小學(xué)教學(xué)教案

高二英語(yǔ)Unit3Tomorrow’snbspworld教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。

一名愛崗敬業(yè)的教師要充分考慮學(xué)生的理解性，高中教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是高中教師需要精心準(zhǔn)備的。教案可以讓上課時(shí)的教學(xué)氛圍非?；钴S，幫助高中教師能夠更輕松的上課教學(xué)。那么怎么才能寫出優(yōu)秀的高中教案呢？小編特地為大家精心收集和整理了“高二英語(yǔ)Unit3Tomorrow’snbspworld教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)”，供您參考，希望能夠幫助到大家。

高二英語(yǔ)Unit3Tomorrow’snbspworld教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

課堂設(shè)計(jì)指導(dǎo)思想：
本節(jié)課是以讀、寫為主的詞匯教學(xué)課。內(nèi)容包括用名詞或動(dòng)詞加上后綴構(gòu)成抽象名詞，以及與電腦相關(guān)的詞匯等。學(xué)習(xí)一定的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)，可以有效地拓展學(xué)生的詞匯量。通過構(gòu)詞法教授詞匯，不僅可以使學(xué)生利用較少的時(shí)間掌握較多的詞匯，而且還可以使學(xué)生通過對(duì)詞綴的了解來猜測(cè)詞義，從而擴(kuò)大詞匯量。本課主要通過引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自行歸納抽象名詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)律的方法進(jìn)行教學(xué)，不僅有助于增加學(xué)生的詞匯量，而且可以使學(xué)生初步形成自己的詞匯認(rèn)知策略，學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)詞根及后綴來猜測(cè)詞義。

Teachingaims:
1.Learnhowtoformabstractnounsfromverbsandadjectivesbyaddingsuffixes.
2.Learnsomewordsrelatedtocomputers.
3.Expandrelatedvocabularyandapplythempractically.

Teachingprocedures:
Step1Revision
HelpstudentsrevisethecommonsuffixusedtoformadjectiveslearntinUnit1usingthefollowingchartandaskstudentstogivemoreexamples.
SuffixMeaningExamples(adjectives)
-icalhavingthequalityofmedical,electrical,grammatical,practical
-ablehavingtheabilityofbelievable,acceptable,reasonable,enjoyable
-ouslike,fullofadventurous,dangerous,prosperous,conscious
-fulcharacterizedbyjoyful,helpful,useful,mouthful,handful
-lesswithoutuseless,careless,helpless,hopeless,cloudless
復(fù)習(xí)以前所學(xué)的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)，激活學(xué)生對(duì)后綴的相關(guān)記憶，以舊帶新，有助于提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。
Step2Lead-in
1.Askstudentstocomparethefollowingtwogroupsofwords.
Group1:house,milk,driver,dog,paper
Group2:revision,preparation,decision,difference,arrangement
Askstudentstoconsiderthefollowingquestions:
(1)Whichpartofspeechiseachofthefollowingwords?
(2)Whatarethesimilaritiesandthedifferencesbetweenthetwogroups?
Answers
(1)Theyareallnouns.
(2)ThewordsinGroup1refertophysicalthingsandthoseinGroup2refertoideas,actionsandqualities.
2.TellstudentsthatthenounsinGroup2arecalledabstractnouns.Askstudentstoreadthedefinitionofabstractnounsonpage46.
3.Askstudentstothinkofmoreabstractnouns.Andshowthemthefollowingwordsasexamples:
revision,direction,decision,preparation,satisfaction,argument,judgement,disappointment,excitement,civilization,dependence,difference,assistance,pleasure,loyalty,cruelty,action,failure,carelessness,happiness
通過分析、對(duì)比，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自己發(fā)現(xiàn)抽象名詞的特點(diǎn)，即不可為人的五官感知。隨后在明確抽象名詞的定義后，用實(shí)例加深學(xué)生的印象。
Step3Waystoformabstractnounsfromverbsandadjectives
1.Askstudentstocategorizethewordsontheblackboardaccordingtothesuffixes.Thenaskstudentstoseewhatwordstheyareandwhichpartofspeechtheyareifthesuffixesareremovedusingthefollowingform.
NounsOriginalwordsPartofspeechSuffix
revisionreviseverb-sion
decisiondecideverb-sion
preparationprepareverb-tion
satisfactionsatisfyverb-tion
argumentargueverb-ment
judgementjudgeverb-ment
dependencedependverb-ence
assistanceassistverb-ence
differencedifferverb-ence
pleasurepleaseverb-ure
failurefailverb-ure
carelessnesscarelessadjective-ness
happinesshappyadjective-ness
civilizationciviladjective-tion
loyaltyloyaladjective-ty
cruelty,crueladjective-ty
2.Askstudentstoreadtheinstructionsonpage46.Askthemtocomparethewordsonthescreenwiththewordsinthetables.
3.Tellstudentsthatmostabstractnounsareuncountable,onlyafewofthemarecountable.Askthemtoreadthefollowingexamples:
hope→ahope;idea→anidea;situation→asituation;knowledge→aknowledgeof…
4.Askstudentstodotheexerciseonpage46individually.
Answers
(1)developmemt(2)popularity(3)failure(4)connection
(5)improvements(6)presentation(7)achievement(8)admiration
鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生自己進(jìn)行歸納、整理，得出動(dòng)詞或形容詞后加后綴構(gòu)成名詞的規(guī)律，最后以填空練習(xí)鞏固所學(xué)內(nèi)容。
Step4Wordsrelatedtocomputers
1.Askstudentstoreadcarefullythepictureonpage47andaskstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestions:
(1)Canyounamethedifferentpartsofthecomputer?
(2)Canyoudescribetheirfunctions?
Answers
PartFunction
floppydiscaflatpieceofplasticforstoringinformation
USBdiscaportable,pocket-sizeddiskthatcanstorealotmoreinformationthanafloppydisk
CD-ROM/DVD-ROMaCDoraDVDonwhichlargeamountsofinformation,soundandpicturescanbestored
keyboardasetofkeysfortyping
printeramachinethatputsthewordsandpicturesontopaper
mouseasmalldevicemovedbyhandtomovethecursoronacomputerscreen
mousematasmallsquareofplasticthatisthebestkindofsurfaceonwhichtouseacomputermouse
harddriveadiskthatcanstoremoreinformationthanafloppyorUSBdisk
monitor/LCDMonitorascreenthatshowsinformationfromacomputer
screen/LCDscreenapartwhereyouseethewordsandpictures
speakerapartofthecomputerwherethesoundcomesout
2.Askstudentstoreadtheinstructionsandcompletetheexercisesonpage47.
Answers
(1)keyboard(2)mouse(3)data(4)floppydisks
(5)CD-ROMs(6)CPU(7)connect(8)e-mails
(9)information(10)Web
通過圖片，幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)電腦各部件的名稱及相關(guān)作用，用缺詞填空的形式進(jìn)行鞏固。
Step5Summary（
Makeasummaryaboutwhathavebeenlearnedinthisperiod.
通過小結(jié)幫助學(xué)生整理、歸納課上所學(xué)內(nèi)容，提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。
Step6Homework
1.Reviewwhatyouhavelearnedinthislesson.
2.TrytofindoutmorewordsrelatedtocomputersandInternet.
通過家庭作業(yè)再次鞏固所學(xué)內(nèi)容。同時(shí)，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)等資源了解更多有關(guān)電腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)的詞匯。

擴(kuò)展閱讀

Unit3Tomorrow’sworld

一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)方面無論做什么事都有計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備，作為教師準(zhǔn)備好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以讓學(xué)生更容易聽懂所講的內(nèi)容，幫助教師提前熟悉所教學(xué)的內(nèi)容。那么一篇好的教案要怎么才能寫好呢？小編特地為大家精心收集和整理了“Unit3Tomorrow’sworld”，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。

Unit3Tomorrow’sworld
Reading
Teachingobjectives:
1.tolearnsomeinformationabouthowRealCineworks,whyitisbetterthanordinarycinema,andhowitcanbeusedinmanyotherways.
2.toteachstudentsthebasiccharacteristicsofabusinessproposal.
3.toenablestudentstomasterthereadingstrategyandbecomemorecompetentinreadingabusinessproposal.

Teachingfocusanddifficulties:
1.knowingthestructureandlanguageforaproposal.
2.masteringthevocabularyofvirtualreality.

Teachingmethods:
1.Listening,readingandthinkingtogetstudentstounderstandthetext.
2.Pairdiscussionandgroupdiscussiontogetstudentstoparticipateintheclassroomactivities.

Teachingaids:
Themultimedia

Teachingprocedures:
Step1Lead-in
ShowtheposterofHarryPotterandGobletofFireandaskstudents:
Doyoulikethefilm?
Canyouimaginehowyoufeelwhenyouareactuallyinthefilm?
Showsomepicturesof3D,4Dfilmsandgamesandaskstudents:
Haveyouwatchedanyofthesefilms?
Whatdoyoufeelaboutthesekindsoffilms?
Step2Skimming
StudentsareexpectedtoskimthetextandfindouttheanswerstothequestionsinpartA.
Step3Scanning
StudentsareaskedtoscanthetextandanswerthequestionsinpartC1.
Step4Detailed-reading
AskstudentstofindmoreinformationaboutRealCinebyaskingthequestion:
HowcanrealCineexcitetheviewers’fivesenses?
Theyareaskedtofillinthechartaccordingtotheproposal
SenseThingsneededEffectsinRealCine
Sight
Sound
Smell
Touch
Taste
Step5structureanalyzing
Askstudentstodividethepassageintoseveralpartsandgetthemainideaofeachpart.
Step6readingstrategy
Drawstudents’attentionbyaskingthisquestion:
Whatdoyouthinkofthelanguageusedinthefollowingsentences?
IbelieveyouwillbeamazedbytheRealCineexperience,andwillagreethatthisisanextraordinarypieceoftechnologythatmustbedevelopedfurther.
Viewerswillbesurprisedathowrealitfeels.
RealCineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.
AamsurethatyouwillagreethatRealCineprovidesafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.
Askthemtoreadthereadingstrategyandfindoutthefollowinginformation:
Howisaproposalshouldbe?
Whatdoesagoodproposalusuallyinclude?
Howtomakeaproposalobjective?
Askstudentstounderlineallthepassivevoicesinthetexttogetadeepunderstanding.
Step7Discussion
MakinganadvertisementofaRelCinefilm:HarryPotterandGobletofFire.
ShowapieceofthefilmHarryPotterandGobletofFire,andaskstudentstodesignitwithRealCine.
Somequestionsaregiventohelp.
Step8Morediscussion
RealCineusesnewtechnologytoimproveanexistingtypeofentertainment(seeingafilm).Couldthistechnologybeusedinschools?Howcoulditmakeclassesmoreexciting?
Doyouknowaboutanyothernewtechnologiesscientistsaredeveloping?Whatarethey?Step9Homework
Readthepassageout.
FinishEx.D,Eonpage44,45inthetextbook.
DoEx.A1,A2onpage106inthetextbook.

