小學(xué)語文微課教案
發(fā)表時間：2020-12-09Scienceversusnature(BriefTeachingPlan)Grammarandusage。
Unit3Scienceversusnature(BriefTeachingPlan)Grammarandusage
Teachingobjects:
1.Learntheusageofverb-edformandverb-edphrases
2.Learnthedifferenceandusageofverb-ingandverb-edasadjectives
Teachingprocedures:
StepIIntroduction
Verb-edformcanbeusedlikeanadjectiveoranadverbinasentenceservingas(充當(dāng))attribute(定語),predicative(表語)andobjectcomplement(賓語補(bǔ)足語)
Whentheverb-edformisusedasanattribute,itcanbechangedintoanattributiveclause.Theverb-edformcanalsobeusedasanadverbmodifying(修飾)someverbssuchasstand,sit,lie…etc.toshowthetwoactionshappeningatthesametime.
Pleaseidentifythepartsofspeech(詞性)oftheverb-edformindifferentsentences
1)Thehandwrittennotesarefromjack.
2)Thekidnapperswereusingastolencar.
3)Adark-hairedmanwentintotheroom.
4)Thecakewasleftuntouchedonthetable.
5)Thegirllaytrappedunderthewreckage(船舶殘骸).
StepIItheusageofverb-edform
Thefunctionsofverb-edform
1.attribute(定語)
1)Asingleverb-edcanappearbeforeanounmodifyingthenounlikeanadjective.Itcanbechangedintoanattributiveclause.
Weshoulddrinkboiledwater.=Weshoulddrinkwaterwhichhasbeenboiled
Theytooktheinjuredwomantothenearbyhospitalatonce.
=Theytookthewomanwhowasinjuredtothenearbyhospitalatonce.
2)Generallyspeaking(一般說來),theverb-edformoftransitiveverbs(及物動詞)expressespassivemeaningswhiletheverb-edformofintransitiveverbs(不及物動詞)expressesactiveandpastmeanings.Someverb-edsbeforenounscanexpresspastmeanings,suchasescaped,retiredandfallen.
theescapedcriminal 逃犯past
thedevelopedcountries 發(fā)達(dá)國家past
awidelyusedlanguagepassive
theretiredscientistpast
thehighlypraisedscientistpassive
fallenleaves落葉past
therisensun 升起的太陽past
theexploitedclasses被剝削階級passive
3)Averb-edphrasecanappearafteranountomodifythenounlikeanattributiveclausedoes.
Thenamementionedintheletterwasunknowntome.
=Thenamewhichwasmentionedintheletterwasunknowntome.
Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.
=Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedinthefire.
Scientificexperimentscarriedoutbystudentswithouttheteacher’sinstructionscanbedangerous.
=Scientificexperimentswhicharecarriedoutby……
4)Averb-edcanbepartofacompound(復(fù)合詞)withanadverboranounbeforeit.
aso-calledprofessor一個所謂的教授
homemadepizza自制的比薩餅
awell-acceptedidea廣泛接受的想法
ahighly-respectedprofessor極受尊重的教授
awell-paidjob報酬頗豐的工作
underdevelopedregions不發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)
handmadefurniture手工制作的家具
5)Averb-edcanalsobeusedasanon-restrictiveattribute(非限定性定語)whichisseparatedfromthenounitmodifiesbyacomma(逗號).
Thebooks,writtenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.
=Thebooks,whichwerewrittenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.
Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.
=Themeeting,whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.
2.predicative(表語)Itcanbeputaftersomelink-verbs(系動詞)suchas:be,seem,appear,look,sound,feel,remain,stay,become…
1)Edisonbecameinterestedinsciencewhenhewasveryyoung.
2)Thelittleboywasveryexcitedwhenheheardthathecouldgototheparty.
3.Objectcomplement(賓語補(bǔ)足語)Itcanbeusedaftersomeverbssuchas:see,hear,notice,watch,find,get,have,feel,make,leave,keep…
1)AsheknowslittleEnglish,hefindsitdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood.
2)Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.
3)Shefoundthedoorlocked.
4.Averb-edcanbeusedafterverbslikestand,sitandlietoshowthatthetwoactionsarehappeningatthesametime.
