高中英語必修二教案

高二英語Helpingpeoplearoundtheworld教案。

虛擬語氣

一、回顧上單元的if虛擬語氣,請?zhí)畋砀?If從句的謂語形式

主句的謂語形式

與現(xiàn)在事實相反與過去事實相反與將來事實相反虛擬語氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點：

1.Ifyou_________(listen)totheteachercarefullyyesterday,you__________(know)howtoanswerthisquestionnow.

2．Ifyou_________(come)andattendedthemeetingyesterday,you__________(know)whatwearedoingnow.

3．Ifyou___________(follow)myadvice,you___________(be)introublenow.

★以上虛擬語氣叫做錯綜條件虛擬語氣，因為假設(shè)條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間不一致。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照它所表示的時間而定。

1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup=__________________________________

2.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.

=___________________________________________________________

3.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.

=______________________________________________

4.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo=____________________________

★以上虛擬語氣是if省略的倒裝句型。should，were，had三個助動詞提至句首。

★虛擬語氣特殊句型：

________________________________.　我希望和你一樣高。

________________________________.他希望他沒講那樣的話。

________________________________.我希望明下雨就好了。

①wish/ifonly/asif現(xiàn)在：__________過去：____________未來：__________

Iwouldratheryou_______(pay)menow.

Iwouldratheryou___________(go)yesterday.

Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryou_________(come)tomorrow.

②wouldratherthat現(xiàn)在/未來：___________過去：___________

你該走了。It’shightimethat__________________________

我們該去睡覺了。It’stime_____________________________

③It’s(about/high)time+that______________

Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody_______(obey)therules.

Heinsistedthatshe______(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalsatonce.

Hesuggestedthatwe_________(have)ameetingatonce.

Hispalefacesuggestedthathe________(be)ill.

④表示要求、命令、建議的詞，即1.insist（堅決要求）、demand、require、request2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose,recommend這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞使用should+v，或者將should省略。●以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的從句也要使用虛擬語氣。1.demand,request,reqirement2.order,command3.advice,suggestion,proposal,recommendation,

Itisimportantthatwe_____________(master)aforeignlanguage.

Itisstrangethatshe____________(refuse)tocometotheparty.

It’snecessarythatwe____________(study)hard.

⑤It’snecessary/strange/important+that---Clause從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動詞原形

二、本單元的學(xué)習(xí)重點：含蓄條件句

or,otherwise（否則）/with,without,butfor（若非，倘若沒有，要不是）代替if從句來表示隱含的虛擬語氣。

Withoutexaminations，studentstoday_____________(live)amuchhappierlife.

Iwasbusyyesterday,or/otherwiseI______________(come)tohelpyou.

將下列含蓄條件句改成if條件虛擬

Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.

=_______________________________________________

Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.

=_______________________________________________

Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.

=_____________________________________________

Iamtoobusynow,otherwiseIwouldhelpyoucleanthehouse.

=________________________________________________

Theygottwotickets;otherwisetheywouldn’thavebeenabletogotoCanada.

=_______________________________________________________

▲He________________(succeed),buthewastoocareless.

動詞填空：

1．DoctorZhang,Ican’tthankyouenough,becausewithoutyourhelp,I___________(notsurvive)theaccident.(wouldn’thavesurvived)

2.We’regoingtohaveapicnictomorrow.Ifonlyit_____(stop)raining!(wouldstop)

3.Ididn’tgototheparty,butIdowishI_________(be)there.(hadbeen)

4.Ilostyouraddress,otherwiseI_______(visit)youlongbefore.(wouldhavevisited)

5.—Wouldyouhavetoldhimtheanswer,ifpossible?

—Yes,Iwouldhave,butI___________(be)verybusy.(was)

6.Theyurgedthatthelibrary___________(keep)openduringthevacation.(shouldbekept)

7.IforgetwhereIreadthearticle,orI_________(show)ittoyounow.(wouldshow)

8.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI____(notfall)inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.(hadn’tfallen)

9.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit___(break).(werebroken)

10.Butforthehelpyougaveme,I_______________________(notpass)theexaminations.(wouldn’thavepassed)

練習(xí)

1.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we__________allright.

A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.maybe

2.________morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.

A.IfthecaptainwereB.Hadthecaptainbeen

C.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen

3.Ifhe_________metomorrow,Iwouldlethimknow.

A.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenable

C.werenotableD.arenotable

4.Ifyouaskedyourfather,you______________permission.

A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavecalledD.maybeget

5._____________today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves

6.______Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.

A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were

7.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he______ourchairmannow.

A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.wouldbe

8.__________theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday

A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor

9.LookattheterriblesituationIamin!IfonlyI_____________youradvice

A.followB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.havefollowed

10.Ifthehorsewontoday,it_____________thirtyracesinthepastfiveyears.

A.wouldhavewonB.wonC.musthavewonD.didhavewon

11.Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_______asuddenloudnoise.A.beingthereB.shouldtherebeC.therewasD.therehavingbeen

12.Ifyouhadn’ttakensuchalongtimetogetdressed,we’d_________therebynow.

A.beB.havebeenC.wereD.been

13.IwishI___________withherinthefuture.

A.wouldbeB.amC.wasD.were

14.Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI_______________toit.

A.hadnotgoneB.havenotgoneC.didnotgoD.cannothavegone

15.Georgewouldcertainlyhaveattendedthemeeting,____________________.

A.ifhedidn’tgetaflattireB.iftheflattirehadn’thappened

C.hadhenothadaflattireD.hadthetirenotflatteneditself

16.Theteachersuggestedthatherstudents_____________experienceswithESP.