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld單元學(xué)案

一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)方面無論做什么事都有計(jì)劃和準(zhǔn)備，作為高中教師就要精心準(zhǔn)備好合適的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生們有一個(gè)良好的課堂環(huán)境，幫助高中教師能夠更輕松的上課教學(xué)。優(yōu)秀有創(chuàng)意的高中教案要怎樣寫呢？考慮到您的需要，小編特地編輯了“Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld單元學(xué)案”，歡迎閱讀，希望您能閱讀并收藏。

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld單元學(xué)案

學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)

1．詞匯：reality,extraordinary,character,interactive,set,upon,feeling,headset,enable,monitor,via,deliver,straw,final,besides,firefighter,burn,battle,whale,ant,fantastic,opportunity,industry,impress,announce,liquid,soap,powder,showcase,employ,accuse,file,popularity,criticize,fade,editor,therefore,voice,opinion,crash,nephew,central,surface,southern,hero,gentle,journey,per,rescue,force,guide,safely.

2．詞組、短語(yǔ)：passon,thousandsof,beconnectedto,putforward,lastbutnotleast,setup,inmyopinion,comeacross,notonly….butalso.

3．語(yǔ)法、結(jié)構(gòu)：1)Thepassivevoice

2)Modalverbsandthepassivevoice

3)Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice

4．技能指導(dǎo)：

Bytheendofthisunit,studentswillbeablet

1）readaformalproposalandsummariesofthreesciencefictionnovels

2）listentofactsandopinionsandaninterviewaboutcomputeruse

3）Discussviewsontechnologyandinterviewaclassmate

4）Writeaproposalforacomputerroomandashortsciencefictionstory

5）Expandvocabularyrelatedtocomputer

合作探究

Welcometotheunit

1．導(dǎo)入：Thegeneralideaofthisperiod

Thepicturesandthequestionsofthispartmakestudentstakenoticeofthelifeinthefuture.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,someofourwildestdreamscouldcometrueinthefuture.

Reading

體驗(yàn)：Readingcomprehension

Thearticleinthissectionisabusinessproposalwhichintroducesanewbusinessidea.AskstudentstoskimandscantheproposalandtrytofindanswerstothethreequestionsinPartA.Remindstudentsonlytofocusonthemostimportantinformationneededtoanswerthesequestions.Meanwhileaskstudentstopayattentiontothestructureofthepassage.

Payattentiontothestructureofthearticle.Organizestudentsintogroupsoffour.Askthemtodiscussthisarticleandanalyzethestructure.Also,studentsneedtoconcludewhatthemainideaofeachpartofthearticleis.

mainideas

Para1____________________________________________________________

Para2----7____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

Para8____________________________________________________________

Activitiesanddiscuss

1.Afterstudentshaveworkedoutthemainideasforthedifferentparts,tofurtherstrengthenthecomprehension,askstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestionandfillinthechartaccordingtotheproposal.

HowcanRealCineexcitetheviewersfivesenses?

Sense

Thingsneeded

EffectsinRealCine

sight

specialVRheadsets

Viewerscanseeaworldof3Danimationallaroundthem.

sound

specialVRheadsets

Viewerscanhearthesoundsclearlyallaroundthem.

smell

smallopeningintheheadset

Smellsaregivenout.

tough

specialgloves

Viewerscantoughpeopleandobjectsinthefilm.

taste

astrawsensor

Specialfoodanddrinkchemicalsareplacesintotheviewers’mouth.2.Thenchecktheanswersasaclass.Iftimeallows,organizeaclasspresentation.AskstudentstodiscussandusetheinformationinthechartabovetogiveabriefpresentationaboutvirtualrealityandRealCine.

3.Presentthefollowingsentencestostudents.Askthemtoreadeachoneandthinkaboutthecharacteristicsofthelanguageusedinthisarticle.

IbelieveyouwillbeamazedbytheRealCineexperience,andwillagreethatthisisanextraordinarytechnologythatmustbedevelopedfurther.

Viewerswillbesurprisedathowrealitfeels.

RealCineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.

IamsureyouwillagreethatRealCineprovidesafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.

Askstudents:

Asadecisionmaker,doyouthinkyouwouldfinallybepersuadedtoinvestordevelopRealCine?Whyorwhynot?

Whatdoyouthinkofthelanguageusedtnthesesentences?

Tellthemthatthepurposeofabusinessproposalistoplanorsuggestanewidea.Thegoalistohelpthecustomersortheinvestorsmaketheirdecisions.Therefore,clearandpersuasivelanguageisoftenused.

4.AskstudentstoreadtheReadingstrategy.Tellstudentsthatasuccessfulbusinessproposalneedstobeobjectiveandthatdetailedinformationandconvincingfactsorexamplestogetherwiththepassivevoicearefrequentlyusedtoachievethispurpose.Therefore,whenreadingabusinessproposal,theycanfocusonthesefeatures.

5.Askstudentstoreadthearticleagainandunderlinethesentencesusingthepassivevoiceinthepassage.Givesomeexplanationswhythepassivevoiceisused.Thiswillhelpstudentsgetabetterunderstandingofhowtowriteaproposal.

6.HavestudentscompletePartD.ThemeaningsofthewordsinPartDshouldnotbedifficultforstudentstoidentifyaftertheyhavereadthroughthepassageseveraltimes.AskstudentstorefertothetextastheycompletePartD.Thisexercisecanhelpstudentsunderstandthetextbetter.

7DrawstudentsattentiontoPartE.PartEisareplytotheproposal,whichservesasasummaryofthearticleaboutRealCine.Havestudentscompleteitindividuallyfirstandthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.

Post-readingactivities

UsethefollowingactivitiestohelpstudentsdeepentheirunderstandingofRealCineanddeveloptheirspeakingabilityaswell.

lOrganizestudentsintogroupsoffour.Askthemtoholdagroupdiscussion.ImaginewhatspecialeffecttheyhopetohaveiftheycanseeapopularfilmlikeHarryPotterandthePhilosophersStoneinRealCine.

DoyouthinkwatchingaHarryPotterfilminRealCineismoreexcitingandinterestingthaninanordinarycinema?Whyorwhynot?

Afterthediscussion,askeachgrouptomakeanadvertisementposterforthisimaginaryvirtualrealityfilm.Thentheymaymakeanoralpresentationoftheiradvertisementsinclass.Everystudentcanvoteandchoosethebestonefromalltheadvertisements.Ifpossible,askthemtostatetheirreasonsfortheirchoice.

lOrganizestudentsintogroupsofsix.AskthemtowriteanintroductiontoReaICine.Intheintroduction,theymaystatetheirownopinionsonRealCine.

lOrganizestudentsintotwogroups.Askthemtoholdadebateactivity.

Thosewhosupportvirtualrealitybelievethat,withthistechnology,peoplecandoalmosteverything,eventhingsthatcannotberealizedinnormallife.Wedontneedtotravelanymoreorspendsomuchtimewithfriendsanymore.Virtualrealitycanprovideanynecessaryfeaturesthatweneeditlourlife.Othersinsistthat,reallifeandinterpersonalcommunicationshouldneverbereplacedbyimaginaryscenes.Peopleshouldtakeofftheheadsetsandexperiencethereallifethemselves.Whatdoyouthinkofthesetwoopinions?Stateyourreasons.

Iftimepermits,askstudentstodoPartsA1andA2onpage96intheirWorkbook,sotheywillbemorefamiliarwiththetextandthewordsandexpressionslearntinthispart.Ortheycandothetwoexercisesafterclassashomework.

PartFaimsatconsolidatingstudentsspeakingability.AskstudentstoreadtheinstructionsforPartFanddiscusswittheirpartnersthequestionscloselyrelatedtonewtechnology.Encouragestudentstosharetheiropinionsandreporttheiranswerstotheclass.

AskstudentsfirsttoreadPartAandthentodoPartBintheWritingsectionofthisunitonpage103intheiWorkbook.ThepassageinPartAisasample.Afterreadingit,theywillknowhowtowriteanarticleaboutthefutureschoolinPartB.

Summary

Realcineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.unlikeordinarycinema,RealCineexcitesallfiveofpeople’ssenses:sight,hearing,smell,tough,andeventaste.VRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldandmakethemworkhardertomaketheirdreamscometrue.Vrcanalsodosomethingthatcouldneverbeachievedinrealworld.RealCinewillcertainlyprovideafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.

Wordsandexpressions：

3．研析：

詞匯

1）extraordinary,

1)adj.（形容詞）

非凡的，超出一般或平常的，顯著的：

amanofextraordinarystrength

一位力氣驚人的男子

anextraordinaryachievement.

