高中試講英語(yǔ)教案

高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Poetry》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。

俗話說(shuō)，凡事預(yù)則立，不預(yù)則廢。教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是每個(gè)教師都不可缺少的。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好地進(jìn)入課堂環(huán)境中來(lái)，幫助教師有計(jì)劃有步驟有質(zhì)量的完成教學(xué)任務(wù)。教案的內(nèi)容要寫(xiě)些什么更好呢？下面是小編精心為您整理的“高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Poetry》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)”，供大家借鑒和使用，希望大家分享！

高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Poetry》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

教材分析

本課是第18單元第3 課，經(jīng)過(guò)前面兩課的學(xué)習(xí)，學(xué)生對(duì)美與審美的話題已經(jīng)有一定的認(rèn)識(shí)。本課課文由兩首英文詩(shī)組成，而學(xué)生在日常生活中很少接觸英文詩(shī)歌，加上詩(shī)歌欣賞需要運(yùn)用想象力，本身是很復(fù)雜的審美活動(dòng)，所以要欣賞英文詩(shī)歌之美難度較大。本課的重點(diǎn)是首先在閱讀中獲取主要信息：兩首詩(shī)的大意、各自所使用的語(yǔ)氣和表達(dá)的基本情感；然后，通過(guò)在詩(shī)句中尋找意象來(lái)進(jìn)一步理解所表達(dá)的情感，并欣賞從鮮明的意象和和諧的韻腳中傳遞出的詩(shī)歌獨(dú)有之美感。

本課計(jì)劃分兩課時(shí)進(jìn)行，第一課時(shí)通過(guò)捕捉動(dòng)作、場(chǎng)景的細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)和理順詩(shī)句中字詞順序等閱讀策略來(lái)獲取兩首詩(shī)的主要信息，并能夠表達(dá)這些信息；學(xué)習(xí)重點(diǎn)詞匯的意義和用法。第二課時(shí)簡(jiǎn)單了解何為意象, 體驗(yàn)意象是怎樣構(gòu)成，找出詩(shī)句中的意象，進(jìn)而體會(huì)兩位詩(shī)人借助不同的意象所傳達(dá)出的不同情感；然后用自己的語(yǔ)言說(shuō)出兩首詩(shī)的異同之處；嘗試自己運(yùn)用意象來(lái)描述日常生活。

教學(xué)內(nèi)容

話題：某個(gè)特殊的夜晚：思鄉(xiāng)之夜、圣誕前夜

課型：閱讀課

詞匯：重點(diǎn)詞匯 ：bend, bound, bow, Christian, endless, freezing, oval, poetry，precious,

romantic, scenic, settle，stout, vague, vivid

相關(guān)詞匯*：chimney, drown, hoarfrost, homesickness, hoof, jerk, sleigh, thistle, tranquil

第一課時(shí)

First Period

教學(xué)目標(biāo)

在本課結(jié)束時(shí),學(xué)生能夠：

1識(shí)別與認(rèn)讀重要詞匯

2通過(guò)捕捉動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)和理順詩(shī)句中字詞順序來(lái)獲取兩首詩(shī)的大意、語(yǔ)氣和基本情感；

3在對(duì)提取的信息進(jìn)行組織和內(nèi)化后，用自己的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)這些信息；

4在情感上與詩(shī)人產(chǎn)生一定的共鳴。

教學(xué)過(guò)程

教學(xué)活動(dòng)Activities設(shè)計(jì)意圖Intentions互動(dòng)模式&時(shí)間IP & timeLead-in：5 minStep 1T asks ss what famous Chinese poets they know and who is their favourite;[slide 2]T presents the 3 words "poetry", "poem", and "poet";

激活學(xué)生的背景知識(shí),引出本課話題。CW2'Step 2Ss read out the key words in Ex.2;

T explains the words "vivid", "precious" and "scenic", associating "scenic" with "scene" and "scenery"；[slide 3]Ss look at the two pictures of Santa and the moon on the book and in pairs discuss which of the key words they will use to describe the pictures.

利用描述圖片為下面的詩(shī)歌閱讀活動(dòng)熱身，同時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯、熟悉新詞匯。IW，PW3'

Pre-reading：8 minStep 3T presents two groups of pictures for each poem and elicits from ss the following words.

For Li Bai picture: tranquil, hoarfrost, bend, homesickness;

For Santa picture：chimney, sleigh, hoof, stout, oval eyes, like a bow.

[slide 4-5]

After all the words have been elicited, T helps Ss learn the pronunciations of the expressions, if necessary.[slide 6]T goes over the pictures again and asks ss to say the words from their memory.

[學(xué)案Ex.Ⅰ]

在圖片語(yǔ)境中呈現(xiàn)單詞，幫助學(xué)生理解、記憶詞義;

再次呈現(xiàn)新單詞，幫助學(xué)生有效利用課上時(shí)間記憶單詞CW，8'

While-reading: 25minStep 4First reading:

Ss read the two poems and answer questions about the two poem's general feelings;

T presents reading strategy 1;[slide 7][學(xué)案Ex.Ⅱ（1）]

Ss complete table 1 in groups by listing the words or phrases related to the weather and the time of day or year;[slide 8][學(xué)案Ex.Ⅱ（2）]　培養(yǎng)學(xué)生體會(huì)詩(shī)歌大意和捕捉詩(shī)歌細(xì)節(jié)信息的能力；IW, GW7'Step 5Second reading:

T presents reading strategy 3;

Ss read the two poems again; in pairs identify sentences in unusual order, reorder them in regular ways.

T explains the verbal phrases:jaB88.com

settle (oneself), be drowned in，pull in (one's head)

[slide 9-10]

幫助學(xué)生了解詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作的特點(diǎn)，為下一步提取詩(shī)句中的信息作準(zhǔn)備；

分步處理生詞和短語(yǔ)的用法CW, PW10'Step 6Third reading:

T presents reading strategy 2;

Ss read the poems again and complete table 2 by identifying what people in the poems do and how they feel.

[slide 11-12]

[學(xué)案Ex.Ⅲ]

培養(yǎng)學(xué)生提取主要信息的能力IW,5 'Step 7Ss listen to the tape and read after it.[slide 13]有聲輸入，整體感知詩(shī)歌的美感；CW,3'

Post-reading: 7 minStep 8Ss do Ex.4[slide 14]檢測(cè)學(xué)生是否準(zhǔn)確獲取兩首詩(shī)的主要信息；IW,3'Step 9Ss in pairs retell what happened in poem B according to Table 2, with s1 retelling the first 6 stanzas and s 2 dealing with the last half.[slide 14]培養(yǎng)學(xué)生把提取的信息變成自己的語(yǔ)言；把poem B 分成兩部分來(lái)復(fù)述，降低輸出的難度。PW'4'HomeworkLanguage Power p. 84，Ex.2 Vocabulary

p 91, Ex.5 Synonyms[slide 15]第二課時(shí)

Second Period

教學(xué)目標(biāo)：學(xué)生能夠

1. 發(fā)現(xiàn)詩(shī)歌中韻腳的使用；

2. 找到詩(shī)句中塑造的意象；

3. 總結(jié)兩首詩(shī)的從內(nèi)容到情感等方面的異同之處；

4. 在日常描寫(xiě)中嘗試使用意象。

教學(xué)活動(dòng)Activities設(shè)計(jì)意圖Intentions互動(dòng)模式&時(shí)間IP & timeReview：6 minStep 1Ss review the vocabulary they have learned with a spider map and blanks filling; and do Ex.1 on p. 84;

[Slide 2-3]

[學(xué)案Ex.Ⅰ]

激活已學(xué)的詞匯;CW4'Step 2Ss recall the main ideas of each poem by Table 2.[slide 4][學(xué)案Ex.Ⅱ]

利用第一課時(shí)中的Table2，激活課文信

息，并為本課學(xué)習(xí)意象與描寫(xiě)做鋪墊；IW，2'

Read to learn：22 minStep 3Ss read poem A aloud and observe the last words in each line; generalize the regularity of the sounds of these words. T presents the term for the regularity, rhyme.