A.writeacompositionontheirB.towritecompositionaboutthe

C.wrotesomecompositionsofhisorherD.hadwrittenanycompositionsforhis

17.HespeaksChineseasfluentlyasifhe______________aChinese.

A.wereB.hadbeenC.isD.hasbeen

18.Lookingroundthetown,hefeltasthoughhe______________awayforages.

A.hasbeenB.wasC.isD.hadbeen

19.Mostinsuranceagentswouldratheryou___________anythingaboutcollectingclaimsuntiltheyinvestigatethesituation.

A.doB.don’tC.didn’tD.didn’tdo

20.ItisimportantthattheTOEFLoffice________yourregistration.

A.willconfirmB.confirmC.confirmsD.mustconfirm

21.Withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftoday’sadvancedtechnology__________.

A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachieved

C.wouldnothavebeenachievedD.hadnotbeenachieved

22.________she________yesterday,shewouldmeetthefamoussingertoday.

A.If,didn’tleaveB.Had,notleftC.Hadn’t,leftD.Didn’t,leave

23.Itistimethatthegovernment____measurestoprotecttherarebirdsandanimals.

A.takesB.tookC.hastakenD.taking

24.Somepeoplearetooparticularaboutschoolrecords,insistingthateveryapplicant________alldiplomasfromelementaryschooltouniversity.

A.hasB.willhaveC.shouldhaveD.musthave

25.Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwisehe_____tothemeeting.

A.wouldcomeB.cameC.wouldhavecomeD.hadcome

26.IfIhadseenthemovie,I______________youallaboutitnow.

A.wouldtellB.willtellC.havetoldD.wouldhavetold

27.IhadhopedthatJohn_______ayearinAfrica,buthestayedthereonlyforthreemonths.A.spendsB.spentC.wouldspendD.willspend

28.It’shightimethey____________thisroad.

A.mendB.mendedC.musthavemendedD.willmend

29.It’sabouttimepeople______noticeofwhatwomendidduringthewar.

A.takeB.tookC.havetakenD.willtake

30.He’sworkinghardforfearthathe_____________.

A.shouldfallbehindB.fellbehind

C.mayfallbehindD.wouldfallbehind

31.Inthepastmengenerallypreferredthattheirwives______________inthehome.

A.workedB.wouldworkC.workD.wereworking

32.Forachildtogiveuphislessmatureideaforamorematureone,itrequiresthatthechild_____psychologicallyreadyforthenewidea.

A.isB.wereC.beD.wouldbe

33.Youradvicethat_____________tillnextweekisreasonable.

A.shewaitsB.shewaitC.waitsheD.shewaited

34.Itwasessentialthatwe______lease(租約)beforetheendofthemonth.

A.signB.signedC.hadsignedD.weresigning

35.Iadvisedthatthesickchild________ahospitalassoonaspossible.

A.shouldsendtoB.shouldbesent

C.besenttoD.mustbesentto

36.Theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay________be20percent.

A.beraisedB.wouldberaisedC.raisedD.raise

37.Theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody________therules.

A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey

38.Mysuggestionisthatshe________moreexercise,whichwilldoalotof

goodtoher.A.takesB.musttakeC.takeD.took

39.IfonlyI________drivingbefore.

A.learnB.learnedC.hadlearnedD.wouldlearn

40.Fiveminutesearlier,andwe____________thelastbus.

A．hadcaughtB.shouldhavecaughtC.couldhavecaughtD.caught

41.Wedidntknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewe_________him.

A.wouldhavetelephonedB.musthavetelephoned

C.wouldtelephoneD.hadtelephoned

42.Itisrecommendedthattheproject____untilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.

A.isnotstartedB.willnotbestarted

C.notbestartedD.isnottobestarted

43.Fromwhatyouhavesaid,itisclearthatUNICEFwouldn’tbesopopularitnotdonesomuchforchildren.

A.ifB.hadC.shouldD.were

44.“Itlooksasifheweredrunk.”“Soitdoes.________________.”

A.He’dbettergiveupdrinking.

B.Heshouldn’thavedrunksomuch.

C.Healthismoreimportantthandrink.

D.Iwonderwhyheisalwaysdoingso.

45.“Marylookshotanddry.”“So________youifyouhadsohighafever.”

A.doB.areC.willD.would

46.______smoking,hewouldnothavegotcancerinthelung.

A.WashegivenupB.HadhegivenupC.DidhegiveD.Ifhegaveup

47.“I’vetoldeveryoneaboutit.”“Oh,I’dratheryou__________.”

