小學(xué)語文微課教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2021-04-29Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!學(xué)案。
Unit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!學(xué)案教材分析:從語言上看,這一部分呈現(xiàn)了Christmas及相關(guān)的專屬文化詞匯,并進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化對重點(diǎn)句型結(jié)構(gòu)的學(xué)習(xí)。在技能方面,則通過閱讀培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合語言技能;在策略上,側(cè)重訓(xùn)練學(xué)生對閱讀的深層理解,即除了理解語言的表層含義外,還應(yīng)當(dāng)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的推斷能力,讀懂作者在字里行間所表達(dá)的深層含義。從文化意識(shí)和情感價(jià)值觀的角度來看,該部分的閱讀語篇通過探討圣誕節(jié)的含義,講述吝嗇鬼Scrooge的轉(zhuǎn)變,目的在于向?qū)W生傳達(dá)以下信息:關(guān)愛、同情及憐憫之心是人類社會(huì)的寶貴財(cái)富。人人應(yīng)將之繼承及弘揚(yáng),以愛心回報(bào)社會(huì)。
教學(xué)步驟:
Step1Warmingup
1.Studentslistentoasong《Jinglebells》,Thenaskstudents"Whatdoesthesongremindyouof?"
leadinto"Christmas".Ask"HowmuchdoyouknowaboutChristmas?"
2.ShowaMind-mapandgetthestudentstodiscussthefollowingquestions
(1)WhatsthedateofChristmas?(2)Whatactivitiesdopeoplehaveonthisfestival?
(3)WhatarethesymbolsofChristmas?(4)WhatstoriesdoknowaboutChristmas?
3.CanyoufindastoryaboutChristmasinthepassage?Whatisit?
Step2Reading
Task1Infer
1.Accordingtothetitle"ThespiritofChristmas"infer"Whatdoesthepassagetalkabout?"
2.Accordingtothepictureinfer"HowdoesittellusthespiritofChristmas?"
Task2Readparagraph1.Answerthefollowingquestions
1.WhatarethecommonthingsthatpeoplethinkofforChristmas?
2.Whatsthetopicsentenceofthisparagraph?
(Studentstranslatethequestions,readandtranslatethetopicsentence)
Task3Readparagraph2.
1.Findoutsomethingaboutthe"example"
Name______Kind_____Writer______Characters________
2.WhatstherelationshipbetweenScroogeandMarley?
3.WhatdoesMarleywarnScroogetodo?
4.WhatdidScroogeusetobelike?
neverlaughsorsmiles----serious;onlythinksabouthimself---Selfish;Hedoesnttreatothersnicely---unfriendly;hatesChristmas----mean
Task4Readparagraph4
Answer"WhatisScroogelikeatpresent?"
HecelebratesChristmaswithhisrelatives----friendly;Healsogivesgiftstopeopleinneed---generous;treatseveryonewithkindnessandwarmth,spreadingloveandjoyeverywherehegoes----kindhearted
(HowdoesScroogechange?)
Task5ReadParagraph3andcompletthechartin2c
Task6Discuss
WhatsthetruemeaningorspiritofChristmas?
Step3Summary
Newwords,phrasesandimportantsentences.
Step4Practice
Dosomeexercises
Step5Homework
教學(xué)反思
本課的教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)新穎,思路清晰,大膽對教材進(jìn)行了整合,體現(xiàn)了“用教材教”的新理念。在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀策略方面做得很到位,尤其在完成WhatdidScroogeusetobelike?和WhatisScroogelikeatpresent兩個(gè)任務(wù)時(shí),進(jìn)行了同義替換,讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)理解字面背后的深層含義,這是本節(jié)課的一大亮點(diǎn)。
相關(guān)知識(shí)
九年級(jí)英語全冊Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!教案(共5套人教新目標(biāo)版)
老師會(huì)對課本中的主要教學(xué)內(nèi)容整理到教案課件中,是認(rèn)真規(guī)劃好自己教案課件的時(shí)候了。只有規(guī)劃好了教案課件新的工作計(jì)劃,我們的工作會(huì)變得更加順利!那么到底適合教案課件的范文有哪些?下面的內(nèi)容是小編為大家整理的九年級(jí)英語全冊Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!教案(共5套人教新目標(biāo)版),僅供參考,希望能為您提供參考!
Unit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!
SectionA1a—2d
知識(shí)目標(biāo):能夠識(shí)記單詞:mooncake,lantern,stranger,relative,pound;正確使用短語:alittle,puton,
Intwoweeks,besimilarto,visitone’srelatives;注意幾個(gè)節(jié)日的表達(dá):theWaterFestival,
TheDragonBoatFestival,theSpringFestival,theLanternFestival;掌握句型IknowthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.Iwonderifthey’llhavetheracesagainnextyear.IwonderwhetherJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.等賓語從句的表達(dá)及感嘆句Whatagreatday!Howprettythedragonboatswere!的用法。
能力目標(biāo):能聽懂有關(guān)描述節(jié)日活動(dòng)的對話,并學(xué)會(huì)用所學(xué)內(nèi)容談?wù)摴?jié)日活動(dòng)。
情感目標(biāo):培養(yǎng)學(xué)生積極參與活動(dòng)的興趣,發(fā)揚(yáng)我國的光榮傳統(tǒng)。
學(xué)習(xí)策略:綜合培養(yǎng)學(xué)生與別人交流和溝通的能力。
文化意識(shí):了解中西方的重要節(jié)日及風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,尊重各地的文化差異。
【Keylikedoingsth./liketodosth.Icanswim.
Canyouswim?Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.
Whatclubdoyouwanttojoin?Iwanttojointhe…club.
1.調(diào)查家人能演奏什么樂器,能加入什么俱樂部?用英語來描述。
2.會(huì)讀會(huì)寫單詞及短語singswimdancedrawjointellguitarchessclubswimmingclubEnglishclubartclubmusicclubchessclub.
V.BlackboardDesign
Unit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!
Wordsandexpressions:FestivalsGrammar:
mooncaketheWaterFestival
strangetheDragonBoatFestival
lanterntheSpringFestival
relativetheLanternFestival
pound
puton
besimilarto
VI.Post-class
(1)會(huì)讀會(huì)寫所學(xué)單詞及短語。
(2)理解所學(xué)語法并會(huì)使用。
(3)能夠描述已經(jīng)了解的節(jié)日。
VII.收獲與反思:
初三英語Unit 2 What should I do? 導(dǎo)學(xué)案
教案課件是每個(gè)老師工作中上課需要準(zhǔn)備的東西,大家在認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備自己的教案課件了吧。我們制定教案課件工作計(jì)劃,可以更好完成工作任務(wù)!你們清楚教案課件的范文有哪些呢?小編特地為您收集整理“初三英語Unit 2 What should I do? 導(dǎo)學(xué)案”,歡迎您閱讀和收藏,并分享給身邊的朋友!