Ss read poem B and in pairs generalize the regular sound pattern within and across the stanzas: it is rhymed too.

T elicits from ss why both poets put words in poem in disorderly manner.

[slide 5-7]

[學(xué)案Ex.Ⅲ]

引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)、歸納英文詩(shī)歌押韻這一形式特點(diǎn)；

引導(dǎo)學(xué)生對(duì)詩(shī)歌中字詞順序異于常態(tài)話語(yǔ)這一現(xiàn)象做出結(jié)論。IW, PW, CW8'Step 3T presents Reading strategy 4, exemplifies what an image is and explains the function of images;

[slide 8-11]

[學(xué)案Ex.Ⅳ(1)]

T presents two more examples from poem B and asks ss to think about how the two work on the reader's mind; Ss present their ideas.

T explains it: images work by means of descriptions, e.g. adj., comparison.[slide 12]培養(yǎng)學(xué)生發(fā)掘詩(shī)句中的意象的能力。CW,8'Step 4Ss work in groups and complete Table 3.

[slide13-14]

[學(xué)案Ex.Ⅳ(2)]

讓學(xué)生實(shí)踐這種能力。PW6'

Comprehensive practice：8 minStep 5T elicits from ss how poem A and B are similar in the following ways: topic, time, image and rhyme.

Ss in pairs list differences between the two; present their list orally.

[slide 15-16]

調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生在已有的知識(shí)和信息基礎(chǔ)上自主歸納、總結(jié)，鍛煉口頭表達(dá)；IW, PW,8'

Application: 8 minStep 7Ss work in groups to complete Ex.8 and present the group work result.[slide 17][學(xué)案Ex.Ⅴ]

綜合運(yùn)用已有的知識(shí)，在書(shū)面表達(dá)的實(shí)踐中鍛煉使用意象的能力。PW8'

Homework：1 min

Language Power p. 86-87，Ex.1 Focus on Reading (with Culture Corner on p. 44 as reference)[slide 18]

擴(kuò)展閱讀

高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Language》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Language》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

詞匯導(dǎo)練

1.Research ____________(表明)that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.

2.Our music class ____________(組成)of 12 Chinese and 8 American students.

3.There are two ____________(官方的)languages in Canada：English and French.

4. I’d like to say that his ____________(發(fā)音)is much better than before.

5.It is certain that the ____________(進(jìn)程)will be slower than expected.

6.It is said that the situation in Iraq is out of __________ now.

7.A new ____________ will be set to guide this business.

8.He has made an important ____________ to the company’s success.

9.She found that she had great ____________ in understanding him.

10.The economic sanctions(制裁)could not prevent the____________ of that country.

11.At the sound of the gun，all the birds in the tree flew away in all____________.

12.Our ____________(origin)plan was to go to Spain，but it was too expensive.

1.indicates　2.consists　3.official　4.pronunciation 5.process　6.control　7.standard　8.contribution 9.difficulty　10.development　11.directions　12.original

短語(yǔ)匯集

1.____________________由……組成

2.____________________ 對(duì)……有影響

3.____________________ 總體上

4.____________________ 當(dāng)仆人

5.____________________ 因……而困惑

6.____________________ 向……抱怨……

7.____________________ 采取行動(dòng)做……

8.____________________ 拿起，舉起

9.____________________ 控制

10.____________________ (使)變成

11.____________________ 代表，象征

12.____________________ 在整個(gè)歷史進(jìn)程中

1.consist of/be made up of　2.have impact on　3.as a whole　4.work as a servant　5.get confused with

6.complain to sb.of/about sth.　7.take action to do

8.lift up...　9.take control of　10.turn into　11.stand for　12.throughout history

語(yǔ)句試譯

1.(回歸課本P23)________ ________ ________，F(xiàn)rench still had an impact on the English language.

盡管如此，法語(yǔ)對(duì)英語(yǔ)還是產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。

2.(回歸課本P23)After the Norman Conquest，upper class people spoke French ________ common people spoke English.

諾曼征服后，上層階級(jí)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)，而普通百姓則說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

3.(回歸課本P28)I understand now，but the question is ________ ________ I still cannot understand the meanings.

我現(xiàn)在明白了，但是問(wèn)題是如果我仍然不明白意思我該怎么辦?

4.(回歸課本P38)The Chinese language ________ ________ many Western languages ________ ________ it uses characters which have meanings and can stand alone as words.

漢語(yǔ)與很多西方語(yǔ)言不同，區(qū)別在于漢語(yǔ)使用的基本單位漢字本身就具有意義，可以獨(dú)立成詞。

5.(回歸課本P38)However，________ ________ characters are used to describe objects.

然而，并非所有的漢字都用來(lái)描述物體。

1.Despite this fact　2.while　3.what if　4.differs from;in that　5.not all

核心知識(shí)

1. rule　vt.& n.　統(tǒng)治

(回歸課本P22)That is why English is a language with so many confusing rules.

正因?yàn)槿绱耍⒄Z(yǔ)才成了一種具有許多令人困惑不解的規(guī)則的語(yǔ)言。

歸納拓展

(1)vt.控制，統(tǒng)治，支配

n.規(guī)則，規(guī)章，條例

(2)常用短語(yǔ)：

①rule sb./sth.out 把……排除在外

②rule sb.out of聲明某人不能參賽，阻止某人參賽

③as a (general)rule一般來(lái)說(shuō)，通常

④make it a rule to do...照例要做……，通常

例句探源

①(牛津P1747)It’s against all rules and regulations.

這違背了所有的規(guī)章制度。

②(朗文P1787)African tribal societies were traditionally ruled by a council of elders.

非洲部落社會(huì)傳統(tǒng)上由長(zhǎng)老會(huì)控制。

③His injuries rule out a return to the field before the end of the season.

傷病使他無(wú)法在本賽季結(jié)束前重返運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)。

1.(2010年高考江蘇卷)The experiment has ________ the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet，but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.

A.found outB.pointed out

C.ruled out D.carried out

解析：選C。句意：試驗(yàn)排除了那個(gè)星球上存在生命的可能，但是這并不意味著其他星球上沒(méi)有生命。rule out表示“排除”。A項(xiàng)“查明”，B項(xiàng)“指出”，D項(xiàng)“實(shí)行”。

2.完成句子

(1)我通常七點(diǎn)起床。

________ ________ ________，I get up at seven.

答案：As a rule

(2)如果你犯規(guī)，你會(huì)受到懲罰。

If you ________ ________ ________，you’ll be punished.

答案：break the rules

(3)他照例每天要吃一個(gè)蘋(píng)果。

He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ an apple every day.

答案：makes it a rule to eat

2. replace　vt.　替換;取代;把……放回原處

(回歸課本P23)After the earlier invasion Celtic had been replaced with English.

早期入侵之后，凱爾特語(yǔ)被替換為英語(yǔ)。

歸納拓展

例句探源

①(朗文P1733)Have they hired anybody to replace Ken?

他們雇到人來(lái)接替肯了嗎?