A.don’tB.hadn’tC.didn’tD.wouldn’t

1~20:ABABCDDBCABAAACAADDB

21~40:CBBCCACBBACCBACABCCC

41—47.ACBDDBB

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高二英語Scienceversusnature教案

高二英語Scienceversusnature教案
Verb-edform
一、V-ed分詞具有形容詞和副詞性質(zhì)，在句中可充當定語、表語、賓語補語、狀語。
1．作定語
過去分詞作定語，表示已經(jīng)完成的被動的動作或狀態(tài),但不及物動詞構(gòu)成的過去分詞只表示完成，而不表示被動意義。
例如：完成+被動：apollutedriveralockedroomawell-educatedman
只有完成：aretiredworkerafallenleafboiledwater
作定語的V-ed分詞也有前置和后置兩種情況。單個過去分詞作定語，常常位于被修飾的名詞前；而過去分詞短語作定語時，常常位于被修飾的名詞后面，相當于一個定語從句。
Eg.1).Youshouldimproveyourspoken(speak)English.
2).What’sthelanguagespoken(speak)inthatarea?
=.What’sthelanguagewhich/thatisspoken(speak)inthatarea?
3).Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeopletrappedinthefire.
=Thefiremenweretryingtorescuethepeoplewhowastrappedinthefire.
4).Themeeting,attendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.
=Themeeting,whichwasattendedbyonethousandstudents,wasasuccess.
2．作表語
作表語的V-ed分詞大多轉(zhuǎn)化成為形容詞，通常用于聯(lián)系動詞之后（例如be,seem,appear,look,sound,feel,remain,stay,become,get等），表示主語所處的狀態(tài)
1).Edisonbecameinterested(interest)insciencewhenhewasveryyoung.
2).Shelooksveryexcited(excite)atthenews.
3).WhenIwascleaningthewindow,myfingergotcut(cut)unexpectedly.
3．作賓語補足語
如果賓語與后面作賓補的動詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，則使用V-ed分詞作賓補?？梢詭-ed分詞作賓補的詞有：with,see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,feel,sense,find,leave,keep,get,have,make.
1).Ihadmymoneystolen(steal)onthebus.
2).AsheknowslittleEnglish,hefindsitdifficulttomakehimselfunderstood(understand).
3).Inthemorning,peoplewokeupandfoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged(change).
4．作狀語
作狀語的V-ed分詞與主句之間常有逗號隔開,在句中可表示時間,原因,條件,讓步,伴隨等情況,并可轉(zhuǎn)化為相應(yīng)的狀語從句。作狀語的V-ed和主句的主語常有被動關(guān)系。
1)時間狀語
Seenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.
=Whentheearthisseenfromspace,itlooksblue.

Askedwhathadhappened,heloweredhishead.
=Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,heloweredhishead.
2)原因狀語
Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.
=Ashewasbornintoapoorfamily,hehadonlytwoyearsofschooling.
Becausetheyweremovedbythestory,theydecidedtohelpher.
=Movedbythestory,theydecidedtohelpher.
3)條件狀語
Givenmoretime,wearesuretofinishit.
=Ifwearegivenmoretime,wearesuretofinishit.
Comparedwithotherprofessors,sheisanexcellentspeaker.
=.
4)讓步狀語
Laughedatbyeverybody,hehadmysympathy.
=Thoughhewaslaughedatbyeverybody,hehadmysympathy.
Eventhoughhewasdefeatedbyhisopponent,hestillisaheroinmyheart.
=Defeatedbyhisopponent,hestillisaheroinmyheart.
5)伴隨狀語
Theboysatatthetableburiedinhishomework.
=Theboysatatthetableandhewasburiedinhishomework.
Thegirllayinbedlostinthought.
=Thegirllayinbedandshewaslostinthought.
Iwillspendthenightlocked(lock)inyourroom.
Shelefttherestaurant,disappointed(disappoint)withthebadservice.
二、轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的V-ed
有一些過去分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞,失去被動意義,僅表狀態(tài)。如:hidden,dressed,lost,seated,determined,absorbed,injured,based,surprised,satisfied,bored,tired…
e.gWhatmadeyousofrightened?
Thedog,boredwiththegame,willnotplayanymore.
=Thedog,whichisboredwiththegame,willnotplayanymore.
Muchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.
=Ashewasmuchinterested,heagreedtogiveitatry.
Seatedinthecar,thePresidentwavedtothecrowd.
=Whilehewasseatedinthecar,thePresidentwavedtothecrowd.
三、連詞+V-ed
過去分詞有時和連詞(when,while,whenever,until,if,unless,once,though,
although，eventhough/if)一起用，相當于狀語從句的緊縮式。
（注意：before/after后不直接跟V-ed分詞，而用before/after＋beingdone,因為此時分詞前的before/after是介詞。）
Ifaccepted(accept)forthispost,youwillbeinformedbyMay1st.
Unlesschanged(change),thislawwillmakelifedifficultforfarmers.
Iwillnotgiveupmyplaneveniftold(tell)to.
Thesemachinesmustbecheckedbeforebeingused(use).

四、tobedone,beingdone,done,havingbeendone作定語的區(qū)別：
以上四種形式都表示被動，都可作定語。tobedone表示即將被…;beingdone表示正在被…;done表示被做過了…;havingbeendone作非限制性定語，和被修飾詞用逗號隔開,強調(diào)在謂語動詞的動作之前完成。
Thequestiontobediscussed(discuss)tomorrowinvolvespollution.
Thequestiondiscussed(discuss)yesterdayinvolvespollution.
Thequestionbeingdiscussed(discuss)nowinvolvespollution.
Thequestion,havingbeendiscussed(discuss)foryears,involvespollution.
五、done,havingbeendone作狀語的區(qū)別：
beingdone一般在句中不作狀語,而用done代替之。havingbeendone強調(diào)動作在謂語動作之前完成,或已經(jīng)持續(xù)一段時間的動作,常用作時間和原因狀語,done則不強調(diào)時間先后和持續(xù)一段時間。
Led(lead)bythelocalguide,wewentfurtherintotheforest.
Havingbeentaken(take)goodcareofforhalfayear,thepatientbecamefarbetter.
Havingbeentranslated(translate)intomanylanguages,thenoveliswell-knownthroughouttheworld.