一個(gè)非凡的成就

特別的：用于特殊的服務(wù)、功能或場(chǎng)合的：

aministerextraordinary；anextraordinaryprofessor.

特派部長(zhǎng)；一位特職教授

Whatanextraordinaryidea!

多么離奇的想法!

特別的，臨時(shí)的，額外的

anextraordinarysession

臨時(shí)會(huì)議

Itisextraordinarythat….------是不平常的

Itwasextraordinarythatherefusedourrequest.

他拒絕了我們的邀請(qǐng)實(shí)在是不尋常。

2）character

n.（名詞）

1）性質(zhì)，性格，特色，身份；

adeterminedcharacter果斷的性格；

inhischaracterasfather.以父親的身份；

2)字

ThecharactersinChinesewritinglooklikesmallpictures.

漢字看起來象是一幅幅小圖畫。

aChinesecharacter

一個(gè)漢字

3）個(gè)性；特色；（事物的）特性

Hehasastrongbutgentlecharacter.

thecharacterofthesavannaareas大草原地方的特色；

他有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)但溫柔的性格。

Thenewbuildingshavechangedthecharacterofthevillage.

新建筑改變了這個(gè)村莊的特點(diǎn)。

4）（書、劇中的）人物

Ifindallthecharactersinhisnewplayveryreal.

我覺得他那出新戲中所有的人物都很真實(shí)。

Thestoryhasonlyafewcharacters.那故事只有幾個(gè)角色。

相關(guān)詞組：

incharacter

相符的：與某人特性或行為相符的：

behaviorthatwastotallyincharacter.

與特性完全相符的行為

outofcharacter

不相符的：與某人特性或行為不相符的：

aresponsesomuchoutofcharacterthatitamazedme.

回答與其性格如此不符，使我感到吃驚

3）set

v.（動(dòng)詞）v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）

set，setting，sets

放置：放在指定的地方；放置：

setabookonatable.

在桌上放一本書

使處于某種狀態(tài)：

settheprisoneratliberty.

給犯人自由

使牢固：放入穩(wěn)定的位置：

setthefencepostintoabedofconcrete.

將籬笆樁置于水泥床上

setabrokenarm.

接合斷臂

setthesails.

揚(yáng)帆

setanalarmclock.

上鬧鐘

安排：適當(dāng)布置以備用：

setaplaceforadinnerguest;setatable.

為宴會(huì)客人安排地方；放置桌子

以…為背景：確定一幕劇的情節(jié)展開的特定地點(diǎn)：

aplaythatissetinVenice.

以威尼斯為背景的劇

創(chuàng)立：

setaworldrecord.

創(chuàng)世界紀(jì)錄

樹立榜樣：

Aparentmustsetagoodexampleforthechildren.

父母必須為孩子樹立好榜樣

有準(zhǔn)備的：

Wearesettoleaveearlytomorrowmorning.

我們準(zhǔn)備明早離開

相關(guān)詞組：

setabout

開始：開始或出發(fā)：

setaboutsolvingtheproblem.

著手解決問題

setdown

坐：使坐；坐下：

Setthebabydownhere.

讓小孩坐這兒

記錄：寫下；記錄：

Wesetdownthefacts.

我們記下事實(shí)

認(rèn)為；看作：

Justsethimdownasasneak.

當(dāng)他是個(gè)陰險(xiǎn)的人

把…歸于：由…引起；把…歸于：

Letssettheerrordowntoinexperience.

讓我們把錯(cuò)誤歸于沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)

著陸：（飛機(jī)）著陸：

Thepilotsettheplanedownhard.

飛行員艱難地使飛機(jī)著陸

setforth

提出：提出想法；建議：

setforthasoundplan.

提出一個(gè)合理的計(jì)劃

表達(dá)：用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)：

Shehassetforthherideas.

她已經(jīng)表達(dá)出了想法

setoff

發(fā)生：引起；導(dǎo)致發(fā)生：

setoffachemicalreaction.

發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)

爆炸：引起爆炸：

setoffabomb.

炸彈爆炸

開始旅程：

setoffforEurope.

開始?xì)W洲之旅

setout

著手：開始一個(gè)熱切的計(jì)劃；著手：

Hesetouttounderstandwhytheplanhadfailed.

他開始明白為什么計(jì)劃失敗了

種：

setoutseedlings.

種小樹

開始旅程：

Shesetoutatdawnfortown.

她日出時(shí)出發(fā)去鎮(zhèn)上

setup

建立：

setupacharity.

建立一家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)

setfireto

縱火：點(diǎn)燃或使燃燒

set(ones)hearton

決心做某事

n.（名詞）

一套：一組互屬并成套使用的同類物品：

achessset.

一套國(guó)際象棋

4）reason

n.（名詞）.

原因；理由；動(dòng)機(jī)

Thereasonshewasillwasthatshehadeatenbadmeat.

她生病的原因是她吃了變質(zhì)的肉。

Thereasonforthisisthatthisplaneisalsoabicycle.

其原因是,這架飛機(jī)又是一輛自行車。理性；理智；道理；判斷力

Theresagreatdealofreasoninhisadvice.

他的忠告極有道理。

"Therearereasonsforthisgreatinterestintheideas,feelings,andactionsofyouth."

"對(duì)年青人的思想、感情和行動(dòng)發(fā)生這樣巨大的興趣,自有它的道理。"

itstandstoreason

合乎道理

listentoreason

服從道理

withreason

有理由；合乎情理

Hethinks,withreason,thatIdontlikehim.

他有理由認(rèn)為我不喜歡他。

vi.,vt.

推理；推究

toreasonclearly

推理清楚

（與into,outof連用）勸說

toreasonapersonoutoffear

勸人別害怕

（與with連用）與…爭(zhēng)辯

5）via,prep.（介詞）

經(jīng)由，途經(jīng)

totravelfromBeijingtoShanghaiviaTianjin

由北京經(jīng)由天津去上海

通過；憑藉

IsentamessagetoMaryviaherbrother.

我托瑪麗的兄弟把信帶給她。

6）deliver,v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）

遞送：帶到或運(yùn)送到適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤交蚪邮苷?；分送?p>delivergroceries;deliverthemail.

運(yùn)送食品；投遞郵件

交付：把（某人或某物）交給他人；移交：

deliveredthecriminaltothepolice.

把罪犯交給警察

的工人

Tothroworhurl:

擲，猛投：

Thepitcherdeliveredtheball.

投手猛一投球

陳述，發(fā)言：用言辭表達(dá)；發(fā)表，講：

deliveralecture.

發(fā)表演講

分娩：

Shedeliveredababyboythismorning.

今天早晨她生了個(gè)小男孩

使分娩：給（產(chǎn)婦）接生：

Thedoctordeliveredheroftwins.

這個(gè)醫(yī)生為她接生了一對(duì)雙胞胎

放出，制造；生產(chǎn)：

Theoilwelldeliveredonly50barrelsaday.

這口油井每天只產(chǎn)原油五十桶

7）impress,（常與with連用）使（人）印象深刻；使銘記

常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不用進(jìn)行式，常與on連用）使印象深刻

Thebookimpressedalotofpeople.這本書在很多人心中留下深刻印象。

Iwasdeeplyimpressedby(at,with)hisspeech.他的演講給我留下深刻印象

Impress+n.+on(upon)+n.(person)=impress+n.(person)+with

Iimpressedonhimtheimportanceofhiswork.=Iimpressedhimwiththeimportanceofhiswork.

我使他注意他的工作的重要性。

（常與on連用）蓋（?。?；蓋（?。┯?p>impresswaxwithaseal

把印蓋在火漆上

8）announce宣布，宣告：使公開地知道

Toproclaimthepresenceorarrivalof:

宣布…的出席，宣布…的到來：

announceacaller.

宣布來訪者

Toprovideanindicationofbeforehand;foretell:

預(yù)示：事先提供暗示；預(yù)示：

Theinventionofthemicrochipannouncedanewgenerationofcomputers.

微晶片的發(fā)明預(yù)示了新一代的計(jì)算機(jī)

Toserveasanannouncerfor:

當(dāng)…的播音員：

announceafootballgameonTV.

在電視上給一場(chǎng)足球賽作播音

v.intr.（不及物動(dòng)詞）

Todeclareonescandidacy:

宣布競(jìng)選：宣布某人的候選人身份：

Presidentialcandidatesannouncetwoyearsinadvanceoftheelections.

在總統(tǒng)選舉前兩年宣布競(jìng)選者

Toserveasanannouncer.

作播音員

9）forcen.

n.（名詞）

力，力量

theforceoftheexplosion

爆炸力

Youmustuseforcetoopenthatbottle.

你必須用力打開那個(gè)瓶子。

Theporterhadtoforcethewindowopeneverymorning.

每天早晨門房只好用力硬把窗戶打開。

Newemergingforcesareinvincible.

新生力量是不可戰(zhàn)勝的。

暴力

Thethieftookthemoneyfromtheoldmanbyforce.

小偷用暴力奪走了老人的錢。

〈物〉力

theforceofgravity

地心引力

Theforceofgravitymakesthingsfalltoearth.

地心引力使物體落向地面。

威力；勢(shì)力

theforcesofevil

邪惡勢(shì)力

theforcesofnature

自然力

說服力

forceofexample

榜樣的力量

Thereisforceinwhathesaid.

他的話有說服力。

部隊(duì)；兵力

thepoliceforce

警察部隊(duì)

(pl)三軍武裝力量

Theairforceisoneofthearmedforces.

空軍是武裝部隊(duì)的一種。

inforce

大批地

Thepolicewerethereinforce.

大批警察駐守在那兒。

inforce

生效；在施行中(=intoforce)

joinforces(with)

聯(lián)合；合作

v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）

forced，forcing，forces

強(qiáng)迫：通過壓力或需迫使：

Iforcedmyselftopracticedaily.Hewasforcedtotakeasecondjob.