初三英語Unit2WhatshouldIdo?導(dǎo)學(xué)案SectionA
一、Teactherswords:
Athousand-lijourneyisstartedbytakingthefirststep.千里之行,始于足下.
二、learningaims
1.keywords:
playloudarguewrongstylecouldshouldticketsurpriseeither
2.keyphrases:
keepout,arguewith,outofstyle,callsb.up,aticketto,onthephone,
payfor,part-timejob
3.Keysentences:
1)Whatswrong?WhatshouldIdo?
2)Hedoesnthaveanymoney,either.
3)Whatshouldtheydo?Theyshouldtalkabouttheirproblems.
4.Moralaims:增進(jìn)同學(xué)之間的友誼,互敬互愛,懂得關(guān)心他人是一種美德
三.學(xué)習(xí)過程
Step1.基礎(chǔ)回顧
單詞大比拼,看誰能用最快的速度記住下列單詞。
不讓----進(jìn)入keepout使驚奇;使意外surprise
票;入場券ticket爭論,爭吵argue
不時(shí)髦的;過時(shí)的outofstyle用電話交談;在通話onthephone
錯(cuò)誤的;有毛病的wrong付---帳付買---的錢payfor
兼職工作part-timejob青少年論壇TeenTalk
Step2.自主學(xué)習(xí)合作探究learningcourseaboutwords
1.keepout=不讓進(jìn)入
eg.別讓那只狗進(jìn)入我的房間
2.playv.播放,玩-n.播放器/運(yùn)動(dòng)員
eg,播放CD播放器
3.loudadj./adv吵得,聲音大的.播放CD聲音大
4.argue:與某人辯論某事
與某人談?wù)撃呈?br> eg.Idontwant我不想再那件事上與你爭吵
5.wrongadj.錯(cuò)誤的,有毛病的,eg.你怎么了?
Whats///withyou?
6.stylen.風(fēng)格eg.流行:=
過時(shí):=
7.①打電話的8種表達(dá)方法:callsb.up.=callsb.=
=makesb.acall==givesb.aring=telephonesb.=phonesb.
②請給我回電話.
8.ticket復(fù)數(shù)tickets常與介詞連用
eg.給我一張球賽票Pleasegiveme
9.surprise
①v.驚訝給某人驚訝,surprisesb.=
②v-adj.通常修飾人,或是人做主語,
通常修飾物,或是物作主語.
③v-n.surprise.令某人驚訝的是,
eg.Ithisnews.我對這個(gè)消息感到驚訝。
Thisisaresult.這是一個(gè)令人驚訝的結(jié)果。
10.talkonthephone用電話交談,on是介詞,有的意思
eg.通過無線電,通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)通過電視
此外on作為介詞有進(jìn)行的意思:
eg.在執(zhí)勤,干值日在度假從事
11.pay過去式可以與spend/cost替換
eg.Ipaidsomemoneythesebooks.我花錢買了一些書
=Isomemoneythesebooks.
=Thesebooksmesomemoney.
12.①findapart-timejob找一份兼職工作,反全職的.
②okey=,區(qū)分:Thatsright:Thatsall:
Itsright:Thatsallright:=Itdoesntmatter。
13..either:adj:任一的
①IlikeEnglish,too(變否定句):
②ofthemisok:他們中任意一個(gè)都很好。
ofthemisok:他們兩個(gè)都不好。
ofthemareok。兩個(gè)都很好。
ofthemlikeEnglish。他們所有都喜歡英語。
Step3.Grammer:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could和should的用法
1.Should表示勸告、建議、命令,譯為應(yīng)該
2.could是can的過去式,用在委婉語氣中,譯為,可以,可能
eg:Yougotoclassrightaway.你該馬上去上課。
Youcallhimup.你可以給他打電話。
Step4.FreetalkLookattheseproblems.Aretheyseriousornot?Writethemintheappropriatebox.
Serious
Notserious
五、
(一)單項(xiàng)選擇
()1.----Iarguedwithmybestfriend.
A.Howareyou?B.Whatswrong?C.CanIhelpyou?D.Goodmorning!
()2.youcouldgetapart-timejob.
A.thoughB.MaybeC.MaybeD.But
()3.--Ithinkyoushouldgotobedearlyeveryday.--
A.Thankyouforhelpingme.B.Ofcourse.
C.Itdoesntmatter.D.Thatsagoodidea.
()4.--Letstalktheweather.--OK.
A.toB.withC.aboutD.on
()5.Ithinkyoushouldntargueher,maybeyoushouldbuysomeflowersher.
A.with,forB.to,withC.for,withD.with,from
1.getatutor
2.
3.
4.
5.
(二)自我檢測根據(jù)上句完成下句,且使上下兩句意思相符,每空一詞。
1.WhatswrongwithJim?Whats__________________withJim?
2.Hehadagoodrestafterhehadlunch.
He__________________agoodrest_________hehadlunch.
3.Pleasetelluswhatweshoulddonexttime.
Pleasetellus___________________________nexttime.
4.YoumustspeakEnglishasmuchasyoucan.
YoumustspeakEnglish____________________________________.
六、課后反思:
我的收獲:_______________________________________________________
我的不足:_______________________________________________________
我努力的方向是_____________________________________
SectionB
一、Teactherswords:
Knowledgeispower.(知識(shí)就是力量)
二、learningaims
1.keywords:
baketuteroriginalhaircutexceptupsetfailuntilfitpressurecomplainincludepushysendcomparecrazyadultorganizedfreedom
2.keyphrases:
haveabakesale,thesameas,instyle,geton,asaspossible,allkindsof,compareto/with,ontheotherhand,orginazedactivities
3.Keysentences:
1)Everyoneelseinmyclasswasinvitedexceptme.
2)Youleftyourhomeworkathome.
3)Mycousinisthesameageasme.
4)Theymightfinditdifficulttoplanthingsforthemselves.
5)Theytrytofitasmuchaspossibleintotheirkidslives.
6)Pushyparentsarenothingnew,butnowparentsseemtopushtheirchildrenalotmore.