練習(xí)：
1.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.
A．carryoutB．carryingoutC．carriedoutD．tocarryout
2.AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot_________frommyfriends.
A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed
3.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen______atthemeetingbymyboss.
A.questioningB.havequestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned
4.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.Youvehadit____oftenenough.
A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained
5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.
A．beginsB．havingbegun　?C．beginningD．begun
6._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythepolice.
A.HavingbeenlostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing
7.______inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.
A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed
8.Isatbeforethedeskuntilaftermid-night,_____inwriting.
A.beingabsorbedB.absorbedC.tobeabsorbedD.absorbing
9.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents________.
A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry
10.______withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall
A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared
11.When______differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.
A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared
12.______intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.
A.PutB.PuttingC.HavingbeenputD.Beingput
13._________bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarm.
A．AttractingB．AttractedC．TobeattractedD．Havingattracted
14.Whenfirst______tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess
A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced
15.____andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.
A.SurprisingB.SurprisedC.BeingsurprisedD.Tobesurprising
16.Isthisthewatchyouwish_____?
A.tohaverepairedB.torepairitC.tohaveitrepairedD.willberepaired
17._____manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.
A.HavingbeentoldB.Thoughhehadbeentold
C.HewastoldD.Havingtold
18.______behindthedoor,Iwasn’tfoundbythefellow.
A.HiddenB.TohideC.HideD.Havinghidden
19.Helenhadtoshout_____abovethesoundofthemusic.
A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhear
C.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard
20.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain___astheplanewasmakingalanding.
A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating
21.You’dbetterhaveyoursportsjacket_____.It’stoodirty.
A.towashB.washedC.washingD.wash
22.Mostoftheguests_____totheChristmaspartywerecollegestudentsfromforeigncountries.
A.beinginvitedB.invitingC.invitedD.tobeinvited
23.Thecar_______inGermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow.
A.producedB.producingC.toproduceD.whichproduced
24.Iwillgototheparty________.
A.ifinvitedB.ifhavinginvitedC.ifIwasinvitedD.ifIwillbeinvited
25.Thestudents,____atthewaythequestionwasput,didn’tknowhowtoanswerit.
A.beingsurprisedB.surprisedC.surprisingD.havingsurprised
26._____theirstudy,manyChinesestudentsoverseasreturntoChina.
A.HavingbeencompletedB.CompletedC.HavingcompletedD.Completing
27.SwanLakeisafamousballetinfouracts,_____onaGermanfairytale.
A.basingB.basedC.tobaseD.bases
28.______fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanycountryintheworld.
A.BeingseparatedB.HavingseparatedC.HavingbeenseparatedD.Tobeseparated
29._____suchheavypollution,theriverisunlikelytobecleanedupinsuchashorttime.
A.SufferB.HavingsufferedC.BeingsufferedD.Tosuffer
Keys:1-5CACDD6-10AABAD11-15CABBB16-20ACADC21-25BCAAB
26-29CBCB

高二英語MainlyRevision教案

2011高一英語學(xué)案：M3U2project（牛津譯林版必修3）
Learningcontent:ProjectM3U2
LearningAims:1.Trainthestudents’writing,readingandspeakingabilities.
2.GetthestudentstotalkaboutwritingabookletaboutChinesecharacters.
3.Getthestudentstocooperatewithothers.
Learningdifficultiesandimportantpoints:Howtohelpthestudentsfinishthetasksofwritingandspeaking.
PeriodOne:課前預(yù)習(xí)：
Ⅰ。TranslateChineseintoEnglish
1.與……不同_________________________2.代表_________________________
3.組成_______________________________4.根據(jù)________________________
5.總體來說________________6.由……構(gòu)成_________________________
7.失明____________________8.在戰(zhàn)爭時期_________________________
9.實用用途___________________________10.致力于______________________
11.有自己的盲文版本___________________________

Ⅱ。ReadthearticleatP38andanswerquestions.
1.HowoldistheChinesewriting?
2.WhoinventedChinesecharacters?
3.HowwasChinesewritinginvented?
4.WhendidtheChinesegovernmentsimplifiedcharacters?

III.Readthepassageagainanddividethepassageintoseveralparts,thengivethemainideaofeachpart
Para.1.__________________________________________________-
Para.2._____________________________________________________
Para.3-6_______________________________________________________
Para.7-8_________________________________________________________

自主學(xué)習(xí)過程：
1.ThechineselanguagediffersfromWesternlanguagesinthat,insteadofanalphabet,itusecharacterswhichstandforideas,objectsordeeds.
which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞characters.
differfrom和……不同，不同于
e.g.FrenchdiffersfromEnglishinthisrespect.
AdiffersfromB=AandBdiffer=AisdifferentfromBA和B不同
differin在……方面不同
differwithsbabout/on/oversth在某事上與某人意見不同
inthat在于，因為，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句
e.g.Shewasfortunateinthatshehadfriendstohelpher.
standfor代表，容忍，支持，主張
e.g.The“PO”standforPostOffice.
I’mnotstandingforitanylonger.
Ihatedtheorganizationandallitstoodfor.

standby袖手旁觀standdown退出比賽standout顯眼standupfor支持，維護
standupto勇敢面對，經(jīng)得起
deed行為，行動
Abrave/charitable/evildeed

2.Chinesewordsareformedbyputtingtogetherdifferentcharacter.
form形成，構(gòu)成，組織，養(yǎng)成，培養(yǎng)（v）形狀，外形，形式，表格（n）
e.g.Ican’tformanyideaoropinionaboutit.
Oneshouldformagoodhabitofreadingwhenyoung.
Pleasefillthisforminink.

