新概念、新題型、新試題、新信息。
一位優(yōu)秀的教師不打無(wú)準(zhǔn)備之仗，會(huì)提前做好準(zhǔn)備，高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案為之后的教學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備。教案可以讓學(xué)生們充分體會(huì)到學(xué)習(xí)的快樂(lè)，幫助高中教師更好的完成實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)。你知道如何去寫(xiě)好一份優(yōu)秀的高中教案呢？小編特地為大家精心收集和整理了“新概念、新題型、新試題、新信息”，供大家借鑒和使用，希望大家分享！
新課標(biāo)的考試大綱中，對(duì)能力要求有新的提法，"對(duì)新穎的信息、情境和設(shè)問(wèn)，選擇有效的方法和手段收集信息，綜合與靈活應(yīng)用所學(xué)知識(shí)、思想和方法，進(jìn)行獨(dú)立的思考、探究和研究，提出解決問(wèn)題的思路，創(chuàng)造性地解決問(wèn)題"。人教大綱版高考數(shù)學(xué)考試大綱也對(duì)試題的命制明確指出：試題注意"立意鮮明、背景新穎，設(shè)問(wèn)靈活，層次清晰，新題不難，難題不怪"，在試卷中創(chuàng)設(shè)比較新穎的問(wèn)題和情境，注重問(wèn)題的多樣化。綜觀近幾年高考試題在能力立意的基礎(chǔ)上大膽地進(jìn)行了改革創(chuàng)新，出現(xiàn)了一些內(nèi)容立意新、情境設(shè)置新，設(shè)問(wèn)方式新、題型結(jié)構(gòu)新和構(gòu)思精巧的創(chuàng)新題。這類題目突出考查學(xué)生的探究能力，創(chuàng)新意識(shí)，充分體現(xiàn)了高考支持課改并服務(wù)于課改的指導(dǎo)思想，所以備受命題專家的青瞇，因此，加強(qiáng)對(duì)情境創(chuàng)新題的題型研究和學(xué)習(xí)就顯得十分必要，本文參考近幾年全國(guó)各地高考試題為題源進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新改編，以期對(duì)讀者的2009年高考數(shù)學(xué)能力備考有所幫助。
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精選閱讀
立體幾何新題型的解題技巧
【命題趨向】
在高考中立體幾何命題有如下特點(diǎn):
1.線面位置關(guān)系突出平行和垂直,將側(cè)重于垂直關(guān)系.
2.多面體中線面關(guān)系論證,空間角與距離的計(jì)算常在解答題中綜合出現(xiàn).
3.多面體及簡(jiǎn)單多面體的概念、性質(zhì)多在選擇題,填空題出現(xiàn).
4.有關(guān)三棱柱、四棱柱、三棱錐的問(wèn)題,特別是與球有關(guān)的問(wèn)題將是高考命題的熱點(diǎn).
此類題目分值一般在17---22分之間,題型一般為1個(gè)選擇題,1個(gè)填空題,1個(gè)解答題.
【考點(diǎn)透視】
(A)版.掌握兩條直線所成的角和距離的概念,對(duì)于異面直線的距離,只要求會(huì)計(jì)算已給出公垂線時(shí)的距離.掌握斜線在平面上的射影、直線和平面所成的角、直線和平面的距離的概念.掌握二面角、二面角的平面角、兩個(gè)平行平面間的距離的概念.
(B)版.
①理解空間向量的概念,掌握空間向量的加法、減法和數(shù)乘.
②了解空間向量的基本定理,理解空間向量坐標(biāo)的概念,掌握空間向量的坐標(biāo)運(yùn)算.
③掌握空間向量的數(shù)量積的定義及其性質(zhì),掌握用直角坐標(biāo)計(jì)算空間向量數(shù)量積公式.
④理解直線的方向向量、平面的法向量,向量在平面內(nèi)的射影等概念.
⑤了解多面體、凸多面體、正多面體、棱柱、棱錐、球的概念.
⑥掌握棱柱、棱錐、球的性質(zhì),掌握球的表面積、體積公式.
⑦會(huì)畫(huà)直棱柱、正棱錐的直觀圖.
空間距離和角是高考考查的重點(diǎn):特別是以兩點(diǎn)間距離,點(diǎn)到平面的距離,兩異面直線的距離,直線與平面的距離以及兩異面直線所成的角,直線與平面所成的角,二面角等作為命題的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,高考試題中常將上述內(nèi)容綜合在一起放在解答題中進(jìn)行考查,分為多個(gè)小問(wèn)題,也可能作為客觀題進(jìn)行單獨(dú)考查.考查空間距離和角的試題一般作為整套試卷的中檔題,但也可能在最后一問(wèn)中設(shè)置有難度的問(wèn)題.
不論是求空間距離還是空間角,都要按照一作,二證,三算的步驟來(lái)完成,即寓證明于運(yùn)算之中,正是本專題的一大特色.
求解空間距離和角的方法有兩種:一是利用傳統(tǒng)的幾何方法,二是利用空間向量。
【例題解析】
考點(diǎn)1點(diǎn)到平面的距離
求點(diǎn)到平面的距離就是求點(diǎn)到平面的垂線段的長(zhǎng)度,其關(guān)鍵在于確定點(diǎn)在平面內(nèi)的垂足,當(dāng)然別忘了轉(zhuǎn)化法與等體積法的應(yīng)用.
典型例題
例1(2007年福建卷理)如圖,正三棱柱的所有棱長(zhǎng)都為,為中點(diǎn).
(Ⅰ)求證:平面;
(Ⅱ)求二面角的大小;
(Ⅲ)求點(diǎn)到平面的距離.
考查目的:本小題主要考查直線與平面的位置關(guān)系,二面角的
大小,點(diǎn)到平面的距離等知識(shí),考查空間想象能力、邏輯思維
能力和運(yùn)算能力.
解答過(guò)程:解法一:(Ⅰ)取中點(diǎn),連結(jié).
為正三角形,.
正三棱柱中,平面平面,
平面.
連結(jié),在正方形中,分別為
的中點(diǎn),,.
在正方形中,,平面.
(Ⅱ)設(shè)與交于點(diǎn),在平面中,作于,連結(jié),由(Ⅰ)得平面.
,為二面角的平面角.
在中,由等面積法可求得,
又,.
所以二面角的大小為.
(Ⅲ)中,,.
在正三棱柱中,到平面的距離為.
設(shè)點(diǎn)到平面的距離為.
由,得,
.
點(diǎn)到平面的距離為.
解法二:(Ⅰ)取中點(diǎn),連結(jié).
為正三角形,.
在正三棱柱中,平面平面,
平面.
取中點(diǎn),以為原點(diǎn),,,的方向?yàn)檩S的正方向建立空間直角坐標(biāo)系,則,,,,,
,,.
,,
,.
平面.
(Ⅱ)設(shè)平面的法向量為.
,.,,
令得為平面的一個(gè)法向量.
由(Ⅰ)知平面,
為平面的法向量.
,.
二面角的大小為.
(Ⅲ)由(Ⅱ),為平面法向量,
.
點(diǎn)到平面的距離.
小結(jié):本例中(Ⅲ)采用了兩種方法求點(diǎn)到平面的距離.解法二采用了平面向量的計(jì)算方法,把不易直接求的B點(diǎn)到平面的距離轉(zhuǎn)化為容易求的點(diǎn)K到平面的距離的計(jì)算方法,這是數(shù)學(xué)解題中常用的方法;解法一采用了等體積法,這種方法可以避免復(fù)雜的幾何作圖,顯得更簡(jiǎn)單些,因此可優(yōu)先考慮使用這一種方法.
高考英語(yǔ)7選5補(bǔ)缺題新題型精品教案
古人云，工欲善其事，必先利其器。教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案為之后的教學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好的消化課堂內(nèi)容，有效的提高課堂的教學(xué)效率。那么，你知道教案要怎么寫(xiě)呢？下面是小編幫大家編輯的《高考英語(yǔ)7選5補(bǔ)缺題新題型精品教案》，相信能對(duì)大家有所幫助。
高考英語(yǔ)7選5補(bǔ)缺題新題型精品教案
閱讀填空題詳解分析
分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，把握全篇文脈是閱讀填空題解題的關(guān)鍵，英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)篇（discourse）通常是由句子和語(yǔ)段（sentencegroup）構(gòu)成的，語(yǔ)段是句子和語(yǔ)篇之間的中間層次，句子雖然能夠單獨(dú)地表達(dá)相對(duì)完整的思想，但是它不能表達(dá)多方面的、比較復(fù)雜的思想，只有把幾個(gè)句子結(jié)合為較大的言語(yǔ)片段，才能表達(dá)一個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立的層意，所謂的“積句而成章，積章而成篇?！本褪沁@個(gè)道理。分析文章的層次包含兩種形式：一種是分析整篇文章的層次，也就是段落，另一種是分析每一個(gè)段落內(nèi)部的層次，也就是語(yǔ)篇層次。語(yǔ)篇與段落是有區(qū)別的，語(yǔ)段是篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的中間層次，是由句子到篇的一種過(guò)渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些語(yǔ)體（如記敘文、議論文）中比語(yǔ)段更大的意義單位，較小的段落可以只包括一個(gè)語(yǔ)段或一個(gè)句子，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，一個(gè)段落通常由幾個(gè)語(yǔ)段構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的方式有兩種，一是靠句際間意義的結(jié)合，二是靠句際間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，邏輯性插入語(yǔ)來(lái)連接，我們?cè)诜治稣Z(yǔ)段層次時(shí)，可以借助句際間的連接詞語(yǔ)作出判斷，但最主要的還是要真正體會(huì)句際間的意義關(guān)系，把握作者的思路，從語(yǔ)序上去發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點(diǎn)，理清層次，好文章的層次非常清晰，只要層層入手，才能真正理解文章。
第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2分,滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有
兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecome
abatterstudentinseveralways71Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.
Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhile
readingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.72Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.73
Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.
●Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.
●Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsand
supportingfacts.
●Writeyournotesinyourownwords.
●74
●Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.
Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速記).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethem
allthetime.75
A.Usewords,notcompletesentences.
B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.
C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.
D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.
E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.
F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyour
notes.
G.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasier
foryoutounderstandandrememberit.
