstructuresthemselves.Theyshouldtrytoworkoutthemeaningsofthenewwordsthroughthecontext.Thenifnecessary,theycanlookthemupinthedictionaryorturntotheteacherforhelp.Alsoencouragethemtolookatthepicturesandreadthetitletoguesswhatthetextmightbeabout.Thenletthemskimforthegeneralidea,andscanforfurtherunderstanding.Inordernottoletthemfeelmuchdifficult,theteachershoulddealwithanylanguageproblemswhiletheyarereading.Afterreading,studentsarerequiredtodothefiveexercisesintheComprehendingtoseehowmuchtheyhaveunderstoodthereadingpassage.Theteachercanfirstletthemworkinpairsoringroupstofindtheanswerscooperatively,andthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage,studentsshouldberequiredtoretellthepassage.Inordertoarousethestudents’interest,theteachercanholdacompetition.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.Letstudentsreadthepassageandlearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Getstudentstolearndifferentreadingskills,especiallythereadingabilityofunderstandingimpliedmeaningoftheauthor.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)1.Enablestudentstounderstandthepassageandknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Letstudentslearnhowtousedifferentreadingskillsfordifferentreadingpurposes.三維目標(biāo)知識(shí)目標(biāo)1.Getstudentstolearntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart:astronomy,system,religion,theory,atom,billion,globe,violent,carbon,atmosphere,unlike,fundamental,harmful,acid,chain,multiply,oxygen,exist,thus,dioxide,puzzle,solarsystem,intime,layeggs,givebirthto,inone’sturn,carbondioxide,prevent...from2.Letstudentslearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.能力目標(biāo)1.Developstudents’readingabilityandletthemlearndifferentreadingskills.2.Enablestudentstoknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.情感目標(biāo)1.Trainstudents’interestinscienceandstimulatetheirloveforastronomy.2.Developstudents’senseofcooperativelearning.

教學(xué)過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)方案（一）→Step1PresentationHaveafreetalkwithstudents.1.Letstudentsbrainstormthefollowingquestions:Whoareourancestors?Doyouknowwhatitwaslikebeforelifeappearedontheearth?Doyouknowhowlifebeganontheearth?Doyouwanttogetmoreinformation?2.Tellstudents:Todaywewilllearnsomethingabouthowlifebeganontheearth.TurntoPage25.Let’scometoWarmingUpfirst.→Step2WarmingupLetstudentsthinkaboutthefollowingquestionsandthendiscussthemwiththeirpartners.1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?VenusEarthMarsMercuryJupiterNeptuneSaturn2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?→Step3Pre-reading1.Getstudentstodiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.1)Theoriginoflifeonearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomers.Whatdoyouknowaboutit?2)Eachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganonearth.Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?2.Letthemtelltheirstories.Encouragethemtotelldifferentstories.Iftheydon’tknowany,tellthemsome,forexample,Panguseparatedtheskyfromtheearth,Panguturnedintoamyriadofthings,Nuwamademen,andsoon.3.Askthemtoreadthetitleandlookatthepictures.Predictwhatthereadingwillbeabout.→Step4Reading1.FastreadingGetstudentstoreadthepassagequicklyandthenwritedownthemainideaforeachparagraphandthewholepassageinthefollowingchart.

HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTH

Paragraph1

Paragraph2

Paragraph3

Paragraph4

Paragraph5

Thepassage

板書設(shè)計(jì)

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

Warmingupandreading

HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTH

Paragraph1

Paragraph2

Paragraph3

Paragraph4

Paragraph5

Thepassage

活動(dòng)與探究Supposeyouareanexpertwhostudiesastronomy.YouareinvitedtogiveaspeechtotheschoolstudentsaboutthedevelopmentoflifeonEarthDay(April22).ReadthepassageHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHagainandgotothelibraryorsurftheInternettofindmoreinformationandbereadytopresentyourspeechtotheclass.Youmaybeginlikethis:Goodmorning/afternoon.Iamgreatlyhonoredtobeheretogiveyouaspeechaboutthedevelopmentoflife.

Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars教案設(shè)計(jì)

Unit4Astronomy：Thescienceofthestars
1.spread
vt.散布;擴(kuò)大;延伸
Thebirdspreaditswings.那只鳥展開了翅膀。
Fliesspreaddisease.蒼蠅傳播疾病。
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
spreadsth.withsth.用……抹/涂/鋪……
spread...on...把……抹/涂/鋪在……
bespreadfor擺好（桌子）準(zhǔn)備
spreadoneself[口]舒展四肢(躺下)
spreadout張開，伸開，鋪開，展開，伸長(zhǎng)
高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
PapermakingbeganinChinaandtoEurope.
(2009?12?河南鄭州檢測(cè))
A.SpreadB.grew
C.CarriedD.developed
解析:選A。句意為：造紙術(shù)起源于中國(guó)，又傳播到了歐洲。spread傳播。
2.method
n.方法
Hehasintroducedanewmethodofteaching.
他引進(jìn)了一種新的教學(xué)方法。
Whatisthemosteffectivemethodofbirthcontrol?
控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？
聯(lián)想拓展
bythismeans=inthisway=withthismethod
用這種方法
易混辨析
method/means
method側(cè)重“理論方法”，指做某事的具體步驟或程序。
anewteachingmethod一種新的教學(xué)方法
means（單復(fù)數(shù)同形）側(cè)重“通過(guò)手段”或“利用工具”去達(dá)到某種目的。
高手過(guò)招
選詞填空(method/means)（原創(chuàng)）
①Thequickestoftravelisbyplane.
②Shehasaveryscientificofdealingwithpoliticalproblems.
答案：①means②method
3.harmful
adj.有害的
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
dosb.harm/doharmtosb.對(duì)某人有害
meannoharm無(wú)意傷害別人;沒(méi)有惡意
harmone’simage/reputation損害某人的形象/名聲
domoreharmthangood弊大于利
Thereisnoharmin(sb.?s)doingsth.
=Itdoesnoharm(forsb.)todosth.(某人)做某事無(wú)害處
beharmfulto對(duì)……有害
harmn.充滿了……
inmass全部,全體;整個(gè)地
inthemass總體上;總的說(shuō)來(lái)
the(great)massof大多數(shù),大部分
massesofsth.大量的東西
高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetookpicturesofthem.
(2009?12?安徽合肥檢測(cè))
A.manyofB.massesof
C.thenumberofD.alargeamountof
解析:選B。句意為：年輕的舞蹈家們穿著美麗的衣服看起來(lái)很迷人，因此我們給他們拍了許多照片。massesof=lotsof，后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
5.pull
v.拉，拖，拔；移動(dòng)
n.拉，拖；牽(引)力
YoupushandI?llpull.
你來(lái)推，我來(lái)拉。
Ifeltapullatmysleeveandturnedround.
我覺得有人扯我的袖子，便轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)。
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
pullahead(ofsb./sth.)領(lǐng)先于（某人/物）
pull(sb.)back（使某人）退卻；撤回（某人）
pulloff(sth.)（指機(jī)動(dòng)車輛）駛離（道路至路側(cè)停車處停下）pullout(sth.)拉掉；使分離；掏出；駛離（車站）
pullon穿，戴上（襪子、手套等）
pulltogether同心協(xié)力；通力合作
高手過(guò)招
用pull相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）
①Iarrivedasthelasttrainwas.
②Heagunandaimedatthecriminal.
③Solongaswe,there’snomountaintopwecan’tconquer.
答案：①pullingout②pulledout③pulltogether
6.cheer
vt.on③cheering
7.puzzle
vt.in②existon③existence
重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
9.intime意為“及時(shí)”時(shí)相當(dāng)于earlyenough,soonenough;意為“終于，早晚”時(shí)相當(dāng)于soonerorlater。
Wegottothestationjustintimetocatchthebus.
=Wegottothestationjustintimeforthebus.
我們到達(dá)車站時(shí)，剛好趕上了那班汽車。
Thedoctorcameintimetosaveherlife.
醫(yī)生及時(shí)趕來(lái)救了她的命。
You?llsucceedintimeifyoukeeponworkinghard.
假若堅(jiān)持努力下去，你遲早會(huì)成功的。
聯(lián)想拓展
beintimeforsth./beintimetodosth.
