小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法優(yōu)秀教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2021-04-302013屆中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法介詞考點(diǎn)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)。
每個(gè)老師需要在上課前弄好自己的教案課件,是認(rèn)真規(guī)劃好自己教案課件的時(shí)候了。必須要寫(xiě)好了教案課件計(jì)劃,未來(lái)的工作就會(huì)做得更好!究竟有沒(méi)有好的適合教案課件的范文?以下是小編收集整理的“2013屆中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法介詞考點(diǎn)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)”,供您參考,希望能夠幫助到大家。
介詞
(一)知識(shí)概要?
介詞在英語(yǔ)中用法很活,也無(wú)一定規(guī)律可循。在初中范圍內(nèi)還應(yīng)學(xué)一個(gè)記住一個(gè),特別是那些和動(dòng)詞的特殊搭配。這樣長(zhǎng)期下去不斷學(xué)習(xí)自然會(huì)總結(jié)出一套自己的規(guī)律來(lái)。下面是一般的規(guī)律,可幫助學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)參考,千萬(wàn)不要作為定律去背誦,照搬。?
介詞表示時(shí)間表示地點(diǎn)方位表示原因方式其他
about大約在……時(shí)間?aboutfiveoclock在周?chē)?,大約多遠(yuǎn)?aboutfivekilometres關(guān)于、涉及?
talkaboutyou
above高出某一平面?
abovesealevel
across橫過(guò)walkacrossthestreet對(duì)面acrossthestreet
after在……之后?
aftersupper
跟……后面?
oneafteranother
追趕
runafteryou
against背靠逆風(fēng)?
againstthewall,againstthewind
反對(duì)?
beagainstyou
among三者以上的中間?
amongthetrees
at在某時(shí)刻?
atten
在小地點(diǎn)?
attheschoolgate
表示速度?
athighspeed
向著,對(duì)著?
atme
before在……之前?
beforelunch
位于……之前?
sitbeforeme
behind位于……之后?
behindthetree
below低于……水平?
belowzero
不合格?
belowthestandard
by到……時(shí)刻,在……時(shí)刻之前
?byfiveoclock
緊挨著?
sitebysite
乘坐交通工具?byair,bybick被由?
wasmadebyus
during在……期間duringtheholidays
for延續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?
forfiveyears
向……去?
leaveforShanghai為了,對(duì)于
begoodforyou
from從某時(shí)到……某時(shí)?frommorningtillnight來(lái)自何方?
fromNewYork
由某原料制成bemadefrom
來(lái)自何處?
whereareyoufrom
in在年、月、周較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)?inaweek在里面?
intheroom
用某種語(yǔ)言?inEnglish穿著
inred
into進(jìn)入……里面?
walkinto
除分?
divideinto
變動(dòng)?
turnintowater
near接近某時(shí)?nearfiveyears在……附近?nearthepark
of用某種原料制成?
bemadeof
屬于……性質(zhì)?
amapofU.S.A
on某日、某日的上下午onSundayafternoon在……上面?
onthedesk靠吃……為生liveonrice關(guān)于?abookonPhysics
over渡過(guò)一整段時(shí)間?workovernight在上方
overthedesk
超過(guò),高于?overfivepairs
past超過(guò)某一時(shí)刻?
tenpastfive
經(jīng)過(guò)某地?
walkpastthepark
since從某時(shí)以來(lái)?
since1980
原因?
Sinceyouwereill
through經(jīng)過(guò)某一時(shí)期?throughhislife通過(guò)、穿過(guò)某地?
throughtheforest
till?until直到某時(shí)為止?tillfiveoclock
to差多少時(shí)間?
fivetoten
問(wèn),到,去往?
toShanghai
面對(duì)面?
facetoface
給予giveabooktome
under在……下面?
underthedesk
少于?
underten
在……管制之下undertherule
with用某種工具?withapen帶著,具有
withme
without沒(méi)有?
withoutair
(二)正誤辨析?
[誤]Wegottothetopofthemountainindaybreak.?
[正]Wegottothetopofthemountainatdaybreak.?
[析]at用于具體時(shí)刻之前,如:sunrise,midday,noon,sunset,midnight,night。
[誤]Dontsleepatdaytime??
[正]Dontsleepindaytime.?
[析]in要用于較長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間之內(nèi),如:inthemorning/afternoon,或intheweek/month/year.或inspring/supper/autumn/winter等等。?
[誤]WevisitedtheoldmaninSundayafternoon.?
[正]WevisitedtheoldmanonSundayafternoon.?
[析]inthemorning,intheafternoon如果在這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)中加入任何修飾詞其前面的介詞都要改為on,如:onacoldmorning,onthemorningofJuly14th?
[誤]Hebecameawritterathistwenties??
[正]Hebecameawritterinhistwenties??
[析]這句話應(yīng)譯為:他在20多歲時(shí)就成了作家。在某人的一段生活時(shí)間段中要用介詞in來(lái)表示,而在具體歲數(shù)時(shí)用at來(lái)表示。?
[誤]HewenttoNewYorktofindajobinsixteenyearsold.?
[正]HewenttoNewYorktofindajobatsixteen.?
[析]在具體年歲前用at,如:attheageof12,atyourage,等等。?
[誤]Wewenttoswimintheriverinaveryhotday.?
[正]Wewenttoswimintheriveronaveryhotday.?
[析]具體某一天要用介詞on,又如:onNewYearsDay?
[誤]ImlookingforwardtoseeingyouonChristmas.?
[正]ImlookingforwardtoseeingyouatChristmas.?
[析]在節(jié)日的當(dāng)天用on,而全部節(jié)日期間用at,Christmas是圣誕節(jié)期間,一般要有兩周或更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。?
[誤]Ihaventseeyouduringthesummerholidays.?
[正]Ihaventseenyousincethebeginningofthesummerholidays.?
[析]during表示在某一段時(shí)間之內(nèi),所以一般不與完成時(shí)搭配,如:Ivisitedalotofmuseumsduringtheholiday.而for表示一段時(shí)間,可以用于完成時(shí),如:Ihaventseeyouforalongtime.而through用來(lái)表示時(shí)間時(shí)則為"整整,全部的時(shí)間"。如:Itrainedthroughthenight.?而since則是表達(dá)主句動(dòng)作的起始時(shí)間,一般要與完成時(shí)連用。?
[誤]Atenteringtheclassroom,Iheardthegoodnews.?
[正]Onenteringtheclassroom,Iheardthegoodnews.?
[析]On加動(dòng)名詞表示"一……就"。本句的譯文應(yīng)是:我一進(jìn)入教室就聽(tīng)見(jiàn)這個(gè)好消息了。又如:onhearing…一聽(tīng)見(jiàn),onarrival一到達(dá)就……(on表示動(dòng)作的名詞)?
[誤]Inthebeginningofthebook,therearesomeinterestingstories.?
[正]Atthebeginningofthebook,therearesomeinterestingstories.?
[析]atthebegining與attheend都是指某事物的開(kāi)始與結(jié)束部分,均不指時(shí)間范圍,而inthebeginning則是指開(kāi)始一段時(shí)間。intheend=atlast是指"最終,終于"之意。?
[誤]Tilltheendofnextweek.Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.?
[正]Bytheendofnextweek.Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.?
[析]by引起的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示了動(dòng)作的截止點(diǎn),其意思為"不遲于某一時(shí)刻將工作做完",所以主句一般是完成時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)然可以有將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),如:Illbetherebyfiveoclock.而till則表達(dá)其一動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻,但句中的動(dòng)詞一定要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,而瞬間的截止性動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用其否定句式,如:Iwontfinishthisworktill(until)nextweekend.?
[誤]HecametoLondonbeforelastweekend.?
[正]HehadcometoLondonbeforelastweekend.?
[正]HecametoLondontwoweeksago.?
[析]before一般要與完成時(shí)連用,而ago則與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用。?
[誤]IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearsginceIhadcomehere.?
[正]IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearssinceIcamehere.?
[析]since用來(lái)表達(dá)主句動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始時(shí)間,所以其引出的從句中應(yīng)為過(guò)去時(shí),而不能用完成時(shí)態(tài)
[誤]Icanhelpyourepairthisbike.Youwillgetitaftertwohours.?
[正]Icanhelpyourepairthisbike.Youwillgetitintwohours.?
[析]中文經(jīng)常講兩小時(shí)之后來(lái)取,兩天內(nèi)會(huì)修好,而這個(gè)介詞在英文中要用in而不要用after。其原因有二,①after多用于過(guò)去時(shí),如:IarrivedinNewYork.Afterthreedays,Ifoundajobinthebank.②after加時(shí)間是表達(dá)一個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間范圍,如:afterthreedays,即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在許諾若干時(shí)間內(nèi)會(huì)完成某事時(shí),一定要用介詞in。?
[誤]Threedaysafterhedied.?
[正]Afterthreedayshedied.?
[正]Threedayslaterhedied.?
[析]after與later都可以用來(lái)表達(dá)一段時(shí)間之后,但它們所處的位置不同,after在時(shí)間詞前,而later在時(shí)間詞后。?
[誤]Shehidherselfafterthetree.?
[正]Shehidherselfbehindthetree.?
[析]after多用來(lái)表達(dá)某動(dòng)作之后,所以有的語(yǔ)法書(shū)中稱它為動(dòng)態(tài)介詞,如:Irunafterhim.Afterfinishingmyhomework,Iwenttoseeafilm.而behind則多用于靜態(tài)事物之后。?
[誤]Thereisabeautifulbirdonthetree.?
[正]Thereisabeautifulbirdinthetree.?
[析]樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)出的果實(shí),樹(shù)葉要用on,而其他外來(lái)的人、物體均要用inthetree.?
[誤]ShanghaiisontheeastofChina.?
[正]ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.?
