小學(xué)詞語(yǔ)教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2020-12-28詞語(yǔ)的兄弟姐妹——同義詞。
詞語(yǔ)的兄弟姐妹——同義詞
課題詞語(yǔ)的兄弟姐妹—同義詞№1
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
知識(shí)與能力同義詞、同義詞之間的異同
過(guò)程與方法通過(guò)從具體的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象入手,在討論中逐步將同義詞剝離出來(lái)。
情感態(tài)度
與
價(jià)值觀了解同義詞在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)中的作用,并能辨析同義詞和恰當(dāng)使用同義詞。
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)同義詞的形成原因、同義詞的類(lèi)型
教學(xué)難點(diǎn)正確使用同義詞
教學(xué)關(guān)鍵通過(guò)生活中的現(xiàn)象的討來(lái)理解、練習(xí)中正確掌握課型復(fù)習(xí)
教學(xué)方法討論、閱讀、啟發(fā)教具
教學(xué)過(guò)程教 學(xué) 內(nèi) 容教師活動(dòng)學(xué)生活動(dòng)
導(dǎo)語(yǔ)
新課
總結(jié)練習(xí)
作業(yè)1、許多同學(xué)在考試中做詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用一題,常常是跟著感覺(jué)走,卻常常走錯(cuò),那是因?yàn)槿狈?duì)同義詞辨析的理性思考。學(xué)習(xí)本節(jié)內(nèi)容之后,希望你們能煩惱少一點(diǎn),喜悅多一點(diǎn),進(jìn)步大一點(diǎn),對(duì)自己說(shuō),同義詞辨析,沒(méi)問(wèn)題!
2、由引子討論
由書(shū)上的“看”進(jìn)行練習(xí)
3、補(bǔ)充練習(xí)
讓世界充滿愛(ài)
找出漢語(yǔ)中跟愛(ài)”有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)。
要求:詞語(yǔ)中有愛(ài),且動(dòng)詞(求同存異)
從愛(ài)的程度分類(lèi),分成感興趣的,有很深感情的,過(guò)分的的三類(lèi)。(同中求異)
明確知識(shí)點(diǎn):同義詞,同義詞類(lèi)型
所以說(shuō)一般的同義詞是指相對(duì)同義詞(近義詞)
第一類(lèi):詞匯意義完全相同。
掂量-斟酌;母親-媽媽
第二類(lèi):詞匯意義有很大的共性,但又不完全一致,但是色彩意義相同。
優(yōu)異-優(yōu)秀-優(yōu)良
4、讀課文歸納辨析方法
5、鞏固練習(xí),課后練習(xí)二
遷移訓(xùn)練,見(jiàn)課件導(dǎo)入
啟發(fā)
強(qiáng)調(diào)
補(bǔ)充
布置進(jìn)入情境
閱讀
聯(lián)想
回答
理解
探討
練習(xí)
完成
板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)詞語(yǔ)的兄弟姐妹—同義詞
一、同義詞,同義詞類(lèi)型
二、納辨析方法
課后記事通過(guò)生活中的現(xiàn)象的討來(lái)理解、練習(xí)中正確掌握
課題詞語(yǔ)的兄弟姐妹—同義詞№2
教
學(xué)
目
標(biāo)知識(shí)
與
能力同義詞、同義詞之間的異同
過(guò)程
與
方法通過(guò)從具體的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象入手,在討論中逐步將同義詞剝離出來(lái)。
情感態(tài)度
與
價(jià)值觀了解同義詞在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)中的作用,并能辨析同義詞和恰當(dāng)使用同義詞。
教學(xué)重點(diǎn)同義詞的形成原因、同義詞的類(lèi)型
教學(xué)難點(diǎn)正確使用同義詞
教學(xué)關(guān)鍵通過(guò)生活中的現(xiàn)象的討來(lái)理解、練習(xí)中正確掌握課型復(fù)習(xí)
教學(xué)方法討論、閱讀、啟發(fā)教具
教學(xué)過(guò)程教 學(xué) 內(nèi) 容教師活動(dòng)學(xué)生活動(dòng)
組織教學(xué)
導(dǎo)入新課
總結(jié)練習(xí)
作業(yè)一、積累整合
檢查學(xué)生練習(xí)三的完成情況
基本技巧
1、詞語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)境義
辨析語(yǔ)境義的關(guān)鍵——分析、把握語(yǔ)境。
基本原則——字不離詞,詞不離句,句不離段。
2、抓住相異語(yǔ)素,分析其意義差異,選其符合語(yǔ)境義者。注意辨別同義詞或近義詞在意義、色彩、運(yùn)用這幾方面的細(xì)微差別
3、聯(lián)系日常習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),推斷詞語(yǔ)意義及用法,再判斷該選何詞
4.巧妙運(yùn)用排除法。
二、學(xué)以致用
見(jiàn)課件
三、生活看臺(tái)
生活中有許多“雅詞”,用錯(cuò)對(duì)象、放錯(cuò)地方或者“亂點(diǎn)鴛鴦譜”、“褡錯(cuò)車(chē)”的現(xiàn)象屢屢出現(xiàn),請(qǐng)看下面的例子:導(dǎo)入
疏導(dǎo)
歸納引導(dǎo)
布置了解識(shí)記
理解鞏固
完成
板書(shū)設(shè)計(jì)
詞語(yǔ)的兄弟姐妹—同義詞
辨析語(yǔ)境義的關(guān)鍵——分析、把握語(yǔ)境。
基本原則——字不離詞,詞不離句,句不離段
課后記事
討論、閱讀、啟發(fā)
相關(guān)知識(shí)
常見(jiàn)的英語(yǔ)同義詞50組(下)
一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)時(shí)都會(huì)提前最好準(zhǔn)備,作為教師就需要提前準(zhǔn)備好適合自己的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生們能夠在上課時(shí)充分理解所教內(nèi)容,幫助教師掌握上課時(shí)的教學(xué)節(jié)奏。怎么才能讓教案寫(xiě)的更加全面呢?下面的內(nèi)容是小編為大家整理的常見(jiàn)的英語(yǔ)同義詞50組(下),供您參考,希望能夠幫助到大家。
常見(jiàn)的英語(yǔ)同義詞50組(下)
26.增加27.笑28.瘋29.味道30.滑31.怕32.閃光33.大34.感情35.工作,職業(yè)36.停止37.旅行38.抓,握39.看,凝視40.靜41.消滅42.結(jié)果43.表明,代表44.幫助45.獲得,得到46.禮品,禮物47.愚蠢48.地區(qū)49.會(huì)議,集會(huì)50.成就,功績(jī)
26.增加
increase:Tomakeorbecomelargerinamountornumber.
itreferstoquantityorintensityaswellassize.
Thepopulationofthiscountyhasincreased.
add:Toputtogetherwithsomethingelsesoastoincreasethe
numbersize,importance.
Headdedsomewoodtoincreasethefire.
(擴(kuò)大)enlarge:Togrownlargerorwider.
Iwanttoenlargethisphotograph/house.
(放大)magnify:Tomakesomethingappearlargerthaninreality,esp.bymeansofalens.
Youhavemagnifiedtheperil.
(擴(kuò)充)amplify:Tomakelargeorfuller,esp.givefullerinformation,moredetailsetc.
toamplifyaradiosignal/sound.
augment:(fml)Tobecomelargerorgreater.
Itemphasizestheactionofaddition.
Heaugmentedhisincomebywritingsomeshortstories.
(擴(kuò)展擴(kuò)張)expand:Toincreaseinrangescopeorvolumeaswellasinsize.Ironexpandswhenitisheated.
(加長(zhǎng))extend:Tomakelongerinspaceortime,toextendarailway.
Cantyouextendyourvisitforafewdays.
27.笑
(微笑)
smile:Thecornersofyourmouthmoveoutwardsandslightlyupwards.
Hesmileshisconsent./withsatisfaction.
