小學(xué)語文微課教案
發(fā)表時間:2020-12-04SharingPeriod3 Pre-readingandReading。
Period3 Pre-readingandReading教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1.語言知識目標(biāo):
(1)學(xué)生能夠正確讀寫及運(yùn)用以下單詞:
airmail;fortnight;roof;muddy;textbook;concept;weekly;relevant;remote;weed;rectangle;rectangular;adjust;platform;broom;tin;jar;sniff;participate;interpreter;grill;otherwise;privilege
(2)學(xué)生掌握下列詞組的意思并能在句子中熟練運(yùn)用:
hearfrom;(be)dyingto;theotherday;dryout;dryup
2.語言技能目標(biāo):
(1)強(qiáng)化略讀、查讀等閱讀技能,訓(xùn)練通過尋找關(guān)鍵詞、主題句等方式更快速并準(zhǔn)確地確定文章的段落大意,理清文章的總體框架與脈絡(luò)的技能。
(2)繼續(xù)運(yùn)用已經(jīng)掌握的基本猜詞技巧猜測文章中的部分單詞。
3.語言能力目標(biāo):
增強(qiáng)閱讀理解能力;發(fā)展借助圖片、表格等非語言信息進(jìn)行語言輸出的能力。
4.情感態(tài)度與文化意識目標(biāo):
(1)幫助學(xué)生理解志愿者工作的意義,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在日常生活中幫助他人、扶貧救困的愛心。
(2)在小組合作互動中,增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的團(tuán)隊(duì)合作精神與分享意識。
重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)
1.教學(xué)重點(diǎn):a.獲取巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞獨(dú)立國各部落生活狀況和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的信息;
b.閱讀能力的培養(yǎng)和閱讀技巧的訓(xùn)練,如精讀課文完成表格填空等。
2.教學(xué)難點(diǎn):a.理解作為志愿者工作的意義,從而樹立正確的價(jià)值觀;
b.訓(xùn)練用英語獲取信息、處理信息、分析問題和解決問題的能力。
課前準(zhǔn)備
1.學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備
查找關(guān)于巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞獨(dú)立國的信息。學(xué)生可以通過上網(wǎng)等形式搜集信息,并且把搜集到的信息編成問題或?qū)懗梢欢挝淖?,在課堂上向其他同學(xué)匯報(bào)。這提高了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,把被動的學(xué)習(xí)變成主動的學(xué)習(xí)。
2.教師的教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備
查找關(guān)于國內(nèi)外關(guān)于幫助他人的個人和組織。
3.教學(xué)環(huán)境的設(shè)計(jì)與布置
在教室里張貼班級學(xué)生參加社團(tuán)活動或志愿者活動和“獻(xiàn)愛心”捐款的照片及資料。
4.教學(xué)用具的設(shè)計(jì)和準(zhǔn)備
制作與閱讀課文相關(guān)的多媒體課件。
教學(xué)過程
?Step1 Warmingup
1.ShowthesignofUnitedNationsVolunteerinChina.
2.Whatdoestheword“volunteer”mean?Ingroups,discusswhocanbecalledvolunteers. (Peoplewhohelpothersintheircommunityoroutsidetheircommunitywouldbecalledvolunteers.However,theywouldnotbecalledvolunteersiftheyhelptheirparents,otherrelativesorfriends.) [設(shè)計(jì)說明]通過中國青年志愿者的標(biāo)志導(dǎo)入,因?yàn)闃?biāo)志中有一個手的圖形,提醒學(xué)生:志愿者常常伸出手幫助別人。然后分組討論“什么樣的人才被稱為志愿者”。經(jīng)過討論,學(xué)生統(tǒng)一了認(rèn)識,知道了志愿者是指幫助與自己沒有直接關(guān)聯(lián)的人。這一點(diǎn)對于理解課文也非常重要。 ?Step2 Pre-reading 1.ShowthetitleandamaptothestudentsandintroducesomeinformationaboutPapuaNewGuinea. (T:Now,letsreadapassageaboutavolunteerworkinginPapuaNewGuinea—ALetterHome.) (Introduction:PapuaNewGuineaissituatedinthePacificOcean,tothenorthofAustralia.Itisapoorcountrywithapopulationof5.7million,around80%ofPapuaNewGuineanslivinginruralareaswithfewornofacilitiessuchasrunningwaterandelectricity.Englishistheofficiallanguage.Becauseofthepoverty,notallchildrengotoschool.Around85%ofchildrenstartschoolbutabout60%ofthesereachYear5.) 2.Showsomepicturestothestudentsandmakethemgetsomebackgroundinformation. [設(shè)計(jì)說明]由于學(xué)生對于巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞獨(dú)立國的情況了解不多,教師有必要在閱讀課文之前介紹一些這個國家的信息,也可以布置學(xué)生在課前上網(wǎng)查找這個國家的資料,上課時由學(xué)生用英語匯報(bào),或者采用“頭腦風(fēng)暴”或分組競賽搶答的形式,使學(xué)生在較短的時間里掌握足夠的背景資料。隨后展示一些圖片,既加深學(xué)生對于這個國家落后的經(jīng)濟(jì)、教育狀況的印象,也有助于之后閱讀活動的展開。 ?Step3 Scanning Dividethepassageinto4partsandfindoutthemainideaofeachparagraph. Part1(Paragraph1)Openingoftheletterandintroductiontowhatwillbetalkedaboutinthepassage. Part2(Paragraphs2-3)TheschoolwhereJoworkedandJosworkatschool. Part3(Paragraphs4-8)JoandJennyvisitedTombeshomeinthevillage. Part4(Paragraph9)Endoftheletter. [設(shè)計(jì)說明]快速閱讀后要求學(xué)生分段,再找出每段的大意。如果是閱讀理解能力普遍較弱的班級,教師可以把這項(xiàng)任務(wù)改為把各段與段落大意相搭配,如下所示: Part1(Paragraph1)Endoftheletter. Part2(Paragraphs2-3)Openingoftheletterandintroductiontowhatwillbetalkedaboutinthepassage. Part3(Paragraphs4-8)TheschoolwhereJoworkedandJosworkatschool. Part4(Paragraph9)JoandJennyvisitedTombeshomeinthevillage. ?Step4 Skimming Skimthepassageandfinishthefollowingtasks: Task1Answerthefollowingquestions: (1)WhydidJosendRosemarysomephotos? (ItisdifficultforRosemarytoimaginehowlifewashard.) (2)WhywassciencethemostchallengingsubjectforJo? (Herstudentshadnoconceptofdoingexperimentsandtherewasnoequipment.) (3)Whydidtheboysstartjumpingoutthewindows? (Theboysnevercameacrossanythinglikethebubblingmixture.) (4)WhyshouldittakeJoandJennytwoandahalfhourstogettothevillage? (Theyhadtoclimbupamountaintoaridgefirstandthendownasteeppathtothevillagebelow.) Task2WhathaveyoulearnedaboutthecustomsandlivesofthepeopleinTombesvillage?ReadParagraphs4-8carefullyandcompletethetablebelow. Typeofhouses Diet Familyrelationships Possessions Cookingmethods Agriculture Sleepingarrangements BeliefsSuggestedanswers: Typeofhouses small,round,madeofbamboo,grassroofs;menshutshavegrassstickingoutofthetopoftheroof,nowindows;smalldoorway;floorcoveredwithfreshgrass Diet Sweetpotato,corn,vegetablespeanuts Familyrelationships largeextendedfamilies(EveryoneseemstobearelativeofTombes). Possessions Notmany—onebroom,afewtinplatesandcups,acoupleofjar Cookingmethods Hotstonesareplacedinanoildrum,thenvegetablesareplacedinthedrum,coveredwithbananaleavesandsteamed. Agriculture Toolsareverybasic,e.g.adiggingstick(Thereisnomachinery.) Sleepingarrangements Anewsleepingplatformfortheguests,Kiakusuallysleptinherownhut. Beliefs Thevillagersbelieveinevilspirits.Theybelievethatleftoverfoodattractsevilspiritssotheydryitoutinacanoverthefire.Thenthecanisthrownoutofthehut.[設(shè)計(jì)說明]仔細(xì)閱讀是快速閱讀的延續(xù)。通過閱讀,查找到巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞獨(dú)立國里各部落居民的生活狀況和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。