對(duì)于某事是及時(shí)的/及時(shí)做某事
aheadoftime提前；提早
allthetime一直；始終
atonetime曾經(jīng)；一度
atatime一次
attimes有時(shí)
atthesametime同時(shí)；然而；可是
fromtimetotime不時(shí)；偶爾
innotime立刻；馬上
takeone?stime不急，慢慢來(lái)
timeandtimeagain一次又一次；一再
高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
—IwasdisappointedintimewhenIdidn’tpasstheexaminations.
—Don’tbesodiscouraged.You’llbesuccessfulin
time.(2009?12?河南平頂山檢測(cè))
A./;/B.a;aC./;aD.a;/
解析:選D。句意為：——我沒(méi)通過(guò)考試那段時(shí)間我很失望?！?jiǎng)e灰心。你遲早會(huì)成功的。第一個(gè)空考查的是when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，表示在某段時(shí)間里，故應(yīng)用inatime。而第二個(gè)空表示“遲早”，故用intime。
10.prevent...from
阻止；制止
Theheavyrainpreventedusfromgoingthere.
這場(chǎng)大雨使我們沒(méi)能到那里去。
易混辨析
prevent/stop/keep/protect
prevent,stop,keep與protect四者的常見結(jié)構(gòu)為：
prevent...(from)doingsth.；stop...(from)doingsth.；keep...fromdoingsth.;均表示“阻止……做某事”。
上述三個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中stop與prevent后可省去from，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不可省略;而keep...from...中的from在任何情況下都不能省略。另外，
protect...from...表示“保護(hù)……不受……侵襲；阻擋；防御”。from后接能帶來(lái)傷害或損害的事物。
Thisplanwillbekeptfrombeingcarriedout.
這個(gè)計(jì)劃將被阻止實(shí)施。
高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
Somepolicemenshouldbesenttothemthetrees.
（原創(chuàng)）
A.prevent;tocutdownB.stop;cuttingdown
C.keep;tocutdownD.keep;cuttingdown
解析:選B。句意為：應(yīng)該派一些警察去阻止他們砍伐樹木。keep/prevent/stop...fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事,其中keep...fromdoingsth.中的from不可省略。故選B。
11.breakout
突發(fā)；爆發(fā)（無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
Troublemaybreakoutatanymoment.
災(zāi)難在任何時(shí)候都可能突然發(fā)生。
Whendidthewarbreakout?戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)什么時(shí)候爆發(fā)的？
Itwasatmidnightthatafirebrokeout.
在午夜時(shí)分發(fā)生了一起大火。
聯(lián)想拓展
breakawayfrom脫離（政黨等）；打破（陳規(guī)等）
breakdown出故障；（計(jì)劃等）失??；（身體、精神等）垮掉
breakin破門而入，闖入；打斷（話語(yǔ)）等
breakinto破門而入；突然……起來(lái)
breakoff折斷；突然中止；斷絕；結(jié)束
breakthrough突破
breakup敲碎；放假；散會(huì)
易混辨析
comeabout/happen/takeplace/breakout/occur
comeabout發(fā)生，相當(dāng)于happen,takeplace。后面不可以接賓語(yǔ)，也不可以使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
happen強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然發(fā)生。
takeplace指按計(jì)劃、安排發(fā)生；舉行
breakout多用于指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、疾病、疫情的突然爆發(fā)。
occur常用于句式：sth.occurstosb.某事發(fā)生在某人身上。
高手過(guò)招
用break相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）
①AterribletsunamiinthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.
②WhendoyouforChristmas?
③Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshave.
④Hishousewaslastweek.
答案：①brokeout②breakup③brokendown④brokeninto
12.blockout
擋?。ü饩€）
Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.那堵墻把光線都遮住了。
聯(lián)想拓展
burstout大聲喊叫;突然……起來(lái)
goout外出；過(guò)時(shí)；熄(燈)
putout關(guān)(燈)；撲滅；生產(chǎn)
comeout出現(xiàn)，顯露；出版;結(jié)果是
helpout幫助解決難題(或擺脫困境)
lookout留神；注意