②(牛津P1688)All the old carpets need replacing.

所有的舊地毯都需要更換。

③I replaced the cup carefully in the saucer.

我小心翼翼地將杯子放回茶碟。

★3.When you have finished the book，please ________ it on the shelf.

A.replaceB.take place

C.take place of D.in place of

解析：選A。replace“把……放回原處”，符合句意。take place“發(fā)生”;in place of“代替，取代”。

4.BBC engineers do not think that their ideas will ever ________ books and newspapers because they can be taken with you everywhere.

A.replace B.take place

C.in place of D.instead of

解析：選A。replace在此處意為“代替，取代”。從句子的結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，可先排除介詞短語(yǔ)C、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。而take place的意思為“發(fā)生”，和語(yǔ)境不相符合。

5.(2010年高考福建卷)More and more high?rise buildings have been built in big cities ________ space.

A.in search of B.in place of

C.for lack of D.for fear of

解析：選C。由于缺少空間城市里建起了越來(lái)越多的摩天大樓。for lack of因缺乏，符合題意。in search of尋找;in place of代替;for fear of唯恐，以免。

3. raise　v.　舉起，提高，撫養(yǎng)，籌錢

(回歸課本P23)At this point，many English people worked as servants who raised animals and cooked for the Normans.

在此期間，很多英國(guó)人淪為諾曼人的仆人，他們?yōu)橹Z曼人飼養(yǎng)牲畜，給諾曼人做飯。

歸納拓展

raise a baby 撫育孩子

raise wheat 種植小麥

raise one’s hand 舉起手

raise one’s voice 提高嗓門(mén)

raise salaries 提高工資

raise money 籌集資金

raise a question 提出問(wèn)題

例句探源

①(牛津P1634)She raised her eyes from her work.

她停下工作，抬頭看了看。

②(朗文P1681)He’s raising the rent because he’s fixed up the apartment.他要提高租金，因?yàn)樗压⑿蘖艘幌隆?/p>

③You can’t raise a child in an environment like that.

在那樣的環(huán)境中沒(méi)法培養(yǎng)孩子。

④Each time he raised a question like that，she said，“I don’t know”.每次他問(wèn)起那個(gè)，她總是說(shuō)：“我不知道”。

⑤Our objective is to raise0 for the school band.

我們的目標(biāo)是為校樂(lè)隊(duì)籌集200美元。

易混辨析

raise，rise，arise

(1)raise vt.舉起，抬起，抬高。說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作是要作用于其他事物的。

(2)rise vi.升起，上升，起立。說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)自身移向更高的位置。

(3)arise vi.(風(fēng)、霧等)升起;出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生(問(wèn)題);起床;(由……)產(chǎn)生。rise和arise皆為不及物動(dòng)詞，都有“升起”的意思，但表示有形物體的上升或上漲用rise不用arise。

①We have no plans to raise taxes at present.

②House prices are likely to rise towards the end of this year.

③A mist arose from the lake during the night.

★6.(2009年高考江西卷)—What is the price of petrol these days?

—Oh，it ________ sharply since last month.

A.is raised　 B.has risen

C.has arisen D.is increased

解析：選B?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和詞語(yǔ)的用法。根據(jù)題意可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)the price與rise之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選B。arise表示“出現(xiàn)”，語(yǔ)義不恰當(dāng)。

7.將下面的句子譯成漢語(yǔ)，注意raise的含義：

(1)This weight is too heavy.I can’t raise it.

_______________________________________

答案：這東西太重，我舉不起來(lái)。(raise舉起)

(2)He raised his voice in order to make himself heard.

_________________________________________

答案：他提高嗓音目的是為了讓別人聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。(raise提高)

(3)It’s difficult to raise a family on a small income.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：依靠微薄收入是很難養(yǎng)家的。(raise飼養(yǎng);撫養(yǎng))

(4)The problem is whether we can raise the money.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：?jiǎn)栴}是我們能否籌到錢。(raise籌錢)

(5)Does anyone have any points to raise?

________________________________________________________________________

答案：有人想要提出什么問(wèn)題嗎?(raise提出)

(回歸課本P28)I always wondered when I would get the English novel my parents had promised to give me.

我總在想父母到底什么時(shí)候會(huì)把他們答應(yīng)我的英文小說(shuō)給我。

歸納拓展

(1)promise sb.sth. 答應(yīng)某人某事promise(sb.)to do sth./that-clause 答應(yīng)(某人)做某事

promise+to be +n./adj. 給人以……的指望;有……的可能

(2)give/make a promise 許下諾言,keep/carry out a /one’s promise 遵守諾言

break a /one’s promise 違背諾言

(3)promising adj. 有前途的;有希望的;有出息的

【溫馨提示】

(1)“I promise to go”這種句型的否定式有三種表達(dá)方式，但意義不同。

I don’t promise to go.我沒(méi)有答應(yīng)要去。

I promise not/never to go.我答應(yīng)不去。

I don’t promise not to go.我并沒(méi)有答應(yīng)不去。

(2)名詞promise也可以和to do不定式及that?clause連用。

例句探源

①(朗文P1630)You made a promise，so you have to keep it.

既然你已經(jīng)許諾了，就要做到。

②(牛津P1587)The college principal promised to look into the matter.學(xué)院院長(zhǎng)答應(yīng)研究這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

③You promised me that you’d be home early tonight.

你曾向我保證今晚會(huì)早回家的。

④He’s promised her daughter to buy her a new bike.

他已經(jīng)答應(yīng)女兒給她買輛新自行車。

⑤He promised his grandchildren the money.

他答應(yīng)給孫子們錢。

⑥It promised to be an exciting few days.

那可望是興奮刺激的幾天。

8.完成句子

(1)父母允諾我生日時(shí)送我一輛新的自行車。

My parents ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for my birthday.

=My parents ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for my birthday.

答案：promised me a new bike;promised a new bike to me

(2)你答應(yīng)過(guò)每星期和朋友們打網(wǎng)球的，可你并不是很擅長(zhǎng)啊。

You have ________ ________ ________ ________ with your friends every week，but you are not very good at it.

答案：promised to play tennis

(3)她答應(yīng)一有空就來(lái)看我。

She ________ ________ she would come to see me as soon as she was free.

答案：promised that

(4)你若作出承諾去做什么事，你就應(yīng)該遵守諾言而不食言。

If you ________ a promise to do something，you should ________ it instead of ________ it.

答案：make;keep;breaking

★9.The young man made a ________ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.

A.prediction　B.promise

C.plan D.contribution

解析：選B。句意：年輕人向他的父母許下諾言，畢業(yè)后要努力自謀生計(jì)。prediction預(yù)言，預(yù)測(cè);promise諾言，保證;plan計(jì)劃，打算;contribution貢獻(xiàn)。由句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。

★10.(2010年高考福建卷)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money?making jobs they ________ before leaving their hometowns.

A.promised

B.were promised

C.have promised

D.have been promised

解析：選D。句意：每年都有大批農(nóng)民到深圳打工賺錢，在離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)之前他們已被承諾可以獲得這些工作機(jī)會(huì)。本句中含有定語(yǔ)從句，修飾jobs。promise sb.sth.答應(yīng)某人某事，此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，并且該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句中的動(dòng)作之前，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。

5. set　vt.　確定(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等)，判定(規(guī)則等)

n.　(一)套，(一)部;裝置，設(shè)備

(回歸課本P29)A standard was first set for the English language when Henry Ⅶ was King of England.