三、學(xué)習(xí)過程
Step1.預(yù)習(xí)及檢測
英漢互譯
①盡可能_____②Fitinto___
③Geton___④在一方面,在另一方面_____
⑤Beangrywith____⑥從借來___
⑦Haveafightwith____
Step2.合作交流learningcourseaboutwords
1.賣燒烤請家教:一個(gè)新穎的課題:
2.haircutv.理發(fā):haveahaircut=
3.except除了,介詞
eg.EverybodygoestotheplaygroundMary(除了,不包括在內(nèi),減去)Everybodygoestothelibraryme.(除了包括在內(nèi),加上)
4.failv.失敗n.失敗。反義詞v.n.成功:
Eg.她考試失敗了
5.與某人相處的好eg.我們應(yīng)該與同學(xué)和睦相處
Weshould
6.fitv.①適合,適應(yīng)Icantfindtheclothes我找不到適合我的衣服.
②fitsb/sthintosth:
Eg:Illtryandfityouinafterlunch.
Parentsalwaystrytoasmuchaspossiblekidslives。
父母總是盡量在孩子生活里安排盡可能多的內(nèi)容。
③fit比較級(jí)-最高級(jí)作adj.:健康的,
保持健康:keepfit=/befitforsb:
eg.Thisplace。這個(gè)地方不適合你住。
7.complain:.向某人埋怨某事
eg.Imgoingtocomplaintotheheadmasteraboutthis.我要向校長訴說這件事。
8.include:
①v.包括.包括做什么
eg.Yourdutiesinclude
你的職責(zé)包括打印信件和接電話
②介詞:包括.在內(nèi)
eg.IgotthreedaysholidayWomensDay.
我得到了三天的假期包括婦女節(jié)。
9.sendsb.sth=.過去式
eg.Isentyouapostcard=I.我寄給你一張明信片
10.allkindsof=各種各樣的,后面通常加
eg.Therearemanyanimalsinthezoo.
在動(dòng)物園里有各種各樣的動(dòng)物。
11.①compareAB把A與B
eg.Manyparentsalways
很多家長總是把自己的孩子與他人的比較。
②compareAB,把AB
eg.Peopleusually人們通常把老師比作蠟燭。
12.crazy-比較級(jí)-最高級(jí)crazy--
較瘋狂的,最瘋狂的
對..很熱衷eg.Heis他對足球很熱衷。
13.一方面,,另一方面,
one..theother著重指兩者中,意思是,
eg.Ihavetwopens,我有兩支筆,一只紅另一只藍(lán)
14.freedomn.自由havefreedomtodosth.有干.權(quán)力的自由
eg,Youhavefreedom.
你現(xiàn)在又想干什么就干什么的自由.
Step3.重點(diǎn)句子解析:
1.Everyoneelsewasinvitedexpectme.其他的每個(gè)人都被邀請了除了我。
①else放特殊在疑問詞和不定代詞/副詞之后,表示其他的.
Eg:Anythingelse?還要?jiǎng)e的嗎?
Whatelsedoyouwanttobuy?你還想要買別的嗎?
②wasinvited是一種被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法,意思是被邀請,結(jié)構(gòu)be+done,
Eg:Theflowersarewateredbyus.花已經(jīng)澆水了。
2.Imupsetanddontknowwhattodo.我很傷心不知道該怎樣去做。
①此句為簡單句,whattodo=howtodoit.
②可以替換為賓語從句,(注意從句是陳述語序)
ImupsetandIdontknowwhatIshoulddo.
=ImupsetandIdontknowhowIshoulddoit.
3.Shealsosaysthatthesechildrenmayfindithardtothinkforthemselveswhentheyareolder.她也說這些孩子也許發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)他們長大時(shí)為他們自己考慮很難。
①此句為賓語從句,主句為:Shealsosays:連接詞為that,可以省略
②句是一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,時(shí)態(tài)是主現(xiàn)從現(xiàn),
③fndit+adj.todosth.發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎樣find+賓格+賓補(bǔ),其中it是形式賓語,真正的賓語是todosth.eg:孩子們都認(rèn)為上網(wǎng)是一件有趣的事
ThechildrenallthinkitinterestingtosurftheInternet.
(thinkit+adjtodosth.)
該句子還可替換成find+賓語從句,
Eg:Shefounditboringtodotoomuchhousework.
=Shefounditwasboringtodotoomuchhousework.
(Its+adjforsb.todosth.對于某人而言做某事怎樣.)
④可以用該句型的其他動(dòng)詞還有make/think/feel/let/it+adjtodosth.
(使得/認(rèn)為/感覺/做某事怎樣)
eg:ThatmakesitmoreinterestingtolearnEnglishwell.
那樣使得學(xué)好英語更感興趣。
Step4.拓展創(chuàng)新
Writeyourownlettertoanadvicecolumn.Yourproblemcanberealorimaginary.Readyourlettertotheclassandaskforadvice.
四、
(一)單項(xiàng)選擇
()1.Myparentswantme_____athomeeverynight
A.stayB.stayingC.tostayD.staies
()2.Iargue______mybestfriend
A.withB.aboutC.atD.and
()3.Hedoesnthaveanymoney,______.
A.eitherB.tooC.alsoD.but
()4.Hecoulddonothingexcept_____TV.
A.watchB.watchesC.watchingD.willwatch
()5.Please______whobrokethewindow.
A.findoutB.findC.lookforD.lookout
()6.WhenIarrivedhome,IrememberedthatImykeyintheclassroom.
A.forgetB.forgotC.leaveD.left
()7.Ireallydontknow_________.
A.whatshouldIdoB.whattodoC.howtodoD.howIshoulddo
()8.Theyaregoodfriends,butsometimesthey_____eachother.
A.argueofB.argueC.arguetoD.arguewith
(二)任務(wù)型閱讀
DearMary,
Ihaveaproblem,andIneedyourhelp.IalwaysthoughtIwaspopularatschool.ButIjust1.thatmyfriendswereplanningabirthdaypartyformybestfriend,andtheydidntinviteme.2.Eelseinmyclasswasiexceptme.andIdontknowwhy.3.我認(rèn)為我沒做錯(cuò)。Iveryupsetand4.Idontknowwhattodo.Whatdoyouthink?Candoyouhelpme?