[析]在表達(dá)地理位置時(shí)有3個(gè)介詞:in,on,to。in表示在某范圍之內(nèi);on表示與某地區(qū)接壤;to則表示不相接。如:JapanistotheeastofChina.?
[誤]IarrivedatNewYorkonJuly2nd.?
[正]IarrivedinNewYorkonJuly2nd.?
[析]at用來(lái)表達(dá)較小的地方,而in用來(lái)表達(dá)較大的地方。at常用于attheschoolgate,athome,atabusstop,atthestation,atthecinema,atasmallvillage。?
[誤]HelivedinNo.3BeijingRoad.?
[正]HelivedatNo.3BeijingRoad.?
[析]在門(mén)牌號(hào)碼前要用at,并要注意它的慣用法:attheendofthestreet,atthefootofthemountain,atthetopofthepage。?
[誤]ThereisacolourTVsetatthecornerofthehall.
[正]ThereisacolourTVsetinthecornerofthehall.?
[析]在屋內(nèi)的角落應(yīng)用in,而墻的外角用at,如:Thereisatreeatthecornerofthestreet.?
[誤]ThisweekendIllstayinUncleWangs.?
[正]ThisweekendIllstayatUncleWangs.?
[析]要注意英文的特殊表達(dá)法,如:atatailorsshop(裁縫店)=atatailors,?atthedoctors(去看病)atthebooksellers(在書(shū)店)atuncleWangs(在王叔叔家)
[誤]Doyouknowthereissomegoodnewsontodaysnewspaper??
[正]Doyouknowthereissomegoodnewsintodaysnewspaper??
[析]在報(bào)紙上的新聞要用in,而在具體某一版上,或某一頁(yè)上則要用on。?
[誤]TheschoolwillbeginonSeptember1st.?
[正]SchoolwillbeginonSeptember1st.?
[析]這里的school應(yīng)看作不可數(shù)名詞泛指學(xué)校的課程,即開(kāi)學(xué)之意。要注意,有些活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所當(dāng)表達(dá)正在從事該種活動(dòng)時(shí)不要加冠詞,如:attable(吃飯),WhenIcametoTomshome,theywereattable.還有:atdesk(學(xué)習(xí)),atwork(工作)atschool(上學(xué)),inhospital(住醫(yī)院)atchurch作禮拜?如加上定冠詞則另有他意,如:attheschool即在學(xué)校工作或辦事,inthehospital即在醫(yī)院工作或去看望病人。?
[誤]Inmywaytothestation,Iboughtanewspapertokilltime.?
[正]Onmywaytothestation,Iboughtanewspapertokilltime.?
[析]譯文為:在去車(chē)站的路上我買(mǎi)了份報(bào)紙,為的是消磨時(shí)光?"在……的路上"應(yīng)用ononesway…。而intheway有擋道之意,如:Pleasemovethechairitisintheway。
[誤]Look,thedoorisopen,Maybesomeonebrokeinto.?
[正]Look,thedoorisopen,Maybesomeonebrokein.?
[正]Look,thedoorisopen,Maybesomeonebrokeintotheoffice.?
[析]in是表達(dá)一個(gè)靜止?fàn)顟B(tài),在與break連用時(shí)其后不加介詞賓語(yǔ),而into則是動(dòng)態(tài)介詞,與break連用時(shí)要加介詞賓語(yǔ)。?
[誤]IllleaveBeijingtoShanghaitomorrow.?
[正]IllleaveBeijingforShanghai.?
[正]IllleaveforShanghai.?
[析]leavefor是離開(kāi)某地去某處的固定搭配,不可將for改為別的介詞。這樣的搭配還有:startfor動(dòng)身前往某處,setoutfor,sailfor。?
[誤]Imsorry.Ihavetogetoutthebusatnextstop.?
[正]Imsorry.Ihavetogetoutofthebusatnextstop.?
[析]getin,與getout是兩個(gè)相反的詞組。getin為上車(chē),而getout為下車(chē),但語(yǔ)法家認(rèn)為這里的in與out為副詞,所以其后不能接名詞,我們可以講Wedbettergetin.或Wedbettergetout.還有一組詞組有關(guān)上下車(chē):geton/off(atrain,aship,astruck)getinto/outof(acar,taxi…)?
[誤]Becareful?Thetemperatureofthewaterisninetydegreesoverzero.
[正]Becareful.Thetemperatureofthewaterisninetydegreesabovezero.
[析]over與above在作為比某物高的意思時(shí)有時(shí)可以互換。但在垂直方向上的高矮時(shí),即正上方時(shí)則要用above.而泛指上方時(shí)用over.?
[誤]Thereisanoldstonebridgeabovetheriver.?
[正]Thereisanoldstonebridgeovertheriver.?
[析]over還有一意為"跨越,橫跨"。?
[誤]TheDeadSeaisunderthesealevel.?
[正]TheDeadSeaisbelowthesealevel.?
[析]在垂直下方要用below.?也就是講above與below互為反意詞,over與under也是反意詞。
[誤]Thereisabigtreeinthefrontofthehouse.?
[正]Thereisabigtreeinfrontofthehouse.?
[析]infrontof是在物體外部的前面,而inthefrontof是在物體內(nèi)部的前面,如:Thedriversitsinthefrontofthebus.?
[誤]Ittookthemtwodaystowalkacrosstheforest.?
[正]Ittookthemtwodaystowalkthroughtheforest.?
[析]across作為介詞有兩個(gè)主要意思:①橫過(guò),如:Iwanttowalkacrossthestreet.②對(duì)面,如:Thereisapostofficeacrossthestreet,而through多用于三維空間中的穿越。across則多用于平面上的橫過(guò)。如:Thelittlegirlranacrosstheroomtomeethermother.?
[誤]Thesunsetstowardthewest.?
[正]Thesunsetsinthewest.?
[析]towards也可用作toward,它主要表達(dá)朝向某方向運(yùn)動(dòng),但不一定到達(dá),如:Herantoward(s)themountain.而在表示方位east,west,north,south時(shí),其前面要用in。要注意的是這4個(gè)詞可以用作副詞,如:Iwentsouth.也可用作名詞,如:Iwenttothesouth.也可用作形容詞,如:IwenttothesouthpartofChina.?
[誤]Doyouhavenootherclothesexceptthose??
[正]Doyouhavenootherclothesbesidesthose??
[析]beside是"在……旁邊",如:Thestudentsstoodbesidetheirteachers.而besides是"除……之外,不僅……而且……,除了……以外還有……",如:IstudiedEnglishbesidesFrench,whenIwasincollege.而except則是從同一類物體中去掉某一部分,如:IcomehereeverydayexceptSunday.而exceptfor是指去掉不同種類的事物,如:Theroomiscleanexceptfortwochairs.而exceptthat則要加從句。?
[誤]CanIwritetheexampaperwithink??
[正]CanIwritetheexampaperwithapen??
[正]CanIwritetheexampaperinink??
[析]with后要加拿得起來(lái)放得下的工具,而墨水、顏料等原料則要用in。?
[誤]Imearliertoday.Icameherebyhiscar.?
[正]Imearliertoday.Icamehereinhiscar.?
[析]在交通工具前加介詞by,但不能再有任何指示代詞或冠詞,否則要改換相應(yīng)的介詞。?bytaxi=inataxi
bytrain=inatrain
bybicycle=onabicycle?
byship=onaship
byboat=inaboat
bybus=onabus?
byplane=onaplane
byair空運(yùn)
byland陸運(yùn)?
bysea海運(yùn)
onfootonhorseback?
byphonebyletterbyradio?
byairmailbyhand?
[誤]AlotofFrenchwinesaremadeofgrape.?
[正]AlotofFrenchwinesaremadefromgrape.?
[析]madeof是指由原材料到成品過(guò)程中原材料未發(fā)生質(zhì)地的變化,而發(fā)生了某種變化則要用from,如:Thedeskwasmadeofhardwood.?
[誤]ThisisagooddictionaryinEnglishgrammar.?
[正]ThisisagooddictionaryonEnglishgrammar.?
[析]關(guān)于某方面的書(shū)籍、報(bào)告等有兩個(gè)介詞,其中on表示某專業(yè)用書(shū),about則為某方面的普通讀物,如:Thisisabookaboutphysics.即物理科普知識(shí)。?
[誤]Doyouhavethekeyofthedoor.?
[正]Doyouhavethekeytothedoor.?
[析]keytothedoor門(mén)的鑰匙。相同用法還有answertothequestion,entrancetothehighway,dangertohealth.千萬(wàn)不要用of。?
[誤]TodayalotofChinesepeoplehaveinterestofcollectingstamps.?
[正]TodayalotofChinesepeoplehaveinterestincollectingstamps.?
[析]haveinterestin是在某方面有興趣。?
[誤]Ididntdomyhomework,sotheteacherwasangrytome.?
[正]Ididntdomyhomework,sotheteacherwasangrywithme.?
[析]beangrywith其后接人,而beangryat其后接事。如:Hewasangryatwhatshesaid.?
[誤]Hewasgoodforskating.?
[正]Hewasgoodatskating.?
[析]begoodat為"擅長(zhǎng)某事",而begoodforsomebody為對(duì)某人很好。?
[誤]Itwasgoodtoyoutohelpmylittleboy.?
[正]Itwasgoodofyoutohelpmylittleboy.?
[析]這句話應(yīng)譯為:你真太好了,幫助了我的小孩。而begoodtosomebody是對(duì)某人態(tài)度好。如:Hermotherisgoodtoeveryone.?
[誤]Myparentswereverypleasedatme.?
[正]Myparentswereverypleasedwithme.?
[正]Myparentswereverypleasedatmystudying.?
[析]bepleasedwith后加somebody,而bepleasedat后加something。?
[誤]Heisagreewithme.?
[正]Heagreeswithme.?
[誤]Heagainstsme.?
[正]Heisagainstme.?
[析]同意agree為動(dòng)詞,而反對(duì)against則為介詞。在使用中一定要注意。?
