高中英語必修二教案

高二英語Livingwithtechnology教案。

Module7ImprovingourlivesUnit1LivingwithtechnologyWelcometotheunitUsefulwords

dustcatcher吸塵器flatiron[flt,ain]熨斗electricricecooker電鍋electromagneticoven電磁爐electroniccalculator計(jì)算器electricfan電風(fēng)扇hairdryer干發(fā)器gramophone留聲機(jī)

radiation輻射antennae[nten]天線

Usefulphrasesbeinventedtomeetpeople’sneeds為滿足民眾的需求而被發(fā)明improvepeople’slivestosomedegree在一定程度上改善了人民的生活LanguagePoints1.Technologicaldevelopmentsinthelastfewdecadeshavebeenbreathtaking.

breathtaking

adj.veryimpressive,exciting,orsurprising

abreathtakingcarrace驚險(xiǎn)的汽車比賽

thebreathtakingnaturalbeauty/sceneryoftherainforests熱帶雨林令人驚嘆的自然美景

2.EarlyTVwasinblackandwhiteandhadfuzzypictures.

fuzzy

adj.unclear;coveredwithsoftshorthair/fur失真的;模糊的

afewfuzzymemoriesofhisgrandparents對(duì)祖父母的一些模糊的記憶

afuzzyvideotapeofthebankrobbery一盤模糊的銀行劫案的錄像帶

3.Withmobilephones,wecankeepintouchwithotherswhereverweare.

however

作連詞，不管用什么方法Youcantravelhoweveryoulike.

作副詞，“無論如何”、“不管怎樣”Youwontmovethatstone,howeverstrongyouare.

作副詞，“究竟怎么”（表示驚奇）Howeverdidyougetherewithoutacar?whenever

作連詞，“任何時(shí)候”Illdiscussitwithyouwheneveryoulike.作副詞，“任何時(shí)間”“任何時(shí)候”HemightturnuponMonday,orFriday,orwhenever,andexpecttobegivenameal.

wherever

作連詞，“在任何地方”、“到任何地方”、“在任何情況下”Sitwhereveryoulike.

whatever

作代詞,無論,不管Keepcalm,whateverhappens

作代詞，任何,每樣Wewillbegratefulforwhateveramountyoucanafford.orwhatever:或其他類似的事物Takeanysportbasketball,icehockey,swimmingorwhatever.作形容詞，“任何的”、“無論什么的”、“任何種類、程度等的”Takewhatevermeasuresyouconsiderbest.

touch

取得/保持聯(lián)系WereinclosetouchwithourofficeinSpain.

losetouch失去聯(lián)系Welosttouchovertheyears4.Howhavedifferentelectronicdeviceschangedovertime?

electronic電子的electricityn.

electric用(帶)電的，產(chǎn)生電的

electrical和電有關(guān)的，電的+moregeneralnouns

electronicdictionaries/music/banking/mail

anelectriccable/blanket/fan/cooker

electricalequipment/devices/appliances

anelectricalfault/engineer

anelectric(al)company/current/shockReading

PartA1.WhendidregularpublicTVbroadcastingbeginaroundtheworld?Itbeganon11May1928inNewYorkandinLondonon20Agugust1929.2.WhatisWebTV?ItistheTVsetcombinedwiththeWorldWideWeb.3.Whatwasinventedin1954?Thecassetterecorder.PartC1TTFFFTT

PartC2YearEvent1877Firstrecordingofahumanvoicewasmade1925FirstpublicshowingsofwirelessTVtransmissionsweremadeintheUSA.1948CableTVbeganintheUSA;3Americanscientistsinventedthetransistor1951ColorbroadcastsbeganintheUSA.1954Inventionoftransistorledtothedevelopmentofcassetterecorders1958FirstLPs(long-playrecords)cameontothemarket1962SatellitebegantobeusedtobroadcastTV.1982FirstCDsproducedbyusingdigitaltechnologyweremadeavailable1987DevelopmentofMP3technologystartedinGermany1989InternationalstandardsfordigitalTVwereestablished1992DevelopmentofMDpalyerbegan.1996FirstWebTVset-topboxescameontothemarket.LanguagePoints1.SomeconsiderdigitalTVtobesuperiortosatelliteTV.(page2,line19)

consider

beoftheopinion;regardsb/sthassth認(rèn)為;視某人[某事物]為:Weconsiderthatyouarenottoblame.我們認(rèn)為不該責(zé)怪你.
*Weconsiderthis(tobe)veryimportant.我們認(rèn)為這非常重要.
*Doyouconsideritwisetointerfere?你認(rèn)為應(yīng)該干預(yù)嗎?
*Hewillbeconsideredaweakleader.他會(huì)被認(rèn)為是個(gè)軟弱無能的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人.
*apaintingpreviouslyconsideredasworthless,butwhichnowturnsouttobeveryvaluable一幅先前認(rèn)為毫無價(jià)值的畫,現(xiàn)在卻變成了珍品
*Hesgenerallyconsideredtohavethefinesttenorvoiceinthecountry.現(xiàn)在公認(rèn)他是該國最佳的男高音歌手.
*(formal)Hesverywellconsidered(ifpeoplehaveahighopinionofhim)withinthecompany.他在公司中受到很高的評(píng)價(jià).

*Consideryourself(ifYouare)underarrest.你已被逮捕.

superiorn.長者,高手,上級(jí)besuperiorto“比……好,比…..強(qiáng)”Inmyopinion,trousersmadebyhandaresuperiortothosemadebymachines.

在我看來,手工制作的褲子要比機(jī)器加工的好.

Ofthetwobooks,Ithinkthisoneissuperiortothat.

就這兩本書而言,我認(rèn)為這本比那本更好.

Wewillneedaletterofrecommendationfromoneofyoursuperiors.
我們需要一封你們領(lǐng)導(dǎo)寫的推薦信.

immediatesuperiors頂頭上司superiority[sju:,piririti]n.優(yōu)越,高傲[化]優(yōu)越性2.Atthattime,therecordplayerhadtobewoundupbyhandandonlyplayedarecordfortwominutes(page3,line31-32)

windtoturnortwistThenursewoundabandagearoundmyfingersothatbleedingcouldbestopped.

Thelittleboywoundhisarmsaroundhismother’swaistandpreventedherleaving.

Remembertowindtheclockeverynightbeforeyougotobedifyoudonotwantittostop.

3.ThiscombinestheTVsetwiththeworldWideWeb.(page2,line25)

combine…with…tojoinsomethingtogetherwithAgoodwayofteachingchildrenistocombineteachingwithpleasure.

Theoryshouldbecombinedwithpractice.

Inwater,twoatomsofhydrogenarecombinedwithanatomofoxygen.

4.Itallbeganin1877whenThomasEdisonmadethefirstrecordingofahumanvoice.(page3,lines29-30)

recording

l[C]soundorpicturesthathavebeenrecordedontape,video,etc:acassette/tape/videorecording◆ahitrecordingoncassetteandCD◆arecordingofEnglishmusicforclarinetandorchestra

l[U]theprocessofmakingarecord,tape,film/movie,etc:duringtherecordingoftheshow◆recordingequipment/techniques◆arecordingsession/studio

l[U]theprocessoractofwritingdownandstoringinformationforofficialpurposes:therecordingoffinancialtransactions

makearecordingof錄制

5.Theyboughtthepatentandappliedthetechnologytocreatethetransistorradio.(page3,lines39-40)

applytobringorputintouseoroperation運(yùn)用,應(yīng)用某事物toapplyeconomicsanctions/politicalpressure◆Thenewtechnologywasappliedtofarming.

Scientificdiscoveriesareoftenappliedtoindustrialprocesses.科學(xué)上的發(fā)明通常都應(yīng)用于工業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程.

makeaformalrequest申請(qǐng);請(qǐng)求

Youshouldapplyimmediately,inpersonorbyletter.你應(yīng)該立即申請(qǐng),親自去也好,寫信也好.

*applytothepublishersforpermissiontoreprintanextract向出版者請(qǐng)求準(zhǔn)予轉(zhuǎn)印節(jié)錄

*applyforajob,post,passport,visa申請(qǐng)工作﹑職位﹑護(hù)照﹑簽證.

make(alaw,etc)operateorbecomeeffective使（法律等）實(shí)施或生效

applyalaw/rule/precept執(zhí)行法律[規(guī)則/規(guī)程]*applyeconomicsanctions施行經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁.6.Inthefollowingyears,moreCDrecordingsbecameavailable,andin1988,forthefirsttimeever,peopleweredemandingmoreCDsthanLPs.(page3,lines48-49)

demandneed,toneedinordertobesuccessful需求（某事物）;需要demand+n/prnoun/toinfinitive/objectclauseThissortofworkdemandsgreatpatience.這種工作需要極大耐性.
*Doestheletterdemandanimmediateanswer?=Mustitbeansweredatonce?

Theworkofateacherdemandsgreatcareandpatience.教師的工作需要極大的細(xì)心和耐心.

demandaskfor(sth)asifoneiscommanding,orasifonehasarighttodoso要求,請(qǐng)求（某事物）demandanapology(fromsb)要求（某人）道歉

*Theworkersaredemandingbetterpay.工人要求提高工資.

Shedemandedtospeaktothemanager.她要求跟經(jīng)理談話.

Hedemandsthathe(should)betold/demandstobetoldeverything.他要求將一切都告訴他.

demand(forsbtodosth);~(forsth/that...)
command,orsthwhichisgivenasifitwasacommand要求;請(qǐng)求receiveataxdemand接到納稅通知Itisimpossibletosatisfyallyourdemands.滿足你所有的要求是不可能的.TherehavebeenfreshdemandsforthePrimeMinistertoresign.人們最近不斷要求首相辭職.*demandsforreform/thatthereshouldbereform改革要求.supplyanddemand[經(jīng)]供應(yīng)與需求7.DevelopmentofMP3technologystartedin1987inGermanyandsincethebeginningof1999,thepopularityofMP3hasincreasedtosuchadegreethatmajorcorporationsaretakingovertheportablemusicplayermarketwithMP3players.(page3,lines53-56)

degree[C,U]steporstageinascaleorseries程度;等級(jí)Sheshowsahighdegreeofskillinherwork.她在工作中表現(xiàn)出高度的技巧.

Hewasnotintheslightestdegreeinterested,iewascompletelyuninterested.他絲毫不感興趣.

*Towhatdegree(=Towhatextent,Howmuch)washeinvolvedinthecrimes?他在多大程度上參與了這些犯罪活動(dòng)?

Thechildrenhavedifferentdegreesofability.孩子的能力高低各不相同.

Towhatdegreecantheybetrusted.對(duì)他們能信任到什么程度.

Towhatdegreeissheinterestedinfilms?她對(duì)電影的興趣都到了什么程度了?8.BecauseofthepopularityofMP3players,musicwebsiteshavesprungupallovertheInternetofferingMP3musicforpeopletopurchase.(page3,lines57-58)

springupappear,develop,grow,etcquicklyorsuddenly迅速地或突然地出現(xiàn)﹑發(fā)展﹑生長等weedsspringingupeverywhere很快長得到處都是的雜草

Abreezesprangupaswewerereturning.我們回來時(shí)突然起了一陣輕風(fēng).

Newhouseswerespringingupalloverthetown.全鎮(zhèn)各處很快蓋起了新房子.

springoutofbedspringtoone’sfeet(=standupsuddenly)springn.春天；彈簧,發(fā)條；泉9.GermanywasthebirthplaceofMP3,notJapanortheUSAasIhadassumedtheywouldbe.(page5)

assume

Ididntseeyourcar,soIassumedyoudgoneout.我沒有看見你的汽車，所以以為你已經(jīng)出去了

AssumingthatthispaintingisreallyaVanGogh,howmuchdoyouthinkit’sworth?ImportantWordsdelightverb

[VN]togivesbalotofpleasureandenjoyment:Thisnewswilldelighthisfansallovertheworld.

PhrasalVerbs:delightinsth/doingsth[nopassive]toenjoydoingsthverymuch,especiallysththatmakesotherpeoplefeelembarrassed,uncomfortable,etc.varietyn

[U]qualityofnotbeingthesame,ornotbeingthesameatalltimes

offer,show,lackvariety提供﹑顯示出﹑缺乏多樣化的事物

*alifefullofchangeandvariety豐富多彩的生活

*Weallneedvarietyinourdiet.我們都需要飲食多樣化.

[sing]~(ofsth)numberorrangeofdifferentthings;assortment若干不同的事物（的混合）

Heleftforavarietyofreasons.他由於種種原因而離開了.

*alarge/widevarietyofpatternstochoosefrom可供選擇的種類繁多的花樣.

varietystore(US)shopsellingawiderangeofsmallinexpensiveitems雜貨鋪.WordPowerImportantWords

function

1work;operate起作用;運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn):Hisbrainseemstobefunctioningnormally.他的大腦看來功能正常.*Thismachinehasstoppedfunctioning=isoutoforder.這機(jī)器壞了.

Wenowhaveafunctioningshower.

2~assthworkassth;operateorperformthefunctionofthethingspecified起某物的作用;具有某物的功能;起到所述事物的作用

Thesofacanalsofunctionasabed.這沙發(fā)也可以當(dāng)床.

SomeEnglishadverbsfunctionasadjectives.英語中有些副詞可作形容詞用.Grammarandusage

ImportantWords

1.direction(p8)

n.[U]controlorinstruction:命令Theprojectwasunderthedirectionofawell-knownacademic.[C]thepositiontowardswhichsomeoneorsth.movesorfaces:方向TomwentoffinonedirectionandHarryinanother.湯姆朝一個(gè)方向走,哈里則朝另一個(gè)方向

*Theaircraftwasflyinginanortherlydirection.飛機(jī)正在向北飛去.

*Thesignpostpointsinawesterlydirection.路標(biāo)指向西.[C,pl.]informationorinstructionsaboutwhattodo,wheretogo,howtodosth,etc指南;指示;說明書;用法說明;操作說明:Simpledirectionsforassemblingthemodelareprintedonthebox.盒上印有裝配模型的簡要說明.

*Igavehimfulldirectionstoenablehimtofindthehouse.我向他作了詳細(xì)說明,好讓他能找到那房子.

[U]management;supervision;guidance管理;監(jiān)督;指導(dǎo);指點(diǎn):

Hedidtheworkundermydirection.他在我的指導(dǎo)下做這件事.

*Shewasentrustedwiththedirectionoftheproject.她受委托負(fù)責(zé)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃.

*Hefeelstheneedforfirmdirection=wantssbtoguideandadvisehim.

directions[pl]addressonaletter,parcel,etc（信件﹑包裹等上的）姓名地址:

Theparcelwasreturnedtothesenderbecausethedirectionswereincorrect.包裹因姓名地址有誤而退給了寄件人.2.anyhow(p8)

=ANYWAY,whateverthefactsmaybe;inspiteofthis;atleast無論如何;即使如此;至少Itstoolatenow,anyhow.無論如何現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)太遲了.*Anyhow,youcantry.至少你可以試試.

inacarelessway;notarrangedinanorder:Shepiledthepapersinaheaponherdesk,justanyhow.

Thebookswerelyingontheshelvesjust/allanyhow.書都亂放在書架上.

*Hemadenotesanyhowacrossthepage.他在那頁上胡亂作了些筆記.3.upto(p9)

(a)asamaximumnumberoramount作為最大數(shù)量;多達(dá):Icantakeuptofourpeopleinmycar.我的汽車最多能坐四個(gè)人.

*countuptotwentyslowly慢慢數(shù)到二十.

(b)(alsoupuntilsth)notfurtherorlaterthansth;asfarassth不多於;不遲於;直到:Readuptopage100.讀到第100頁.*Uptonowhesbeenquiet.他直到此刻仍保持沉默.

*Upuntilthewarshehadneverlivedalone.她在戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)前從未獨(dú)自生活過.

(c)comparablewithsth可與某事物相比:Itsnotuptohisusualstandard.這次沒達(dá)到他平時(shí)的水平.

(d)capableofsth有某種能力的;能勝任:HesnotuptothepartofOthello.他演不了奧賽羅這個(gè)角色.

*Idontfeeluptogoingtoworktoday.我今天不舒服,不能上班.

(e)(infml口)occupiedorbusywithsth正在做著或忙於某事物:Whatsheupto?他忙什麼呢?

*Hesuptonogood,iedoingsthbad.他現(xiàn)在沒干好事.

*Whattrickshasshebeenupto(=playing)?她搞什麼鬼呢?TaskLanguagePoints1.Noteverythingthatyouhearwillbeequallyimportant.(P10)

并非你聽到的每一件事情都同樣重要

此句為部分否定句,句意是.=Everythingthatyouhearwillnotbeequallyimportant.在英語中all,both,every,everyone,everything等與否定詞not連用時(shí)，表示的是部分否定，而非全部否定。例如：Idon’tknowallofthem.我并不全認(rèn)識(shí)他們。

Idon’tlikebothofthebooks.這兩本書我并不都喜歡。

NoteverystudentgoestothefarmonSundays.并非每個(gè)學(xué)生星期天都去農(nóng)場。

Noteveryoneinourclasslikesfootball.在我們班并非每個(gè)人都喜歡足球。

若要表示全部否定，則應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的表示全部否定的否定詞。如：all→none（一個(gè)人也沒有、沒有任何東西），both→neither（兩個(gè)都不），every→no，everyone→noone（nobody），everything→nothing等。上述四個(gè)例句要表示全部否定應(yīng)分別為：Iknownoneofthem.他們我都不認(rèn)識(shí)。

Ilikeneitherofthebooks.這兩本書我都不喜歡。

NostudentgoestothefarmonSundays.星期天沒有學(xué)生去農(nóng)場。

Noone/Nobodyinourclasslikesfootball.我們班沒有人喜歡足球。Importantwords1.inotherwords(P12)

usedtointroduceanexplanationthatissimplerthantheonegivenearlier:換句話說
Hewaseconomicalwiththetruth-inotherwords,hewaslying.

inyourownwords用自己的話說inaword簡言之inone’sownword用某人自己的語言keepone’sword遵守諾言breakone’sword違背諾言haveawordwithsb.和某人說句話havewordswithsb.和某人吵架eatone’swords收回某人所說的話leaveword留下口信wordcomesthat消息傳來說……

Usefulphrases

Iwouldadviseyoutobuy….Iwouldrecommendthefirstonetoyou.Ithinkyoumay/could/wouldbuy…..Itseemstomethat….Inmyopinion…..

ThereportisbasedonthefindingsofresearchthatwascarriedoutinSweden,comparing1,617patientsfoundtohavebraintumorsbetween1997and2003withthesamenumberofhealthypeople.

Digitalmobilephonesareanactualdanger.

Thestudy,conductedwith200mice,ofwhichhalfwereexposedtoradiationwhiletheotherhalfdidnotreceiveanyradiation,showsthatthefirsthalfwerefoundtohavemorethantwicethecancerrateofthesecondhalfaftereighteenmonths.

Thereasonswhythereisnodefinitescientificevidenceavailablenowabouttheeffectsofmobilephonesonpeople’shealth.

Enormousprofitfromthetelecommunicationsindustrypreventsthebadresultsoffindingsfrombeingrevealed.Usefulexpressions

Itissaidthat…/Itisacknowledgedthat…Sb.believed/thoughtthatholdanopinionthatadditionally/inadditionontheotherhandinthesameway

…LanguagePoints1.Thisstudywasconductedwith200mice,halfofwhichwereexposedtoradiationwhiletheotherhalfdidnotreceiveanyradiation.(P14)該研究的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象是200只老鼠,其中半數(shù)暴露在輻射環(huán)境下,而另一半未受到任何輻射.

expose

n.[C]accountofthefactsofasituation,espwhentheseareshockingorhavebeenkeptdeliberatelysecret敘述,報(bào)道（尤指令人震驚的或曾故意保密的）Thenewspaperpublishedanexposeofthefilmstarspastlife.報(bào)紙發(fā)表了該影星的逸聞.