這也是這篇課文的重點(diǎn)之一。如果學(xué)生感覺難度較大,可以給出句子,只留一些關(guān)鍵詞匯的空格讓學(xué)生填寫,如空出答案中的畫線的單詞。 ?Step5 Readingaloud Readthepassagealoudandunderlinetheimportantphrasesanddifficultsentences. [設(shè)計(jì)說明]邊讀課文邊畫出重點(diǎn)詞組和難句,加深對于課文內(nèi)容的理解。而且,在程度較好的班級,在時間允許的情況下,教師可以在朗讀課文結(jié)束后插入一些詞匯和句型的講解。也可以根據(jù)情況,把詞組和難句放在下一節(jié)課中專門講和練。 ?Step6 Discussion 1.WhydoyouthinkJobecameavolunteerinPNG? 2.Wouldyouliketoworkasavolunteerinapoorarea?Givereasons. [設(shè)計(jì)說明]通過討論Jo作為志愿者的原因,可以使學(xué)生更好地了解這個單元的主題:幫助他人、分享合作。通過第二個問題,教師可以進(jìn)一步了解學(xué)生對于志愿者工作和幫助他人的看法,有利于教師進(jìn)行德育教育,幫助學(xué)生樹立正確的價(jià)值觀。 ?Step7 Homework Writeapassageabout100wordstointroducethevillageandlifeinthevillageaccordingtothephotosandthetableinExercise.1. [設(shè)計(jì)說明]根據(jù)圖片和圖表寫一段關(guān)于村落情況和生活的介紹文字,既加深了學(xué)生對于課文重點(diǎn)段落的印象,又發(fā)展了借助圖片、表格等非語言信息進(jìn)行語言輸出的能力。如果學(xué)生英語程度不夠好,教師可以給出短文的開頭幾句,例如Oneofmystudents,TombelivesinasmallvillageinPapuaNewGuinea.Thevisittohishomeimpressedme...。時間允許的話,還可以在上一個討論問題環(huán)節(jié)結(jié)束后,讓學(xué)生兩人一組,先輪流進(jìn)行口頭作文,再回家完成書面作文。 延伸閱讀 Period4 Grammar 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1.語言知識目標(biāo):復(fù)習(xí)限制性定語從句的特點(diǎn)和關(guān)系詞。 2.語言能力目標(biāo):能夠造成含有限制性定語從句的句子,在書面表達(dá)中進(jìn)行運(yùn)用。 重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 1.教學(xué)重點(diǎn):掌握限制性定語從句的特點(diǎn),關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞使用的場合,能夠運(yùn)用限制性定語從句。 2.教學(xué)難點(diǎn):關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞使用的場合,在寫作中運(yùn)用限制性定語從句。 教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備 1.學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備:復(fù)習(xí)限制性定語從句的特點(diǎn)及關(guān)系詞。 2.教師的教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備:整理關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的使用場合,并繪制表格。 3.教學(xué)用具的設(shè)計(jì)和準(zhǔn)備:制作多媒體課件。 教學(xué)過程 ?Step1 Presentation 1.Agame“Guesswhohe/sheis.”:Listentoseveralsentences,andthenguesswhohe/sheisaccordingtothedescription. 2.Showthesentenceswiththerestrictiveattributiveclausesinthegameinthescreenandmakethestudentsfindthemout. e.g.Thestudentisaboywho_is_taller_than_me. Thestudentisaboywho_is_always_ready_to_help_others_and_popular_among_the_ classmates. Thestudenthasanicknamewhich_is_related_to_a_lovely_animal. [設(shè)計(jì)說明]聽句子,猜猜他/她是誰的游戲,能夠很快地引起學(xué)生的興趣,活躍課堂氣氛,而且,在描述中使用的一些句子帶有限制性定語從句,也為限制性定語從句的呈現(xiàn)做好了準(zhǔn)備。 ?Step2 Revision 1.Revisethecharacteristicsofrestrictiveattributiveclauses.(ThestudentscansaythatinChinese.) 從形式上看,限制性定語從句與先行詞(被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞)之間沒有逗號。 從功能上看,限制性定語從句對先行詞起著修飾和限制的作用,如果去掉從句,會影響到整個主句的意思。 2.Revisetherelativepronounsandadverbsofrestrictiveattributiveclauses. theusageoftherelativepronoun 關(guān)系代詞 指代 在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?p>person thing Subject 主語 Object 賓語 Attributive 定語 who whom which that whose theusageoftherelativeadverb 關(guān)系副詞 指代 在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞?p>when time adverbial where place adverbial why reason adverbial 關(guān)系副詞=介詞+which 3.Revisetheusageof“that”. that和which在指物的情況下一般可以互換,但在下列情況下,一般用that而不用which。 (1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時。 (2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級等修飾時。 (3)先行詞是who或who引導(dǎo)的主句。 (4)主句是therebe句型時。 (5)先行詞中既有人又有物時。 注意:介詞后面只能用which而不能用that。 [設(shè)計(jì)說明]借助第一環(huán)節(jié)中的句子,先讓學(xué)生找出限制性定語從句,再復(fù)習(xí)限制性定語從句的特征和關(guān)系詞的用法,尤其是關(guān)系代詞that的用法,為下面的環(huán)節(jié)——關(guān)系詞的運(yùn)用打下基礎(chǔ)。 ?Step3 Practising 1.Fillintheblankswiththeproperrelativepronoun/adverb. (1)Thereason______hedidntcometoschoolyesterdayisthathewasill. (2)Thebaby______trousersisredisJack. (3)Thewoman______canspeakRussiangotthejob. (4)Thewoman______wesawonthestreetgotthejob. (5)Canyoulendmethebookabout______youtalkedlastnight? (6)Isthisthelibraryfrom______youborrowbooks? (7)Ivereadallthebooks______arenotmine. (8)Iamsureshehassomething______youcanborrow. (9)Thereason______theaccidenthappenedisstillunknown. (10)Hewillhavetoputoffhisconcertuntilnextmonth,______hefinisheshistravelaroundtheworld. Keys:(1)why (2)whose (3)who (4)whom (5)which (6)which (7)that (8)that (9)why (10)when 2.Completethesentenceswithyourownwords. (1)Paintingisanactivitythat____________. (2)Theinterpretertowhomyou____________isonholiday. (3)Themanwho____________isadoctor. (4)Thewomanwhosedaughter____________isoverthere. (5)Theschoolwhereyou____________hasbeenimproved. (6)Anneisdoingsomeresearchonthetimewhen____________. (7)Thereasonwhyhe____________wasthathewaswatchinganinterviewofthefirstChineseastronautonTV. 3.Answerthefollowingquestionsusingattributiveclauseswiththepronouns/adverbsinthebrackets. Example:Whatkindoffriendwouldyouliketohave?(whom) IdliketohaveafriendwhomIcantrust. (1)Whatkindofplacewouldyouliketogotoforaholiday?(where) (2)Whatstorydoyouenjoymost?(which/that) (3)Whichmusicalinstrumentwouldyouliketolearntoplay?(which/that) (4)Whydidntyoufinishyourhomework?(why) (5)Whatkindofpersonisshemarriedto?(towhom) (6)Whatsportdoyouparticipateinmostoften?(which/that) (7)Whichdaywontyoueverforget?(when) 4.Writeapassageaboutyourclass/familyusingrestricitiveattributiveclausesasmanyaspossible. [設(shè)計(jì)說明]語法運(yùn)用在這個部分是層層遞進(jìn)的,練習(xí)1要求學(xué)生填寫關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞,練習(xí)2要求學(xué)生造句,完成定語從句,練習(xí)3則要求學(xué)生根據(jù)給出的關(guān)系詞寫出一個含有定語從句的完整的句子,練習(xí)4要求寫一篇含有多個定語從句的文章,體現(xiàn)了“詞—句—篇”的教學(xué)原則。如果學(xué)生的水平較弱,難以按照教師的要求完成寫作練習(xí),教師也可以要求學(xué)生翻譯一段含有多個定語從句的文章以達(dá)到在語篇輸出中運(yùn)用限制性定語從句的目的。(下劃線的句子要求用上限制性定語從句) 瞧!這是一張我們班級的照片。我們班是一個由27個男生和26個女生組成的大家庭。