Amatterofform例行公事，禮節(jié)問題intheformof以……的形式
aftertheformof照……的格式inform表現(xiàn)正常，情況良好
taketheformof采取……的形式beoutoftheform處于不良的競技狀態(tài)

3.Onewinterdaywhilehewashunting……
hunt打獵，追尋
e.g.ahuntingdoggohunting
beonthehuntfor正在尋找，在尋求……中thehuntforsb/sth尋找某人、某物
huntfor/after追逐，尋找，搜索ahunterforfame一個追求名譽的人

4.Somecharactershavebeensimplifiedandothershavebeenmademoredifficultovertime.
simplify使簡明，使簡易，簡化
e.g.trytosimplifyyourexplanationforthechildren.
simplification簡化simplified簡化的
overtime久而久之，隨著時間的推移，over強調(diào)一種動態(tài)的時間
e.g.thecolourofthecarpetwillnotfadeovertime.

5.Sometimestoexpressideas,somecharacterweremadebycombiningtwoormorecharacterstogether.
combine使結(jié)合，使聯(lián)合
combinesthwith/andsth把……和……聯(lián)合起來
e.g.canironcombinewithwaterandoxygentoformrust?

6.It’seasytodistinguishtheirmeaningbylookingatthem.…………“up”and“down”,whichareoppositesofeachother.
distinguish①區(qū)分，分辨，分清distinguishbetween……and……=distinguish…..from…..
e.g.Atwhatagearechildrenabletodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong?
②使具有……特色，使有別于……
e.g.Whatwasitthatdistinguishedherfromherclassmates?
③看清，聽出，認出
e.g.Icouldnotdistinguishherwords,butshesoundedexcited.
④使出眾，使著名distinguishoneselfas作為……而使某人杰出
e.g.Shehasalreadydistinguishedherselfasanathlete.
distinct有區(qū)別的，不同的distinction差別，不同，區(qū)分，分辨
distinguishable可辨別的distinguished杰出的，著名的，高貴的，有尊嚴的
opposite①對立面，反面(n)
e.g.Hotandcoldareopposites
②相反的，迥然不同的,對面的，另一邊的(adj)
e.g.Shetriedcalminghimdown,butitseemedtobehavingtheoppositeeffect.
Theshopisontheoppositesideofthestreet.
③與……相反，在……對面(prep)
e.g.Thepeoplesittingoppositeuslookedveryfamiliar.
thecompleteopposite恰恰相反quitetheopposite正好相反
(be)oppositeto與……相對，和……相反

7.Thoughthesekindsofcharactersindicatemeaning,oneoftheirshortcomingsisthat……….
Indicate①指示，標示
Thereisasighindicatingtherighttofollow.
②象征，暗示……的可能性
Theredskyatnightindicatesfineweatherthefollowingday.
indicatesthtosb向某人暗示，表明某事
Indicatethat……..顯示，象征
Shortcoming缺點，短處，
Everyonehashisownshortcoming.

8.Inthosedays,booksforblindpeopleusedpaperpressedagainstmetalwiretoformletters.
Press按，壓，榨，擠(v)記者，新聞界（n）
press…against/on…..把……按在……上
presssthintosth把某物壓入某物中
presssbtodosth督促某人做某事
Ihadtopressmyselfagainstthewalltoletthempass.
Shepressedthemoneyintohishand.
Shepressedhergueststostayalittlelonger.
Thestorywasreportedinthepressandontelevision.

9.Thewholesystemwasnotconvenientforuse.
convenient便利的，方便的，附近的，容易到達的
beconvenientforsb/sth對某人、某物來說很便利
Ifitisconvenientforsb如果某人方便的話
Atyourconvenience在你方便的時候
e.g.I’mafraidthisisn’taconvenientmomentforyoutoseehim.

10…………….duringtimesofbattle.
battle斗爭，戰(zhàn)役，奮斗，較量
e.g.Knowtheenemyandknowyourself,andyoucanfightahundredbattleswithnodangerofdefeat.
acceptthebattle應(yīng)戰(zhàn)gainabattle戰(zhàn)勝
Battleagainst與……戰(zhàn)斗battlefor為……而戰(zhàn)

11.Eachletterofthealphabetwasrepresentedbyadifferentpatternwhichconsistedoftwelvedots.
pattern方式，形式，圖案，榜樣，樣板
e.g.thediseaseisnotfollowingitsusualpattern.
Theclothhasapatternofredandwhitesquares.
Thesuccessofthecoursesetapatternforthetrainingofthenewemployees.
Step2Exercises
Fillintheblankswiththephrasesfromtheboxbelow.
overtimeaccordingtodifferfrominthatthiswayturn…into
asawholedevelop…into
1.OldEnglish_______greatly_____themodernEnglishweusetoday.
2.Lifeontheislandhaschanged__________becauseofthegrowingnumberoftouristswhovisititeveryyear.
3.______________thetickets,thetrainwillleaveat8:30.We’dbetterhurrytogettothestationontime!
4.Shesaiditwastheteacher’spraiseandencouragementthat______her______agoodstudent.
5.Installthisspellchecksoftwareonyourcomputer.Youwillavoidmakingspellingmistakes__________.
6.Consideringyouridea____________,Ithinkitwillcontributesignificantlytothedevelopmentofthecompany.However,itmaycausesomeproblemsaswell.
7.Iwaslucky_________IwasabletofindwhatIwanted.

Step3Homework:
1.DoPartsB1andB2onpage93inworkbook.
2.DoPartsD1andD2onpage95inworkbook.
3.Reviewwordsandphrasesinthisunit.

高二英語Understandingeachother教案

虛擬語氣（TheSubjunctiveMood）

虛擬語氣用于表示主觀愿望和假設(shè)的虛擬情況。所講的內(nèi)容往往是與事實相反的；或是其實現(xiàn)的可能性微乎其微，甚至于沒有實現(xiàn)的可能性。當然，有時為了使說話的語氣客氣、緩和、委婉，也使用虛擬語氣.