[誤]Ihaventheardlettersfromhim.?
[正]Ihaventheardfromhim.?
[析]hearfrom即為:從某人處得到信件。不要再加letter了。?
[誤]Teacher.MayIcallatyouthisweekend??
[正]Teacher.MayIcallonyouthisweekend??
[析]作為"拜訪"講callat其后接地點(diǎn),如:MayIcallatyourhomethisweekend?而callon其后接人。?
[誤]Doyouknowthegirlonwhite??
[正]Doyouknowthegirlinwhite??
[析]inwhite為穿一身白。與in有關(guān)的詞組有:inbed(睡覺(jué)),inhospital(住院),inahurry(匆匆忙忙),indanger(危險(xiǎn)中),injoy(高興),ingoodhealth(身體好),inlove(戀愛(ài)),introuble(困境),與之相反的是outof,如:outoftrouble(擺脫困境),outofdate(過(guò)時(shí)了),outoforder(出故障)?
[誤]Helookedatmeatsurprise.?
[正]Helookedatmeinsurprise.?
[析]surprise的用法一般有三種。①用于句首,Toonessurprise,如:Tomysurprisehesucceeded.②besurprisedat,如:Iwassurprisedatthenews.③用于句尾insurprise.?
[誤]Shedidntcometoschoolbecauseofshewasill.?
[正]Shedidntcometoschoolbecauseshewasill.?
[析]becauseof后接名詞,如:Thegamewasputoffbecauseoftherain.?
(三)例題解析?
1?-Thankyou___thebeautifulflowers!?
-Notatall.?
A?inB?onC?atD?for?
[答案]D.?
[析]由于某事向某人道謝應(yīng)用for。?
2?Canyouanswerthisquestion___English??
A?byB?inC?withD?from
?
[答案]B.?
[析]in表示用語(yǔ)言、聲音、或材料,如:Heansweredthequestioninalowvoice.
3?Look___themap___China___thewall,please.?
A?after,of,inB?at,of,in
C?after,in,onD?at,of,on?
[答案]D.?
[析]lookat為"看",而onthewall為"在墻表面掛著",而inthewall則是"在墻內(nèi)",如:Thereisholeinthewall.墻上有個(gè)洞。?
4?-WhendidMrGreenarriveinLondon??
-Hearrivedthere___theeveningofDecember6th.?
A?atB?inC?onD?to
[答案]C.?
[析]intheevening/afternoon這兩個(gè)詞組不論是在其前或后加上任何修飾詞都應(yīng)將介詞換為on,如:onacoldmorning,onaspringmorning等。?
5?Wewontherelayrace.Andtherewasabigsmile___ourteachersface.?
A?offB?nearC?onD?between
[答案]C.?
6?Thetwinsgotonwell___theirclassmates.?
A?toB?inC?withD?about
?
[答案]C.?
[析]getonwellwith與人相處很好。?
7?-Pleaseremembertocometomybirthdayparty.?
-Isee.Illcome___Saturdayevening.?
A?inB?atC?onD?for
?
[答案]C.?
8? Letshurry,orwellbelate___school??
A? toB? atC? withD? for
?
[答案]D.?
[析]belatefor,而comelateto,如:Dontcomelatetoschool??
9? Theywillhaveamathstest___twodays??
A? forB? atC? inD? after
?
[答案]C.?
[析]三天之內(nèi)應(yīng)用in,而不要受中文影響用after,afterthreedays是個(gè)不定的時(shí)間范圍,即沒(méi)有一個(gè)準(zhǔn)確的時(shí)間。5天、6天、10天全是afterthreedays。?
10? Mybrotherjoinedthearmy___??
A? 1989,MarchB? inMarch,1989
C? March,1989D? 1989,inMarch?
[答案]B.?
[析]在月份、年、前用介詞in,而日子前用on。?
11? Hecouldntworkoutthemathsproblem___yourhelp??
A? withoutB? underC? forD? with
?
[答案]A.?
[析]在某人幫助下應(yīng)用with,如:WiththehelpoftheteacherIpassedtheexameasily? 而要是沒(méi)有你的幫助則用withoutyourhelp??
12? Grannytookonelookatus___h(yuǎn)erglasses??
A? byB? throughC? onD? in
?
[答案]B.?
[析]through為穿過(guò)……。?
13? Wehadourbreakfast___aquarter___seven??
A? /,toB? in,toC? at,toD? on,to
?
[答案]C.?
[析]具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)前用at,而差幾分幾點(diǎn)用to,這里應(yīng)譯為:我在差一刻七點(diǎn)吃的早飯。
14? IlearnFrench___theradioeveryday??
A? onB? inC? fromD? at
?
[答案]A.?
[析]從收音機(jī)中聽(tīng)到某事應(yīng)用詞組ontheradio。?
15? Itsgoodmannerstowait___line??
A? inB? onC? atD? with
?
[答案]A.?
[析]inline為排隊(duì)。?
16? HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearnt___lastterm??
A? bytheendofB? attheendof
C? totheendofD? tilltheendof?
[答案]A.?
[析]bytheendof為動(dòng)作的截止時(shí)間,與完成時(shí)態(tài)相配合?
17? Themanagerwasverysatisfied___h(yuǎn)iswork??
A? inB? onC? aboutD? with
?
[答案]D.?
[析]besatisfiedwith為固定搭配。?
18? JohnhitJack___face??
A? ontheB? intheC? onhisD? inhis
?
[答案]B.?
[析]英文中的某些動(dòng)詞其后要接人,然后加介詞+the+身體部位,如:Hecaughttheboybythearm。?
19? Iwasborn___thenight___September15,1978?
?A? in,onB? at,onC? at,inD? on,of?
[答案]D.?
[析]在時(shí)間前加介詞時(shí)應(yīng)以最小的時(shí)間單位為準(zhǔn)。?
20? Itsabadmannertolaugh___peoplewhentheyare___trouble??
A? over,inB? at,inC? in,atD? at,for
?
[答案]B.?
[析]laughat嘲笑某人,laughover笑著談?wù)撃橙嘶蚰呈?,introuble陷入困境。
21? Icantdothisworkwell___Tomshelp??
A? underB? forC? withoutD? from
?
[答案]C.?
22? Dontshout___theoldwoman。? Youshouldbemorepolite___h(yuǎn)er?
A? to,atB? at,toC? in,forD? from,for
?
[答案]B.?
[析]shoutat為"沖某人喊叫",而bepolitetosomebody為"對(duì)某人和氣。"?
23? Wemustbestrict___ourselves___everything?
A? with,inB? in,withC? with,toD? to,of
?
[答案]A.?
[析]bestrictwith對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格要求。?
24? Hewenttothefootballmatch___lunchlastSunday??
A? toB? withoutC? behindD? between
?
[答案]B.?
[析]withoutlunch未吃午飯。?
25? ThepeoplesRepublicofChinawasfounded___1949
A? withB? onC? sinceD? in
?
[答案]D.?
[析]在年代前用in。因句子是過(guò)去時(shí)而不是完成時(shí),所以不能用since。?
26? MrBlackgottoHangzhou___afewdays??
A? inB? afterC? onD? at
?
[答案]B.?
[析]這句話應(yīng)譯為:幾天之后Mr? Black到達(dá)了杭州。而不是在幾天之內(nèi)一定要做完某事,所以選B。?
27? -Hastheteachergivenyouanyadvice___yourEnglishstudy??
-Yes,hehas??
A? fromB? withC? onD? in
?
[答案]C.?
[析]給予某一方面問(wèn)題的忠告其介詞用on。?
28? Youmaydepend___h(yuǎn)im? Heis___h(yuǎn)onestman??
A? on,aB? in,anC? on,anD? at,the
?
[答案]C.?
[析]dependon為"依靠某人或某事",而honest的首字母h不發(fā)音。?
29??。撸撸適yjoy,Icananswerthisquestion??
A? WithB? ToC? ByD? For
?
[答案]B.?
[析]Toonesjoy意為"使我高興的是。"?
30? Theteacheraskedthestudentstolook___thewordinthedictionary?
A? forB? atC? upD? after
?
[答案]C.?
[析]lookfor尋找,lookat看,lookafter照顧,lookup查字典。?
31? Alittlemonkeyisplaying___atreeandtherearealotofbananas___it
A? on,onB? in,onC? on,inD? in,in
?
[答案]B.?
[析]樹(shù)上長(zhǎng)出的果實(shí)為onthetree? 而其他外來(lái)之物要用inthetree,表達(dá)在樹(shù)上。?
32?Igotoschool___buseverymorning.
?A.inB.byC.onD.atw
?[答案]B.
?[析]by后直接加交通工具,表示乘某種交通工具去某地。
?33?Noonelikesaperson___badmanners.
?A.withoutB.onC.outofD.with
?[答案]D.
?[析]withbadmanners有不良習(xí)慣的人。
?34?Thepolicemanwassurprised___thenews.
?A.intoB.forC.atD.outof
?[答案]C.
?[析]besurprisedat對(duì)某事吃驚。
?35?Hehadtosellnewspapers___seven.
?A.atanageofB.attheagesofC.attheageofD.atageof
?[答案]C.
?[析]attheageof在幾歲時(shí)。
?36?Thelittlegirlcouldnthelp___whenshesawalargedog.
?A.criedB.tocryC.cryingD.cries
?[答案]C.
?[析]couldnthelp+動(dòng)名詞表示情不自禁地去做某事,或禁不住做某事。
?37?Jackwasborn___M(jìn)arch1st,1978.
?A.onB.inC.atD.of
?[答案]A.
?[析]日期,時(shí)間前的介詞按其表達(dá)語(yǔ)中的最小單位計(jì)算。
?38?Edisonwasveryinterested___sciencewhenhewasaboy.
?A.toB.onC.inD.about
?[答案]C.