那個留著短發(fā)的女老師是我們的班主任周老師。班長是一個喜歡體育的男孩。你能找出他嗎?站在第三排中間最高的那個就是我們的班長——李明。笑得最開心的是我那可愛的同桌。我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記那些我們一起學(xué)習(xí)和生活的難忘的日子。 Awritingsample: Look!Thisisaphotoofourclass.Ourclassisabigfamilywhichismadeupof27boysand26girls.Thewomanteacherwhowearsshorthairisourheadteacher,MissZhou.Ourmonitorisaboywholikessports.Canyoufindhimout?ThetallestboywhoisstandinginthemiddleofLine3isourmonitor—LiMing.Thegirlwhosesmileisthebiggestismylovelydeskmate.Iwillneverforgettheunforgettabledayswhenwestudiedandlivedtogether. 古人云,工欲善其事,必先利其器。準(zhǔn)備好一份優(yōu)秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以保證學(xué)生們在上課時能夠更好的聽課,讓高中教師能夠快速的解決各種教學(xué)問題。怎么才能讓高中教案寫的更加全面呢?小編特地為大家精心收集和整理了“SharingPeriod1 WarmingUpandListening”,歡迎大家閱讀,希望對大家有所幫助。 本單元的話題是Sharing,主要涉及幫助弱者、志愿服務(wù)、合作分享等。通過聽、說、讀、寫等各種活動學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)的語言知識,使學(xué)生了解世界上很多地方依然很落后,從而懂得同情,學(xué)會分享。了解一些志愿者工作的信息,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生互助合作的精神和社會責(zé)任感。結(jié)合針對短文話題的探討激發(fā)學(xué)生的國際意識,通過各種渠道力所能及地為貧困地區(qū)的孩子作出自己的貢獻(xiàn)。 WarmingUp部分是一個調(diào)查,分成三項(xiàng)任務(wù):首先回顧自己曾經(jīng)做過的助人為樂的好事,并采訪三位同學(xué);然后,根據(jù)調(diào)查內(nèi)容列舉班級同學(xué)所做的好事;最后討論volunteer的內(nèi)涵。通過這些任務(wù),讓學(xué)生懂得什么是“幫助”,反思自己是否樂于助人,以及怎樣做才是“志愿者”,由此為后面的短文學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊。 Pre-reading是Reading的熱身活動。交代了閱讀文章的文體(letter)和作者(ayoungAustralianwoman,Jo),還根據(jù)她在PNG拍的10張照片提出了5個問題,回答這些問題有助于學(xué)生加深理解“志愿者活動”的意義。 Reading是一篇Jo寫給Rosemary的信。其中介紹Jo在PNG(PapuaNewGuinea)的一個小山村教書。在她寫給Rosemary的信中,作者描述了該村學(xué)校的情況和去一個學(xué)生家做客的經(jīng)歷,使學(xué)生感受到PNG的兒童生活處境的艱難,更加珍惜自己的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會。 Comprehending是根據(jù)短文設(shè)計(jì)的閱讀理解試題。第一個練習(xí)要求學(xué)生讀懂書信的內(nèi)容,用表格的形式幫助學(xué)生整理書信中提到的關(guān)于巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞村落生活及風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的信息,屬于細(xì)節(jié)題。第二個練習(xí)要求學(xué)生對文中提到的五個現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行分析,說明原因,屬于細(xì)節(jié)推理題。第三個練習(xí)要求學(xué)生通過閱讀分析生活在小山村中的積極面和消極面,這個練習(xí)進(jìn)一步地開闊學(xué)生的思維,使學(xué)生對艱苦的生活有更深的理解。第四個練習(xí)要求學(xué)生小組活動,討論四個問題,進(jìn)一步鞏固學(xué)生對于課文內(nèi)容的理解,并且讓學(xué)生聯(lián)系自己的實(shí)際情況,通過比較校舍、教學(xué)條件、生活狀況等方面的問題,引發(fā)學(xué)生的深層思考,談?wù)勛约菏欠裨敢鈪⒓又驹刚呋顒?。第三、四兩個練習(xí)都屬于深層思考的問題。 LearningaboutLanguage分詞匯和語法兩部分。其中,第一部分是有關(guān)此篇短文中的重點(diǎn)單詞和短語。設(shè)置了三個練習(xí),一是根據(jù)所給解釋從所學(xué)詞匯中選擇相應(yīng)的單詞;二是用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯完成一篇短文;三是根據(jù)解釋組成詞組,并用詞組編對話。第二部分是有關(guān)限制性定語從句的復(fù)習(xí)。首先從課文中找出含有限制性定語從句的句子;然后用定語從句完成句子,對定語從句加以運(yùn)用;再用含有定語從句的句子回答問題;最后是兩人結(jié)對活動,進(jìn)一步練習(xí)使用定語從句。 UsingLanguage是對Reading的延伸。通過閱讀,參與“Giveanunusualgift”的活動。這個部分由三個部分組成,綜合訓(xùn)練學(xué)生聽說讀寫四個方面的能力。“讀與說”通過圖文結(jié)合的方式,介紹了一些特殊的禮品——為窮人和真正需要它們的人選購禮品。閱讀之后,完成兩個練習(xí):回答問題和把禮物名稱和詳細(xì)介紹配對。“聽與說”部分是采訪默里大夫的經(jīng)歷,以聽力訓(xùn)練為核心設(shè)置了四個活動。1.講述一個人的生平,用到了時間表達(dá)法;2.通過列表把握聽力中的細(xì)節(jié);3.在涉及聽力內(nèi)容之前讓學(xué)生先就有關(guān)聽力中的話題進(jìn)行討論,有助于學(xué)生快速并準(zhǔn)確地把握聽力內(nèi)容;4.展開討論,讓學(xué)生思考自己將來是否愿意像默里大夫那樣做個志愿服務(wù)工作者?!皩懽鳌备鶕?jù)“聽與說”中的話題,運(yùn)用時間表達(dá)方式,根據(jù)給出的6個方面對默里大夫的情況進(jìn)行寫作。 課時劃分 在對本單元的各部分材料進(jìn)行分析、整合后,確定了以下六個重點(diǎn)課時: 課時一:WarmingUpandListening(聽力課) 從話題內(nèi)容和訓(xùn)練目的來看,WarmingUp與UsingLanguage中的Listeningandspeaking比較接近,所以將WarmingUp與Listeningandspeaking的第1、2、3題和Workbook中的Listening以及ListeningTask整合在一起,設(shè)計(jì)成任務(wù)型“聽力課”,以訓(xùn)練聽前預(yù)測的能力和學(xué)習(xí)用時間表達(dá)方式來介紹一個人的生平經(jīng)歷的方法。 課時二:Speaking(口語課) 將上一節(jié)聽力課剩下的部分Listeningandspeaking中的第4題和Workbook中與上節(jié)課聽力內(nèi)容相關(guān)的Talking以及SpeakingTask整合在一起,設(shè)計(jì)成“口語課”,訓(xùn)練學(xué)生用英語表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn),并且說明這樣做的理由。 課時三:Pre-readingandReading(閱讀課) 這篇課文是一個志愿者的一封家書,她在巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞共和國的一個小山村教書。信中詳細(xì)地描述了她所在學(xué)校的情況和她去一個學(xué)生家做客的經(jīng)歷。通過這封信,學(xué)生可以了解巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞共和國各部落的生活狀況和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,同時能夠更好地理解志愿者的工作。 課時四:Grammar(語法復(fù)習(xí)課) 本單元的語法重點(diǎn)是復(fù)習(xí)限制性定語從句(RestrictiveAttributiveClause)。學(xué)生已經(jīng)學(xué)過這個語法點(diǎn),所以在這節(jié)課中,首先對限制性定語從句的特征、關(guān)系詞做一個簡要回顧,然后通過多種形式的練習(xí),如填寫關(guān)系詞、造句和翻譯等,使學(xué)生逐步掌握限制性定語從句的用法。這些教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié),如開始部分的聽句子、猜同學(xué)的游戲和結(jié)束部分的翻譯或?qū)懽骶毩?xí),都充分體現(xiàn)了在語境中學(xué)習(xí)語法、在語境中運(yùn)用語法的教學(xué)原則。 課時五:Reading,SpeakingandWritingTask(綜合運(yùn)用課) 這節(jié)語言綜合運(yùn)用課把本單元的第二篇文章和課后練習(xí)中的寫作練習(xí)組合到一起。一方面是由于這篇文章——“世界上最有用的禮物清單”,內(nèi)容比較簡單,不需要用一整節(jié)課來完成;另一方面是課后練習(xí)的寫作任務(wù)——給一個被自己資助的孩子寫封信,既切合本單元幫助他人的主題,題目中又已經(jīng)列出了書信的結(jié)構(gòu),書信的內(nèi)容也是介紹自己的學(xué)習(xí)生活,能夠與學(xué)生的實(shí)際結(jié)合起來,學(xué)生寫起來有話可說。 課時六:SummingUpandLearningTip(總結(jié)復(fù)習(xí)課) 復(fù)習(xí)課分成四個板塊,板塊一是復(fù)習(xí)課文內(nèi)容和重要的詞組句型。復(fù)習(xí)課文內(nèi)容可以通過根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞組復(fù)述課文、回答問題和學(xué)生互批作文(用100詞左右寫一篇介紹部落生活和風(fēng)俗的文章)等活動來完成。這篇作文是閱讀課的家庭作業(yè),放在此處,既檢查了作業(yè),又有助于課文的復(fù)習(xí)。板塊二是復(fù)習(xí)語言知識,主要是用翻譯、填詞以及句型轉(zhuǎn)換來復(fù)習(xí)。板塊三是總結(jié)和概括語法項(xiàng)目。指導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成表格填充、知識樹,使學(xué)生在腦海中對限制性定語從句形成一個完整的概念。板塊四是總結(jié)。討論分享的意義,讓學(xué)生對于本單元的主題有更加清晰完整的認(rèn)識,并且由生活中的分享談到學(xué)習(xí)上的互相合作與分享,即LearningTip的內(nèi)容。學(xué)情分析 1.學(xué)生經(jīng)過高中階段必修1~選修6的學(xué)習(xí),具備了一定的閱讀技能,如查找細(xì)節(jié)信息,猜測詞義,抓住段落要點(diǎn)和全文大意等,在閱讀速度方面也有了較大的提高,這有助于學(xué)生較好地完成這個單元的課文閱讀。同時,在聽、說、寫等方面也有了一定的基礎(chǔ)。 2.這個單元的話題是分享、幫助與合作。