(大笑)laugh:Tomakeanoisetoshowonesamusementand
happiness.Youcanlaughatajokeoratanamusingsight.Youcanlaughatsomeonewithoutbeingamused.
Theyalllaughedloudly.
(露齒而笑)grin:Tosmilewiththeteeth.
TheboygrinnedfromeartoearwhenIgavehima
sweet.
(暗笑含笑)chuckle:Tolaughquietly.
Icouldhearhimchucklingtohimselfasheread
thatfunnyarticle.
(咯咯笑)giggle:Tolaughrepeatedlyfoolishlyanduncontrollably,esp.bygirls.
IheardthemgigglewhenIpassedbythegirls.
(竊笑暗笑)snicker:Tolaughinadisrespectfulmoreorlesssecretway.
Onhearinghisabsurdopinion,Iwentsnickering.
(假笑癡笑)simper:Tosmileinasillyunnaturalway.
WhenItoldhimthething,hesimplysimpered.
(得意的笑)smirk:Tosmileinafalseortoosatisfiedway.
Hesmirkedateveryonethatpassed.
(竊笑)titter:Tolaughveryquietlyfromnervousnessorbadly
controlledamusement.
Thegirlstitteredwhentheyheardthis.
(狂笑)guffaw:Tolaughloudlyandrudely.
Allthepeopleguffawedathissillywords.
(哄笑)roar:Tolaughlongandloudly.
Theyroaredaftertheyheardthejoke.
(歡笑)chortle:Togivealaughofpleasureorsatisfaction.
HechortledwithdelightwhenItoldhimthenews.
(笑罵)taunt:Totrytomakesbangry,orupsetbymakingunkind
remarks,laughingatfaultsorfailures.
Theytauntedherwithherinabilitytoswim.
(嘲笑嘲弄)ridicule:Tolaughunkindlyatortomakeunkindfunof.
Theyallridiculedtheidea.
(譏笑)deride:Tolaughatormakefunofasofnovalue./tomock
atsomeonewithcontemptTheyallderidedhisfoolishness.
(嘲弄)mock:Tolaughatsb(sth)whenitiswrongtodoso,esp.
bycopyinginafunnyorcontemptuousway.
Thestudentsmockedtheseriousnessofhisexpression.
twit:(infl)Tomakefunofsbbecauseofbehavior,amistake,afault,etc.
Hetwittedherwithhertimidity.
(嘲笑輕蔑地笑)scoff:Tolaughat,tospeakoractdisrespectfully./to
speakinscornfulmockingway.
Itwasagreatinventionbutatfirstmanypeoplescoffedatit.
(戲弄)
chaff:(infl)Tomakefunofsbinagood-humoredway.
HechaffedthemanabouthismistakesinspeakingEnglish.
(譏笑)jeer:Tolaughrudelyat/toinsultsbinaloud,unpleasantway.
Theyalwaysjeeratthepriests.
gibe(jibe):Tolaughatwiththeintentionofhurtingthefeelingwithsarcasticremarks.
Dontgibeatherbehavioruntilyouknowthereasonforit.
(譏笑冷笑)sneer:Toexpressprouddislikebyakindofusu,one-side
smileortoshowscornorcontemptbylooks.
Shesneeredatthefurnitureinhisneighborshome.
joke:Tomakefunof.
Youmustntjokewithhimaboutreligion.
(取笑)jest:Toactorspeakplayful,notseriously.
Dontjestaboutseriousthings.
(戲弄)banter:Tospeak,oractplayfullyorjokingly.
Webanteredhimonthesubjectofmarriage.
(輕視)scorn:Tolookdownupon.
28.瘋
mad:Showingthatonehasamanitaillnesswhichoftencausesthemtobehaveinstrangeway.
crazy:(infl)Verystrangeorfoolish.
psychotic:Themostpreciseone.usedbypsychiatrists.
insaneNotsoundinmind.usedinscientificarticles.
lunatic:(oldderog)wildlyfoolish.
dementedItindicatessbsmentalityhasdegeneratedfromapreciouslevel.
maniac:(n)Amadpersonwhoisviolentanddangerous.
29.味道
smell:Themostgeneralone.
Itreferstosomethingpleasantorunpleasant.
odo(u)r:(fml)Moreusedinscientificarticles.
fragrance:Asweetorpleasantsmell.
Itreferstoflowersandstressesadelicatesmellfromplants.
Thoseroseshaveadelightfulfragrance.
scent:Asmellesp.leftbyananimals,anpleasantsmell.
Ourdoglostthefoxsscent.
perfume:Asweetorpleasantsmell.
Itreferstoeithernaturalsmelloraman-madesmellandstressesastrongandrichsmellcomparedwithfragrance
aroma:Astrongusupleasantsmell,oftenaspicysmell.
flavor:Theparticularqualityoftastinggoodorpleasantlystrong.Thebreadhasntmuchflavor.
savor:Thesmelloffoodbytheprocessesofcooking.
Themeathadcookedtoolongandlostitssavor.
stink:Astrongunpleasantsmell.thestinkofsweatyfeet.
stench:Averystrongunpleasantsmell.
30.怕
fear:Thefeelingthatonehaswhendangerisnear.
(可怕)dread:Agreatfearesp.ofsomeharmtocome.
Itsuggestsfearoffacingwhateveriscoming.Usuallydreadalsomeanslossofcourage.
Illnessisthegreatdreadofhislife.
(畏懼)fright:Thefeelingorexperienceoffear.suddengreatfear.
Inearlydiedoffrightatthesightofescapedlion.
(恐慌)alarm:Suddenfearandanxietyascausedbythepossibilityof
dangerandexcitementcausedbyfearofdanger.
Thenewscausedgreatalarm.
(恐懼)terror:Extremeandintensefear.
Thepeopleranfromtheenemyinterror.
(恐怖戰(zhàn)栗)horror:Afeelingofgreatshock,fearanddislike.
IcriedoutinhorrorasIsawthemankilled.
(驚恐萬(wàn)狀)panic:Suddenuncontrollablequickly-spreadingfearorterror,whichresultsinunreasonableandfranticactivity.
WhenIrealizedthesituationIgotintoapanic.
(敬畏)awe:Afeelingrespectmixedwithfearandwonder.
Healwaysstandsinaweofhisfather.
31.閃光
shine:Themostgeneralone.
(閃耀)glitter:Toshinebrightlywithflashingpointsoflight.
Allthatglittersisnotgold.
(發(fā)火花)sparkle:Toshineinsmallflashes.
Itsuggestsuneven,brightflashesreflectedfromlight-catchingobjects.
Wecanseeadiamondsparklinginthesunlight.
(閃光)flash:Togiveoutasuddenandmonetarybrightrayoflight/
Toshinesuddenlyforamoment.
(閃耀)glisten:Toshinefromorasiffromawetsurface.
Hishairglistenedwithoil.Thewetroadglistened.
(閃爍)gleam:Tosendoutabrightlightmoderately,mildlynotviolently.
Acatseyegleamedinthedark.Thelanterngleamed.
(冒火花)spark:Tosendoutsmallbitsoffire.
Hewassoangrythathiseyessparkedfuriously.高@考@資@源@網(wǎng)
(閃爍不定)flicker:Toburnunsteadily,shinewithanunsteadylight.
Thecandleflickeredandthenwentout.
glimmer:Togiveaveryfaint,unsteadylight.
Thelightsglimmeredinthedistance.
(閃爍)twinkle:Toshinewithaunsteadylightthatrapidlychangesfromfrighttofaint.
Thestarsaretwinklingintheskyintheevening.
glow:Togiveoutheatand/orlightwithoutflamesorsmoke.
Theironbarwasheateduntilitglowed.
(閃爍)glint:Togiveoutsmallflashesoflight,astheeyesofaneagerpersonaresupposedtodo
Thesunglintedthroughtheleavesaftertheshower.