Yours,
Lonelykid
1.填入空缺單詞或短語。
2.首字母填詞;
3.翻譯成英語。
4.寫出同義句。Idontknowwhattodo.=
5.Givehimsomeadvice(atleasttwopieces)
五、課后反思:
我的收獲:
我的不足:
我努力的方向是_______________________________
UNIT 9 I like music that I can dance to教學(xué)案
每個(gè)老師需要在上課前弄好自己的教案課件,大家在認(rèn)真寫教案課件了。對教案課件的工作進(jìn)行一個(gè)詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃,才能對工作更加有幫助!有多少經(jīng)典范文是適合教案課件呢?以下是小編為大家精心整理的“UNIT 9 I like music that I can dance to教學(xué)案”,僅供參考,歡迎大家閱讀。
UNIT9IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)·學(xué)會(huì)談?wù)撟约旱南埠谩!W(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)自己對某事物或某人的好惡及理由。二、知識(shí)概覽圖
類別
課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的內(nèi)容
必備
單詞
名詞:lyric,heart,string,fisherman,entertainment,feature,photography,gallery,energy,course,laboratory,type,cancer,risk,biscuit動(dòng)詞:prefer,dislike,sink,miss,suggest,expect,taste,fry,shock形容詞:gentle,honest,sweet,main,tasty???/p>
短語
remindsb.of,YellowRiver,ondisplay,tobehonest,bebadfor,stayawayfrom,beinagreement,suitsb.fine,lookfor,prefer...to...,gettogether經(jīng)典
句型
1.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.2.Iprefermusicthathasgreatlyrics.3.Carmenlikesmusicianswhoplaydifferentkindsofmusic.重點(diǎn)
語法
that,who引導(dǎo)的定語叢句三、新課導(dǎo)引!--?xml:namespaceprefix=vns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"/--四、教材精華
SECTIONA1.Iprefermusicthathasgreatlyrics.我更喜歡歌詞優(yōu)美的音樂。(1)that為關(guān)系代詞,在句中引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞music。that在從句中作主語,不能省略。Theskirtthatismadeofsilkisveryexpensive.這條絲綢做的裙子太貴了。(2)prefer用作動(dòng)詞,意為“更喜歡”,相當(dāng)于“l(fā)ike...better”。IpreferEnglishtomaths.=IlikeEnglishbetterthanmaths.與數(shù)學(xué)相比,我更喜歡英語。拓展①prefersth.Tosth.或preferdoingsth.todoingsth.喜歡(做)某事而不喜歡(做)某事Ipreferstayingathometogoingout.我喜歡待在家里,而不喜歡外出。②prefertodosth.更喜歡做某事Hepreferstolistentoquietandgentlemusic.他更喜歡聽輕柔優(yōu)雅的音樂。③prefertodosth.ratherthatdosth.=wouldratherdosth.thandosth.寧愿做某事而不愿做某事Iprefertowriteratherthatread.=Iwouldratherwritethatread.我寧愿寫而不愿讀。中考鏈接29.Whenpeoplewanttorelaxthemselves,theypreferTVorlistentomusicratherthannewspapers.?A.watching;readB.watching;toread?C.towatch;readD.towatch;reading答案:C本題考查prefer…ratherthan…句型的用法。根據(jù)題意,當(dāng)人們想放松自己時(shí),他們寧愿看電視聽音樂也不會(huì)去看報(bào)紙。prefer后接動(dòng)詞不定式,ratherthan后接動(dòng)詞原形。故本題選C。Jane’smotherpreferred__________TVathometo__________totheconcert.A.towatch;goB.watching;goingC.watching;goD.towatch;going答案:Bpreferdoingsth.todoingsth.“比起……來更喜歡……”,故答案選B。
36.—Howaboutgoingshoppingthisweekend,Peter?
—Sorry.Iprefer______ratherthan______.
A.tostayathome,gooutB.togoout,stayathome
C.stayingathome,gooutD.goingout,stayathome
答案:A
動(dòng)詞用法。prefertodoratherthando意為“寧愿---而不愿”。根據(jù)句義,“寧愿呆在家里而不愿出去”。40.--DoyouoftenwatchManandNatureonTV?--Sometimes.Itsaninterestingprogram,butI______SportsNews.A.preferB.wantC.enjoyD.miss答案:A詞匯辨析。上句意思是:你經(jīng)??措娨暽系摹度伺c自然》嗎?答語是:有時(shí)候,那是個(gè)有趣的節(jié)目,但是,我“更喜歡”體育新聞。而B.want想要;C.enjoy喜歡;D.miss錯(cuò)過。2.IlovemusicthatIcansingalongwith.我喜歡能隨之歌唱的音樂。alongwith(togetherwith)意為“伴隨著”。Iwillgoalongwithyou.我將和你一起去。Thestudentsplantedtreesalongwithteachers.學(xué)生和老師們一起植樹。Iamgoingshopping,alongwithmymother.我和媽媽準(zhǔn)備去購物。溫馨提示當(dāng)主語后面接說明主語的修飾語,如with,alongwith,togetherwith等時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與主語保持一致。3.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.我喜歡能隨之跳舞的音樂。that在從句中作介詞to的賓語。danceto意為“隨著……的節(jié)拍跳舞”,to在這里是介詞,意為“按照,隨著”。Thegirlsdancedtothebeautifulmusic.姑娘們隨著優(yōu)美的音樂翩翩起舞。中考鏈接34.Thepolicemancaughtthethief______hasstolenMr.Li’scomputer.A.whichB.whoseC.whomD.who答案:D考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,which用于指事兒;whose“誰的”;whom“誰”是賓格;who“誰”,是主格,先行詞指人,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語,所以要用主作格。(2011桂林)37.Thebasketball________Iboughtyesterdaycostme80yuan.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.when37.答案:A連詞的用法。定語從句的連接詞根據(jù)先行詞來判斷,先行詞為人時(shí)用who或that,先行詞為物時(shí)用which或that.此題中先行詞basketball為物因此用that,故選A。43.Theteacherscameforavisitareforeigners.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whichA考查定語從句的關(guān)系詞。who指代人,在從句做主語和賓語;whom指代人,在從句做賓語;whose指代誰的,在從句做定語;which指代物,在從句做主語和賓語。此處修飾先行詞是“人”而且在從句中作主語,用who引導(dǎo)。故選A。32.Tony,tellmetheresultofthediscussion_____youhadwithyourdadyesterday.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.who32.答案:考查定語從句。該句的先行詞為thediscussion,故用which做關(guān)系代詞,在從句中做賓語。語意:…告訴我你和你父親討論的結(jié)果。注意:what不是關(guān)系詞;when做關(guān)系副詞在從句中做時(shí)間狀語;who做關(guān)系代詞時(shí),先行詞必須是人。()18.Thisisthecamera______myunclegavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whoC.what答案:A本題考查定語從句。句中先行詞是名詞camera,故用that或which。31.Mygrandparentsliketoliveinahouse_______isnotverybigbutbrightandcomfortable.A.thatB.whoC.whatD.whose31.答案:A考查定語從句。定語從句的連接詞根據(jù)先行詞來判斷,先行詞為人時(shí)用who或that,先行詞為物時(shí)用which或that.此題中先行詞house為物因此用that,故選A。41.MarySmithsaysshelikestohavefriends_________aredifferentfromher.A.whoseB.whichC.who答案:C這里考查的是定語從句,先行詞是人,故排除B,同時(shí)又在從句中作主語,故應(yīng)用who。24.Doyouknowthegirl_________issingingintheclassroom?A.whenB.whoC.which答案:B考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞定語從句修飾人時(shí)用that和who,這里只能選B.(2011湖南岳陽中考)30.Ican’tforgetthetimetheearthquakehappenedinYushu.A.whenB.whichC.where解析:本題考查定語從句。thetime表時(shí)間,故答案選A。33.Ihatepeople_________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.where答案:A考查定語從句的用法。由先行詞people決定定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞指人,并且作主語,因此排除B,D。whose“誰的”,用作定語,故選A。21.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?—Ilikethemovies____areaboutChinesehistory.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.that答案:D考查定語從句的用法。句意:-你喜歡哪種電影?-我喜歡關(guān)于中國歷史的影片。先行詞themovies為物,要用指物的關(guān)系代詞that。排除其他選項(xiàng)。故選D。23.Thephotossuccessfullyshowtherichculture______makesBeijingsofamous.A.whatB.whichC.whoD.why答案:B定語從句。定語從句修飾therichculture,先行詞是物,用which。
34.Theoldmanaskedthegirltotakeanotherseathewantedtositnexttohiswife.