對于高二的學(xué)生而言,他們的價(jià)值觀人生觀已經(jīng)基本形成,要想通過一個單元的學(xué)習(xí),完全改變學(xué)生的價(jià)值觀,難度比較大,但教師可以通過本單元安排的內(nèi)容,如閱讀志愿者的家書,了解一些捐助機(jī)構(gòu)的工作,幫助學(xué)生認(rèn)識這個世界,理解互助合作的意義,即在幫助他人的過程中實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的人生價(jià)值。 3.學(xué)生在這個單元的學(xué)習(xí)過程中需要用到預(yù)習(xí)策略、搜集分析信息策略、歸納整理策略及高效復(fù)習(xí)策略等。 Period1 WarmingUpandListening 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1.語言知識目標(biāo) a.認(rèn)識以下單詞和短語: volunteer,clinic,challenging,overthelastfewyears,inthefuture,intwoweekstime,acoupleof,developingcountry,MedecinsSansFrontieres(MSF),Malawi,Sudan,TheFredHollowsFoundation,TheCancerCouncil,YouthintheCity,goblind,belief b.注意以下幾個重要句型: WhydidMarydecidetoworkinadevelopingcountry? IntheSudan,whywasitnearlyimpossibleforMarytogettotheclinicswhentherainscame? WhywereconditionsintheclinicsintheSudanchallenging? 2.語言技能目標(biāo) 通過聽一段采訪,了解默里大夫作為一個志愿者為MedecinsSansFrontieres(MSF)工作的經(jīng)歷,提高學(xué)生聽前預(yù)測、注意細(xì)節(jié)信息等聽力方面的技能。 3.語言能力目標(biāo) 提高學(xué)生注意細(xì)節(jié)信息的聽力能力,同時理解聽力材料中出現(xiàn)的一些重要的詞匯和表達(dá)方式。 4.情感態(tài)度與文化意識目標(biāo) 借助聽力材料,讓學(xué)生思考自己將來是否愿意像默里大夫那樣做志愿服務(wù)工作。把學(xué)生的生活實(shí)際和所聽到的內(nèi)容結(jié)合起來,能夠培養(yǎng)學(xué)生正確的價(jià)值觀。 重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 1.教學(xué)重點(diǎn): a.學(xué)會邊聽邊注意聽力材料中的細(xì)節(jié)信息,并做筆記。 b.在講述個人生平時,常采用時間表達(dá)法。學(xué)會關(guān)注對話中的時間表達(dá)法以及出現(xiàn)的先后次序。 2.教學(xué)難點(diǎn): a.根據(jù)列表掌握聽力中的細(xì)節(jié)信息。 b.學(xué)習(xí)采用時間表達(dá)法來表述一個人的生平。 教學(xué)方法 聽力教學(xué)與合作學(xué)習(xí) 教學(xué)過程 ?Step1 Lead-in 1.T:Haveyoueverhelpedothers?Whatdidyoudotohelpyourparents?Orotherrelatives?Oryourfriends?Orpeopleinyourcommunity?Orpeopleoutsideyourcommunity?Imsureyouhavealottosay.OK,fourstudentsagroupandfinishthefollowingsurveyform. Whatdoyoudotohelp... Name: Name: Name: 1.yourparents? 2.otherrelatives? 3.yourfriends? 4.peopleinyourcommunity? 5.peopleoutsideyourcommunity?Suggestedanswers: Whatdoyoudotohelp... Name:Tom Name:Helen Name:Mary 1.yourparents? Cleanthefloor. Washdishes. Preparesupper. 2.otherrelatives? LendmybooksandCDstothem. Takecareofmycousinwhilehisparentsareaway. Comfortthemwhentheyaresad. 3.yourfriends? Repairtheircomputers. Helpthemwiththelessons. Doshoppingwiththem. 4.peopleinyourcommunity? Beacoachofthefootballlovers. Singanddancefortheelders. Helpmyneighbourscarrythingshome. 5.peopleoutsideyourcommunity? Planttrees. Helppeoplewithdisabilities. Returnthewallettotheowner.2.Makeaclasslistofthedifferentthingsyourclassmatesdoforeachofthegroupsonthesurveyform. 3.Discusswhethersomeonewhohelpsthegroupsonthesurveyformcanbecalleda“volunteer”. T:Whichonecanbecalledavolunteer?Orwhatkindofthingsdovolunteersdo? Onlythosewhoworknotforrewards—especiallymoneyandmaterials,andarenotforcedtodosoarevolunteers.Andnotonlythepersonbutalsothesocietyandtheenvironmentbenefitfromit.Forexample,DrMaryMurraywasavolunteerworkingforMedecinsSansFrontieres(MSF). ?Step2 Pre-listening NowturntoPage35,readExercises1and2inListeningandspeaking,andpredictwhatyouwillhearinthelisteningmaterial.Youcanalsodiscusswithyourpartner. S1:NowJenniferWellsisinterviewingDrMaryMurrayaboutwhathashappenedinMaryslife. S2:SheonceworkedinaclinicinMalawiandSudan. S3:MalawiandSudanaredevelopingcountries. S4:ManychildrendiedwhensheworkedinMalawi. S5:ConditionsintheclinicsintheSudanwereveryterribleandchallenging. S6:MedecinsSansFrontieres(MSF)isanorganizationthatprovidesfreemedicalcaretochildreninpoorcountries. T:Yousee,beforelisteningtotheinterview,youcangetmuchinformation,ifyoustudythequestionscarefully.Nowletslistentotheinterview.PleasepayattentiontothetimeexpressionsbecausetheyusetimeexpressionstotalkaboutMaryslife.Andthennumberthemintheorderyouhearthem. ______inthefuture______duringthe1980s ______foracoupleofmonths______overthelastfewyears ______forafurthersixmonths______intwoweekstime ?Step3 Listening 1.(Theteacherplaysthetapeandthestudentslistentoit.) T:NowletschecktheanswersofExercise1. Keys:__4__inthefuture__1__duringthe1980s __2__foracoupleofmonths__3__overthelastfewyears __6__forafurthersixmonths__5__intwoweekstime 2.T:Listenagain.Whenyouarelistening,youcanmakenotesofMarysexperiencesinthetablebelow.Andshareyournoteswithyourpartnerandthenwithothergroups. Time Place Event The1980s 1992 1997 2001 Now FutureSuggestedanswers: Time Place Event The1980s Sydney Studiedmedicine.GottoknowtwoAfricanstudents. 1992 Africa VisitedhertwoAfricanfriendsandtheirfamilies.Workedintheirlocalhealthclinicforacoupleofmonths. 1997 Malawi VolunteeredwithMSF.WorkedwithchildrenaffectedbyHIV/AIDS. 2001 theSudan Conditionswereverychallengingbecauseoftheheat,therains,thebasicconditionsintheclinics. Now Australia Hasreturnedfortwoweeks. FutureWillreturntotheSudanforsixmoremonths.Afterthat,willprobablyreturntoAfricaagain.3.T:Withapartneranswerthequestionsbeforeyoulistenforathirdtime.Asyoulistencheckyouranswers. (1)WhydidMarydecidetoworkinadevelopingcountry? (2)WhenMaryworkedinaclinicinMalawi,whydidthechildrendie? (3)IntheSudan,whywasitnearlyimpossibleforMarytogettotheclinicswhentherainscame? (4)WhywereconditionsintheclinicsintheSudanchallenging? (5)WhydoesMaryenjoyherjob? Suggestedanswers:(1)BecausewhensheworkedinanAfricanhealthclinic,shesawchildrenwithillnessesthatcouldbeprevented. (2)Becausetheclinicsdidnthaveenoughmedicines. (3)Becausetheroadsbecamesomuddythattheyspentmostoftheirtimediggingthecarout. (4)Becauseitcouldbeveryhot;itcouldbenearlyimpossibletogettotheclinicswhenitrained;theclinicswereverybasicandtheonlytoolsshehadwereastethoscopeandherhands. (5)Shefeelssheishelpingpeoplewhootherwisemaynotgethelp. ?Step4 ListeningonPage70 T:Perhapsyoumaywonderwhatwecandotoservecommunitiesoutsidetheschool?OK,doListeningintheWorkbookonPage70. Firstpredictwhatyouwillhear,accordingtothepictureandExercise1. 