watchout注意；提防；向外看
findout找出，查明，發(fā)現(xiàn)
pickout挑出;辨認(rèn)出，分辨出
speakout大聲地說(shuō);大膽地說(shuō)
thinkout仔細(xì)思考(某事)；想出（主意等）
hangout掛出;閑逛
knockout(拳)擊中，擊倒，打昏
sellout售完(某種貨物)，脫銷
turnout結(jié)果證明是
runout(of)用完，耗盡
checkout結(jié)賬離去，辦妥手續(xù)離去
giveout分發(fā)（試卷等）；發(fā)出（光、熱等）；用盡；耗完；筋疲力盡
高手過(guò)招
用out相關(guān)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）
①Attheendoftheracehislegsandhecollapsedontheground.
②It’seasytohiminacrowdbecauseheisverytall.
③Hisnewbookwillnextmonth.
④Wethoughtitwasgoingtorain;ittobeafineday.
⑤Weof/fromourhotelat5a.m.tocatcha7a.m.flight.
答案：①gaveout②pick;out③comeout④turnedout⑤checkedout
13.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
隨后它會(huì)變成什么沒(méi)人能知道，直到38~45億年前，這團(tuán)塵埃才慢慢地形成一個(gè)固體的球狀物。
Whatitwastobecome...是what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，what在從句中作become的賓語(yǔ)。
Whatsurprisedeverybodywasthathedidn’tcometothemeeting.
使大家驚奇的是他竟沒(méi)有參加會(huì)議。
Whathedidaddedtoourdifficulty.
他所做的增加了我們的困難。
“be+動(dòng)詞不定式”在本句中表示按照計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
Whenaretheytohandintheirplan?
他們的計(jì)劃什么時(shí)候交上來(lái)？
YouaretodoyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.
你得做完了作業(yè)才能看電視。
聯(lián)想拓展
“be+to”還可以表示以下含義：
表示可能性，相當(dāng)于can,主要用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句。表示命令，意為“必須，不得不”，意思等同于must,haveto，表示假設(shè)。表示“命運(yùn)注定……”，通常用于過(guò)去時(shí)。
HowamItoknowwhathasbecomeofhim?
我怎么知道他的遭遇如何呢？
CertainskillsmustbelearnedifoneistouseEnglishwell.
如果想要用好英語(yǔ)，某些技巧是必須學(xué)的。
Hewasnevertoseehiswifeagain.
他注定再也見不到他妻子了。
Werewetoofferyoumoremoney,wouldyoustay?
如果我們給你加錢，你愿意留下嗎？
高手過(guò)招
單項(xiàng)填空
Indryweathertheflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey.（原創(chuàng)）
A.havesurvivedB.aretosurvive
C.wouldsurviveD.willsurvive
解析:選B?？疾檎鎸?shí)條件句。aretosurvive在此處并不表示將來(lái)，而表示“期望”。
14.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.
而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步的時(shí)候，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。
twiceas...as...是……的兩倍
聯(lián)想拓展
英語(yǔ)中的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：
倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as是……的幾倍
倍數(shù)+adj./adv.的比較級(jí)+than比……(多/大)幾倍
倍數(shù)+the+表示長(zhǎng)度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of是……長(zhǎng)度/高度/寬度的幾倍，此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,width,depth等。
Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.
=Thisruleristwicelongerthanthatone.
=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.
這把尺子是那把的三倍長(zhǎng)。
Therearefourtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.
到的學(xué)生是我們預(yù)計(jì)的五倍。
高手過(guò)招
(1)翻譯句子（原創(chuàng)）
這個(gè)房子是那個(gè)的三倍大。
(2)完成句子
到的客人是我們預(yù)計(jì)的兩倍。
Thereareweexpected.
答案：(1)Thishouseisthreetimesasbigasthatone./Thishouseistwicebiggerthanthatone./Thishouseisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.
(2)twiceasmanyguestsas