A.becauseB.sothatC.so答案:B考查連詞及狀語從句。由句意知:那位老人讓那個(gè)女孩坐另一座位的“目的”就是想坐到妻子旁邊。故用sothat(以便)引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。
42.KatewassogladshereceivedaChristmasgiftfromhisgrandparentsawayinThailand.
A.thatB.whenC.if答案:B考查連詞及狀語從句。句意:Kate收到她遠(yuǎn)在泰國的祖父母的禮物時(shí),是那么的高興。注意:不要誤認(rèn)為是“so...that”引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句。因?yàn)楹竺鎻木洳皇乔懊嬷骶涞慕Y(jié)果。14.Thegirlcatchestheflowersonaweddingwillbethenexttogetmarried.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose答案:C考查定語從句的用法。Whom指人,作從句的賓語;which指物,作從句的主語或賓語;who指人,作從句的主語或賓語;whose即指人也指物,作從句的定語,后跟名詞。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞“catches”可推斷關(guān)系詞作從句的主語,而“thegirl”指人,故選C。12.OneofthemostinterestingplacesinYangzhou________areoftenvisitedbyforeignersistheWestSlenderLake.A.whatB.whoC.thatD./答案:C定語從句。根據(jù)句意:被外國旅游者參觀的最著名的地方是西湖。Areoftenvisitedbyforeigners修飾先行詞places。38.—Whoisyournewheadteacherthissemester?—Thewoman_______iswearingaredskirt.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which答案:B關(guān)系代詞的用法。本題先行詞“thewoman”為“人”,故選擇關(guān)系代詞who。
32.LiMeiisthestudent_________handwritingisthebestinourclass.A.whoseB.whomC.whoD.that答案:A定語從句的用法。who作主語指人,whom作賓語指人,that既可作主語又可作賓語(作賓語可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。whose用來指人或物,只用作定語。由handwriting可推斷關(guān)系代詞做定語,故選A。10.----IsthereanyoneherenameisBetty?----Sorry,Idon’tknow.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whoseD定語從句的考察先行詞anyone是人,在定語從句中做name的定語,所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose。24.—Wheredidyougolastweek??—IwenttoZhangAiping’shometownandvisitedthehousehewasbornin.?A.thatB.thereC.whoD.whose答案:A本題考查定語從句的用法。根據(jù)上下文語境語意:-上個(gè)星期你去哪了?-我去了張愛萍的家鄉(xiāng),參觀了她出生的地方。先行詞“that”修飾“house”,故本題選A。26.Isthattheman_______helpedusalotaftertheearthquake?A.whichB.whoC.whom答案:B考查定語從句及關(guān)系代詞用法辨析。句中先行詞為theman,又因?yàn)殛P(guān)系詞需要做helped的主語,故選who。注意:用which時(shí),先行詞只能是物;而whom只能做賓語。(2011四川資陽)20.—IhearthatLily’sbrotherisaworkerhere.—Look,theman_________isworkingoverthereisherbrother.A.whoB.whomC.whatD.which答案:A考查定語從句的關(guān)系代詞。who“代替人”作主語或者賓語;whom“代替人”作賓語;what不用于賓語從句;which“代替物”作主語或者賓語;先行詞為人,在從句中作主語。故選A。44.Johnistheboy_____legswerebadlyhurtintheaccident.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which答案:A定語從句。先行詞是人排除D,根據(jù)句意:誰的腿,用Whose。33.Haveyoureadthebook_____isaboutthemoon?A.whatB.itC./D.which答案D考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞。前置語為thebook名詞,用which代替。it和what不能作定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。()23.—Doyouknowthegirl__istalkingtoourEnglishteacher?
—Yes.Shesmysister.
A.whoB.whomC.whichD.Whose
答案:A32.Ihatethose________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.where答案:A29."Getnewknowledgebyreviewingtheold"isafamoussayingbyConfucius(孔子).Hewasagreatthinkerwordsstillhaveagreateffectonmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldtoday.A.whoB.whosC.whose答案:C考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞為人(thinker),引導(dǎo)詞后的成分(words),words的定語為先行詞。故用whose。30.Wedontlikepeople_talktoomuchbutneverdoanything.A.whoseB.whoC.whenD.whichB定語從句的考察先行詞people是人,在定語從句中做主語,故用關(guān)系代詞who.
43.–Doyouknowtheboy___isstandingunderthetree?
--Yes,heismyfriend,Peter.