(眩光)glare:Toshinewithastronglightinawayunpleasanttotheeyes.
Thelightsofthecarglaredatme.
flame:Toburnbrightly.
Youcanseetheburninglogflaming.
(冒火苗)blaze:Toburnwithabrightflame.
thehouseisblazing.
(閃閃燃燒)flare:Toburnwithabrightflame,butuncertainlyorforashorttime.
Thecandlesflaredinthewind.
dazzle:Tomakeunabletoseebecauseofasuddenverystronglight.
Theheadlightdazzles.高@考@資@源@網(wǎng)
coruscate:(fml)toflash,sparkle.
Thesparkscoruscated.
scintillate:
Thegemsscintillate.
32.大
big:Largeinsize,extentorimportant.
large:Muchbiggerthanaverage
great:Verylarge,important,andgood.
greatchange/greatwriter/greatidea.
huge:Veryfiginsize,amountanddegree.
Itstressesvolume.(體積)
ahugehouse/makeahugeprofit.
vast:Verylargeandwide,greatinsizeoramount.
Itstressesarea.(體積)twodimensionalextensions
Itisavastexpanseofdesert.高@考@資@源@網(wǎng)
vastplains/vastmajority/atvastexpanse.
immense:Verygreatinsizeordegree./verylargeorhuge.
Itstressesthreedimensionallargesse.
Itimpliesimmeasurableness.
animmensepalace/immenseimportance
Thegovernmentwillbuildanimmensestadium.
enormous:Extremelylarge./verylargeinsize,amountordegree.
Itstressesnotonlysizebutdegree.
Itimpliesabnormality.
Heearnedenormoussumsofmoney
anenormousanimal/enormousappetite/enormousamount
tremendous:Extraordinarilylargeinsize,amountordegree./largeorimpressive
Itimpliesastonishment,terror.
tremendousspeed/tremendousnoise/tremendousamount/tremendousfeeling.
gigantic:Immenseinsize,onaverylargescalelikeagiant.
titanic:Verybigorimportant.高@考@資@源@網(wǎng)
ItrefersbacktotheTitans,araceofgiantinGreekmythology.Itstressesforceandpower.
Wevemadetitanicefforttoachieveourpurpose.
colossal:Verylargeindeed.
ItcomesfromColossusofRhodesahugestatuethatis
oneofthewondersoftheancientworld.
Itimpliesincredibility.
33.感情
feeling(s):Itcanrefertomindorbody.Itseitherpleasantorpainful.
(感覺(jué))sensation:(ucn)Adirectfeelingcomingfromthesensesandconveyedtothenervoussystembytheorgansofseeing,hearing,touching,tastingorsmelling.Sugargivesasensationofsweetness.
(激情)emotion:(cn)AnyofthestrongfeelingsofthehumanspiritLove,joy,anger,hatredandgriefareemotions.
Hisspeechhadaneffectonouremotionsratherthanourreason.
(強(qiáng)烈的激情)passion:Strongemotions,strong,deepoftenuncontrollable
feeling,esp.ofsexuallove,hatredoranger.
Thepoetexpressedhisburningpassionforthewomanheloved.
(情操情趣)sentiment:(ucn)Atenderorfinefeelingasofpity,love,sadnessorimaginativeremembranceofthepast.
Itsnotabeautifulwatch,butIwearitforsentimentbecauseitismyfathers.Admiration,patriotismandloyaltyaresentiments.
34.工作職業(yè)
work:(un)Averygeneralone.
job:(cn)Anysortofgainfulregularemploymentwhether
permanentortemporary.
Hehadagoodjoginabank.
profession:Itsuggestsapositionthatcantbegainedwithoutaconsiderableamountofhighereducation.
Itimpliesintellectualwork,scholarshipandmainlyreferstothreelearnedprofessions-law,medicineandtheology.
Whatdoyouthinkoftheprofessiontobeateacher?
occupation:Whatheisengagedin,eithercontinuouslyortemporarily,foranypurpose,whetherofprofitofamusement,learning.
Canyoufindoccupationsuitableforhisabilities.
employment:(un)Whatoneisdoing,workdoneinserviceofanotherinordertomakealivingorgetpay./temporarybusiness,
Thegovernmentgivessomemoneytotheworkeroutofemployment.
vocation:(cn)Ajobwhichonedoesbecauseonethinksonehasaspecialfitnessorabilityorsenseofduty.
Itsuggeststhepeopledoitinordertohelpothersnotfortheearningofalivelihood.teachingandnursing.Teachingchildrenoughtorbeavocationaswellasawayofearningmoney.
position:(fml)Ajob,post,usuallyinvolvingprofessionsmanagerialorclericalwork,notmanual.
Shegotapositionasagoverness.
Helosthispositionassteward.
35.停止高@考@資@源@網(wǎng)
stop:Themostgeneralone.
pause:Tostopforashorttime.
Hepausedtopickupastone.
cease:Tostopmovingoracting.
Itimpliesatotalextinction.
Theyceased(from)quarrelling.toceasefire.
quit:Tostopdoingsomethingandleave.
Itimpliesthemeaningof"voluntarilyandcompletely."
Hequittedhisschool/job.
halt:Tocausetostop.
Itreferstotheabrupt,decisiveterminationofmovement.
Itimpliesthemeaningof"byauthorityorforce."
Thesoldiershaltedforarest.
knockoff:(infm)Tostop
terminate:Tocometoanend.
Thetwocountriesterminatedtheirrelations.
36.持久
durable:Long-lasting
Itreferstothepowertoresistchange,delayandwear.
wemustmakeadurablepeace.
(ever)-lasting:Continuingforalongtime/unending.
Itreferstosomethingthatmayendsoonerorlater.alastingsorrow/aever-lastingfriendship.
perpetual:(strongestone)Lastingforeveroralongtime.
/uninterruptedhappeningoften.Itreferschieflytoanactivitythatisnotsusceptibletointerruption.
Imtiredofyourperpetualcomplainants/chatters.
permanent:Lastingforever.
Thepermanentofthetreatyisindoubt.
enduring:Lastingandcontinuingtoexist.
Itimpliesgreatresistancetobothtimeandchange.
37.旅行
journey:Themostgeneralone.
itisnowusuallyusedoftravelbysandandoften
suggeststhecoveringofconsiderabletimeordistance,andadirectgoingfromastartingpointtoadestination,withnonecessaryimplicationofareturn.
travel:Apassingfromplacetoplace,notnecessarilyinadirectlineorwithfixeddestination.
trip:(infm)Itsuggeststhecoveringofshortertimeordistanceandadirectjourneyandimpliesanfinalreturntothestartingpoint.
tour:Ajourneythatreturnstothestartingpoint,andmanyplacesarevisitedgenerallyoveraconsiderabledistanceoftenbymeansofacircuitousroute.forinstanceforsightseeing,inspection,honeymoon,business.
excursion:Itemphasizesatemporarydeparturefromagivenplaceandspecifiesareturntoit.Itcanpointtoaseaorlandtourortoashortoutingashortjourneymadeforpleasureusubyseveralpeopletogether.
voyage:Alongjourneyonashiporinaspacecraft.
38.抓,握
grasp:Totakeholdofsomethingfirmlyusuusingthewholehand.Graspallandloseall.
Hegraspedherbythehand.
clasp:Toholdsomethingfirmlyandtightlywithonesarmsorhandround.
Thechildclaspedhisdollprotectively.
clutch:Tograspsomethingquicklyandgreedily.高@考@資@源@網(wǎng)
Itsuggestseagernessorananxietyinseizingorgraspingandmayimplieslesssuccessinholding.
Themotherclutchedherbabyinhisarms.
seize:Totakeholdofsuddenlywithforce.Theanimalseizeditsprey.
toseizesbbythehand/toseizesomethingfromsb.
snatch:Tograspsomethingquicklyandsuddenlysometimessecretly
Itsuggestsmoresuddennessorquicknessbutlessforcethanseize.