我強(qiáng)迫自己每天練習(xí)。他被迫要找第二份工作

強(qiáng)行，硬：反對(duì)抵制或慣性地運(yùn)動(dòng)或影響：

forcedmyfootintotheshoe.

將腳硬塞入鞋中

強(qiáng)加：無情地折磨或強(qiáng)加：

Heforcedhisideasuponthegroup.

他把自己的意見強(qiáng)加給別人Toputunduestrainon:

施加過分的壓力：

Sheforcedhervoicedespitebeinghoarse.

盡管嗓子已啞，她仍使勁提高嗓音

force(someones)hand

迫使倉(cāng)促行動(dòng)：迫使某人在條件未成熟或不情愿的情況下行動(dòng)或發(fā)言

inforce

大批：大批的；大量的：有效的；操作性的

Demonstratorswereoutinforce.

大批示威者上街

arulethatisnolongerinforce.

不再有效的規(guī)則

force，oblige，

Force最為普遍，通常指力量的使用，尤其是體力上，或指不允許任何替代屈從的環(huán)境的進(jìn)行：

Teargasforcedthefugitivesoutoftheirhidingplace.

催淚彈氣體將逃犯從藏身之處嗆了出來。

Lackoffundswilleventuallyforcehimtolookforwork.

資金缺乏最終將會(huì)迫使他找工作。

Oblige適用于出于權(quán)力、需要、道德或倫理的考慮而被迫屈從：

“Workconsistsofwhateverabodyisobligedtodo”(MarkTwain).

“無論什么樣的工作都必須要做”（馬克·吐溫）。

10）guide

n.（名詞）

領(lǐng)路人，導(dǎo)師，導(dǎo)游，向?qū)?p>Toserveasaguide.

監(jiān)督…的訓(xùn)練或教育：作為向?qū)е改?p>ashoppersguide.，購(gòu)物指南

Aguidebook.指南，手冊(cè)

v.（動(dòng)詞）

guided，guiding，guides

v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）

帶領(lǐng)，為…做向?qū)В?p>Theyguidedustotheoffice.

他們帶領(lǐng)我們到了辦公室。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；指導(dǎo)，影響；支配；操縱

Beguidedbyyourfeeling.

按你的感覺行事。

引導(dǎo)，指引

guidedmetomyseat;

帶我到我的座位上去；

guideashipthroughachannel.

引領(lǐng)輪船通過海峽

v.intr.（不及物動(dòng)詞）

guide,conduct,lead,steer作為動(dòng)詞在一起比較的一般含義是“領(lǐng)”、“導(dǎo)”或“引”。

guide(抽象名詞guidance，具體名詞guide“向?qū)А?是通用詞，可以用于“為別人帶路”、“指導(dǎo)別人的學(xué)習(xí)、品行修養(yǎng)”，它的內(nèi)涵是避免走彎路或遇到危險(xiǎn)

Thousandsoflanternsslowlydriftouttoseaguidingthedeadontheirreturnjourneytotheotherworld.

數(shù)千只燈籠慢慢向大海漂去，給死人返回陰間指明道路。

Atthetopofthebankmyguidepausedandlookedbackatme.

我的向?qū)г诤影渡仙酝Ａ艘幌?，并且回頭看了看我。

HeisnowstudyingundertheguidanceofProfessorGreen.

他現(xiàn)在正在格林教授的指導(dǎo)下學(xué)習(xí)。

而conduct(抽象名詞conductance“傳導(dǎo)力”，具體名詞conductor“向?qū)д摺保财嚨鹊摹笆燮眴T”)在表示“指導(dǎo)”、“引導(dǎo)”時(shí)含有明顯的主從關(guān)系，即被引導(dǎo)者不服從是不可以的

Thepolicemaneventuallyhadhishandstiedupandconductedhimtoashelter.

警察最后把他的雙手綁了起來并把他帶到一個(gè)防空洞。

Doyoupreferconductedtoursorindependenttravel?

你是喜歡跟著導(dǎo)游還是喜歡獨(dú)立地去旅行？

lead(抽象名詞leadership“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”，具體名詞leader“領(lǐng)袖”、“領(lǐng)隊(duì)”)可以表示“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”、“帶路”，但它總含有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者走在前面，而把被領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者控制在自己的權(quán)威之下，或被領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者處于秩序井然的狀態(tài)中的意思

Ourguideledusthroughaseriesofcaves.

我們的向?qū)ьI(lǐng)著我們穿過一個(gè)接一個(gè)的洞穴。

steer(抽象名詞steerage“操縱”，具體名詞steersman“舵手”)一般表示“駕駛”、“掌舵”，但常用于比喻，詞義引伸后有“操縱”、“指導(dǎo)”的意思。尤其適用于表示“指導(dǎo)著度過難關(guān)”的意義

TheCuttySarkrolledfromsidetosideanditbecameimpossibletosteerher.

卡蒂薩克號(hào)向兩側(cè)搖晃著，駕駛這只船是不可能的了。

Soonthecountrywillbesteeredtopeaceandprosperity.

這個(gè)國(guó)家很快便會(huì)被帶入和平與繁榮之境。

詞組：

1）passon

傳遞；前進(jìn)，傳下來；傳給（后代），離去；往前

Letusnowpassontothenextsubject.

現(xiàn)在讓我們看看下一個(gè)題目。

2）putforward

提出：提議以供考慮：

putforwardanewplan.

提出一個(gè)新計(jì)劃

3）comeacross

偶然遇到或找到：

cameacrossmyoldcollegeroommateintowntoday.

今天在鎮(zhèn)上遇到我大學(xué)的老同學(xué)

給予印象：

“Hecomesacrossasaverysincere,religiousindividual”(WilliamL.Clay)

“他給人的印象是一個(gè)很虔誠(chéng)的、篤實(shí)的人”(威廉L.克萊)

4）notonly….butalso

一、主要用法：

1、連接主語(yǔ)：

NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMaryarefoundofwatchingtelevision.

不僅我，而且湯姆和瑪麗都喜歡看電視。

由于notonlyAbutalsoB句式的重點(diǎn)在B上，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般要與B保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。

2、連接謂語(yǔ)：

TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalsosharealargenumberofsocialcustoms.

英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人不但語(yǔ)言相同，而且有很多相同的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。

注意notonly…butalso連接的動(dòng)詞一般不重復(fù)，這與漢語(yǔ)不同。如漢語(yǔ)說“我不僅懂英語(yǔ)，而且懂俄語(yǔ)”，英語(yǔ)則說“IknownotonlyEnglishbutalsoRussian”，而不說“InotonlyknowEnglishbutalsoknowRussian”.再如：“氣體不僅改變形狀，而且改變體積”，英譯為“Agaschangesnotonlyinshapebutalsoinvolume.”（注意介詞常重復(fù)）

3、連接賓語(yǔ)：

Theproblemfortherecipientwastryingtoguessnotonlywhothesenderwas,butalsowhathissecretfeelingsmightbe.

收信人不僅要盡力猜出是誰的，還要猜測(cè)寄信人的內(nèi)心有什么想法。

4、連接表語(yǔ)：

Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbut(also)anactor.

莎士比亞不僅是一位劇作家，而且是一位演員。

5、連接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：

Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.

淺色和鮮艷的顏色不但使人看了高興，也會(huì)使人更加活潑。

6、連接狀語(yǔ)：

Ifyourfriendremindsyoukindlyofyourfaults,takewhathesaysnotmerelypleasantlybutthankfully.

如果你的朋友善意的指明你的缺點(diǎn)，你不但要欣然接受，而且要心懷感激之情。

7、連接從句：

Hedidn’tletusoffthebookuntilwehadprovednotonlythatweknowwhatanorganismwasburalsothatwehadthefortitudetostandupforthetruth.

直到我們證明了我們不僅知道什么是生物體，而且具有堅(jiān)持真理的不屈不撓的精神時(shí)，他這才放過我們。

8、連接定語(yǔ)：

Manhasbecomemasternotonlyoftheskybutalsoofthespace.

人類不僅征服了太空，而且征服了太空。

9、連接句子

Inotonlyheardit,but(also)Isawit.

我不僅聽到、而且看到了它。

Notonly…butalso連接句子時(shí)，notonly可以置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，這是第一分句要采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Notonlyhasheafirst-classbrainbutalsoheisatremendouslyhardworker.

它不僅有著頭等的頭腦，而且工作很能吃苦。

Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrestedbuthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.

這個(gè)可憐人不僅被逮捕，而且被投進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。

Notonlydotheprofessorshavetheirownideasonthematter,butthestudentshavetheirstoo.

對(duì)這件事不僅教授們有自己的看法，學(xué)生們也有自己的想法。

10、用于itis…that強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)：

Itisnotonlythescientistandthephysicianwhoneedalongspecialtrainingnow,butthecomputerexpert,theaccountant,andthebusinessmanager.

現(xiàn)在，不僅科學(xué)家和醫(yī)生需要長(zhǎng)時(shí)期的專門訓(xùn)練，計(jì)算機(jī)專家、會(huì)計(jì)師和企業(yè)經(jīng)理也需要這種訓(xùn)練。

二、notonly…but的省略及其變體

1、notonly…butalso中的also可以省略。有人認(rèn)為該句型所連接的第二部分最高級(jí)形容詞或它所表示的范圍、程度、影響等超過第一部分時(shí)，常將also省略。例如：

Hewasnotonlyasuccessfulwriterbut(also)thegreatestpoetofhistime.

它不僅是一位成功的作家，而且還是他那個(gè)時(shí)代最偉大的詩(shī)人。

Notonlydotheysufferlesspainthanmostwomeninlabor,butthetownboastsanunusuallylowrateofinfantmortality.