A.whatB.whoC.whomD.whose
B
定語從句的考察先行詞theboy是“人”,在定語從句中作主語,故用關(guān)系代詞who.()37.—Whatdidhesayjustnow?—Heaskedme_________,A.whenmysistercamebackB.whendidmysistercomebackC.whenwillmysistercomeback答案A賓語從句的考查。賓語從句應(yīng)該是陳述句語序,主句中heaskedme是一般過去時(shí),故從句也應(yīng)該是過去時(shí)態(tài)總的一種。()31.—Doyouknowthegirlinwhiteis?—I’mnotsure.Maybesheisadoctor.A.howB.whereC.what答案:C23.Whoistheman______isreadingabookoverthere?A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.What答案:A定語從句的用法。句意:那邊正在讀書的人是誰?先行詞man指人,從句中缺少主語,用that。whose做從句的定語。which做引導(dǎo)詞時(shí),先行詞必須指物。故選A。26.—Doyouknow?—Sorry,Idonthaveawatch.A.whosewatchthisisB.whosewatchisthisC.whattimeitisD.whattimeisit答案:C考查賓語從句的用法。賓語從句應(yīng)為陳述語序。排除B和D。由答語句意“我沒有手表”可推斷問句提問的是時(shí)間。故選C。24.Peterlikesmusic_________isveryloudandenergetic.A.thatB.whoC.whomD./答案:A定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的用法。由句意“彼得喜歡聲音大而且有力量的音樂”可知后句為定語從句。that用來指人或物,who用來指人,which用來指物。先行詞為物,在句中作主語,且不可省略,用that。故選A。23.Therewillbeastampshowinthemuseum______wevisitedlastweek.A.whoB.whenC.whichD.what答案:C關(guān)系代詞的用法。此處先行詞是museum,是事物,應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞which替代museum。
35.Imgoingtostartaclubtohelpstudents_____arenotinterestedinschoolwork.
A.whoseB.whoC.whom答案:B
考查定語從句。根據(jù)句意,我打算創(chuàng)辦一個(gè)興趣小組去幫助那些對學(xué)習(xí)不感興趣的學(xué)生。從helpstudents看出應(yīng)該使用指人的關(guān)系代詞,而且作從句的主語。故選B。30.Ginalovessingers_______writetheirownmusic.A.whichB.whoC.hasworked答案:B定語從句的用法。本句意思為“吉娜喜歡自己作曲的歌手”,后面writetheirownmusic“自己作曲”做定語修飾singer“歌手”,而which一般引導(dǎo)事物,who一般用于引導(dǎo)人,本題用于修飾singer是一個(gè)人,因此空格處的關(guān)系代詞為who。()4.Thestory______Ireadthenewspaperwasaboutacommonproblemamongteenagers.A.whoseB.whoC.thatD.where4.答案:C考查定語從句。句意:在報(bào)紙上我讀的故事是關(guān)于青少年一個(gè)普遍的問題。先行詞指物,且做賓語,故選C。38.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool__________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which答案:A定語從句。從severalofthestudents看出應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who指人。故選A。30.PeoplefromdifferentplacescometovisitZhaoqing______isfamousforitsbeautifulmountainsandlakes.A.whatB.whichC.who答案:B定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。先行詞是Zhaoqing,是地方,排除C;what不能作定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。28.---Whatareyoulookingfor?---I’mlookingforthebook________youlentmeyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whose答案:A定語從句。句意:你在找什么?我在找你昨天借給我的那本書。youlentmeyesterday做定語修飾thebook,故應(yīng)該用that引導(dǎo),故答案為A。44.Thefirstthing_____mybrotherisgoingtodothisafternoonistowritealetter.A.whichB.thatC.whyD.who答案:B本題考查定語從句that的用法。在定語從句中先行詞為當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone,thing時(shí),不定代詞用that.在定語從句中當(dāng)先行詞為物時(shí),用which或that;C項(xiàng)為副詞,在定語從句充當(dāng)狀語,與題意不符,故排除。D項(xiàng)當(dāng)先行詞為人時(shí),用who或whom.故選B。10.Heisaperson______iseasytogetalongwith.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.what答案:A31.I’llneverforgettheday_____thegreatscientistcametoourschoolandgaveusaspeech.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where答案:C定語從句的用法。句意:我從來不會(huì)忘記這位偉大的科學(xué)家來我們學(xué)校給我們做演講的這一天。從句中有主語,也有賓語,可判斷先行詞做狀語,表示時(shí)間用when。that和which是關(guān)系代詞,做主語或賓語;where做狀語時(shí)表示地點(diǎn)。故選C。(2010.河北中考)TherearelotsofthingsIneedtopreparebeforethetrip.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose選B(2010.自貢中考)Jimdislikespeople______talkmuchbutneverdoanything.A.whoB.whomC.whose選A(2010南京中考)—IhearSamhasgonetoQiandiaoforhisholiday.--Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenhe_______?A.leftB.wasleavingC.hasleftD.hadleft選A(2010.衢州中考)Wearetryingtohelpthosechildren_____losttheirparentsinYushu,QinghaiProvince.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whose選C(2010.長沙中考)Doyouknowthegirl_______issingingintheclassroom?A.whoB.whichC.when選A(2010·通化中考)Jimdislikespeople_______talkmuchbutneverdoanything.A.whomB.whenC.whoseD.who選D(2010·揚(yáng)州中考)—ThevolunteersaredoingagreatjobinYushu.--Yes.Theyarehelpingthepeople______aresufferingfromtheearthquake.A.whichB.whatC./D.who選D(2010成都中考)Haveyoufoundtheanswertothequestion______Iaskedyouthismorning?A.whenB.whatC.that選C(2010·河南中考)Friendsarethosemakeyousmile,alwaysopentheirheartstoyouandencourageyoutosucceedAwhichBwhatCwhomDwho選D(2010·十堰中考)IbegantoworkinShanghaiintheyear_______HongKongwasreturnedtoChina.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when選D(2009·河北中考)Sorry,wedon’thavethecoat______youneed.A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which選D??疾閣hich引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由表示物的先行詞thecoat可選出正確答案為D。(2009·山東中考)Thisisthenovel______iswrittenbyGuoJingming.A.whoB.whatC.thatD./選C。考查關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由表示物的先行詞thenovel可排除A、B二項(xiàng);另因?yàn)殛P(guān)系代詞在從句中做主語,所以不能省略,故舍D選C。(2009·通化中考)Jimdislikespeople______talkmuchbutneverdoanything.A.whomB.whenC.whoseD.who選D??疾殛P(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的定語從句。先行詞people指人,故正確答案為D。(2009·德州中考)Thegirl_________issittingunderthebigtreeisLynn’scousin.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which選A。考查關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由表示人的先行詞Thegirl可先排除D;另由于該空在句中做主語,故舍B、C二項(xiàng),選A。(2009·河南中考)It’stimetosaygoodbyetomyschool.I’llalwaysrememberthepeople_______havehelpedme.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.where選A??疾殛P(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由表示人的先行詞thepeople可排除B、C、D三項(xiàng),故選A。(2009·紹興中考)ThewholeworldisfightingagainsttheH1N1,adisease______hascausedmanydeaths.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.what選B??疾殛P(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由表示物的先行詞adisease可知要用關(guān)系代詞which,故排除A、C、D三項(xiàng),選B。(2009·綿陽中考)Disneyisanamusementpark_______youcanfindallthenormalattractionsandDisneymoviesandcharacters.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when選B。考查where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞anamusementpark可排除A、C、D三項(xiàng),故選B。
(2009·東營中考)Theyounglady________wemetyesterdayisournewmathteacher.