Thegirllayinbedlostinthought.=Thegirllayinbedandwaslostinthought.
Theboysatatthetableburiedinhishomework.
=Theboysatatthetableandwasburiedinhishomework.
KeyforExerciseA:(1)disappointed(2)puzzled(3)excited(4)thrilled(5)interested(6)bored
KeyforExerciseB:
2.Theproblemscreatedbycloningwillsoonbeclear.
3.Wedon’twantbeastsproducedbyscientiststoreplaceusoneday.
4.Thetechnologyusedisamazing.
5.Theonlythingneededisjustacellfromyouroldpet.
StepIIITheusageofverb-edphrases
Averb-edphraseisactuallyaverb-edfollowedbyanobjector/andadverbial.Theverb-edphrasescanbeusedastheadverbial (狀語)toexpressthetime,thereasonandcondition
1.Averb-edphrasecanbeaverb-edonitsown.Itcanalsobefollowedbyanobjectand/oradverbial.
1)Shelefttherestaurant,disappointed.
2)Shelefttherestaurant,disappointedwiththebadservice.
3)Heated,waterchangesintosteam.
4)Thegirlwassenttothehospital,seriouslyinjured.
5)Thegirlwassenttothehospital,seriouslyinjuredinthecaraccident.
2.Passiveverb-edphrasescanexpresstime,reasonandcondition.Wecanuseadverbialclauses(狀語從句)torewritethephrases.
1)time
Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.
=Whentheparkisseenfromthehill,itlooksverybeautiful.
Whencompleted,themuseumwillbeopentothepublic.
=Whenitiscompleted,themuseumwillbeopentothepublic.
Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.=Onceitisseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.
2)reason
Frightenedbythethunderandlightninginthenight,thegirldidnotdaresleepaloneinherownroom.
=Becauseshewasfrightenedbythethunderandlightninginthenight,thegirldidnotdaresleepaloneinherownroom.
Lostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
=Becausehewaslostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
3)condition
Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.
=Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.
Unlessinvitedtospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.
=Unlessyouareinvitedtospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.
Comparedwithotherprofessors,shewasanexcellentspeaker.
=Ifshewascomparedwithotherprofessors…
3.Understoodsubject(邏輯主語)
1)Theunderstoodsubjectisusuallythesameasthesubjectofthemainclause.(refertotheabovesentences)
2)Whenverb-edisusedasadverbial(狀語)orpredicative(表語),itsunderstoodsubjectisthesubjectofthemainsentence.
Shebecamediscouragedatthenews.
3)動詞－ed形式作定語時,它的邏輯主語是被它修飾的名詞，它和名詞之間是被動關(guān)系。
ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.
4)verb－ed形式在句中作賓語補(bǔ)足語或主語補(bǔ)足語時，它的邏輯主語是句子的主語或賓語,它們之間的關(guān)系是被動關(guān)系。
Viviengotherfingerstrappedinthebicyclechain.
(trapped的邏輯主語是句子的賓語fingers)
Thevaluablevasewasfoundstolen.(stolen的邏輯主語是句子的主語vase)
Wegothomeonlytofindthewholehouseturnedupsidedown.Thievesobviouslyhadbrokenin.(turnedupsidedown的邏輯主語是句子的賓語house)
KeyforExerciseA
2.Encouragedbyherteachers,Suziedidwellatschool.
3.Inspiredbyhisgrandfather,thechildwrotemorepoems.
4.Boredbythegame,thedogwillnotplayanymore.
StepIVVerb-ingandverb-edusedasadjectives
Readtheinstructionsonthebookandfinishthefollowingexercisestochoosethecorrectwordsfromthebrackets.
Peoplehavealwaysbeen_________(interested/interesting)infindingoutaboutworldrecords.
HughBeaverwenttointerviewthetwobrothersandfoundtheirknowledge______(amazed/amazing)
Afterbeingtoldseveraltimes,MrSmithstillfelt________(puzzled/puzzling)anddidnotknowwhattodo.
Thefilm‘PearlHarbor’isreally_______(excited/exciting).
Hisresponsetothequestionwasquite__________(disappointed/disappointing).
KeyforExerciseB
(1)tired(2)burnt(3)bored(4)disappointing(5)pleased(6)challenging
(7)relaxed
StepVHomework
FinishPartsC1andC2onpage108inWorkbook.