Thethiefsnatchedherpurseandranaway.
grab:(infml)Itimpliesmoreroughnessandrudenessthansnatch.Shegrabbedhisarmsandpulledhimoutoftheroom.
grip:Totakeaverytightholdofsomethingesp.withyourfingersorwithatool.
Hegrippedthenailandpulleditout.
39.看凝視
see:Toexperiencewiththeeyesanditdoesnotdependonwhatyouwanttodo.
lookat:Touseyoureyesonpurposeandwithattention.
watch:tolookforsometimeatsomethingthatmaymove.
gaze:Tolooklongandsteadily,oftenwiththeimplicationof
wonder,admiration.
stare:Togazeintentlyesp.withwide-openeyesasinamusement,
admiration,wonder,deepthought,angerorfear.
glance:Tolookatsomethingquicklyandbriefly.
glimpse:Toseebychance,justforamoment.
glare:Tostareangrily,fiercely.
Itemphasizeshospitalityorfear.
peep:Tolookquicklyandsecretlyorfromahidingplace.
peer:Tolooksharplyandcuriouslywithanarrowingoftheeyes
oftenamovementoftheheadforward.
gape:Tolookhardinsurprise,esp.withthemouthopen.
40.靜
quiet:Withoutanysound.Aquietpersonisnotnoisyorloud.Aquietstreetmayhavelittleornotrafficonit.
still:Withoutanymovement.
Anengineisstillifitisnotrunning.
silent:Withoutanywords.
calm:Peaceful.Acalmpersonisrelaxed.Hedoesntgetexcitedeasily.
peaceful:(something)Gentleandrestfulandcalm.
Itisverypeacefulinthecountry.
41.消滅
destroy:Todamageitsomuchthatitiscompletelyruined.
Theenemysoldiersdestroyedeverythinginsightwhentheycapturedthevillage.
damage:Tohurtorlowerthevalueofsomething.
Thecarwasdamagedintheaccident.
ruin:Todestroygradually,littlebylittle.Anobjectthathasbeenruinedhaslostallitsvalueorusefulness,whichcantberepairedorfixed.
Mothsruinedgoodwoolenclothesbyeatingholesinthem.
spoil:Toruinsomethingsoitcantbeused.
Milkwillspoilifitisnotkeptcold.
demolish:Todestroybigorsubstantialthingssuchasbuildings
Manybuildingshadtobedemolishedbeforethenewhighwaycouldbebuilt.
exterminate:Todestroyinabigwayorinlargeamount.高@考@資@源@網(wǎng)
wreck:Tobreakit,destroyit,orspoilitcompletely.
Itusuallyreferstovesselsorvehicles.
42.結(jié)果
result:Themostgeneralone.
Whathappensbecauseofsomethingelse.
Itindicatesastrictcausallinkbetweenthetwoevents.
Thewordmayoftensuggestanearlieraction
deliberatelytakentogainaparticulargoal.Itsuggestsauniqueorunpredictableone-timeaction.
consequence:(fml)Somethingthatfollowsfromanactionorcondition.
Moreoftenthewordsuggestsanegativeresultoratleastthenegativeconcomitant(相伴的)ofanotherwisedesirableeffect.
Cancerisaconsequenceofsmoking.
effect:Aspecialorparticularresult.
Itgivesamoreobjectivealmostscientifictoneandemphasizesaprinciplethatunderliesachainofevents.
Didthemedicalhaveagoodeffect.
43.表明代表
mean:Themostgeneralone
show:Toshowthatsomethingexistsoristruemeanstoproveit.Itreferstotheagreed-uponideasorthingthatwordsorsignsstandfor.
suggest:Tocausetocometomind.
Itbycontrastconcentratesspecificallyoncovertor
implicitqualitiesorassociationinsignsorlanguage.
Itstressestentativealternativesinmeaning.
Heclaimstomeanonething,buthischoiceofwordssuggestsquiteanother.
Thesightofbirdssuggestedanewideaforflyingmachine.
indicate:Tomakeasignfor/clear.
Itstressesaroughapproximationofliteralmeaning.
Ahighfeverindicatessevereillness.
HisanswerindicatedthatIcouldleave.
imply:Toexpressindirectly.
Itstressessubtletyorcomplexityofassociation.
Hismannerimpliesthathewouldlikeconewithus.
Doyourealizewhathiswordsimply?
denote:Tobeamarkof.
Itspeciallyreferstowhatatermstrictlyorliterallymeans.
Thesignxdenotesanunknownnumber.
Asmileoftendenotespleasure.
Thesign"="denotesthattwothingsareequal.
connote:(moreformalandtechnical)Itreferstoallthepossibleassociationsthatareimpliedorsuggestedbyaterm.Connoteiscloserinmeaningtoimplythansuggest.signify:Tobeasignof.
Itsuggestsasimpleliteralmeaningandstressesanyaspectofconveyedunderstandings.Sometimesthewordisusedespeciallytorefertothedeepestimportofanexpressionthantomoreobviousorsuperficialaspects高@考@資@源@網(wǎng)
Hesignifiedhisagreementbynodding.
Afeverusuallysignifiesadisorderofthebody.
symbolize:Torepresentbyoneormoresymbols.
Itsuggestsarichclusterofabstractconceptsthatareinvestedinaword,gestureorobjectandstressesadeliberatecompressionofcomplexideaintoaconcretetokenthatstandsforthem.
Thedovesymbolizespeace.
Thesign"+"symbolizesadditioninarithmetic.
44.幫助
help:Thegeneralone.tosupplywhateversomeoneneedsordowhatevermightbeusefultohim.
assist:Toco-operatewithsbnottakinganimportantpart.
Heassistedthedoctorintheoperation.
aid:(notfollowedinfinitive)Tohelpsbwhoisweakorisin
troublewhowantedverymuchbyaddingyourworktohisinordertodosomething.
TheRedCrossoftenaidsfloodvictims.
45.獲得,得到
get:Themostgeneralone.
obtain:(fml)Itstressestheseekingoutofsomething.
gain:togetgradually.
Itindicatesgreatereffortintheseekingprocess,forceful
seizure.
Hegainedtheprizebecauseofhisgoodwork.
acquire:Togetforoneselfbyonesownwork,skillactionpiecebypiecelittlebylittle.
HeacquiredgoodknowledgeofEnglishbyhardwork.
attain:Tomanagetoachieve,tosucceedinarrivingat.
Heattainedthepositionofminister.
procure:Itimpliesmaneuveringtoprocesssomethingandsuggestsinvolved,
contrivedorevenshady(unjust)dealings.
46.禮品,禮物
present:Itshowsafriendlyandrespectfulattitudeususubstantialthings.
gift:Itshowssomethingwhichisgivenvoluntarilygivenwithout
expectationofreturnorcompensation.
47.愚蠢
silly:Foolishorchildish
asillyboy/story/fellow/question/mistake,sillyremarks.
foolish:Verysillyorunwise
afoolishact/child/oldman,foolishpeople.
stupid:Showinglackofgoodjudgmentorintelligenceandnotatall
sensible.
astupididea/mistake/person/act.
48.地區(qū),地域
zone:Aparticularpartofsomethingoraparticularplace.
area:Asmallorlargepartnotthoughtofafixedlanddivision.
Aplaygroundisanoutsidearea.
region:Usuallypartofacountryusuallylargemayormaynot
bethoughtofasfixedlanddivision.
Adesertisabarrenregion.
district:Afixedlanddivisionusuallysmallerthanregion.
WeliveinHongkouDistrictofShanghai.
49.會(huì)議集會(huì)
meeting:Themostgeneralone.anygatheringofseveralormanypeopleinoneplaceatacertaintime.Ameetingcanbelargeorsmall,longorshirt.Itisusuallyplannedaheadoftime.