*anexposeofcorruptionwithinthegovernment揭露政府內(nèi)部腐敗情況的報(bào)道.

v.[T](a)uncoverormake(sth)visible;display顯露或露出（某事物）;顯示:Whenhesmiledheexposedasetofperfectwhiteteeth.他笑時(shí)露出了一口漂亮的白牙.

(b)~sth/sb/oneself(tosth)uncoverorleavesb/sth/oneselfuncoveredorunprotected顯露或暴露某人[某事物/自己];處於無遮蔽或不受保護(hù)的狀態(tài):Thesoilwaswashedawaybytheflood,exposingbarerock.泥土被洪水沖走,露出光禿禿的巖石.

*exposesoldierstounnecessaryrisks使士兵冒不必要的危險(xiǎn)

*exposeonesskintothesun使皮膚暴露於陽光下

*Thebabywasleftexposedtothewindandrain.嬰兒被離棄於風(fēng)雨之中.

(a)makeknown(sthsecret);reveal揭露（秘密）;揭穿;揭發(fā);揭破;顯露:exposeaplot,project,plan,etc揭露陰謀﹑方案﹑計(jì)劃等*Thatunfortunateremarkexposedhisignoranceofthesubject.他說了那句不妥的話,暴露了自己對(duì)此事的無知.

(b)makeknown(theguiltorwrongdoing)of(asecretlyguiltyperson)揭露（某人）的（不為人知的罪惡或過錯(cuò)）;揭穿;揭發(fā);揭破:exposecrime,scandal,injustice,fraud,etc揭露罪行﹑丑聞﹑冤假錯(cuò)案﹑騙局等

*exposeacriminal,animpostor,aculprit,etc揭露罪犯﹑冒名頂替者﹑犯錯(cuò)誤的人等.2.Thus,thefindingshavenotbeenmadepublic,andtheindustryissayingthatthereisnotenoughevidencetodoso.(P15)因此,一些研究結(jié)果一直未與公開,而電信公司卻說證據(jù)還不夠充分

thusadv.inthisway:就這樣Bendfromthewaist,thus.Theuniversitieshaveexpanded,thusallowingmanymorepeoplethechanceofhighereducation.

withthisresult:因此Theyplannedtoreducestaffandthustocutcosts.

Wedonotownthebuilding.Thus,itwouldbeimpossibleforustomakeanymajorchangestoit.3.Canwehavefaithinthemandbelievethattheyarebeinghonest?

havefaithin信任,相信IstillhavefaithinJohndespitehisshortcomings.雖然約翰有缺點(diǎn),但我對(duì)他還是信任的.Hestillhasgreattalent,buthehaslostfaithinhimself.他仍然很有天賦,但是他已經(jīng)喪失了信心.UnitRevisionWordsList

1.device

2.consumer

3.signal

4.questionnaire

5.transistor

6.patent

7.compact

8.corporation

9.launch

10.evolution

裝置；設(shè)備

消費(fèi)者

信號(hào)；暗號(hào)

問卷；調(diào)查表

晶體管

專利

緊密地

公司

發(fā)射

演變；進(jìn)化

11.accompany

12.ample

13.budget

14.elegantly

15.inbuilt

16.scan

17.clip

18.battery

19.guarantee

20.terminal

陪伴、陪同充足的預(yù)算高雅地內(nèi)置的掃描；瀏覽夾子電池保證終端

21.tumour22.caution23.theory24.parallel25.acknowledge26.valid27.assume28.fuzzy29.clarity30.definition腫瘤謹(jǐn)慎；小心理論平行線承認(rèn)；認(rèn)可有根據(jù)的；假設(shè)；設(shè)想模糊不清的清晰度定義31.conference32.honest33.profit34.merely35.birthplace36.anyhow37.model38.hint39.shape40.measure會(huì)議；研討會(huì)誠實(shí)的；真誠的利潤；利益僅僅；只有出生地；誕生地?zé)o論如何模型；型號(hào)暗示形狀；塑造測量；度量

41.tiny42.suitable43.recorder44.degree45.personally46.uncertain47.cigarette48.equal小的；微小的合適的；適當(dāng)?shù)匿浺魴C(jī)度；程度從個(gè)人角度；親自不確定的香煙相等的；平等的

Phrases

1.數(shù)碼相機(jī)2.未必、不一定3.電流4.相信、信任、信仰5.光盤6.使某人高興得是7.各種8.與…有聯(lián)系（相關(guān)聯(lián)）9.代表、象征10.上市，面市11.給...上發(fā)條12.及時(shí)趕上13.向...前進(jìn)14.既然那樣，在此情況下15.目前，暫時(shí)16.可以接受200個(gè)頻道17.把...連接到18.和19.占領(lǐng)市場20.對(duì)科學(xué)發(fā)展作貢獻(xiàn)21.給人民的生活帶來極大的方便22.各種不同的功能23.開展研究/調(diào)查24.可被放心使用25.對(duì)熟悉26.不樂意做…27.占領(lǐng)市場28.在隨后的幾年里29.家用電器30.電子產(chǎn)品31.條形碼32.在某種程度上digitalcameranotnecessarilyelectriccurrenthavefaithincompactdisctoone’sdelightavarietyofbeassociatedwithstandforcomeontothemarketwindupintimeforheadforinthatcaseforthetimebeinghaveaccessto200channelscombine...withalongwithtakeoverthemarketcontributetothedevelopmentofsciencebringgreatconveniencetopeople’slivesallsortsofdifferentfunctionsconductastudy/surveycanbeusedwithoutcautionbefamiliarwithbeunwillingtodotakeoverthemarketinthefollowingyearshouseholdapplianceelectronicgoodsbarcodestosomeextent

3.beresponsibleforsth.負(fù)責(zé)某事taketheresponsibilityfor負(fù)起...的責(zé)任

4.intimefor及時(shí)，正好beintimetodosth.來得及做某事

5.besuperiorto比…優(yōu)越；超過bebetterthan=beaheadof

6.bymeansof用…方法bythismeans通過這種方法

inthisway/mannerwiththismethod

7.comeontothemarket上市；面市onsale在售中forsale待售

8.byaccident偶然，碰巧bychance9.combineAwithB將A與B聯(lián)合起來

10.uptodate最新的，最近的11.applytosb.forsth.向某人申請(qǐng)某事

12.becapableofdoingsth.能夠做某事beabletodosth.

13.takeover接管，接受14.previousto=before在…以前

15.bebasedon以…為基礎(chǔ)；基于…之上16.springup涌現(xiàn)，突然出現(xiàn)；迅猛發(fā)展

17.beassociatedwith與…有聯(lián)系beconcernedwithbeconnectedwith

18.incolor彩色的19.havefaithin=havebeliefin相信，信任，信仰

20.windup給…上發(fā)條21.intermsof在…方面；從…方面來說

22.avarietyof=varietiesof各式各樣的

Unit2FitforlifeWelcometotheunitUsefulwordsaneyedoctor=anoptician[ptin]adentistapersonwhotakescareofpeople’steethaphysicianapersonwhohasgeneralskilltotreatphysicalproblemsasurgeonapersonwhoperformsmedicaloperationsImportantwordsoperate

v.[I]tocutopensbsbodyinordertoremoveapartthathasadiseaseortorepairapartthatisdamagedThedoctorsoperatedlastnight.◆Wewillhavetooperateonhiseyes.

◆tooperateforsuspectedacuteappendicitis

Aretheygoingtooperateonhim?他們打算給他做手術(shù)嗎?

v.[IorT]to(causeto)work,beinactionorhaveaneffectThemedicinebegantooperateatonce.藥立刻開始見效.

◆Solarpanelscanonlyoperateinsunlight.

◆(figurative)Somepeoplecanonlyoperatewellunderpressure.ever

(1)atanytime曾;曾經(jīng):HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?你去過倫敦嗎?

Heisseldom,ifever,absentfromschool.他簡直從不缺課.

(2)atanytime(before/uptillnow)在任何時(shí)候（之前[直至現(xiàn)在]）Itsrainingharderthanever.雨下得更大了.

*Thisisthebestworkyouveeverdone.這是你所做的最好的工作.

*Hehatedhermorethanever,whenhegotthatletter.他接到那封信後,越發(fā)憎恨她了.

(3)continuously總是;不停地:Heiseverrepeatingthesameoldstory.他老是老調(diào)重彈.

(4)foralltime:IlikethehousebutIdontimagineIlllivethereforever.

我喜歡這所房子,但我沒有想象我將永遠(yuǎn)住在那兒.

(5)continuallysincethattime:Hesbeendepressedeversincehegotdivorced.自從他離婚以來他一直很抑郁.

eversince:從…以來thanever(before):比過去任何時(shí)候ReadingEffectsofaspirin

ReducefeverHelpstopbodypainsReducetheriskofheartattacksPreventastrokeReducetheriskofcoloncancerIncreasethelengthofpeople’slivesHelpwithdiabetes

HelpintreatingwoundsandinfectionsTreatotherillnessesincludingpneumoniaImportantwords1.openup

tobecomeormakesthpossible,availableorabletobereached:Thenewcataloguewillopenupthemarketforourproducts.

◆Therailwayopeneduptheeastofthecountry.

◆Excitingpossibilitieswereopeningupforherinthenewjob.

tobeginbusinessfortheday;tostartanewbusiness:Iopenupthestoreforthedayataround8.30.

toshowsth.thatwashiddenornotpreviouslyknown:Thedebatecouldopenupsharpdifferencesbetweenthecountries.

這次辯論能夠揭露這些國家之間的明顯差異.

tomakeaspacelargerorlessenclosed:Weregoingtoopenupourkitchenbyknockingdownacoupleofwalls.

我們打算把墻壁推倒來擴(kuò)大我們的廚房.

tostarttotalkmoreaboutyourselfandyourfeelingsIveneveropeneduptoanyonelikeIdotoyou.我從來沒有對(duì)任何人象對(duì)你一樣地敞開心扉.2.probability

Whatistheprobabilityofwinning?獲勝的可能性有多大?Theresahigh/strongprobability(that)(=Itisverylikelythat)shellbehere.很可能她會(huì)來這兒.probable

Theprobablecauseofdeathwasheartfailure.死亡的可能原因是心臟病.probable與likely意思相近，有時(shí)可以互換；possible的語氣稍弱。它們各自的句型如下：It’sprobable/possibleforsb.todosth..It’sprobable/possiblethat…It’slikelythat…sb./sth.islikelytodosth..3.recommend

v.[T]tosuggestthatsomeoneorsth.wouldbegoodorsuitableforaparticularjoborpurpose,ortosuggestthataparticularactionshouldbedone:Shehasbeenrecommendedforpromotion.她已經(jīng)被推薦提升了.

[+that]Thedoctorrecommended(that)Itakemoreexercise.醫(yī)生建議我進(jìn)行更多的鍛煉.

[+ingformofverb]Irecommendwritingyourfeelingsdownonpaper.

我建議你把自己的感覺寫在紙上.
recommendedadjItisdangeroustotakemorethantherecommendeddoseofthismedicine.

服用超過這種藥的建議量是很危險(xiǎn)的.

recommendation:n.Igotthejobonhisrecommendation.在他的舉薦下我得到了這份工作.

[+that]Thereportmakestherecommendationthatnomoreprisonsshouldbebuilt.

這份報(bào)告建議不要再建造監(jiān)獄.4.trial

n.[CorU]atest,usuallyoveralimitedperiodoftime,todiscoverhoweffectiveorsuitablesth.orsomeoneis（對(duì)能力﹑質(zhì)量﹑性能等的）測試,試驗(yàn),考驗(yàn)
Theyveemployedherforasix-monthtrial(period).他們雇傭她已經(jīng)有6個(gè)月的試用期了.

givejobapplicantsatrial對(duì)求職者進(jìn)行測試

*putacarthroughsafetytrials對(duì)汽車進(jìn)行安全性能試驗(yàn)

Thisnewmethodisontrial.這個(gè)新方法正在試用．

Wemustputthemachinetotrial=Wemustgivethemachineatrial我們必須試行運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)那部機(jī)器5.contain(notinthecontinuoustenses不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài))

tohavesomethinginsideorincludesomethingasapart包含;含有
Theatlascontainsfortymaps.這地圖集共有四十幅地圖.

*Whiskycontainsalargepercentageofalcohol.威士忌所含酒精的百分比很高.

becapableofholding(sth)可容納（某事物）Thisbarrelcontains50litres.這個(gè)桶容量為50升.

◆Thebottlecontains(=canhold)twolitres.

keep(sth/oneself)undercontrol;keepwithinlimits;holdback控制（某事物[自己]）;抑制;克制:IwassofuriousIcouldntcontainmyself=hadtoexpressmyfeelings.我氣極了,無法克制自己.

*Pleasecontainyourenthusiasmforamoment.請(qǐng)你暫且控制住感情.

*Shecouldhardlycontainherexcitement.她抑制不住內(nèi)心的激動(dòng).

prevent(sth)fromspreadingharmfullyorbecomingmoreserious阻止（某事物）的蔓延或惡化Hastherevoltbeencontained?叛亂是否已受到遏止?6.thin

(1)havingasmalldistancebetweentwooppositesides:athinbook一本薄書
(2)(ofthebody)withlittlefleshonthebones:
Thin,hungrydogsroamedthestreets.又瘦又餓的狗在街上游蕩.
(3)(ofaliquid)flowingeasily:
thinsoup,stew,gravy,etc稀湯﹑稀汁燉肉﹑稀肉汁.

(4)v.[T]tomakeasubstancelessthick,oftenbyaddingaliquidtoit:
thinwinewithwater用水沖淡酒
7.length

(1)[CorU]themeasurementofsth.fromendtoendoralongitslongestside:Theboatistenmetresinlength.這艘船長10米.
(2)[C]apieceofsth.suchasstringorpipe:
alengthofrope一段繩子
(3)[C]theamountoftimesth.takes:
thelengthofafilm/speech/play一部電影/一篇講話/一部戲劇的長短atlength

(a)(fml文)afteralongtime;eventually;atlast經(jīng)過一段長時(shí)間之後;終於;最後:Atlengththebusarrived,fortyminuteslate.公共汽車終於來了,晚了四十分鐘.

(b)takingalongtime;ingreatdetail;fully長時(shí)間地;詳盡地;充分地:discusssthatsome,great,excessive,etclength比較﹑極為﹑過分等詳細(xì)地討論某事

*Hewentonattediouslengthabouthisfavouritehobby.他仍不厭其詳?shù)刂v他的業(yè)余愛好.
8.quantity

[UandC]anamountofsomethingthatcanbecountedormeasuredquantityof　Thepolicealsofoundaquantityofammunitionintheflat.

　Add50gramsofbutter,andthesamequantityofsugar.

alarge/small/vastetcquantityofsth　Hehadconsumedalargequantityofalcohol.

　Hugequantitiesofoilwerespillingintothesea.

inlarge/small/sufficientetcquantities　Buyvegetablesinsmallquantities,foryourimmediateuse.

　Yourworkhasimprovedinquantityandqualitythisterm.

[U]thelargeamountofsomething　Thesheerquantityoftextmeantthatpeopledidnotreadthewholeoftheirnewspaper.

inquantity:inlargeamounts　Itsalotcheaperifyoubuyitinquantity.

HINTsense1Donotsayabigquantity.Sayalargequantity.表示“許多”的詞或短語如下：(1)修飾可數(shù)名詞的：many,agreat/goodmany,quiteafew,alarge/greatnumberof/numbersof,manya,(2)修飾不可數(shù)名詞的：much,agreatdealof,alargeamountof/largeamountsof(3)既可以修飾可數(shù)又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞的：alotof/lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof/largequantitiesof,amassof,massesof9.relief

[U,sing]~(fromsth)lesseningorremovingofpain,distress,anxiety,etc（痛苦﹑困苦﹑憂慮等的）減輕或解除:bring,seek,find,give,feelrelief帶來﹑尋求﹑得到﹑予以﹑感到解脫

*doctorsworkingforthereliefofsuffering,hardship,etc為解除病痛﹑痛苦等而工作的醫(yī)生

[U]thatwhichbringsrelief(1);assistancegiventopeopleinneedortoadisasterarea減輕或解除痛苦等的事物;向需要幫助者或?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)提供的援助:sendrelief(egfood,tents,money,etc)tothosemadehomelessbyfloods

給水災(zāi)中無家可歸的人發(fā)送救援物資（如食品﹑帳篷﹑金錢等）

relieve

[PAIN]toreducesomeonespainorunpleasantfeelings　Drugshelpedtorelievethepain.

relievetension/pressure/stressetc

　Somepeopleeatforcomfort,torelievetheiranxieties.

[PROBLEM]tomakeaproblemlessdifficultorserious　programsaimedatrelievingunemployment

[REPLACESOMEBODY]toreplacesomeonewhentheyhavecompletedtheirdutyorwhentheyneedarest　Theguardwillberelievedatmidnight.

relievesbofsth

tohelpsbbytakingsthheavyordifficultfromthem:Letmerelieveyouofsomeofyourbags.

Thenewsecretarywillrelieveusofsomeofthepaperwork.

(informal,ironic)tostealsthfromsb:Aboywithakniferelievedhimofhiswallet.todismisssbfromajob,position,etc:GeneralBealewasrelievedofhiscommand.10.fundamental

oforformingthebasisorfoundationofsth;essential基本的;基礎(chǔ)的;構(gòu)成基礎(chǔ)的;根本的:Therearefundamentaldifferencesbetweenyourreligiousbeliefsandmine.

你我的宗教信仰根本不同.

servingasastarting-point;basic作為起點(diǎn)的;基本的:thefundamentalrulesofmathematics數(shù)學(xué)的基本法則.

mostimportant;centralorprimary十分重要的;主要的;首要的:Hisfundamentalconcernwasforherwelfare.他最關(guān)心的是她的幸福.

*Thefundamentalquestionisapoliticalone.首要的問題是政治問題.

~(tosth)essentialornecessary根本的;必要的:Hardworkisfundamentaltosuccess.必須苦干才能成功.

fundamentally

basically基本地;基礎(chǔ)地;根本地:Herideasarefundamentallysound,evenifshesayssillythingssometimes.

即使她有時(shí)說些傻話,她的想法基本上是好的.11.contemporary

~(withsb/sth)belongingtothesametime:Wehavenocontemporaryaccountofthebattle(=writtennearthetimethatithappened).

◆HewascontemporarywiththedramatistCongreve.

belongingtothepresenttimeSynonym:MODERNlifeincontemporaryBritain◆contemporaryfiction/music/danceUsefulPhrases

focuson集中于(某事物)openup打開carryout執(zhí)行;實(shí)施;完成giveup放棄massproduction大量生產(chǎn)seethrough看透;識(shí)破bemadefrom由…做成，用…做成tryout試驗(yàn)putoff推遲；推延putupwith忍受lookdownup輕視；看不起makeout分清；認(rèn)出來beunableto不能，不會(huì)inaddition除…之外；另外inlargequantities大量地cometrue成為現(xiàn)實(shí)；實(shí)現(xiàn)beusedto被用于；習(xí)慣于figureout計(jì)算出；解決；合計(jì)（為）bemadefrom由…制成befunfamentalto對(duì)…是必要的；對(duì)…是根本的thousandsof成千上萬的haveinfluenceon對(duì)…產(chǎn)生影響goaway走；開離開；消失leavebehind忘帶；留下；超過saveone’slife救某人的命makethearrangeof作安排talkover（徹底而嚴(yán)肅地）商議，商量，討論setup設(shè)置，樹立，建立，設(shè)立，創(chuàng)辦gowrong犯錯(cuò)；弄錯(cuò)，走錯(cuò)了路；出了毛病，壞掉takemeasurestodosth采取措施做某事

留下（不帶走）、遺忘（沒拿）Don’tleavemebehind.不要留下我。

leavealone不管、撇下一個(gè)人leaveaside擱置leaveabout（東西）亂放leaveout漏掉、刪除leaveword留言

2.ward

n.保衛(wèi)；牢房；病房；監(jiān)護(hù)surgicalward外科病房

vt.守護(hù)；保衛(wèi)；防止；擋住keepwatchandwardoveraperson日夜監(jiān)視某人GrammarandusagePhrasalverbsagroupofwordsthatisusedlikeaverbandconsistsofaverbwithanadverborprepositionafterit,forexamplesetofforlookafter.Aphrasalverbisacombinationofaverbandanadverborpreposition,forexampleshutuporlookafter,whichtogetherhaveaparticularmeaning.Examples

verb+adverb

Flemingtriedoutthismouldonanotherbacterium.