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars教案2

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

單元要覽類別課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目話題Scienceofthestars;thedevelopmentoflife;spacetravelandgravity詞匯astronomyn.天文學(xué)existvi.存在;生存systemn.系統(tǒng);體系;制度thusadv.因此;于是religionn.宗教;宗教信仰dioxiden.二氧化物theoryn.學(xué)說(shuō);理論biologyn.生物學(xué)atomn.原子biologistn.生物學(xué)家billionpron.（美）十億puzzlen.迷;難題vt.（使）為難globen.球體;地球儀;地球gravityn.萬(wàn)有引力;重力violentadj.猛烈的;激烈的;強(qiáng)暴的floatvt.（使）漂浮n.漂浮物carbonn.碳gentleadj.溫和的;文雅的atmospheren.大氣層;氣氛physicistn.物理學(xué)家unlikeprep.不同;不像climaten.氣候fundamentaladj.基本的;基礎(chǔ)的crashvt.墜落harmfuladj.有害的spaceshipn.宇宙飛船acidn.酸pulln.拖;牽引力chainn.鏈子;連鎖;鎖鏈satelliten.衛(wèi)星;人造衛(wèi)星multiplyvt.增加massn.質(zhì)量;團(tuán);塊;大量oxygenn.氧exhaustvt.用盡;耗盡短語(yǔ)solarsystem太陽(yáng)系blockout擋?。ü饩€）intime及時(shí);終于cheerup感到高興;感到振奮layeggs下蛋nowthat既然givebirthto產(chǎn)生;分娩breakout突發(fā);爆發(fā)inone’sturn輪到某人;接著watchout密切注視;當(dāng)心;提防carbondioxide二氧化碳prevent...from阻止;制止重要句型1.Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.(betodo;what-clauseasthesubject)2.Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.(so...that;itis/wasnot+adj.+whether-clause)3.Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.(what-clauseasthesubject;that-clauseasthepredicative)4.Itwasnotimmediatelyobviousthatwaterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife.[itis/was(not)+adj.+that]5.Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.(whether-clauseasthesubject;dependon+whether-clauseastheobject)功能Instructions:Pleasepayattentionto...Pleasecheckthat....Youneed...Don’tforgetto...Makesurethat....Watchoutfor...You’dbetter...Youmust/mustn’t...Pleaselookat...語(yǔ)法NounclausesasthesubjectWhatitwastobecomewasuncertain......itwasnotclearwhetherthesolidshapewastolastornot.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.Getstudentstolearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearthandmakingaspacetrip.2.HavestudentslearnsomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsandletthemlearneffectivewaystorememberEnglishvocabulary.3.Enablestudentstousetheexpressionsofinstructionscorrectlyindailylife.4.Letstudentslearnthenewgrammaritem:nounclausesasthesubject.5.Developstudents’listening,speaking,readingandwritingabilities.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)1.Enablestudentstomastertheuseofnounclausesasthesubject.2.Letstudentslearntowriteashortarticletoshowtheirproblemsandthewaystoovercomethem.3.Developstudents’integrativeskills.課時(shí)安排Periodsneeded:7Period1WarmingupandreadingPeriod2Learningaboutlanguage:ImportantlanguagepointsPeriod3Learningaboutlanguage:GrammarPeriod4Usinglanguage:ListeningandspeakingPeriod5Usinglanguage:ExtensivereadingPeriod6Usinglanguage:SpeakingandwritingPeriod7Revision:Summingupandlearningtip