(年會(huì))convention:Anannualmeetingofanorganizationorpoliticalgroup.
(討論會(huì))conference:Ameetingatwhichtwoormorepeoplehaveanformaldiscussionandexchangeviewsonasubject.
(代表大會(huì))congress:Aformalmeetingofrepresentativesofsocietiesorcountriestoexchangeinformationandopinion.
(集會(huì))assembly:Agroupofpeoplewhohavegatheredtogetherforameetingforthepurposeofbeinginformed,beingentertainedormakinggroupdecisions.
(協(xié)商會(huì))council:Ameetingofasmallgroupofpeoplechosenfromalargegrouptoserveasadvisersorconsultants.
50.成就,功績(jī)
achievement:Somethingwhichonesucceedindoingesp.afteralotofeffortusuallydangerousordifficult.
Thefirstspaceflightwasagreatachievement.
accomplishment:Theskillthatpeoplehaverequired.Itissomethingthattookknowledgeand,usually,hardwork.Whenyouhavesolvedahardarithmeticproblemorlearnedtofigureout,youcanbeproudofyouraccomplishment.
Amonghismanyaccomplishmentsistheabilitytoplaycardtricks.
feat:Itrequiresmorecourageandstrength.Itappliestomentalactsaswellphysicalacts.
Learninganewskillisafeat.
exploit:Anaccomplishmentthatrequiresevengreaterdaringandheroismthanafeat.
Oldstoriestellabouttheexploitsoffamousheroes.
高三英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞語(yǔ)法
俗話說(shuō),磨刀不誤砍柴工。作為高中教師就要精心準(zhǔn)備好合適的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠在教學(xué)期間跟著互動(dòng)起來(lái),幫助授課經(jīng)驗(yàn)少的高中教師教學(xué)。那么如何寫(xiě)好我們的高中教案呢?下面的內(nèi)容是小編為大家整理的高三英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞語(yǔ)法,歡迎您閱讀和收藏,并分享給身邊的朋友!
4.形容詞和副詞4.1形容詞及其用法
形容詞修飾名詞,說(shuō)明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。通常,可將形容詞分成性質(zhì)形容詞和敘述形容詞兩類(lèi),其位置不一定都放在名詞前面。
1)直接說(shuō)明事物的性質(zhì)或特征的形容詞是性質(zhì)形容詞,它有級(jí)的變化,可以用程度副詞修飾,在句中可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。例如:hot。
2)敘述形容詞只能作表語(yǔ),所以又稱(chēng)為表語(yǔ)形容詞。這類(lèi)形容詞沒(méi)有級(jí)的變化,也不可用程度副詞修飾。大多數(shù)以a開(kāi)頭的形容詞都屬于這一類(lèi)。例如:afraid害怕的。
?。ㄥe(cuò)) Heisanillman.
?。▽?duì)) Themanisill.
?。ㄥe(cuò)) Sheisanafraidgirl.
?。▽?duì)) Thegirlisafraid.
這類(lèi)詞還有:well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake等。
3)形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí),要放在名詞的前邊。但是如果形容詞修飾以-thing為字尾的詞語(yǔ)時(shí),要放在這些詞之后。例如:somethingnice.
4.2以-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞
1)大部分形容詞加-ly可構(gòu)成副詞。但friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍為形容詞。
改錯(cuò):(錯(cuò))Shesanglovely.
?。ㄥe(cuò))Hespoketomeveryfriendly.
?。▽?duì))Hersingingwaslovely.
(對(duì))Hespoketomeinaveryfriendlyway.
2)有些以-ly結(jié)尾既為形容詞,也為副詞,如daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early等。例如:
TheTimesisaweeklypaper.《時(shí)代周刊》為周刊。
TheTimesispublishedweekly.《時(shí)代周刊》每周發(fā)行一期。
4.3用形容詞表示類(lèi)別和整體
1)某些形容詞加上定冠詞可以泛指一類(lèi)人,與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)連接,如thedead,theliving,therich,thepoor,theblind,thehungry等。例如:
Thepoorarelosinghope.窮人行將失去希望。
2)有關(guān)國(guó)家和民族的形容詞加上定冠詞指這個(gè)民族的整體,與動(dòng)詞的復(fù)數(shù)連用,如theBritish,theEnglish,theFrench,theChinese等。例如:
TheEnglishhavewonderfulsenseofhumor.英國(guó)人頗有幽默感。
4.4多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞的順序
多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí),其順序?yàn)椋合薅ㄔ~--數(shù)詞--描繪詞--(大小,長(zhǎng)短,形狀,新舊,顏色)--出處--材料性質(zhì)--類(lèi)別--名詞。例如:
asmallroundtable/atallgraybuilding/adirtyoldbrownshirt/afamousGermanmedicalschool/anexpensiveJapanesesportscar
典型例題:
1)Tonyisgoingcampingwith___boys.
A. littletwoother B.twolittleotherC. twootherlittle D. littleothertwo
答案:C。由"限定詞--數(shù)詞--描繪詞--(大小,長(zhǎng)短,形狀,新舊,顏色)--性質(zhì)--名詞"的順序可知數(shù)詞,描繪詞,性質(zhì)依次順序,只有C符合答案。
2)Onedaytheycrossedthe____bridgebehindthepalace.
A.oldChinesestone B.Chineseoldstone C.oldstoneChinese D.Chinesestoneold
答案A.幾個(gè)形容詞修飾一個(gè)名詞,他們的排列順序是:年齡,形狀,大小+顏色+來(lái)源+質(zhì)地+用途+國(guó)家+名詞。
3)----HowwasyourrecentvisittoQingdao?
----Itwasgreat.Wevisitedsomefriends,andspentthe___daysattheseaside.
A.fewlastsunny B.lastfewsunny C.lastsunnyfew D.fewsunnylast
答案:B。本題考查多個(gè)形容詞的排序問(wèn)題。一般與被修飾形容詞關(guān)系密切的形容詞靠近名詞;如果幾個(gè)形容詞的重要性差不多,音節(jié)少的形容詞在前,音節(jié)多的方在后,在不能確定時(shí),可參照:限定詞+數(shù)量詞(序數(shù)詞在前,基數(shù)詞在后)+性狀形容詞+大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低等形體+新舊+顏色+國(guó)籍+材料+名詞,如those+three+beautiful+large+square+old+brown+wood+table。
4.5副詞及其基本用法
副詞主要用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞或其他結(jié)構(gòu)。
一、副詞的位置
1)在動(dòng)詞之前。
2)在be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后?!?br> 3)多個(gè)助動(dòng)詞時(shí),副詞一般放在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞后。
注意:
a.大多數(shù)方式副詞位于句尾,但賓語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng),副詞可以提前,以使句子平衡。例如:
Wecouldseeveryclearlyastrangelightaheadofus.我們清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。
b.方式副詞well,badly,hard等只放在句尾。例如:
HespeaksEnglishwell.他英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好。
二、副詞的排列順序:
1)時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)副詞,小單位的在前,大單位在后。
2)方式副詞,短的在前,長(zhǎng)的在后,并用and或but等連詞連接。例如:
Pleasewriteslowlyandcarefully.請(qǐng)寫(xiě)得慢一些,仔細(xì)一些
3)多個(gè)不同副詞排列:程度+地點(diǎn)+方式+時(shí)間副詞。
注意:副詞very可以修飾形容詞,但不能修飾動(dòng)詞。
改錯(cuò):(錯(cuò)) IverylikeEnglish.
(對(duì)) IlikeEnglishverymuch.
注意:副詞enough要放在形容詞的后面,形容詞enough放在名詞前后都可。例如:
Idontknowhimwellenough.他我不熟悉。
Thereisenoughfoodforeveryonetoeat.有足夠的食物供每個(gè)人吃。
Thereisfoodenoughforeveryonetoeat.