精選閱讀
Scienceversusnature(BriefTeachingPlan)Projectmanversus&nbs
作為杰出的教學(xué)工作者，能夠保證教課的順利開展，教師在教學(xué)前就要準(zhǔn)備好教案，做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。教案可以讓講的知識能夠輕松被學(xué)生吸收，幫助教師能夠更輕松的上課教學(xué)。那么一篇好的教案要怎么才能寫好呢？為滿足您的需求，小編特地編輯了“Scienceversusnature(BriefTeachingPlan)Projectmanversus&nbs”，相信能對大家有所幫助。
Unit3Scienceversusnature(BriefTeachingPlan)Projectmanversusnature
Teachingaims
1.Improvestudents’abilityandprovidepractice
2.Masterandusesomeusefulwordsandexpressions
3.Haveadebatetoexpressandsupportyouropinions
Procedures:
step1leadingin
1.Appreciatesomefilmpicturesabout“manversusnature”
2.Askandanswersomerelevantquestionssuchas:
Areyouafraidthatsomethingsimilarmayhappeninthefuture?
What’syouropiniontowardstherelationshipbetweenhumanbeingsandnature?
step2reading
1.Listentothetapethengiveoutthegistofeachparagraph
2.Readagainthenanswersomequestionssuchas:
1.Whathavepeopledonetonature?
2.Ifwecontinueinthisway,whatmighthappen?
3.Whichismoreimportant,economicdevelopmentorprotectingnature?
4.Doyouthinktheproblemofhumanswinningandnaturelosingcanbesettled?Ifso,canyousuggestsomesolutions?
step3Introducetheproject
1.Planning
Chooseatopicthatinterestsyou
SplitintoForandAgainst
Assignrolesandtasks
Usedifferentmediastosearchforrelevantinformation
2.Preparing
Discussthecollectedinformationandtickthestrongpointstobethestartandtheend.
Makealistofallyourpoints.
Thinkabouttheoppositepointsandthinkabouthowtoargueagainstthem.
3.Producing
Practiseinyourgrouptocheckeveryone’stask.
Practisemanytimestomakeitbetter.
Decidethetimeofeachsection.
4.Presenting
Presentthedebateinfrontofclass.
Displayyourresearchonthewallwhendebating.
Makerulesofwinningbeforethedebateandcheckwhichgroupwinsattheend.
step4Homework
Writeanessayonanytopicthatyou’reinterestedinbyusingthetechniquesyoulearnedfromadebate.
Scienceversusnature教案
Scienceversusnature教案
TeachingplanofGrammarandusage
Teachingobjects:
1.Learntheusageofverb-edformandverb-edphrases
2.Learnthedifferenceandusageofverb-ingandverb-edasadjectives
Teachingprocedures:
StepIIntroduction
Verb-edformcanbeusedlikeanadjectiveoranadverbinasentenceservingas(充當(dāng))attribute(定語),predicative(表語)andobjectcomplement(賓語補(bǔ)足語)
Whentheverb-edformisusedasanattribute,itcanbechangedintoanattributiveclause.Theverb-edformcanalsobeusedasanadverbmodifying(修飾)someverbssuchasstand,sit,lie…etc.toshowthetwoactionshappeningatthesametime.
Pleaseidentifythepartsofspeech(詞性)oftheverb-edformindifferentsentences
1)Thehandwrittennotesarefromjack.
2)Thekidnapperswereusingastolencar.
3)Adark-hairedmanwentintotheroom.
4)Thecakewasleftuntouchedonthetable.
5)Thegirllaytrappedunderthewreckage(船舶殘骸).
StepIItheusageofverb-edform
Thefunctionsofverb-edform
1.attribute(定語)
1)Asingleverb-edcanappearbeforeanounmodifyingthenounlikeanadjective.Itcanbechangedintoanattributiveclause.
Weshoulddrinkboiledwater.=Weshoulddrinkwaterwhichhasbeenboiled
Theytooktheinjuredwomantothenearbyhospitalatonce.
=Theytookthewomanwhowasinjuredtothenearbyhospitalatonce.