71.G72.E73.F74.A75.D
這篇文章整體分為四個(gè)段落層次，每個(gè)段落均由幾個(gè)語(yǔ)段構(gòu)成相對(duì)獨(dú)立地語(yǔ)義單位，各段都圍繞“Takinggoodnotes”這樣一個(gè)中心話題，形成了文章的線性結(jié)構(gòu)；第一段講述的是做筆記是好學(xué)生在多方面的一項(xiàng)省時(shí)技巧，第二段講述的是不管何時(shí)、用何種方法做筆記，都要有選擇性的做記錄，第三段講述的是做筆記的最佳方法，第四段講述的是要記住自己的速記符號(hào)，這就形成了文章的層次結(jié)構(gòu)，這對(duì)下一步的做題有了明確的整體方向。
閱讀填空題的解題策略：
1.理清句際間意義的關(guān)系
文章的內(nèi)容是根據(jù)各層各段的大意有機(jī)地組合而成，各個(gè)層次，各個(gè)段落之間不管怎樣錯(cuò)落有致，但它所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容都是要圍繞中心的，各句之間都有一定的語(yǔ)脈，從邏輯意義上來(lái)看，語(yǔ)段的句際關(guān)系可分為平列、順序、層遞、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果等關(guān)系（章振邦，1985）。構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的各個(gè)句子之間有時(shí)可以包含一種以上的句際關(guān)系。因此，理解閱讀材料時(shí)一定要把握語(yǔ)脈，理清句際間的關(guān)系，進(jìn)而理解語(yǔ)段或全文的內(nèi)容。如2008年高考英語(yǔ)（寧夏卷）閱讀理解新題型中，第一段的第一句“Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabatterstudentinseveralways”與下面幾句是解釋關(guān)系，解釋關(guān)系是指后面的句子對(duì)前面的句子作解釋、引申、例證，使意思更加明了、具體。后三句之間是平列關(guān)系，平列關(guān)系指句與句之間處于平等并列的地位，互不相屬，而只是組合在一起共同說(shuō)明一個(gè)問(wèn)題。平列關(guān)系組合的語(yǔ)段，在次序上并不固定，如果局部改變句子的相互位置并不改變整個(gè)語(yǔ)段的意思。第二段的第一句與第二句是層遞關(guān)系，層遞關(guān)系是一種固定的順序關(guān)系，但又不同與順序關(guān)系，順序關(guān)系指構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的各句子只能按事物發(fā)展的過(guò)程由先而后地順序排列，不可隨意改變次序，通常在記敘文或描述固定的操作程序的說(shuō)明文中用得普遍，而層遞關(guān)系組合的語(yǔ)段是按語(yǔ)意的輕重、認(rèn)識(shí)的深淺作由輕到重、由淺入深的排列。第三句與第四句是解釋關(guān)系，第一、二句組合為一個(gè)語(yǔ)段，第三、四句組合為另外一個(gè)語(yǔ)段，語(yǔ)段與語(yǔ)段之間是總分關(guān)系，總分關(guān)系是指前面的句子陳述兩個(gè)過(guò)兩個(gè)以上的對(duì)象，后面的句子緊接著分別對(duì)它們加以說(shuō)明。用這種方式組合的語(yǔ)段能夠前呼后應(yīng)，彼此配合，使語(yǔ)脈清楚，條分縷析，如“Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes”一句與前兩句前呼后應(yīng)，彼此配合，為前句選“E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.”埋伏了一筆，邏輯性很強(qiáng)。第三段的第一句與下面幾句是解釋關(guān)系，而后列舉的方法是平列關(guān)系。第四段的最后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系指句與句之間存在意義的轉(zhuǎn)折，通常表達(dá)對(duì)比或?qū)φ盏囊馑肌?/p>
2.找出句子之間的連接性的詞語(yǔ)
文章的語(yǔ)句間的組合，除了從語(yǔ)句間的意義關(guān)系分析外，還可借助句子之間的連接性詞語(yǔ)來(lái)把握，因?yàn)檫B接性詞語(yǔ)能表明這個(gè)語(yǔ)段句與句之間、層與層之間的基本關(guān)系是承接關(guān)系（如so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等）、平列關(guān)系（如first,second,third…;firstly,secondly,thirdly…;first,next,then…;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace…;foronething,foranotherthing…;tobeginwith,toconclude等）、比如文章中的選項(xiàng)71，由Second、Third得知應(yīng)選表示平列關(guān)系的句子G.項(xiàng),轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（如however,nevertheless,nonetheless,still,though,yet,inspiteof,atanyrate,inanycase,whoever,whateveronthecontrary,incontrast,bycontrast,incomparison,bycomparison,conversely,otherwise等）、如選項(xiàng)75與前句構(gòu)成了轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故應(yīng)選D.項(xiàng)答案,層遞關(guān)系（如also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what’smore,too,either,neither,not…but…,notonly…butalso等），如72選項(xiàng)與前句組合為層遞關(guān)系,故應(yīng)選包含also的E.項(xiàng)句子,或者是解釋關(guān)系,如73選項(xiàng)應(yīng)選F.選項(xiàng),與74選項(xiàng)平等的，是一組祈示句,而非陳述句,故應(yīng)選A.項(xiàng)而非B項(xiàng)。總之，對(duì)一個(gè)語(yǔ)段或語(yǔ)篇的分析，可以按以下步驟進(jìn)行：
（1）通讀整篇文章，把握整段語(yǔ)脈，理出文章的中心。
（2）根據(jù)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)確定有幾個(gè)句子。
（3）除中心詞、關(guān)鍵詞外，將所有句子按意義分出層次，如果是承接、平列、層進(jìn)關(guān)系，則可分為兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的層次，如果是解釋、轉(zhuǎn)折一般就可以
一分為二。
（4）再分析各層次之間的關(guān)系。
（5）最后檢查核對(duì)層次劃分有無(wú)錯(cuò)誤。如一篇文章或語(yǔ)段有幾個(gè)句子單位，幾個(gè)層次，特別是長(zhǎng)難句構(gòu)成的語(yǔ)段層次是否明確。
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
_71_Oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyouownclub.It’sgreatfunespeciallyifyouarethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtododuringtheschoolholidays.
Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub._72_Pets,clothes,popmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthings?Thelistisendless.
Nextyouneedsomefriendstobeinyourclubwithyou._73_Allyouneedisthreeorfourotherpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamethingasyou.
_74Youshouldallsitdownsomewheretogetherwithlotsofpiecesofpaperandwritedowneverynameyoucanthinkup.That’llkeepyoubusyforages.
Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.Andthefirstruleshouldbenogrown-upsorlittle/bigbrothersorsisters!Thebestclubsarealwayssecret!
Nowyouhavejustabouteverythingyouneed,exceptmembershipcards.Theseareveryimportantandagainyoucanspeedalotoftimemakingthem.75Whynotleavesomespaceforaphotoofyourself?Thatwillmakethemembershipcardreallylooklikeit.
Sothereyouare,getclubbing!Onceyougetstartedyou’llthinkofloadsofmoreinterestingthingstodo!
A.That’seasy.
B.Enjoyyourownclub!
C.Inviteadesignertojoinyou.
D.Whatareyouinterestin?
E.Somevacationisjustaroundthecorner.
F.Thenyouneedtopickanameforyourclub.
G.Useabrightthickpentomakeaspecialdesign.
71.E72.D73.A74.F75.G
(16)Peopleusemoneytobuyfood,furniture,books,bicyclesandhundredsofotherthingstheyneedorwant.Whentheywork,theyusuallygetpaidinmoney.
Mostofthemoneytodayismadeofmetalorpaper.(17)Oneofthefirstkindsofmoneywasshells.
Shellswerenottheonlythingsusedasmoney.InChina,clothandkniveswereused.InthePhilippineIslands,ricewasusedasmoneyforalongtime.Elephanttusks,monkeytailsandsaltwereusedasmoneyinpartsofAfrica.
ThefirstmetalcoinsweremadeinChina.Theywereroundandhadasquareholeinthecentre.(18)
Differentcountrieshaveuseddifferentmetalsanddesignsfortheirmoney.(19)SwedenandRussiausedcopper(銅)tomaketheirmoney.Latersomecountriesbegantomakecoinsofgoldandsilver.
Butevengoldandsilverwereinconvenientifyouhadtobuysomethingexpensive.AgaintheChinesethoughtofawaytoimprovemoney.(20)Thefirstpapermoneylookedmorelikeanotefromonepersontoanotherthanthepapermoneyusedtoday.
Moneyhashadaninterestinghistoryfromthedaysofshellmoneyuntiltoday.
A.ThefirstcoinsinEnglandweremadeoftin(錫).
B.Butpeopleusedtouseallkindsofthingsasmoney.
C.Nooneknowsforcertainwhenpeoplebegantousemoney.
D.Peoplestrung(串連)themtogetherandcarriedthemfromplacetoplace.
E.Money,asweknow,isallmadeofpaper.
F.Theybegantousepapermoney.
G.Todayanyonewillacceptmoneyinexchangeforgoodsandservices.
E篇GBDAF
(16)Whenapersondoesacertainthingagain,heisimpelled(迫使)bysomeunseenforcetodothesamethingrepeatedly;thusahabitisformed.Onceahabitisformed,itisdifficult,andsometimesimpossible,togetridof.(17)Childrenoftenformbadhabits,someofwhichremainwiththemaslongastheylive.Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabitsaslongastheylive.Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabits,andsometimesbecomeruinedbythem.
(18)Manysuccessfulmensaythatmuchoftheirsuccesshassomethingtodowithcertainhabitsinearlylife,suchasearlyrising,honestyandthoroughness.
Amongthehabitswhichchildrenshouldnotformarelaziness,lying,stealingandsoon.(19)Unfortunatelyolderpersonsoftenformhabitswhichoughttohavebeenavoided.
(20)
A.Thereareotherhabitswhich,whenformedinearlylife,areofgreathelp.
B.Whethergoodornothabitare,theyareeasytogetridof.
C.Weoughttokeepfromallthesebadhabits,andtrytoformsuchhabitsaswillprovegoodforourselvesandothers.
D.Habits,whethergoodorbad,aregraduallyformed.
E.Itisveryimportantforustoknowwhyweshouldgetusedtogoodhabbits.
F.Thesearealleasilyformedhabits.
G.Itisthereforeveryimportantthatweshouldpaygreatattentiontotheformationofhabits.
E篇DGAFC
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中的兩項(xiàng)為多途選項(xiàng)。
Areyoutrulyhappy?Doyoueverknowwhatitmeanstobehappyandwhatittakestoachievehappiness?__71___.ThefollowingareafewtipsthatIfollowtocreatehappinessinmylife.
※Makeaplanforattaininggoalsthatyoubelievewillmakeyouhappy.Yourmoodswillverylikelyincreaseifyouaregoingaftersomethingyouvalue.
※Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople.Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway.___72___.