1.Listentotheirdiscussionandnumbertheitemsbelowintheorderthatyoufirsthearthem. ______TheCancerCouncil(委員會)______oldpeople ______theenvironment______YouthintheCity ______PlanInternational______childreninhospital ______servingsouptothehomeless______TheFredHollowsFoundation Keys: __3__TheCancerCouncil(委員會)__6__oldpeople __8__theenvironment__4__YouthintheCity __1__PlanInternational__7__childreninhospital __5__servingsouptothehomeless__2__TheFredHollowsFoundation 2.Listenagainandcompletethetable. Organization Whosuggestedit? Whatdoesitdo? 1.PlanInternational Jason Mick Annie2.TheFredHollowsFoundation Jason Mick Annie3.TheCancerCouncil Jason Mick Annie4.YouthintheCity Jason Mick Annie Organization Whosuggestedit? Whatdoesitdo? 1.PlanInternational Mick Sponorschildrenfrompoorcountries. 2.TheFredHollowsFoundation Annie Helpsblindpeoplegettheirsightback. 3.TheCancerCouncil Jason Doesresearchintocancer. 4.YouthintheCity Mick Supportsyoungpeoplefinanciallytostayonatschool.3.Listenagainandlistthestudentssuggestionsforraisingmoney. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Suggestedanswers:1.Runsomecompetitionsatlunchtime. 2.Haveaconcertormovienight. 3.Haveabasketballmatch. 4.Haveapersonalchallenge,likegettingsomeonetosponsorstudentsforwalking25kilometres. 4.Listenagainandlistthewaysthestudentscouldgivetheirtime. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Suggestedanswers:1.ServesouptohomelesspeopleonFridays. 2.Visitoldpeopleandchildreninhospitaleveryweek. 3.Dosomethingfortheenvironment,liketreeplantingorcleaninguprubbish. ?Step5 Conclusion T:Wehavelistenedtotwomaterialsaboutgivinghelptoothers.Idohopeallofuswillhelpthosewhoneedhelp.Remember:Youcanpredictwhatyouwillhearbeforelistening.Whilelistening,youshouldpayattentiontothetimeexpressionsinthepassagewhichisaboutsomepersonsexperiences. Homework: 1.FinishtheListeningTaskonPages75-76.Trytopredictwhatyouwillhearaccordingtothegiveninformationandalsopayattentiontothetimeexpressions. 2.LookformoreinformationaboutMSFontheInternetandshareitwithyourpartner. 古人云,工欲善其事,必先利其器。作為高中教師就要早早地準(zhǔn)備好適合的教案課件。教案可以讓學(xué)生更容易聽懂所講的內(nèi)容,幫助高中教師提前熟悉所教學(xué)的內(nèi)容。優(yōu)秀有創(chuàng)意的高中教案要怎樣寫呢?下面是小編精心收集整理,為您帶來的《SharingPeriod6 SummingUpandLearningTip》,供您參考,希望能夠幫助到大家。 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1.語言知識目標(biāo):掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯的用法,限制性定語從句的特征和關(guān)系詞的使用。 2.語言能力目標(biāo):靈活運(yùn)用本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯,并能夠運(yùn)用限制性定語從句。 3.情感態(tài)度與文化意識目標(biāo):通過討論,明白助人的意義,幫助自己樹立正確的人生觀。 重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 1.教學(xué)重點(diǎn):能夠正確地運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)詞匯和限制性定語從句造句,并且完成語篇輸出。 2.教學(xué)難點(diǎn):運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)詞匯和限制性定語從句進(jìn)行語篇輸出。 教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備 1.學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備:a.復(fù)習(xí)課文內(nèi)容、重點(diǎn)詞匯和語法項(xiàng)目(限制性定語從句); b.再次修改自己的關(guān)于巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞生活狀況和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的習(xí)作。 2.教師的教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備:準(zhǔn)備各種類型的練習(xí),以檢查學(xué)生對于本單元的掌握情況。 3.教學(xué)用具的設(shè)計(jì)和準(zhǔn)備:多媒體課件。 教學(xué)過程 ?Step1 Revisingthepassage 1.RetellthepassageonPage29withthehelpofsomekeyphrases: hearfrom;bedyingto;abushschool;Science;alowbamboohutwithgrassstickingoutoftheroof;platform;leftoverfood;privilege 2.Answersomequestionsaboutthepassage: (1)Whatsthelettermainlyabout? (2)WhydidthewritersendRosemarysomephotos? (3)Whywasthehighschoolcalledabushschool? (4)WeretheboysandvillagersfriendlytoJo?Howdoyouknow? (5)WhywassciencethemostchallengingsubjectforJo? (6)WhatdoyouthinkimpressedthewritermostwhenshepaidavisittoherstudentTombeshome? (7)WhatdoyouthinkarethepositiveandnegativethingsaboutlivinginavillageinPapuaNewGuinea? 3.Getthestudentstoexchangetheircompositionswiththeirpartnersandcorrectthem. Readseveralgoodcompositionsaloudinclassiftimepermits. [設(shè)計(jì)說明]前兩個練習(xí)(根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞復(fù)述課文和回答問題)可以任選一個,作為對課文內(nèi)容的回顧。第三個練習(xí)是學(xué)生互相批改作文(在閱讀課后作為家庭作業(yè)布置的:用100詞左右寫寫村落的生活狀況和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣),同樣可以起到復(fù)習(xí)課文內(nèi)容、加深理解的作用。 ?Step2 Wordsandusefulexpressions 1.句型轉(zhuǎn)換: (1)Onmywaytothemarket,Ihappilymetmyoldfriendbychance,whomIhadntseenformanyyears. Onmywaytothemarket,Ihappily____________myoldfriend,whomIhadntseenformanyyears. (2)Heisveryworriedashehaventreceivedanyletterfromhisgirlfriendforalongtime. Heisveryworriedbecausehehavent____________hisgirlfriendforalongtime. (3)Imeagertoknowtheresultofthefinalexaminationandevencanteatandsleepwellforthat. Im____________knowtheresultofthefinalexaminationandevencanteatandsleepwellforthat. (4)Dontworry!Icantakeasmanyasfourpeopleinmycar. Dontworry!Icantake____________fourpeopleinmycar. Keys:(1)cameacross (2)heardfrom (3)dyingto (4)upto 2.翻譯句子: (1)孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難適應(yīng)新的學(xué)校。(adjustto) (2)他不會借錢給我,那是肯定的。(forsure) (3)志愿者工作會給巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞的人們帶來不同嗎?(makeadifference) (4)我們將組織一些活動給困難中的孩子籌集一些錢。(inneed) (5)湯貝的父親領(lǐng)我們走進(jìn)他的家,一個屋頂上伸出一簇茅草的低矮的竹屋。(stickout) (6)我們學(xué)校的許多學(xué)生都參加了志愿者活動。(participatein) (7)跟湯貝一家度過一天,真是一種殊榮。