2)Generallyspeaking(一般說來),theverb-edformoftransitiveverbs(及物動詞)expressespassivemeaningswhiletheverb-edformofintransitiveverbs(不及物動詞)expressesactiveandpastmeanings.Someverb-edsbeforenounscanexpresspastmeanings,suchasescaped,retiredandfallen.
theescapedcriminal 逃犯past
thedevelopedcountries 發(fā)達(dá)國家past
awidelyusedlanguagepassive
theretiredscientistpast
thehighlypraisedscientistpassive
fallenleaves落葉past
therisensun 升起的太陽past
theexploitedclasses被剝削階級passive
3)Averb-edphrasecanappearafteranountomodifythenounlikeanattributiveclausedoes.
Thenamementionedintheletterwasunknowntome.
=Thenamewhichwasmentionedintheletterwasunknowntome.
Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.
=Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhoweretrappedinthefire.
Scientificexperimentscarriedoutbystudentswithouttheteacher’sinstructionscanbedangerous.
=Scientificexperimentswhicharecarriedoutby……
4)Averb-edcanbepartofacompound(復(fù)合詞)withanadverboranounbeforeit.
aso-calledprofessor一個所謂的教授
homemadepizza自制的比薩餅
awell-acceptedidea廣泛接受的想法
ahighly-respectedprofessor極受尊重的教授
awell-paidjob報酬頗豐的工作
underdevelopedregions不發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)
handmadefurniture手工制作的家具
5)Averb-edcanalsobeusedasanon-restrictiveattribute(非限定性定語)whichisseparatedfromthenounitmodifiesbyacomma(逗號).
Thebooks,writtenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.
=Thebooks,whichwerewrittenbyLuXun,arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.
Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.
=Themeeting,whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.
2.predicative(表語)Itcanbeputaftersomelink-verbs(系動詞)suchas:be,seem,appear,look,sound,feel,remain,stay,become…
1)Edisonbecameinterestedinsciencewhenhewasveryyoung.
2)Thelittleboywasveryexcitedwhenheheardthathecouldgototheparty.
3.Objectcomplement(賓語補(bǔ)足語)Itcanbeusedaftersomeverbssuchas:see,hear,notice,watch,find,get,have,feel,make,leave,keep…
1)AsheknowslittleEnglish,hefindsitdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood.
2)Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.
3)Shefoundthedoorlocked.
4.Averb-edcanbeusedafterverbslikestand,sitandlietoshowthatthetwoactionsarehappeningatthesametime.
Thegirllayinbedlostinthought.=Thegirllayinbedandwaslostinthought.
Theboysatatthetableburiedinhishomework.
=Theboysatatthetableandwasburiedinhishomework.
KeyforExerciseA:(1)disappointed(2)puzzled(3)excited(4)thrilled(5)interested(6)bored
KeyforExerciseB:
2.Theproblemscreatedbycloningwillsoonbeclear.
3.Wedon’twantbeastsproducedbyscientiststoreplaceusoneday.
4.Thetechnologyusedisamazing.
5.Theonlythingneededisjustacellfromyouroldpet.
StepIIITheusageofverb-edphrases
Averb-edphraseisactuallyaverb-edfollowedbyanobjector/andadverbial.Theverb-edphrasescanbeusedastheadverbial (狀語)toexpressthetime,thereasonandcondition
1.Averb-edphrasecanbeaverb-edonitsown.Itcanalsobefollowedbyanobjectand/oradverbial.
1)Shelefttherestaurant,disappointed.
2)Shelefttherestaurant,disappointedwiththebadservice.
3)Heated,waterchangesintosteam.
4)Thegirlwassenttothehospital,seriouslyinjured.
5)Thegirlwassenttothehospital,seriouslyinjuredinthecaraccident.
2.Passiveverb-edphrasescanexpresstime,reasonandcondition.Wecanuseadverbialclauses(狀語從句)torewritethephrases.
1)time
Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.
=Whentheparkisseenfromthehill,itlooksverybeautiful.
Whencompleted,themuseumwillbeopentothepublic.
=Whenitiscompleted,themuseumwillbeopentothepublic.
Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.=Onceitisseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.
2)reason
Frightenedbythethunderandlightninginthenight,thegirldidnotdaresleepaloneinherownroom.