虛擬語氣是英語語法中的難點。考生應(yīng)主要掌握虛擬語氣在下列情況下的用法：

①虛擬語氣在非真實條件句中的用法；

②在賓語從句中的用法；

②在狀語從句中的用法；

④及主語從句、同位語從句、表語從句中的用法；

⑤在一些特殊句型中的用法等。

一、用于非真實條件句中的虛擬語氣

。

If從句的謂語形式

主句的謂語形式

與過去事實相反

haddone

wouldhavedone

與現(xiàn)在事實相反

did/were

woulddo

與將來事實相反

did/were

shoulddo

weretodo

woulddo

注意點：

1.省略If當條件狀語從句的謂語含有were,had,should時，可以將它們放在句首，省略if。

1.Ifheshouldactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.

=Shouldheactlikethatagain,hewouldbefiredimmediately.

2.Ifyouwerethemanagerhere,whatwouldyoudo?

=___Wereyouthemangerhere_______________,whatwouldyoudo?

______Ifitshouldrain____/_________Shoulditrain____tomorrow(如果明天下雪),wewouldputoffourcelebration.

__Ifyouhadattended______/___Hadyouattended______________thelecture(如果你聽了講座),youcouldhaveknownthespecialcustoms.

2.錯綜時間條件句

當條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，被稱為"錯綜時間條件句",動詞的形式要分別根據(jù)它所表示的不同時間作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整

1）Ifhehadfollowedthedoctorsadvice，hewouldrecoveralready．如果他遵照醫(yī)生的勸告，現(xiàn)在病就好了。（從句與過去事實相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反。）

2）IfI___were______(be)you，I__wouldn’thavemissed___(notmiss)thefilmlastnight．

3)Iftheboy__________hadn’tsaved_(notsave)thisafternoon,hisfamily_wouldn’tbe_(notbe)inpeacenow.

4)Ifyouworked(work)hardnow,you_wouldget___(get)agoodjobinthefuture.

5)Ifhehadn’tbeencaught(notcatch)intherainyesterday,he______wouldn’tbe__(notbe)illnow.

二．虛擬語氣用于某些從句中的情況：
1）在主語從句中
在It+be+形容詞/名詞+that從句的結(jié)構(gòu)中，由于某些形容詞/名詞的原因，that從句中的謂語動詞要用虛擬式"should+動詞原形"或是"動詞原形"。

這類形容詞/名詞常見的有：important（重要的）,necessary(必要的）,strange（奇怪的）,natural（自然的）,essential（絕對必要的）,urgent（緊急的）,advisable(明智的),regretful（遺憾的）,duty（義務(wù)、責(zé)任）,apity（遺憾）,nowonder（難怪）,aregret（遺憾）：
Itisstrangethathe___say______________(say)so.

Itisagreatpitythatyou____think_____________(think)so.
Itisnaturalthatabird___rest_________(rest)intrees.
Itisnecessarythathe___besent___________(send)toBeijingrightaway.

另外，下列結(jié)構(gòu)中主語從句的謂語動詞也要求用虛擬語氣：
Itisorderedthat…(根據(jù)命令、要求……),Itisproposedthat…(人們建議……)
Itisdesiredthat…(最好、需要……),Itisrequestedthat…(人們要求……)
Itissuggestedthat…(有人建議……),Itisrecommendedthat…(有人推薦……)
Itisdemandedthat…(根據(jù)要求……),等。例如：
ItissuggestedthattheEnglishevening_beheld________(hold)onSaturday.

2)在賓語從句中
一個堅持，兩個命令，三個建議，四個要求。即1.insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞使用should+v，或者將should省略。以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語也要使用虛擬語氣。(order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire)

Heproposedthatwe_set________(set)adeadlineforthecomplementoftheplan.
Theyrequestedthatwe__send___________(send)adelegationtotheircountry.
Isuggestedthathe___set_______(set)offforourheadquartersstraightaway.
注意：當insist表示“堅持說”、suggest表示“表明，顯示”時，不用虛擬語氣。

Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathe__was________(be)quitesatisfiedwithwhatIhaddoneforhim.

Heinsistedthathe_was__________(be)honest.

3)在表語從句和同位語從句中
名詞suggestion（建議）,proposal（提議）,order（命令）,recommendation（推薦），advice(建議)等后面所接的表語從句和同位語從句中，謂語動詞要用"(should)+動詞原形"：
Mysuggestionisthathe__leave_______(leave)forLondonatonce.

Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe__put_________(put)onaplayattheEnglishevening?

4)在狀語從句中
asif、asthough（似乎，仿佛）引出的方式狀語從句，如果表示真實情況應(yīng)該用陳述語氣；如果表示非真實情況則應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣,過去用haddone,現(xiàn)在用did/were,將來用woulddo

Theyaretalkingasifthey__hadbeen_________(be)friendsforyears.

Theteachertreatsthestudentsasifthey_were_________(be)hisownchildren.

Theyaretalkingandtalkingasifthey____wouldn’tmeet_____(notmeet)again

5)在Itis(high)timethatsbdid/weresth從句中"該是……的時候了",

Itistimethatwe__got______(get)readyforthefinalexamination.

Itishightimethatwe__had_______(have)ourlunch.

6)在Ifonly/wish…從句中"要是……就好了"、"但愿……"

過去：haddone現(xiàn)在：did/were將來：woulddo
Ifonlyhe____wouldfind_______(find)asatisfactoryjobafterhisgraduation.

IfonlyI__were_________(be)arichmannow.

Ifonlyhe___hadcome________(come)thismorning.

7)wouldratherthat“寧愿”過去：haddone現(xiàn)在/將來：did/were

Iwouldratheryou_paid______(pay)menow.