Flemingtriedthismouldoutonanotherbacterium.

Theyhaveagreedtoputasidetheirdifferencesintheinterestsofwinningtheelection.

Everythinghesaidattheconferencewasputdown.

Whenwasthetheoryputforward?

Anothersupermarkethasbeenputupnearourhouse.

verb+preposition

Doctorsarelookingintothecasefornewtreatment.

Sometimespeopleaskformedicinethattheydonotreallyneed.

verb+adverb+preposition

Howcanyouputupwiththisforsolong?

ItisnotrighttolookdownuponthosewhohaveAIDS.

Watchoutforcarswhileyouarecrossingthestreet.

Wemustcatchupwiththem.

Let’sfaceuptothesituation.

Yourideasfitinwithmine.

Let’sgetdowntoourbusiness.

We’llgetthroughwiththeprojectnextmonth.

Hegaveintothewishofthemajority.

verb+noun+preposition

takecareof照顧，照料;makeroomfor給…騰地方;makefriendswith與…交朋友;playajokeon戲弄某人;havealookat看一看;saygoodbyeto告辭be+adjective+preposition

belatefor遲到beangrywith生氣bebusywith忙于beshortfor是…的簡稱beinterestedin對(duì)…感興趣befamousfor因…而著名begoodat擅長bedifferentfrom與…不同begood/badfor對(duì)…有益/害befriendlyto對(duì)…友好

verb+oneself+preposition

helponeselfto隨便吃giveoneselfto熱心于occupyoneselfwith忙于enjoyoneself玩得開心dressoneselfin穿著devoteoneselfto專心,致力于,獻(xiàn)身throwoneselfto投身于

morethanonemeanings

(1)Hisaccentgiveshimawayasasoutherner.出賣，泄露秘密(2)Hegaveawaymostofhismoneytocharity.贈(zèng)送(3)Theygaveawaytheirlastchanceofwinningthematch.送掉，放棄(4)Themayorgaveawaytheprizesattheschoolsportsday.頒發(fā)(5)Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory.欺騙(6)Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.收容(7)Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.吸收(8)Ihopeyou’retakinginwhatI’msaying.理解(9)Shepaysthebillsbytakinginwashing.在家承接（活計(jì)等）LanguagePoints1.putthrough

(1)putsomebody/somethingthroughto(TELEPHONE)phrasalverb

toconnectsomeonetosomeoneelseonthetelephoneCouldyouputmethroughtocustomerservices,please?

CouldyouputmethroughtoEddie?

(2)putsb.throughsth.(BADEXPERIENCE)phrasalverbtomakesomeoneexperiencesomethingunpleasantordifficult:Imsorrytoputyouthroughthisordeal.我很抱歉讓你經(jīng)受這種折磨.

Thesoldierswereputthrougheightweeksofbasictraining.

Theyreallyputmethroughitattheinterview.

(3)putsththrough

todowhatisnecessaryinordertogetaplanorsuggestionacceptedorapproved　Productionwillstartupagainwhenthesechangeshavebeenputthrough.2.decideon

decideonsth./sb.phrasalverbtochoosesomethingorsomeoneaftercarefulthought:Ivedecidedonblueforthebathroom.我決定浴室用蘭色.

Haveyoudecidedonadateforthewedding?

Werestilltryingtodecideonavenue.

Icantdecideonwhotoinvite.3.splitup

[IorT]to(causeto)divideintotwoormoreparts,especiallyalongaparticularline:Theprizewassplitbetweenthem.這筆獎(jiǎng)金在他們之間平分了.

Theteachersplitthechildren(up)intothreegroups.老師把孩子們分成三個(gè)小組.

splitup(withsb)

endafriendship,relationshipormarriage;separate絕交;斷絕關(guān)系;離婚;分離:JennyandJoehavesplitup.珍妮和喬鬧翻了.*Johnhasjustsplitupwithhisgirl-friend.約翰剛剛跟女朋友吹了.-CouldIspeaktothepublicrelationsofficer?-Speaking./Sorry,sheisn’thereatthemoment.4.enquiry[USALSOinquiry]

(a)[C]~(about/concerningsb/sth)(fml)requestforhelporinformation(aboutsb/sth)請(qǐng)求幫助;詢問:Inanswertoyourrecentinquiry,thebookyoumentionisnotinstock.您近日詢問的書暫時(shí)無貨,謹(jǐn)此奉覆.

*Ivebeenmaking(some)inquiries(ietryingtofindout)aboutit.我一直在（多方）打聽這件事.

*[attrib作定語]aninquirydesk/office問訊臺(tái)[處].

(b)inquiries[pl]placefromwhichonecangetinformation問訊處:`HowdoIapplyforthislicence?`Youwantinquiries.‘怎樣申請(qǐng)?jiān)S可證?’‘你得到問訊處打聽.’

*directoryinquiries=givinginformationabouttelephonenumbers電話號(hào)碼查詢臺(tái).

[U](fml文)asking;inquiring問詢;調(diào)查;查詢:learnsthbyinquiry經(jīng)查詢得知某事

*Thepolicearefollowingseverallinesofinquiry.警方正沿幾條線索進(jìn)行調(diào)查.

*Oninquiry(ieHavingasked)Ifounditwastrue.我經(jīng)打聽方知事情屬實(shí).

[C]~(intosth)investigation調(diào)查;查究:holdanofficialinquiry進(jìn)行正式調(diào)查

*callforapublicinquiryintosafetystandards要求公開調(diào)查安全情況.5.handful

anamountthatyoucanholdinyourhandTheboypickedupahandfulofstonesandstartedthrowingthematus.

ahandfulofsth

averysmallnumberofpeopleorthings　Therewereonlyahandfulofpeoplethere.

beahandfulinformal

someone,especiallyachild,whoisahandfulisdifficulttocontrol　Shesalovelychild,butshecanbeabitofahandfulsometimes.6.annual

happeningeveryyear每年的;年度的;一年一次的:annualevent,meeting,report,show,visit一年一次的大事﹑會(huì)議﹑報(bào)告﹑演出﹑訪問.

calculatedfortheyear按年度計(jì)算的:anannualincome,production,rainfall,subscription年收入﹑產(chǎn)量﹑雨量﹑（預(yù)訂）費(fèi).

lastingforoneyear持續(xù)一年的:theannualcourseofthesun太陽在一年期間的運(yùn)行.

Whatisyourannualincome?你的年收入是多少？

anannualevent年度大事7.Mypleasure

不用謝Itsapleasure.ALSO(Its)mypleasure.

"Itwassokindofyoutogiveusalift."

"Dontmentionit-itwasapleasure.

withpleasureFORMAL"Couldyoucarrytheboxforme?"

"Oh,withpleasure."

Phrasalverbsfamily

lookafter照看lookdownupon輕視，看不起lookinto調(diào)查，朝……里面看lookupto尊敬，尊重lookonsb.as把某人看作……lookout(for)當(dāng)心，注意lookthrough審核，仔細(xì)地看lookup向上看，查閱setaboutdoing開始做，處理setaside留出，對(duì)……不予考慮setdown寫下，記下setoff出發(fā)，動(dòng)身，使……爆炸，引起，激發(fā)setout陳列，出發(fā)，動(dòng)身，開始setup設(shè)置，豎起，創(chuàng)立，引起fillin填充，填寫fillout填寫fillwith使充滿fillup填滿，被塞滿makeuseof利用makeup編造，彌補(bǔ)，化妝makeupfor補(bǔ)償makefor前往bemadeupof由……組成makeit及時(shí)抵達(dá),做成makeoneselfunderstood/heard…使某人…makeanarrangement安排takedown寫下，記下takeoff脫下，成功takeup從事，拿起takeaway拿起，使消失，取走takeplace發(fā)生takeadvantageof利用takeafter象，學(xué)……樣子takeapart拆開，粗暴對(duì)待，剖析takeback送還，接回，取消，使回憶起takefor認(rèn)為，以為takeon披上，呈現(xiàn)，具有，雇用，承擔(dān)takeover把……從一地帶到另一地，接受，接管

[onlybeforenoun]happeningnow;ofthepresenttime:currentprices◆abudgetforthecurrentyear◆yourcurrentemployeràACTUAL

beingusedbyoracceptedbymostpeople:wordsthatarenolongercurrent2.certain

(1)havingnodoubtorknowingexactlythatsth.istrue,orknowntobetrue,correct,exactoreffective:
Areyouabsolutelycertain(that)yougavethemtherightnumber?

Youshouldmakecertain(that)everyoneunderstandstheinstructions.

(2)know/sayforcertain:toknoworstatesth.withoutdoubtIdontknowforcertainifshescoming.
(3)adj.[beforenoun]FORMAL
namedbutneitherfamousnorknownwell:
IhadlunchtodaywithacertainTom-nottheTom,Ishouldexplain.

makecertain/sureof/that…

totakeactionsothatyouarecertainthatsth.happens,istrue,etc:

Makecertain(that)wehaveenoughdrinkfortheparty.

Madesureofthetimeandtheplaceofthemeeting.

Note:somestudent=acertainstudent某個(gè)學(xué)生

somestudents一些學(xué)生certainstudents某些學(xué)生ProjectLanguagePoints1.TheythinkthattheuseofacupuncturebeganduringtheStoneAgewhen…orsharp-edgedtools,…

sharp

adj.鋒利的,尖的;突然的,急轉(zhuǎn)彎的;尖刻的,辛辣的;靈敏的,敏銳的.1).這把大剪刀不夠快，剪不動(dòng)草。Theshearsaren’tsharpenoughtocutthegrass.asharpdropinprice　價(jià)格的聚降asharpturntotheleft　向左急轉(zhuǎn)2).Weweresurprisedbythesharptoneofhercomments.她尖銳的評(píng)論令我們吃驚．3).Thecheeseisalittletoosharpforme.我覺得這干酪味道太重了．a(chǎn)sharpsenseofhumor很強(qiáng)的幽默感2.…andasword-likeneedleforlettingliquidoutofswollenparts.

letsth.out放出；泄露，透出；發(fā)出（叫聲）；出租；把（衣服）放大Don’tletitoutaboutmylosingmyjob,willyou?別泄露我失業(yè)了，好嗎？Theydecidedtoletoutthesmallerofficesatlowrents.3.Somepeoplehavealsousedacupuncturetotreataddictionstocigarettes,…

addictionn.（常與to連用）成癮，沉溺，入迷Imaddictedto(=Iveryofteneat/drink)chocolate/lattes.我吃巧克力成癮.

Heraddictiontoalcoholruinedherlife.他的酒癮毀了他的一生．

Someweightproblemsarecausedbyanaddictiontosugarandfat.UnitRevisionWordList

1.probability2.historian3.chemist4.physician5.recipe6.best-selling7.author8.length9.widespread10.wrist可能性歷史學(xué)家化學(xué)家；藥劑師醫(yī)生；內(nèi)科醫(yī)生處方；食譜暢銷的作者長度普遍的手腕11.note12.lung13.rapidly14.wonder15.enquiry16.eyesight17.sharp18.pulse19.function20.swollen注意到，記錄肺迅速地；快速地奇跡詢問；咨詢視力鋒利的；尖的脈搏功能；作用腫脹的

21.bark22.trial23.tablet24.milligram25.painkiller26.stroke27.contemporary28.colon29.mould30.transparent樹皮；狗叫試用；考驗(yàn)藥片；寫字板毫克止痛藥中風(fēng)當(dāng)代的；當(dāng)代人結(jié)腸霉透明的31.purify32.bacterial33.pneumounia34.physiology35.relief36.potential37.fundamental38.detail39.booklet40.adjustable凈化；提純細(xì)菌的肺炎生理學(xué)減輕，緩解潛在的；可能的基礎(chǔ)的；根本的詳情；細(xì)節(jié)小冊(cè)子可調(diào)節(jié)的

41.magic42.needle43.acupuncture44.ward45.pottery46.sword47.silver48.surgical49.symptom50.herbal有魔力的針針灸病房陶器劍銀；銀子外科的癥狀草本植物的；藥草的

1.increasethelengthofpeople’slife2.inlargequantities3.anoperatingtheatre4.reducetheriskofheartattack5.reducebloodsugarlevels6.bookstand7.letoutacry8.makeupfor9.bebadlyinneedof10.putout11.beopento12.ahandfulof13.takedown/putdown/writedown14.millionsof15.secondaryschool16.blocksth.from…17.medicalhistory18.lookinto19.protectone’seyesight20.lookoutfor21.stainlesssteel22.acupuncturepoints23.fillinform/blanks/gaps24.makeout25.bewellreceivedby26.comeintopower27.Nowonder28.bloodvessel29.massproduction30.turnup31.befundamentalto32.trysth.outon…33.operatingtheatre34.emergencyroom35.consultingroom延長壽命大量地手術(shù)室患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)減低血糖書架、閱覽架發(fā)出一聲叫喊彌補(bǔ)急需撲滅對(duì)…開放少量的取下、拿下；記下；寫下成百萬的（英國）中阻止…做…病歷、病史調(diào)查保護(hù)視力當(dāng)心、小心不銹鋼針灸點(diǎn)填表辨認(rèn)出很受歡迎上臺(tái)、執(zhí)政難怪血管大量生產(chǎn)出現(xiàn)；到場；露面對(duì)…是必要的在…上試用某物手術(shù)室急診室診室

Unit3TheworldonlineWelcometotheunitLanguagePoints1.Searchforinformationonavarietyoftopics.(P33)就各種話題搜索信息。

searchverb
1)[IorT]tolooksomewherecarefullyinordertofindsth.:
Thepolicesearchedthewoodsforthemissingboy.
Shesearchedhisfaceforsomesignofforgiveness,butitremainedexpressionless.
2)[I]totrytofindtheanswertoaproblem:
Philosophershavesearchedformillenniabuttheyhaventfoundthemeaningoflife.
3)[T]Apoliceofficerwhosearchesyouoryourpossessionslooksforsth.youmightbehiding:
Themenweresearchedfordrugsandthenreleased.

avarietyofvarietynoun
1)[C]adifferenttypeofsth.:
ThearticlewasaboutthedifferentvarietiesofSpanishspokeninSouthAmerica.
Thisvarietyofroseisespeciallyhardyanddrought-resistant.
Oursupermarketstocksapplesinseveraldifferentvarieties.
2)[S]manydifferenttypesofthingsorpeople:
Shedoesavarietyoffitnessactivities.
Theequipmentcouldbeusedforavarietyofeducationalpurposes.
Manufacturersneedlargesalestojustifyofferingabigvarietyinexportmarkets.2.Keepintouchwithfamilymemberswhereveryouareintheworld.(P33)

無論你在世界的任何地方讀可以與家人保持聯(lián)系。wherever

1)adv.,conj.toorinanyoreveryplace:Wecangowhereveryoulike.

WhereverIgoIalwaysseemtobumpintohim.

AllacrossEurope,whereveryoulook,marriageisindeclineanddivorceratesaresoaring.

2)adverb
usedinsteadofwheretoaddemphasistoaphrase,usuallyexpressingsurprise:
Whereverdidyoufindthathat!
Whereverdidyougetthatidea!
Whereverdoeshegetthemoneyfromtogoonalltheseexoticjourneys?Reading

PartA1.TheyareaboutdifferenteffectsoftheInternetonourlives.2.Two.3.Uncontrolledinformationandthechangeinthewaypeoplespendtheirtime.PartC1AFAFFAPartC2üTheInternetisagreathelptopeoplewhoareinneedofvariousinformation.üPeopleusetheInternettobuildsocialties.üTheamountoffalseinformationontheInternetbecomesmoreofaproblemeveryday.üSpendingtoomuchtimebuildingrelationshipsontheInternetcandamagepeople’sabilitiestolivenormallives.

也就是說，我相信因特網(wǎng)對(duì)我們的生活產(chǎn)生正面的影響。effect

1)theresultofaparticularinfluence:n.[CorU]Theradiationleakhashadadisastrouseffecton/upontheenvironment.

Itriedtakingtabletsfortheheadachebuttheydidnthaveanyeffect.

2)use:noun[U]Thepresentsystemofpaymentwillremainineffect(=beused)untiltheendoftherentalagreement.
Whendothenewdrivinglawscomeintoeffect?

2.Thefirstisitsvalueforpeoplewhoarelookingforinformation.(P34)

第一是因特網(wǎng)對(duì)于搜索信息的人具有的價(jià)值。value

n.1)[SorU]theimportanceorworthofsomethingforsomeone:
Forthem,thehousesmainvaluelayinitsquietcountrylocation.
Theyareknowntoplace/put/setahighvalueongoodpresentation.

2)[U]howusefulorimportantsth.is:
Thephotosareofimmensehistoricalvalue.
Hiscontributionwasoflittleornopracticalvalue.
3)theamountofmoneywhichcanbereceivedforsth.:
Shehadalreadysoldeverythingofvaluethatshepossessed.
Whatisthevalueoftheprize?3.ThesestatisticsprovethatgatheringinformationistheprimaryusefortheInternet.

primary

a)[usuallybeforenoun]mostimportant/mainOurprimaryconcernistoprovidetherefugeeswithfoodandhealthcare.

primarypurpose/aim/objective

Theirprimaryobjectiveistomakemoney.

Personalsafetyisofprimaryimportance=isprimarilyimportant

[onlybeforenoun]primaryeducation

teachingatprimarylevel
4.Thesecondmostcommonuseoftheinternet,accordingto79percentofthesurveyrespondents,istoadvanceknowledgeaboutthehobbies.(Line19)

advancevt.推進(jìn),進(jìn)展,提出n.前進(jìn),預(yù)先advancethegrowthofindustry推進(jìn)工業(yè)的增長

advanceanewplan提出新計(jì)劃

makegreatadvances(progress)取得進(jìn)步

inadvance預(yù)先,提前

inadvanceof在—之前,在—前面

Ifyouwanttogetthebook,youmustpayforitinadvance.如果你要買這本書，你得先付款

Hewalkedinadvanceofhiswife.他走在他妻子的前面5.Anothertrulywonderfulaspectoftheinternetisthewaypeopleuseittobuildsocialties.

buildsocialties建立社會(huì)聯(lián)系(Line23)tien.Wehaveestablishedtradetieswiththeseregions.我們和這些地區(qū)建立了貿(mào)易關(guān)系。

Hewaswearingablacktie.(領(lǐng)帶)

tievt綁,系

tieto把…栓在

Hetiedhishorsetothestick.他把馬栓在木樁上.6.benefit

vt/vi.對(duì)…有利;從…得到利益

Thenewhospitalbenefitedusenormously.

Ibenefitedenormouslyfrommyfather’sadvice.

n.利益,恩惠,益處

Igotalotofbenefitfromlearningaforeignlanguage.

beofbenefitto對(duì)…有益

forthebenefitof為了…的利益

benefitfrom/by得益于…

Thatexperiencewasofgreatbenefittome.

Thewarningsignwasputthereforthebenefitofthepublic.