=Becauseshewasfrightenedbythethunderandlightninginthenight,thegirldidnotdaresleepaloneinherownroom.
Lostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
=Becausehewaslostinthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
3)condition
Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.
=Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.
Unlessinvitedtospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.
=Unlessyouareinvitedtospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.
Comparedwithotherprofessors,shewasanexcellentspeaker.
=Ifshewascomparedwithotherprofessors…
3.Understoodsubject(邏輯主語)
1)Theunderstoodsubjectisusuallythesameasthesubjectofthemainclause.(refertotheabovesentences)
2)Whenverb-edisusedasadverbial(狀語)orpredicative(表語),itsunderstoodsubjectisthesubjectofthemainsentence.
Shebecamediscouragedatthenews.
3)動詞－ed形式作定語時,它的邏輯主語是被它修飾的名詞，它和名詞之間是被動關(guān)系。
ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.
4)verb－ed形式在句中作賓語補(bǔ)足語或主語補(bǔ)足語時，它的邏輯主語是句子的主語或賓語,它們之間的關(guān)系是被動關(guān)系。
Viviengotherfingerstrappedinthebicyclechain.
(trapped的邏輯主語是句子的賓語fingers)
Thevaluablevasewasfoundstolen.(stolen的邏輯主語是句子的主語vase)
Wegothomeonlytofindthewholehouseturnedupsidedown.Thievesobviouslyhadbrokenin.(turnedupsidedown的邏輯主語是句子的賓語house)
KeyforExerciseA
2.Encouragedbyherteachers,Suziedidwellatschool.
3.Inspiredbyhisgrandfather,thechildwrotemorepoems.
4.Boredbythegame,thedogwillnotplayanymore.
StepIVVerb-ingandverb-edusedasadjectives
Readtheinstructionsonthebookandfinishthefollowingexercisestochoosethecorrectwordsfromthebrackets.
Peoplehavealwaysbeen_________(interested/interesting)infindingoutaboutworldrecords.
HughBeaverwenttointerviewthetwobrothersandfoundtheirknowledge______(amazed/amazing)
Afterbeingtoldseveraltimes,MrSmithstillfelt________(puzzled/puzzling)anddidnotknowwhattodo.
Thefilm‘PearlHarbor’isreally_______(excited/exciting).
Hisresponsetothequestionwasquite__________(disappointed/disappointing).
KeyforExerciseB
(1)tired(2)burnt(3)bored(4)disappointing(5)pleased(6)challenging
(7)relaxed
StepVHomework
FinishPartsC1andC2onpage108inWorkbook.
Scienceversusnature“WordPower”
Teachingplanof“WordPower”
Teachingobjects:
1.learnprefixandsuffixandlearntoguessmeaningsbasedonprefixandsuffix
2.learnorgansofthebody
Teachingprocedures:
IPrefixesandsuffixes
StepILead-in
appear,novel,regular,respect
Wearegoingtohavesomequestions.Pleaseusethesewordstohelpyou,butyouneedtoaddsomeletterstothewordsfirst.
1)Youcannotfindyournewpen.Whathappenedtoyourpen?Itdisappeared
2)ManypeoplerespectMr.Liandthinkheisagoodman.Hehelpspeopleoutandisagoodcitizenandfriend.SocanyoufindawordtodescribeMr.Li?
Respectable
3)MissWanghaspublishedseveralbooks.Shelovesherjobwritingnovels.SowhatisMissWang’soccupation(職業(yè))?Sheisanovelist
4)Youcannotfindtheorderofthenumbersinagroupofmembers.Socanyoufindawordtodescribetheorderofthenumbers?irregular
StepIIIntroduction
independence
independence
prefix(前綴)root(詞根)suffix(后綴)
Prefix:agroupoflettersthatisaddedtothebeginningofawordtochangeitsmeaning.
Suffix:aletteroragroupoflettersaddedtotheendofawordtomakeadifferentword.
Attention!
Usuallyaprefixwillchangethemeaningofword,whileasuffixwillchangethepartofspeechofaword.
StepIIIPrefixes
Sometimesyoucanguesswhatawordmeansbylookingatitsprefixorsuffix.Lookattheexamplesandworkoutthemeanings.