(Itisaprivilegeto...) Suggestedanswers: (1)Childrenfounditdifficulttoadjusttothenewschool. (2)Hewillnotlendmeanymoney,andthatsforsure. (3)WillthevoluntaryworkmakeanydifferencestothepeopleinPNG? (4)Someactivitieswillbeorganizedtocollectmoneyforchildreninneed./Wewillorganizesomeactivitiestocollectmoneyforchildreninneed. (5)Tombesfatherledustohishouse,alowbamboohutwithgrassstickingoutoftheroof. (6)Manystudentsinourschoolhaveparticipatedinthevolunteeractivities. (7)ItwassuchaprivilegetohavespentadaywithTombesfamily. [設(shè)計(jì)說明]在語言知識復(fù)習(xí)部分,設(shè)計(jì)了兩個練習(xí)(句型轉(zhuǎn)換和翻譯句子),目的在于幫助學(xué)生掌握本單元一些重要詞組的用法和使用語境。另外,還可以將翻譯設(shè)計(jì)為以下形式: (1)孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難適應(yīng)新的學(xué)校。 Childrenfounditdifficultto____________thenewschool. (2)他不會借錢給我,那是肯定的。 Hewillnotlendmeanymoney,andthats____________. ?Step3 Grammar 1.Makeachartoftherelativepronounsandadverbs. 先行詞是物 先行詞是人 先行詞是人/物 先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞 先行詞是時間名詞 先行詞通常為reason 主 賓 主 賓 定 狀 狀 狀 關(guān)系代詞 which that who whom whose 關(guān)系副詞 where when why 2.Fillintheblankswithproperrelativepronounsoradverbs. (1)Hangzhouisacity______thereisabeautifullake. (2)Hangzhouisacity______hasabeautifullake. (3)Canyoutellmethedate______Lincolnwaskilled? (4)Canyoutellmethedateon______Lincolnwaskilled? (5)Theschool______Istudiedhadmodernequipment. (6)Theschool______wasbuiltlastyearhadmodernequipment. (7)Thisisthefactory______hevisitedlastyear. (8)Thisisthefactory______heonceworked. (9)Illneverforgetthedays______weplayedtogetherinthecountry. (10)Illneverforgetthedays______wespenttogetherinthecountry. (11)Doyouknowthereason______shewaslate? (12)Thisteacher,with______sonIwork,islikedbyallthestudents. Keys:(1)where (2)which/that (3)when (4)which (5)where (6)which/that (7)which/that (8)where (9)when (10)which/that (11)why (12)whose [設(shè)計(jì)說明]如果學(xué)生程度較好,教師可以指導(dǎo)他們根據(jù)語法課上的知識自己編制表格,程度較弱,教師就給出表格框架,由學(xué)生填上五角星標(biāo)注的部分,以此幫助學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)限制性定語從句,之后再做“用合適的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空”的練習(xí),進(jìn)一步鞏固語法。 ?Step4 Learningtip 1.Q:Whydothepeopledovolunteerwork? (Volunteeringgivespeoplethechancetoexploreavenuesthatwouldnotusuallybeopentothem.Thisexperienceenablesanexchangeofculturalandsocialcontactbetweenvolunteersandtheirhostnationals.Itenablespeopletolearnnewskillsandlanguages,todevelopandgainpracticalexperienceinthefield,insometimesdemandingconditions,andtodevelopleadershipandteamworkskills.Inaddition,personaldevelopmentwhichisdifficulttoevaluate,isoneofthegreatestbenefitstoworkingandtravellingamongpeoplefromdifferentcultures.) T:Weshouldhelpwitheachother,notonlyinlife,butalsoinstudy. 2.ReadLearningTip. 3.FillintheformofSummingUpandcollectthestudentsforms. [設(shè)計(jì)說明]這個單元的主題是互助合作。討論加深了學(xué)生對于志愿者工作和互助合作的理解。LearningTip說到了學(xué)習(xí)方面的互相合作,這對于學(xué)生的英語學(xué)習(xí)有指導(dǎo)意義。最后要求填寫本單元的總結(jié)表格。教師可以把表格打印出來,在學(xué)生完成后,收好學(xué)生的表格,以更好地了解學(xué)生對于本單元內(nèi)容的掌握。 備課資料 AboutPapuaNewGuinea Geography PapuaNewGuineaisthelargestdevelopingcountryintheSouthPacificregion. Its463000squarekilometersoflandarea,aseaareaof3.12millionsquarekilometersand600separateislandsmakeuponeofthemostdiverserepositoriesofgeographic,biological,linguisticandculturalwealthonearth. PNGhasmorethan5%oftheworldsbiodiversityinlessthan1%oftheworldstotallandarea. Population Accordingtothe2000Census,between1980and2000PNGspopulationgrewbyanannualaveragerateof2.7%to5.19million. TheSouthernHighlandsProvince,followedbyWesternNewBritain,recordedthehighestpopulationgrowthof4.2%and3.8%respectively.ApproximatelyhalfofPNGstotalpopulationisunder19yearsold. Mostofthepopulationlivesinruralcommunitiesbasedonthetraditionalvillagestructureanddependentonsubsistencefarmingsupplementedbycashcropping.Only15-20%ofPapuaNewGuineansliveinthemainurbanareasofPortMoresby,Lae,Madang,MtHaganandGoroka. Economy PNGhasarelativelysmalldualeconomy,comprisingaformalandinformaleconomy.Theformaleconomyisdominatedbylarge-scaleresourceprojects,particularlyinminingandpetroleum,andprovidesalargeproportionofgovernmentrevenue. Theinformaleconomysupports85%ofthepeoplethroughsemi-subsistenceagriculture.Theformalsectoremploysaround15%oftheworkforce. PNGhasanabundanceofnaturalresourcesincluding: ?Largereservesofminerals ?Extensiveforestryandfisheryassets ?Significantpotentialforagriculturalexpansion ?Manybeautifullocationswithpotentialforecologicalandculturaltourism. Despitethepotentialoftheseresources,PNGseconomicperformancehasfallenshortofexpectations.Economicgrowthhasnotkeptupwithpopulationgrowthandperformancevariesconsiderablyfromyeartoyear. During2004,PNGseconomygrewbecauseofbuoyantcommoditypricesandgoodfiscalmanagementbygovernment.IncreasedforeignreservesandastrengthenedKinahelpedinflationandinterestratesremainlow.WithmoderateGDPgrowth,risingtaxreceiptsandreducedgovernmentborrowingcosts,thePNGGovernmentsfiscaldeficitisexpectedtoremainsmall,despiteamodestsurplusin2004. However,withweakmediumtermrevenueprospects,PNGneedstoconsolidateandbuildoncurrenteconomicandfiscalprogressandprovidesocialservicesandaregulatoryframeworktosupportbroadbasedeconomicgrowth.PNGneedsimprovedaccountabilityandgovernancemechanisms,includingpublicexpendituremanagementandpublicsectorreform,topromoteandsafeguardimprovedproductivity. Withminingandpetroleumsectorproductionforecasttodeclinefrom2006,majorchallengesforthePNGGovernmentincludemakinggooduseofexistingrevenue,expandingthenon-miningsectorandensuringeconomicstabilitythroughcontinuedpoliticalandsocialreforms. Socialindicators