Period1Warmingupandreading

整體設(shè)計(jì)教材分析Thisisthefirstteachingperiodofthisunit.Atthebeginningoftheclass,theteachercanleadinthetopicoftheunitbyhavingafreetalkwithstudentsaboutsomefamousscientistsandwhattheyhavediscovered.ThenturntoWarmingUp.Itisintendedtohavestudentsthinkaboutandthendiscussthesetwogroupsofquestions:1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?Pre-readingistoremindstudentsthattheoriginoflifeontheearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomersandeachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganontheearth.Theteachershouldaskstudentswhattheyknowabouttheseandthenletthempredictwhatkindofinformationwillbeintroducedinthenextpart!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--Reading.ThereadingpassagetitledHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHprovidesstudentsabriefintroductiononhowtheuniversedevelopedandhowlifebeganontheearth.Itprovidesascientificbackgroundtoanyinvestigationintospaceanditisfactual.Studentsareencouragedtopreviewthetextandfindouttheusefulnewwords,expressionsandstructuresthemselves.Theyshouldtrytoworkoutthemeaningsofthenewwordsthroughthecontext.Thenifnecessary,theycanlookthemupinthedictionaryorturntotheteacherforhelp.Alsoencouragethemtolookatthepicturesandreadthetitletoguesswhatthetextmightbeabout.Thenletthemskimforthegeneralidea,andscanforfurtherunderstanding.Inordernottoletthemfeelmuchdifficult,theteachershoulddealwithanylanguageproblemswhiletheyarereading.Afterreading,studentsarerequiredtodothefiveexercisesintheComprehendingtoseehowmuchtheyhaveunderstoodthereadingpassage.Theteachercanfirstletthemworkinpairsoringroupstofindtheanswerscooperatively,andthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.Toconsolidatethecontentsofthereadingpassage,studentsshouldberequiredtoretellthepassage.Inordertoarousethestudents’interest,theteachercanholdacompetition.教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.Letstudentsreadthepassageandlearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Getstudentstolearndifferentreadingskills,especiallythereadingabilityofunderstandingimpliedmeaningoftheauthor.教學(xué)難點(diǎn)1.Enablestudentstounderstandthepassageandknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.2.Letstudentslearnhowtousedifferentreadingskillsfordifferentreadingpurposes.三維目標(biāo)知識(shí)目標(biāo)1.Getstudentstolearntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispart:astronomy,system,religion,theory,atom,billion,globe,violent,carbon,atmosphere,unlike,fundamental,harmful,acid,chain,multiply,oxygen,exist,thus,dioxide,puzzle,solarsystem,intime,layeggs,givebirthto,inone’sturn,carbondioxide,prevent...from2.Letstudentslearnaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.能力目標(biāo)1.Developstudents’readingabilityandletthemlearndifferentreadingskills.2.Enablestudentstoknowaboutthedevelopmentoftheearth.情感目標(biāo)1.Trainstudents’interestinscienceandstimulatetheirloveforastronomy.2.Developstudents’senseofcooperativelearning.