?[析]beinterestedinsomething對(duì)某事感興趣。
?39?Theteacherwasverysatisfied___h(yuǎn)eranswer.?
A.inB.onC.forD.with
?[答案]D.
?40?Thestoryhappened___Beijing.
?A.inB.withC.forD.on
?[答案]A.
相關(guān)閱讀
2013年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法連詞考點(diǎn)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)
教案課件是老師不可缺少的課件,大家應(yīng)該要寫(xiě)教案課件了。在寫(xiě)好了教案課件計(jì)劃后,這樣接下來(lái)工作才會(huì)更上一層樓!你們到底知道多少優(yōu)秀的教案課件呢?以下是小編為大家收集的“2013年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法連詞考點(diǎn)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)”希望對(duì)您的工作和生活有所幫助。
連詞(一)知識(shí)概要?
連詞是一種在句子與句子之間,短語(yǔ)之間以及名詞等其他詞語(yǔ)之間起連接作用的虛詞,它不能單獨(dú)作句子的成份。按其意義可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞兩大類。?并列連詞連接的雙方是對(duì)等的。常有的并列連詞有and,both…and,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,aswellas等。但如果連接的兩部分意義不趨向一致,意義有轉(zhuǎn)折的并列連詞有:but,however,while(而),only(只不過(guò))。還有表示選擇關(guān)系的并列連詞,如:or,orelse,otherwise…再有的是連接雙方,互為因果,或表示前因后果的連詞有:for,so,therefore(因此),then等。?從屬連詞在初中范圍內(nèi)常常用來(lái)連接名詞性從句,如:that,if,whether,其次用來(lái)連接狀語(yǔ)從句。其中有原因狀語(yǔ)從句,常用的連接詞有:whenwhile,as,since,before,after,once,assoonas,until,till連接條件狀語(yǔ)的連詞有:if,unless,aslongas等,而原因狀語(yǔ)的連接詞有because,since,as,nowthat(既然)。目的、結(jié)果、方式、比較、地點(diǎn)等狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有:sothat,so…that,such…that,as…as,than,where…它們?cè)诰渥优c文章中幾乎無(wú)處不見(jiàn)。?具體用法見(jiàn)下表。?
連詞用法一覽表
種類功用例句
并列連詞連接具有并列關(guān)系的詞HeknowsneitherEnglishnorFrench.
短語(yǔ)Areyougoingbybusoronfoot?
分句Marywasagoodgirl,butshehadoneshortcoming.
從屬連詞引導(dǎo):狀語(yǔ)從句Illdoitasyoutoldme.
Youwillbelateunlessyouhurry.
連接代詞和連接副詞主語(yǔ)從句Whathesaidprovedtrue.
Whenwellstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.
表語(yǔ)從句Thisiswhyhedidntcomeyesterday.
Thatiswherehelives.
賓語(yǔ)從句ThemanaskedmewhichIlikedbest.?
Icantunderstandwhysheissolate.
關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞定語(yǔ)從句Nicotineisadrugthatgetsoneintothehabitofsmoking.?
HecamelastnightwhenIwasout.
(二)正誤辨析?
[誤]Bothmyparentsarenothere.Theywenttotheconcertjustnow.?
[正]Neitherofmyparentsishere.Theywenttotheconcertjustnow.?
[析]在英語(yǔ)中both一般用于肯定句中,如用于否定句中,其意義也不同于漢語(yǔ),如:Bothofusarenotright.在英語(yǔ)中應(yīng)被理解為"我們倆不都對(duì)。"而Neitherofusisright。才能被理解為"我們倆無(wú)一正確"。?
[誤]Heorhisparentshassometicketsforthefilm.?
[正]Heorhisparentshavesometicketsforthefilm.?
[析]由or連接兩主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與相臨近的那一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。?
[誤]Youshouldstudyhard,andyouwontpasstheexam.?
[正]Youshouldstudyhard,oryouwontpasstheexam.?
[析]or作為連詞,這里的意思為"否則"。又如:Hurryup,oryoullbelateforschool.
[誤]Thoughheispoor,butheisreadytohelpothers.?
[正]Thoughheispoor,heisreadytohelpothers.?
[正]Heispoor,butheisreadytohelpothers.?
[析]"雖然……但是"是中文中的常用結(jié)構(gòu),但在英文中用了"雖然"則不要用"但是",用了"但是"則不能再用"雖然",二者只可用其一。?
[誤]EitheryouorIareonduty.?
[正]EitheryouorIamonduty.?
[析]either…or連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與相臨近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)相呼應(yīng),這也叫作就近原則。類似的用法還有or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等。?
[誤]TomisourEnglishteacherandteachingEnglishinourschoolnow.?
[正]TomisourEnglishteacherandisteachingEnglishinourschoolnow.?
[析]并列句中常常在后面的句子中作一些省略,以免重復(fù),但不是所有詞都可作任意的省略的。當(dāng)你連接的是兩個(gè)系動(dòng)詞時(shí),后面的那個(gè)系動(dòng)詞不可省略,也就是講連接的部分不可省略。?
[誤]Myfatherlikesswimmingandtocollectstamps.?
[正]Myfatherlikesswimmingandcollectingstamps.?
[析]由并列連詞連接的兩個(gè)部分要保持相等的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。如是動(dòng)名詞則都用動(dòng)名詞,如用不定式則都應(yīng)用不定式,這是初學(xué)者要注意的一點(diǎn)。?
[誤]Myfatherisreadinganewspaper,Iamdoingmyhomework.?
[正]MyfatherisreadinganewspaperwhileIamdoingmyhomework.?
[析]兩個(gè)并列句中間不可用逗號(hào)連接,要用并列連詞來(lái)連接。?
[誤]MyfatheraskedmethatifIwantedtolearnhowtodrive.?
[正]MyfatheraskedmeifIwantedtolearnhowtodrive.?
[析]賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞只能有一個(gè)不能重復(fù)使用。?
[誤]WewillgobothtoBeijingandShanghai.?
[正]WewillgotobothBeijingandShanghai.?
[析]用both…and…作連接詞時(shí),其相連接的部分結(jié)構(gòu)也要相同。?
[誤]NotonlyMarybutalsoherbrothersisgoingtodance.?
[正]NotonlyMarybutalsoherbrothersaregoingtodance.?
[析]由notonly…butalso…連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),其重點(diǎn)在其后面的那一個(gè)主語(yǔ),所以謂語(yǔ)形式應(yīng)采用就近原則。?
[誤]Theteacheraswellashisstudentsarecoming.?
[正]Theteacheraswellashisstudentsiscoming.?
[析]由aswellas連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與aswellas后面的名詞無(wú)關(guān),而與前面的名詞相一致。?
[誤]Tomdoesnotswimnorplayfootball.?
[正]Tomdoesnotswimorplayfootball.?
[析]nor主要用于連接句子的對(duì)等連詞,如在否定句中連接某一部分時(shí)要用or,但要注意句子的含意,如:Thisanimaldoesnotlikeacoworahorse.這個(gè)動(dòng)物既不像牛也不像馬。Thisanimaldoesnotlikeacowbutahorse.這個(gè)動(dòng)物不像牛而像馬。?
[誤]Forthereisnolightintheclassroom.Thestudentsmusthavegonehome.
[正]Thestudentsmusthavegonehome,forthereisnolightintheclassroom.
[析]由for引出的原因狀語(yǔ)從句在使用時(shí)要注意不能將該從句置于句首,而應(yīng)置于主句之后,并在主句與從句之間加一逗號(hào)。更要注意的是because,as,since與for4個(gè)表示原因的連詞中because是因果關(guān)系,是最強(qiáng)的一個(gè),而for是最弱的一個(gè)。有些語(yǔ)法書(shū)中干脆把for叫做并列連詞
[誤]MybrotherwillpasstheEnglishexamisnoquestion.?
[正]ThatmybrotherwillpasstheEnglishexamisnoquestion.?
[析]主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that是不可省略的。這一點(diǎn)不要和賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞相提并論。
[誤]Thismapwillshowyouhowwillyougettothehotel.?
[正]Thismapwillshowyouhowyouwillgettothehotel.
[析]名詞性從句作賓語(yǔ)從句使用時(shí),最重要的一點(diǎn)是要用陳述語(yǔ)句。特別要注意的是那些使用雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,如:tell,ask,show…?
[誤]Whiletheclockstruchten,allthelightswentout.?
[正]Whentheclockstruckten,allthelightswentout.?
[析]while是強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作在同時(shí)進(jìn)行中,如:WhileIamdoingmyhomework,myfatherisreadinganewspaper.而這里的when是"正當(dāng)某某時(shí)刻","就在這一時(shí)間點(diǎn)上",其重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)在某一特定時(shí)刻某動(dòng)作的發(fā)生。?
[誤]WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreetyesterday,Imetanoldfriend.?
[正]WhenIwaswalkingalongthestreetyesterday,Imetanoldfriend.?
[析]這里用when表達(dá)在一個(gè)動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行中,另一個(gè)動(dòng)作突然發(fā)生了。正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作用一進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),而突然發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用一般時(shí)態(tài)。?
[誤]WhileIheardthebadnewsIfeltsad.?
[正]WhenIheardthebadnews,Ifeltsad.?
[析]while不能表達(dá)一點(diǎn)兒的時(shí)間,即瞬時(shí)某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)。?
[誤]Afterschoolsomestudentsplayfootball,orothersgotothelibrary.
[正]Afterschoolsomestudentsplayfootball,whileothersgotothelibrary.
[析]while在此處意為"而,然而"。?
[誤]Shesangwhenshewalkedalongthedarkstreet.?
[正]Shesangasshewalkedalongthedarkstreet.?
[析]as用于句中時(shí),其要點(diǎn)是強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的同時(shí)進(jìn)行。這里用when雖然不能講是語(yǔ)法上的錯(cuò)誤,但則看不出來(lái)小女孩因獨(dú)自走黑暗的街道因害怕而唱歌的心情。?