Wecanbenefitfromexercises.7.moreoveradv.而且,此外,再者(Line26)=What’smore=besides=inaddition

Hewas,moreover,apoetofpromise.此外,他還是一個(gè)有前途的詩人。

Bicyclingisagoodexercise;moreover,itdoesntpollutetheair.騎自行車是很好的運(yùn)動(dòng);而且還不污染環(huán)境。8.ThemaindrawbackoftheinternetIwilladdresstodayareuncontrolledinformation.(L34)

address

[usuallypassive]~sth(tosb/sth)towriteonanenvelope,etc.thenameandaddressoftheperson,company,etc.thatyouaresendingittobymail:Theletterwascorrectlyaddressed,butdeliveredtothewronghouse.

◆AddressyourapplicationtothePersonnelManager.

tomakeaformalspeechtoagroupofpeople:toaddressameeting/rally/conference

◆ThePresidenthasbeenaskedtoaddresstheassembly.

~sb~sthtosb(formal)tosaysthdirectlytosb:IwassurprisedwhenheaddressedmeinEnglish.

◆Anyquestionsshouldbeaddressedtoyourteacher.

◆Thebookisaddressedtothegeneralreader.

~sb(assth)touseaparticularnameortitleforsbwhenyouspeakorwritetothem:Therearedifferentwaysinwhichtoaddressamemberoftheroyalfamily.◆ThejudgeshouldbeaddressedasYourHonour.
◆InBritain,asurgeonisaddressedasMrnotDr.

~(yourselfto)sth(formal)tothinkaboutaproblemorasituationanddecidehowyouaregoingtodealwithit:Youressaydoesnotaddresstherealissues.

◆Wemustaddressourselvestotheproblemoftrafficpollution.9.Theseproblemsofinaccuracydonotoccurasoftenwhenpeopleusetraditionalwaystofindinformation.(P35)

如果人們用傳統(tǒng)的方法，這些由不精確信息引起的問題就不會(huì)如此頻繁出現(xiàn)了。occurverb[I]-rr-
(especiallyofaccidentsandotherunexpectedevents)tohappen:
Anaccidentinvolvingovertenvehicleshasoccurredintheeast-boundlane.
verb[I+adverborpreposition](-rr-)
toexistorbepresentin,among,etc:
Violenceofsomesortseemstooccurineverysociety.

occurtosb.phrasalverb
Ifathoughtorideaoccurstoyou,itcomesintoyourmind:
[+that]Itneverevenoccurredtousthathehadntbeeninvited.10.advantagen.優(yōu)勢,有利條件(P35.Line37)

RichardhasanadvantageoveryousincehecanspeakGerman.

Theytookfulladvantageofthehotelsfacilities.takeadvantageof=use/makeuseof

Thereislittleadvantageinbuyingadictionaryifyoucantread.不識(shí)字買字典沒什么用UsefulPhrases

havepositiveeffectsonsth對(duì)...有積極的影響havenegativeeffectsonsth對(duì)...有消極的影響beincludedin包括inneedof需要weatherforecasts天氣預(yù)報(bào)currentaffairs時(shí)事新聞academicresearch學(xué)術(shù)研究、turntosb(forhelp)向某人求助acquireknowledgefrom從—獲取知識(shí)communicatewithsbonsth在某方面和某人交流allsortsoftopics各種話題awasteoftime浪費(fèi)時(shí)間insteadof代替，而不是searchforanswerstoquestions尋找問題的答案advanceknowledge增加知識(shí)gatherinformation收集信息bebasedon以…為基礎(chǔ)ratherthan而不是accesstosth得到某物，通往某地的通道beinvolvedin涉及，卷入handinpapers提交論文affectpeople’sprivatelives影響人們的私生活gainpopularity得到普及be/becomeaddictedto（doing）沉溺于，對(duì)…上癮feeldisconnectedtosth與...切斷聯(lián)系limittheuseof限制...的使用handletheproblems處理問題formlifelongfriendship形成一生的友誼buildsocialties建立社會(huì)聯(lián)系atanInternetcafe在網(wǎng)吧dealwithInternetaddiction處理網(wǎng)癮

vt.意欲，計(jì)劃wantorplantodosth.Imeantthisphotoforher.Wehadmeanttobeearly.Imeanyoutospendthismoneyforyourself.vt.（指字句等）意指，意謂(ofwords,sentences,etc.)signify,importAdictionarytellsyouwhatwordsmean.

Thiswordmeansnothing.adj.吝嗇的，自私的wantingtokeepeverythingforyourselfSheismeanandneverinvitespeopletomeals.

adj.卑鄙的oflowcharacter,aims,etc.Itisameanmotive.GrammarLinkingverbs-Sorts1）狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞用來表示主語狀態(tài)，只有be一詞Heisateacher.他是一名教師。（is與補(bǔ)足語一起說明主語的身份。）

2）持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,standHealwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他開會(huì)時(shí)總保持沉默。

Thismatterrestsamystery.此事仍是一個(gè)謎。

3）表像系動(dòng)詞用來表示"看起來像"這一概念，主要有seem,appear,lookHelookstired.他看起來很累。

Heseems(tobe)verysad.他看起來很傷心。

4）感官系動(dòng)詞感官系動(dòng)詞主要有feel,smell,sound,tasteThiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.這種布手感很軟。

Thisflowersmellsverysweet.這朵花聞起來很香。

5）變化系動(dòng)詞這些系動(dòng)詞表示主語變成什么樣，變化系動(dòng)詞主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.Hebecamemadafterthat.自那之后，他瘋了。

Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.她沒多長時(shí)間就富了。

6）終止系動(dòng)詞表示主語已終止動(dòng)作，主要有prove,trunout,表達(dá)"證實(shí)"，"變成"之意Therumorprovedfalse.這謠言證實(shí)有假。

Thesearchproveddifficult.搜查證實(shí)很難。

Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的計(jì)劃終于成功了。（turnout表終止性結(jié)果）Notes1.連系動(dòng)詞除be外通常不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中。例如:-Doyoulikethematerial?

-Yes,itfeelsverysoft.

2.一般情況下，連系動(dòng)詞后主要跟形容詞或分詞作表語。例如:Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot，youmaygetrunoverbyacar.

3.有些連系動(dòng)詞能跟名詞作表語:be,become,appear,seem,prove,remain和turn等。注意:turn后跟(表示主語身份的)名詞作表語時(shí)，不加冠詞。例如:ThepopulationgrowthinChinaremainsaproblem.

Hiswishistobecomeascientist.

Hehasturnedthief.（注意turn后跟的名詞一般要省去冠詞。）Hewentachildbutreturnedaworker.

4．連系動(dòng)詞后也可跟介詞短語:ThearticleisaboutusingtheInternettohelppeopleofallages.5.連系動(dòng)詞后也可跟不定式(todo/tobe)，常見的有:appear,seem,remain,prove,look等。例如:Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremainstobeseenwhethertheywillenjoyit.

Onthelongjourney,Peterprovedtobeamostinterestingguide.Weallhadawonderfultime.

6.下面的句中g(shù)et，grow,become,go,turn與其后面的詞是固定的搭配，不能換用。如：Shemusthavegottenlost.她一定迷路了。

Imustgetreadytostart.我得準(zhǔn)備出發(fā)。

Truthnevergrowsold.真理永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)過時(shí)。

Theyarebecomingmoreawakened.他們?cè)絹碓接X醒了。

Thecarwasgoingcheap.汽車越來越便宜了。

Hemusthavegonemad.他一定是瘋了。

Iturnedfiftyonmylastbirthday.我上次過生日已滿五十歲。

TaskLanguagePointsOtherthantabletennis,whatsportdopeoplenotliketoplay?(P44)除了乒乓球，還有什么運(yùn)動(dòng)人們不喜歡玩。otherthan

1)FORMALdifferentfromorexcept:
Holidaysotherthanthoseinthisbrochuredonothavefreeplacesforchildren.
Theformcannotbesignedbyanyoneotherthanyourself.
2)inanegativesentence,usedtomeanexcept:
TheresnothingonTVtonight,otherthanrubbish.Whatsportdopeopleprefertabletennisto?(P44)比起乒乓球人們更喜歡什么運(yùn)動(dòng)？prefer

verb[T](-rr-)
tolike,chooseorwantonethingratherthananother:
Doyoupreferhotorcoldweather?
Ipreferredwinetowhite.
[+ingformofverb]Hepreferswatchingrugbytoplayingit.
[+toinfinitive]Idprefernottodiscussthisissue.
FORMALIdpreferyounottosmoke(=Iwouldlikeitbetterifyoudidnotsmoke).ProjectImportantWords

1.guide

n．領(lǐng)路人，導(dǎo)游者，引導(dǎo)者，指南

aguidebook導(dǎo)游指南

Aguideledusaroundthecity．向?qū)覀兊绞袃?nèi)各地去游玩。

AGuidetoEnglishGrammar《英語語法入門》

vt．指導(dǎo)，支配，管理，帶領(lǐng)，操縱vi．任向?qū)?p>Heguidedusthroughthenarrowstreetstothesupermarket.他領(lǐng)著我們穿過小街到那超市。

guideaperson’shand牽某人的手。

常用guidesb．indoingsthguidesbtoaplace

guidancen．指導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)guidedadj．有導(dǎo)游的guidedtour有導(dǎo)游的游覽

●試題回顧

謝謝你指導(dǎo)我學(xué)習(xí)。Thankyouforguidingmeinmystudy.

2.step

v．走，舉步，移步，踏vi走，跨步n．[C]腳步，措施，梯級(jí)，臺(tái)階

stepinto／outofsp.走進(jìn)／走出某地;stepoutside走到外面

Gotwosteps,please．跨兩步。

takestepstodosth.=takemeasurestodosth.=dosth.todo…采取措施做某事

Shetookafewstepstowardsthewindow．她向窗口走了幾步。

Theyhavemadeabigstepintheirbusiness．他們?cè)谑聵I(yè)上邁進(jìn)了一大步。

Sorry!DidIsteponyourtoes?對(duì)不起!我是不是踩到你的腳了?

詞組：in(outof)step步調(diào)(不)一致stepforward向前走

stepmothern．繼母stepbystep一步一步地，逐漸地

3.aid

n．[u]幫助，援助；[C]幫助者，有幫助的事物

Hecametomyaid．他來幫助我。firstaid急救

withtheaidof借著……的幫助inaidofsb/sth以支援或幫助某人/事物cometosb’said前來（去）援助某人

givesbafinancialaid以財(cái)物支援某人teachingaids教具

vt．資助，援助，幫助(比help正式)

aidsbin／with…aidsb．todosth．

Heaidedmeinbusiness／withmoney．他在事業(yè)上／金錢上幫助我。

●試題回顧

_________ofthe_________stick，theinjuredwentonhisway．

A．Withtheaid；walkingB．Underaidof；walking

C．Withthehelp；walkD．Underthehelp；walking

4.directadj.直的，直接的，直系的，直率的adv．直接地

adirectresult直接后果thedirectraysofthesun太陽的直射光線

WeflewdirectfromLondontoNewYork．我們直接從倫敦飛到紐約。

vt.,vi．指示方向，指路，指導(dǎo)，指揮

Idirectedthetravelertothehotel．我告訴了這個(gè)旅行者去旅館的路。

directionn．[c]命令，指示；方位；(常用復(fù)數(shù))指導(dǎo)，說明

詞組：inalldirections=ineverydirection向四面八方

inthedirectionof…向……方向

undersb’sdirection在……的指導(dǎo)下from…direction從……方向

directorn．指導(dǎo)者；局長；董事

Heisoneofthedirectorsofthecompany．他是這個(gè)公司的董事之一。

●完成句子

1)Hereceivedinquiriesaboutthematterfromalldirections．

2)Wedidtheworkunderhisdirection．

5.linkn.關(guān)系，聯(lián)系

Theremaybealinkbetweenthetwomurders.這兩起謀殺案之間可能有聯(lián)系。

have（commercial,cultural)linkswith…和……有（商業(yè)，文化）往來，聯(lián)系

v.linkAwith/andBlinksth(up)將……連接或聯(lián)系起來

belinkedwith和……相連接或聯(lián)系

6.differentlyadv．不同地

differencen.[C，U]不同，差別，差異

Youngpeoplemustbetaughttolearnthedifferencebetweengoodandevil．

必須教導(dǎo)年輕人學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分善與惡。

tellthedifferencebetweenAandB說出A和B之間的區(qū)別

Thereisalittle／no／greatdifferencebetweenAandB.

A和B之間有些／沒有／有很大區(qū)別。

makea,no,some…difference(tosb/sth)

(對(duì)某人/某物)有、沒有、有些……影響，起重要作用

makenodifference沒關(guān)系makeadifferencebetween區(qū)別對(duì)待

differentadj．不同的

bedifferentfrom和……不同bedifferentin在……方面不同

Aisnot／alittle／quitedifferentfromBA與B沒有／有些／完全不同

●試題回顧（漢譯英）

1)你選哪一個(gè)事關(guān)重大。Whichoneyouwillchoosemakesgreatdifference.

2)都市生活和鄉(xiāng)村生活是非常不同的。

Thelifeinthecitiesisquitedifferentfromthatinthecountry.

8.require

(1)vt.需要

requiresb/sthrequiresbtodosth

sthrequiredoing=sthrequiretobedone

requirethatsb(should)dosth

(2)vt.要求

requiresthofsb例：Whatdoyourequireofme?

requiresbtodosth

It’srequiredthatsb(should)dosth.例：It’srequiredthatyouarriveat8a.m.

9.patientadj．有耐心的，能容忍的[(+with)]反義詞：impatient

n．病人；患者

He’saverypatientman．他是個(gè)很有耐心的人。

Thedoctorisverypatientwithhispatients．那位醫(yī)師對(duì)病人十分耐心。

詞組：bepatientwithsb/sth容忍某人/某物

beimpatientwithsb/atsth對(duì)……不耐煩，無耐心

beimpatientforsth/todosth急切地beimpatientof不能忍受

patiencen．耐心；容忍

●試題回顧漢譯英

這位教師對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)差的學(xué)生很有耐心。

Theteacherispatientwiththestudentswhoareweakintheirstudies.

10.dividevt．vi．(常與in，into連用)分開；劃分，(數(shù)學(xué)上的)除。

bedividedinto分成(兩份時(shí)用bedividedintohalves或bedividedinhalf)

divideup分配divideamong/between在……之間分配

bedividedby被……除

15dividedby3is5．3除15等于5。

●試題回顧

班級(jí)被分成6個(gè)小組。Theclassisdividedintosixgroups.

11.equal

adj．(無比較級(jí)，反義詞：unequal)相等的，均等的;勝任的，合適的，不相上下的

equalpayforequalwork同工同酬beequaltosth/doingsth等于;能勝任

Twicethreeisequaltosix．二三得六。

vt.equalsb/sth(insth)與某人/某物相等或相同

12.consideration，n．考慮，思考

giveaproblemcarefulconsideration仔細(xì)考慮問題

Johnnevershowedanyconsiderationforanyone．約翰從來不關(guān)心別人。

underconsideration在考慮中inconsiderationof考慮到，體諒

Theydidn’tgivehimheavyworkinconsiderationofhisyouth．

考慮到他年輕,他們沒給他繁重的工作。

take…intoconsideration考慮到，顧及到

considerdoingsth．考慮要做某事considern.as/tobe

considersbtohavedonesth認(rèn)為某人做過某事considerthat-clause

●試題回顧漢譯英；

1)我們正考慮赴加拿大。

WeareconsideringleavingforCanada．

2我認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)出色的音樂家。

Iconsiderhimtobe/asagoodmusician．

13.basisn．[C]基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)

Histheoryhasasolidbasisinfact．他的理論有確實(shí)的事實(shí)為基礎(chǔ)。

Whatsthebaseof／foryouridea?你這個(gè)想法的根據(jù)是什么?

establish／laythebasisof／for建立……的基礎(chǔ)

Onthebasisofthefacts,wecanreachthefollowingconclusion．

根據(jù)這些事實(shí)，我們可以導(dǎo)出如下結(jié)論。另外，兩詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式都為bases。

basen.基地，根據(jù)地[C]anairbase空軍基地

v.base…on／upon…以……為基礎(chǔ)

辨析：base與basis兩者都表示“基礎(chǔ)”之意。但base指具體的物品、物的底座、基地；而basis指抽象的(比喻)基礎(chǔ)、根據(jù)。如：thebaseofabuilding建筑物的基礎(chǔ)，theeconomicbasis經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)

onthebasisof…以……為基礎(chǔ)

14.bottomn．底，底部，盡頭，末端

Thebottomoftheglassiswet．玻璃杯的杯底是濕的。

Theshipsanktothebottomofthesea．那艘船沉到海底了。

atthebottomof在……的底部

15.errorn．[C／U]錯(cuò)誤，過失，誤差Youareinerror．你錯(cuò)了。

make(commit)anerror出錯(cuò)誤spellingerrors描寫錯(cuò)誤

leadsb．intoerror/fallintoerror誤人歧途dosth．inerror誤做某事

16.consultv．（1）商量，商議consultwithsb．與……協(xié)商

（2）請(qǐng)教，參考consultsb/sthaboutsth

consultadoctor看醫(yī)生

Haveyouconsultedyourdoctoraboutyourillness?你找你的醫(yī)生看過病情了嗎?

注意：表示“查……材料”consult后接“字典，書籍”等，而lookup則接查詢“字、詞及相應(yīng)的直接對(duì)象”。lookupthewordinthedictionary在字典里查詞，consultadictionary查字典

17.cheat

n．欺騙，騙子

v．欺騙，騙取cheatatsth

cheatsb．into…／outof…欺騙某人做／不做……

●試題回顧完成句子

1)Thesalesmancheatedherintobuyingafake．／athermoney．

2)Theboycheatedintheexamandwascaughtcheating．

18.attachv.

(1)attachsthtosth將某物系在或附在另一物上

(2)attachoneselftosb依附，纏著某人

(3)attachsbtosb/sth使隸屬于

Youwillbeattachedtothisdepartment.你將隸屬于這個(gè)部門。

(4)attachtosb與某人相關(guān)聯(lián)，歸于某人

(5)beattachedtosb/sth依戀、愛慕、留戀……

19.obtain

v.[T]FORMAL
togetsomething,especiallybyaskingforit,buyingit,workingforitorproducingitfromsomethingelse:
Firsteditionsofthesebooksarenowalmostimpossibletoobtain.
Inthesecondexperimenttheyobtainedaveryclearresult.
Sugarisobtainedbycrushingandprocessingsugarcane.

v.[Inotcontinuous]FORMALtoexist:
Conditionsofextremepovertynowobtaininmanypartsofthecountry.Phrases1.keep…inmind記住，牢記2.sitdownatacomputerterminal坐在電腦前3.aidsbin/withsth在……上援助某人4.searchengine搜索引擎5.bebasedonthekey根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞6.typein輸入7.subjectdirectory主題目錄檢索8.comb(through)sth徹底搜尋……9.bedividedinto…被分成……10.onthe/abasisof…以……為基礎(chǔ)11.uptodate最近，最新12.take…intoconsideration考慮13.inconsiderationof作為對(duì)……的回報(bào)14.atthebottomof在底部，下方15.asa(general)rule通常16.corfirmtheinformation確認(rèn)信息17.besureof/about對(duì)……確信，有把握18.makeadifference有關(guān)系，有影響19.belongtosb屬于某人20.makedecisionabout對(duì)……作決定21.followthetips/advice采取建議UnitRevisionWordList

1.acquire取得、獲得、學(xué)到2.downtown在市中心；鬧市區(qū)3.analysis分析n.4.sceptical持懷疑態(tài)度的5.statistics統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)6.popularity人氣、受歡迎程度7.drawback缺點(diǎn)、障礙8.accurate精確的9.troublesome令人煩惱的10.occur發(fā)生、出現(xiàn)11.diploma畢業(yè)證書、文憑12.handle處理、對(duì)付13.dynamic有生氣的,有活力的14.evident明顯的、顯然的15.explicit明確的、明晰的16.relevant相關(guān)的、有關(guān)的17.controversial有爭議的18.intelligent聰明的、明智的19.evaluate評(píng)估、鑒定20.specific具體的、明確的

21.consult咨詢、查閱22.qualification資格；資格證書23.outline提綱、輪廓24.attach依附、貼上

25.forecast預(yù)報(bào)；預(yù)測n.26.frequent頻繁的；經(jīng)常的27.dull枯燥的；乏味的28.applaud鼓掌；喝彩29.predict預(yù)言、預(yù)料vt.30.classify將…分類31.proofread校對(duì)32.confirm證實(shí)33.hyphen連字符34.quotation引用；引文35.background背景36.advantage有利條件37.moreover而且38.false不正確的、虛假的39.admire欽佩、羨慕40.patient有耐心的

1.thatistosay也就是說，換言之2.currentaffairs時(shí)事3.travelpackage包價(jià)旅游4.turnto求助于；轉(zhuǎn)向5.allsortsof各種各樣的6.uptodate最近的，最新的7.beaccustomedto…習(xí)慣于…8.wornout疲憊的；精疲力竭的9.bepopularwith受…的歡迎10.behappywith對(duì)…感到滿意11.keep…inmind記住，牢記12.searchengine搜索引擎13.subjectdirectory主題目錄檢索14.bedividedinto…被分成15.take…intoconsideration考慮到16.onthatbasis在此基礎(chǔ)上17.asageneralstate一般情況下18.searchfor搜索、尋找19.doublequotationmarks雙引號(hào)20.keyword關(guān)鍵詞

21.buildsocialties建立社會(huì)關(guān)系22.correctmistakes/errors訂正錯(cuò)誤23.weatherforecast天氣預(yù)報(bào)24.supportone’sarguments支持某人觀點(diǎn)25.heavyInternetusers過度使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)者26.affectone’sprivatelives影響某人的私生活27.prosandcons正反兩方面的意見28.anotheraspectof另一方面29.beaddictedtotheInternet沉迷于網(wǎng)絡(luò)30.havenoqualifications沒有資格31.completeadiplomacourse完成學(xué)業(yè)

Unit4PublictransportWelcometotheunitLanguagePointsdropoff

phrvtobegintosleep　Shekeptdroppingoffatherdesk.