教學(xué)過(guò)程設(shè)計(jì)方案（一）→Step1PresentationHaveafreetalkwithstudents.1.Letstudentsbrainstormthefollowingquestions:Whoareourancestors?Doyouknowwhatitwaslikebeforelifeappearedontheearth?Doyouknowhowlifebeganontheearth?Doyouwanttogetmoreinformation?2.Tellstudents:Todaywewilllearnsomethingabouthowlifebeganontheearth.TurntoPage25.Let’scometoWarmingUpfirst.→Step2WarmingupLetstudentsthinkaboutthefollowingquestionsandthendiscussthemwiththeirpartners.1.Inoursolarsystemeightplanetscirclearoundthesun.Whatarethey?Canyoumatchthenameswiththeplanets?!--?xml:namespaceprefix=vns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"/--VenusEarthMarsMercuryJupiterNeptuneSaturn2.Whatinterestsyouinastronomy?Doyouknowanyquestionsthatastronomersareinterestedin?→Step3Pre-reading1.Getstudentstodiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.1)Theoriginoflifeonearthisaquestionthatinterestsastronomers.Whatdoyouknowaboutit?2)Eachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouthowlifebeganonearth.Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?2.Letthemtelltheirstories.Encouragethemtotelldifferentstories.Iftheydon’tknowany,tellthemsome,forexample,Panguseparatedtheskyfromtheearth,Panguturnedintoamyriadofthings,Nuwamademen,andsoon.3.Askthemtoreadthetitleandlookatthepictures.Predictwhatthereadingwillbeabout.→Step4Reading1.FastreadingGetstudentstoreadthepassagequicklyandthenwritedownthemainideaforeachparagraphandthewholepassageinthefollowingchart.HOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHParagraph1Paragraph2Paragraph3Paragraph4Paragraph5ThepassageLetstudentslookthroughthechartandthenreadthetextsilently.Threeminuteslater,checktheanswerswiththewholeclass.2.IntensivereadingAllowstudentstoreadthepassagecarefullythistimetogettheimportantdetails,andthenfinishthefollowing:1)Puttheorderofdevelopmentoflifeintoatimeline.(1)Insectsandamphibiansappeared.(2)Dinosaursappeared.(3)Theearthbecameasolidball.(4)Smallplantsgrowonthewater.(5)Reptilesappeared.(6)Plantsbegintogrowondryland.(7)Theearthwasacloudofdust.(8)Waterappearedontheearth.(9)Shellfishandotherfishappeared.(10)Theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”.(11)Cleveranimalswithhandsandfeetappeared.(12)Mammalsappeared.2)Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionaccordingtothetext.(1)Whatisimportantforthebeginningoflife?A.Thewaterontheearth.B.Theearth’satmosphere.C.Theformofforests.D.Dissolvingharmfulgases.(2)Whichofthefollowingappearedontheearthfirst?A.Insects.B.Reptiles.C.Amphibians.D.Shellfishandfish.(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.WaterstillexistsonMars.B.Theearth’satmosphereismadeupofoxygenandnitrogen.C.Theearthhaddissolvedtheharmfulatmosphereintotheoceansandseas.D.Plantsprovideoxygentotheearth.(4)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theappearanceanddevelopmentoflifeontheearth.B.Thebirthoftheearth.C.Whydinosaursdiedout.D.Thefactthathumanbeingscausedglobalwarming.Suggestedanswers:(1)A(2)D(3)D(4)A3.ReadinganddiscussionReadthetextathirdtimeandthenworkinpairstodiscussthefollowingquestions.1)Whywastheearthdifferentfromtheotherplanets?2)Whydidtheplantsgrowbeforetheanimalscame?3)Whyisitwrongtoshowfilmswithdinosaursandpeopletogether?4)Thereusedtobenineplanetsinthesolarsystem.Recentlyscientistshavedecidedthatoneofthemcannolongerbeconsideredaplanet.Doyouknowthenameofthatplanet?Doyouknowwhytheyremovedit?5)Whatproblemiscausedbyhumanbeings?(Letstudentshaveenoughtimetoreadthepassagecarefullyanddiscussthequestionswiththeirpartners.Encouragethemtoexpresstheirownideas.)4.ExplanationHelpstudentsanalyzesomedifficult,longandcomplexsentencesandguessthemeaningofsomenewwords.Encouragethemtotrytodealwiththelanguagepointsinthecontext.Discussthefollowingimportantsentencesandphrasesinthepassage.1)Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.2)Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.3)Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervaporandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.4)Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.Suggestedexplanations:1)Whatleadsanounclauseasthesubjectandwhenleadsanattributiveclause.2)Here“whethertheshapewouldlastornot”isanounclauseasthesubject.3)Here“whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere”isanon-restrictiveattributiveclause.intime:1)soonerorlater;eventually2)intime(forsth./todosth.):notlateIwillseehimintime.Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.4)Inthissentence,therearetwoclausesledbywhether.Thefirstoneisanounclauseasthesubjectandthesecondastheobject.tocome:servesasattributiveSheisthelastpersontodosuchathing.dependon:somethingmightonlyhappenorbetrueifthecircumstancesarerightforitOursuccessdependsonwhethereveryoneworkshardornot.5.ReadingaloudandunderliningAskstudentstoreadthepassagealoudtothetapeandletthempayattentiontothepronunciationofeachnewwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Tellthemtopickoutalltheusefulexpressionsorcollocationsfromthepassagewhilereadingandcopythemtothenotebooksafterclassashomework.Collocations:ontheearth,accordingto,acloudofdust,so...that,whether...ornot,intime,watervapor,cooldown,onone’ssurface,allow...todo...,achainreaction,millionsof,onthesurfaceof,beableto,aswellas,bydoing....,layeggs,bedifferentfrom,givebirthto,spreadallovertheearth,inone’sturn,prevent...from,asaresultof,too...to...,dependon→Step5DiscussionAfterreadingthepassage,letstudentsdiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Whydoyouthinkthathumansarethecleverestanimalsontheearth?2.Doyoubelievethatthereislifeonotherplanets?Whyorwhynot?3.Doyouthinkitispossiblethatonedaypeoplewillmovetheirhousestootherplanets?→Step6ConsolidationAskstudentstoretellthepassagewiththehelpofthefollowing.acloudofdust→asolidball→presenceofwater→smallplantsgrowonthewater→shellfishandotherfishappear→plantsbegintogrowondryland→insectsandamphibiansappear→retilesappear→dinosaursappear→mammalsappear→Step7Homework1.Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.2.Readthereadingpassageagainandtrytotalkabouthowlifebeganontheearthinyourownwords.設(shè)計(jì)方案（二）→Step1LeadinginthetopicShowstudentsapictureaboutsolarsystem.Letthemmatchthenameswiththeplanets.→Step2WarmingupEachreligionandculturehasitsownideasabouttheoriginoflifeontheearth.Letstudentstelldifferentstoriesthattheyknow.→Step3Predictingbylookinganddiscussing1.Lookatthepicturesandtitleofthereadingpassageanddiscussinpairswhatthepassagemightbeabout.2.Twoorthreestudentswillgivetheiropinions.3.Letthemreadthepassagequicklytoseeiftheyareright.→Step4Reading1.Givestudents3minutes,andaskthemtoskimthepassagetogetthegeneralideaforeachparagraphandthepassage.2.Givestudents5minutestoreadthepassagecarefully,andthenanswerthefollowingquestions.1)Whatwasthereontheearthbeforelifebegan?2)Whydoscientiststhinktherehasneverbeenlifeonthemoon?3)Whydidanimalsfirstappearinthesea?4)Whydogreenplantshelplifetodevelop?5)Whyweremammalsdifferentfromotheranimals?3.Givestudents4minutestoreadthepassageathirdtime.Encouragethemtotrytodealwiththelanguagepointsinthecontext.Givethemsomeexplanationsifnecessary.4.ListeningandreadingaloudLetstudentslistentothetape.Remindthemtopayattentiontothepronunciationofeachnewwordandthepauseswithineachsentence.Thenaskthemtoreadthetextaloudtothetape.→Step5ExtensionLetstudentsthinkaboutanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.Doyoubelievethatthereislifeonotherplanets?Whyorwhynot?2.Doyouthinkitispossiblethatonedaypeoplewillmovetheirhousestootherplanets?→Step6Closingdown1.Havestudentsgetpreparedin3minutesorsoandthenaskthemtoretellhowlifebeganontheearth.2.Askasmanystudentsaspossibletohaveatryinfrontoftheclass.→Step8Homework1.Gooverthetextandtrytolearnalltheusefulwordsandexpressionsinthispartbyheart.2.FinishtheexercisesinComprehendingonPage27.

板書設(shè)計(jì)

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars

Warmingupandreading

活動(dòng)與探究Supposeyouareanexpertwhostudiesastronomy.YouareinvitedtogiveaspeechtotheschoolstudentsaboutthedevelopmentoflifeonEarthDay(April22).ReadthepassageHOWLIFEBEGANONTHEEARTHagainandgotothelibraryorsurftheInternettofindmoreinformationandbereadytopresentyourspeechtotheclass.Youmaybeginlikethis:Goodmorning/afternoon.Iamgreatlyhonoredtobeheretogiveyouaspeechaboutthedevelopmentoflife....