小學(xué)語(yǔ)文微課教案

Talesoftheunexplained。

M2U1Grammarandusage
PresentperfecttensePresentperfectcontinuoustense
一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
1、構(gòu)成have/hasdone
2、用法
I表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在具有影響。
1）Justinhasdisappeared,soKellyisverysad.
2）Theboyishappy.Hehascaughtabird.
II表示過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或者還將持續(xù)下去。
1）IhavenotseenJustinsinceLastFridaynight.
2)DanielhaslivedinBeijingsincehecametoChina.
III表示動(dòng)作的確切時(shí)間不明確或不重要。此時(shí)下列詞匯經(jīng)常和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用：already,ever,never,for,just,lately/recently,since,yet。
1）Theboyhasalreadycomehome.
2）Ihaven’theardanythingfromhimyet.
其中，for+一段時(shí)間，since+某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)。
e.g.Wehaven’tseenhimfortwodays.Wehaven’tseenhimsincelastMonday.
IV表示到現(xiàn)在為止的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)重復(fù)的動(dòng)作。
1）SomevillagerssaythattheyhaveseenUFOsmanytimes.
2）Ihaveadvisedhimtogiveupsmokingmanytimes,buthejustwon’tlistentome.
V現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可用于下列句型中：
This/Itisthebest/finest/mostinteresting…+that-clause,
This/Itisthefirst/second…time+that-clause,that從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
Itis/hasbeenaperiodoftimesince+一般過(guò)去時(shí)
1）ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveread.
2）ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseenthefilm.
3）Itis/hasbeenalongtimesinceIcametoWuxi.
3、注意
1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不和明確的表示時(shí)間的詞連用，如yesterday,lastweek,in1976等。
2）表示短暫意義的動(dòng)詞，如begin,leave,arrive,return,stop,open,go,come,die等，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。
*ReadthefollowingsentencesandsayTorF.
(1)HehascometoBeijingsincelastyear.F
(2)Hehasbeenhereforthreeyears.T
(3)HehasjoinedthearmyforthreeyearsF
(4)Hehasbeenasoliderfor3years.T
(5)Itis3yearssincehejoinedthearmy.T
(6)Hehasjoinedthearmy.T
二、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
1、構(gòu)成have/hasbeendoing
e.g.Ihaven’tbeensleepingwellsinceIreturnedhome.
2、用法
表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能剛剛停止，也可能仍然在進(jìn)行。
1）--Sorry,I’mlate.Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?
--Yes.Ihavebeenwaiting(wait)foranhour.
2)Sheisverytired.Shehasbeenworking(work)allmorning.
3)Themanstartedworkinginthefieldhalfanhourago.Heisstillworkingnow.
Themanhasbeenworking(work)inthefieldforhalfanhour.
4)Theboystartedhavingdinnerfiveminutesago.Heisstillhavingdinnernow.
Theboyhasbeenhaving(have)dinnersincefiveminutesago.
3、注意
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)多用持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如do,live,learn,lie,stay,wait,stand,study等，
常和allthetime,thisweek,thismonth,allnight,allthemorning,recently等表示現(xiàn)在之前這一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)以及since和for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或從句連用。
e.g.Hehasbeenwatchingtelevisionallday.
IhavebeenlearningEnglishforthreeyears.
She’sbeenplayingtennissinceshewaseight.
Thiswholeweek,hehasbeentrainingsomenewemployees.
Hehasbeensmokingtoomuchrecently.
三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較
1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果；而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性，強(qiáng)調(diào)“一直”，往往表示動(dòng)作仍未結(jié)束。
Ihavebeenreadingthisnovel.我一直在讀這本小說(shuō)。（書不一定看完）
Ihavereadtwonovels.我已讀過(guò)兩本小說(shuō)。（動(dòng)作已完成）
Ihavebeenwritingletters.我一直都在寫信。
Ihavewrittenthreeletters.我已經(jīng)寫完三封信了。
2、有些動(dòng)詞如study,work,live用兩種時(shí)態(tài)都可以，意思差別不大。
Ihavelivedheresince1990./Ihavebeenlivingheresince1990.
Theyhavestudiedtheproblemforquitesometime./Theyhavebeenstudyingtheproblemforquitesometime.
3、有些動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞本身表示一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài)，一般不用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，如be,know,love,remember,understand,see,like,last。
I’veknownhimformanyyears.
Theyhavenotseeneachotherforalongtime.
Thewarhaslastedforalongtime.
動(dòng)詞填空
1.Howlong______you_____________(do)thiswork?(have,beenwaiting)
2.Thereyouare.I_________________(wait)foranhour.(havebeenwaiting)
3.Whyareyourclothessodirty?What______you___________(do)?(have,done)
4.There______________(be)twoworldwarsinthepasthundredyears.(have,been)
5.He_____never_________(drive)acarbefore.(has,driven)
6.We_____________________(marry)forthreeyears.(havebeenmarried)
7.---______you_________(find)yourdog?(Have,found)---No.
8.I______________(notsee)LucysincelastFridaynight.(haven’tseen)
9.We_________________(fish)allafternoon,butwe_____________(notcatch)anyfishyet.(havebeenfishing;haven’tcaught)
10.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmI__________________(see).(haveseen)