這不僅使她們比大多數(shù)的婦女受痛苦，，而且是城市嬰兒死亡率大大降低。

2、notonly…butalso句型一般只可以省略also，但在連接句子時(shí)，有時(shí)也可見到省略but甚至butalso的情形。例如：

NotonlywasItired,Iwasalsocold.

我不光困倦，還感到很冷。（省去了but）

Sincemoistureisneededforrain,dryairinthemorningnotonlyallowsthespidertogetanearlystart,isalsomeansadryday.

有了濕度才會(huì)下雨，因此，早晨空氣干燥不僅使蜘蛛早點(diǎn)開始結(jié)網(wǎng)，而且意味著這一天不會(huì)下雨。(省去了but)

Notonlyhasshebeenanexcellentwife,shehasbeenabetterhusbandthanI’llneverbe.

她不僅是一個(gè)極其出色的妻子，而且是一個(gè)我永遠(yuǎn)也做不到的好丈夫。(省去了butalso)

3、notonly…butalso的形式比較固定，但也會(huì)出現(xiàn)but與also被分開的情形。例如：Notonlythemotherbutthechildrenarealsosick.

Notonlyishisrightlungaffectedbuthisleftlungisalso.

4、notonlyAbutalsoB的替代式常見的還有notonlyabutB…aswell,notonlyAbutBtoo,notmerelyAbutalsoB,notjustAbutalsoB,not…alone...but等。例如：

Injurisprudenceitisawell-knownprinciplethatjusticeshouldnotmerelybedonebutshouldalsobeseentobedone.

在法理學(xué)方面，人所共知的原則是：對(duì)受害者不僅應(yīng)該公正對(duì)待，而且應(yīng)當(dāng)讓人們看到他得到了公正的對(duì)待。

Notpoetsalone,norartists,northatsuperiororderofmindwhicharrogatestoitselfallrefinement,feelthis,butdogsandallmen.

不僅使人，藝術(shù)家以及那些自命不凡、思想杰出的人覺得如此，連狗和普通人也有同感。

三、其他注意事項(xiàng)：

1、“notonlyAbutalsoB”結(jié)構(gòu)中的A和B通常是同等成分。由于同一成分常常由同一詞類的詞來?yè)?dān)任，所以A與B常常也是同一詞性，但是，也有A與B屬于不同詞性的情形。例如：“Heisnotonlyveryclever,butalsoaveryhardworker,andhelikestodoeverythingwell.”（他不但聰明，而且能下功夫。他喜歡把每件事都做得很好。）其中A是形容詞，B是名詞，但兩者均在句中作表語(yǔ)，因此仍是正確的句子。然而，在“Henotonlyplaysthepiano,butalsotheviolin.”一句中，A是動(dòng)詞，B是名詞，不是同一成分，因此語(yǔ)法學(xué)家認(rèn)為此句有點(diǎn)欠妥，至少在書面語(yǔ)中就是如此。如改為“Heplaysnotonlythepiano,butalsotheviolin.”就無懈可擊了，再看下面的例子：

ThesurprisegrantnotonlyenabledDadtofinishAT,buttograduatefirstinhisclass.

這筆意外的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金不僅是我的父親能讀完農(nóng)業(yè)和技術(shù)學(xué)院，而且畢業(yè)成績(jī)名列榜首。

2、有人認(rèn)為，notonly…butalso不能用于否定句。漢語(yǔ)中用于否定句中的“不但…而且”在英語(yǔ)中要用aswellas表示。如“不但我不想看戲，而且他也不想看戲”可譯作“He,aswellasI,doesn’twanttoseetheplay.”不過，這條規(guī)則也有例外，請(qǐng)看下面的例子:

Notonlydon’tIknowthepopulationofNepal,Idon’tknowwhereingod’sworlditis!

我不但不知道尼泊爾人口，而且連它究竟在哪里也不知道！

這個(gè)例句有幾個(gè)共同點(diǎn)：都是連接否定分句，都是倒裝句，都沒有用butalso。下面一例出自一位美國(guó)作家之手，所不同的是notonly…but連接的是并列謂語(yǔ)，第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞是不定的，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞則是肯定的：

Nonetheless,ashedescribedMary’sattitudesheraccomplishments,hefoundhimselfwishingthatshecaredmoreaboutthepolicesideofhislifethansheseemedto,thatshemightunderstanditasintimately,say,asthewomanoppositehim.ButthismotionseemedtohimsodisloyaltoMarythathenotonlydidnotarticulateit,butatoncetriedtosuppressit.

Notes

1Uponreachingthetopofthemountain,afeelingofhappinessandasenseofachievementwillbeexperienced.

Theprepositionuponheremeansatorimmediatelyafterthetimeoroccasionof.Theprepositiononcanalsobeusedtoexpressthesamemeaning.

Upon/OnhisarrivalinParis,thefamousfilmstarwasrecognizedandsurroundedbyhisfans.

Upon/Onhearingofthedeathofhisparents,hecriedforhours.

2Specialglovesarealsowornsothatpeopleandobjectsinthefilmcanbetouched.

Heresothatmeanswiththeaimthat,whichisusedtointroduceaclauseshowingapurpose.

Sheworkedhardsothateverythingwouldbereadyby6oclock.

Sothatcanalsomeanwiththeresultthat,whichisusedtointroduceaclause

showingaresult.

Nothingmorewasheardfromhimsothatwebegantowonderifhehadleft.

3ToaddtothevirtualworldofRealCine,smellsaregivenoutthroughsmallopeningsintheheadsets.

Hereaddtomeanstoincrease.

TheWestLakeaddstothebeautyofthecityofHangzhou.

Thisphrasecanalsobeusedlikeadd...to...

Ifyouaddtwelvetoeighty-five,yougetninety-seven.

4InscientificstudiesithasbeenshownthatVRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldandmakethemworkhardertomaketheirdreamscometrue.

HereitreferstothesubjectclausethatVRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldand...

Whenthesubjectisaclause,anemptysubjectitisoftenused,andtheorderofthesentenceisnormallychanged.

Compareeachpairofsentencesasfollows:

Whatshelookslikedoesntmatter.Itdoesntmatterwhatshelookslike.

Thatincometaxshouldbeabolishedhasactuallybeensuggested.

Ithasactuallybeensuggestedthatincometaxshouldbeabolished.

5AnargumenthasbeenputforwardthatsomeviewerswillbedisappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.

Herethatisusedtointroduceanappositiveclausesomeviewerswillbe

disappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.Thisclausereferstoanargumentandthatcannotbeomitted.

Yourbeliefthatthingswillimproveistoooptimistic.

Yoursuggestionthatweshouldpaymoreattentiontoourtablemannersisagoodone.……

語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)津

PassiveVoice

英文動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)ActiveVoice和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)PassiveVoice之分。如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的「發(fā)出者」，動(dòng)詞就用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的「承受者」，動(dòng)詞就用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

例如：

1.JohnencouragedMary.﹝約翰鼓勵(lì)瑪莉。﹞

2.MarywasencouragedbyJohn.﹝瑪莉受到約翰鼓勵(lì)。﹞

※第一句的動(dòng)詞"encouraged"是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；第二句的動(dòng)詞

"wasencouraged"是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形態(tài)是：

助動(dòng)詞BE+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(-ed分詞)

動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)通常有六種時(shí)、體形式：即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行體、過去進(jìn)行體、現(xiàn)在完成體和過去完成體。

1．SimplePresentTense

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Iteachhim.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Heistaughtbyme.

2．SimplePastTense

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Itaughthimyesterday.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hewastaughtbymeyesterday.

3．PresentContinuousTense

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Iamteachinghim.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Heisbeingtaughtbyme.

4．PastContinuousTense

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Iwasteachinghimwhenyoucame.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hewasbeingtaughtbymewhenyoucame.

5．PresentPerfectTense

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Ihavetaughthim.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hehasbeentaughtbyme.

6．PastPerfectTense

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Ihadtaughthimbeforeyoucame.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hehadbeentaughtbymebeforeyoucame.

一般將來時(shí)SimpleFutureTense也常常有這種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Ishallteachhimtomorrow.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hewillbetaughtbymetomorrow.

動(dòng)詞由主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的步驟：

1.先找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；

2.再找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)；

3.把賓語(yǔ)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)；

4.注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。

例：1.　Brucewritesalettereveryweek.

→AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.

2.　LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning.

→ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning.

3.Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar.

→Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar.

4.Theywillplanttentreestomorrow.

→Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.

5.Lucyiswritingaletternow.

→AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow.
6.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.

→thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave.
三、使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題：
1.不及物動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

Whatwillhappenin100years.
Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.
2.有些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。
Thispenwriteswell.
Thisnewbooksellswell.
3.感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞使用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不帶to，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，須加上to。
例：makesomebodydosomething

→somebody+be+madetodosomething
seesomebodydosomething

→somebody+be+seentodosomething
Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.

→Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.
Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.

→Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.
4.如果是接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，直接賓語(yǔ)(物)作主語(yǔ)，那么動(dòng)詞后要用介詞，這個(gè)介詞是由與其搭配的動(dòng)詞決定。
Hegavemeabook.

→Abookwasgiventomebyhim.
Heshowedmeaticket.

→Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.
Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.

→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.
5.一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個(gè)整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。
Wecan’tlaughhim.

→Hecan’tbelaughbyus.
Helistenstotheradioeveryday.

→Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.
Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.

→Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.
只要你掌握了以上一些方法，

使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般因由

1.不易說出動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的「發(fā)出者」

例如：

Thisbuildingwascompletedin1980.

*由誰建成，不易說出。

2.不便說出動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的「發(fā)出者」

例如：

ThemeetinghasbeenpostponedtillFriday.

3.動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的「承受者」比「發(fā)出者」更需強(qiáng)調(diào)

例如：

Apressconferencewasheldlastnight.

4.為了修辭

例如：

Theteacherlovesthestudentsandislovedbythem.