PrefixExampleMeaning
anti-anti-cloning,anticanceragainst,opposedto
dis-
un-disappear,disagree
unfair,unwillingnot,apposedof
in-
il-
im-
ir-incorrect,incomparable
illegal,illogical
immoral,immodest
irresponsible,irregular
not,without
pre-preview,preserveearly,before
pro-pro-cloninginfavourof,supporting
re-recreate,repeat,renewagain
StepIVAddinginformation
Someothercommonlyusedprefixes
PrefixExampleMeaning
de-decompose,declassifyapart,from
mal-maltreatment,malnutritionbadly,ill
non-non-smoker,non-alcoholic,non-profitnot
inter-international,interaction,interruptbetween
tele-telescope,telegram,telecommunicationfaroff
trans-transport,translate,transnationalacross
mis-misunderstand,mislead,misdeedwrong
sub-subtitle,subway,submarineunder
over-overeat,overwork,overacttoomuch
tri-triangle,tricycle,tricolorthree
auto-autobiography,autoalarm,automobileself
StepVSuffixes
SuffixExampleMeaning
-ablecomfortable,noticeableworthyof,abletobe
-fulcheerful,thoughtfulfullof,characterizedby
-istscientist,novelistsomeonewhodoessomething
-lesshopeless,aimlesswithout
-mentagreement,treatmentindicateastateorcondition
-nessdryness,madnessindicateaquality,stateorcharacter
StepVIAddinginformation
Someothercommonlyusedsuffixes
-alcultural,national,originaloforconcerning
-ioninvitation,competition,protectionactionorconditionof…
-shiphardship,scholarship,relationshipstateofbeing,skill
-domfreedom,kingdomconditionorstateof…
-ishchildish,selfishofthenatureof…
-proofwaterproof,fireproof,soundproofprotectagainst
-enwiden,sharpen,shortenmakeorbecome
-wardeastward,homeward,backwardinthedirectionof
-likewomanlike,childlikesimilarto
StepVIIExercise
Doyouthinkweshouldprotectnature?Completewhatanenvironmentalistissayingbelow.Usethewordsfromthebox.
disrespect,hopeless,illegal,uncertain,understandable
Ithinkcuttingdowntreesshouldbemade(1)_______andtighterlawsshouldbeintroduced.Somanypeopleareshowingtheir(2)________fornature;theydon’tseemtocarethattheyaredestroyingtheenvironment.SometimesIthinkwearefightinga(3)________battleagainstpeoplewhojustwon’tlisten.Iknowscientistshaveworkedhardtoachievescientificbreakthroughbutit’s(4)___________whetherthey’llsucceedtotally.Althoughit’s(5)__________thattheywanttoadvancetechnology,Ithinksomethingsarebestleftthewaytheyare.
StepVIIIorgansofthebody
Lookatthepicturesofthemajororgansofthebodyandtrytorecognizethem.
KeyforExerciseB
(1)Brain(2)heart(3)liver(4)lungs(5)stomach(6)kidneys
StepVIIIIHomework
1.CompletePartConpage47inpairsorgroups.
2.ReadthearticleinPartAonpage113anddoParBonthesamepage.
SchoolLife●Grammarandusage
●Grammarandusage
(Introductiontoattributiveclauses)
Doyouknowtheboy?Doyoulikehim?Haveyoueverheardofhim?Yes.HarryPotter.Heisabraveboy.Heisaboywithglasses.Doyouknowthemeaninghere?HereisanothersentencetodescribeHarryPotter.Heisaboywhoisbraveandwearingglasses.CanyoutranslatethissentenceintoChinese?DoyouknowwhattheunderlinediscalledinEnglishgrammar?Todaywewilldealwithattributiveclause.
Thegrammariteminthisunitdealswithattributiveclauses.We’llfirstlearnaboutwhatanattributiveclauseisandthefunctionsofrelativepronounsandrelativeadverbsusedtointroduceattributiveclauses.Thenwe’lllearnthedifferentusagesofrelativepronouns.
Step1:Introductiontoattributiveclauses
Anattributiveclauseisusedtomodifyanounandisusuallyputafterthenoun.You’retolearndifferentfunctionsofrelativepronounsorrelativeadverbsusedinattributiveclauses.