Iwouldratheryou__hadgone_________(go)yesterday.

Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryou_came________(come)tomorrow.

一：動詞填空

1.IfIwere(be)you,Iwouldgotherewithhim.

2.IfI_hadworked________(work)hardintheschool,Iwouldbe(be)acollegestudentnow.

3.Hadhefollowed(follow)youradvice,hewouldhavepassedtheexaminations.

4.Ifyoushouldnotcome/came/werenottocome(notcome)heretomorrow,we_wouldcancel_________(cancel)themeeting.

5.Ifmotherhadhad(have)yesterday,she_wouldhavebought________(buy)meapresent.

6.----Ifhehadbeenwarned__(warn),hewouldn’thavetaken__(nottake)thatfood.

----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.

7.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwehaddriven____(drive)inturn,you_wouldn’thavegot_____(notget)sotired.

8.Ifyou__hadtaken__(take)yourmedicineyesterday,youwouldbe(be)wellnow.

選擇題：

1.Wedemandedthatwe__________ofanychangeintheplan.

A)informedB)wouldbeinformedC)beinformedD)hadbeeninformed

2.It’snecessarythathe_________arecognizedqualification.

A)hasB)haveC)hadD)having

3.Itshightimewe____________ourattentiontothisproblem.

A)turnedB)turnC)hadturnedD)wouldturn

4.Ifonlyyou__________himwhatIsaid!Everythingwouldhavebeenallright.

A)didnttoldB)hadnttoldC)wouldnottellD)wouldhavenottold

5.Muchlaborwouldhavebeensavediftheelectroniccomputers_____________before.

A)hadinventedB)wereinventedC)shouldhavebeeninventedD)hadbeeninvented

6._____________ceaseadvertising,priceswouldbesignificantlyreduced.

A)WeretheytoB)CouldtheyC)IftheyD)Wouldthey

7.You____________theclothes!Wehaveawasherwomantodothatsortofthing.

A)shouldnthavewashedB)mustnthavewashed

C)cannothavewashedD)neednthavewashed

8.Jeandoesntwanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe_________ajobsheprobablywouldntbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.

A)hastogetB)weretogetC)hadgotD)couldhavegot

9.Itispolitelyrequestedbythehotelmanagementthatradios______after11oclockatnight.

A)werenotplayedB)nottoplayC)notbeplayedD)didnotplay

10.Youdonthavetobeinsuchahurry.Iwouldratheryou_________onbusinessfirst.

A)wouldgoB)willgoC)wentD)havegone

11.Itisimportantthatenoughmoney___________tofundtheproject.

A)becollectedB)mustbecollectedC)wascollectedD)canbecollected

12.Ifonlythecommittee__________theregulationsandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.

A)approveB)willapproveC)canapproveD)wouldapprove

13.IdontthinkitadvisablethatTom________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.

A)isassignedB)willbeassignedC)beassignedD)hasbeenassigned

14.You_________herinherofficelastFriday;shesbeenoutoftownfortwoweeks.

A)neednthaveseenB)musthaveseenC)mighthaveseenD)couldn’thaveseen

15.Itisrecommendedthattheproject_________untilallthepreparationshavebeenmade.

A)isnotstartedB)willnotbestartedC)notbestartedD)isnottobestarted

16.IwishI________longerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandcometoclass.

A)couldhavesleptB)sleptC)mighthavesleptD)haveslept

17.I________hertothepartybutIdidntknowherwell.

A)oughthaveinvitedB)wouldhaveinvitedC)shouldinviteD)mayhaveinvited

18.You________totowntoseethefilmlastweek.ItwillbeonTVtomorrow.

A)needntgoB)shouldnotgoC)hadbetternotgoD)neednthavegone

19.Withallthisworkonhand,he__________tothecinemalastnight.

A)mustntgoB)wouldntgoC)oughtnttogoD)shouldnthavegone

20.Itwasessentialthattheapplicationforms___________backbeforethedeadline

A)mustbesentB)wouldbesentC)besentD)weresent

21.________intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepassword

ofyourE-mailaccount.

A.WhatisrequiredB.Whatrequires

C.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires

22．Thechairmanthought_____necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.A.thatB.itC.thisD.him
23.---Dontyouthinkitnecessarythathe_______toMiamibuttoNewYork?

----Iagree,buttheproblemis________hehasrefusedto.

A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;that

C.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what

Answers:CBABDADBCCADCDCABDDCCBB

高二英語Thebritishisles教案

高二英語Thebritishisles教案
TeachingPlan
Unit5TheBritishIsles
ReadingTHEBRITISHISLES
Teachingobjectives
1.Knowledgeobjectives:Tohelpthestudentsknowaboutthehistory,geography,climate,languagesandcultureoftheBritishIsles.
2.Abilityobjectives：Enablethestudentstodescribeaplacetoothersintheirclass,usingtargetlanguage.
3.Moralobjectives：ToletStudentshaveabriefunderstandingofcultureoftheBritishIsles.
4.Learningstrategies：Tosomeextend,studentsdeveloptheabilitiesofstudy,effectivecommunication,dealingwithinformationandthinkingandexpressinginEnglish.
Teachingimportantdifficultpoints
1.Toimprovethestudents’readingability.
2.Howtoletthestudentsmastertheknowledgeofnounclause.
3.Todevelopsomebasicskillsofdescribingaplace.
Teachingmethods
Listening,skimming,groupwork,task-basedapproach
Teachingprocedures
Step1:Warmingup
ShowsomepicturesofUK.