態(tài)：Abookwasgivenhimbyme.

含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：Modalverbsandthepassivevoice情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞

Studentswilllearnhowtousemodalverbsinthepassivevoicetoexpressability,possibility,duty,permission,etc.Theyarealsoexpectedtolearntousemodalverbsinthepassivevoiceinthepresentandthepasttenses.
Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.

Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.
Thedoormaybelockedinside.
Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.

Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice

Herestudentswilllearnsomeoftheverbsthatareoftenusedinthepassivevoice.Andtheyshouldknowthattheseverbsfunctionasadjectives.

Theteachermaybeginthispartbyaskingstudentstocompletesomesentencesbychoosingoneofthetwowordsgiven.Thewordsinboldarethecorrectanswers.Forexample,

1.Thechildrenaregettingaboutthecomingholiday.(exciting;excited)

2.Dontyougetofarguingaboutthesamethingallthetime?(tiring;tired)

3.JoanisntverygoodatPhysics,soeveryonewaswhenshepassedtheexam.(surprising;surprised)

4.AllofuswereverylastSaturdaybecauseourteamlostthegame.(disappointing;disappointed)

5.Itwassnowinglastnight.Soeverythingiswithsnowthismorning.(covering;covered)

6.Myparentsarequitewithmytestresults.(pleasing;pleased)

7.Bothofthemarewiththearrangement.(satisfying;satisfied)

Askstudentswhytheychoosetheverb-edformsbutnotverb-ingforms.

注：黑體字為答案。自主演練

A．單項(xiàng)填空

1、It’ssaidthataboutaquarterof_______Europeancanspeak_________foreignlanguagebesidestheirnativelanguage.

Athe;aBan;theCthe;theD不填；不填

2、Ilike________intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.

AthisBeitherCitDone

3、DoyoureallybelievethatMr.Whitehasblamedusfortheaccident,especially________?

AyouandmeBIandyouCyouandIDyouandme

4、AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,__________.

Athemoreforlifeareyouequipped

Bthemoreequippedforlifeyouare

Cthemorelifeyouareequippedfor

Dyouareequippedthemoreforlife

5、Americaneat______astheyactuallyneedeveryday.

AtwiceasmuchproteinBtwiceproteinasmuchtwice

CtwiceproteinasmuchDproteinastwicemuch

6、JasonhasbeenpreparingcarefullyforhisEnglishexaminationsothathecouldbesureofpassingitathisfirst_________.

ApurposeBdesireCattemptDintention

7、JohnandI________friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe________eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.

Ahadbeen;havebeenBhavebeen;havebeen

Chadbeen;hadseenDhavebeen;hadseen

8、I________whilereadingtheEnglishtextbook.Luckily,myroommatewokemeupintime.

AhadfallenasleepBhavefallenasleepCfellasleepDfallasleep

9、Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy_________goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.

AhadconsideredBhasbeenconsidering

CconsideredDisgoingtoconsider

10、ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics________by2006.

AhasbeencompletedBhascompleted

CwillhavebeencompletedDwillhavecompleted

11、Thefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945,andtheirpower________increasedenormouslyeversince.

AisBwasChasbeenDhadbeen

12、Morepatients________inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.

AtreatedBhavetreatedChadbeentreatedDhavebeentreated

13、Susandecidednottoworkontheprogramathomebecauseshedidn’twantherparentstoknowwhatshe_________.

AhasdoneBhaddoneCwasdoingDisdoing

14、Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,which_________thePacific,andwemetnostorms.

AwascalledBiscalledChadbeencalledDhasbeencalled

15、________inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.

ATowaitBHavewaitedCHavingwaitedDTohavewaited

16、ItissaidthatBarbara’ssisterfelloffherbicycleonherwaytoschool,_________intheleftleg.

AseriouslydamagingBhurtingbadly

CbreakingseriouslyDbadlyhurt

17、Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I_______somuchfriedchickenjustnow.

Ashouldn’teatBmustn’thaveeaten

Cshouldn’thaveeatenDmustn’teat

18、Itseemsasifthesun________roundtheearthsinceitrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.

AcirclesBiscirclingChasbeencirclingDwerecircling

19、Theymusthavebeenenjoyingthemselvesthere,otherwisethey_________solong.

Acan’thavestayedBwouldn’thavestayed

Cneedn’thavestayedDcouldn’tstay

20、Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace________,justasthesamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.

AwhichBwhereCthereDwhat

B．短文填空

Theyearis2094.Ithasbeenannouncedthatacomet（彗星）isheadingtowardstheEarth.Mostofitwillmissourplanet,buttwopieceswillprobablythesouthernhalfoftheEarth.

______17July,apiecefourkilometerswideenterstheEarth’s（大氣層）withamassiveexplosion.Abouthalfofthepieceisdestroyed,buttheparthitstheSouthAtlanticat200timestheofsound.Theseaboilsandahugeholeismadeintheseabed.Hugewavesarecreatedandspreadfromthehole.Thewallofwater,akilometerhigh,rushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour.CitiesontheAfricanaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeopleare_______.

BeforethewavesreachSouthAmerica,thesecondpieceofthecometinArgentina.EarthquakesandvolcanoesareoffintheAndesMountains.TheshockmovenorthintoCaliforniaandallaroundthePacificOcean.ThecitiesofLosAngeles,SanFranciscoandTokyoarecompletelybyearthquakes.Millionsofpeopleinthesouthernhalfoftheeartharealreadydead,thenorthwon’tforlong.Becauseoftheexplosions,thesunishiddenbycloudsofdust,temperaturesaroundtheworldtoalmostzero.Cropsareruined.Thesunwon’tbeseenagainformanyyears.WarsbreakoutascountriesfightforAyearlater,nomorethan10millionpeopleremain.

Coulditreallyhappen?Infact,ithasalreadyhappenedmorethanonceinthehistoryoftheEarth.Thedinosaurs（恐龍）wereontheEarthforover160millionyears.Then65millionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeared.ManyscientistsbelievethattheEarthwashitbyapieceofobjectin.Thedinosaurscouldn’tlive

________thecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheydiedout.Willwemeetthesameend

C．詞匯題

1、Acourier______theparcelsexpectedforalongtimetoouroffice.

AtookBaddressedCdeliveredDgave

2、Weweremostimpressed________yourefficiency.

AinBonCwithDupon

3、ThePrimeMinisterofGreatBritain________thathewouldresign.

AannouncedBpredictedCreportedDcircularized

4、Thethiefwhowasontheredcoat________hertohandoverthemoney.

AletBforcedCforbadeDfraud

5、Thereisan_______filmaboutahighlygiftedchildwhosepictureoftenappearedinthenewspaper.

AspecialBunusualCadditionalDextraordinary

6、------I’msorryIsteppedoutsideforasmoke.Iwasverytired.

-------Thereisno_______forthiswhileyouareonduty.

AreasonBexcuseCcauseDexplanation

7、Idecidedtoputyourname_______forbasketballclubsecretary.

AonBinCforwardDthrough

8、Passthebook________tomewhenyou’vefinishedwithit.

AoutBbyConDover

9、Oneoftheconsequencesofourplanet’sbeingwarmingupisa(n)________inthenumberofnaturaldisasters.

AresultBaccountCreasonDincrease

10、Nomatterwhatyoudo,youshouldputyour________intoit.

AmindBheartCbrainDthought

11、Thereareusuallyatleasttwo________oflookingateveryquestion.

AmeansBdirectionsCviewsDways

12、Mychest________whenImakeadeepbreath,doctor.

AharmsBwoundsChurtsDinjuries

13、Iwrotehimalettertoshowmy_________ofhisthoughtfulness.

AachievementBagreementCattentionDappreciation

14、Oneoftheadvantagesoflivingonthetopfloorofahigh-riseisthatyoucangetagood________.

AsightBsceneCattentionDappreciation

15、Wehave_______themeetingforwardbyoneweekaccordingtotheheadmaster’srequirement.

AputBlookCmoveDlet

D．改錯(cuò)題

WeallknowthepyramidsinEgyptandmostof1.______
usdon’tknowthepeopleinMexicointheoldtimealso2.______
builtpyramids.Theydidn’tbuildthemtotombs.The　3.______
pyramidsinMexicoaren’tashighasthatinEgypt,but4.______
theyarebig.Eachonepyramidhasawidestairway5.______
uptothetop.Thereisnothinginsidethepyramids,　6.______
onlyearthandstones.Scientiststhinkittakesone　7.______
thousandmenmorethantenyearsbuildthebiggestone.8.______
Howdidhepeoplebuildthepyramids?Scientistshad9.______
Studiedforyears,butnoonecansaywhattheydidit.10.______

E.單句翻譯

1.好的傳統(tǒng)應(yīng)該一代一代往下傳。(passon)2.他的父親強(qiáng)迫他戒煙。(forcesb.todosth.)3.這個(gè)有著非凡的舞蹈天賦的女孩是我們的班長(zhǎng)。(extraordinary)4.他想通過付額外的薪水來使他的員工留下印象。(impress)5.如果我有一個(gè)生日舞會(huì)，我會(huì)立刻通知我的朋友。(announce)6.他今天沒來上學(xué)的原因是他媽媽病了。(thereason……isthat….)7.我準(zhǔn)備遞送這只鉆戒，因?yàn)槲抑牢覠o論給誰他都會(huì)喜歡。(deliver)8.我們應(yīng)該提出一個(gè)有效的方法來改善我們的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)。(putforward…)9.每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該通過自己的行為為下一代樹立榜樣。(setup)10.他帶領(lǐng)我們從一個(gè)勝利走向另一個(gè)勝利。(guide)F.書面表達(dá)

某英文報(bào)“讀者來信”專欄正在就高三學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)是否應(yīng)該為孩子購(gòu)置電腦這一話題開展討論。有贊同的，也有反對(duì)的。請(qǐng)你向該報(bào)編輯寫一封英文信，發(fā)表你的觀點(diǎn)。

信的開頭已寫好，你只需接著寫。

注意：

1．下面的提示可能會(huì)幫助你構(gòu)思：

A.moreinformation?

improveEnglish?

learningsoftware(學(xué)習(xí)軟件)?

enjoyoneself?