PNGspopulationhassufferedsignificantdeclinesinlivingstandardsinrecentyearsduetoworseningeconomicperformance.Althoughthecountrydoesnotexhibitthewidespreadabjectpovertypresentinsomedevelopingcountries,poorhealthandsocialindicatorsshowthatpovertyisarealproblem. PNGsmainsocialindicators,suchaslifeexpectancyandmaternalandchildmortalityrates,showimprovementssince1975,butarestillwellbelowtheaveragesforlowermiddleincomecountries(LMICs). PNGstillhaslimitedprimaryhealthcare.Infectiousdiseasesareclaimingmanylives,andthereareseriouspublichealthrisksfromendemicdiseasessuchasmalaria,andanemergingHIV/AIDSepidemic.Anestimated1.7%ofpeopleinPNGcarrythevirus. Ineducation,therateofparticipationinprimaryschoolingisimproving,butitremainslowerthaninmostothercountriesintheregion. Basicsocialandeconomicindicators Landarea452900km Seaarea3120000km2 CapitalPortMoresby Population(2000)5.12million Populationaveragegrowthrate(1980-00)2.7percentayear Urbanpopulation(2004)13percent Totalfertilityrate(2003)4.3birthsperwoman Lifeexpectancyatbirth(2003)57.2years Infantmortality(2003)69per1000livebirths Underfivemortalityrate(2003)93per1000livebirths Maternalmortalityratio(2002)300per100000deliveries Malariaincidence(2000)1688casesper100000people Populationusingimprovedwatersources(2002)39percent Immunisationagainstmeasles(2003)49percentunder12months EstimatedHIVprevalence(2003)1.7percentoftotalpopulation Adultliteracyrate(2002)64.6percentofage15andabove Femaleadultliteracyrate(2002)57.7percentofage15andabove Womeningovernment(2005)0.9percentofseats Grossnationalincomeperperson(2003)US0 GDPaveragegrowthrate(2003)3percentayear GDPaveragegrowthrateperperson(1990-2002)0.5percentayear MedicinesSansFrontiers TodayMSFisthelargestprivateurgentmedicalaideNGOintheworld. HerearesomeconcreteexamplesofwhatMSFdoes: 256foramedicalkit.Thankstotheemergencymedicalkit,MSFisabletobeoperational24Hinanycountryintheworld.Forexamplethe“basic”medicalkitallowsMSFtotreat1000peoplefor3month.Itismeantforthedispensaryandconsistsofallessentialmedicins,bandagesandproductstodisinfectalongwithstandardmedicalequipment. 24totreatacholerapatient.TheMSF“Cholera”kitallowsMSFtofaceanimminentcholeraepidemic.Itcontains4000Lofdrips,antibiotics,plastifiedcoversheets,soap,disinfectantandchlorinatedwateraswellasglovesforthenursingstaff.Thekitismeanttotreat625patientsandcosts14.876or24perperson. 179totransport100kilogramsofmedicins.In2000,MSFmoved1.548tonnesofmedicines,medicalandlogisticequipmentto35countries.Ofcoursecostsdifferfromdestinationtodestinationandfromtypeoftransporttotypeoftransportbutoverhalfofthegoodsaretransportedbyplane,aquarterbyboatandtherestbyroad. 92tovaccinate100children.TheMSF“vaccination”kitedisadaptedtotreat10.000people.Itcontainsrefrigeratorsandcoldpackstoensurethatthevaccinsremaincold,singleuseneedles,vaccinsandmedicalequipmentneededfor5teamsofvaccinators.Allthisforatotalcostof9.231.75.SharingPeriod4 Grammar
SharingPeriod1 WarmingUpandListening
SharingPeriod6 SummingUpandLearningTip
限制性定語從句關(guān)系詞一覽表SharingPeriod2 Speaking
Period2 Speaking
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1.語言知識目標(biāo):
(1)掌握以下重點(diǎn)單詞和短語的用法,并能加以運(yùn)用:
inthefuture,share...with...,socialwelfareprogramme,afford,sponsor,donate,cover,primaryschool,participatein
(2)熟悉以下句式:
Whywouldyou...?
Howcouldyoudothat?
BecauseIwanttosharewithothers...
First,findsomeinformationthrough...
Thereasonisthat...
Then...Next...Finally...
2.語言能力目標(biāo):
學(xué)生能夠使用時間表達(dá)法介紹一個人的生平或經(jīng)歷。
3.情感態(tài)度與文化意識目標(biāo):
了解“希望工程”及其他助人組織的情況,使學(xué)生懂得珍惜自己所擁有的,同時盡自己所能去幫助需要幫助的人。
重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)
1.教學(xué)重點(diǎn):使學(xué)生能夠列出某一個看法的幾點(diǎn)原因,知道如何表達(dá)和支持某一個觀點(diǎn)
2.教學(xué)難點(diǎn):能夠用英語準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)自己的想法,并且快速找到支持自己觀點(diǎn)的論據(jù)
教學(xué)方法
討論與口頭表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)
教學(xué)過程
?Step1 Checkingthehomework
?Step2 Discussion
T:WelistenedtotheinterviewaboutDrMaryMurray.Fromtheinterview,weknowthatsheworkedforMSFandhelpedpeopleinpoorareasasavolunteer.
Q1:DoyouthinkwhetherpeoplelikeDrMaryMurrayandProfessorFredHollowsshouldhelpthoseinpoorerareas?Giveyourreasons.
(Fourstudentsagroupandhaveadiscussion.Thenasksomeofthemtopresenttheiropinionsandreasons.)
S1:Inmyopinion,DrMaryMurrayandProfessorFredHollowsshouldhelpthoseinpoorerareas.AndIwouldliketobeavolunteerifpossible.Thereasonisthatwe,eitherpoororrich,liveonthesameplanet.JustasJohnF.Kennedysaidinhisinauguraladdress,“Ifafreesocietycannothelpthemanywhoarepoor,itcannotsavethefewwhoarerich.”
S2:Humanismorhumanitarianismisanecessaryqualityforushumanbeings.Weshouldsharewhatwehaveandhelpthosewhoarebadlyinneedofhelp.Iwillbecomeavolunteeriftimepermits.ActuallyIoftenhelpthosewhoneedhelp.Forexample,everySunday,Itakemyneighbour,adisabledgirl,totheparktorefreshherself.Andwetalkalot,andIthinkIhelpheralot,whichmakesmeveryhappy.
S3:Iagreewiththem,butIthinkthemostimportantthingisthatweshouldtrytohelpthepoortobeindependentinsteadofjustgivingthemfoodandclothes.
S4:Ihaveadifferentidea.Itsnotwrongtohelpthepoor.Butaccordingtomyexperience,helpingthepoorisnotalwaysapleasantexperience.
S5:Icantagreemore.Ioncereadanarticleaboutsuchkindofthings.The“poor”arenotalwayssonoble,andtheyarethehardesttodealwith.Peoplewhodealwiththepoorcantellahundredstoriesabouthowtheywastemoneyandopportunities.Youbringfoodtotheirhomeandnoticealarge-screenTV.Yougivethemmoneyandtheybuygroceriesatthenearbyconveniencestore(wherepricesareveryhigh).YouhavetheircarfixedandfindoutitisaBuickSkylark.Wheneveryouvisitthem,theyarewatchingTV.
S6:Maybewhatyousaidistrue.However,itisnotrighttoletthepoorfightalonewiththeirmanyproblemscomingfrompoverty.Unlesswedosomethingaboutpoverty,theproblemswillremain.