4.6兼有兩種形式的副詞
1)close與closely
close意思是"近";closely意思是"仔細(xì)地"。例如:
Heissittingclosetome.他就坐在我邊上。
Watchhimclosely.盯著他。
2)late與lately
late意思是"晚";lately意思是"最近"。例如:
Youhavecometoolate.你來(lái)得太晚了。
Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?近來(lái)好嗎?
3)deep與deeply
deep意思是"深",表示空間深度;deeply時(shí)常表示感情上的深度,"深深地"。
如:Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.他把棍子深深插進(jìn)泥里。
Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.老爸也被電影深深打動(dòng)了。
4)high與highly
high表示空間高度;highly表示程度,相當(dāng)于much。例如:
Theplanewasflyinghigh.這架飛機(jī)飛得很高。
Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.你的看法很有道理。
5)wide與widely
wide表示空間寬度;widely意思是"廣泛地","在許多地方"。例如:
Heopenedthedoorwide.他把門(mén)開(kāi)得大大的。
Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.英語(yǔ)在世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛使用。
6)free與freely
free的意思是"免費(fèi)";freely的意思是"無(wú)限制地"。例如:
Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.無(wú)論什么時(shí)候,我這飯鋪免費(fèi)對(duì)你開(kāi)放。
Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.你可以暢所欲言,想說(shuō)什么就說(shuō)什么。
4.7形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)
大多數(shù)形容詞(性質(zhì)形容詞)和副詞有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化,即原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),用來(lái)表示事物的等級(jí)差別。原級(jí)即形容詞的原形,比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。
1)規(guī)則變化
單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞,加詞尾-er,-est來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。
構(gòu)成法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)
一般單音節(jié)詞未尾加-er,-esttalltallertallest
以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的單音詞和少數(shù)以-le結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞只加-r,-stnicenicernicest
以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞,雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾的輔音字母,再加-er,-estbigbiggerbiggest
"以輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,改y為i,再加-er,-estbusybusierbusiest
少數(shù)以-er,-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞未尾加-er,-estclever/narrowcleverer/narrowercleverest/narrowest
其他雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞,在前面加more,most來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)important/easilymoreimportant/moreeasilymostimportant/mosteasily
2)不規(guī)則變化
原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)
goodbetterbest
well(健康的)worseworst
bad
ill(有病的)
oldolder/elderoldest/eldest
much/manymoremost
littlelessleast
farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest
4.8.as+形容詞或副詞原級(jí)+as
1)在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中可用so…as。例如:
Hecannotrunso/asfastasyou.他沒(méi)你跑得快。
2)當(dāng)as…as中間有名詞時(shí)采用以下格式:as+形容詞+a+單數(shù)名詞/as+many/much+名詞。例如:
Thisisasgoodanexampleastheotheris.這個(gè)例子和另外一個(gè)一樣好。
Icancarryasmuchpaperasyoucan.你能搬多少紙,我也能。
3)用表示倍數(shù)的詞或其他程度副詞做修飾語(yǔ)時(shí),放在as的前面。例如:
Thisroomistwiceasbigasthatone.這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。
Yourroomisthesamesizeasmine. 你的房間和我的一樣大。
4)倍數(shù)+as+adj.+as =倍數(shù)+the…+of。例如:
Thisbridgeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.這座橋的長(zhǎng)度是那座的三倍。
Thisbridgeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.
Yourroomistwiceaslargeasmine.你的房間是我的兩倍大。
Yourroomistwicethesizeofmine.
4.9比較級(jí)形容詞或副詞+than。
如:YouaretallerthanI.你比我高。
Theylightsinyourroomarebrighterthanthoseinmine.你房間的那些燈比我房間里的亮。
注意:
1)要避免重復(fù)使用比較級(jí)。
(錯(cuò))Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother.
(對(duì))Heismorecleverthanhisbrother.
(對(duì))Heiscleverthanhisbrother.
2)要避免將主語(yǔ)含在比較對(duì)象中。
(錯(cuò))ChinaislargerthananycountryinAsia.
(對(duì))ChinaislargerthananyothercountriesinAsia.
3)要注意對(duì)應(yīng)句型,遵循前后一致的原則。
ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.
Itiseasiertomakeaplanthantocarryitout.
4)要注意定冠詞在比較級(jí)中的使用。
比較:Whichislarger,CanadaorAustralia?
Whichisthelargercountry,CanadaorAustralia?
Sheistallerthanhertwosisters.
Sheisthetallerofthetwosisters.
4.10可修飾比較級(jí)的詞
1)abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,any,still,even等。
2)還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語(yǔ)。
3)以上詞(除byfar)外,必須置于比較級(jí)形容詞或副詞的前面。
典型例題:
1)----Areyoufeeling____? ----Yes,Imfinenow.
A.anywell B.anybetter C.quitegood D.quitebetter
答案:B.any可修飾比較級(jí),quite修飾原級(jí),well的比較級(jí)為better.
2)Theexperimentwas____easierthanwehadexpected.
A. more B. muchmoreC. much D. moremuch
答案:C. much可修飾比較級(jí),因此B,C都說(shuō)得通,但easier本身已是比較級(jí),不需more,因此C為正確答案。
3)Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave___atschool.
A.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertime C.muchhappiesttime D. amuchhappiertime
答案:D。
4.11many,old和far
1)如果后接名詞時(shí),muchmore+不可數(shù)名詞,manymore+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)?!?br> 2)old有兩種比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式:older/oldest和elder/eldest。elder,eldest只用于兄弟姐妹的長(zhǎng)幼關(guān)系。例如:
Myelderbrotherisanengineer.我哥哥是個(gè)工程師。
Maryistheeldestofthethreesisters.瑪麗是三姐妹中最大的。
3)far有兩種比較級(jí),farther,further。一般father表示距離,further表示進(jìn)一步。如:Ihavenothingfurthertosay.我沒(méi)什么要說(shuō)了。
4.12the+最高級(jí)+比較范圍
1)形容詞最高級(jí)前通常必須用定冠詞the,副詞最高級(jí)前可不用。例如:
TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
形容詞most前面沒(méi)有the,不表示最高級(jí)的含義,只表示"非常"。例如:
Itisamostimportantproblem.=Itisaveryimportantproblem.這是個(gè)很重要的問(wèn)題。
注意:使用最高級(jí)要注意將主語(yǔ)包括在比較范圍內(nèi)。
?。ㄥe(cuò)) Tomisthetallestofhisthreebrothers.
?。▽?duì)) Tomisthetallestofthethreebrothers.
2)下列詞可修飾最高級(jí),byfar,far,much,mostly,almost。例如:
Thishatisnearly/almostthebiggest.這帽子差不多是最大的了。
注意:
a.very可修飾最高級(jí),但位置與much不同。
Thisistheverybest.
Thisismuchthebest.
b.序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級(jí)。例如:
Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent.非洲是第二大洲。
3)最高級(jí)的意義有時(shí)可以用比較級(jí)表示出來(lái)。例如:
Mikeisthemostintelligentinhisclass.馬克是班上最聰明的。
Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentsinhisclass.
4)"否定詞語(yǔ)+比較級(jí)","否定詞語(yǔ)+so…as"結(jié)構(gòu)也可以表示最高級(jí)含義。例如:
Nothingissoeasyasthis.沒(méi)比這更簡(jiǎn)單的了。
=Nothingiseasierthanthis.
=Thisistheeasiestthing.
4.13和more有關(guān)的詞組,
1)themore…themore… 越……就越……。例如:
Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyoullmake.越努力,進(jìn)步越大。
2)moreBthanA=lessAthanB與其說(shuō)A不如說(shuō)B。例如:
Heismorelazythanslowathiswork.=Heislessslowthanlazyathiswork.他工作時(shí),與其說(shuō)是反應(yīng)慢不如說(shuō)是懶。
3)nomore…than…與……一樣……,不比……多。例如:
TheofficialscouldseenomorethantheEmperor.官員們看到的和皇帝一樣多。
noless…than… 與……一樣……。例如:
Heisnolessdiligentthanyou.他和你一樣勤勉。
4)morethan 不只是,非常。例如:
Sheismorethankindtousall.她對(duì)我們非常熱心。
典型例題
1)TheweatherinChinaisdifferentfrom____.