亨利七世當(dāng)英國(guó)國(guó)王時(shí)，首次為英語(yǔ)設(shè)定了一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

歸納拓展

例句探源

①(朗文P1863)She smiled and set down her cup of coffee.

她笑了笑，把手中的那杯咖啡放下了。

②(牛津P1822)Her remarks set me thinking.

她的話引起了我的深思。

③The novel was set in London in the 1960s.

這部小說(shuō)以20世紀(jì)60年代的倫敦為背景。

④Set the alarm for 7 o’clock.把鬧鐘設(shè)在7點(diǎn)。

⑤They haven’t set a date for their wedding yet.

他們還沒(méi)有確定婚禮日期。

⑥Could you set the table for dinner?

你把餐具排好，準(zhǔn)備開(kāi)飯好嗎?

⑦I rely on you to set a good example.

我指望你來(lái)樹(shù)立一個(gè)好榜樣。

11.完成句子

(1)于是我就著手研究蛇的習(xí)性，以便能用最簡(jiǎn)易的方法來(lái)捕蛇。

I ________ ________ ________ ________/________ ________ ________ the habits of snakes so I could trap them in the easiest way.

答案：set out to research/set about researching

(2)那么每天都留出一點(diǎn)時(shí)間來(lái)寫(xiě)作，哪怕五分鐘也行。

So ________ ________ some time each day to write，even if it is only five minutes.

答案：set aside

(3)我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬……

I don’t want to ________ ________ a series of facts in a diary as most people do...

答案：set down

(4)我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該7點(diǎn)出發(fā)，趁那時(shí)道路暢通無(wú)阻。

I think we ought to ________ ________/________ ________ at 7∶00，while the roads are empty.

答案：set off/set out

(5)于是，1995年這個(gè)組織在北京設(shè)立了辦事處。

Then，in 1995，the organization ________ ________ an office in Beijing.

答案：set up

(6)他為我們樹(shù)立了好榜樣。

He ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.

答案：set us a good example

★12.(2011年北京海淀高三檢測(cè)題)Einstein liked Bose’s paper so much that he ________ his own work and translated it into German.

A.gave off　B.turned down

C.took over D.set aside

解析：選D。句意：愛(ài)因斯坦如此喜歡波斯的論文以至于他把自己手頭的工作放置一邊來(lái)把波斯的論文翻譯成德語(yǔ)。本題是在語(yǔ)境中考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意義的辨析。選項(xiàng)A.gave off“發(fā)出(氣味、光、熱、聲音等)”，不符合句子內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)B.turned down有兩個(gè)意思：①調(diào)低(機(jī)器的熱度、音量等);②拒絕(提議、請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng))，這兩個(gè)意思都不符合句子內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)C.took over“接管，接手;接住”，從整個(gè)句子內(nèi)容看C項(xiàng)不合適。選項(xiàng)D.set aside“放下、放置”，符合句意，是正確答案。

6. access　n.[U]　(使用或見(jiàn)到的)機(jī)會(huì)，權(quán)力;通道，入口

vt.　接近;使用;到達(dá);進(jìn)入

(回歸課本P29)Today，the spread of ‘borrowed words’is due to easily accessed television and radio programmes from across the world，and the Internet.

現(xiàn)在，外來(lái)詞的傳播主要是通過(guò)世界各地都可以方便地收看、收聽(tīng)的電視，收音節(jié)目以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

歸納拓展

(1)have access to...能夠使用/見(jiàn)到/享有……

the access to a building到達(dá)/進(jìn)入大樓的通道

(2)accessible adj.可見(jiàn)到的，可使用的

be accessible to sb.某人可使用的，可看到的

例句探源

①(牛津P10)The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.去那農(nóng)舍的唯一通路是穿過(guò)田野。

②Students must have access to good resources.

學(xué)生必須有機(jī)會(huì)使用好的資源。

③(朗文P11)Healthcare should be made accessible to everyone.應(yīng)該讓每個(gè)人都能獲得醫(yī)療保健。

13.(2009年高考浙江卷)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library.

A.access B.passage

C.way D.approach

解析：選A。考查名詞辨析。句意：設(shè)計(jì)這個(gè)系統(tǒng)是為了讓學(xué)生能便捷、容易地使用圖書(shū)館的電子資源。這里give...access to...是固定詞組，表示“使……能得到，能進(jìn)入”，所以選A。

14.(2009年高考江西卷)Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be ________ to the kids.

A.accessible B.relative

C.acceptable D.sensitive

解析：選A?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意：Frank把藥放在頂層抽屜中，以確保孩子們夠不到。accessible表示“可以得到的，可以接近的”，通常與to搭配。后三項(xiàng)分別表示“相關(guān)的”“可接受的”“敏感的”。

7. symbol　n.　符號(hào)，象征

(回歸課本P38)The character ‘prisoner’was formed with the symbol for a man inside a square.

“囚”這個(gè)漢字就是將表達(dá)“人”的這個(gè)符號(hào)放在一個(gè)方格中所形成的。

歸納拓展

例句探源

①(朗文P2090)A hammer is often used in art as a symbol of authority.在藝術(shù)里，錘子經(jīng)常被用作權(quán)威的象征。

②(牛津P2048)What’s the chemical symbol for copper?

銅的化學(xué)符號(hào)是什么?

易混辨析

symbol，sign，mark，signal

(1)symbol“象征，符號(hào)”，指被人們選出的物體或圖案，用來(lái)代表另一事物，作為該事物的象征。

(2)sign“符號(hào)，標(biāo)記”，指具體的用于識(shí)別或指示的標(biāo)志，如指標(biāo)牌，卡片等。借喻時(shí)指“征兆，跡象”。

(3)mark“標(biāo)志，標(biāo)記”，指事物留下的深刻印跡或某物上用于辨別該物品的附屬物。

(4)signal“信號(hào)”，常指約定俗成，用于傳達(dá)某些信息的信號(hào)，也指燈光，聲音或信號(hào)標(biāo)志。

15.用symbol，sign，mark和signal填空：

(1)George was responsible for the accident because he didn’t give a ________ to other drivers.

答案：signal

(2)In the picture the tree is the ________ of life and the snake is the symbol of evil.

答案：symbol

(3)Sir，you are not to walk your pet on the lawn.Don’t you see the ________：“Keep off the grass”?

答案：sign

(4)One ________ of a writer’s greatness is that different minds can get a different inspiration from his works.

答案：mark

(5)A red light is a ________ of danger，which is even known to a five?year?old child.

答案：signal

8. spread　vt.　傳播，散布，撒;鋪開(kāi)，展開(kāi);涂，抹

n.　傳播，散布;涉及區(qū)域，活動(dòng)范圍

vi.　(消息、謠言、知識(shí)等)傳播，傳開(kāi);(大火、沖突、疾病等)蔓延、傳染(開(kāi)來(lái));伸展;延伸

(回歸課本P29)Today，the spread of borrowed words’ is due to easily accessed television and radio programmes from across the world，and the Internet.

今天，世界各地都可以方便地收看收聽(tīng)電視、廣播節(jié)目，還有因特網(wǎng)的普及，使得外來(lái)詞廣為傳播。

歸納拓展

spread out 散開(kāi);伸展，延伸

spread over 遍布在

spread to 傳到，波及

spread oneself out 舒展四肢(躺下)

be spread for 擺好(桌子)準(zhǔn)備

spread A on/ over B 在B上涂抹A,=spread B with A 用A涂抹B

例句探源

①(朗文P1989)She spread the pages of the letter on the table.

她把那幾頁(yè)信攤開(kāi)放在桌子上。

②(牛津P1948)There’s more room to spread out in first class.