　Imusthavedroppedofftosleep.

dropsb/sthofftotakesomeoneorsomethingtoaplacebycarandleavethemthereonyourwaytoanotherplace　Illdropyouoffonmywayhome.

tofalltoalowerleveloramount　Thenumberofgraduatesgoingintoteachinghasdroppedoffsharply.Reading

PartA1.In18632.Becauseitlinkedwithotherlinesatalmosteverystation,makingthesystemmoreuser-friendly.3.Heisthearchitectthatdesignedmanyofthestationsbetween1918and1938.Manyofthestationsarestillinusetoday.PartC11.MostrailwaytracksdidnotgointotheLondoncitycentre,sobuseswererequired.Thisincreasedtrafficontheroad.Theundergroundsystemtransportedmorepeoplewithoutincreasingtrafficontheroad.2.Thecarriagesdidnothavewindowsandwerepulledbysteamenginesthroughnarrowtunnels.3.HeboughtmanyofthedifferentlinesandsetuptheUndergroundGroup.4.Ithasfunctionedasabombshelter,anaeroplanefactory,anti-aircraftcentre,meetingroomsforthegovernmentadministration.5.Morelineswereaddedbecausemorepeopletraveledontheunderground.6.Itmeansthatmanyofthelinesarelinkedatmanystations.Therefore,itisveryconvenientforriderstogotodifferentplacesinthecityfromanystation.

PartC2DateEvent1854Anundergroundrailwaywasdecidedtobebuilt1863Thefirsttunnelswereopened1868Thenextsectionoftheundergroundsystemwasopened1884Theundergroundservicewasprovidedinthemiddleofthecity1933Apublicorganizationwascreated1918-1938LondontransportwasexpandedAfter1945Morepeopletraveledontheundergroundandmorelineswereadded1977ThelastlinewasaddedLanguagePoints1.distant(Line5)

adj.faraway

inthedistantpast/future:farawayinthepastorfuture:
distancen.[CorU]theamountofspacebetweentwoplaces:
Hetravelsquiteadistance(=alongway)toworkeveryday.

Doesshelivewithinwalkingdistanceofherparents?

2.boundary

n.--theedge(Line5)

Themountainbecomesthenational~forbothcountries.

Thefenceservesasa~betweenthetwobuildings.

theboundariesofknowledge

3.historic

adj.--havingimportanceinorinfluenceonhistory(Line6)

11November1918isa~dayasitrepresentstheendofWorldWarI.

Canyoutellmewhenthe~meetingbetweenthetwogreatleaderswasheld?

Thisbuildingisof~importance.

historic/historical:

Historicandhistoricalaredifferentiatedinusage,thoughtheirsensesoverlap.

Historicreferstowhatisimportantinhistory:

thehistoricfirstvoyagetoouterspace

Itisalsousedofwhatisfamousorinterestingbecauseofitsassociationwithpersonsoreventsinhistory:

ahistorichouse

Historicalreferstowhateverexistedinthepast,whetherregardedasimportantornot:

ahistoricalcharacter

Historicalrefersalsotoanythingconcernedwithhistoryorthestudyofthepast:

ahistoricalnovel

historicaldiscoveries

Thedifferentiationbetweenthewordsisnotcomplete.Theyareoftenusedinterchangeably:

historictimesorhistoricaltimes

4.choke(Line8)

n.[C]v.窒息；堵塞；阻塞

1).Thechildswallowedapenandchockedtodeath.

2).Theroadstothecoastwerechokedwithtraffic.

3).Atlunchtimethestreetswerechokedwithtraffic.

4).Childrencanchokeonpeanuts.

引申:chockback忍住，抑制chockup因激動(dòng)等說不出話來

5.link(Line21)

v.[T]tomakeaconnectionbetweentwoormorepeople,thingsorideas:

1)Theexplosionsarenotthoughttobelinkedinanyway.

linkup:toformaconnection,especiallyinordertoworkoroperatetogether:

2)Theorganizationsaimistolinkuppeoplefromalloverthecountrywhoaresufferingfromthedisease.

3)Theylinkeduptwoareasbytelephone.

用法拓展:beconnectedwith與……相接，和……有聯(lián)系6.place(Line36)

v.--tobeinastateorsituation

1)Sheplacedataperecorderinfrontofheronthetable.

2)Hisuncooperativeattitudeplacedusinanembarrassingsituation.

3)Thisjobplacesgreatdemandsontheworkers,whichcanbequitestressful.

7.beresponsiblefor(L39)

beinchargeof

1)Thedriverisresponsibleforthepassengers’safety.

2)Philipistheprojectmanager.Heisresponsibleforanythingconcerningtheproject.

3)Whoisresponsibleformakingthedinnerreservation?

8.functionas(L42)

serveas

1)Mylivingroomalsofunctionsasastudy.

2)Theroomfunctionedasastoreroomforkeepingallourcollection.

3)Thebeautifulleaffunctionedasabookmark

9.honor(L51)

aqualitythatcombinesrespect,prideandhonesty:

amanofhonor

Wefoughtforthehonorofourcountry.

n.[C]areward,prizeortitlethatpubliclyexpressesadmirationorrespect:

Shereceivedanhonorforherservicestothecommunity.

inhonorofsb./sth.inordertocelebrateorshowgreatrespectforsomeoneorsth.:

abanquetinhonorofthepresident

10.permit(L57)

v.-tt-[T]toallowsth.:

Theregulationsdonotpermitmuchflexibility.

[+doing]Theprisonauthoritiespermitvisitingonlyonceamonth.

[+object+toinfinitive]Thesecuritysystemwillnotpermityoutoenterwithoutthecorrectpassword.

11.beneath

preposition(formal)
inortoalowerpositionthansb/sth;undersb/sth:Theyfoundthebodyburiedbeneathapileofleaves.◆Theboatsankbeneaththewaves.
notgoodenoughforsb:Heconsiderssuchjobsbeneathhim.

◆Theythoughtshehadmarriedbeneathher(=marriedamanoflowersocialstatus).

àUNDER
beneathadverb:Hercarefulmake-uphidthesignsofagebeneath.12.order

n.[U]順序inorderof:以……的順序
outoforder：雜亂無序Thechildrenlinedupinorderofage/height.
IcantfindthefileIneedbecausetheyrealloutoforder(=theyarenolongerarrangedinthecorrectway).
Putthefilesinalphabeticalorder.

13.discount

n.[C]areductionintheusualprice:折扣Theyusuallygiveyouadiscountifyoubuymultiplecopies.
Theyoffera10percentdiscountonrailtravelforstudents.

atadiscount(a)atareducedprice打折扣;減價(jià).(b)(fig比喻)nothighlyvalued;unfashionable不受重視的;不時(shí)興的:Concernforothersseemstobeat(somethingof)adiscounttoday.如今好像不興關(guān)心別人了.WordPowerLanguagePoints1.relyonsb./sth.

1)依靠，依賴
[+ingformofverb]Thesuccessofthisprojectreliesoneveryonemakinganeffort.
[+toinfinitive]Imrelyingonthegaragetofixthecarbytomorrow.
2)totrustsomeoneorsth.ortoexpectthemtobehaveinaparticularway指望，期待
Britishweathercanneverbereliedon-itsalwayschanging.
[+ingformofverb]Dontrelyonfindingmeherewhenyougetback(=Imighthavegone).GrammarParticiples分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，具有動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句中作定語、補(bǔ)足語、表語或狀語。其否定形式是直接在前面加not。分詞的基本情況如下表所示：類別主動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)間意義語態(tài)意義現(xiàn)在分詞一般式DoingBeingdone與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生根據(jù)語態(tài)形式，主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)意義完成式HavingdoneHavingbeendone發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前根據(jù)語態(tài)形式，主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)意義過去分詞done無表示動(dòng)作完成被動(dòng)意義I.分詞的構(gòu)成

分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成為V+ing,過去分詞構(gòu)成為V+ed。分詞也有一般式、過去式、完成式及主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)等各種形式。II.現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別

1.在時(shí)態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，而過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成。Developingcountries發(fā)展中國家Thedevelopedcountries發(fā)達(dá)國家Boilingwater沸騰的水Boiledwater開水2.在語態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，而過去分詞表示被動(dòng)。Theoppressingclass壓迫階級(jí)Theoppressedclass被壓迫階級(jí)Burningfire燃燒的火焰Burnedskin燒傷的皮膚III.分詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)

1.一般式（主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)）分詞的一般式的主動(dòng)式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。其被動(dòng)式表示這個(gè)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生或與謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，主要作定語、狀語或賓補(bǔ)。WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundhimreading.當(dāng)我進(jìn)入房間時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在讀書。

Ifoundtheflowerswatered.我發(fā)現(xiàn)花已澆過了。

Thebuildingbeingrepairedisahospital.正在修建的建筑物是一家醫(yī)院。

Hefoundthematterbeingtalkedeverywhere.他發(fā)現(xiàn)到處都在談?wù)撨@件事。

Beingsurrounded,theenemywereforcedtoputdowntheirguns.敵人被包圍，不得不繳械投降。

2.完成式（主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)）分詞的完成式表示分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前。完成時(shí)態(tài)的分詞在句中常作狀語，一般不作定語。Nothavingmadeadequatepreparation,wepostponedthesportsmeet.

由于沒做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，我們推遲了運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howcouldhegiveitup?

給了這樣好的機(jī)會(huì)，他怎能放棄呢？

3.現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式與過去分詞的區(qū)別過去分詞表示動(dòng)作已完成，不強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念，而現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式強(qiáng)調(diào)某一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中。Thebuildingrepairedislibrary.修建過的那個(gè)建筑物是我們的圖書館。

Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.正在修建的那個(gè)建筑物是我們的圖書館。

4.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞在時(shí)間含義上的區(qū)別延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)態(tài)的句子，而終止性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)一般過去時(shí)的從句。Walkinginthestreettheotherday(=WhileIwaswalkinginthestreettheotherday),Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.那天我在馬路上走時(shí)，突然碰到了我的一個(gè)老朋友。

Arrivingattheairport(=WhenIarrivedattheairport),Ifoundmylighthadtakenoff.

到達(dá)機(jī)場時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的班機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了。

IV.分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)

分詞（短語）作狀語時(shí)，盡管在形式上它沒有主語，但其邏輯上的主語必須和謂語動(dòng)詞的主語保持一致。Studyinginthecollege(=WhenIstudiedinthecollege),Ilearnedalotfrommyteachers.

在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，我從老師那里學(xué)到了很多東西。但是,分詞有時(shí)也有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯上的主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。它可以表示時(shí)間，原因，條件，伴隨的動(dòng)作，有時(shí)還可用介詞with,without來引導(dǎo)。Hismotherbeingill,heisabsenttoday.他的母親病了，他今天沒來。（原因）

Timepermitting,theywillstarttodoanewjob.如果時(shí)間允許，他們會(huì)開始做一項(xiàng)新工作。（條件）

Herushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.他滿臉是汗地沖進(jìn)了房間。（伴隨）

Theytraveledawholeday,withoutanyfoodeaten.他們餓著肚子旅行了一整天。（伴隨）

注意：分詞用于獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，如果分詞是being,havingbeendone形式時(shí)，沒有實(shí)際意義的being或havingbeen可以省略。Theoldmanwasinabadcondition,histemperature(being)over40℃andhispulse(being)weakandrapid.那位老人處于不好的狀況，他的體溫超過40℃，脈搏既弱又快。

Thereport(havingbeen)read,adiscussionbegan.讀完報(bào)告，開始討論。

Theexperiment(havingbeen)finished,weleftthelabandwenthome.實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束后，我們離開了實(shí)驗(yàn)室回家了。Asadjectives:v-ing形式作定語1.單個(gè)的v-ing形式可以作前置定語，表示所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在意思上接近一個(gè)定語從句，可以表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，也可表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。developingcountries=countriesthataredeveloping發(fā)展中國家

anordinary-lookinghouse=ahousethatlooksordinary看起來很普通的房子

apuzzlingproblem=aproblemthatpuzzlessomebody困擾人的問題

2.作定語的v-ing形式如是一個(gè)短語，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面。Thebottlecontainingvinegarshouldbesenttothelaboratory.

裝著醋的那個(gè)瓶子應(yīng)送到實(shí)驗(yàn)室去

Theylivedinahousefacingsouth.他們住在一所朝南的房子里。

3.某些情況下，定語不能用v-ing形式，必須用定語從句。①作定語的動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示的動(dòng)作要與主句謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，如兩者不能同時(shí)發(fā)生的話，則需使用定語從句。昨天來的教授將要給我們作一個(gè)講座。

Theprofessorcominghereyesterdaywillgiveusalecture.Theprofessorwhocamehereyesterdaywillgiveusalecture.②v-ing形式的完成式一般只用作狀語，不作定語。被地震毀壞的廟宇很快就要重建了。

Thetemplehavingbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.Thetemplewhichhasbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.v-ed形式作定語1.單個(gè)動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞之前，作前置定語。Awatchedpotneverboils.心急鍋不開。

Allthebrokendoorsandwindowshavebeenrepaired.所有的壞門窗都修好了。

Whenwearrived,weeachweregivenaprintedquestionpaper.

　我們到達(dá)的時(shí)候，每人被發(fā)給了一份印制好的試卷。

提　示如要表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，單個(gè)動(dòng)詞-ed形式也可作后置定語。　Moneyspentismorethanmoneyearned.入不敷出。2.帶有修飾語或其他成分的v-ed形式一般都作后置定語，在語法上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。Wehavereadmanynovelswrittenbythisauthor.

(=thatarewrittenbythisauthor)我們讀過這個(gè)作家寫的許多小說。

Halfofthehonoredguestsinvitedtothereceptionwereforeignambassadors.

(=whohadbeeninvitedtothereception)

被邀請(qǐng)到招待會(huì)上的貴賓有一半都是外國大使。

Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.

(=whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents)

這次會(huì)議獲得很大的成功，共有一千名學(xué)生出席了。

Awomandressedlikealawyercameinandtookherseatasjudge.

(=whowasdressedlikealawyer)

一個(gè)律師裝扮的女人走了進(jìn)來，并作為法官就座。

v-ing和v-ed形式作定語的區(qū)別1．及物動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作定語表示與被修飾名詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，及物動(dòng)詞的-ed形式表示與被修飾名詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

ThegroupcalledGreenHandistryingtohelptheenvironment.

ThegroupcallingitselfGreenHandistryingtohelptheenvironment.

2．不及物動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示動(dòng)詞正在進(jìn)行，而v-ed形式表示動(dòng)作已完成。

therisingsun正在升起的太陽therisensun升起了的太陽

boilingwater正沸騰的水boiledwater開水

fallingleaves正在飄落的葉子fallenleaves落葉

changingcondition變化著的情況changedcondition改變了的情況

developingcountries發(fā)展中國家developedcountries發(fā)達(dá)國家

不及物動(dòng)詞－ed形式只表示完成的意義，并不帶有被動(dòng)的含義。

anescapedprisoner=aprisonerwhohasescaped逃犯

aretiredworker=aworkerwhohasretired退休工人

anewlyarrivedguest=aguestwhohasjustarrived新來的客人Asadverbsv-ing形式作狀語動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞，其動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者與句子主語是主動(dòng)一致。在句中表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨情況等。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步狀語時(shí)多位于句首；作結(jié)果、伴隨情況狀語時(shí)常位于句末。1表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。

Havingmadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination.

(=Afterwehavemadefullpreparations...)

2表示原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。

Beingill,hedidntgotoschoolyesterday.(=Sincehewasill...)

3表示結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列謂語。

Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.(=andlefthimalotofmoney.)

4表示條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句。

Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.

=Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons...

5表示讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語從句。

Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.

=Althoughtheyknewallthis...

6表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說明，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)。

Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.

=...andstaredattheskyforalongtime

v-ed形式作狀語

動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語和動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語一樣，也可以表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。但其動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者與句子主語是被動(dòng)一致。1動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。

Seenfromthetower,thecitylooksbeautiful.

(=Whenthecityisseenfromthetower...)

Completelyexaminedbythedoctors,hewentbacktoschoolrightaway.

(=Afterhewascompletelyexamined...)

有時(shí)動(dòng)詞-ed形式前可加連詞when,while等來強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念。

Oncerecovered,hewentallouttodohiswork.

一恢復(fù)健康，他就全力以赴地干起了工作。

Whenaskedwhyshewaslateforclassagain,shehungherheadinshame.

當(dāng)被問到為什么上課又遲到時(shí)，她羞愧地低下了頭。

Oncestarted,theclockwillgohalfamonthandkeepgoodtime.

一旦給這鐘上了發(fā)條，它就會(huì)走半個(gè)月，并且走得很準(zhǔn)。

2動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語表示原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語從句。

Movedbytheheroicdeeds,thechildrencouldnthelpcrying.

(=Sincetheyweremovedbytheheroicdeeds...)

Writteninhaste,herletterisveryhardtoread.(=Asitwaswritteninhaste...)

Excitedbythenewdiscovery,wedecidedtogooutandcelebrate.

(=Becausewewereexcitedby...)

3動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語表示條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語從句。

Heated,waterchangesintosteam.　(=Ifwaterisheated...)

Givenmoretime,hewouldbeabletodobetter.(=Ifhewasgivenmoretime...)

Comparedwithotherprofessors,shewasanexcellentspeaker.　

(=Ifshewascomparedwithotherprofessors...)

4動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語表示讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。

Exhaustedbytherunning,theywentonrunningaftertherobber.

(=Althoughtheywereexhaustedbytherunning...)

Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisresearch.

(=Evenifhewaslaughedby...)