A.inAmerica B.oneinAmerica C.AmericaD.thatinAmerica
答案:D.本題意為"中國(guó)的天氣比美國(guó)熱。"比較的是天氣而不是國(guó)家,C不能選。A沒(méi)有名詞,后句成分不全,排除。B和D中,B中的one常用來(lái)代替可數(shù)名詞,而that可車(chē)以代替不可數(shù)或抽象名詞,所以選D。
2)Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced___tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.
A.astwicemanyB.asmanytwiceC.twiceasmany D.twicemanyas
答案C.此句意為"這個(gè)廠1988能生產(chǎn)的拖拉機(jī)是往年的兩倍"。表示倍數(shù)用"倍數(shù)+as+形容詞原形+as+比較對(duì)象"的句型。所以此句答案為C。
高考英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題教案
高考英語(yǔ)形容詞和副詞語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題教案
形容詞和副詞(新人教版)
形容詞用來(lái)修飾名詞或代詞,表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。副詞是一種用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、全句的詞,說(shuō)明時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念的詞。副詞是一種半虛半實(shí)的詞。副詞可分為:地點(diǎn)副詞、方式副詞、程度副詞、疑問(wèn)副詞和連接副詞。
一、形容詞和副詞的基本用法
(1)這是一座美麗的公園。
Itsabeautifulpark.
(2)這個(gè)動(dòng)物園既生動(dòng)又有趣。
Thezooisbothmovingandinteresting.
(3)誰(shuí)把窗開(kāi)著的?
Wholeftthewindowopen?
形容詞在句中一般作定語(yǔ)(修飾名詞)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。
(4)你是完全對(duì)的。
Youarecompletelyright.
(5)他昨晚很晚才睡覺(jué)。
Hewenttobedlatelastnight.
(6)幸運(yùn)的是,我沒(méi)有被撞倒。
Luckily,Iwasnotknockeddown.
副詞在句中主要作狀語(yǔ),用來(lái)修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞和句子。[]
Hefinallycameback,safeandsound.
形容詞若作狀語(yǔ),表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。
二、形容詞的位置
(7)今天的報(bào)紙沒(méi)有什么新的東西。
Thereisnothingnewintodaysnewspaper.
(8)人民,只有人民,才是創(chuàng)造歷史的動(dòng)力。
Thepeople,andthepeoplealone,arethemotiveforceinthemakingofworldhistory.
(9)你還知道別的什么?
Whatelsedoyouknow?
(10)你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)肩上扛一袋米的人嗎?
Doyouknowthemancarryingabagfullofriceonhisback?
單個(gè)形容詞作前置定語(yǔ),但在下列情況作后置定語(yǔ):
形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí);當(dāng)表語(yǔ)形容詞alone,awake,alive,asleep,alike等作定語(yǔ)時(shí);else常用作疑問(wèn)代詞和不定代詞的后置定語(yǔ);形容詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)時(shí)作后置定語(yǔ)。
3.多個(gè)形容詞排序:
(11)大廳里有一張大的圓會(huì)議桌。
Thereisabigroundconferencetableinthehall.
(12)她丟了一只小的閃亮的黑色皮包。
Shelostasmallshinyblackleatherhandbag.
(13)我想買(mǎi)一輛藍(lán)色德國(guó)賽車(chē)。
IwantedablueGermansportscar.
常見(jiàn)形容詞順序歸納為口訣如下:限定描繪大長(zhǎng)高,形狀年齡與新老,顏色國(guó)籍出材料,作用類(lèi)別往后靠。即:限定詞(冠詞、代詞、數(shù)詞等)+描繪性形容詞(beautiful、interesting…)+大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低形容詞+形狀、年齡、新舊形容詞+顏色、國(guó)籍、出處、材料形容詞+用途、類(lèi)別形容詞+中心名詞??梢院?jiǎn)單地記為:“縣官行令宴國(guó)才?!?br>
三、副詞的用法
1.副詞的種類(lèi)
時(shí)間副詞now,today,recently,late,soon,yet等。
頻率副詞often,always,usually,seldom,frequently等。
地點(diǎn)、方向副詞away,abroad,anywhere,downstairs,home,here,there等。
方式副詞clearly,carefully,alone,high,quickly等。
程度副詞almost,alittle,much,very,rather,quite,fairly,deeply等。
疑問(wèn)連接副詞when,where,why,how等。
否定副詞not,hardly,scarcely,rarely,never等。
其他副詞even,also,only,too,perhaps等。
2.副詞的位置
(14)這本書(shū)是很有趣的。
Thisbookisquiteinteresting.
(15)這男孩已夠大,可以上學(xué)了。
Theboyisoldenoughtogotoschool.副詞修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí),應(yīng)放在被修飾的詞之前,但enough,nearby必須置于其后。
(16)他總是樂(lè)于助人。
Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.
(17)我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了那天。
Iwillneverforgetthatday.
頻率副詞(always,often,usually,never,seldom,hardly,sometimes等)要放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前,be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。
(18)幸運(yùn)的是,他沒(méi)有被淹死而是被解放軍救了起來(lái)。
Fortunately,hewasnotdrownedandwassavedbythePLAmen.
(19)對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō),她的繼母對(duì)她很慈善。
Happilyforher,herstepmotherwaskindtoher.
修飾全句的副詞多置于句首,作評(píng)注性狀語(yǔ)。
分清常用同義與近義形容詞、副詞在表達(dá)中的語(yǔ)義差別。
Heplantedthistreethreeyearsago.
Haveyouseenthemoviebefore?
Heisgoodatsinging,butdoesntfeelwelltoday.
ago、before:ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”;before指以過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)的某時(shí)刻為起點(diǎn)的“以前”。泛指“以前”用before而不用ago。
good、well:與good不同的是,well作形容詞,只能在系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ),表示“身體狀況好”,也作副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。
real、true:形容詞,表“真的”。real強(qiáng)調(diào)真實(shí)存在的而不是幻想的,在句中常作定語(yǔ);true指與事實(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和實(shí)際情況相符合,在句中作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。
詞性辨析
Hewasveryfriendly.
Hejumpedhighinthegameandweallthoughthighlyofhim.
Thethunderwasveryfrightening,sothelittlegirlwasveryfrightened.
(1)下列單詞以“-ly”結(jié)尾,但卻是形容詞而非副詞:lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。
(2)表原義(無(wú)“-ly”)和引申義(有“-ly”)的副詞:close近,closely仔細(xì)地;late晚,lately最近;deep深,表示空間深度,deeply時(shí)常表示感情上的深度,深深地;wide表示空間寬度,widely廣泛地;free免費(fèi),freely無(wú)限制地。
有無(wú)“-ly”意義大不相同的副詞:dead完全,絕對(duì);bedeadasleep;deadly非常;bedeadlytired。
pretty相當(dāng),beprettycertainthat…,prettygood;prettily漂亮地,beprettilydressed;most最,mostly主要地;絕大多數(shù)。
(3)注意某些分詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的形容詞。表示情感類(lèi)的過(guò)去分詞表示心理狀態(tài),而現(xiàn)在分詞則表示性質(zhì),令人……
這類(lèi)詞常見(jiàn)的有:
exciting令人激動(dòng)的
excited感到激動(dòng)的
delighting令人高興的
delighted感到高興的
disappointing令人失望的
disappointed感到失望的
encouraging令人鼓舞的
encouraged感到鼓舞的
pleasing令人愉快的
pleased感到愉快的
puzzling令人費(fèi)解的
puzzled感到費(fèi)解的
satisfying令人滿意的
satisfied感到滿意的
surprising令人驚異的
surprised感到驚異的
worrying令人擔(dān)心的
worried感到擔(dān)心的
四、比較句型
1.原級(jí)句型:A與B相同/不同:as…as…,thesameas,such…as…,notas(so)…as…
(20)我?guī)缀鹾湍隳挲g一樣大。
Iamalmostasoldasyou.
as…as之間一定要用形容詞或副詞原形?!癮s…as”可用almost,quite,just,about,nearly,twice,bynomeans(根本)修飾,置于“as…as”之前。
(21)約翰不像杰克那樣聰明。
Johnisnotas/socleverasJack.
so用以替代第一個(gè)as時(shí),只能用于否定句。
(22)鮑伯和瑪麗讀了一樣多的書(shū)。
BobhasreadasmanybooksasMary.