頭等艙寬敞些，伸得開(kāi)腿。

③Small clever animals，now with hands and feet，appeared and spread all over the earth.

一些小巧聰明、長(zhǎng)著手腳的動(dòng)物出現(xiàn)了，它們分布在地球的各個(gè)地方。

④The desert spreads for hundreds of miles.

沙漠綿延數(shù)百英里。

易混辨析

extend，spread，stretch，expand

(1)extend“伸出，延伸”，指空間范圍的擴(kuò)大，以及長(zhǎng)度、寬度的朝外延伸，也可指時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng)。

(2)spread“伸開(kāi)，傳播”，一般指向四面八方擴(kuò)大傳播的范圍，如傳播(疾病)，散布(信息)等。

(3)stretch“伸展，拉長(zhǎng)”，一般指由曲變直，由短變長(zhǎng)的伸展，不是加長(zhǎng)。

(4)expand“展開(kāi)、擴(kuò)大”，不僅指尺寸的增加，還可指范圍和體積的擴(kuò)大。

①M(fèi)etals expand when they are heated and contract when cooled.

②The road extends to the port.

③Flies，mosquitoes and mice spread diseases.

④She stretched across the table for the butter.

16.英譯漢：

(1)Water began to spread across the floor.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：水開(kāi)始漫過(guò)地板。

(2)A smile spread slowly across her face.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：微笑慢慢在她臉上綻開(kāi)。

(3)We have 10,000 members spread all over the country.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：我們有一萬(wàn)名成員分布在全國(guó)各地。

(4)The disease spreads easily.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：這種疾病容易傳播。

(5)She spread her arms and the child ran towards her.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：她張開(kāi)雙臂，孩子向她跑來(lái)。

9. pick up　拾起，撿起;認(rèn)出，挑出

(回歸課本P22)This is because many pairs of words and phrases have similar meanings in English，for example，pick up and lift up.

這是因?yàn)樵谟⒄Z(yǔ)里許多對(duì)詞匯和短語(yǔ)有相似的意義，例如“pick up”和“l(fā)ift up”。

歸納拓展

例句探源

①(牛津P1492)She went over to the crying child and picked her up.她走到啼哭的孩子身邊，把她抱了起來(lái)。

②(朗文P1535)Luckily，Maggie was able to pick up where she left off at work，even though she’d been in the hospital for two months.

幸運(yùn)的是盡管瑪吉住了兩個(gè)月院，她仍能拾起放下的工作。

③I’ll drive over and pick you up at the weekend.

我周末開(kāi)車過(guò)去接你。

④You’ll soon pick up health when you get to the seaside.

到了海濱，你就會(huì)很快地恢復(fù)健康。

⑤The train picked up speed.火車加快了速度。

⑥But her writing experience was something she picked up by herself.但她的寫(xiě)作經(jīng)驗(yàn)是她無(wú)意間培養(yǎng)的。

⑦M(jìn)y radio can pick up BBC very clearly.

我的收音機(jī)能清楚地收聽(tīng)到BBC。

★17.(2010年高考山東卷)Sam ________ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.

A.brought up B.looked up

C.picked up D.set up

解析：選C。由語(yǔ)意可知，Sam是在看別人用電腦的時(shí)候，無(wú)意間獲得了一些電腦知識(shí)。表示偶然學(xué)到的技能或知識(shí)，要用pick up。bring up提出，養(yǎng)育;look up查閱;set up樹(shù)立，建立。

★18.It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly ________ my friend.

A.turn out B.bring out

C.call out D.pick out

解析：選D?？疾槎陶Z(yǔ)辨析。turn out后來(lái)是，結(jié)果是;bring out使表現(xiàn)出，使顯出，闡明，生產(chǎn)，出版等;call out要求某人來(lái)，召喚出動(dòng)(尤指處理緊急情況);pick out認(rèn)出(某人)，精心選擇(某物)。

19.(2010年安徽“江南十?！甭?lián)考)While large numbers of residents in this area ________ the H1N1 flu，very few suffered death.

A.picked up B.took up

C.brought up D.caught up

解析：選A?？疾樵~組辨析。pick up表示“搭乘，接某人，感染”;take up表示“從事，占據(jù)”;bring up表示“撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育”;catch up則表示“趕上”。

20.You’d better fly somewhere in the west.Then you can ________ a rental car and travel around.

A.take up B.get up

C.pick up D.turn up

解析：選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞詞組辨析。take up“拿起，占據(jù)”;get up“起床”;pick up“撿起，學(xué)會(huì)，搭載”;turn up“出現(xiàn)，開(kāi)大，扭亮(燈等)”。句意：你最好乘飛機(jī)去西部，然后，租一輛汽車四處觀光。只有pick up符合語(yǔ)境。

10. contribute to

(回歸課本P22)Many factors contributed to the development of this new type of English.

很多因素使得英語(yǔ)發(fā)展成這種新的類型。

歸納拓展

例句探源

①(牛津P433)We contributed ￡5,000 to the earthquake fund.

我們向地震基金捐贈(zèng)了5000英磅。

②(朗文P437)Yellow fever contributed to Mudd’s early death at age 19.黃熱病導(dǎo)致馬德19歲便早早去世。

③He contributed an article to China Daily.

他為《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》撰寫(xiě)了一篇文章。

★21.Some blood types are quite common，others are regionally ________，and still others are rare everywhere.

A.distributed　B.contributed

C.obtained D.convinced

解析：選A。句意：一些血型很普遍，另外一些只分布在局部地區(qū)，另外還有一些哪兒都很罕見(jiàn)。distribute“分散，分布”;contribute“貢獻(xiàn)，投稿”;obtain“得到”;convince“使確信，使信服”。

★22.(2011年江蘇啟東中學(xué)預(yù)測(cè)題)Even some of the casual garments we wear have brand names ________them which turn us ________walking advertisements.

A.attached to;into

B.attaching to;to

C.appealed to;into

D.contributed to;to

解析：選A。attach to 貼在……上;appeal to 吸引;contribute to 捐贈(zèng)，是……的原因。根據(jù)題意可知，應(yīng)該用attach to，而attach to 和brand names 之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此要用過(guò)去分詞(這里的過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)attached to them 作names 的定語(yǔ))。因此答案是A。

23.完成句子

(1)良好的天氣促成了那次航行的成功。

The fair weather ________ ________the success of the voyage.

答案：contributed to

(2)他的懶惰是他失敗的原因之一。

His laziness ________ ________his failure.

答案：contributed to

(3)她捐助巨款給那家孤兒院。

She ________a large sum of money ________the orphanage.

答案：contributed;to

(4)移民在許多方面豐富了英國(guó)文化。

Immigrants have ________ ________British culture in many ways.

答案：contributed to

11. depend on　依靠;依賴;確信;相信;指望;受……的影響;取決于

(回歸課本P25)There are many different dialects of English depending on where people live.

根據(jù)人們居住地點(diǎn)的不同，英語(yǔ)有許多不同的方言。

歸納拓展

depend on sb.for sth.依賴、依靠某人獲得depend on sb.doing/to do sth.依靠/相信某人做某事

depend on it 常用于句首或句末，意為“請(qǐng)放心，沒(méi)問(wèn)題”

It/That (all)depends.看情況而定

depend on it that...指望……，對(duì)……不疑,dependable adj.可靠的，可信賴的

dependence n.依靠，依賴，信賴

dependent adj.依靠的，依賴的;視……而定的be dependent on/upon 依靠;隨……而定

例句探源

①(朗文P541)Admission to the university depends only on a student’s performance.