為了使-ed形式表示的條件、動(dòng)詞讓步意義更加明顯，我們可以加上適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞。

Evenifinvited,Iwontgo.即使受到邀請(qǐng)，我也不去。

Thoughbeatenbytheoppositeteam,theydidnotloseheart.

Unlessinvited,hewillnotcomebacktothecompany.

5動(dòng)詞-ed形式作狀語表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說明時(shí)，通常位于句子的后面，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列分句。

Theteacherstoodthere,surroundedbythestudents.(=andhewassurrounded…)　Hewentintotheoffice,followedbysomechildren.　(=andhewasfollowedbysomechildren)LanguagePoints1.head

v.togoinaparticulardirection走向，往某地出發(fā)
1）Iwasheadingoutoftheroomwhenshecalledmeback.
2）Heheadedstraightfor(=wenttowards)thefridge.
3）Ithinkweoughttoheadback/home(=returntowherewestarted)now,beforeitgetstoodark.2.Theyhavedonesointhehopethatpeoplewilltakenoticeoftheproblemscausedbypoisonoussmokeandgasfromcars.

1).Inthehopeof:懷著……希望Ihaven’tphonedyoutillfouroclockinthehopethatyoudbefinished.

2).takenotice(of):注意
togiveattentiontosomething:
Iaskedhimtodrivemoreslowly,buthedidnttakeanynotice.
Donttakeanynoticeof/Takenonoticeofwhatyourmothersays—shesjustinabadmood.3.ItwasanA+,whichwasbeyondmymodestexpectations.

beyond

prep.,adv.
1).outsideorafter(astatedlimit):
(1)Fewpeoplelivebeyondtheageofahundred.
(2)Wecannotallowtheworktocontinuebeyondtheendoftheyear.
(3)Histhoughtlessnessisbeyondbelief(=issogreatthatitisimpossibletobelieve)

2).Ifsth.isbeyondyou,youareunabletounderstandit:
Imafraidphysicsiscompletelybeyondme.TaskLanguagePoints1.Thestormswashedawaysoilalongtheroadandpartoftheroadisstillunderrepair.(P59)

washsth.away

Ifwaterorrainwashessth.away,itremovesitorcarriesitaway:
Thebloodonthepavementhadbeenwashedawaybytherainovernight.

underrepairbeingrepairedThehouseisunderrepairnow,sowehavetorentonetoliveinforawhile.

相關(guān)：underdiscussion在討論中

underconsideration在考慮中

underconstruction在建設(shè)中2.remind

v.[T]tomakesomeoneawareofsth.theyhaveforgottenormighthaveforgotten:
[+toinfinitive]Pleaseremindmetopostthisletter.
[+(that)]IrangJillandremindedher(that)theconferencehadbeencancelled.

remindyouofsth./sb.tobesimilarto,andmakeyouthinkof,sth.orsomeoneelse:使人想起……
Yourhairandeyesremindmeofyourmother.ProjectLanguagePoints1.Thenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeathsarisingfromthoseaccidentshasincreasedgreatlyoverthepastyear.(P62)

arise

v.[I](arose,arisen)tohappen:
Shouldtheopportunityarise,IdlovetogotoChina.
CouldyouworkonSaturday,shouldtheneedarise(=ifitweretobenecessary)?
Arethereanymattersarisingfrom(=causedby)thelastmeeting?2.Thisnoticeisaimedatincreasingpeople’sawarenessoftheproblembecauseithasbecomequiteextreme.(P62)

aimatsth.

toplan,hope/intendtoachievesth.:
Thetalksareaimingatacompromise.

[+doing]Thegovernmentscampaignisaimedatinfluencingpublicopinion.

awareadj.knowingthatsth.exists,orhavingknowledgeorexperienceofaparticularthing:[+that]Iwasntevenawarethathewasill.
Shewaswell(=very)awarethathewasmarried.

Wereyouawareoftherisksatthetime?

Isuddenlybecameawareof(=startedtonotice)himlookingatme.

"HasClaudepaidthephonebill?""NotasfarasImaware."(=Idontthinkso)
awareness

n.[U]
Publicawarenessoftheproblemwillmakepoliticianstakeitseriously.
Environmentalawarenesshasincreaseddramaticallyoverthepastdecade.3.Wemustallbeawareofthepotentialcausesoftrafficaccidentsandacttopreventthem.(P62)

potentialadj.possiblewhenthenecessaryconditionsexist:
1)Anumberofpotentialbuyershaveexpressedinterestinthecompany.
2)Manypotentialcustomersarewaitingforafallinpricesbeforebuying.
3)TheaccidentisagrimreminderofthepotentialdangersinvolvedinNorthSeaoilproduction4.Manydriversareaggressiveandpushintootherlanesoftrafficorovertakeothercars.(P62)

aggressiveadj.1)behavinginanangryandviolentwaytowardsanotherperson:
Mentendtobemoreaggressivethanwomen.
IfIcriticizehim,hegetsaggressiveandstartsshouting.

2)determinedtowinorsucceedandusingforcefulactiontoachievevictoryorsuccess:
anaggressiveelectioncampaign
aggressivemarketingtactics

overtakev.(overtook,overtaken)vt.togobeyondsth.bybeingagreateramountordegree:
OurUSsaleshavenowovertakenoursalesinEurope.
Wedplannedtoholdameetingtomorrow,buteventshaveovertakenus(=thingshavechanged).

2)vt./vi.tocomefrombehindanothervehicleorapersonandmoveinfrontofit:
Alwayscheckyourrearviewmirrorbeforeyouovertake(anothercar).5.Recentlythenumberofpeoplefinedforspeakingontheirmobilephoneswhiledrivinghasincreasedby30percent.(P62)

finen.c.anamountofmoneythathastobepaidasapunishmentfornotobeyingaruleorlaw:
Themaximumpenaltyfortheoffenceisa00fine.
Iffoundguilty,hefacessixmonthsinjailanda

heavy(=severe)fine.vt.Driverswhoexceedthespeedlimitcanexpecttobefinedheavily.
[+twoobjects]Theyfinedhim0forusingthreateningbehavior.6.Ifyoudriveafteryouhaveconsumedalcoholicdrinks,youareviolatingthelawandriskingyourownlifeaswellasthelivesofothers.(P62)

consumevt.1)tousefuel,energyortime,especiallyinlargeamounts:
Ourhighlivingstandardscauseourpresentpopulationtoconsume25percentoftheworldsoil.

2)FORMALtoeatordrink,especiallyalotofsth.:
Heconsumesvastquantitiesofchipswitheverymeal.
7.violatevt.

tobreakoractagainststh.,especiallyalaw,agreement,principleorsth.thatshouldbetreatedwithrespect:
Theywerechargedwithviolatingfederallaw.8.risk

vt.1)todosth.althoughthereisachanceofabadresult:
---"Itsdangeroustocrosshere."

---"Illjusthavetoriskit."
[+doing]Heriskedlosinghishousewhenhiscompanywentbankrupt.
2)Ifyourisksth.important,youcauseittobeinadangeroussituationwhereyoumightloseit:
Heriskedlifeandlimbtogetthecatdownfromthetree.
Shewaspreparedtoriskeverythingonalastthrowofthedice.UnitRevisionWordList

1.underground/subway2.distant3.transport4.carriage5.comparatively6.narrow7.district8.advanced9.inconvenient10.minister地鐵遙遠(yuǎn)的運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送車廂，四輪馬車比較而言地，相對(duì)地窄的，狹窄的地區(qū)，行政區(qū)高級(jí)的，先進(jìn)的不方便的部長，大臣11.effectively12.horrible13.damp/wet14.gas15.official16.increase17.coast18.modest19.airline20.timetable有效地可怕的，恐怖的潮濕的汽油，天然氣，氣體官員增加海岸，海濱謙虛的航線時(shí)間表

21.port/harbour22.cause23.pedestrian24.lorry25.impatient26.bicycle27.pavement28.tyre29.invitation30.fine港口起因，事業(yè)，原因行人，步行者卡車不耐煩的自行車人行道輪胎誘因，請(qǐng)?zhí)P款31.assumption32.irresponsible33.overtake34.overload35.flyover36.reliable37.punctual38.assignment39.release假定，意想不負(fù)責(zé)任的超過，趕上使超載立交橋，高架公路可靠的，可信賴的準(zhǔn)時(shí)的，準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的分派的任務(wù)，布置的作業(yè)釋放排放，發(fā)行發(fā)表周年紀(jì)念日

51.aggressive52.alcoholic53.orderly54.dismiss55.adminstration56.sacrifice好斗的，侵略性的，咄咄逼人的酒精的，含酒精的秩序井然的，有條理的解散、打發(fā)行政部門、管理犧牲、奉獻(xiàn)

1.chokeoff2.steamengine3.inthemiddleof4.gosightseeing5.atadiscount6.inthehopethat7.takenonoticeof8.makebetteruseof9.makeupfor10.newsflash11.speedup12.washaway13.underrepair14.byferry15.inadditionto16.arisefrom17.beaimedat18.trafficjam19.acoupleof20.pickupanddropoffpeople21.havethedistinctionof22.theproblemwithtraffic23.theincreasednumberofvehicles24.thecenterofLondon25.linkup26.awealthyAmericanbusinessman27.beresponsiblefor28.beinuse29.increasepeople’sawarenessoftheproblem30.travelontheunderground31.duringWorldWarII32.acceleratethepaceof33.beneaththesurfaceoftheground34.inhonourof35.tollroad36.studentticket37.customsofficer阻塞蒸汽機(jī)在…的中間觀光，游覽打折希望沒注意到更好地利用彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償簡明，新聞快訊加速?zèng)_掉，沖垮正在修理中乘輪渡除…之外，包括由…引起，起源于目的是，旨在交通擁堵，塞車兩三個(gè)上下客有…的聲譽(yù)交通問題不斷增加了車輛倫敦市中心連接起來一位富裕的美國商人對(duì)…負(fù)責(zé)在使用中提高人們對(duì)問題的認(rèn)識(shí)乘地鐵旅游在二戰(zhàn)期間加快…的步伐緊貼地表以下為了紀(jì)念收費(fèi)公路學(xué)生月票海關(guān)官員

38.causedamageto39.comparativelynarrowtunnels40.beyondone’smodestexpectations41.at(during)peaktravelseasons42.apublicnotice43.PrimeMinister44.aclosedstation45.ananti-aircraftcenter46.functionas47.undertheauthorityof48.circleline49.bombshelter50.MayDayholiday51.trafficaccidents52.payattentiontosurroundingtraffic53.keep/beingoodcondition54.taketheadvantageof55.publictransport56.doone’spart57.runintoapedestrian58.violatethetrafficaccidents59.makedumplings產(chǎn)生破壞相對(duì)狹窄的隧道超乎某人保守估計(jì)在旅游旺季公告首相，總理一個(gè)已關(guān)閉的地鐵站一個(gè)反空襲中心起到…作用在…控制之下環(huán)線防空洞五一節(jié)交通事故注意周圍的車輛狀態(tài)良好利用公共交通貢獻(xiàn)一份力量撞到一個(gè)行人違反交通規(guī)則包餃子

distinct:adj.(1)clearlydifferentlyfrom…明顯區(qū)別于(2)verylikely,probable很可能(3)notable,prominent卓越的；不尋常的(4)clearlydefined;unquestionable確定無誤的；確切的

adistinctoccasion/flavor;adistincthonorandhighprivilege顯赫的名聲和崇高的殊榮Thereisadistinctpossibilitythatshewontcome.distinguish…(from/between…)vt.區(qū)分，辨別Canyoudistinguishthedifferentmusicalinstrumentsplayingnow?Everyoneofusshouldlearnhowtodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.2.It’sa_______sensetocall119whenthereisfire.(general,ordinary,common,usual)3.distantadj.DoyouknowthedistancebetweenBeijingandShanghai?Who’sthemaninthedistance?4.boundary=border

5.historical=belongingtohistory歷史的;historic=notableormemorableinhistory歷史上著名的;historianTherebuildingofthecitywilldogreatdamagetothe__________buildings.It’sreallytroublesometohandlesomeofthe__________problemsleftbyourfathers.6.transportn.vt.(trans-通過＋port港口)transportationn.airport;importn.vt.;exportn.vt.;imported/exportedgoods(port,harbor,thePearlHarbor)7.chockoff=blockTheincreasedvehiclesontheroadchockedofftraffic.8.beneath:(1)under/below;(2)notworthyof…不值得Hisaccusationsarebeneathnotice.It’sbeneathyoutocomplainaboutit.9._______(compare)with/tootherwomen,sheis*lucky.Theyouthsareusuallycompared______therisingsun.Noonecancompare_______Shakespeareasawriteroftragedies.Thistunnelis__________/___________(相對(duì))narrow.Theredonecostsmoreincomparison(withthegreenone).Theviewofthelittlehillisbeyond/without/past_________.這小山的景色無與倫比。10.linkup=uniteSeveralrelatedcompanieslinkedupandformedagiantgroup.belinkedto…11.district行政區(qū),area通用詞,region自然區(qū)域,zone有明顯特征和劃分的區(qū)域section部分,斷片,節(jié),項(xiàng)

apostal________;theforest________;thewild_________;theflooded_________;aresidential(居住的)_________;thesmokeless__________;thewar/danger__________;thetorrid/temperate/frigid(熱/溫/寒)_________12.Thenewpolicywillsurelyacceleratethe______(pace/step)oftheeconomicdevelopmentofourcountry.keeppacewith跟上，與…同Arewageskeepingpacewithinflation?工資的提高能否與通貨膨脹同步？

Thesnakewasjustlyingafewsteps/pacesaheadofme.

13.convenient--convenience;inconvenient

Cometohaveachatwhenyouareconvenient.(改錯(cuò))=Cometohaveachatatyourconvenience.

Wemadesuchanarrangementjustforyourconvenience.

14.separate…from…;divide…into…;

Ineedaseparateroom.Theypartedatthestationandwentontheirownwaysseparately.

15.acquirevt.--acquisitionn.(1)獲得；(2)獲得物

Thesedoctorsarethevaluable___________(難得人才)toourhospital.

Thisbookisthelatesta__________toourlibrary.

16.havetheauthorityforsth./todo…;(be)undertheauthorityof…

Youdonthaveanyauthorityforenteringthishouse.Itsprivate.Whogaveyoutheauthoritytodothat?

Theauthorityclaimedthatallthepeopleattendingthemeetingwillbearrested.

Noonedarestochallengehisauthority.TheagencyisundertheauthorityofEducationMinistry.

17.expandv.--expansionn.TherewasmuchexpansionofLondonundergroundasnewconnectionswere

builtbetweentrainlinesandnewstationswerebuilt.

Toorapid________maynotnecessarilyagoodthingforourdevelopment.

18.architecture建筑,建筑學(xué)n.--architect建筑師n.--architecturaladj.建筑上的,建筑學(xué)的

19.Thefunctionofanadjectiveistodescribeoraddtothemeaningofanoun.

Theoldmachinewontfunctionproperlyifyoudontoilitregularly.

functionas=serveas/workas用作，充當(dāng)

DuringWorldWarII,whenLondonwasbombed,manyundergroundstationsfunctionedasbombshelters.

20.anti-aircraft;anti-virus;anti-Japanese;antibiotics

21.ministry(政府的)部門;minister部長，大臣(PrimeMinister首相);premier總理(PremierZhou)

theMinistryofNationalDefense;MinistryofEducation;MinistryofFinance財(cái)政部;MinistryofCommerce商業(yè)部;MinistryofCommunications交通部;MinistryofForeignAffairs外交部;MinistryofPersonnel人事部

22.administratevt.,vi.管理;administrationn.管理,經(jīng)營,行政部門

23.user-friendly;environmentallyfriendly;wildlife-friendly

24.permitsb.todo…=allowsb.todo…;*permit/allowdoing…;allowfor…(考慮到…)

ask/give/refusepermission(請(qǐng)求/給予/拒絕許可)(permitn.執(zhí)照)

Ifmyhealthpermits/Myhealth_______,Iwillgoontocopewithittogetherwithyou.

Wedon’tpermit_______(smoke)here.=Nooneisallowed/permit________(smoke)here.

(Attention:permit較allow語氣更強(qiáng)，permit--允許+鼓勵(lì);allow--默許/不反對(duì))

25.gosightseeing26.horribleadj.;horrifysb.vt.;horrorn.

27.*3score/dozen;scoresof/dozensof;scoreagoodmark;

fortnight;decade;century;quarter;

28.discountn.vt.:discountsth.(1)打折(2)低估，忽視；atadiscount;adiscountedticket;discountcard

Theybargainedwiththeselleralongtimeandfinallygottheskirt________________.

Thepolice_______thepossibilitythatthiswasatheftbecausenothingexpensivehadbeentakenaway.

Youshould_______agreatdealofwhatappearsonline.

29.release:(1)釋放releaseaprisoner;releasesewageintoariver;

(2)免除/解除(債務(wù),義務(wù)或痛苦)releaseone’sdebts/right/suffering

(3)發(fā)行（書刊、影片）releaseafilm/book

(4)n.輕松，放松Aftertheexam,wehadafeelingofrelease.

30.inthehopethat/of…;withthehope/purposeof…

31.take(no)noticeof…WhenIcamein,hejusttooknonoticeofme.

32.Hecyclestoschooleveryday.=Hegoestoschoolbycyclingeveryday.

Somedriversdrivesofast,puttingthecyclistsandpedestriansindanger/risktheirownlivesaswellasothers’.

33.make(good/better/full)useof…;makethebest/mostof…;takeadvantageof…

34.aimagunat…;beaimedatsth./doing…目的在于…；旨在…aimtodo…aimfor…

Workhardandaimhigh!Theyallaimedforthejobsinbigcities.Theplanisaimedateliminatingpoverty.Mostofusworkhardatschoolaimingtoenteragooduniversity/aimingtobeadmittedbyagooduniversity.35.confuse…with…把…和…混淆；Don’tconfuse“sign”with“sigh”.Herconfusingreplygotmeconfused.Youneedtothinkitoverandtrytoclarifytheconfusionofideas.36.tiring;tired;betiredof…;trying;boring;bored;dull

37.annoysb.(使慍怒)–annoyed–annoying,toone’sannoyance;irritatesb.(激怒)–irritated–irritating

38.undertake:(1)承擔(dān),擔(dān)任(2)許諾,保證(3)著手做…undertaketodo…;undertakingn.事業(yè)，企業(yè)undertakeajob/post;Ican’tundertakethatyouwillsurelygetaprofitindoingso.

39.sacrificen.v.makesacrificestodo…;sacrificeone’slife(1)tosth/(2)todo…

Alambwasofferedinsacrifice.Hisparentsmadesacrificestopayforhiseducation.Hesacrificedhislifetosavethedrowningboy.Shesacrificedallherpleasureandpastimestoherhusband’sinterestsandwelfare.

40.assign…tosb.分配/派;assignsb.todo…分配/安排Whataretodaysassignment?今天的作業(yè)是什么?

Themonitor____________takenotesforthemeeting.Theteacher_____thehardestwork______us.

41.beyondone’sability;beyondimagination/expectation/hope;beyonddoubt;beyonddebate…

42.Weshouldworkmuchharderto________________thelosttimeandopportunities.

43.Duetotherain,themeetingwasputoff(=d_________/p_________)________nextMonday.

44.seaside海邊(廣義);coast海岸(線);beach海灘,沙灘;shore(河，湖，海)水陸相連的地方

Wearegoingtothe______tospendtheholiday.It’sverycomfortabletoliedownonthe_____bathinginthesun.Therearemanycoralreefs(珊瑚礁)*______theeast_______ofAustralia.The______aroundthelakeisreallyaparadiseforadiversevarietyofwaterbirds.

45.airline航線airlines航空公司flight航班;(fly–flew–flown–flightn.)