A.whatB.whoseC.whoD.which
選C??疾殛P(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由指人的先行詞Theyounglady可排除A、B、D三項(xiàng),故選C。(2009·孝感中考)Theskirt_________ismadeofsilkisveryexpensive.Ican’taffordit.A.whatB./C.thatD.it選C??疾殛P(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。先行詞skirt指物,故正確答案為C。(2009·蘭州中考)Iliketheteacher________classesareveryinterestingandcreative.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whose選D。考查關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。結(jié)合題意“我很喜歡!--?xml:namespaceprefix=st1ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags"/--那個(gè)老師,他的課非常有趣,非常有創(chuàng)意”可知關(guān)系代詞在句中作classes的定語,故排除A、B、C三項(xiàng),選D。(2008·河南中考)ShaolinTemple________liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what選B??疾閣hich引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由指物的先行詞ShaolinTemple可選B。(2008·廈門中考)Jack,thereissomeoneintheoffice______wouldliketospeakwithyou.A.whoB.whichC.whom選A。考查who引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由指人的先行詞someone知答案選A。(2008·陜西中考)Weshouldgivelovetothechildren_______losttheirparentsintheearthquake(地震).A.whoB.whomC.thoseD.which選A??疾閣ho引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由指人的先行詞thechildren可選A。(2008·哈爾濱中考)-ThedutyofProjectHopeistohelppoorchildren,isn’tit?-Yes,ithasbuiltmanyschools________thosechildrencanstudyhappily.A.whereB.whenC.which選A。考查where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由指地點(diǎn)的先行詞schools可直接選A。(2008·咸寧中考)-Therearemanyvolunteers________arehelpingthechildreninSichuan.-AndmostofthemarecollegestudentsA.whichB.whenC.whoseD.who選D??疾閣ho引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由題中表示人的先行詞volunteers可排除A、B、C三項(xiàng),所以選D。(2008·長沙中考)-Whatareyoulookingfor?-Iamlookingforthebook________Iboughtyesterday.A.whoB.whichC.whose選B。考查which引導(dǎo)的定語從句。先行詞thebook指物,故答案是B。(2008·恩施中考)WeknowJackieChan________moviesareverypopularwiththeyoung.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which選A??疾閣hose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由表示人的先行詞JackieChan可先排除D;另結(jié)合題意“我們都知道成龍,他的電影非常受年輕人歡迎”可知填作定語的關(guān)系代詞,故排除B、C二項(xiàng),選A。(2008·衡陽中考)Isthisuniversity_______yourelderbrotherwillchoosethisyear?A.theoneB.thatC.where選A(2008·梧州中考)-Doyouknowtheboy_______isstandingunderthetree?-Yes.He’sPeter.He’snewinourclass.A.whereB.whatC.whoD.whose選C??疾閣ho引導(dǎo)的定語從句。由指人的先行詞man可直接選C。定語從句定語從句在句中做定語,修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞,被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后,由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞)引出。關(guān)系代詞有:who,whom,whose,that,which等。關(guān)系副詞有:when,where,why等。1.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。1)who,whom,that這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中作主語和賓語。例如:Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是你想見的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)2)whose用來指人或物,(只用作定語,若指物,它還可以同ofwhich互換)。例如:Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.請遞給我那本綠皮的書。3)which,that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等。例如:Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which/that在句中作賓語)Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作賓語)2.關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。1)關(guān)系副詞when,where,why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+which"結(jié)構(gòu),因此常常和"介詞+which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。例如:Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?2)that代替關(guān)系副詞,可以用于表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when,where,why和"介詞+which"引導(dǎo)的定語從句,在口語中that常被省略。例如:Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhich)hewasborn.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。Heisunlikelytofindtheplace(that/where/inwhich)helivedfortyyearsago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。3.判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞方法一:用關(guān)系代詞,還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無賓語,就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如:ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.這是我去年呆過的山村。IllneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記與你共事的日子。判斷改錯(cuò):(錯(cuò))ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.(錯(cuò))IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.(對)Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.(對)Illneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞where,when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。方法二:準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone答案:例1D,例2A例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌篢hisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.在句1中,所缺部分為賓語,而where,that,onwhich都不能起到賓語的作用,只有theone既做了主句的表語,又可做從句的賓語,可以省略關(guān)系代詞,所以應(yīng)選D。而句2中,主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語表地點(diǎn),既可用副詞where,又因inthemuseum詞組,可用介詞in+which引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語。而此題中,介詞on用的不對,所以選A。關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分,先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時(shí),選擇關(guān)系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose);先行詞在從句中做狀語時(shí),應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞(where地點(diǎn)狀語,when時(shí)間狀語,why原因狀語)。4.限制性和非限制性定語從句1)定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明確;非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明,去掉了也不會(huì)影響主句的意思,它與主句之間通常用逗號(hào)分開。例如:Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.這是我們上個(gè)月買的那幢房子。(限制性)Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.這幢房子很漂亮,是我們上個(gè)月買的。(非限制性)2)當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí),其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的。例如:CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園。Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.這本小說很動(dòng)人,我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。3)非限制性定語從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞,對其進(jìn)行修飾,這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。例如:HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎沒抓住我的意思,這使我心煩。Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝?,這就叫做蒸發(fā)。說明:關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。5.介詞+關(guān)系詞1)介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略。