….

B.computergames

short-sighted

wasteofmoney

failtheexams

…

2．你不必根據(jù)上面的提示逐條進(jìn)行寫作，可自由發(fā)揮。

3．詞數(shù)：70以上。

Deareditor,

ImastudentofSeniorThree.Ithinkmyparentsshouldbuymeacomputernow.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

多彩世界

訓(xùn)練學(xué)生思維，體現(xiàn)創(chuàng)新精神，輸入新材料，提高閱讀欣賞能力，豐富和超越教材目標(biāo)。

A.提供或設(shè)計(jì)與單元話題相關(guān)的情景材料，進(jìn)行說寫訓(xùn)練。

Situation1:…

EuropeanShuttlePrototypeLandsSafely

導(dǎo)讀：歐洲航空防務(wù)與空間公司“鳳凰號(hào)”航天飛機(jī)模型在瑞典成功試飛。

Sun,May09,2004

STOCKHOLM,Sweden(瑞典首都-斯德哥爾摩)-AnunmannedprototypeofaEuropeanspaceshuttleglidedsafelybacktoEarthonSaturdayafterbeingdroppedfromnearly8,000feetupbyahelicopter.

GuidedbyGlobalPositioningSystemsatellites(全球定位衛(wèi)星),theGerman-designedEADS(歐洲航空防務(wù)與空間公司)Phoenixwasdroppedbyaheavy-dutyhelicopteroverSwedenat9:45a.m.and"landedperfectly"90secondslateronatestrunwaynorthofStockholm,aprojectspokeswomansaid.

"Everyonehereisecstatic,"saidJohannaBergstroem-Roos,oftheNorthEuropeanAerospaceTestRangeinKiruna,770milesnorthofStockholm.

"Thisgivesuswindinoursails."

ThePhoenixshuttle,alongwiththeAriane5rocket,representstheEuropeanSpaceAgencyshopeforsendingastronautsintospace,butprojectmanagersconcedeafull-sizeversionwillnotbereadyuntilsometimebetween2015and2020.

ThetestflightwasoriginallyplannedforFridaybutwaspostponedsotechnicianscouldfinishanalyzingdatafromanearliertestofthevehiclesonboardcomputersthisweek.

Thenextsteplikelywillbetodroptheprototypefromhigheraltitudes,withthehelpofahigh-altitudeballoon,Bergstroem-Roossaid.Thefinishedshuttlemustbecapableofglidingtolandfromanaltitudeof80miles,shesaid.

Situation2:…Asmotorwaysbecomemoreandmorecloggedupwithtraffic,anewgenerationofflyingcarswillbeneededtoferrypeoplealongskyways.

ThatistheverdictofengineersfromtheUSspaceagencyandaeronauticalfirms,whoenvisionfuturecommuterstravellingby"skycar".

Thesecouldlookmuchliketheconceptskycarshowninthepicture,designedbyBoeingresearchanddevelopment.

However,suchvehiclescouldbesome25yearsfromappearingonthemarket.

Effortstobuildflyingvehiclesinthepasthavenotbeenverysuccessful.

Suchvehicleswouldnotonlybeexpensiveandrequiretheskillsofatrainedpilottofly,buttherearesignificantengineeringchallengesinvolvedindevelopingthem.

"Whenyoutrytocombinethemyougettheworstofbothworlds:averyheavy,slow,expensivevehiclethatshardtouse,"saidMarkMoore,headofthepersonalairvehicle(PAV)divisionofthevehiclesystemsprogramatNasasLangleyResearchCenterinHampton,US.

ButBoeingisalsoconsideringhowtopolicetheairways-andpreventtotalpandemonium-ifthousandsofflyingcarsentertheskies.

"Theneat,gee-whizpartisthinkingaboutwhatwouldthevehicleitselflooklike,"saidDickPaul,avicepresidentwithPhantomWorks,Boeingsresearchanddevelopmentarm.

"Butweretryingtothinkthroughalltheramificationsofwhatwouldittaketodeployafleetofthese."

Pastproposalstosolvethisproblemhaveincludedartificialintelligencesystemstopreventcollisionsbetweenairtraffic.

Nasaisworkingonflyingvehicleswiththeinitialgoaloftransformingsmallplanetravel.

Smallplanesaregenerallycostly,loud,requiremonthsoftrainingandlotsofmoneytooperate,makingflyingtoworkimpracticalformostpeople.

Butwithinfiveyears,Nasaresearchershopetodeveloptechnologyforasmallplanethatcanflyoutofregionalairports,costslessthan0,000(￡55,725),isasquietasamotorcycleandassimpletooperateasacar.

Althoughitwouldnothaveanyroad-drivingcapabilities,itwouldbringthisformoftravelwithinthegraspofawidersectionofpeople.Technologywouldautomatemanyofthepilotsfunctions.

ThisSmallAircraftTransportationSystem(Sats)woulddivertpressureawayfromthe"hub-and-spoke"modelofairtravel.

Hub-and-spokereferstothetypicallyUSmodelofpassengersbeingprocessedthroughlarge"hub"airportsandthenontosecondaryflightsto"spoke"airportsneartheirfinaldestination.由于高速公路上的交通堵塞情況越來越嚴(yán)重，一種能夠載人穿梭在“空中高速路”上的新一代“飛車”將成為需要。

這就是美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局和一些航空公司的工程師們的意見，他們預(yù)測(cè)未來人類將會(huì)乘坐“飛車”旅行。

這些車可能會(huì)和圖片中見到的波音公司研發(fā)中心設(shè)計(jì)的概念飛車很相像。

然而，這樣的交通工具可能需要25年左右的時(shí)間才能投放市場(chǎng)。

人類在過去制造飛車的努力一直都不是很成功。

這樣的交通工具汽車耗資不菲，而且要求駕駛者具備像訓(xùn)練有素的飛行員一樣的駕駛技巧；不僅如此，在研制過程中還面臨工程學(xué)方面的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。

馬克·摩爾是美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局蘭利研究中心（位于漢普頓）汽車系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目組“個(gè)人空中交通工具（PAV）”小組的負(fù)責(zé)人，他說：“當(dāng)你試圖將各個(gè)方面組合起來時(shí)，得到的是一輛最糟糕的車：非常笨重，速度又慢，價(jià)格還高，總之駕駛起來很不方便。”

但波音公司同時(shí)也在考慮，在上千輛“飛車”進(jìn)入空中的情況下如何對(duì)空中通道進(jìn)行管理，防止交通陷入徹底的混亂。

波音公司研發(fā)部門“幻影工程隊(duì)”的副總裁迪克·保羅說：“最關(guān)鍵和最精彩的是設(shè)計(jì)出這種交通工具本身，但是我們也在全力考慮當(dāng)這樣一支車隊(duì)投入運(yùn)行后可能出現(xiàn)的所有情況。”

關(guān)于如何解決這個(gè)問題，以往就有一些建議，包括使用人工智能系統(tǒng)來防止空中交通工具之間發(fā)生碰撞。

B.一篇閱讀文章。

GauriNandaseesawearablecomputerasa...handbag--onethatsbuiltoutoffour-inchsquaresandtrianglesoffabric,withtinycomputerchipsembeddedinit.

AssembledtogetherwithVelcrothatconductselectricity,thesepiecesformabagthatlooks,feels,andweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpurse.

Thatswherethesimilaritiesend:Thisbagcanwirelesslykeeptabsonyourbelongingsandremindyou,justasyoureabouttoleavethehouse,totakeyourwallet.Itcanreviewtheweatherreportandsuggestthatyougrabanumbrella--oryoursunshades.Thispursecanevenuploadyourfavoritesongsontoyourscarf.

Sure,acomputingpurseandscarfsetmayseemlikethestuffofsciencefiction.Butthesedevices,partofnextgenerationofwearablecomputers,couldbecomecommonplacewithinafewyears.Unitshipmentsofsuchwearablecomputers--purses,watches,shirts--shouldrisefrom261,000lastyearto1.39millionin2008,accordingtothetechresearchfirmIDC.

Poweringthismarketareadvancementsindesignandinfabric-embeddedelectronics.Overthelasttwoyears,DuPont(DD)creatednewfiberscalledAracon,madeofKevlar,thataresuperstrong,canconductelectricity,andcanbewovenintoordinary-lookingclothes.AndchipmakerInfineon(IFX)developedchippackagingallowingwearablecomputerstobewashed,evenintheheavy-dutycycle.

Asaresult,thesenewwearablesareafarcryfromtheclunkyanddownrightsillyversionsoftherecentpast,whichoftenrequireduserstobewrappedinwires,typeontheirstomachs,andsportanunseemlydisplayontheirforeheads."Cyborgcomputingwasveryclunky,verybulkymachinesthatpeopledidntwanttocarryaround,"saysNanda,aresearcherattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinCambridge,Mass."Ourbagsfeelandlooklikebags."

Unliketheirpredecessors,thesenewwearablecomputersalsomakeeconomicsense.Whenherbagbecomescommerciallyavailableintwotothreeyears,Nandaexpectsitwillcostaround0,whichisthepriceofanaverageleatherpurse.Only"itsfun,youcanripapartandputtogetheracomputer,"shesays.

Hereshowthebagworks:Youplaceaspecialradio-signal-transmittingchipontoyourwallet.Asimilarradioinyourpursepicksupthesignalandnotifiesyouthatyouveforgottentotakeyourwallet.Inturn,sensorsonyourpurseshandleswillnotifythecomputerthatyouvepickedupthepurseandarereadytogo.