1.Wordsontheblackboard:
anenjoyableexperience,bestfriends,therulesoftheschool,thearticleaboutyourexperiencesintheUK
Readthesephrasesandpointoutthenoun,theadjectiveortheprepositionalphraseineachofthemtomakesureyouknowwhatnouns,adjectivesandprepositionalphrasesare.
Weusuallyuseanounafterapreposition,andtheprepositiontogetherwiththenouniscalledtheprepositionalphrase.
Decidewhatthefunctionofanadjectiveoraprepositionalphraseisintheseexamples.ThentranslatethemintoChinese,andcomparethedifferentwaystoexpressthesamemeaninginEnglishandinChinese.
2.GoingoverPoint1onp8
Nounscanbemodifiedbyadjectives,prepositionalphrasesorattributiveclauses.Payspecialattentiontothedifferentpositionsoftheadjective(usuallybeforenouns),theprepositionalphraseortheattributiveclause(afternouns).
Nowlet’slookatthesentenceontheblackboard:Theteamwhowerewearinggreenwonthegame.
Theteamhereistheantecedent(thenounwhichanattributiveclausemodifies),whoisarelativepronounintroducingtheattributiveclausewhowerewearinggreen,inwhichwhoreferstotheteamandisusedasthesubjectintheattributiveclause.
Attributiveclausesareusuallyintroducedbyrelativepronounsorrelativeadverbs,andtheirfunctionsintheclausearedifferent.
ReadtheexamplesentencesinPoint2andfindoutwhatfunctionoftheboldpartineachsentenceis.ThenpointouttheattributiveclauseineachsentenceandtranslatethewholesentenceintoChinese,sothatyoucancomparethedifferentwaysinwhichtheattributiveclauseisexpressedinEnglishandinChinese.
Readthearticleonpage9.Makesureyoucanidentifytheattributiveclauses.Pointouttheantecedent,therelativepronounortherelativeadverbanditsfunctionineachsentence.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinesesoastocomparethedifferences.
3.DealingwithPartC1onpage88inWorkbooktoidentifyattributiveclauses.
Answers
Paragraph1：
Davidwasoneofthemosthelpfulstudentsthatweeverhad.(Theantecedent:themosthelpfulstudents;therelativepronoun:that,usedastheobjectintheclause)
In1998,hewenttoOxfordUniversitywherehegotinterestedinChineseculture.(Theantecedent:OxfordUniversity;therelativeadverb:where,usedastheadverbialintheclause)
Paragraph2:
SomeofthecitiesinChinawhichhelikesmostareBeijing,Shanghai,HarbinandNanjing.(Theantecedent:someofthecities;therelativepronoun:which,usedastheobjectintheclause)
Mostofthestudentsthathetaughthavebecomehisfriends.(Theantecedent:mostofthestudents;therelativepronounthat,usedastheobjectintheclause)
Paragraph3：
SomeofthebooksweregiftsthathegotfromhisChinesefriendsandstudents.
(Theantecedent:gifts,therelativepronoun:that,usedastheobjectintheclause)
ThepaintingsthatDaviddonatedtotheschoolarebeingdisplayedintheassemblyhall.(Theantecedent:thepaintings;therelativepronoun:that,usedastheobjectintheclause)
Answer
PartC1(page88)245679
Step2:Relativepronouns:that,which,who,whomandwhose
HereI’dlikeyoutoknowinwhatcircumstancesthat,which,who,whomorwhoseisused,orcanbeleftout.
1.ReadthethreesentencesinPoint1onpage10andpointouttheantecedentineachsentence.(thestory,thecakeandthebook,allofwhichrefertothings.)Whentheantecedentis/areathing/things,weusuallyusetherelativepronounthatorwhichtointroducetheattributiveclause.Thefunctionofthat/whichintheattributiveclauseistheobject.
2.ReadthethreesentencesinPoint2andpointouttheantecedentineachsentence.(afriend,thegirlandtheteacher.)Whentheantecedentsarepeople,anattributiveclauseisoftenintroducedbywho.Whoisusedasthesubjectintheclause.FromTipbox,weknowthatcanalsobeusedtorefertoaperson/people.