46.Aboltoflightningflashedacrossthehorizon.Anevilideaflashedintohismind.Thecarsflashedpast/bylikeagustofwind.I’llbereadyinaflash.Apieceofnewswasflashedonthescreen.newsflash

47.Let’s____________(加速)forthereislittletimeleft.Wouldyouplease____________(減速)?Iwanttogetoffhere.Thetaxidriver____________(加速)speedsuddenlyandovertookthepolicecarinaflash.Ifyougoondriving_____sucha______(以如此快的速度)speed,I’llneverrideinyourcaranylonger.______ourspeedmaybenow(速度是多少),youguess?48.depart:(1)=leave(尤其用于交通工具運(yùn)行)timeofdeparture/arrival(2)違背departfromroutine/customs(3)去世depart(from)thislifethedeparted死去的人49.Iftheforestis____________(砍光),therewillbenothingtoputthesoil_____________(保持)andthefertilesoilwillbe____________(沖走)byrain.50.repair/mend/fix/patch大多數(shù)情況下可通用。(1)fix是非正式用語；(2)復(fù)雜的和大規(guī)模的修理多用repair;(3)patch打補(bǔ)丁(4)mend表示對(duì)破物或衣服進(jìn)行修理或修補(bǔ)，也可以表示治愈創(chuàng)傷，矯正過錯(cuò)或使破裂的感情重歸于好

do/makerepairsto…;beyondrepair;underrepair(underdiscussion/construction/control/way…)ingood/badrepair(=ingoodbadcondition);repairto…到...去(特指成群地去或經(jīng)常去)Youmustdosomethingto_______yourreputation.Thetapisleaking.Wemust_______it.…buthehasnevermanagedtogetenoughmoneytohavethechurchclock_______.Hes_______nicelyafterhisoperation.It’sofgreatnecessitytoreflectyourselfand______yourwayofdoingthings.It’sa______softwareandyoudon’tneedtoregisteronline.Thewatchis__________.Irecommendbuyinganewone.Althoughtheoldclockisover100yearsold,itis_____rather____________(狀況良好).Myfamily_______________(常去)therestauranttoenjoythedeliciouslobsters.Hawaiiisalwaysthe______(經(jīng)常光顧的地方)oftouristsallovertheworld.Theyareworkingovertime_______________(修理)thecomputer.51.byair/water/sea/car/bus/bike/train/rail/ferry;onfoot;ina/the/one’scar;onone’sbikeIwenttoschool_____myfather’scaryesterday.He______ataxitothehospitaljustnow.Wedecidetogothere_____________(步行).=Wedecideto_______there.Thepresidentisto____________(飛往)Londontomorrow.=ThepresidentistoleaveforLondon____________.Maryusuallygoestowork_____herbike.TheyplanedtovisitDalian______________(坐輪渡).52.peak/summit山頂，頂峰(1)peak通常指最高點(diǎn)(2)summit指可達(dá)到的最高水平；注意習(xí)慣搭配：atthepeakofthewriterscareer;apeakincurrent.電流的峰值;Salestendtopeakjustbeforetheholidays.節(jié)日前銷售量趨于最高潮;workingatpeakefficiency.最大效率的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);asummitconference

53.Sheisalwaysp________,butherfriendisalwayslate.Heisar_________friendtodependon.54.arise:vi.(1)出現(xiàn);發(fā)生arisefrom/outof=resultfrom;(2)起來;站起arise--arouse---risen

arouse:vt.喚醒,喚起arouse–aroused–aroused

Mr.Black’shumorousandlivelyinstruction_______students’greatinterest.Theoddsightoftheanimal_______ourcuriosity.I______earlyeverymorning.Thefailure____________yourcarelessness.Theproblemdidn’t_______asexpected.Thetsunami__________________anstrongearthquake.55.extremelyn.;extremeadj.n.;gotoextreme

56.cause--必然的，直接的“根源”;reason–邏輯或理解上的“理由”(有時(shí)可通用，有交集)Theheavyrainwasthe______oftheflood.What’s______forhisoddbehaviors?Numerousheroesandheroinessacrificedtheirlivesforthe______ofpeaceandfreedom.57.Whendriversdonotpayattentionto__________traffic,theyarenotpreparedwhenanotherdriverdoessomethingwrong,likechanginglaneswithoutsignallingorgivingwrongsignals.It’sapeacefulvillage________bygreentreesandbeautifulflowers.Humanactivitiesarecloselyaffectingtheir__________.(surrounding,surrounded,surroundings)

58.bepatient/impatientwith…;patience/impatiencen.acoupleof

59.Thereis_______trafficontheroadsowearelikelytobelate.=Thetrafficontheroadisvery________.60.aggressive:(1)侵略性的；攻擊性的(2)有進(jìn)取心的anaggressiveyoungexecutive一個(gè)進(jìn)取心很強(qiáng)的年輕管理人員;Heisveryaggressive他生性好斗。61.overtake:(1)趕上；超過(2)（災(zāi)難）突然降臨(overtake--overtook--overtaken)Thecarovertookthetruck.Astormovertookthechildren.孩子們遇到了暴風(fēng)雨。62.concentrate(…)on….;concentrationn.專心；集中（注意力）;含量（百分比）Thisthesiswillneedallyourconcentration.這篇論文需要全神貫注才能讀懂。Whatistheconcentrationofsaltinseawater?海水中鹽的含量是多少？63.consumevt.--consumern.--consumptionn.64.violate(=break)thelaw/rules65.dismiss:(1)解雇；開除(2)解散；遣散(3)不理會(huì)；自心中摒除(4)〈法〉駁回Hewasdismissedfromhisjob.Thechairmandismissedthemeeting.Youaredismissed.(下課)Agoodfewpeopledismisstheideaassheer(純粹的)nonsense.不少人認(rèn)為這種想法是胡說八道。Hisappealwasdismissed.駁回他的上訴.66.assume:(1)假定；假設(shè),以為(2)采用；承擔(dān)(=takeon)assumption假定；假設(shè)Iassumeyoualwaysgetupatthesametime.assume(=undertake/takeon)aresponsibility/newdutiesAssuming/Supposingthehouseisforsale,wouldyoubuyit?anassumedname一個(gè)假名字Theirassumptionthattheirprojectunderwaywassomethingentirelynewproved(tobe)untrue.Somecyclistsmaketheassumptionthat(=takeitforgrantedthat)trafficlawsdonotapplyto(適用)them.Don’trelyontheinformationsheprovided.It’spurea__________onherpart.67.load…with…裝載Thetruckwasloadedwithgoods.overload:使超載download/uploadCarryingmorethanalightloadonyourbicycleoroverloadingitmakesitunsteadyandmoredifficulttocontrol.

68.Hesentmeae-mail,________(invite)metodinner.*Overloadingisa/an__________(誘因)toaccidents.69.Trafficlightsaretheretoguidetrafficinano_______way.orderly,friendly,deadly,lovely,likely,likely,lonely,motherly,monthly,weekly,yearly

70.takeshelterin/under…尋求保護(hù)/庇護(hù)It’sdangeroustotakeshelterunderabigtreeinathunderstorm.71.cover…with…(用…來覆蓋…);becoveredby(被…覆蓋—靜態(tài));becoveredwith(長滿了/鋪滿了…—?jiǎng)討B(tài))Over70percentofthesurfaceoftheearthiscovered_____water.Mumcoveredherbaby_____ablanket.Thegroundiscovered_____whitesnow.Thehilliscovered_____bushesandmosses.I’veneverseensuchahandcovered_____thickhair!72.Itisa__________(waste)effort__________(attempt)topersuadehimtogivein.73.bepoweredby由…提供動(dòng)力/支持

Themaglevtrainispoweredbymagnets.ThewebsiteispoweredbyCCTV.74.dodamageto…;doharmto…;dowrongto…;dogoodto…

75.inhonourof…;inmemoryof…;incelebrationof…76.inuse;outofuseTheoldrailwayisn’t___________.=Itis_________________.77.Iboughtaticket______________andr______theundergroundthreetimes(買了一張折扣票，坐了3次地鐵).79.faxsb./sendafaxtosb.;e-mailsb./sendane-mailtosb.80.Haveyou____whentogothereforsightseeing?No,wehaven’t____theexactdate.(decide/decideon)81.Duringp________travelseasonstheferriesareusuallyfullofp________.Sometimestheslowferriesarenotveryp__________sotheyarenotr_________.Thereisnog_________thatyoucangettheparticularferryyouwant.在旅游高峰季節(jié)，渡船往往客滿為患。有時(shí)，慢船不很準(zhǔn)時(shí)，因而不可靠。無法保證你能上得一合適的船。

82.Trafficaccidentscausemanyd________andi________everyyear,solearninghowtoprotectyourselff______dangerontheroadsisveryimportant.

Thepoliceinourcityhaver________apublicnoticee_________theproblemoftrafficaccidentsand

s________waysthatcitizenscanp_______accidents.警方發(fā)布了一則公告，說明了當(dāng)前交通事故的問題，并向市民推薦了一些防范措施。

83.--Whenwillwegothere,MondayorTuesday?--It’s__________you(todecideit).Eitherwilldotome.

Whatareyoubusywith/doingthesedays?=Whatareyou____________thesedays?

Theweathertodayhasincreased____________(高達(dá))30℃.(upto:(1)____(2)____(3)_____)

84.IwaslateforthemeetingthismorningbecauseIgota______tyrehalfway.

85.*Hewentuptotheboy,andpattedhimon______(his/the)should,_______(lead)himaway.

Hewentuptotheboy,patted_______(his/the)headand________(lead)himaway.

Thegirlwaslyingonthegrass,herhands_______(cross)underherhead.

______________________(沉浸在思考中),Mrs.Daididn’tpayattentiontowhatherhusbandcomplained.

_________(consider)everything,hediditquitewell.________(assume)itistrue,whatshouldwedo?

86.betrueof…對(duì)...適用,符合于Itis____________everybody,sothereisnoexception.

Thefilmisboringandthesameis____________itsmusic.

87.Givenmoretime,he’llm______(成為)afirstclasstennisplayer.Shecouldnotsit_______theboringfilm.

88.--______________Lilygotsolazyandcareless?--Ihavenoidea,either.89.--Alan!--What’sitthistime?You’verungmethreetimestoday!(又有什么事？)90.takesb.bysurprise使吃了一驚，嚇了一跳;makefor/headforYoushouldhavecalledmeinadvance.Youreallytookmebysurprise.Iwasjustmakingforthedoorwhenhesuddenlyseizedbytheneckfrombehind.91.gointoeffect生效;insearchof搜尋;beyondthereachof...;accountfor解釋,說明,占,是TheRoadTrafficLaw__________________inMaylastyear.Theyarecombingtheforest__________________ofthemurderer.Doputthemedicine________________________children.Electricalequipmentbringsc__________toourlife,butitalso________________oneofthecommonestandmostdangerouscausesofhomeaccidents.92.Thoughinsurancecompanymay__________________(補(bǔ)償)someofthelossesfinanciallywhenanaccidenthappens,theycannothelpwhenyourdearlybelovedrelativespassaway.Soyou’dbetterbecautious.Don’t_______futurehappiness_______onetimeconvenience(為一時(shí)方便葬送了未來的幸福).

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Livingwithtechnology

鄭集城區(qū)校區(qū)高二英語備課組學(xué)案Module7Unit1Reading
Learningaims:
1.Studentswillbeabletoreadsomeexhibitionboardsaboutthehistoryoftelevisionandaudiodevices;
2.Studentswillbeabletoknowthereadingstrategy---understandingsubtitles;
3.Studentswillbeabletotalkaboutthedevelopmentofotherelectronicdevices.
Learningimportantanddifficultpoints:
Learnhowtoquicklyobtaininformationinatextbyunderstandingthesubtitles.
Learningmethods:Discussionandtask－basedactivities
Step1課前學(xué)習(xí)：
A.詞形變換
1.uncertain____________(n.)
2.electric_____________(n.)
3.demand_____________(adj.)
4.apply______________(n.)
5.evolution___________(v.)
6.assume______________(n.)
7.convenience__________(adj.)
8.superior_____________(opp.)
9.variety________________(n.)
10.delight_______________(adj.)B.寫出下列動(dòng)詞以及過去式、過去分詞
1.上發(fā)條，纏、繞vt.____________________________________________
2.播放vt._______________________________________
3.運(yùn)用，應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)vt.vi._________________________________
4.投放市場，發(fā)起/動(dòng)vt.____________________________________
5.需要，要求v.__________________________________________
6.跳，跳躍，談起vi.___________________________________________
C.記住下列形容詞、副詞
1.無線的adj._____________2.優(yōu)越的，占優(yōu)勢的adj.________
3.電的adj.________________4.便攜的adj.__________________
5.總共，總而言之a(chǎn)dv._______________6.從個(gè)人角度，親自adv,________
D.寫出下列名詞
1.回顧，綜述___________________2.播送，廣播__________________
3.消費(fèi)者_(dá)_______________________4.信號(hào)，暗號(hào)___________________
5.快樂__________________________6.方便，便利___________________
E.短語翻譯:
1.比…優(yōu)越______________________2.上市，面市_______________________
3.各種各樣的________________________4.給……上發(fā)條__________________________
5.涌現(xiàn)，迅猛發(fā)展______________________
Step2Pre-reading導(dǎo)讀
Fastreadingforgeneralideas
方法指導(dǎo)：Gothroughthepassageasquicklyaspossibleandtrytofindanswerstothetwoquestions.Justfocusonandidentifytheinformationneededtoanswerthesequestions.
1.Wheredidthewriterfindthispieceofwriting?

2.Whatisitabout?

Detailedreadingforimportantinformation
(Explanation)
本文為科技類的說明文，信息量很大，時(shí)間跨度很長，但其中內(nèi)容多為客觀事實(shí)，從語言學(xué)習(xí)的角度，只需了解即可。所以閱讀的重點(diǎn)應(yīng)在于如何獲取信息和如何進(jìn)行信息分類等，需要深層次理解的內(nèi)容其實(shí)并不多。但鑒于今后在學(xué)習(xí)和工作中會(huì)遇到大量此類文章，面對(duì)信息量巨大且看似枯燥的這篇文章，如何迅速高效地抓住關(guān)鍵信息？
通過快速瀏覽課文，找出關(guān)鍵字詞，如：development、history、in1925、laterin1928等一系列時(shí)間指示語，從而抓住文章的脈絡(luò)，即時(shí)間線索，再依次找到有關(guān)其發(fā)展歷史的關(guān)鍵信息。
1.ReadingthedevelopmentofTV
Whatdoyouthinkisthebestwaytogetthemostimportantinformationinsuchalongpassage?________________________________
Fillintheeventhappeninginaparticularyear.
1925WirelessTVtransmissions,USA1923-1927______________________
1928___________________________1928-1929______________________
1929___________________________1948___________________________
1951___________________________1962___________________________
1989___________________________1996___________________________
2.Readingthehistoryofaudiodevices
1877Thefirstrecordingofahumanvoice1931_____________________________
1948_____________________________1954_____________________________
1958_____________________________1979_____________________________
1982_____________________________1986_____________________________
1987_____________________________1992_____________________________
3.Trueorfalseexercises(Page4PartC1)
4.Detailedquestions
1.WhyisitstilluncertainwhoinventedTV?

2.WhyaredigitalTVsuperiortosatelliteTV?

3.WhatadvantagehasthenewconceptofWebTVbroughttopeoplesinceitwasintroducedin1996?

4.Whatwerethemajordisadvantagesofthefirstrecordplayer?

5.WhatdidthepopularityofMP3resultin?

5.Readthetextagainandchoosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext:
1)Whenandwherewasthefirstlong-distanceTVbroadcastmade?
A.In1925intheUSA.B.In1926intheUK.C.In1928intheUK.D.In1928inboththeUSAandtheUK.
2)WhomightbetheinventorofthefirstTV?
A.VladimirZworykinfromRussia.B.PhiloFarnsworthintheUSA.
C.JohnLogieBairdfromScotland.D.Itremainsuncertain.
3)HowmanycountrieshaveputdigitalTVintooperationaccordingtothepassage?
A.Onlyone.B.Alreadytwo.C.Atmostthree.D.Atleastfour.
4)WhomighthaveattributedtothedevelopmentoftheWalkman?
A.TwoJapaneseengineers.B.ThreeAmericanscientists.
C.ThomasEdison.D.EmileBerliner.
5)WhatisthemainfactorthatcausesthespringupofmusicwebsitesallovertheInternet?
A.ThepopularityofWalkman.B.ThedevelopmentoftheMDplayer.
C.ThedevelopmentofMPstechnology.D.ThewideuseofDiscman.
6)Fromthepassageweknowthat______.
A.satelliteTVdeliverscleanerpicturesthandigitalTV.
B.55%ofhouseholdsinChinawerereceivingdigitalTVsignalsby2004.
C.WebTVistheTVsetcombinedwiththeWorldWideWeb.
D.morecolorthanblack-and-whiteTVsetswerebeingusedbefore1967
6.Fillintheblankswithwordsgiveninthebox.(Page5PartE)
Step3Readingstrategy:understandingsubtitles
Subtitlesappearaftertitlesandgiveyoumoreinformationaboutthetextthanthetitles.
Subtitlescanshowhowatextisorganized.Readthetextagainandfigureouthowthistextisorganized.Completethefollowingchart.
TV
(Inorderoftime){
Audiodevices
(Bytypesofequipment){

Step4掌握分析下列句子并譯成漢語。

1.(Line3)Regularpublicbroadcastingfollowedshortlyafter,firstbeginningon11May1928inNewYork.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2.(Line17)SatelliteswereusedtobroadcastTVbeginningin1962.

__________________________________________________________________
3.(Line36)1931wastheyearwhenaGermancompanybegantomakethefirsttaperecorders,whichcouldrecordandplaysoundsonatapewoundaroundaroundobject.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.(Line50)ThisislikeaminiCDplayerbutcanalsorecordmusicandisveryeasytocarry,beingverysmall,asthename“mini”indicates.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Step5隨堂檢測：

TVandaudiodevices:areview

TV

Earlyhistory*Threemen,VladimirZworykin,PhiloFarnsworthandJohnLogieBaird,wereconsideredtohavemadethegreatest1._______tothedevelopmentofTV.
*ThefirstpublicTVbroadcastwasmadein2._______intheUSA.
*Colorbroadcastsbeganin1951,over3._______yearsaftercolorTVwasfirstshownin1929.

Modernage
*CableTVbeganintheUSAin1948.
*4.________satellitestobroadcastTVbeganin1962.
*5.________standardsfordigitalTVweresetin1989andconsumersintheUSAhadaccessto200channelsin1994.
*WebTVset-topboxesfirstcameontothemarketin1996,which6.________theTVsetwiththeInternet.

Audiodevices
Earlyhistory*ThomasEdison7.________ahumanvoicein1877forthefirsttime
*EmileBerlinerinventedthefirstrecordplayerin1887.
*ThefirstLPsweremade8._____in1958.
Taperecordersandplayers*Thefirsttaperecorders,whichcouldrecordandplaysoundsonatape,weremadein9._______in1931.
*ThetransistorwasinventedbythreeAmericansin1948.TwoyoungJapaneseengineersboughtthe10.________andcreatedthetransistorradio.
*11._______sawthebirthofcassetterecorders.
*TheWalkmanwasintroducedin1979.
12.______technology*ThefirstCDscameontothemarketin1982.ThenextnewdevelopmentwastheMDplayer.
*MP3technologywasfirst13.________byGermansin1987.ThankstothepopularityofMP3players,alotofmusicwebsitesofferingsMP3music14.________allovertheInternet
Step6課后學(xué)習(xí)：
1.復(fù)習(xí)鞏固本課時(shí)講義重要內(nèi)容,熟讀課文。
2.劃出課文中短語。
學(xué)習(xí)感悟：
1.我學(xué)會(huì)了：________________________________________________________________
2.我的困惑是(還有哪些不理解的地方)：_________________________________________

M7Unit1Livingwithtechnology
Welcometotheunitandreading
Keys:
Fastreading
1.Onthedisplayboardsatamediaandtechnologyexhibition.
2.ThedevelopmentofTVandradiodevices.