Step2:Answeringquestions:
1.WhatdoesUKstandfor?(TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland)
2.DoyouknowhowmanypartstheUKismadeupof?(Scotland/England/Wales-----Britain+NorthernIreland-----theUK+theRepublicofIreland----theBritishIsles)
3.WhatisthenationalflowerofUK?(Rose)
4.WhatisthecapitalofUK?(London)

Step3:Pre-reading
Listentothetapeanddiscussthesequestionswithyourpartnerandreportyourwork.
1.WhatarethemostimportantfactsaboutUK?
2.HowmanycountriesmakeuptheBritishIsles?（Two.Scotland/England/Wales—UK/Ireland）
3.WhatisGreatBritain?GreatBritainisreallyanationofdifferentcountriesheldtogetherbyacommonlanguageandculture.
4.What’stheweatherintheBritishIsleslike?TheclimateoftheBritishIslesismildwithalotofrain.Scotlandiscolderthroughouttheyear.Italsohasplentyofrain.
5.FromwheredidthecultureofthepeopleintheBritishIslesreceivemuchinfluence?TheEuropeanmainland
6.WhoconqueredGreatBritainin1066?What’stheresultofitsinfluence?
French.TheresultwasthatthereweremanyFrenchwordsintheEnglishlanguage,suchastable,animalage.
7.WhicharethefirsttwocountriesthatjoinedtheUK?EnglandandWales.
8.WhatlanguagedopeoplethroughouttheBritishIslesspeaknow?English

Step4:While-reading
Getthestudentscomprehendthepassagequicklyandaccurately,andmeanwhiledividethewholepassageintoseveralpartsandfindoutthemainideaofeachpart.
Part1(Para.1-2)GeneralintroductiontotheUK(showthemapandletthestudentspointdoexercise1)
Part2(Para.2)TheclimateoftheBritishIslesismildwithalotofrain.
Part3(Para.4-5)ThecultureofthepeopleintheBritishIsleshasreceivedmuchinfluencefromtheEuropeanmainland.
Part4(Para.6)TheUnitedKingdomhasalonghistory.
Part5(Para.7)SixspokenlanguagesareconsideredtobenativetotheBritishIslesaswellastwolocalaccents.

Step5:Languagefocus:
1.TheideathatEnglandstandsforFishChip,theSpeakers’Corner,BigBenandtheTowerofLondonispast.
“standfor”means“tobeasignorshortformof,represent,mean”
e.g.ThelettersNBCstandforNationalBroadcastingCompanyInc.
2.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreecountriesisstillunknowntomany.
e.g.Ourclassismadeupoftwentygirlsandtwenty-fiveboys.
3.…therehasbeenagrowingmovementtomakethemostofitsculturaldiversity.
“makethemostof”means“putsomethingtothebestpossibleuse”
e.g.Hedoesn’tdowellbecausehedoesn’tmakethemostofhisability.
4.TheBritishIslesisagroupofislandsthatliesoffthewestcoastofEurope.
“l(fā)ieoff”means“tostaynotfarfromtheshoreoranothership”
e.g.Wecouldseetheshiplyingofftheharbor.
5.ThelargestislandiscalledBritain,whichisseparatedfromFrancebytheEnglishChannel,whichareatonepointisonly20mileswide.
e.g.Sheisatthepointofthedeath.
6.TherearesixspokenlanguagesthatareconsideredtobenativetotheBritishIslesplustwolocalaccents.
“beconsideredtobe”means“beregardedas”
e.g.Heisconsideredtobeaweakleader.
7.Theyrealizethatitisofgreatvaluetorecordandteachthemtotheyoungergeneration.
“beofgreatvalue”means“beveryvaluable”
e.g.Acollegeeducationisofgreatvalueinone’slife

Step6Post-reading
TrueorFalse
(F)1.ManypeoplearoundtheworldstudyEnglish,andtheyknowalotaboutBritishculture.
(F)2.GreatBritainismadeupoffourcountries.
(T)3.TheislandofBritainisseparatedfromFrancebytheEnglishChannel.
(F)4.Scotlandiscolderthroughouttheyear,butreceiveslessrain.
(T)5.PeoplefromdifferentpartsofnorthernEuropesettledinEngland,sothecultureofthepeopleoftheBritishIsleswasinfluencedbythem.
(T)6.ThesouthernpartofIrelandisnowanindependentrepublic.
(F)7.Inmoderntime,peoplethroughouttheBritishIslesonlyspeakEnglish.

Readthepassageagainandtrytofillintheblanks.Workingroups..
TheBritishIsles
consistofTwolargeislands:OneiscalledIrelandandtheotherBritain
weatherTheclimateoftheBritishIslesismildwithalotofrain.
cultureThecultureofpeoplehasreceivedmanyinfluencesfromtheEuropeanmainland,suchasinEnglishlanguageyoucanfindmanyFrenchwords.
historyTheUnitedKingdomhasalonghistory.ThefirsttwocountriesformingtheUnionwereEnglandWalesin1536.In1707ScotlandispartoftheUnitedKingdom.
languageInmoderntimes,peoplespeakEnglishthroughouttheBritishIsles.TherearestillpeoplespeaktheolderEuropeanlanguages.
WelshandIrish.TherearesixspokenlanguagesthatareconsideredtobenativetotheBritishIslesplustwolocalaccents.
Checktheanswers,andthenletstudentsfinishanothergroupwork:
ImaginethatyouaregoingonafourweektripthroughtheUK.Makeatravelingplaninwhichyoudescribewhereyouwillgoandwhatclothesandthingsyouwilltake.

Step7Homework
1.Completetheexercises.
2.Findtheclausesledby“that”andanalyzethosesentencesafterclass.
3.Writeacompositionaboutdescribingaplaceandhanditinnextweek.