這所大學(xué)的錄取只依據(jù)學(xué)生的成績(jī)。

②(牛津P535)Can we depend on you coming in on Sunday?

我們能指望你星期天來(lái)參加嗎?

③He is a man to be depended upon.他這人靠得住。

④He depends on you to help him.他要依靠你的幫助 。

⑤He depended up on a small incom for his livelihood.他依靠微薄的收入維持生活。

24.一句多譯

你不能指望他能按時(shí)來(lái)。

________________________________________________________________________

答案：(1)You can’t depend on him to come on time.

(2)You can’t depend on his coming on time.

(3)You can’t depend on it that he can come on time.

★25.Asia is important to America because America’s prosperity ________trade with Asia’s growing economies.

A.depends on B.takes off

C.sets up D.breaks out

解析：選A。depend on 依靠，依賴;take off 脫下，取消，(飛機(jī))起飛，(事業(yè))騰飛;set up 建立，架起，創(chuàng)(紀(jì)錄)，提出;break out (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)/火災(zāi)等)突然爆發(fā)。

★26.(2011年安徽蚌埠高三模擬)—How long are you staying?

—I don’t know.________.

A.That’s OK B.Never mind

C.It depends D.It doesn’t matter

解析：選C。句意：“你要呆多久?”“我不知道，視情況而定吧!”It depends.視情況而定。

12. look up　(在詞典或參考書(shū)中)查找

(回歸課本P28)Looking up every new word will certainly be a waste of time.每個(gè)新單詞都去查當(dāng)然會(huì)浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。

歸納拓展

(2)look after 照顧;照料;管理

look back on 回顧;回憶

look down on/upon 俯視;輕視某人

look forward to 盼望

look into 向里看;調(diào)查

look into one’s eyes 直視某人

look up to 向上看;尊敬

look through 瀏覽

look on as 把……看做;認(rèn)為

look out 當(dāng)心

例句探源

高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Robots》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Robots》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

Teaching aims:

1) Learn about robots and science fiction.

2) Develop reading skills by skimming, scanning and careful reading.

Teaching important points:

1.Have students understand the passage well

2.Make students know Claire’s feelings change

Teaching difficult points:

1. How to skim, scan and carefully read the text effectively

2. Grasp Claire’s feelings change in the passage

導(dǎo)學(xué)過(guò)程（Guiding Procedures）:

一、自主預(yù)習(xí)(Preview)：Pre-read the text.

二、課前檢測(cè)（Pre-class test）（協(xié)作探究）

1. Lead in by the title of this unit and ask the following question: What is a robot?

2. Have students discuss in a group: What can robots do?

三、新知導(dǎo)學(xué)（Guiding）：Reading（協(xié)作探究）

ⅠSkimming: (☆)

1. Match the main idea with each part.

Part1 (para1-2) A. The night of the party

Part2 (para3-8) B. Claire’s attitude to the robot and her feeling at the sight of the robot

Part3 (para9-11) C. The result of the experiment

Part4 (para12) D. What Tony did for Claire

2. Larry brought a robot home to_______

A. make his wife happy B. test out the robot

C. send his wife a gift. D. free his wife from housework.

II. Scanning:

1.Choose the best answer: (☆)

① Why didn’t Claire want the robot in her house?

A. Because she didn’t like robots at all.

B. Because she didn’t like the robot’s appearance.

C. Because she was worried about being harmed by the robot.

D. Because the robot looked like a real person.

② We can infer that at the first sigh of Tony, Claire felt alarmed by _____.

A. his appearance

B. his ability

C. his facial expressions

D. his cleverness

③ Tony did the following things to help Claire EXCEPT _______.

A. giving her a new haircut

B. changing her makeup

C. having the house completely transformed and improved

D. going into a jewellery shop to buy her a necklace

④ Which of the following is NOT the reason why Tony opened the curtains?

A. To let other women see everything. B. To show the risk of Claire’s marriage.

C. To let other women envy Claire. D. To make Claire elegant just like her neighbors.

⑤ we can infer from the last paragraph_________

A. the robot proved to be a failure

B. the company was not satisfied with Tony’s report.

C. the robot would go back to help Claire again.

D. the robot had Claire falling in love with him.

2. Answer the following questions: (☆☆)

①What did Tony look like?

________________________________________________________________

②Why did Tony have to be rebuilt?

_________________________________________________________________

Ⅲ.Careful reading

Find how Claire’s emotion developed in the story. (☆☆)

Occasion Claire…

1.Before Tony arrived ①__________ him

2.When Claire first saw Tony was ②__________

3.When he offered to help her dress felt ③__________

4. When he offered to help her

④_________ her house and herself began to trust and

admire him

5.When he helped her deal with the salesman called him a ⑤_______

6.When she ⑥_____ ___a ladder and was

caught by Tony felt his warmth

7.When she heard Gladys whispering

to another woman that she had never

seen anyone so handsome as Tony felt being ⑦_(dá)________

8.When she remembered Tony was

just a machine

⑧________ all night

4． 課堂小結(jié)(Brief summery)

Complete the following passage.

Larry persuaded his wife, Claire, to _______ ______ (試驗(yàn)) a household robot called Tony. Claire is a very emotional (感情上的，感情脆弱的) woman who needs a good friend. She is ________（吸引）by Tony because he is so handsome and sympathetic (有同情心的). He becomes her best friend. She is ________(給…印象) by his abilities but ___________（尷尬的）by her feelings for him. She is disturbed because she thinks of him as a man (even though he is not). But she is amused that other women ________（忌妒）her and think they are having an __________（曖昧關(guān)系）. Finally, Claire succeeds in overcoming her sense of failure, but in doing so falls in love with Tony. Even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be _________(重建).

5. 課后討論（Discussion）

Which law is the story “Satisfaction Guaranteed” based on?

What might happen in a world where there were robots if Asimov’s three laws

did not exist?

6． 作業(yè)布置(Homework)

1.Finish exercises1&2 on page 13.

2.Read the passage again and find some difficult points and the long sentences.

7.課后反思（Self-examination）:

答案：

ⅠSkimming:

1. BDAC 2.B

II. Scanning:

1. Choose the best answer: CADBD

2. Answer the following questions:

① He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice although his facial expressions never changed.

② Tony had to be rebuilt because the company felt that they could not have women falling in love with a robot.

3. Find how Claire’s emotion developed in the story.

①disliked/refused ②alarmed ③embarrassed ④improve

⑤dear ⑥fell off ⑦envied ⑧cried

test out, attracted , impressed embarrassed, envy affair rebuilt

高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Ethnic Culture》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)時(shí)都會(huì)提前最好準(zhǔn)備，教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是教師工作中的一部分。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠聽(tīng)懂教師所講的內(nèi)容，幫助教師在教學(xué)期間更好的掌握節(jié)奏。寫(xiě)好一份優(yōu)質(zhì)的教案要怎么做呢？為了讓您在使用時(shí)更加簡(jiǎn)單方便，下面是小編整理的“高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Ethnic Culture》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)”，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。

高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Ethnic Culture》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

Module 5 Ethnic Culture

Part Two Teaching Resources

第二部分 教學(xué)資源

Section 1 Background Readings for Module 5 Ethnic Culture

1. The Jinuo Ethnic Group: The Jinuo Ethnic Group is made up of around 18,000 people who live in the Jinghong area of Yunnan. Their language is a Chinese-Tibetan language with no written script, but they mostly speak Chinese today. They live by farming, and fishing, and they grow mainly rice, maize and tea. Rice and maize, along with beans, are their staple foods; they eat three meals a day, with lunch being taken on their farmland. They live in large houses made of bamboo on mountain slopes. About 20 or 30 families live on the upper floor of the same house, keeping their animals on the ground floor. The women wear colorful jackets and short black skirts, while the men wear a short white jacket and white or blue trousers. They are known as good singers and dancers, and the drum is a very important instrument for them. In December they have a special Sun-drum Dance, when older people play a special drum and others dance around drum.