※Whensomethinggoeswrong,trytofigureoutasolutioninsteadofbeingabsorbedinselfpity.Trulyhappypeopledon’tallowsetbackstoaffecttheirmoodbecausetheyknowthatwithalittlethoughttheycanturnthecircumstancesbacktotheirfavor.
※__73_.Thesefewminuteswillgiveyoutheopportunitytofocusonthepositivethingsinyourlifeandwillleadyoutocontinuoushappiness.
※74.Whetheryoutreatyourselftolunch,takealong,relaxingbathorsimplyspendafewextraminutesonyourappearance,youwillbesubconsciously(下意識(shí)地)puttingyourselfinabettermood.
※Findingthehumorinsituationscanalsoleadtohappiness.Findawaytomakelightofasituationthatwouldotherwisemakeyouhappy.
※Keepinghealthyisanotherwaytoachievehappiness.75.
A．Whatmakesonepersonhappymaybeverydifferentfromwhatmakessomeoneelsehappy.
B．Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,theiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious.
C．BeingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmooD．
D．Theseareimportantquestionsforanyonewhoisseekinghappinesstoaskthemselves.
E．Spendafewminuteseachdaythinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy.
F．Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness.
G．It’salsoimportanttotakesometimeeachdaytodosomethingniceforyourself.
閱讀:71-75DBEGC
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
__71___.Beingangrydoesn’treallysolvemuch,butwhatpeopledowhentheyfeelangryisimportant.Thegoalistocalmdownandtrytosolvewhatisbotheringyou.Thisishardforsomekidsandadults,too.Insteadofcalmingdown,somekidsmightkeepgettingmoreandmoreupsetuntiltheyexplodelikeavolcano!
__72___.Theirangermightbesostrongthattheylosecontroloftheirtemper.Theymayactinwaysunacceptableandhurtful.Peoplemaysaythatsomeonehastroublecontrollingtheirtemper.__73___
Somekidsmightgetsoangrythattheyscreamattheirparents,breaksomething,orevenworse,hittheirbrothersorsisters._74____.However,it’snotOKforakidtodoanyofthosethings.Kidsdon’twanttoactinthisway,butsometimesangryfeelingscanbehardtomanage.Sowhattodo?
Well,thegoodnewsisthatkidsdon’tjusthavetokeepmakingthesamemistakesoverandoveragain.__75___.Imagineyourtemperasapuppyinsideyouthatneedssometraining.Thepuppyisnotbad----itwillprobablyturnoutagreatdog.Itjustneedstolearnsomerulesbecause,rightnow,thatpuppyiscausingsomeproblemstoyou.
A.Youcantrainyoutemper.
B.Youdon’twanttocausetrouble.
C.Kidsshouldbeallowedtoexpresstheirfeelings,evenangryones.
D.Everybodygetsangrysometimes.
E.Infact,theyusuallymeanthatakidbehavesbadlywhenfeelingangry.
F.Insteadofthinkingofthepersonyou’reangrywith,thinkofsomethingelse.
G.Somekidsgetangrymoreoftenormoreeasilythansomeotherkids.
71-75DGECA
第二節(jié)（共5小題，每題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余項(xiàng)。
Choosingtherightjobisprobablyoneofthemostimportantdecisionswehavetomakeinlife,anditisfrequentlyoneofthehardestdecisionswehavetomake.Oneimportantquestionthatyoumightaskyourselfis:“HowdoIgetagoodjob?”___71___.
Therearepeoplewhocanansweraninsignificantadvertisementinthelocalpaperandlandthebestjobintheworld;otherswritetoallsortsofplacesalloverthecountry,andneverseemtogetareplyatall.Stillothersbelievethattheinperson,door-to-doorapproachisbyfarthebestwaytogetajob;andthentherearethosewho,throughnoactivedecisionoftheirown,justseemtobeintherightplaceattherighttime.___72____.Heusedtospendalotofhisfreetimedownbytheseawatchingthetallships,butneverthinkingthathemightonedaysailoneofthem.Hisfatherwasafarmer,andbeingasailorcouldneverbeanythingfortheboybutanidledream.Oneday,onhisusualwandering,heheardthecaptainoftheshipcomplainingthathecouldnotsailbecauseonememberofhiscrewwassick.Withoutstoppingtothink,thelad(少年)offeredtotakehisplace.___73___.
__74__.Iftheladhadgonehometoponder（考慮）hisdecisionforaweek,hemayhavemissedhischance.Itisonethingtobeofferedanopportunity;itisanotherthingtotakeitanduseitwell.
Sometimeswehearstoriesaboutpeoplewhobreakalltherulesandstillseemtolandplumjobs（美差）.Whenyougoforajobintervieworfilloutanapplication,youareexpectedtosaynicethingsaboutthecompanytowhichyouareapplying.___75___.Andwithinayearthispersonhadbecomegeneralmangerofthecompany.
A．Thisstoryalsoillustratestheimportanceofseizinganopportunitywhenitpresentsitself.
B．Peoplefindjobsinaninfinitenumberofways.
C．it’salmostimpossibletofindagoodjobbyansweringadvertisementinnewspapers
D．Takeforexampletheyoungmanwhowantedtobeasailor.
E．Buttherewasonepersonwholandedanexcellentjobbytellingtheinterviewerallthecompany’sfaults.
F．Hespenttherestofhislifehappilysailingtheshipshehadalwaysloved.
G．Itisveryimportanttoseizeanopportunitywhenitpresentsitself.
71—75BDFAE
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
_71_Oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyouownclub.It’sgreatfunespeciallyifyouarethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtododuringtheschoolholidays.
Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub._72_Pets,clothes,popmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthings?Thelistisendless.
Nextyouneedsomefriendstobeinyourclubwithyou._73_Allyouneedisthreeorfourotherpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamethingasyou.
_74Youshouldallsitdownsomewheretogetherwithlotsofpiecesofpaperandwritedowneverynameyoucanthinkup.That’llkeepyoubusyforages.
Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.Andthefirstruleshouldbenogrown-upsorlittle/bigbrothersorsisters!Thebestclubsarealwayssecret!
Nowyouhavejustabouteverythingyouneed,exceptmembershipcards.Theseareveryimportantandagainyoucanspeedalotoftimemakingthem.75Whynotleavesomespaceforaphotoofyourself?Thatwillmakethemembershipcardreallylooklikeit.
Sothereyouare,getclubbing!Onceyougetstartedyou’llthinkofloadsofmoreinterestingthingstodo!
A．That’seasy.
B．Enjoyyourownclub!
C．Inviteadesignertojoinyou.
D．Whatareyouinterestin?
E．Somevacationisjustaroundthecorner.
F．Thenyouneedtopickanameforyourclub.
G．Useabrightthickpentomakeaspecialdesign.
71．E72．D73．A74．F 75．G
1
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Beforegoingoutsideinthemorning,manyofuscheckawindowthermometer(溫度計(jì))forthetemperature.Thishelpsusdecidewhattowear._______71______.Wewantourfoodtobeacertaincoldnessintherefrigerator.Wewantitacertainhotnessintheoven.Ifwedon’tfeelwell,weuseathermometertoseeifwehaveafever.Wekeepourroomsacertainwarmthinthewinterandacertaincoolnessinthesummer.
Notallthethermometersusethesamesystemtomeasuretemperature.WeuseasystemcalledtheFahrenheitscale.ButmostothercountriesusetheCentigradescale.
Bothsystemsusethefreezingandboilingpointsofwaterastheirguide._____72_______.
Themostcommonkindofthermometerismadewithmercury(水銀)insideaclearglasstube.Asmercury(oranyotherliquid)becomeshot,itexpands.Asitgetscolder,itcontracts(收縮).Thatiswhyonhotdaysthemercurylineishighintheglasstube.______73______.
First.Takeaclearglassjuicebottlethathasacap;fillthebottlewithcolouredwater.Tapaholeinthecenterofthecapusingahammerandthicknail.Putthecaponthejar.Thenstickaplasticstraw(吸管)throughthenailhole.
_______74____________.
Finally.Placeawhitecardontheoutsideofthebottleandbehindthestraw.Nowyoucanseethewaterlevereasily.
_______75___________.
Asthetemperaturegoesdown,thewaterwillcontract,andtheleverinthestrawwillcomedown.Perhapsyouwillwanttokeeparecordofthewaterleverinthestraweachmorningforaweek.
A.Weuseanddependonthermometerstomeasurethetemperatureofmanyotherthings
inourdailylives.
B.Thermometersmeasuretemperature,byusingmaterialsthatchangeinthesameway
whentheyareheatedorcooled.
C.Nowthatyouknowthisruleyoucanmakeathermometerofyourownthatwillwork.
D.Thewaterwillriseinthestraw.Asthetemperatureoftheairgoesup,thewaterwillexpandandriseevenhigher.
E.Theylabeltheseindifferentways.OntheFahrenheitscalewaterfreezesat32degreesandboilsat212degrees.OntheCelsiusscalewaterfreezesat0degreesandboilsat100degrees.
F.Takewax(youmayuseanoldcandleifyouhaveone)andmeltsomeofitrightwherethe
strawisstruckintothecaptoseal(把..粘住)themtogether.
G.Peopleusethermometerswhicharemadebythemselveswhentravellingaroundtheworld.
2
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Choosingtherightjobisprobablyoneofthemostimportantdecisionswehavetomakeinlife,anditisfrequentlyoneofthehardestdecisionswehavetomake.Oneimportantquestionthatyoumightaskyourselfis:“HowdoIgetagoodjob?”___71___.
Therearepeoplewhocanansweraninsignificantadvertisementinthelocalpaperandlandthebestjobintheworld;otherswritetoallsortsofplacesalloverthecountry,andneverseemtogetareplyatall.Stillothersbelievethattheinperson,door-to-doorapproachisbyfarthebestwaytogetajob;andthentherearethosewho,throughnoactivedecisionoftheirown,justseemtobeintherightplaceattherighttime.___72____.Heusedtospendalotofhisfreetimedownbytheseawatchingthetallships,butneverthinkingthathemightonedaysailoneofthem.Hisfatherwasafarmer,andbeingasailorcouldneverbeanythingfortheboybutanidledream.Oneday,onhisusualwandering,heheardthecaptainoftheshipcomplainingthathecouldnotsailbecauseonememberofhiscrewwassick.Withoutstoppingtothink,thelad（少年）offeredtotakehisplace.___73___.
__74__.Iftheladhadgonehometoponder（考慮）hisdecisionforaweek,hemayhavemissedhischance.Itisonethingtobeofferedanopportunity;itisanotherthingtotakeitanduseitwell.