[誤]Ifinishedmyhomeworkuntiltwelveoclocklastnight.?
[正]Ididntfinishedmyhomeworkuntiltwelveoclocklastnight.?
[正]Ididmyhomeworkuntiltwelveoclocklastnight.
[析]until用在句中時(shí)其含義是某一動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到某時(shí)結(jié)束,那么句中的動(dòng)詞則一定要用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,如果要用瞬間,或截止性動(dòng)詞時(shí)一定要用否定句式。因截止性動(dòng)作的否定式應(yīng)看作是持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作。如離開(kāi)leave是瞬間動(dòng)作,因一出門(mén)即為離開(kāi)了,而不離開(kāi)則是長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的。?
[誤]IhavestudiedEnglishwhenIwastwelve.?
[正]IhavestudiedEnglishsinceIwastwelve.?
[析]since引出的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句是表達(dá)了一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn),而這個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)是主句動(dòng)作的啟始點(diǎn),所以主句一般要用完成時(shí)態(tài)。?
[誤]Becausehedidntstudyhard,sohedidntpasstheexam.?
[正]Hedidntpasstheexambecausehedidntstudyhard.?
[析]because與so在英文中兩者不能并用的,只能在句中用其一。?
[誤]Hewassuchexcitedthathecouldnotspeak.
[正]Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotspeak.?
[析]so與such的用法可以分為四種情況,①用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前,其格式是such+不定冠詞+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,如:Itissuchabeautifulbookthateverychildlikesit.也可以用so,其格式是so+形容詞+不定冠詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,如:Itwassobeautifulabookthateverychildlikesit.②在不可數(shù)名詞前或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前這時(shí)只能用such,如:Itissuchgoodweatherthatwewanttoswim.又如:Theyaresuchgoodstudentsthattheycanpasstheexameasily.③在few,little,much,many這4個(gè)字前只能用so而不能用such,如:IhavesomuchmoneythatIcanbuyeverythingIwant.④當(dāng)that前只有形容詞或副詞時(shí),這時(shí)只能用so,如:Sheissobeautifulthateveryonelikesher.HeransofastthatIcouldntkeepupwithhim.?
[誤]Hegotupearlierthismorningsoastothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.
[正]Hegotupearlierthismorningsoastocatchthefirstbus.?
[正]Hegotupsoearlierthathecouldcatchthefirstbus.?
[析]so…that與sothat的用法有相同之處,那就是其后接從句,而soasto其后要接不定式,即動(dòng)詞原形。這樣的詞組還有:inorderto。?
[誤]Iwanttobuysamestampthatyouhave.?
[正]Iwanttobuythesamestampasyouhave.?
[析]thesame…as(that)這是個(gè)固定用法,在same前的定冠詞是不能少的。而thesame…that意為"我要的就是那一個(gè)"。而thesame…as為"要的是和……一樣的東西"。
[誤]BeforeIdonotgiveyoutheanswer,Illaskyousomequestions.?
[正]BeforeIgiveyoutheanswer,Illaskyousomequestions.?
[析]這種錯(cuò)誤是由于受中文的影響。在中文中可以講"我沒(méi)給你答案前"。而英文用了before就不要再用否定句了。?
(三)例題解析?
1?WeboughtGrannyapresent,___shedidntlikeit.?
A.butB.and
C.orD.so?
[答案]A.?
[析]由于句意的原因,應(yīng)選擇轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。?
2?Runquickly,___wellmisstheearlytrain.?
A.andB.but
C.soD.or?
[答案]D.?
[析]or這里應(yīng)譯為:否則。?
3?Illgivethebooktohim___h(yuǎn)ecomesback.?
A.sinceB.assoonas
C.beforeD.until?
[答案]B.?
[析]assoonas引出的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。?
4?Dontcrosstheroad___thelightturnsgreen.?
A.whenB.while
C.untilD.as?
[答案]C.?
[析]until應(yīng)譯為"直到……才",因?yàn)榍懊娴钠硎咕錇榉穸ň?。又如:Shedidnotgotobeduntilhermothercameback.應(yīng)譯為"直到她媽媽回來(lái)她才睡覺(jué)"。?
5?MissGaohasbeenateacher___1990.?
A.beforeB.after
C.sinceD.in?
[答案]C.?
[析]因?yàn)橹骶錇橥瓿蓵r(shí),所以應(yīng)用since表示該動(dòng)作的啟始點(diǎn)。?
6?-Whichwouldyoulikebetter,tea___milk??
-Tea,please.?
A.butB.and
C.orD.with?
[答案]C.?
[析]在疑問(wèn)句與否定句中應(yīng)用or來(lái)表示一種選擇。?
7?Welovespring___theresbeautifulflowerseverywhere.?
A.thoughB.but
C.orD.because?
[答案]D.?
[析]因?yàn)檫@里表示的是因果關(guān)系。?
8?Pleaseleave___7∶00,thenyoullbeabletoget___thereearlier.?
A.till,inB.from,/
C.before,/D.behind,to?
[答案]C.?
[析]before為在7∶00之前離開(kāi)。?
9?Theteacherdidntbeginthelesson___allthestudentsstoppedtalking.?
A.untilB.after
C.ifD.because?
[答案]A.?
[析]這句應(yīng)譯為"直到所有的學(xué)生都停止講話老師才開(kāi)始上課"。因begin為瞬間動(dòng)詞,所以應(yīng)用否定句。?
10?Bettydidntgotoseethefilmyesterday___shewasill.
A.butB.until
C.ifD.because?
[答案]D.?
[析]這里是表示因果關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)用because。因?yàn)樗×怂晕慈タ措娪啊?
11?Youmuststartrightnow,___youllmissthetrain.?
A.forB.and
C.soD.or?
[答案]D.?
[析]or譯為"否則"。本句句意為:你必須馬上走了,否則要趕不上火車(chē)了。?
12?___h(yuǎn)eisachildofsix,hecanreadandwrite.?
A.WhoseB.If
C.ThoughD.Because?
[答案]C.?
[析]這種狀語(yǔ)從句在英語(yǔ)中稱為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,應(yīng)譯為:雖然他才是個(gè)6歲的孩子,他卻可以讀書(shū)和寫(xiě)字。?
13?Ilikefish,___chicken,___eggs.?
A.and,andB.and,with
C./,andD.and,/?
[答案]C.
[析]在有若干個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)時(shí),每一個(gè)詞之間只用逗號(hào)連接,只在最后兩個(gè)詞之間加and。如:Theoldmanpassedthestreet,wentintoashopandboughtsomefood。
14?Takethisdictionarywithyou___youmayuseitinclass.?
A.whenB.inorderto
C.butD.sothat?
[答案]D.?
[析]sothat應(yīng)譯為"為的是"。本句句義為:帶上字典,為的是在上課時(shí)可能有用。而inorderto其后應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞不定式,如:Takethisdictionarywithyouinordertouseitinclass。?
15?Ihope___willbefinetomorrow.?
A.itB.what
C.whetherD.when?
[答案]A.?
[析]hope后接的是賓語(yǔ)從句,而且賓語(yǔ)從句中少主語(yǔ),應(yīng)用it來(lái)代替天氣。?
16?___shewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouther.?
A.ThoughB.As
C.WhenD.Becauseof?
[答案]B.?
[析]as這里應(yīng)譯為"由于"。全句意為:由于她不舒服,我決定不帶她去了。而becauseof其后不能接從句只能接賓語(yǔ)。如:Becauseoftheheavyrain,wedecidednottogo。
17?Myauntboughtme___manystorybooksthatIspentalotoftimethem.?
A.such…onB.such…in
C.too…inD?so…on?
[答案]D.?
[析]因many前只能用so來(lái)修飾,所以只能選擇D選項(xiàng)。而spend…onsomething為在某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間或錢(qián)。如:Shespentalotofmoneyonherclothes。?
18?Motherwascooking___she___aknockatthedoor.?
A.when,listentoB.while,listenedto?
C.while,heardD.when,heard?
[答案]D.?
[析]when在這里應(yīng)譯為:就在那時(shí),那一刻,那一瞬間。?
19?Speakslowly,___wecanunderstandyou.?
A.andB.or
C.ifD.because?
[答案]A.?
[析]and這里是并列連詞,應(yīng)譯為:請(qǐng)講慢些這樣我們就會(huì)明白你的意思。?
20?YoulllearnEnglishwell___youputyourheartintoit.?
A.ifB.so
C.untilD.or?
[答案]A.?
[析]本句譯為:如果你將心放在學(xué)習(xí)上,你就會(huì)將英語(yǔ)學(xué)好。這里的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象是從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。?
21?Iwontletyouin___youshowmeyourpass.?
A.untilB.for
C.sinceD.because?
[答案]A.?
22?Shedidntgotoschool___shewasill.?
A.whyB.because
C.whereD.but?
[答案]B.?
2013年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法代詞考點(diǎn)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)
一般給學(xué)生們上課之前,老師就早早地準(zhǔn)備好了教案課件,大家在認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備自己的教案課件了吧。只有制定教案課件工作計(jì)劃,可以更好完成工作任務(wù)!你們了解多少教案課件范文呢?為滿足您的需求,小編特地編輯了“2013年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法代詞考點(diǎn)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)”,供大家參考,希望能幫助到有需要的朋友。
代詞(一)知識(shí)概要
英語(yǔ)中代詞可以分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、不定代詞。?人稱代詞主要有主格和賓格之別。請(qǐng)看下表
人稱我你他她它我們你們他們
主格iyouhesheitweyouthey
賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem
物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。請(qǐng)看下表?
人稱我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他們的
形容詞性myyourhisheritsoursyourthey
名詞性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs
反身代詞可見(jiàn)下表
人稱我你他她它我們你們他們
反身代詞myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitselfourselvesyourselfthemselves
指示代詞主要有this,that,these,those
疑問(wèn)代詞有:who,whomwhose,what,which,
還有疑問(wèn)副詞when,how,where,why。
不定代詞在初中課本中主要有some,any,many,much,each,neither,other,another,all,both,one,none,either…
(二)正誤辨析
[誤]Tomsmotheristallerthanmy.