2. Ethnic Minorities in the UK: Immigration from countries which were former British colonies means that there are many other ethnic groups in the UK. These are the figures from the 2001 censsus (published 2003). Total UK population: 58,789,194. Ethnic groups: White: 92.1%, Mixed: 1.2%, Asian/Asian British: 4.0%, Black/Black British: 1.8%, Chinese: 0.4%, other: 0.6%.

3. Naxi: With a population of about 278009 (as of 1990), the Naxi ethnic group mainly live in concentrated communities in the Naxi Autonomous County of Lijiang in the Yunnan Province, and the rest are scattered throughout the neighboring counties in Yunnan Province, as well as Yanyuan, Yanbian and Muli counties in Sichuan Province. There is also a small number living in the Mangkang County in the Tibet Autonomous Region.

The Naxi ethnic minority has its own language which belongs to the Yi branch of Tibeto-Burman Austronesian of the Chinese-Tibetan Phylum. The ancient Naxi people created pictographic characters called the "Dongba" script and a syllabic writing known as the "Geba" script. However, they were difficult to master, and in 1957 the government helped the Naxi design an alphabetic script. Due to close contact with the Han people over the past several hundred years, the Naxi people also use the oral and written Chinese to communicate.

According to historical documents, the forefathers of the Naxi people were closely related to a tribe called "Maoniu Yi" in the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD), "Mosha Yi" in the Jin Dynasty (265-420) and "Moxie Yi" in the Tang Dynasty (618-907). The Naxis also had a number of other names. In 1278, the Yuan Dynasty established Lijiang Prefecture representing the imperial court in Yunnan Province. After the founding of the PRC in 1949, following consultation with the ethnic minority, it agreed upon the official name of Naxi ethnic minority.

Agriculture is the main occupation of the Naxi people, together with stockbreeding and handicraft industry. The banks of the Jinsha River are heavily forested, and Yulong Mountain is known at home and abroad as a "flora storehouse". The extensive dense forests contain Chinese fir, Korean pine, Yunnan pine and other valuable trees, as well as many varieties of herbs.

Naxi literature is rich in form and content. The Dongba script created in the seventh century by the Naxi people is the only pictographic characters extant in the world. The Dongba Scripture, a religious work written in the pictographic script, describes the various aspects of life of the Naxi people during their long transition from slavery to feudalism. It is extremely important for the study of Naxi literature, history and religion.

Most Naxi people were followers of the Dongba religion, which is a form of Shamanism. Lamaism, Buddhism, Taoism and Christianity only have limited access to the Lijiang area.

The traditional festivals include the Farm-Tool Fair in January, the God of the Rain Festival in March, and the Mule and Horse Fair in July. There are also the Spring Festival, the Qingming Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-autumn Festival and the Torch Festival -- all being the same as those of the Hans.4. 麗江麗江既是一個(gè)縣又一個(gè)地區(qū)的名稱。麗江地區(qū)現(xiàn)在管轄4個(gè)縣，其中華坪縣是煤炭基地，永勝縣是魚(yú)米之鄉(xiāng)，寧蒗彝族自治縣和麗江納西族自治縣是重點(diǎn)旅游開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)。全區(qū)面積20600平方公里，總?cè)丝?12萬(wàn)，除漢族外，人口較多的還來(lái)納西族、彝族、傈僳族、白族、普米族等10個(gè)少數(shù)民族，人口64萬(wàn)，約占全區(qū)總?cè)丝诘?7%。麗江少數(shù)民族的語(yǔ)言、習(xí)俗、民居、服飾、節(jié)日、歌舞豐富多采，獨(dú)具特色。

麗江壩子, 云南特有民族納西族的主要聚居地，它是滇西北最大的高原盆地，面積近200平方公里，海拔2400米左右。麗江縣城大研鎮(zhèn)就坐落在壩子的中央。人們通常說(shuō)的麗江古城，就是大研鎮(zhèn)的中心，在1997年12月4日它被聯(lián)合國(guó)列入世界文化遺產(chǎn)名單，成為一座世界文化名城。

為什么叫"麗江"呢？ "麗江"一名，始于元朝至元十三年（1276年）設(shè)置行政區(qū)麗江路?！对?地理志》說(shuō)："路因江名。"就是說(shuō)，"麗江"地名的由來(lái)最早起源于金沙江的別稱"麗水"。金沙江就是長(zhǎng)江上游，因產(chǎn)金沙得名。但為什么金沙江又稱"麗水"、"麗江"呢？史書(shū)上的主要說(shuō)法是金沙江源于青藏高原犁牛石，而稱犁水，即犁田的犁，山水的水。昆明大觀樓長(zhǎng)聯(lián)作者孫髯翁就在《金沙江》詩(shī)中寫(xiě)道："劈開(kāi)蕃域斧無(wú)痕，流出犁牛向麗奔"。蕃域即今藏族先民吐蕃居住區(qū)。后因犁、麗聲音相近而異寫(xiě)為麗水、麗江。

從地圖上看，麗江的西、北、東三面都有金沙江環(huán)繞，就像拉丁字母W，形成三大轉(zhuǎn)折奇觀。由此看來(lái)，元世祖忽必烈用此突出的自然實(shí)體取名"麗江"，是很恰當(dāng)?shù)?。麗江就是美麗的金沙江，?dāng)?shù)丶{西語(yǔ)又叫"依古堆"，意為大江轉(zhuǎn)彎的地方。這里就引出了麗江古城的大環(huán)境--玉壁金川。玉壁指的就是玉龍雪山，它位于這個(gè)壩子的北端，像是古城的一堵銀色照壁，把古城映襯得光彩奪目。金川指的就是金沙江，它三面環(huán)繞麗江地區(qū)615公里，堪稱全球最美麗的江段。

麗江縣城雖然地處云南西北高原，終年看見(jiàn)雪山，然而沒(méi)有嚴(yán)寒，沒(méi)有酷暑，不要暖氣，不要空調(diào)。這里年均氣溫?cái)z氏12.6度，最冷的1月平均氣溫約為攝氏6度，最熱月的平均氣溫約為攝氏18度，年溫差僅有12度左右。同時(shí)，麗江出現(xiàn)絕對(duì)低溫和絕對(duì)高溫的次數(shù)比較少，持續(xù)時(shí)間也不會(huì)太長(zhǎng)，所以四季的界限不很明顯。究其原因，主要是低緯度的地理位置，麗江位于北緯27度左右，冬夏兩季日射角度變化小，地面溫度比較均勻；而每年夏秋，又受海洋季風(fēng)暖濕氣流影響，陰雨天多，地面氣溫不易升高；加之縱橫交錯(cuò)的高山成為阻擋北方寒流的天然屏障，所以這晨形成干暖溫和的獨(dú)特氣候。

同時(shí)，麗江工業(yè)不多，自然很少受到污染，空氣清新潔凈，到處青山碧水，四季莊稼生長(zhǎng)，尤其冬春季節(jié)，天空分外湛藍(lán)，陽(yáng)光充足明媚，令人賞心悅目。正是由于麗江的四季不很明顯，立體變化，遇雨成冬，而且晝夜之間的溫差比較大，所以外地客人到麗江后應(yīng)適當(dāng)注意增減衣服，以免引起感冒。