Sometimeswehearstoriesaboutpeoplewhobreakalltherulesandstillseemtolandplumjobs（美差）.Whenyougoforajobintervieworfilloutanapplication,youareexpectedtosaynicethingsaboutthecompanytowhichyouareapplying.___75___.Andwithinayearthispersonhadbecomegeneralmangerofthecompany.
A.Thisstoryalsoillustratestheimportanceofseizinganopportunitywhenitpresentsitself.
B.Peoplefindjobsinaninfinitenumberofways.
C.it’salmostimpossibletofindagoodjobbyansweringadvertisementinnewspapers
D.Takeforexampletheyoungmanwhowantedtobeasailor.
E.Buttherewasonepersonwholandedanexcellentjobbytellingtheinterviewerallthecompany’sfaults.
F.Hespenttherestofhislifehappilysailingtheshipshehadalwaysloved.
G.Itisveryimportanttoseizeanopportunitywhenitpresentsitself.
3
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Whatisyourfavouritecolour?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?___71___.Doyouprefergreysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowthanlead.Youtendtobepessimist.Atleast,thisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolourpreference,aswellastheeffectthatcolourshaveonhumanbeings.___72___.Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidso,assoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.
___73___.Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.___74___.AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicides(自殺)thananyotherbridgeinthearea---untilitwasrepaintedgreen.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply.Perhapsitwouldhavefallenevenmoreifthebridgehadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.
___75___.Itisanestablishedfactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhavefeweraccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackorgrey.
A.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.
B.Theytellus,amongotherfacts,thatwedonotchooseourfavouritecolourasgrowup---wearebornwithourpreference.
C.Theroomsarepaintedindifferentcoloursasyoulike.
D.Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitement.
E.Lightandbrightcoloursmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.
F.Lifeislikeapictureorapoem,fullofdifferentcolours.
G.Coloursdoinfluenceourmoods---thereisnodoubtaboutit
1.答案與解析:
71.A。從前面上下文意義可知溫度計(jì)在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械墓δ?，便可知道選擇A正確。
72.E。從上文可知“溫度計(jì)分華氏標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和攝氏標(biāo)準(zhǔn)兩種方式計(jì)量溫度，”選項(xiàng)E進(jìn)一步介紹了這兩種溫度計(jì)量方式的具體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故正確答案是E。
73.C。本段前一部分介紹了溫度計(jì)的構(gòu)造原理，下文根據(jù)此原理制造一個(gè)能夠計(jì)量溫度工作的溫度計(jì)。所以選項(xiàng)C符合文意。
74.F。根據(jù)上下文的邏輯意義，選項(xiàng)F是正確答案。
75.D。從下文可知應(yīng)選與之對(duì)應(yīng)的選項(xiàng)D。
2.答案與解析:
71.B。根據(jù)上下文，選項(xiàng)B符合邏輯意義。
72.D。從此空的前后文可以很容易地看出，空后是對(duì)空前觀點(diǎn)的例解。故選D。
73.F。根據(jù)故事敘述，選項(xiàng)F是對(duì)所舉事例的總結(jié)語(yǔ)。
74.A。此空后面是對(duì)所舉故事的進(jìn)一步分析，選項(xiàng)A是此段的論點(diǎn)。
75.E。從此短的論點(diǎn)“Sometimeswehearstoriesaboutpeoplewhobreakalltherulesandstillseemtolandplumjobs”便能看出，只有選與此空前面的觀點(diǎn)相反的選項(xiàng)E，才能和后面的結(jié)果相符合。
3.答案與解析:
71.D。根據(jù)下文問(wèn)答形式可以看出，選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。
72.B。根據(jù)上文意義，選項(xiàng)填到此空處可以與上文形成排比句式。
73.G。從空后的“Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.”這句話中可以找出正確答案為選項(xiàng)G。
74.A。從與上文的關(guān)系空后的“AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicides(自殺)thananyotherbridgeinthearea---untilitwasrepaintedgreen.”這句話中可以找到正確答案選項(xiàng)G。
75.E。從下文意義可以很容易地推斷出E為最佳選項(xiàng)。
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高考英語(yǔ)7選5補(bǔ)缺題新題型精品教案
鐵西區(qū)Peter精品高分英語(yǔ)家教：024-31688948
（育才、實(shí)驗(yàn)、二中專用）
主編人：吳軍
高考英語(yǔ)遼寧卷“7選5補(bǔ)缺題”閱讀填空題題樣：
閱讀理解第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2分,滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.71Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.
Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.72wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.73
Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.
Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.
Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.
Writeyournotesinyourownwords.
74
Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.
Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速記).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.75
A.Usewords,notcompletesentences.
B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.
C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.
D.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.
E.Youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.
F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.
G.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.
這篇文章整體分為四個(gè)段落層次，每個(gè)段落均由幾個(gè)語(yǔ)段構(gòu)成相對(duì)獨(dú)立地語(yǔ)義單位，各段都圍繞“Takinggoodnotes”這樣一個(gè)中心話題，形成了文章的線性結(jié)構(gòu)；第一段講述的是做筆記是好學(xué)生在多方面的一項(xiàng)省時(shí)技巧，第二段講述的是不管何時(shí)、用何種方法做筆記，都要有選擇性的做記錄，第三段講述的是做筆記的最佳方法，第四段講述的是要記住自己的速記符號(hào)，這就形成了文章的層次結(jié)構(gòu)，這對(duì)下一步的做題有了明確的整體方向。
7選5補(bǔ)缺題閱讀填空題解題思路
●通讀整篇文章，把握整段語(yǔ)脈，理出文章的中心。
●根據(jù)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)確定有幾個(gè)句子。
●除中心詞、關(guān)鍵詞外，將所有句子按意義分出層次，如果是承接、平列、層進(jìn)關(guān)系，則可分為兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的層次，如果是解釋、轉(zhuǎn)折一般就可以一分為二。
●再分析各層次之間的關(guān)系。
●最后檢查核對(duì)層次劃分有無(wú)錯(cuò)誤。如一篇文章或語(yǔ)段有幾個(gè)句子單位，幾個(gè)層次，特別是長(zhǎng)難句構(gòu)成的語(yǔ)段層次是否明確。
閱讀填空題詳解分析：
語(yǔ)篇與段落是有區(qū)別的，語(yǔ)段是篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的中間層次，是由句子到篇的一種過(guò)渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些語(yǔ)體（如記敘文、議論文）中比語(yǔ)段更大的意義單位，較小的段落可以只包括一個(gè)語(yǔ)段或一個(gè)句子，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，一個(gè)段落通常由幾個(gè)語(yǔ)段構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的方式有兩種，一是靠句際間意義的結(jié)合，二是靠句際間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，邏輯性插入語(yǔ)來(lái)連接，我們?cè)诜治稣Z(yǔ)段層次時(shí)，可以借助句際間的連接詞語(yǔ)作出判斷，但最主要的還是要真正體會(huì)句際間的意義關(guān)系，把握作者的思路，從語(yǔ)序上去發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點(diǎn)，理清層次，好文章的層次非常清晰，只要層層入手，才能真正理解文章。
閱讀填空題的解題策略：
1.理清句際間意義的關(guān)系
文章的內(nèi)容是根據(jù)各層各段的大意有機(jī)地組合而成，各個(gè)層次，各個(gè)段落之間不管怎樣錯(cuò)落有致，但它所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容都是要圍繞中心的，各句之間都有一定的語(yǔ)脈，從邏輯意義上來(lái)看，語(yǔ)段的句際關(guān)系可分為平列、順序、層遞、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果等關(guān)系。構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的各個(gè)句子之間有時(shí)可以包含一種以上的句際關(guān)系。
如上述年高考英語(yǔ)（遼寧卷）閱讀理解新題型題樣中，第一段的第一句“Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabatterstudentinseveralways”與下面幾句是解釋關(guān)系，解釋關(guān)系是指后面的句子對(duì)前面的句子作解釋、引申、例證，使意思更加明了、具體。后三句之間是平列關(guān)系，平列關(guān)系指句與句之間處于平等并列的地位，互不相屬，而只是組合在一起共同說(shuō)明一個(gè)問(wèn)題。平列關(guān)系組合的語(yǔ)段，在次序上并不固定，如果局部改變句子的相互位置并不改變整個(gè)語(yǔ)段的意思。
第二段的第一句與第二句是層遞關(guān)系，層遞關(guān)系是一種固定的順序關(guān)系，但又不同與順序關(guān)系，順序關(guān)系指構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的各句子只能按事物發(fā)展的過(guò)程由先而后地順序排列，不可隨意改變次序，通常在記敘文或描述固定的操作程序的說(shuō)明文中用得普遍，而層遞關(guān)系組合的語(yǔ)段是按語(yǔ)意的輕重、認(rèn)識(shí)的深淺作由輕到重、由淺入深的排列。第三句與第四句是解釋關(guān)系，第一、二句組合為一個(gè)語(yǔ)段，第三、四句組合為另外一個(gè)語(yǔ)段，語(yǔ)段與語(yǔ)段之間是總分關(guān)系，總分關(guān)系是指前面的句子陳述兩個(gè)過(guò)兩個(gè)以上的對(duì)象，后面的句子緊接著分別對(duì)它們加以說(shuō)明。用這種方式組合的語(yǔ)段能夠前呼后應(yīng)，彼此配合，使語(yǔ)脈清楚，條分縷析，如“Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes”一句與前兩句前呼后應(yīng)，彼此配合，為前句選“E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.”埋伏了一筆，邏輯性很強(qiáng)。
第三段的第一句與下面幾句是解釋關(guān)系，而后列舉的方法是平列關(guān)系。
第四段的最后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系指句與句之間存在意義的轉(zhuǎn)折，通常表達(dá)對(duì)比或?qū)φ盏囊馑肌?br>
2.找出句子之間的連接性的詞語(yǔ)
文章的語(yǔ)句間的組合，除了從語(yǔ)句間的意義關(guān)系分析外，還可借助句子之間的連接性詞語(yǔ)來(lái)把握，因?yàn)檫B接性詞語(yǔ)能表明這個(gè)語(yǔ)段句與句之間、層與層之間的基本關(guān)系是：
承接關(guān)系（如so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等）；
平列關(guān)系（如first,second,third…;firstly,secondly,thirdly…;first,next,then…;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace…;foronething,foranotherthing…;tobeginwith,toconclude等）；
轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（如however,nevertheless,nonetheless,still,though,yet,inspiteof,atanyrate,inanycase,whoever,whateveronthecontrary,incontrast,bycontrast,incomparison,bycomparison,conversely,otherwise等）；
層遞關(guān)系（如also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what’smore,too,either,neither,not…but…,notonly…butalso等）。
比如年高考英語(yǔ)（遼寧卷）閱讀理解新題型題樣中的選項(xiàng)71，由Second、Third得知應(yīng)選表示平列關(guān)系的句子G.項(xiàng)；
如72選項(xiàng)與前句組合為層遞關(guān)系,故應(yīng)選包含also的E.項(xiàng)句子,或者是解釋關(guān)系；
如73選項(xiàng)應(yīng)選F.選項(xiàng),與74選項(xiàng)平等的，是一組祈示句,而非陳述句,故應(yīng)選A.項(xiàng)而非B項(xiàng)?？傊?，對(duì)一個(gè)語(yǔ)段或語(yǔ)篇的分析，可以按以上所述步驟進(jìn)行；
如選項(xiàng)75與前句構(gòu)成了轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故應(yīng)選D.項(xiàng)答案。
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解一：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
_71_Oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyouownclub.It’sgreatfunespeciallyifyouarethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtododuringtheschoolholidays.
Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub._72_Pets,clothes,popmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthings?Thelistisendless.
Nextyouneedsomefriendstobeinyourclubwithyou._73_Allyouneedisthreeorfourotherpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamethingasyou.
_74Youshouldallsitdownsomewheretogetherwithlotsofpiecesofpaperandwritedowneverynameyoucanthinkup.That’llkeepyoubusyforages.
Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.Andthefirstruleshouldbenogrown-upsorlittle/bigbrothersorsisters!Thebestclubsarealwayssecret!
Nowyouhavejustabouteverythingyouneed,exceptmembershipcards.Theseareveryimportantandagainyoucanspeedalotoftimemakingthem.75Whynotleavesomespaceforaphotoofyourself?Thatwillmakethemembershipcardreallylooklikeit.
Sothereyouare,getclubbing!Onceyougetstartedyou’llthinkofloadsofmoreinterestingthingstodo!
A.That’seasy.
B.Enjoyyourownclub!
C.Inviteadesignertojoinyou.
D.Whatareyouinterestin?
E.Somevacationisjustaroundthecorner.
F.Thenyouneedtopickanameforyourclub.
G.Useabrightthickpentomakeaspecialdesign.
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解二：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
16Peopleusemoneytobuyfood,furniture,books,bicyclesandhundredsofotherthingstheyneedorwant.Whentheywork,theyusuallygetpaidinmoney.
Mostofthemoneytodayismadeofmetalorpaper.17Oneofthefirstkindsofmoneywasshells.
Shellswerenottheonlythingsusedasmoney.InChina,clothandkniveswereused.InthePhilippineIslands,ricewasusedasmoneyforalongtime.Elephanttusks,monkeytailsandsaltwereusedasmoneyinpartsofAfrica.
ThefirstmetalcoinsweremadeinChina.Theywereroundandhadasquareholeinthecentre.18
Differentcountrieshaveuseddifferentmetalsanddesignsfortheirmoney.19SwedenandRussiausedcopper(銅)tomaketheirmoney.Latersomecountriesbegantomakecoinsofgoldandsilver.
Butevengoldandsilverwereinconvenientifyouhadtobuysomethingexpensive.AgaintheChinesethoughtofawaytoimprovemoney.20Thefirstpapermoneylookedmorelikeanotefromonepersontoanotherthanthepapermoneyusedtoday.
Moneyhashadaninterestinghistoryfromthedaysofshellmoneyuntiltoday.
A.ThefirstcoinsinEnglandweremadeoftin(錫).
B.Butpeopleusedtouseallkindsofthingsasmoney.
C.Nooneknowsforcertainwhenpeoplebegantousemoney.
D.Peoplestrung(串連)themtogetherandcarriedthemfromplacetoplace.
E.Money,asweknow,isallmadeofpaper.
F.Theybegantousepapermoney.
G.Todayanyonewillacceptmoneyinexchangeforgoodsandservices.
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解三：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
16Whenapersondoesacertainthingagain,heisimpelled(迫使)bysomeunseenforcetodothesamethingrepeatedly;thusahabitisformed.Onceahabitisformed,itisdifficult,andsometimesimpossible,togetridof.17Childrenoftenformbadhabits,someofwhichremainwiththemaslongastheylive.Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabitsaslongastheylive.Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabits,andsometimesbecomeruinedbythem.
18Manysuccessfulmensaythatmuchoftheirsuccesshassomethingtodowithcertainhabitsinearlylife,suchasearlyrising,honestyandthoroughness.
Amongthehabitswhichchildrenshouldnotformarelaziness,lying,stealingandsoon.19Unfortunatelyolderpersonsoftenformhabitswhichoughttohavebeenavoided.
20
A.Thereareotherhabitswhich,whenformedinearlylife,areofgreathelp.
B.Whethergoodornothabitare,theyareeasytogetridof.
C.Weoughttokeepfromallthesebadhabits,andtrytoformsuchhabitsaswillprovegoodforourselvesandothers.
D.Habits,whethergoodorbad,aregraduallyformed.
E.Itisveryimportantforustoknowwhyweshouldgetusedtogoodhabbits.
F.Thesearealleasilyformedhabits.
G.Itisthereforeveryimportantthatweshouldpaygreatattentiontotheformationofhabits.
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解四：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Areyoutrulyhappy?Doyoueverknowwhatitmeanstobehappyandwhatittakestoachievehappiness?__71___.ThefollowingareafewtipsthatIfollowtocreatehappinessinmylife.
※Makeaplanforattaininggoalsthatyoubelievewillmakeyouhappy.Yourmoodswillverylikelyincreaseifyouaregoingaftersomethingyouvalue.
※Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople.Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway.___72___.
※Whensomethinggoeswrong,trytofigureoutasolutioninsteadofbeingabsorbedinselfpity.Trulyhappypeopledon’tallowsetbackstoaffecttheirmoodbecausetheyknowthatwithalittlethoughttheycanturnthecircumstancesbacktotheirfavor.
※__73_.Thesefewminuteswillgiveyoutheopportunitytofocusonthepositivethingsinyourlifeandwillleadyoutocontinuoushappiness.
※74.Whetheryoutreatyourselftolunch,takealong,relaxingbathorsimplyspendafewextraminutesonyourappearance,youwillbesubconsciously(下意識(shí)地)puttingyourselfinabettermood.
※Findingthehumorinsituationscanalsoleadtohappiness.Findawaytomakelightofasituationthatwouldotherwisemakeyouhappy.
※Keepinghealthyisanotherwaytoachievehappiness.75.
A．Whatmakesonepersonhappymaybeverydifferentfromwhatmakessomeoneelsehappy.
B．Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,theiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious.
C．BeingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmooD．
D．Theseareimportantquestionsforanyonewhoisseekinghappinesstoaskthemselves.
E．Spendafewminuteseachdaythinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy.
F．Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness.
G．It’salsoimportanttotakesometimeeachdaytodosomethingniceforyourself.
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解五：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
__71___.Beingangrydoesn’treallysolvemuch,butwhatpeopledowhentheyfeelangryisimportant.Thegoalistocalmdownandtrytosolvewhatisbotheringyou.Thisishardforsomekidsandadults,too.Insteadofcalmingdown,somekidsmightkeepgettingmoreandmoreupsetuntiltheyexplodelikeavolcano!
__72___.Theirangermightbesostrongthattheylosecontroloftheirtemper.Theymayactinwaysunacceptableandhurtful.Peoplemaysaythatsomeonehastroublecontrollingtheirtemper.__73___
Somekidsmightgetsoangrythattheyscreamattheirparents,breaksomething,orevenworse,hittheirbrothersorsisters._74____.However,it’snotOKforakidtodoanyofthosethings.Kidsdon’twanttoactinthisway,butsometimesangryfeelingscanbehardtomanage.Sowhattodo?
Well,thegoodnewsisthatkidsdon’tjusthavetokeepmakingthesamemistakesoverandoveragain.__75___.Imagineyourtemperasapuppyinsideyouthatneedssometraining.Thepuppyisnotbad----itwillprobablyturnoutagreatdog.Itjustneedstolearnsomerulesbecause,rightnow,thatpuppyiscausingsomeproblemstoyou.
A.Youcantrainyoutemper.
B.Youdon’twanttocausetrouble.
C.Kidsshouldbeallowedtoexpresstheirfeelings,evenangryones.
D.Everybodygetsangrysometimes.
E.Infact,theyusuallymeanthatakidbehavesbadlywhenfeelingangry.
F.Insteadofthinkingofthepersonyou’reangrywith,thinkofsomethingelse.
G.Somekidsgetangrymoreoftenormoreeasilythansomeotherkids.
71-75DGECA
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解六：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Choosingtherightjobisprobablyoneofthemostimportantdecisionswehavetomakeinlife,anditisfrequentlyoneofthehardestdecisionswehavetomake.Oneimportantquestionthatyoumightaskyourselfis:“HowdoIgetagoodjob?”___71___.
Therearepeoplewhocanansweraninsignificantadvertisementinthelocalpaperandlandthebestjobintheworld;otherswritetoallsortsofplacesalloverthecountry,andneverseemtogetareplyatall.Stillothersbelievethattheinperson,door-to-doorapproachisbyfarthebestwaytogetajob;andthentherearethosewho,throughnoactivedecisionoftheirown,justseemtobeintherightplaceattherighttime.___72____.Heusedtospendalotofhisfreetimedownbytheseawatchingthetallships,butneverthinkingthathemightonedaysailoneofthem.Hisfatherwasafarmer,andbeingasailorcouldneverbeanythingfortheboybutanidledream.Oneday,onhisusualwandering,heheardthecaptainoftheshipcomplainingthathecouldnotsailbecauseonememberofhiscrewwassick.Withoutstoppingtothink,thelad(少年)offeredtotakehisplace.___73___.
__74__.Iftheladhadgonehometoponder（考慮）hisdecisionforaweek,hemayhavemissedhischance.Itisonethingtobeofferedanopportunity;itisanotherthingtotakeitanduseitwell.
Sometimeswehearstoriesaboutpeoplewhobreakalltherulesandstillseemtolandplumjobs（美差）.Whenyougoforajobintervieworfilloutanapplication,youareexpectedtosaynicethingsaboutthecompanytowhichyouareapplying.___75___.Andwithinayearthispersonhadbecomegeneralmangerofthecompany.
A．Thisstoryalsoillustratestheimportanceofseizinganopportunitywhenitpresentsitself.
B．Peoplefindjobsinaninfinitenumberofways.