(23)這瓶子里的水和那瓶子里的水一樣多。[]
Thereisasmuchwaterinthisbottleasinthatbottle.
asmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+as,而asmany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+as。
(24)德語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)一樣也是一門(mén)難的語(yǔ)言。
GermanisasdifficultalanguageasEnglish.
(25)面包是和米飯一樣重要的食物。
Breadisasimportantfoodasrice.
as+adj.+不定冠詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+as;as+adj.+不可數(shù)名詞+as。
2.比較級(jí)+than的句型
(26)她唱得比別人好得多。
Shesingsfar/muchbetterthantheothers.
比較級(jí)前可用much,far,alot,alittle,abit,rather,even,still,agreatdeal等表示程度,但比較級(jí)前不能再用more。
(27)他比班里其他同學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)刻苦。
Hestudiesharderthananyotherstudentinhisclass.
表示不同程度比較時(shí),句子主語(yǔ)不能包括在比較對(duì)象的范圍之內(nèi)。他本身也是學(xué)生,不能用anystudents來(lái)表示比較對(duì)象的范圍。
(28)湯姆的自行車(chē)比吉姆的貴。
TomsbikeismoreexpensivethanJims(=Jimsbike).
(29)北京的天氣比上海冷。(that指代天氣)
TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofShanghai.
比較的對(duì)象要一致,一般說(shuō)來(lái)同等的兩個(gè)事物才能比較。
(30)兩人中他高一點(diǎn)。
Heisthetallerofthetwo.
比較級(jí)范圍是由of引出兩者之間的比較,比較級(jí)前要用定冠詞。
(31)父母之愛(ài),是世間最偉大的愛(ài)。
Thereisnogreaterlovethanthatgivenbyparentsintheworld.
比較級(jí)用于否定句中表示最高級(jí)的意思。
3.最高級(jí)句型(只用于三者或以上的比較)
(32)它們是世界上最大的動(dòng)物。
Theyrethebiggestanimalsintheworld.
形容詞最高級(jí)要加the。
(33)Heisabrighteststudent.
他是一個(gè)非常聰明的學(xué)生。
如不表示比較,也沒(méi)有表示比較范圍的狀語(yǔ),最高級(jí)前用a時(shí),作“十分”、“非?!苯?。
(34)他是班里第二高的男生。
Heisthesecondtallestboyinourclass.
最高級(jí)可用byfar,easily,nearly,bynomeans,序數(shù)詞等修飾,置于最高級(jí)之前。
4.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法的句式
(1)我們的新房子是舊房子的3倍大。
Ournewhousewasthreetimesaslargeastheoldone.
=Ournewhousewastwicelargerthantheoldone.
=Ournewhousewasthreetimesthesizeoftheoldone.
(2)2005年的汽車(chē)產(chǎn)量是2002年的產(chǎn)量的6倍。
Theoutputofcarsin2005is6timesthatof2002.
=Theoutputofcarsin2005is6timeswhatitwasin2002.
倍數(shù)表達(dá)法主要有以下5種:
(1)…倍數(shù)+as+原級(jí)+as…
(2)…倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+than…
(3)…倍數(shù)+thesize/length/weight/heightof…
(4)…倍數(shù)+thatof…
(5)…倍數(shù)+what…
表示倍數(shù)的詞始終在前面。
5.一些固定習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)與句型。
“the+比較級(jí)…,the+比較級(jí)…”結(jié)構(gòu),意為“越……,越……”。
Thehigherthetemperature(is),thegreateristhepressure(=thegreaterthepressureis).
溫度越高,壓力就越大。
“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu),意為“越來(lái)越……”,表示程度逐漸增長(zhǎng)。
Ourlifeisgettingbetterandbetter.
我們的生活越來(lái)越好。
常見(jiàn)的比喻結(jié)構(gòu)有:
asfreeasabird,ashungryasawolf,asstrongasahorse,ascleverasafox,asbusyasabee…
aslongas只要,有……之久;asfaras到……地點(diǎn),就……而言;ashighas高達(dá)……程度;aswellas既……又;asgoodas幾乎
AistoBwhatCistoD.
A和B的關(guān)系就像C和D的關(guān)系。
Airistomanwhatwateristofish.
空氣和人類(lèi)的關(guān)系就像水和魚(yú)的關(guān)系。
Thatlittlegirlismoretiredthanhungry.
那個(gè)小女孩是累了而不是餓了(與其說(shuō)那小女孩餓了,還不如說(shuō)她累了)。
1)more…than…是……而不是……,與其說(shuō)是……不如說(shuō)是……
2)nomorethan=only只不過(guò)(言其少)
notmorethan=atmost不多于,至少(指事實(shí))
nomore…than…和……一樣不……
notmore…than…不比……更……
nolessthan=asmuchas和……一樣多……
nofewerthan=asmanyas和……一樣多
Youcanneverbecarefulenough.=Y(jié)oucanneverbetoocareful.[]
cantbetoo+adj.=cantbe+adj.+enough無(wú)論……都不為過(guò)
高考英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)的用法
作為優(yōu)秀的教學(xué)工作者,在教學(xué)時(shí)能夠胸有成竹,教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案,這是教師需要精心準(zhǔn)備的。教案可以更好的幫助學(xué)生們打好基礎(chǔ),幫助教師提高自己的教學(xué)質(zhì)量。所以你在寫(xiě)教案時(shí)要注意些什么呢?經(jīng)過(guò)搜索和整理,小編為大家呈現(xiàn)“高考英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)的用法”,但愿對(duì)您的學(xué)習(xí)工作帶來(lái)幫助。
Unit6GoodManners
TeachingAims:
1.Tolearnsomeusefulexpressionsabouttablemanners.
2.TocompareChinesetablemannerswithWesterntablemanners
3.ImprovethereadingabilityoftheSs,especiallytheskillsofsummarizingandscanning.
Teachingimportantpoints:
CompareChinesetablemannerswithwesterntablemanners
Teachingdifficultpoints:
Howtoanalyzethetextandgraspthemainideaofeachpart
Teachingmethods:
1.Discussiontocomparetablemannersinchinawiththatinwesterncountries.
2.Fastreadingandcarefulreadingtounderstandthepassageexactly.
3.Pairworkorgroupworktomakeeverystudentworkinclass.
Teachingaids:
Acomputer
Teachingproceduresways:
Step1.Greetingandleading-in.
Torecognizetwodifferenttables
TolistthingsonChineseandWesterndinnertables
Step2.Reading
Activity1skimming
Tolaythetable
Totelldishesusuallyservedatawesterndinnerparty.
Activity2scanning
CompareChinesetablemannerswithWesterntablemanners
Activity3exercise
Judgebehaviorspoliteorimpolite
Activity4passagestructure
Findoutmainideaofeachpart.
Step3:Languagestudy
Learnseveralimportantsentencesandphrases
Step4:Consolidation
AsituationforSstolearnmore
Timetoguidestudentstousewhattheylearntthisclass
Step5:Homework
1.WordStudy(2)onP40.
2.WriteashortpassagetocompareChinesetablemannerswithWesterntablemanners.