Q2:WouldyouliketoworkasavolunteerlikeDrMaryMurrayinthefuture?
Completethetablebelowandthenshareyourideaswithyourpartner.
WhatIwoulddo
WhereIwouldliketogo
HowlongIwouldstay
Afterthestudentshavesharedtheirideaswitheachother,askseveralstudentstotelltheclassabouttheirideaswithoutlookingatthechart.
Samples:
S1:IfImavolunteer,Idliketogotothewesternpartofourcountry.Becausemanypeopletherecantgetaccesstocleandrinkingwater,andquiteafewdevelopstrangediseases.IthinkIcanhelpthem.Iknowhowtomakewatercleanforthem.Andfrommygrandfather,IlearnedtotreatsomediseaseswithChinesemedicine.Iwouldliketospendasmanydaysormonthsaspossibletohelpthemifpossible.Iwillworkasadoctortocurediseases.Ofcourse,Iwilllearnmoretraditionalmethodstotreatdifferentdiseases.
S2:IfImavolunteer,IdliketogotoAfrica.Becausemanypeopletherearetoopoortogetformaleducation.Justbecauseofthat,manysufferfromAIDSorothercontagiousdiseases.Idliketosharemyskillsofbeingateacherandteachthem.Ifpossible,Iwillworkthereforayearandthencomebacktofinishmyeducation.AndthenIwillreturntotheplacetoworkagain.Inthisway,Icanhelpthemgetthelatestinformationabouttheworldandaboutscienceandtechnology.Ofcourse,IcanalsogettoknowAfricaandAfricanpeoplebetter,inordertohelpthemhelpthemselves.BecauseIknow“Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.”
S3:Iwillgotothehospitalnearmycommunity.Therearealotofdisabledpeoplewhohavenoonetohelpthem.Theyarelonelyandsad.Iwouldliketotalkwiththem,readtothem,andevensingwiththem.Inthisway,Icanhelpthemgetenoughcouragefortheirfuturelife.IwillgothereeverySunday,andifpossible,Iwillpersuademyfriendstogotherewithme.Thenmoreandmorepeoplewillofferhelp,andmoreandmoredisabledpeoplewillgethelp.Ijustwanttobeavolunteer,whichdoesnotneedanyspecialskills.Iwilllearnhowtotakecareoftheelderandthesick.
?Step3 Speakingtask
T:Imgladthatyouareallwillingtohelpothers.Inordertobegoodvolunteers,whatshouldwedo?Doyouknowthatinourcountrytherearestillalotofchildrenwhocantgotoschool?Andthereisaprojectwhichaimstohelpthem.Whatisit?(GivesomeinformationaboutProjectHope.)
ProjectHope
ProjectHopehasbroughthopetochildrenoverthepast10years,saidanationalworkingconferenceheldinHarbinonSaturday.
ProjectHope,whichwasfirstlaunchedinOctober1989,isanationwideeducationalprojecttohelpmainlyschooldropoutsinoutlying,poverty-strickenareasresumetheirschooling.
Accordingtothelateststatistics,ProjectHoperaised1.78billionyuan(US4million)byJune,1999,whichaided2.209millioneducation-deprivedchildrentogotoschooland7549Hopeschoolstobebuilt.
ItissaidthatthepastthreeyearswitnessedthelargestamountoffundsraisedforProjectHope.Thevolumeaccountedfornearlyhalfofthetotalraisedinthelast10yearswhilethenumberofHopeschoolsbuiltmadeupmorethanhalf.
Sincelastyear,thestrategicfocusofProjectHopehasgraduallybeenshiftedfromthepreviouswidespreadaidtothecultivationofexcellentstudentsandfollow-upsupportforHopeschools.
ThemaintasksofProjectHopeinthefuturewillconcentrateonbuildingmoreHopeschools,strengtheningthetrainingofteachersoftheseschools,equippingtheschoolswithcomputersandrelatededucationsoftware,anddevelopinglong-rangeeducation.
T:Whohaseversponsoredachildorissponsoringachildfromapoorarea?Haveyourparents,relativesorfriendssponsoredachildthroughProjectHope?
Whenyougrowupandgetajob,wouldyouliketoparticipateinProjectHopebysponsoringachildfromapoorarea?Andwhy?
Fourstudentsagroup.Shareyouropinionswithyourpartner.Trytofindoutreasonsforyouranswer.Ifyoudecidedtosponsorachild,howwouldyoudoit?Theexpressionsbelowmaybeusefulinyourdiscussion.
Whywouldyou...?
BecauseIwanttosharewithothers...
Thereasonisthat... Then... Next... Finally...
Howcouldyoudothat?
First,findsomeinformationthrough...
Asamplediscussion:
S1:IwouldliketosponsorachildfromapoorareathroughProjectHope.
S2:Whywouldyouliketodothat?
S1:BecauseIthinkschooleducationisveryimportantforaperson,especiallythoseinpoorareas.Iftheyfailtoreceiveeducation,theywillgetpoorerandpoorer.Dontyouknowthesayingthat“knowledgechangesfate”?
S2:SureIknowthat.Buthowcouldyoudothat?
S1:First,findsomeinformationthroughnewspapersandtheInternet,andgetintouchwithsomechildren.Afterknowingtheirconditions,wecandosomethingtohelp.Forexample,iftheycantaffordthemoneytogotoschoolordonthavebooksandschoolbags,wecanuseourpocketmoneytohelpthem.
S3:Buthowcouldyouknowthatyouaresponsoringtherightchildwhoreallyneedshelp?
S4:WhydontwegetintouchwithChinaYouthDevelopmentFoundationfirst,andthroughitwecangetenoughinformation.
Se:Ihaveagoodidea.WecanraisemoneyforProjectHope.First,wecanmakeaplanforraisingmoney.Wecandesignaslogan“DonateforProjectHope,helpchildrenwhocantgotoschool”.Then,weprintsomeleaflets,tellingpeopleaboutProjectHope.Next,wegotoparksonSundays,andcollectmoneyforProjectHope.ImsurewewillcollectalotofmoneyforProjectHope.Finally,wecanmailthemoneytoChinaYouthDevelopmentFoundation.
?Step4 Talking
ImaginethatyouhaveaCCCatyourschoolandyouarepartofit.Ingroups,carryoutthefollowingtasks.Thenchooseagroupmembertopresentyourdecisionstotheclass.
1.ListthekindsofChineseorganizationsyouwouldliketoraisemoneyfor.
2.Howwouldyouraisethismoney?
3.Listthekindsoforganizationsyouwouldliketogiveyourtimeto.
4.Whatwouldyoudoforthatorganization?
Asampleplan:
Asfarasweknow,therearemanykindsofChineseorganizationsthatneedpeoplesdonation,forexample,ChinaCharityisthecountryslargestcharitableorganization:TheChinaCharityFederation(CCF);RedCrossSociety;SongChingLingFoundation;ChinasWelfareHomesforChildren;ProjectHope.
Wewouldpostaposterontheschoolbulletinboard,tellingthestudentsthatmanychildrenaresufferingfromdiseasesbecausetheydonthavemoneyformedicineandthatmanychildrencantgotoschoolbecauseofpoverty.Weshouldtryourbesttohelpthem,makingthebestofourpocketmoney.Wewouldevengetsomepicturesorvideosaboutthepoor.Inthisway,wecanraisemoneyfortheseorganizations.Ofcourse,wecanalsogethelpfromlocalTVstationsandnewspapers,whichcanreachawiderangeofaudienceandreaders.
Wewouldliketogiveourtimeto:1.TheLocalOrphanage2.HomeforSeniorCitizens3.Hospitals.
Duringthesummerholidaysandwinterholidays,wewouldliketospendtimetalkingwiththelonelyseniorcitizensandtakingcareofthem.AftertheSpringFestival,wewouldtakeadvantageofthechancetoraisemoneyforProjectHopeorotherorganizations.Ifpossible,wewouldliketovisittheorphanswhenwearefree.But,whatapity,weusuallyhavelessonsonweekends,evenonSundays.Nevertheless,wewilltryourbesttohelp.
Homework:
PreviewthereadingpassageonPage29.
FinishExercises12onPage31.