C．it’salmostimpossibletofindagoodjobbyansweringadvertisementinnewspapers
D．Takeforexampletheyoungmanwhowantedtobeasailor.
E．Buttherewasonepersonwholandedanexcellentjobbytellingtheinterviewerallthecompany’sfaults.
F．Hespenttherestofhislifehappilysailingtheshipshehadalwaysloved.
G．Itisveryimportanttoseizeanopportunitywhenitpresentsitself.
1
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Beforegoingoutsideinthemorning,manyofuscheckawindowthermometer(溫度計(jì))forthetemperature.Thishelpsusdecidewhattowear._______71______.Wewantourfoodtobeacertaincoldnessintherefrigerator.Wewantitacertainhotnessintheoven.Ifwedon’tfeelwell,weuseathermometertoseeifwehaveafever.Wekeepourroomsacertainwarmthinthewinterandacertaincoolnessinthesummer.
Notallthethermometersusethesamesystemtomeasuretemperature.WeuseasystemcalledtheFahrenheitscale.ButmostothercountriesusetheCentigradescale.
Bothsystemsusethefreezingandboilingpointsofwaterastheirguide._____72_______.
Themostcommonkindofthermometerismadewithmercury(水銀)insideaclearglasstube.Asmercury(oranyotherliquid)becomeshot,itexpands.Asitgetscolder,itcontracts(收縮).Thatiswhyonhotdaysthemercurylineishighintheglasstube.______73______.
First.Takeaclearglassjuicebottlethathasacap;fillthebottlewithcolouredwater.Tapaholeinthecenterofthecapusingahammerandthicknail.Putthecaponthejar.Thenstickaplasticstraw(吸管)throughthenailhole.
_______74____________.
Finally.Placeawhitecardontheoutsideofthebottleandbehindthestraw.Nowyoucanseethewaterlevereasily.
_______75___________.
Asthetemperaturegoesdown,thewaterwillcontract,andtheleverinthestrawwillcomedown.Perhapsyouwillwanttokeeparecordofthewaterleverinthestraweachmorningforaweek.
A.Weuseanddependonthermometerstomeasurethetemperatureofmanyotherthings
inourdailylives.
B.Thermometersmeasuretemperature,byusingmaterialsthatchangeinthesameway
whentheyareheatedorcooled.
C.Nowthatyouknowthisruleyoucanmakeathermometerofyourownthatwillwork.
D.Thewaterwillriseinthestraw.Asthetemperatureoftheairgoesup,thewaterwillexpandandriseevenhigher.
E.Theylabeltheseindifferentways.OntheFahrenheitscalewaterfreezesat32degreesandboilsat212degrees.OntheCelsiusscalewaterfreezesat0degreesandboilsat100degrees.
F.Takewax(youmayuseanoldcandleifyouhaveone)andmeltsomeofitrightwherethe
strawisstruckintothecaptoseal(把..粘住)themtogether.
G.Peopleusethermometerswhicharemadebythemselveswhentravellingaroundtheworld.
2
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Whatisyourfavouritecolour?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?___71___.Doyouprefergreysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowthanlead.Youtendtobepessimist.Atleast,thisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolourpreference,aswellastheeffectthatcolourshaveonhumanbeings.___72___.Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidso,assoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.
___73___.Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.___74___.AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicides(自殺)thananyotherbridgeinthearea---untilitwasrepaintedgreen.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply.Perhapsitwouldhavefallenevenmoreifthebridgehadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.
___75___.Itisanestablishedfactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhavefeweraccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackorgrey.
A.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.
B.Theytellus,amongotherfacts,thatwedonotchooseourfavouritecolourasgrowup---wearebornwithourpreference.
C.Theroomsarepaintedindifferentcoloursasyoulike.
D.Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitement.
E.Lightandbrightcoloursmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.
F.Lifeislikeapictureorapoem,fullofdifferentcolours.
G.Coloursdoinfluenceourmoods---thereisnodoubtaboutit
1.答案與解析:
71.A。從前面上下文意義可知溫度計(jì)在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械墓δ?，便可知道選擇A正確。
72.E。從上文可知“溫度計(jì)分華氏標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和攝氏標(biāo)準(zhǔn)兩種方式計(jì)量溫度，”選項(xiàng)E進(jìn)一步介紹了這兩種溫度計(jì)量方式的具體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故正確答案是E。
73.C。本段前一部分介紹了溫度計(jì)的構(gòu)造原理，下文根據(jù)此原理制造一個(gè)能夠計(jì)量溫度工作的溫度計(jì)。所以選項(xiàng)C符合文意。
74.F。根據(jù)上下文的邏輯意義，選項(xiàng)F是正確答案。
75.D。從下文可知應(yīng)選與之對(duì)應(yīng)的選項(xiàng)D。
2.答案與解析:
71.D。根據(jù)下文問(wèn)答形式可以看出，選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。
72.B。根據(jù)上文意義，選項(xiàng)填到此空處可以與上文形成排比句式。
73.G。從空后的“Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.”這句話中可以找出正確答案為選項(xiàng)G。
74.A。從與上文的關(guān)系空后的“AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicides(自殺)thananyotherbridgeinthearea---untilitwasrepaintedgreen.”這句話中可以找到正確答案選項(xiàng)G。
75.E。從下文意義可以很容易地推斷出E為最佳選項(xiàng)。
7選5補(bǔ)缺題精品教案（結(jié)束課）
英語(yǔ)“7選5補(bǔ)缺題”閱讀填空題題樣：
閱讀理解第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2分,滿分10分)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.71Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest.
Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforareport.72wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.73
Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.
Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.
Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.
Writeyournotesinyourownwords.
74
Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.
Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand(速記).Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.75
H.Usewords,notcompletesentences.
I.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.
J.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.
K.Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.
L.Youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.
M.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.
N.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.
這篇文章整體分為四個(gè)段落層次，每個(gè)段落均由幾個(gè)語(yǔ)段構(gòu)成相對(duì)獨(dú)立地語(yǔ)義單位，各段都圍繞“Takinggoodnotes”這樣一個(gè)中心話題，形成了文章的線性結(jié)構(gòu)；第一段講述的是做筆記是好學(xué)生在多方面的一項(xiàng)省時(shí)技巧，第二段講述的是不管何時(shí)、用何種方法做筆記，都要有選擇性的做記錄，第三段講述的是做筆記的最佳方法，第四段講述的是要記住自己的速記符號(hào)，這就形成了文章的層次結(jié)構(gòu)，這對(duì)下一步的做題有了明確的整體方向。
7選5補(bǔ)缺題閱讀填空題解題思路
●通讀整篇文章，把握整段語(yǔ)脈，理出文章的中心。
●根據(jù)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)確定有幾個(gè)句子。
●除中心詞、關(guān)鍵詞外，將所有句子按意義分出層次，如果是承接、平列、層進(jìn)關(guān)系，則可分為兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的層次，如果是解釋、轉(zhuǎn)折一般就可以一分為二。
●再分析各層次之間的關(guān)系。
●最后檢查核對(duì)層次劃分有無(wú)錯(cuò)誤。如一篇文章或語(yǔ)段有幾個(gè)句子單位，幾個(gè)層次，特別是長(zhǎng)難句構(gòu)成的語(yǔ)段層次是否明確。
閱讀填空題詳解分析：
語(yǔ)篇與段落是有區(qū)別的，語(yǔ)段是篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的中間層次，是由句子到篇的一種過(guò)渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些語(yǔ)體（如記敘文、議論文）中比語(yǔ)段更大的意義單位，較小的段落可以只包括一個(gè)語(yǔ)段或一個(gè)句子，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，一個(gè)段落通常由幾個(gè)語(yǔ)段構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的方式有兩種，一是靠句際間意義的結(jié)合，二是靠句際間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，邏輯性插入語(yǔ)來(lái)連接，我們?cè)诜治稣Z(yǔ)段層次時(shí)，可以借助句際間的連接詞語(yǔ)作出判斷，但最主要的還是要真正體會(huì)句際間的意義關(guān)系，把握作者的思路，從語(yǔ)序上去發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點(diǎn)，理清層次，好文章的層次非常清晰，只要層層入手，才能真正理解文章。
閱讀填空題的解題策略：
1.理清句際間意義的關(guān)系
文章的內(nèi)容是根據(jù)各層各段的大意有機(jī)地組合而成，各個(gè)層次，各個(gè)段落之間不管怎樣錯(cuò)落有致，但它所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容都是要圍繞中心的，各句之間都有一定的語(yǔ)脈，從邏輯意義上來(lái)看，語(yǔ)段的句際關(guān)系可分為平列、順序、層遞、轉(zhuǎn)折、總分、解釋、因果等關(guān)系。構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的各個(gè)句子之間有時(shí)可以包含一種以上的句際關(guān)系。
如上述年高考英語(yǔ)（遼寧卷）閱讀理解新題型題樣中，第一段的第一句“Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabatterstudentinseveralways”與下面幾句是解釋關(guān)系，解釋關(guān)系是指后面的句子對(duì)前面的句子作解釋、引申、例證，使意思更加明了、具體。后三句之間是平列關(guān)系，平列關(guān)系指句與句之間處于平等并列的地位，互不相屬，而只是組合在一起共同說(shuō)明一個(gè)問(wèn)題。平列關(guān)系組合的語(yǔ)段，在次序上并不固定，如果局部改變句子的相互位置并不改變整個(gè)語(yǔ)段的意思。
第二段的第一句與第二句是層遞關(guān)系，層遞關(guān)系是一種固定的順序關(guān)系，但又不同與順序關(guān)系，順序關(guān)系指構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的各句子只能按事物發(fā)展的過(guò)程由先而后地順序排列，不可隨意改變次序，通常在記敘文或描述固定的操作程序的說(shuō)明文中用得普遍，而層遞關(guān)系組合的語(yǔ)段是按語(yǔ)意的輕重、認(rèn)識(shí)的深淺作由輕到重、由淺入深的排列。第三句與第四句是解釋關(guān)系，第一、二句組合為一個(gè)語(yǔ)段，第三、四句組合為另外一個(gè)語(yǔ)段，語(yǔ)段與語(yǔ)段之間是總分關(guān)系，總分關(guān)系是指前面的句子陳述兩個(gè)過(guò)兩個(gè)以上的對(duì)象，后面的句子緊接著分別對(duì)它們加以說(shuō)明。用這種方式組合的語(yǔ)段能夠前呼后應(yīng)，彼此配合，使語(yǔ)脈清楚，條分縷析，如“Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes”一句與前兩句前呼后應(yīng)，彼此配合，為前句選“E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes.”埋伏了一筆，邏輯性很強(qiáng)。
第三段的第一句與下面幾句是解釋關(guān)系，而后列舉的方法是平列關(guān)系。
第四段的最后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系指句與句之間存在意義的轉(zhuǎn)折，通常表達(dá)對(duì)比或?qū)φ盏囊馑肌?br>
2.找出句子之間的連接性的詞語(yǔ)
文章的語(yǔ)句間的組合，除了從語(yǔ)句間的意義關(guān)系分析外，還可借助句子之間的連接性詞語(yǔ)來(lái)把握，因?yàn)檫B接性詞語(yǔ)能表明這個(gè)語(yǔ)段句與句之間、層與層之間的基本關(guān)系是：
承接關(guān)系（如so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等）；
平列關(guān)系（如first,second,third…;firstly,secondly,thirdly…;first,next,then…;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace…;foronething,foranotherthing…;tobeginwith,toconclude等）；
轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系（如however,nevertheless,nonetheless,still,though,yet,inspiteof,atanyrate,inanycase,whoever,whateveronthecontrary,incontrast,bycontrast,incomparison,bycomparison,conversely,otherwise等）；
層遞關(guān)系（如also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what’smore,too,either,neither,not…but…,notonly…butalso等）。
比如年高考英語(yǔ)（遼寧卷）閱讀理解新題型題樣中的選項(xiàng)71，由Second、Third得知應(yīng)選表示平列關(guān)系的句子G.項(xiàng)；
如72選項(xiàng)與前句組合為層遞關(guān)系,故應(yīng)選包含also的E.項(xiàng)句子,或者是解釋關(guān)系；
如73選項(xiàng)應(yīng)選F.選項(xiàng),與74選項(xiàng)平等的，是一組祈示句,而非陳述句,故應(yīng)選A.項(xiàng)而非B項(xiàng)?？傊瑢?duì)一個(gè)語(yǔ)段或語(yǔ)篇的分析，可以按以上所述步驟進(jìn)行；
如選項(xiàng)75與前句構(gòu)成了轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故應(yīng)選D.項(xiàng)答案。
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解一：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
_71_Oneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyouownclub.It’sgreatfunespeciallyifyouarethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere’sneveranythingtododuringtheschoolholidays.
Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub._72_Pets,clothes,popmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthings?Thelistisendless.
Nextyouneedsomefriendstobeinyourclubwithyou._73_Allyouneedisthreeorfourotherpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamethingasyou.
_74Youshouldallsitdownsomewheretogetherwithlotsofpiecesofpaperandwritedowneverynameyoucanthinkup.That’llkeepyoubusyforages.
Atyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.Andthefirstruleshouldbenogrown-upsorlittle/bigbrothersorsisters!Thebestclubsarealwayssecret!
Nowyouhavejustabouteverythingyouneed,exceptmembershipcards.Theseareveryimportantandagainyoucanspeedalotoftimemakingthem.75Whynotleavesomespaceforaphotoofyourself?Thatwillmakethemembershipcardreallylooklikeit.
Sothereyouare,getclubbing!Onceyougetstartedyou’llthinkofloadsofmoreinterestingthingstodo!
A.That’seasy.
B.Enjoyyourownclub!
C.Inviteadesignertojoinyou.
D.Whatareyouinterestin?
E.Somevacationisjustaroundthecorner.
F.Thenyouneedtopickanameforyourclub.
G.Useabrightthickpentomakeaspecialdesign.
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解二：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
16Peopleusemoneytobuyfood,furniture,books,bicyclesandhundredsofotherthingstheyneedorwant.Whentheywork,theyusuallygetpaidinmoney.
Mostofthemoneytodayismadeofmetalorpaper.17Oneofthefirstkindsofmoneywasshells.
Shellswerenottheonlythingsusedasmoney.InChina,clothandkniveswereused.InthePhilippineIslands,ricewasusedasmoneyforalongtime.Elephanttusks,monkeytailsandsaltwereusedasmoneyinpartsofAfrica.
ThefirstmetalcoinsweremadeinChina.Theywereroundandhadasquareholeinthecentre.18
Differentcountrieshaveuseddifferentmetalsanddesignsfortheirmoney.19SwedenandRussiausedcopper(銅)tomaketheirmoney.Latersomecountriesbegantomakecoinsofgoldandsilver.
Butevengoldandsilverwereinconvenientifyouhadtobuysomethingexpensive.AgaintheChinesethoughtofawaytoimprovemoney.20Thefirstpapermoneylookedmorelikeanotefromonepersontoanotherthanthepapermoneyusedtoday.
Moneyhashadaninterestinghistoryfromthedaysofshellmoneyuntiltoday.
A.ThefirstcoinsinEnglandweremadeoftin(錫).
B.Butpeopleusedtouseallkindsofthingsasmoney.
C.Nooneknowsforcertainwhenpeoplebegantousemoney.
D.Peoplestrung(串連)themtogetherandcarriedthemfromplacetoplace.
E.Money,asweknow,isallmadeofpaper.
F.Theybegantousepapermoney.
G.Todayanyonewillacceptmoneyinexchangeforgoodsandservices.
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解三：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
16Whenapersondoesacertainthingagain,heisimpelled(迫使)bysomeunseenforcetodothesamethingrepeatedly;thusahabitisformed.Onceahabitisformed,itisdifficult,andsometimesimpossible,togetridof.17Childrenoftenformbadhabits,someofwhichremainwiththemaslongastheylive.Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabitsaslongastheylive.Olderpersonsalsoformbadhabits,andsometimesbecomeruinedbythem.
18Manysuccessfulmensaythatmuchoftheirsuccesshassomethingtodowithcertainhabitsinearlylife,suchasearlyrising,honestyandthoroughness.
Amongthehabitswhichchildrenshouldnotformarelaziness,lying,stealingandsoon.19Unfortunatelyolderpersonsoftenformhabitswhichoughttohavebeenavoided.
20
A.Thereareotherhabitswhich,whenformedinearlylife,areofgreathelp.
B.Whethergoodornothabitare,theyareeasytogetridof.
C.Weoughttokeepfromallthesebadhabits,andtrytoformsuchhabitsaswillprovegoodforourselvesandothers.
D.Habits,whethergoodorbad,aregraduallyformed.
E.Itisveryimportantforustoknowwhyweshouldgetusedtogoodhabbits.
F.Thesearealleasilyformedhabits.
G.Itisthereforeveryimportantthatweshouldpaygreatattentiontotheformationofhabits.
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解四：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Areyoutrulyhappy?Doyoueverknowwhatitmeanstobehappyandwhatittakestoachievehappiness?__71___.ThefollowingareafewtipsthatIfollowtocreatehappinessinmylife.
※Makeaplanforattaininggoalsthatyoubelievewillmakeyouhappy.Yourmoodswillverylikelyincreaseifyouaregoingaftersomethingyouvalue.
※Surroundyourselfwithhappypeople.Itiseasytobegintothinknegativelywhenyouaresurroundedbypeoplewhothinkthatway.___72___.
※Whensomethinggoeswrong,trytofigureoutasolutioninsteadofbeingabsorbedinselfpity.Trulyhappypeopledon’tallowsetbackstoaffecttheirmoodbecausetheyknowthatwithalittlethoughttheycanturnthecircumstancesbacktotheirfavor.
※__73_.Thesefewminuteswillgiveyoutheopportunitytofocusonthepositivethingsinyourlifeandwillleadyoutocontinuoushappiness.
※74.Whetheryoutreatyourselftolunch,takealong,relaxingbathorsimplyspendafewextraminutesonyourappearance,youwillbesubconsciously(下意識(shí)地)puttingyourselfinabettermood.
※Findingthehumorinsituationscanalsoleadtohappiness.Findawaytomakelightofasituationthatwouldotherwisemakeyouhappy.
※Keepinghealthyisanotherwaytoachievehappiness.75.
A．Whatmakesonepersonhappymaybeverydifferentfromwhatmakessomeoneelsehappy.
B．Onthecontrary,ifyouarearoundpeoplewhoarehappy,theiremotionalstatewillbeinfectious.
C．BeingoverweightornoteatingnutritiousfoodscanhaveanegativeeffectonyourmooD．
D．Theseareimportantquestionsforanyonewhoisseekinghappinesstoaskthemselves.
E．Spendafewminuteseachdaythinkingaboutthethingsthatmakeyouhappy.
F．Therearesometipsinlifethatleadtohappiness.
G．It’salsoimportanttotakesometimeeachdaytodosomethingniceforyourself.
閱讀填空題實(shí)戰(zhàn)講解五：
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
__71___.Beingangrydoesn’treallysolvemuch,butwhatpeopledowhentheyfeelangryisimportant.Thegoalistocalmdownandtrytosolvewhatisbotheringyou.Thisishardforsomekidsandadults,too.Insteadofcalmingdown,somekidsmightkeepgettingmoreandmoreupsetuntiltheyexplodelikeavolcano!
__72___.Theirangermightbesostrongthattheylosecontroloftheirtemper.Theymayactinwaysunacceptableandhurtful.Peoplemaysaythatsomeonehastroublecontrollingtheirtemper.__73___
Somekidsmightgetsoangrythattheyscreamattheirparents,breaksomething,orevenworse,hittheirbrothersorsisters._74____.However,it’snotOKforakidtodoanyofthosethings.Kidsdon’twanttoactinthisway,butsometimesangryfeelingscanbehardtomanage.Sowhattodo?
Well,thegoodnewsisthatkidsdon’tjusthavetokeepmakingthesamemistakesoverandoveragain.__75___.Imagineyourtemperasapuppyinsideyouthatneedssometraining.Thepuppyisnotbad----itwillprobablyturnoutagreatdog.Itjustneedstolearnsomerulesbecause,rightnow,thatpuppyiscausingsomeproblemstoyou.
A.Youcantrainyoutemper.
B.Youdon’twanttocausetrouble.
C.Kidsshouldbeallowedtoexpresstheirfeelings,evenangryones.
D.Everybodygetsangrysometimes.
E.Infact,theyusuallymeanthatakidbehavesbadlywhenfeelingangry.
F.Insteadofthinkingofthepersonyou’reangrywith,thinkofsomethingelse.
G.Somekidsgetangrymoreoftenormoreeasilythansomeotherkids.
71-75DGECA
1
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Beforegoingoutsideinthemorning,manyofuscheckawindowthermometer(溫度計(jì))forthetemperature.Thishelpsusdecidewhattowear._______71______.Wewantourfoodtobeacertaincoldnessintherefrigerator.Wewantitacertainhotnessintheoven.Ifwedon’tfeelwell,weuseathermometertoseeifwehaveafever.Wekeepourroomsacertainwarmthinthewinterandacertaincoolnessinthesummer.