[正]Tomsmotheristallerthanmine.
[析]形容詞性物主代詞可以作定語(yǔ),也就是講它可以作形容詞,如:mybook,而這句話的意思是:湯姆的媽媽比我的媽媽高。比較的對(duì)象是mymother,也就是mine。
[誤]Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishthem.
[正]Wehavealotofhomeworktodotoday.Soweneedtwoorthreehourstofinishit.
[析]在應(yīng)用代詞時(shí),要注意人稱,格與數(shù)的一致性。這里it所代替的是不可數(shù)名詞homework,所以應(yīng)用it。
[誤]Heandyoushouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.
[正]Youandheshouldgotothelibrarytoreturnthebooks.
[析]這主要是英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣上的用法。當(dāng)兩個(gè)以上的人稱代詞并列時(shí)其排列順序一般為you,he,she,I,而復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)為we,you,they:如男女并列時(shí),應(yīng)先男后女,如:Heandshe…如果在表示不好意思,承擔(dān)責(zé)任時(shí),單數(shù)時(shí)用,I,he,she,you,復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用They,you,we,如:TomandIaregoodfriends.
You,heandImustgotoplaythegameforourteamthisafternoon.
We,youandtheyhavebeentherebefore.
I,heandyouhavetopayforit.
[誤]Heorhisbrotherisdoingtheirhomework.
[正]Heorhisbrotherisdoinghishomework.
[析]由either…or,neither…nor,or連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),如果兩主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)時(shí),用單數(shù)代詞,如兩主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),用復(fù)數(shù)代詞,如:Eitherteachersorstudentswanttodotheirbesttohelptheoldman.如是一單一復(fù)兩名詞時(shí),一般將單數(shù)名詞放在前,復(fù)數(shù)名詞放在后,要用復(fù)數(shù)代詞,如:Theteacherorhisstudentswillcleantheirclassroomtogether.
[誤]Hisbrotheristallerthanhim.
[正]Hisbrotheristallerthanhe.
[析]than是連詞,其后應(yīng)視為省略句,thanheis.所以要注意區(qū)分其主格與賓格的用法。
Ilikeyouasmuchasshe.
[正]Ilikeyouasmuchasher.
[析]as…as其后也應(yīng)看作是省略句。應(yīng)為asIlikeher.所以應(yīng)用賓格。而第一句應(yīng)譯為我像她那樣喜歡你。兩句語(yǔ)法都是對(duì)的但含義不同。
[誤]Myselfdidityesterday.
[正]Imyselfdidityesterday.
[正]Ididitmyselfyesterday.
[析]反身代詞不可作主語(yǔ),但可以用作主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。?
[誤]Takecareofourselves.
[正]Takecareofyourselves.(yourself)
[析]祈始句的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)看作第二人稱you.
[誤]Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyourself.
[正]Pleasebringyourdaughterwithyou.
[析]反身代詞不能作介詞賓語(yǔ),除非是由不及物動(dòng)詞與介詞組成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),如:Theoldwomanspoketoherself.
[誤]Makeyourselfhome.
[正]Makeyourselfathome.
[析]這是英語(yǔ)中的習(xí)慣用法,意為“像在家里一樣”。這樣的用法還有:?
enjoyoneself玩得開(kāi)心makeyourselfathome像在家中一樣
helpyourselftosomething自己拿某物lostoneself迷路
seatoneself就坐dressoneself穿衣
[誤]— Whosthisspeaking.— ThatsMary.
[正]— Whosthatspeaking.— ThisisMary.
[析]在電話用語(yǔ)中,this指講話人自己,而that指對(duì)方。
[誤]Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthisinwinter.
[正]Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.
[析]在比較句中往往為了避免重復(fù),可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物,如是單數(shù)時(shí)用that,復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用those,如:TheweatherinBeijingishotterthanthatinChangChun.
[誤]Itissoagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.
[正]Itissuchagoodbookthateveryonelikestoread.
[正]Itissogoodabookthateveryonelikestoread.
[析]在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)可用so+形容詞+不定冠詞+名詞+that從句,也可用such+不定冠詞+形容詞+that從句。在不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),只用such,如:ItissuchgoodweatherthatIwanttogoswimming.TheyaresuchgoodbooksthatIwanttobuythemall.在many,much,few,little這4個(gè)詞前僅能用so,如:Shehassomuchmoneythatshecanbuyeverythingshewants.而在so與that之間僅存形容詞時(shí),則不能用such,如:Sheissosweetthateveryonelikesher.
[誤]Iwanttobuyasamedictionaryasyours.
[正]Iwanttobuythesamedictionaryasyours.
[析]same與定冠詞the是固定搭配不可更改。這樣的用法還有allthesame(仍然)。
[誤]— Ihopeshemightpasstheexam.— Idonthopeso.
[正]— Ihopeshemightpasstheexam.— Ihopenot.
[析]在作肯定回答時(shí),Ithinkso.Ihopeso.Ibelieveso.但作否定回答時(shí)為:Idontthinkso.Ihope/believenot.
[誤]— Hestudiedveryhardthisterm.—Soshedid.
[正]—Hestudiedveryhardthisterm.—Sodidshe.
[誤]—Englishisdifficulttolearn.—Soisit.
[正]—Englishisdifficulttolearn.—Soitis.
[析]在對(duì)話中如果某一動(dòng)作同時(shí)適用于兩個(gè)主語(yǔ),這時(shí)在答語(yǔ)中要用縮寫(xiě)且要用倒裝句。如第一組句,即studiedhard既適用于he,也適用于she.但答語(yǔ)僅僅是對(duì)前句的重復(fù),即僅僅是第一句的縮寫(xiě)時(shí)則不要用倒裝句。如第二組句子為:英語(yǔ)難學(xué)。答語(yǔ)為:是的,難學(xué)。這時(shí)縮寫(xiě)的答語(yǔ)不要用倒裝句。
[誤]Everyoneshoulddoonesbest.
[正]Everyoneshoulddohisbest.
[析]one作代詞時(shí),它的復(fù)數(shù)形式是ones,所有格形式是ones,反身代詞為oneself.如果講Oneshoulddoonesbest.則是對(duì)句。如果one與別的詞組成其他詞,如:someone,anyone,everyone或onlyone則要用his/her,來(lái)作其所有格形式。
[誤]—Whowonthegame?—None.
[正]—Whowonthegame?—Noone.
[析]由who提問(wèn)的句子的否定回答中的簡(jiǎn)略說(shuō)法是noone,而由Howmany提問(wèn)的句子的否定回答中的簡(jiǎn)略語(yǔ)是None.如:Howmanybooksarethere?None.
[誤]Therearemanytreesoneithersidesofthestreet.
[正]Therearemanytreesoneithersideofthestreet.
[正]Therearemanytreesonbothsidesofthestreet.
[析]either作代詞時(shí)由兩個(gè)含意,其一是兩者中隨便哪一個(gè),如:Youcantakeeither.其二是兩者中的每一個(gè)。但要注意的是either后要加單數(shù)名詞,如果作主語(yǔ)則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式。
[誤]EitheryouorIareright.
[正]EitheryouorIamright.
[析]在either…or,或neither…nor連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與和其相近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)相配。
[誤]Ihavethreesisters.Neitherofthemisadoctor.
[正]Ihavethreesisters.Noneofthemisadoctor.
[析]neither用于兩者中無(wú)一是,而none則用于多于兩者中的人或事物無(wú)一是。
[誤]HedoesntlikeBeijingopera.Idontliketoo.
[正]HedoesntlikeBeijingopera,Idontlikeeither.
[析]either作為“也”講時(shí),要用于否定句中,而too則用于肯定句中。
[誤]Welikeboththislittleboy.
[正]Webothlikethislittleboy.
[析]both作同位語(yǔ)時(shí),它在句中的位置有:在be動(dòng)詞之后,如:Wearebothstudents.在實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前,如:Theparentsbothwanttogotothecinema.用于第一助動(dòng)詞之后,如:WehavebothreadtheseEnglishnovels.使用時(shí)要注意以下句子的實(shí)際含意:Bothofusarenotright.應(yīng)譯為:我們倆不都對(duì)。Neitherofusisright.才應(yīng)譯為:我倆都不對(duì)。又如:Icantgiveyoubothofthebooks.意為:兩本書(shū)我不能全給你,而Icantgiveyoueitherofthebooks.才為:兩本書(shū)我全不能給你。
[誤]Weeachhasaticketfortheconcert.
[正]Weeachhaveaticketfortheconcert.
[析]each作句子主語(yǔ)時(shí)其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式,如:EachofuswantstolearnEnglishwell,但each作同位語(yǔ)時(shí),則應(yīng)以原名詞的數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。
[誤]Everyofushastopasstheexam.
[正]Eachofushastopasstheexam.
[析]every只可作形容詞,不可作代詞,而each既可作形容詞,又可作代詞,在作形容詞時(shí)each側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體,而every則側(cè)重于全體。
[誤]Everyoneofusshoulddohouseworktwohoursaday.
[正]Everyoneofusshoulddohouseworktwohoursaday.
[析]everyone不可與of結(jié)構(gòu)相連接使用,而everyone則可以這樣用。
[誤]IshouldreadEnglisheveryday.
[正]IshouldreadEnglisheveryday.
[析]要注意的是everyday是“每天”,而everyday則是形容詞為“日常的”。如:everydayEnglish日常英語(yǔ),everydaylife日常生活。
[誤]Therearetreesoneverysidesofthestreet.
[正]Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.
[析]every用于三者或三者以上的每一個(gè),而each用于二者或二者以上的每一個(gè)。因?yàn)榻值乐挥袃蓚?cè),所以只能用each而不能用every.