Step1ReadingthedevelopmentofTV
Followthechronologicalorder(inorderoftime)
1925WirelessTVtransmissions
1923-1927EarlyformsofTVinvented
1928firstlong-distanceTVbroadcast
1928-1929Regularpublicbroadcasting
1929ColorTVshown
1948CableTV
1951Colorbroadcasts
1962SatelliteTV
1989InternationalstandardsfordigitalTV
1996WebTVset-upboxes
Step2Readingthehistoryofaudiodevices

1877Thefirstrecordingofahumanvoice
1931Thefirsttaperecorders
1948Transistorinvented
1954Cassetterecordersdeveloped
1958ThefirstLPs(long-playrecords)
1979TheWalkmanintroduced
1982ThefirstCDsproduced
1986WalkmanwasaddedtotheOxfordEnglishdictionary
1987DevelopmentofMP3technologystartedinGermany
1992TheMDplayerwasdeveloped
Step3Detailedquestions
1.BecausemanypeoplecontributedtothedevelopmentofTV
2.BecausedigitalTVallowsthesameservicestobedeliveredwithclearerpicturesthanbefore.
3.WebTVset-topboxescombinestheTVsetwiththeWorldWideWeb.WithinteractiveTVprogramming,youcanplayalongwithgameshows,respondtoquestionnairesandchattootherviewers.
4.Thefirstrecordplayerhadtobewoundupbyhandandonlyplayedarecordfortwominutes.
5.MajorcorporationsaretakingovertheportablemusicplayermarketwithMP3players.

Step4Trueorfalseexercises
True:1267False:345
Step5Readthetextagainandchoosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext:
DDBACC
Readingstrategy:understandingsubtitles
TVEarlyhistoryofTV
(Inorderoftime){Themodernage:cableTV,satelliteTV,digitalTV
Audiodevices
Earlyhistoryofaudiodevices
(Bytypesofequipment){Taperecordersandplayers
Soundgoesdigital
Fillintheblankswithwordsgiveninthebox.

1.wireless2.broadcasting3.Britain4.65

5.2006.households7.households8.recorders9.compact10.Germany

隨堂檢測：
1.contributions2.19253.204.Using5.International6.combines7.recorded8.available
9.Germany10.patent

Livingwithtechnology教案

M7Unit1Reading:Livingwithtechnology
（thefirstclass）

Enablethestudentstograspkeywords,phrasesandsentencesbothorallyandinwrittenform
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：
1.Tolearntheusageofimportantwordsandphrases
2.Practicethenewwordsandphrasesbyexercises
3.reviewandpracticetypicalsentencesandgrammar
學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)：
1.it的用法
2.apply的具體用法

寫出下列單詞的漢語意思。
1.superior_________2.consumer_______3.signal________4.patent_______
5.apply______6.portable______7.compact______8.demand_____
9.corporation_____10.questionnaire_____11.electric______12.launch_____
朗讀和翻譯下列句型，并找出自己認(rèn)為重要的其它句型。
1．SomeconsiderdigitalTVtobesuperiortosatelliteTVbecauseitallowsthesameservicestobedeliveredwithclearerpicturesthanbefore.

2.Itallbeganin1877whenThomasEdisonmadethefirstrecordingofahumanvoice.

3.Theyboughtthepatentandappliedthetechnologytocreatethetransistorradio.

4.Inthefollowingyears,moreCDrecordingsbecameavailable,andin1988,forthefirsttimeever,peopleweredemandingmoreCDsthanLPs.

5.DevelopmentofMP3technologystartedin1987inGermanyandsincethebeginningof1999,thepopularityofMP3hasincreasedtosuchadegreethatmajorcorporationsaretakingovertheportablemusicplayermarketwithMP3players.

請(qǐng)羅列課文中讓你費(fèi)解的單詞、短語和句型。
Words______________________________________________________________________
Phrases____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Sentences__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

1．Becauseofthis,itisstilluncertainwhoinventedTV.
Ittookmorethantwodecades,though,until1951,forcolourbroadcaststobeginintheUSA.
拓展：
常見的以it做形式主語：
1It+be+adj.+that主語從句
Itisimportant/necessary/strangethat…
2It+be+n.+主語從句
Itisagoodideathatweaskhimtocomehere.
3It+be+v-ed（said/believed/hoped/supposed/reported/thought）+主語從句
=sb/sthbe+v-edtodo
Itissaidthattheyareverygood.=Theyaresaidtobeverygood.
Itislikely/certainthathewillbelate.=Heislikely/certaintobelate.
4It+Vi（happen/occur/seem）+that主語從句
Ithappenedthatshewasn’tinthatday.Itseemsthatyou’reright.
[即學(xué)活練1]
TheForeignMinistersaid,‘___ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.’
A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis

2.Theyboughtthepatentandappliedthetechnologytocreatethetransistorradio.
applyvi.申請(qǐng)，適用于；vt.應(yīng)用，使用，實(shí)施
拓展：apply（to…）for向…申請(qǐng)
applyto適用于
apply…to…把…運(yùn)用于…
applyoneselfto…專心從事，埋頭于
[即學(xué)活練2]
1.他向?qū)W校申請(qǐng)休學(xué)._______________________________________________________
2.這條規(guī)則并不是在每種情況下都能適用._______________________________________

1.Words________________________________________________________________
2.Phrases________________________________________________________________
3.Sentences____________________________________________________________
4.Grammar_______________________________________________________________

完成下列句子.
1.碰巧那天她不在這里.
______________________________________________________
2.據(jù)報(bào)道，1988年，人們對(duì)CD唱片的需求量首次超過了LP唱片.
___________________________________________________________________________
3.她集中精力解決這一難題.
_________________________________________
4.這些規(guī)定只適用于小孩.
_________________________________________
5.校規(guī)適用于我們所有的人.
_________________________________________
單項(xiàng)選擇：
1.Ourclubisopentoadultsonly.____yourchildrenhaveenteredwithoutpermission.
A.ThereseemsthatB.Itseemstobe
C.ThereseemstobeD.Itseemsthat
2.______seemedtobenoonebutmeintheroomwhenthefirebrokeout.
A.ThereB.ItC.WhatD.That
3.Hecannot____Shakespeareasawriteroftragedies.
A.compareB.equalC.matchwithD.agree
4.PremierWenJiabaovisitedtheRedSquare____byRussianPresidentPutin.
A.accompanyingB.accompaniedC.attendingD.attended
5.Theirdemandisthattheirwages____increasedby20%.
A.beB.shouldC.willbeD.mustbe
6.Hislongservicewithcompanywas_____withapresent.
A.admittedB.acknowledgedC.attributedD.accepted
7.Booksarethemostimportantrecords____wekeep____man’sthoughts,ideasanddefeats.
A./;ofB.which;onC.that;awayD.in;touchwith
8.Irealizedstrengthandcouragearen’talways____inmedalsandvictories,butinthestrugglesweovercome.
A.measuredB.praisedC.testedD.increased
9.WhatdothefiveOlympicrings_____?
A.standbyB.standupC.standforD.standoff
10.–CanIspeaktoMr.Wang,please?
-_________.
A.Whoareyou?B.I’mWang.
C.SpeakingD.AreyouJohn?

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M7Unit1Reading:Languagepoints
（thesecondclass）

學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：
1.Reviewtheusageofimportantwordsandphrases
2.Practicethenewwordsandphrasesbyexercises
學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)：
1.with的用法
2.demand的具體用法

1.復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)句子

2.復(fù)習(xí)it的用法

1.WithinteractiveTVprogramming,youcanplayalongwithgameshows,respondtoquestionnairesandchattootherviewers.
with+賓語+adj./adv./prep-phrasetodo/doing/done
[即學(xué)活練1]
Withschool__________,weallwenthome.（放學(xué)了）
Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,withabook_______________.（手里拿著書）
Withthekey_________（lose），hehadtowaitoutsidethedoor.
Withsomanyfriends____________（support）us,wearesuretomakeitaheadoftime.

2.Inthefollowingyears,moreCDrecordingsbecameavailable,andin1988,forthefirsttimeever,peopleweredemandingmoreCDsthanLPs.
demandvi.詢問；vt.要求，需要；n.要求，需要，所要求的事物
拓展：demandsth（一般來說當(dāng)人做主語，表示主觀要求；物做主語表客觀需要）
demandsthfrom/ofsb向某人要求某物
demandtodo
demandthatsb（should）do
我要求你立即答復(fù).______________________________________________________________
這個(gè)女孩要求允許她看望病房里的媽媽.____________________________________________
經(jīng)理要求工人加班，以提前完成任務(wù)._______________________________________________
回顧：除demand外，還有那些詞后接從句用（should）do形式
_______________________________________________________________________________
[即學(xué)活練2]
Theheadmaster____alltheteachersnotsmokeintheoffice.
A.toldB.announcedC.calledD.demanded

1.Words________________________________________________________________
2.Phrases________________________________________________________________
3.Sentences_____________________________________________________________
4.Grammar______________________________________________________________

一：根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。
1．Inmyopinion,trousersmadebyhand___________________________thosemadebymachines.在我看來，手工制作的褲子要比機(jī)器加工的好.
2．Yesterday,we___________________________________givenbythreeexperiencedteachers.昨天，我們對(duì)三位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的教師的講課進(jìn)行了錄制.
3．_________________________________________________________hotinAugustthere.八月份那里的天氣很可能會(huì)熱.
4．Thiskindofpaintcan__________________________allkindsofweather.
這種油漆能經(jīng)受各種天氣的考驗(yàn).
5．Onthewhole,womenarenot_________________meninphysicalstrength.
總體來說，女性的體力不及男性.
二.根據(jù)句子意思以及所給中文或首字母提示，寫出單詞的正確形式。
1.Johnhasdecidedtoa____________meonmytriptoIndia.
2.Thismedicinecang_______________youagoodsleep.
3.Thestreamw______________itswayacrossthefield.
4.Thematchwillshowwhoisthes____________player.
5.Thereareav____________ofgoodstochoosefrominthesupermarket.
6.Theconcertwillbe________________（廣播）livetomorrowevening.
7.Allletterswillbeanswered__________________（親自）.
8.Areyou________________（熟悉）withthecomputersoftwaretheyuse?
9.Heiswidely_________________（認(rèn)可）asthebestplayerintheworld.
10.Biggestdoesn’t________________（必定）meanbest.

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高三英語《Livingwithtechnology》教案牛津版

一名優(yōu)秀的教師在每次教學(xué)前有自己的事先計(jì)劃，高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是老師職責(zé)的一部分。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好的吸收課堂上所講的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，幫助授課經(jīng)驗(yàn)少的高中教師教學(xué)。高中教案的內(nèi)容具體要怎樣寫呢？為了讓您在使用時(shí)更加簡單方便，下面是小編整理的“高三英語《Livingwithtechnology》教案牛津版”，歡迎您參考，希望對(duì)您有所助益！

高三英語《Livingwithtechnology》教案牛津版

Livingwithtechnology
新課標(biāo)單詞
reviewn.回顧，綜述wirelessadj.無線的uncertainadj.不確定的
long-distanceadj.長途的，遠(yuǎn)距離的broadcastn.播送，廣播
broadcastingn.播送，廣播altogetheradv.總共，一共；完全，全部
agen.時(shí)superioradj.優(yōu)越的，占優(yōu)勢的consumern.消費(fèi)者
signaln.信號(hào)；暗號(hào)questionnairen.問卷，調(diào)查表playvt.播放
recordingn.錄音，錄音制品windvt.上發(fā)條；纏，繞
recordn.唱片electricadj.電的patentn.專利
applyvt.vi.應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用；申請(qǐng)portableadj.便攜的，手提的
pocket-sizedadj.口袋大小的，袖珍的demandvt.,vi.n.需要
degreen.程度；度，度數(shù)；學(xué)位varietyn.多樣，種
springvi.跳躍；彈起personallyadv.從個(gè)人角度，主觀地；親自
delightn.喜悅，快樂，高興vt.vi.（使）高興，（使）欣喜
evolutionn.演變，演化，進(jìn)化birthplacen.出生地，誕生地
assumevt.假設(shè)，設(shè)想，以為conveniencen.方便，便利
merelyadv.僅僅，只有accompanyvt.陪伴，陪同
ownershipn.所有權(quán)，物主身份anyhowadv.無論如何，不管怎樣
selectionn.可選之物；所選之物；選擇，挑選budgetn.預(yù)算
familiaradj.熟悉的all-roundadj.功能齊全的；全方位的，全面的
weighvi.重量為……vt.稱……的重量，稱cautionn.謹(jǐn)慎，小心
measurevt.vi.測量，度量shapevt.使成形；塑造，制造
elegantlyadv.優(yōu)雅高雅地，優(yōu)美地suitableadj.合適的，適合的
scanvt.掃描；細(xì)看，審視；瀏覽casen.套子；盒子，匣子
elegantadj.優(yōu)雅高雅的，優(yōu)美的necessarilyadv.必然，必須
guaranteen.保證；商品使用保證advancementn.促進(jìn)，增進(jìn)；進(jìn)步；
exposevt.使暴露顯露；使暴光；使處于…作用影響之下，使遭受
equaladj.相等的；平等的actualadj.真實(shí)的，實(shí)際的
linkn.聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)validadj.有理的，有效的，令人信服的
theoryn.理論，原理，學(xué)說；意見，看法，推測，假說
profitn.利潤，利益，贏利unwillingadj.不愿意的，不情愿的
thusadv.因此，因而acknowledgevt.承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可
faithn.相信，信任；信仰，信念honestadj.誠實(shí)的，真誠的
conferencen.會(huì)議，研討會(huì)worryingadj.令人擔(dān)憂的
課文出現(xiàn)短語
1.keepintouchwith
2.shortlyafter
3.contributeto
4.consider…tobe
5.besuperiorto
6.haveaccessto
7.comeontothemarket
8.combine…with
9.respondto
10.add…to
11.forthefirsttime(ever)
12.springup
13.windup
14.moveonto
15.It’suptoyoutodo
16.upto(threeminutes)
17.lookinto
18.headfor
19.standfor
20.intimefor
21.avarietyof
22.bymeansof
23.byaccident
24.bymistake
25.uptodate
26.capableof
27.inparticular
28.aboveall
29.providesbwithsth.
30.bebasedon
31.concentrateon
32.notnecessarily
33.beexposedto
34.theamountof
35.beequalto
36.partof
37.previousto
38.pointout
39.beunwillingtodosth
40.beassociatedwith
41.havefaithin
42.forthetimebeing
43.beconfidentof
44.inthatcase
一．單詞應(yīng)用
根據(jù)單詞的首字母或漢語意思填寫正確單詞，注意形式變化。
1.Thismodelisthenewestandmostuptodate.Itonlyw________60grams.
2.Thatkindofelectronicdictionariesiselegantlyshaped,especiallys_____forpeoplewithareadingdisability.
3.Thelatestmodelsofmobilephonesareonsale.Wouldyouliketoa_____metohavealook?
4.A_________,Iappreciateforyourinvitation.ButI’mtoobusytogoforit.
5.Ourelectricalbikeshavegoodqualityandaone-yearg__________.
6.Whocanstillhavef_________inyoudespiteyourshortcomings?
7.Thisisabigschoolcontainingabout2,000studentsa_________

高三英語《Livingwithtechnology》學(xué)案牛津版

高三英語《Livingwithtechnology》學(xué)案牛津版

Livingwithtechnology
新課標(biāo)單詞
reviewn.回顧，綜述wirelessadj.無線的uncertainadj.不確定的
long-distanceadj.長途的，遠(yuǎn)距離的broadcastn.播送，廣播
broadcastingn.播送，廣播altogetheradv.總共，一共；完全，全部
agen.時(shí)superioradj.優(yōu)越的，占優(yōu)勢的consumern.消費(fèi)者
signaln.信號(hào)；暗號(hào)questionnairen.問卷，調(diào)查表playvt.播放
recordingn.錄音，錄音制品windvt.上發(fā)條；纏，繞
recordn.唱片electricadj.電的patentn.專利
applyvt.vi.應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用；申請(qǐng)portableadj.便攜的，手提的
pocket-sizedadj.口袋大小的，袖珍的demandvt.,vi.n.需要
degreen.程度；度，度數(shù)；學(xué)位varietyn.多樣，種
springvi.跳躍；彈起personallyadv.從個(gè)人角度，主觀地；親自
delightn.喜悅，快樂，高興vt.vi.（使）高興，（使）欣喜
evolutionn.演變，演化，進(jìn)化birthplacen.出生地，誕生地
assumevt.假設(shè)，設(shè)想，以為conveniencen.方便，便利
merelyadv.僅僅，只有accompanyvt.陪伴，陪同
ownershipn.所有權(quán)，物主身份anyhowadv.無論如何，不管怎樣
selectionn.可選之物；所選之物；選擇，挑選budgetn.預(yù)算
familiaradj.熟悉的all-roundadj.功能齊全的；全方位的，全面的
weighvi.重量為……vt.稱……的重量，稱cautionn.謹(jǐn)慎，小心
measurevt.vi.測量，度量shapevt.使成形；塑造，制造
elegantlyadv.優(yōu)雅高雅地，優(yōu)美地suitableadj.合適的，適合的
scanvt.掃描；細(xì)看，審視；瀏覽casen.套子；盒子，匣子
elegantadj.優(yōu)雅高雅的，優(yōu)美的necessarilyadv.必然，必須
guaranteen.保證；商品使用保證advancementn.促進(jìn)，增進(jìn)；進(jìn)步；
exposevt.使暴露顯露；使暴光；使處于…作用影響之下，使遭受
equaladj.相等的；平等的actualadj.真實(shí)的，實(shí)際的
linkn.聯(lián)系，關(guān)聯(lián)validadj.有理的，有效的，令人信服的
theoryn.理論，原理，學(xué)說；意見，看法，推測，假說
profitn.利潤，利益，贏利unwillingadj.不愿意的，不情愿的
thusadv.因此，因而acknowledgevt.承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可
faithn.相信，信任；信仰，信念honestadj.誠實(shí)的，真誠的
conferencen.會(huì)議，研討會(huì)worryingadj.令人擔(dān)憂的
課文出現(xiàn)短語
1.keepintouchwith
2.shortlyafter
3.contributeto
4.consider…tobe
5.besuperiorto
6.haveaccessto
7.comeontothemarket
8.combine…with
9.respondto
10.add…to
11.forthefirsttime(ever)
12.springup
13.windup
14.moveonto
15.It’suptoyoutodo
16.upto(threeminutes)
17.lookinto
18.headfor
19.standfor
20.intimefor
21.avarietyof
22.bymeansof
23.byaccident
24.bymistake
25.uptodate
26.capableof
27.inparticular
28.aboveall
29.providesbwithsth.
30.bebasedon
31.concentrateon
32.notnecessarily
33.beexposedto
34.theamountof
35.beequalto
36.partof
37.previousto
38.pointout
39.beunwillingtodosth
40.beassociatedwith
41.havefaithin
42.forthetimebeing
43.beconfidentof
44.inthatcase
一．單詞應(yīng)用
根據(jù)單詞的首字母或漢語意思填寫正確單詞，注意形式變化。
1.Thismodelisthenewestandmostuptodate.Itonlyw________60grams.
2.Thatkindofelectronicdictionariesiselegantlyshaped,especiallys_____forpeoplewithareadingdisability.
3.Thelatestmodelsofmobilephonesareonsale.Wouldyouliketoa_____metohavealook?
4.A_________,Iappreciateforyourinvitation.ButI’mtoobusytogoforit.
5.Ourelectricalbikeshavegoodqualityandaone-yearg__________.
6.Whocanstillhavef_________inyoudespiteyourshortcomings?
7.Thisisabigschoolcontainingabout2,000studentsa_________