Notallthethermometersusethesamesystemtomeasuretemperature.WeuseasystemcalledtheFahrenheitscale.ButmostothercountriesusetheCentigradescale.
Bothsystemsusethefreezingandboilingpointsofwaterastheirguide._____72_______.
Themostcommonkindofthermometerismadewithmercury(水銀)insideaclearglasstube.Asmercury(oranyotherliquid)becomeshot,itexpands.Asitgetscolder,itcontracts(收縮).Thatiswhyonhotdaysthemercurylineishighintheglasstube.______73______.
First.Takeaclearglassjuicebottlethathasacap;fillthebottlewithcolouredwater.Tapaholeinthecenterofthecapusingahammerandthicknail.Putthecaponthejar.Thenstickaplasticstraw(吸管)throughthenailhole.
_______74____________.
Finally.Placeawhitecardontheoutsideofthebottleandbehindthestraw.Nowyoucanseethewaterlevereasily.
_______75___________.
Asthetemperaturegoesdown,thewaterwillcontract,andtheleverinthestrawwillcomedown.Perhapsyouwillwanttokeeparecordofthewaterleverinthestraweachmorningforaweek.
A.Weuseanddependonthermometerstomeasurethetemperatureofmanyotherthings
inourdailylives.
B.Thermometersmeasuretemperature,byusingmaterialsthatchangeinthesameway
whentheyareheatedorcooled.
C.Nowthatyouknowthisruleyoucanmakeathermometerofyourownthatwillwork.
D.Thewaterwillriseinthestraw.Asthetemperatureoftheairgoesup,thewaterwillexpandandriseevenhigher.
E.Theylabeltheseindifferentways.OntheFahrenheitscalewaterfreezesat32degreesandboilsat212degrees.OntheCelsiusscalewaterfreezesat0degreesandboilsat100degrees.
F.Takewax(youmayuseanoldcandleifyouhaveone)andmeltsomeofitrightwherethe
strawisstruckintothecaptoseal(把..粘住)themtogether.
G.Peopleusethermometerswhicharemadebythemselveswhentravellingaroundtheworld.
2
第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Whatisyourfavouritecolour?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?___71___.Doyouprefergreysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowthanlead.Youtendtobepessimist.Atleast,thisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolourpreference,aswellastheeffectthatcolourshaveonhumanbeings.___72___.Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidso,assoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.
___73___.Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.___74___.AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicides(自殺)thananyotherbridgeinthearea---untilitwasrepaintedgreen.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply.Perhapsitwouldhavefallenevenmoreifthebridgehadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.
___75___.Itisanestablishedfactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhavefeweraccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackorgrey.
A.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.
B.Theytellus,amongotherfacts,thatwedonotchooseourfavouritecolourasgrowup---wearebornwithourpreference.
C.Theroomsarepaintedindifferentcoloursasyoulike.
D.Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitement.
E.Lightandbrightcoloursmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.
F.Lifeislikeapictureorapoem,fullofdifferentcolours.
G.Coloursdoinfluenceourmoods---thereisnodoubtaboutit
1.答案與解析:
71.A。72.E。73.C。74.F。75.D。
2.答案與解析:
71.D。72.B。73.G。74.A。75.E。
數(shù)列與探索性新題型的解題技巧
【命題趨向】
1.等差(比)數(shù)列的基本知識(shí)是必考內(nèi)容,這類問(wèn)題既有選擇題、填空題,也有解答題;難度易、中、難三類皆有.
2.數(shù)列中an與Sn之間的互化關(guān)系也是高考的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn).
3.函數(shù)思想、方程思想、分類討論思想等數(shù)學(xué)思想方法在解決問(wèn)題中常常用到,解答試題時(shí)要注意靈活應(yīng)用.
4.解答題的難度有逐年增大的趨勢(shì),還有一些新穎題型,如與導(dǎo)數(shù)和極限相結(jié)合等.
因此復(fù)習(xí)中應(yīng)注意:
1.數(shù)列是一種特殊的函數(shù),學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)要善于利用函數(shù)的思想來(lái)解決.如通項(xiàng)公式、前n項(xiàng)和公式等.
2.運(yùn)用方程的思想解等差(比)數(shù)列,是常見(jiàn)題型,解決此類問(wèn)題需要抓住基本量a1、d(或q),掌握好設(shè)未知數(shù)、列出方程、解方程三個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),常通過(guò)設(shè)而不求,整體代入來(lái)簡(jiǎn)化運(yùn)算.
3.分類討論的思想在本章尤為突出.學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)考慮問(wèn)題要全面,如等比數(shù)列求和要注意q=1和q≠1兩種情況等等.
4.等價(jià)轉(zhuǎn)化是數(shù)學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)中常常運(yùn)用的,數(shù)列也不例外.如an與Sn的轉(zhuǎn)化;將一些數(shù)列轉(zhuǎn)化成等差(比)數(shù)列來(lái)解決等.復(fù)習(xí)時(shí),要及時(shí)總結(jié)歸納.
5.深刻理解等差(比)數(shù)列的定義,能正確使用定義和等差(比)數(shù)列的性質(zhì)是學(xué)好本章的關(guān)鍵.
6.解題要善于總結(jié)基本數(shù)學(xué)方法.如觀察法、類比法、錯(cuò)位相減法、待定系數(shù)法、歸納法、數(shù)形結(jié)合法,養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣,定能達(dá)到事半功倍的效果.
7.數(shù)列應(yīng)用題將是命題的熱點(diǎn),這類題關(guān)鍵在于建模及數(shù)列的一些相關(guān)知識(shí)的應(yīng)用.
【考點(diǎn)透視】
1.理解數(shù)列的概念,了解數(shù)列通項(xiàng)公式的意義,了解遞推公式是給出數(shù)列的一種方法,并能根據(jù)遞推公式寫(xiě)出數(shù)列的前幾項(xiàng).
2.理解等差數(shù)列的概念,掌握等差數(shù)列的通項(xiàng)公式與前n項(xiàng)和公式,并能運(yùn)用公式解答簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題.
3.理解等比數(shù)列的概念,掌握等比數(shù)列的通項(xiàng)公式與前n項(xiàng)和公式,并能運(yùn)用公式解決簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題.
4.數(shù)列是高中數(shù)學(xué)的重要內(nèi)容,又是學(xué)習(xí)高等數(shù)學(xué)的基礎(chǔ),所以在高考中占有重要的地位.高考對(duì)本章的考查比較全面,等差數(shù)列,等比數(shù)列的考查每年都不會(huì)遺漏.解答題多為中等以上難度的試題,突出考查考生的思維能力,解決問(wèn)題的能力,試題大多有較好的區(qū)分度.有關(guān)數(shù)列的試題經(jīng)常是綜合題,經(jīng)常把數(shù)列知識(shí)和指數(shù)函數(shù)、對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)和不等式的知識(shí)綜合起來(lái),試題也常把等差數(shù)列、等比數(shù)列,求極限和數(shù)學(xué)歸納法綜合在一起。探索性問(wèn)題是高考的熱點(diǎn),常在數(shù)列解答題中出現(xiàn)。本章中還蘊(yùn)含著豐富的數(shù)學(xué)思想,在主觀題中著重考查函數(shù)與方程、轉(zhuǎn)化與化歸、分類討論等重要思想,以及配方法、換元法、待定系數(shù)法等基本數(shù)學(xué)方法.應(yīng)用問(wèn)題考查的重點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)實(shí)客觀事物的數(shù)學(xué)化,常需構(gòu)造數(shù)列模型,將現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題來(lái)解決.
【例題解析】
考點(diǎn)1正確理解和運(yùn)用數(shù)列的概念與通項(xiàng)公式
理解數(shù)列的概念,正確應(yīng)用數(shù)列的定義,能夠根據(jù)數(shù)列的前幾項(xiàng)寫(xiě)出數(shù)列的通項(xiàng)公式.
典型例題
例1.(2006年廣東卷)在德國(guó)不來(lái)梅舉行的第48屆世乒賽期間,某商店櫥窗里用同樣的乒乓球堆成若干堆正三棱錐形的展品,其中第1堆只有1層,就一個(gè)球;第2,3,4,…堆最底層(第一層)分別按圖4所示方式固定擺放,從第二層開(kāi)始,每層的小球自然壘放在下一層之上,第n堆第n層就放一個(gè)乒乓球,以f(n)表示第n堆的乒乓球總數(shù),則;(答案用n表示).
思路啟迪:從圖中觀察各堆最低層的兵乓球數(shù)分別是12,3,4,…推測(cè)出第n層的球數(shù)。
解答過(guò)程:顯然.
第n堆最低層(第一層)的乒乓球數(shù),,第n堆的乒乓球數(shù)總數(shù)相當(dāng)于n堆乒乓球的低層數(shù)之和,即
所以:
09年高考英語(yǔ)新題型閱讀表達(dá)題的解題技巧
一名合格的教師要充分考慮學(xué)習(xí)的趣味性，教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是教師需要精心準(zhǔn)備的。教案可以讓學(xué)生更容易聽(tīng)懂所講的內(nèi)容，幫助教師在教學(xué)期間更好的掌握節(jié)奏。所以你在寫(xiě)教案時(shí)要注意些什么呢？為滿足您的需求，小編特地編輯了“09年高考英語(yǔ)新題型閱讀表達(dá)題的解題技巧”，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。
高考英語(yǔ)新題型閱讀表達(dá)題的解題技巧
閱讀表達(dá)題是2007年山東省出現(xiàn)的新題型。該題是一種綜合性的題型，既考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力，又考查書(shū)面表達(dá)能力，真可謂"一箭雙雕"！同時(shí)，這類題目不但選材新穎、時(shí)代性強(qiáng)，而且體裁多樣、結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、層次分明，是一種不錯(cuò)的試題。然而，同學(xué)們對(duì)這一新題型卻感到束手無(wú)策，不知從何下筆。針對(duì)這一情況，我們應(yīng)在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練中要不斷總結(jié)做題方法，探索答題規(guī)律，掌握這類題目的解題技巧。下面讓我們一起對(duì)這個(gè)新題型來(lái)個(gè)"庖丁解牛"，全面剖析一下它的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)。
通過(guò)對(duì)近2年高考試題的研究，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)這類試題的設(shè)題題型有以下幾種：主旨概括題、句子替換題、句子填空題、翻譯句子題、封閉性問(wèn)題和開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題等。為了易于掌握，我們分別進(jìn)行分析。
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