[誤]Allmyparentsareengineers.
[正]Bothmyparentsareengineers.
[析]all用于三者或三者以上的全部,而both則用于兩者的全部。
[誤]Allofstudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[正]Allofthestudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[正]Allstudentsmightmakesomemistakes.
[析]非特指的名詞前可用all但不可用allof結(jié)構(gòu),也就是講allof結(jié)構(gòu)后面的名詞前一定要有定冠詞。其他與all有關(guān)的習(xí)慣用法還有:
alltheyearround,allweek,allday,allwinter
[誤]Theallvillagewasflooded.
[正]Allthevillagewasflooded.
[析]all作修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)要用在所有修飾詞之前。
[誤]Thepostofficeisonothersideofthestreet.
[正]Thepostofficeisontheothersideofthestreet.
[析]單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞如在泛指某一個(gè)時(shí)用another,而特指時(shí)則要用theother,因街道只有兩邊,而不在這邊必定是在另一邊,所以要用特指。請(qǐng)參考下表的用法以便于記憶。
單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)
泛指another形容詞作定語(yǔ)作名詞
another代詞otherothers
特指theother形容詞
theother代詞
theothertheothers
[誤]TherearetenstudentshereWherearetheothersstudents?
[正]Therearetenstudentshere.Wherearetheothers?
[正]TherearetenstudentshereWherearetheotherstudents?
[析]theothers=theotherstudents.
[誤]Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher,anotherisadoctor.
[正]Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisateacher,theotherisadoctor.
[析]another用于泛指,如:Isitfarfromheretothestation?Imsorry.Ihavenoidea.Onemaysayitisquitenear;anothermaysayitisfarfromhere.但在特指時(shí)則要用theother.它可以用作定語(yǔ),theotherone,也可以用作代詞theother,但theother用作代詞時(shí)它的含意一定是單數(shù)。如果指三者或者三者以上的情況時(shí),則要用one…another…theother.或者one…asecond…thethird…
[誤]Somepeoplelikesports.Theotherslikereading.
[正]Somepeoplelikesports.Otherslikereading.
[析]在泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前用some…others…others…來(lái)表示某些人……某些人……某些人……。
[誤]Pleaseremembertowatertheflowerseachotherday.
[正]Pleaseremembertowatertheflowerseveryotherday.
[析]everyotherday為每隔一天。是習(xí)慣用法,不要隨意改動(dòng)。又如:ontheotherhand另一方面。
[誤]Manyknowhim,butfewlikeshim.
[正]Manyknowhim,butfewlikehim.
[析]few用于可數(shù)名詞,意為幾乎沒(méi)有,但few作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,而afew為有一些。
[誤]Youhavefewfriends,haventyou?
[正]Youhavefewfriends,haveyou?
[析]little與few用于句中時(shí),均要按否定句看待。
[誤]Muchofwhatyousaidaretrue.
[正]Muchofwhatyousaidistrue.
[析]much用于不可數(shù)名詞,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。而many用于可數(shù)名詞,它作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
[誤]Thisroomisenoughlargeforthestudentstolivein.
[正]Thisroomislargeenoughforthestudentstolivein.
[析]enough可以用作代詞,如:Thereisenoughofthefood.又如:Enoughhasbeendoneforthework,但enough還可以作形容詞來(lái)修飾名詞,這時(shí)enough可以放在名詞之前,也可放在名詞之后,如:moneyenough與enoughmoney都是對(duì)的。但當(dāng)enough作副詞修飾形容詞時(shí),則只能置于形容詞之后了。
[誤]Iwantanybookstoread.Doyouhaveany?
[正]Iwantsomebookstoread.Doyouhaveany?
[析]按照語(yǔ)法any用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句,而some用于肯定句。
[誤]Wouldyoulikeanythingtodrink?
[正]Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?
[析]在由wouldyoulike發(fā)出的問(wèn)句中,表達(dá)了說(shuō)話者真心實(shí)意要為對(duì)方提供些飲料,或在說(shuō)話者想得到對(duì)方的肯定答復(fù)時(shí),在疑問(wèn)句中要用some而不用any。
[誤]Someonewanttomeetyou.
[正]Someonewantstomeetyou.
[析]不定代詞應(yīng)被看作單數(shù),即使用and連接兩個(gè)不定代詞,也要看作單數(shù),如:?Anyoneandeveryonehastheright.任何人,每一個(gè)人都有這樣的權(quán)力。
[誤]NewYorkismuchcolderinwinterthanbefore.
[正]ItismuchcolderinNewYorkinwinterthanbefore.
[析]it常常用在英文的句子中來(lái)代表時(shí)間、距離、天氣、自然現(xiàn)象,或用在句中作形式主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),如:
Itistenoclocknow.(代時(shí)間)
Itisfarfromheretotheairport.(代距離)
Itisveryhot.(代天氣)
ItisverydifficulttolearnEnglishwell.(作形式主語(yǔ))
Wefounditverydifficulttoanswerthequestion.(作形式賓語(yǔ))
[誤]Becareful.Dontdrinktoomany.
[正]Becareful.Dontdrinktoomuch.
[析]這里much所代的應(yīng)是飲料或水,所以應(yīng)為不可數(shù)名詞。
(三)例題解析
1Theseare___books.Yoursareoverthere.
AIBmyCmeDmine?
[答案]B.
[析]這里應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。?
2—___isshe?
—Sheisateacher.
AWhatBHowCWhoDWhere?
[答案]A.
[析]這里的四個(gè)疑問(wèn)詞放在問(wèn)句中全都成立,但其意義不同。Whatisshe?應(yīng)譯為“她的工作是什么?”或“她是做什么的?”而Howisshe?應(yīng)譯為“她身體如何?”而Whoisshe?應(yīng)譯為“她是誰(shuí)?”其答語(yǔ)應(yīng)為“她叫什么名字?!倍鳺hereisshe?應(yīng)為“她在什么地方?”由答語(yǔ)決定了這道題的選擇。
3___iswrongwithmywatch.Ithasstopped___.
ASomething,workingBSomething,towork
CAnything,workingDAnything,towork?
[答案]A.
[析]因?yàn)槭强隙ň渌詰?yīng)用Something,其后由于表停止工作了,則stop后要用動(dòng)名詞。
4Mary,help___tothebananas,please.
AyouByourCyourselfDyourselves?
[答案]C.
[析]helponeselftosomething為“自己拿某物”。yourself為“你一個(gè)人”,而yourselves為“你們”。
5—___doyougotoschooleveryday?
—Bybus.
AHowBWhyCWhenDWhere?
[答案]A.
[析]這題的答案是由問(wèn)句決定的。?
6Myskirtis___popularthan___.
Amuch,herBmuch,hersCmore,herDmore,hers?
[答案]D.
[析]因句中有than,所以應(yīng)選用比較級(jí),而than后要選用名詞性物主代詞。
7—CanyouspeakEnglish?
—Yes,butonly___.
AfewBafewClittleDalittle
[答案]D.
[析]因會(huì)講某種語(yǔ)言的多少要用alittle,把它看作不可數(shù)名詞對(duì)待,此答語(yǔ)為:是的,但僅僅會(huì)講一點(diǎn)。
8Mr. Smithisanoldfriendof___.
AIBmeCmyDmine?
[答案]D.
[析]這里應(yīng)選名詞性物主代詞,這也是英語(yǔ)的一種習(xí)慣用法,而不要選擇my。
9“___doyouhearfromyourparents?”
“Aboutonceamonth.”
AHowlongBHowmany
CHowoftenDHowmuch?
[答案]C.
[析]Howoften問(wèn)的是某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率,即在單位時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生多少次。
10MrGreenwouldntsay___atthemeeting.
AeverythingBnothingCanythingDsomething?
[答案]C.
[析]在否定句中應(yīng)用anything
11“Mum,Annscomingtonight.Letsgiveher___toeat.”
“Goodidea!”
AanythingniceBniceanything
CsomethingniceDnicesomething?
[答案]C.
[析]肯定句中用something而不用anything,不定代詞的修飾詞應(yīng)放其后而不要放在其前面。
12—Whenshallwemeet,thiseveningortomorrowevening?
—Idontmind.___timeisOK.
ASomeBNeitherCEitherDBoth?
[答案]C.
[析]因如選用both則名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)名詞,也要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,由于答語(yǔ)前有Idontmind則決定不能選擇neither.
13Thisisnotherkite, but___.
AhesBhimCheDhis?
[答案]D.
[析]要注意“他的”名詞性物主代詞與形容詞性物主代詞是同形的。?
14Dontworry,Mum!___newsisgoodnews.Imsuredaddywillcomebacksoon.
ANoBManyCThoseDTwo
?[答案]A.
[析]這是一條諺語(yǔ),即沒(méi)有消息就是好消息。?
15Maryhassixapples.Herbrotherhasthree.Shehas___applesthanhe.
AfewBmanyCmoreDfewer?
[答案]C.
[析]由于是比較級(jí),根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選“多于”而不是“少于”。?
16Thereisnt___intodaysnewspaper.
Aanythinginteresting
Bsomethinginteresting
Cnothinginteresting
Dinterestinganything
[答案]A.
[析]由于句子是否定句,應(yīng)選擇anything,而且不定代詞的修飾語(yǔ)應(yīng)放在其后面。
17September10this___Day?
ATeacherBTeachersCTeachersDTeachers
[答案]D.
[析]教師節(jié)TeachersDay,兒童節(jié)ChildrensDay,婦女節(jié)WomensDay
18—InEngland,peopleeatalotof“takeaway”food.Whataboutpeopleinyourcountry?
—___
ASowedo.BWedoso.CSodowe.DWesodo.?
[答案]C.
[析]在答語(yǔ)中用簡(jiǎn)略方式表達(dá)上文的一個(gè)動(dòng)作同樣適用于另一個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),則要采用倒裝句,但如果僅僅是對(duì)上句的重復(fù)則不要倒裝。?