2)that前不能有介詞。3)某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)或原因狀語的"介詞+關(guān)系詞"結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when和where互換。例如:ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.這是我兩年前住過的房子。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?還記得你加入我們俱樂部的那一天嗎?Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?6.as,which非限定性定語從句由as,which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句,as和which可代整個(gè)主句,相當(dāng)于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首,which在句中。例如:Asweknow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.如我們所知,吸煙有害健康。Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.太陽使地球暖起來,這對我們?nèi)祟惡苤匾?。典型例題1)Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,___cameasasurprise.A.itB.thatC.whichD.he答案C.此為非限定性從句,不能用that修飾,而用which.,it和he都使后句成為句子,兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號(hào)連接。況且選he句意不通。2)Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,___wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it答案B。which可代替句子,用于非限定性定語從句,而what不可。That不能用于非限定性定語從句,it不為連詞,使由逗號(hào)連接的兩個(gè)句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。3)Itrainedhardyesterday,____preventedmefromgoingtothepark..A.thatB.whichC.asD.it答案B.as和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí),這兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達(dá)的整個(gè)意思,且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語。但不同之處主要有兩點(diǎn):(1)as引導(dǎo)的定語從句可置于句首,而which不可。(2)as代表前面的整個(gè)主句并在從句中作主語時(shí),從句中的謂語必須是系動(dòng)詞;若為行為動(dòng)詞,則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which.。在本題中,prevent由于是行為動(dòng)詞,所以正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為B。as的用法例1.thesame…as;such…as中的as是一種固定結(jié)構(gòu),和……一樣……。例如:Ihavegotintothesametroubleashe(has).我碰到了跟他一樣的麻煩。例2.as可引導(dǎo)非限制性從句,常帶有正如。例如:Asweknow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.如我們所知,吸煙有害健康。Asisknown,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.As是關(guān)系代詞。例1中的as作know的賓語;例2中,它充當(dāng)從句的主語,謂語動(dòng)詞know要用被動(dòng)式。7.先行詞和關(guān)系詞二合一1)Whoeverspitsinpublicwillbepunishedhere.(Whoever可以用anyonewho代替)2)Theparentswillusewhattheyhavetosendtheirsontotechnicalschool.(what可以用allthat代替)8.what/whatever;that/what;who/whoever1)what=thethingwhich;whatever=anything。例如:Whatyouwanthasbeensenthere.你要的動(dòng)詞都送來了。Whateveryouwantmakesnodifferencetome.不管你要什么,跟我沒什么關(guān)系。2)who=thepersonthatwhoever=anyonewho。例如:(錯(cuò))Whobreaksthelawwillbepunished.(錯(cuò))Whoeverrobbedthebankisnotclear.(對)Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.王子犯法,與庶民同罪。(對)Whorobbedthebankisnotclear.誰搶了銀行還不清楚。3)that和what當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí),通常用作關(guān)系代詞,而引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí),是個(gè)不充當(dāng)任何成分的連接詞。賓語從句和表語從句中的that??墒÷浴hat只能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,用作連接代詞,作從句的具體成分,且不能省略。例如:Ithink(that)youwilllikethestamps.我想你會(huì)喜歡這些郵票的。Whatweneedismorepractice.我們需要的是更多的實(shí)踐。9.關(guān)系代詞that的用法1)不用that的情況a)引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時(shí)。例如:(錯(cuò))Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.b)介詞后不能用。例如:Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.我們依賴土地獲得食物。Wedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.2)只能用that作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況a)在therebe句型中,只用that,不用which。b)在不定代詞,如:anything,nothing,theone,all,much,few,any,little等作先行詞時(shí),只用that,不用which。c)先行詞有theonly,thevery修飾時(shí),只用that。d)先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí),只用that。.e)先行詞既有人,又有物時(shí)。例如:Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油問題。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那賊最終把偷的全部東西交給了警察。4.Carmenlikesmusicianswhoplaydifferentkindsofmusic.卡門喜歡能演奏不同類型樂曲的音樂家。(1)musician是名詞,復(fù)數(shù)形式為musicians,意為“音樂家,樂師,作曲家”。(2)who為關(guān)系代詞,在句中引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾先行詞musicians。who在從句中作主語。中考鏈接(2010·杭州)Youcan’twakeapersonispretendingtobeasleep.A.whoB.whichC.heD./解析:本題考查定語從句。先行詞為aperson“一個(gè)人”,指人,關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語,用who或that,故選A。答案:A(3)different是形容詞,意為“不同的”,其名詞形式為difference“不同”,反義詞為same“同樣的,相同的”。常用短語為:bedifferentfrom“與……不同”。EnglishnamesaredifferentfromChineseones.英文名字與中文名字不同。5.Whatdoesitremindyouof?它讓你想起了什么?(1)remindsb.of...“使某人想起……”,remind意為“提醒,使記起,使想起”,后跟sb.of/that從句。Thepicturesremindmeofmyschooldays.這些照片使我想起了我的學(xué)生時(shí)代。Iremindhimthathemustgohomebeforedark.我提醒他必須在天黑之前回家。(2)remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事Myparentsoftenremindmetostudyhard.父母經(jīng)常提醒我要努力學(xué)習(xí)。6.IlistenedtoonecalledHeartStrings.我聽了一張名叫《心弦》的CD。(1)one是代詞,代指上文提到的CD。(2)calledHeartStrings在句中作定語,修飾前面的one,called相當(dāng)于named。IknowaboycalledJim.我認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)叫吉姆的男孩。7.Whatdoyouthinkofit?你覺得它怎么樣?Whatdoyouthinkof...?是常用句型,意為“你認(rèn)為/覺得……怎么樣?”相當(dāng)于Howdoyoulike...?Whatdoyouthinkofthehook?=Howdoyoulikethebook?你覺得這本書怎么樣?拓展Howdoyouenjoy...?你覺得……怎么樣?What/Howaboutdoing...?做……怎么樣?Shallwedo...?我們做……好嗎?Wouldyouliketodo...?你想做……嗎?8.Ican’tstandmusicthat...我不能忍受……的音樂。stand是動(dòng)詞,意為“忍受,經(jīng)受;容忍”。can’tstand(doing)sth./sb.意為“不能忍受(做)某事/某人”。Doyouthinkshecanstandthepaceofworkhere?你認(rèn)為她能夠忍受這兒的工作節(jié)奏嗎?溫馨提示stand作“忍受”講時(shí),常用在否定句或疑問句中,不與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)連用。Ican’tstandthishotweather.我忍受不了這種熱天氣。Shecan’tstandwaitingforalongtime.她不能忍受等很長時(shí)間。五、課堂檢測Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空1.Judylikesmusicverymuch.Shelikesmusicshecandanceto.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.where2.Therearemanyworksofartinthemuseumwewillvisittomorrow.A.whereB.whoC.whichD.what3.Thebeautifulgirlwemetyesterdayismydeskmate.A.whatB.whoseC.whomD.which4.Heistheonlymanhelpedthegirloutofthewater.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which5.Theyprefersoccerratherthankites.A.playing;flyingB.toplay;flyingC.toplay;flyD.play;fly
Ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Hereistheboy(call)Tony.2.Icanplaydifferent(kind)ofsports.3.Heprefers(play)basketballto(watch)TV.4.Hedislikes(learn)Englishbecausehethinksit’shardforhim.5.Iprefermusicthathasgreat(lyric).答案速遞Ⅰ.1~5CCCACⅡ.1.called2.kinds3.playing,watching4.learning5.lyrics六、學(xué)后反思