鞏固練習(xí)
1.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy_____B___goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.
A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsidering
C.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider
2.Thecrazyfans__B_______patientlyfortwohours,andtheywouldwaittillthemoviestararrived.
A.werewaitingB.hadbeenwaitingChadwaitedD.wouldwait.
3.Thecoffeeiswonderful!Itdoesn’ttastelikeanythingI__C___before.
A.washavingB.haveC.haveeverhadD.hadeverhad
4.Listentothetwogirlsbythewindow.Whatlanguage___C___?
A.didtheyspeakB.weretheyspeaking
C.aretheyspeakingD.havetheybeenspeaking
5.He___D____morethan5,000Englishwordswhenheenteredtheuniversityattheageof15.
A.haslearnedB.wouldhavelearnedC.learnedD.hadlearned
6.BythetimeJanegetshome,heraunt_C____forLondontoattendameeting.
A.willleaveB.leavesC.willhaveleftD.left
7.Father__D___forLondononbusinessuponmyarrival,soIdidn’tseehim.
A.hasleftB.leftC.wasleavingD.hadleft
8.Millionsofpounds’worthofdamage_A___byastormwhichsweptacrossthenorthofEnglandlastnight.
A.hasbeencausedB.hadbeencaused
C.willbecausedD.willhavebeencaused
9.Mybrotherisanactor.He___C_____inseveralfilmssofar.
A.appearsB.appearedC.hasappearedD.isappearing
10.Thecountrylifehewasusedto_B_____greatlysince1992.
A.changeB.haschangedC.changingD.havechanged
11.---Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.
---Oh!Ithoughtthey__C______withoutme.
A.wentB.aregoingC.havegoneD.hadgone
12.Yearsagowedidn’tknowthis,butrecentscience_C___thatpeoplewhodon’tsleepwellsoongetill.
A.showedB.willshowC.hasshownD.isshowing
13.---IsBobstillperforming?
---I’mafraidnot.Heissaid_A___thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.
A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenleftD.tobeleft
14.Unfortunately,whenIgotthere,she__D___,sowehadonlytimeforafewwords.
A.justleftB.hadjustleftC.hasjustleftD.wasjustleaving
15.Theweathermakessomuchtrouble.It__C____everydaysofarthisweek.
A.willrainB.rainsC.hasrainedD.rained
16.ThelasttimeI__D____Jane,she______cottoninthefields.
A.hadseen;waspickingB.saw;picked
C.hadseen;pickedD.saw;waspicking
17.Ann__A____meheraddressbutI’mafraidI______it.
A.gave;havelostB.hadgiven;havelost
C.gives;lostD.hadgiven;lost
18.—Youmayfindthekeytothemathsproblemonpage10.
—Ah,it’ssosimple.IwonderwhyI__C____ofthat.
A.hadn’tthoughtB.haven’tthoughtC.didn’tthinkD.wouldn’tthink
19.—Iheardthepeasantshere___C___verypoorinthepast.
—Yes,butthere______greatchangesinthepastfewyears.
A.havebeen;havebeenB.havebeen;were
C.were;havebeenD.were;were
20.Accordingtothetimetable,theplaneforshanghai_A_____atseven.
A.leavesB.hasleftC.leftD.willleave
21.—Whatwereyoudoingwhenthetelephonerang?
—I__A______awaymybooksand__________tobed.
A.hadjustput;wasgoingB.wasjustputting;went
C.justput;hadgoneD.havejustput;gone
22.—Haveyoufinishedyourhomework,Mary?
—No,I_____C_____mymotherinthekitchenalldayyesterday.
A.wouldhelpB.hadhelpedC.washelpingD.usedtohelp
23.Youshouldn’tgoanywhere;thetrain__B____.
A.willleaveB.isleavingC.leavesD.istoleave
24.HeD___articlesforourwallnewspapertheseyears,andhe___aboutthirtyarticles.
A.haswritten,haswrittenB.hasbeenwriting,wrote
C.iswriting,hasbeenwrittenD.hasbeenwriting,haswritten
25.Tomwasdisappointedthatmostofguests_D____whenhe______attheparty.
A.left,hadarrivedB.hadleft,hadarrived
C.left,arrivedD.hadleft,arrived

高考鏈接
1.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.
—Ithinkso.He___D_____foritformonths.(2008江蘇)
A.ispreparingB.waspreparing
C.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparing
2.Bythetimeherealizeshe_____D____intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(2008山東)
A.walksB.walkedC.haswalkedD.hadwalked
3.Sofarthisyearwe_D_afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.
A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen(08福建)
4.CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe__D___Englishforayear.(2007湖南)
A.studiesB.studiedC.isstudyingD.hasbeenstudying
5.Danny__C__hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.(2007福建)
A.worksB.isworkingC.hasworkedD.hadworked
6.—Ihavegotaheadache.
—Nowonder.You______C___infrontofthatcomputertoolong.(2007江西)
A.workB.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.worked
7.Theunemploymentrateinthisdistrict____A___from6%to5%inthepasttwoyears.(2007上海)
A.hasfallenB.hadfallenC.isfallingD.wasfalling
8.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy_B__goingbacktoschool，butshehasn’tdecidedyet.(北京)
A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsidering
C.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider
9.—_A_____you______himaroundthemuseumyet?(2007江蘇)
—Yes.Wehadagreattimethere.
A.Have;shownB.Do;showC.Had;shownD.Did;show
10.—Hi,Tracy，youlookpale.
—Iamtired.I___C____thelivingroomallday.
A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted
JaB88.coM

延伸閱讀