19—Shallwegointothatshopandhavealook?
—Sorry.Iwont.Ihave___todothere.
AeverythingBanythingCsomethingDnothing?
[答案]D.
[析]這個(gè)答案的選擇應(yīng)由上下兩句對(duì)話內(nèi)容作出決定。?
20—Oh,dear!Whobroketheglass?
—___Sam___Bruce.Itwasthecat.
ABoth,andBNot,butCNeither,norDEither,or?
[答案]C.
[析]neither…nor意為既不……也不……
21Thestudentsarehavingagoodtimeinthepark.Somearedrawingbythelake.___areclimbingthehill.
AOthersBOtherCAnotherDTheother
?
[答案]A.
[析]這里因?yàn)槭谴鎻?fù)數(shù)名詞,所以應(yīng)用名詞性的復(fù)數(shù)代名詞。?
22Sheisnotanurse.Imnot___.
AalsoBeitherCneitherDtoo?
[答案]B.
[析]在否定句中該用either,而不用too和also.
23Ihavetwopencils.Oneisred,___isblue.
AtheotherBanotherCothersDtheothers?
[答案]A.
[析]兩者中的另一個(gè)應(yīng)為特指。而且應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式的代名詞。而another是泛指單數(shù)代名詞。others是泛指復(fù)數(shù)代名詞,而theothers是特指復(fù)數(shù)代名詞。
24Sorry,Icantansweryourquestion.
Iknow___aboutthesubject.
AlittleBalittleCfewDafew?
[答案]A.
[析]中文講我對(duì)此知道的不多,而英文中要用little。其含意為否定句。
25Mysisterdoesntlikeskating___.
ASodoIBSoIdont
CNeitherIdontDNeitherdoI?
[答案]D.
[析]這是表達(dá)上面否定句中的動(dòng)作,也同樣不適合
于第二個(gè)人。所以要用neither,并要采用倒裝句。
26Yesterdaymorningtherewereonlythreeboysinourroom,___.
Ayou,heandIBI,youandhe
Che,IandyouDyou,Iandhe?
[答案]A.
[析]這是若干人稱代詞并列時(shí)的順序問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)參看辨析中的例子。?
27Allthestudentsarebusy,so___ofthemwillgototheconcert.
AmanyBlittleCafewDfew?
[答案]D.
[析]student為可數(shù)名詞。
28Theteachergave___studentanewbook.
AnobodyBbothCeachDany?
[答案]C.
[析]both其后的名詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù),而any用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中只有each可以修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。
29Blackisneitherateacher___aworker.
AorBeitherCnorDand?
[答案]C.
[析]neither…nor為“既不……也不……”的固定搭配。
30Ourteachergaveus___onstudying.
AmanyadvicesBsomeadvices
CanadviceDsomeadvice?
[答案]D.
[析]advice為不可數(shù)名詞。some可用于可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞之前。
31Therearetwoforeignfriendsinthepark.One___isfromJapan,isfromAmerica.
AotherBothersCtheotherDtheothers?
[答案]C.
[析]因?yàn)槭莾烧咧械囊粋€(gè),所以另一個(gè)應(yīng)用單數(shù)特指代詞。?
32Arethere___onthetable?
AsomecupsBanycupCsomecupDanycups?
[答案]D.
[析]此句是疑問(wèn)句,應(yīng)用anycups,因提問(wèn)時(shí)的be動(dòng)詞用的是are。
33Ivejustboughtfivestamps.OneisaGermanstamp,___areAmericanstamps.
AtheotherBtheothersCotherDothers?
[答案]B.
[析]此空應(yīng)填入主語(yǔ)。又因其范圍已定,所以應(yīng)選特指的代名詞。theother只能用作單數(shù),而others是泛指復(fù)數(shù)代名詞,故只能選B。
34Itwas___finedaythattheywenttothepark.
AasoBsoaCsuchaDasuch?
[答案]C.
[析]在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前可以有兩種表達(dá)法,即such+不定冠詞+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式,如:suchagoodday,或者用so加形容詞+不定冠詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),如:sogoodaday.
35Atthattimethetrainwasslowandnoisy.So___peoplelikedtakingtrains.
AlittleBalittleCfewDafew?
[答案]C.
[析]這是英文的表達(dá)法與中文不同之處。中文講只有少數(shù)人喜歡坐火車(chē),英文要選用“few”。
36Wemusthelpandunderstandeach___.
AotherBanotherCothersDtheother?
[答案]A.
[析]eachother意為“互相”,是習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。
37___isdifficulttowalkonthemoon.
AManBOneCThatDIt?
[答案]D.
[析]這里的真正主語(yǔ)應(yīng)為不定式towalkonthemoon.而形式主語(yǔ)只能用it.
38Janehassentseveralletters,but___ofthemhavebeenanswered.
AallBbothCeitherDnone?
[答案]D.
[析]severalletters意為“若干信件”,應(yīng)看作多于兩者,則在A、D中作選擇,僅D符合句意。
39Idontknow___aboutthenewheadmaster.
AsomethingBeverythingCnothingDanything?
[答案]D.
[析]否定句中應(yīng)用anything.
40___ofthestudentsinthewholeclasscoulddothisphysicsquestion.
ANoBNoneCNotDNeither?
[答案]B.
中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí):指示代詞
老師會(huì)對(duì)課本中的主要教學(xué)內(nèi)容整理到教案課件中,大家在認(rèn)真寫(xiě)教案課件了。只有制定教案課件工作計(jì)劃,可以更好完成工作任務(wù)!你們了解多少教案課件范文呢?下面是由小編為大家整理的“中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí):指示代詞”,供您參考,希望能夠幫助到大家。
2012年中考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)19指示代詞
表示“這個(gè)”,“那個(gè)”,“這些”,“那些”等意思的代詞叫做指示代詞。指示代詞分單數(shù)(this/that)和復(fù)數(shù)(these/those)兩種形式
1、指示代詞用法:
(1)作主語(yǔ):
Thisisthewaytodoit.這事兒就該這樣做。
ThisiswhatIwanttoemphasize.這就是我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的。
Thisisachair.這是一把椅子。
ThatisLindasbook.這是琳達(dá)的書(shū)。
Whosepensarethose?那些是誰(shuí)的鋼筆。
(2)作賓語(yǔ):
Weshouldalwayskeepthisinmind.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)經(jīng)常記住這一點(diǎn)。
Ilikethisbetterthanthat.我喜歡這個(gè)甚至那個(gè)。
Haveyoureadthis?你讀過(guò)這個(gè)嗎?
Ilikethesebutshelikesthose.我喜歡這些,而她喜歡那些。
(3)作表語(yǔ):
Mypointisthis.我的觀點(diǎn)就是如此。
Herplanisthis.她的計(jì)劃是這樣的。
Hisworriesarethose.他的煩惱就是那些。
(4)作定語(yǔ):
Youcantswimatthistimeoftheyear.你不能在這個(gè)時(shí)候游泳。
Idontlikethatman.我不喜歡那個(gè)人。
Wemustgettoknowthesetricksoftheirs.我們必須懂得他們這一套鬼花招。
2、指示代詞的用法區(qū)別
(1)this和these一般指在空間和時(shí)間上較近的事物,that和those一般指在空間和時(shí)間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物。
例:ThisisamapofChinaandthatisamapoftheworld.
這是一張中國(guó)地圖,那是一張世界地圖。
Pleasecomethisway.Wellgoinbythatdoor.請(qǐng)這邊走,我們從那扇門(mén)進(jìn)去。
Inthoseyeartheyledahardlife.在那些歲月里,他們生活得很艱難
2)this和these常指后面將要講到的事物,有啟下的作用,that和those常指前面已經(jīng)講到過(guò)的事物,起承上的作用。
例:Ishallsaythistoyou:heisanhonestman.我將對(duì)你說(shuō)這一點(diǎn):他是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。
Hefeltill.Thatiswhyhedidntcome.他病了,那就是他沒(méi)來(lái)的原因。
Hebroketheglass,andthatcosthimfivedollars.他打破了玻璃,那花費(fèi)了他5美元。
(3)that和those有時(shí)可用來(lái)代替前面提到過(guò)的東西,以避免重復(fù)這個(gè)名詞:
Thesemachinesarebetterthanthoseweturnedoutlastyear.這些機(jī)器比我們?nèi)ツ晟a(chǎn)的好。
Theoiloutputin1988wasmuchhigherthanthatof1986.1988年的石油產(chǎn)量比1986年高很多。
ThehistoryofChinaisasinterestingasthatofRussia.中國(guó)的歷史同俄國(guó)的歷史一樣有趣。
(4)在電話中,this表示打電話者,that表示接電話的對(duì)方。
例:A:Hello!ThisisBob(speaking).喂,我是鮑勃。
B:Whosthatplease?請(qǐng)問(wèn)是哪位?(美語(yǔ)用Whosit?或Whosthis?)
3、such也是一個(gè)指示代詞,在句子中可用作:
(1)定語(yǔ):
Wehavehadsuchabusyday.我們今天忙得真夠嗆。
Idon’tlikesuchweather.我不喜歡這樣的天氣。
(2)主語(yǔ):
Suchwasmyimmediateimpression.這就是我當(dāng)時(shí)的印象。
Sucharetheresults.結(jié)果就是如此。
(3)表語(yǔ):
Hisillnesswasnotsuchastocauseanxiety.他的病還不至于使人焦慮不安。
4、same也可以看作指示代詞,在句中能作定語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ):
Shesaidthesamethingalloveragain.她把同樣的話又說(shuō)了一遍。
Thesamemaybesaidofhisbrother.他弟弟也有這種情形。
Ourviewsarethesame.我們的看法是相同的。
“HappyNewyear!”“Thesametoyou!”“新年好!”“新年好!”