3.Nowlet’scometoPoint3.Theantecedentsinthetwosentencesaretheteacherandthestudent.whomorwhoisusedastheobjectintheattributiveclause.Insuchcase,whoismoreusualinoralEnglish,whilewhomismoreformalandoftenusedinwrittenEnglish.
4.InPoint4,theantecedentsinthethreesentencesareallthebirthdaypresents,somethingandthegirl.allthepresentsandsomethingrefertothings,andthegirlreferstoaperson.Therelativepronounsthat/whichandthat/who/whomareallusedastheobjectsintheattributiveclauseandcanbeleftout.
5.Readthefollowingsentences:
Shehasabrother.Ican’trememberhisname.
Whatdoesthewordhisreferto?(thebrother’s.)
ShehasabrotherwhosenameIcan’tremember.
Pointouttheantecedenthereandmakesurewhatthefunctionofwhoseisintheattributiveclause.
InPoint5,whoseinthefirstsentencereferstothegirl’sandtheclub’sinthesecondsentence.Whentheantecedentfunctionsasanattributiveintheclause,whoseisusedanditshouldbeusedbeforeanoun.
6.Completetheconversationonpage11individually.Thenreaditingroupsofthreetocheckyouranswers.
Answers
(1)that/which(2)whose(3)who/that(4)who/whom/that
(5)that/which(6)that/which(7)who/that(8)that/which(9)who/that
7.DealwithPartC2onpage88inWorkbooktogetmorepracticeinhowtoformanattributiveclauseinasentence.
Answers
PartC2(page88)
1.Thisistheschoolwhere/inwhichIstudiedfiveyearsago.
2.Inthisschoolthereareabout30foreignstudentswho/thathavecometostudytheChineselanguage.
3.ThesestudentswhoseparentshavecometoChinaforbusinessliketheschoolverymuch.
4.Theteachingbuildingthat/whichwasputuplastyearlooksnice.
5.Themanwhoisstandinginfrontoftheschoollibraryistheheadmaster.
6.NexttohimstandsagirlwhosenameisTina.
7.Tinaisatopstudent(who/whom)theschoolgaveamedaltoforwinningthewritingcompetition.
8.Tinalikesreadingthenovelswhich/thatarewrittenbyCharlesDickens.
9.Tinaisthehostoftheschool’sradioclubthat/whichstartedwas2yearsago.
10.Studentsliketheschoolnews(that/which)theradioclubbroadcasts.
Resources
1.Studentsmaywanttoknowmoreclearlyabouttheusageofrelativepronouns.Atablecanbeusedtoexplainasbelow:
Relativepronounsusedinattributiveclauses
Antecedent
Subject
Object
Possessive
Note
persons
who/that
whom/who/that
whose
Arelativepronouncanbeomittedwhenitisusedastheobjectinanattributiveclause
things
which/that
which/that
whose/ofwhich
2.Tounderstandattributiveclausesbetterandusethemcorrectly,studentsshouldbeabletoidentifywhichwordistheantecedentandknowwhatitfunctionsasinanattributiveclause,sotheycanuseaproperrelativepronountointroduceanattributiveclause.Herearemoreexamples:
Thegirlwho/thatisstandingnexttoourteacherisherdaughter.
Thegirl(whom/who/that)ourteacheristalkingwithisherdaughter.
ThegirlwhosemotherisfromBritaincanspeakEnglishverywell.
Ican’tfindthebookwhich/thatisborrowedfromthelibrary.
Ican’tfindthebook(which/that)youlenttome.
Haveyoureadthebookwhoseauthor/theauthorofwhichisahighschoolstudent?
Iusedtostudyinaclassroomwhosewindows/thewindowsofwhichwereallbroken.
Sometimestheantecedentcanbeapronoun,suchassomeone/sb.,anyone/anybody,everyone/everybody,noone/nobody,sth,anything,everything,nothing,all,those,etc.
高考鏈接
1.Isthisthereason______atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?(2002上海春)
A.heexplainedB.whatheexplained
C.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained
2.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_____wasveryreasonable.(2000上海)
A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose
3.Myfriend,who______ontheInternationalOlympicCommitteeallhislife,isretiringnextmonth.（2006浙江）
A.servedB.isservingC.hadservedD.hasserved
答案：1-3ABD