麗江雖然地處偏僻，卻有著悠久的歷史和燦爛的文化。五萬(wàn)年前，已有舊石器晚期智人"麗江人"在此生息。從新石器、青銅器的發(fā)現(xiàn)進(jìn)一步證實(shí)了麗江是云南古人類的搖籃之一。麗江地區(qū)開(kāi)發(fā)較早，公元前109年西漢即設(shè)遂久縣管轄，元初設(shè)置云南37路之一的麗江路，"麗江"一名從此開(kāi)始。元代至清初的470年間，麗江是納西族木氏土司統(tǒng)治區(qū)域中心。

如今的麗江縣，是中國(guó)唯一的納西族自治縣，也是麗江地區(qū)最大的一個(gè)縣，面積7648平方公里，人口約36萬(wàn)，其中納西族占55%。納西族源于中國(guó)古代南遷的氐羌族群，居住在以麗江為中心的滇川藏交界處，總?cè)丝诩s有30萬(wàn)，而麗江縣有20萬(wàn)，占全國(guó)納西族總?cè)丝诘?7%。納西族人口不多，分布不廣，然而卻以古老而豐富的民族文化著稱，有人說(shuō)它是小民族創(chuàng)造大文化。

納西族最為著名的文化特色是"三個(gè)活化石"。所謂"三個(gè)活化石"，即是文字活化石--納西象形文字、音樂(lè)活化石--納西古樂(lè)、人類社會(huì)活化石--摩梭人母系大家庭。創(chuàng)造于唐代的納西東巴文，被稱為世界上唯一活著的象形文字；至今仍在麗江流行的兩套大型古典樂(lè)曲《白沙細(xì)樂(lè)》，被中外音樂(lè)界被為"國(guó)寶"；瀘沽湖畔摩梭人，至今仍保持著母系大家庭和不娶不嫁的阿夏走婚形態(tài)，為世所罕見(jiàn)。

高二英語(yǔ)教案：《Great Scientists》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

Unit 1 Great Scientists

Language Points of Warming and Reading

1. characteristic 【課文原句】

characteristic 1)n..特征;特性

和藹是他的特性之一。Kindness is one of his characteristics.

2) adj.典型的，作為能突出人或者東西的特征的;獨(dú)特的

我聽(tīng)到我朋友那有特色的笑聲。I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh.

常見(jiàn)搭配：be characteristic of 是……的特性

他就是這么遲鈍。Such bluntness is characteristic of him.

2.put forward 【課文原句】

put forward 1)提出(計(jì)劃，主意等)2)推薦，提名 3)(把時(shí)鐘指針)往前撥;將……提前

① 他提出一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃讓全體委員審議。He put forward a plan for the committee to consider.

② as the candidate for the chairman of the committee?

③ 記住今晚把時(shí)鐘指針往前撥。Remember to put your clock forward tonight.

④ 我們已把婚禮提前了一周。We’ve put the wedding forward by one week.

知識(shí)鏈接：put aside 把……放在一邊，把……擱置起來(lái) put away把 ……收起來(lái)，儲(chǔ)蓄

put through 接通電話，完成put back 把……放回原處put down 放下，記下鎮(zhèn)壓

put up 舉起，建造，張貼 put off 推遲 put out熄滅

活學(xué)活用：The workers will go on strike if the demands they are turned down.

A. put aside B. put through C. put forward D. put away

3.conclude vt.&vi.結(jié)束;得出結(jié)論;推斷出;斷定。

1)我們將以國(guó)歌結(jié)束我們的音樂(lè)會(huì)。We will conclude our concert with the National Anthem.

2)從證據(jù)來(lái)看我敢斷定你錯(cuò)了。From the evidence I must conclude that you are wrong.

conclusion n.結(jié)論

come to /reach/arrive at/draw a conclusion 得出結(jié)論

4.expert 【課文原句】

expert 1) adj 內(nèi)行的;老練的;熟練的 常與at或 in連用

根據(jù)專家的建議 according to expert advice

熟練的騎手an expert driver

他善于烹制又好吃又便宜的飯菜。He is expert at/in cooking good cheap meals.

expert 2)n. 專家，能手 常與at或 in/on連用

① 農(nóng)業(yè)/數(shù)學(xué)/心理學(xué)專家 an expert in agriculture/mathematics/psychology

② 凱特是個(gè)幼兒教育專家。Kate is an expert in /at/ on teaching small children.

5.attend vt.&vi. 1)照顧，照料，護(hù)理

①除了Tina.，再無(wú)人照顧他了。There was no one to attend him but Tina.

②哪位護(hù)士在照顧你?Which nurse is attending to you?

2)參加，出席

昨天他沒(méi)有參加會(huì)議。He didn’t attend the meeting yesterday.

知識(shí)鏈接：attendance n.出席，參加 attendant n.侍者，服務(wù)員 attend to 處理，對(duì)付;照料attend school/church 去上學(xué)/ 做禮拜attend a meeting/ a lecture參加會(huì)議/聽(tīng)演講

辨析：attend, join , join in與 take part in

1) attend 出席，參加(會(huì)議、儀式、婚禮等)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)參加者在活動(dòng)中所起的作用。

2) join參加組織、團(tuán)體，并成為其中一員;加入一群人，并和他們一起活動(dòng)

3) join in參加(某活動(dòng))，也可用在 join sb. in sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示加入某人一起做某事

4) take part in參加(某活動(dòng))，并在其中起作用

活學(xué)活用：He told me that he had an important party to that night.

A. attend B. join C. join in D .take part in

6.expose 【課文原句】

expose vt.1)使暴露;使面臨;使處于無(wú)遮蔽或不受保護(hù)的狀態(tài);使受影響;

常見(jiàn)句型：expose sth./sb./oneself to sth

① 留在屋里，不要讓皮膚在太陽(yáng)下暴曬。Keep indoors and don’t expose your skin to the sun.

② 使士兵冒不必要的危險(xiǎn)expose soldiers to unnecessary risks

③ 遭受批評(píng)/嘲笑 expose oneself to criticism/ ridicule

④ 嬰兒被離棄在風(fēng)雨之中。The baby was left exposed to the wind and rain.

⑤ 接觸英語(yǔ)達(dá)六年左右的學(xué)生a student who has been exposed to English for some six years

2)揭露，揭發(fā);暴露;使曝光

① 揭發(fā)陰謀/犯罪行為expose a plot/ crime

② 他說(shuō)了那句不妥的話，暴露了他對(duì)此事的無(wú)知。That unfortunate remark exposed his ignorance of the subject.

③ 使一卷底片曝光expose a reel of film

7.challenge【課文原句】

Challenge 1)n. 挑戰(zhàn)，具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事物。常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)：

face the challenge 遇到問(wèn)題，面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)

accept a challenge接受挑戰(zhàn)

issue/offer a challenge提出挑戰(zhàn)

他接到電視辯論的挑戰(zhàn)。He received a challenge to a TV debate.(常與to連用)

2)v.向挑戰(zhàn)……挑戰(zhàn)challenge sb.to sth.就某事向某人挑戰(zhàn)

①他們向我們提出開(kāi)展友誼競(jìng)賽。They challenge us to a friendly competition.

②他們的學(xué)校向我們學(xué)校挑戰(zhàn)，要進(jìn)行足球比賽。Their school challenged ours to a football match.

8.control 【課文原句】