Suchunobtrusive,inconspicuous,andfundevicesshouldgrabmorethan80%ofthetotalwearablecomputingmarketby2008,whilecyborgianwearablePCswillremainaniche,saysIDCanalystKevinBurden.Already,thesenewkindsofwearablesarebeingadoptedforuseinmarketslikeautorepair,emergencyservices,medicalmonitoring--andeven,increasingly,forconsumersatlarge.

Wearablesarealsoslowlymakingtheirwayintotheauto-repairmarket.AcompanycalledMicrovision(MVIS)recentlyintroduceditsNomadhead-mounteddisplay.Itcoversoneeye,butitssee-through,allowingautotechnicianstoexaminetheinnardsofacarandcheckthemagainston-screencomputerdrawingsatthesametime.Itcomesasabaseballcapclip-on,tobemoreunobtrusive.

Sofar,itsahit:AtJimFisherVolvodealershipinPortland,Ore.,whichhasbeentestingthesystemforaboutsevenmonths,productivityoftechnicianswentup10%to20%,saysServiceManagerJohnProsser.Betteryet,customerstalkingtotechnicianswhoarewearingthesecontraptionsalsoaremorelikelytoagreetorepairs,pushingrevenueup15%to18%.SaysProsser:"Thismakes[technicians]wanttogetinvolvedandtocrossthisbridgeofreluctance"inusinganewtechnology.

Indeed,manymorepeoplewillwanttocrossthatbridgeinthecomingyears--makingforaboomingmarketforwearablecomputersthatdontlooklikesomethingoutofanoldStarTrekepisode.

最新型的可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品在外觀方面與普通衣物幾乎沒有什么兩樣，而售價(jià)的降低和功能的豐富也許會(huì)使它成為未來人類不可或缺的工具之一。

Thelatestgenerationoftheseever-smartergarmentslooklikeordinaryclothes,assembledtogetherwithVelcrothatconductselectricity,thesepiecesformabagthatlooks,feels,andweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpurse.

你能否想象一臺(tái)僅僅4英寸大小的電腦？用戶可以方便地隨身攜帶，重量與一件普通的皮夾克差不多。它，就是“可穿著式電腦”。最新型的可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品在外觀方面與普通衣物幾乎沒有什么兩樣，而售價(jià)的降低和功能的豐富也許會(huì)使它成為未來人類不可或缺的工具之一。

據(jù)美國(guó)《商業(yè)周刊》3月8日?qǐng)?bào)道，這種“小家伙”可以幫助用戶通過無線方式與主人的其他財(cái)物保持聯(lián)系，并隨時(shí)隨地提醒用戶一些生活細(xì)節(jié)。當(dāng)用戶離開房間的時(shí)候，它會(huì)乖巧地提醒主人不要忘記攜帶錢包；在主人出行時(shí)，它會(huì)自動(dòng)查詢天氣預(yù)報(bào)，幫助主人做到未雨綢繆；它甚至還可以在主人穿著的圍脖中加入喜歡的歌曲。

的確，這些高科技的電腦更多情況下只能出現(xiàn)在科幻小說的情節(jié)當(dāng)中。不過，根據(jù)市場(chǎng)調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)IDC提供的預(yù)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，下一代“可穿著式電腦”產(chǎn)品在未來幾年中將成為市場(chǎng)上的常見商品。IDC預(yù)測(cè)，這種高科技產(chǎn)品的銷量，包括電腦錢包、電腦手表、電腦T恤，將從去年的26萬臺(tái)提高到2008年的139萬臺(tái)。

高科技電腦產(chǎn)品的背后都有著堅(jiān)實(shí)的技術(shù)支柱。過去兩年中，美國(guó)杜邦公司發(fā)明了一種新型的纖維材質(zhì)，名為Aracon。這種材料具有超高強(qiáng)度并可導(dǎo)電，最重要的是，它可以被任意地折疊并制作成衣服。芯片制造商英飛凌（Infineon）公司也開發(fā)了一款專門用于可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品的芯片包，這種芯片包可以在衣物電腦被水洗的過程中保護(hù)芯片的安全。

與上一代昂貴的可穿著電腦不同，新型產(chǎn)品在售價(jià)方面更加廉價(jià)。IDC預(yù)計(jì)，在未來兩到三年內(nèi)，可穿著電腦的平均售價(jià)將降至每臺(tái)150美元。這個(gè)價(jià)格已接近普通皮夾克的售價(jià)，為產(chǎn)品的普及奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

目前，這種產(chǎn)品已被應(yīng)用于醫(yī)療服務(wù)領(lǐng)域。美國(guó)經(jīng)營(yíng)健康產(chǎn)品的Apex公司計(jì)劃在本月晚些時(shí)候，將這種可穿著式電腦應(yīng)用于幫助用戶減肥方面，此款產(chǎn)品可隨時(shí)計(jì)算出用戶所消耗的熱量并科學(xué)地調(diào)節(jié)減肥者的膳食結(jié)構(gòu)；加州一些醫(yī)學(xué)院及制藥公司則將可穿著電腦應(yīng)用于病人實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控方面，以便讓醫(yī)生隨時(shí)觀察病人的心跳、血壓、呼吸等數(shù)據(jù)。

隨著可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品的廣泛應(yīng)用，也許再過幾年電影《星球大戰(zhàn)》中描述的那種科學(xué)世界將真正來臨。

Unit3

合作探究

mainideas

Para1theabstractoftheproposal

Para2----7howReaICineworks;

whyRealCineisbetterthanordinarycinema;

howitcanbeusedinotherways

Para8conclusionoftheproposal

自主演練

A．單項(xiàng)填空

答案及解析：

1、AtheEuropean表類指；aforeignlanguage為泛指

2、C在like/love/hateitwhen…這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，it可以解釋為形式賓語(yǔ)，但是與我們所熟悉的it作形式賓語(yǔ)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不同的是，在它之后沒有形容詞或名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

3、A作blame的賓語(yǔ)，所以都應(yīng)當(dāng)用賓格形式。

4、B從所提供的情景themoreyoulearn，并結(jié)合所給的選項(xiàng)可以確定這是“the+比較級(jí)+陳述句，the+比較級(jí)+陳述句”的句型，表示“越……越……”。這句話的意思是：我認(rèn)為，教育是關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)的事，你學(xué)得越多，你對(duì)生活準(zhǔn)備得就越充分。

5、A倍數(shù)詞+as…as意為“是……多少倍”

6、Cpurpose目的，意圖;desire愿望，請(qǐng)求;attempt嘗試;intention意圖，意向，目的。從題意“他已經(jīng)仔細(xì)準(zhǔn)備了英語(yǔ)考試以確保一次通過考試”可以看出C是正確答案。

7、D第一空為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，與一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(foreightyears)；第二空：在一次晚會(huì)上認(rèn)識(shí)之前就見過，正是“過去的過去”的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，故選D

8、根據(jù)woke（wake的過去式）可以判斷，這里談?wù)摰呐c“現(xiàn)在”無關(guān)，因此可排除B和D兩項(xiàng)。“I”是在讀書期間睡著的(whilereading)，而不是在之前睡著的，所以項(xiàng)也不恰當(dāng)。

9、B句意：因?yàn)長(zhǎng)ucy失業(yè)了，所以她在考慮重返校園，但她現(xiàn)在還沒有決定。根據(jù)題意說話者再說現(xiàn)在的情況，因此排除A、C、D三項(xiàng)，B屬現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在的事，進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)“考慮”這個(gè)動(dòng)作的“未完成性”，所以是最佳答案。

10、C句意：北京市市長(zhǎng)說所有北京奧林匹克建筑將于2006年完成。此題考查英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)，很顯然本題應(yīng)改用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此排除B、D；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by2006，應(yīng)選擇將來完成時(shí)，因此選C

11、C根據(jù)evensince(從那時(shí)，一直到現(xiàn)在），所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，排除A、B、D項(xiàng)。

12、D病人被治療，又有時(shí)間thisyear，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

13、C整個(gè)句子是基于過去時(shí)態(tài)，A和D兩項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)顯然不對(duì)。再由句意“Susan決定不在家里，因?yàn)樗幌胱尭改钢浪谧鍪裁础笨芍€沒有做完，故C項(xiàng)正確，進(jìn)行體有未完成性、暫時(shí)性的特點(diǎn)。

14、B現(xiàn)在“thisopensea”仍然被稱作“thePacific”，屬于客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

15、C本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。先排除B項(xiàng)，因?yàn)锽項(xiàng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，不可作狀語(yǔ)；A、D兩項(xiàng)為不定式形式放在句首時(shí)常作目的狀語(yǔ)，這顯然與本題邏輯上不符。

16、D句意：據(jù)說Barbara的姐姐在上學(xué)的路上從自行車上摔了下來，左腿上的很重。首先排除A、C項(xiàng)，因不符合習(xí)慣用法。Hurt為及物動(dòng)詞，故應(yīng)選D這個(gè)過去分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。

17、Cjustnow是表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在表示過去發(fā)生的事時(shí)，必須用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+should+過去分詞”的形式。所以只能在選項(xiàng)B或C中確定答案。mustn’thaveeaten是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)椤癿ust+動(dòng)詞”表示“禁止”，不表示判斷或推斷。這句話的意思是：哦，我覺得胃不舒服，我剛剛不該吃那么多炸雞。

18、Dasif從句所談的情況與實(shí)際情況相反使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

19、BTheymusthavebeenenjoyingthemselvesthere表示對(duì)過去的確有的把握的推測(cè)，他們一定在那玩的很高興。后面是：否則他們就不會(huì)待那么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。wouldn’thavestayed這里表示于過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬。

20、B本題中，justasthenamesuggests是一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)，去掉它，重新組合本句：Afastfoodrestaurantistheplacewhereeatingisperformedquickly.其中eating是動(dòng)名詞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，因此答案只能選B，作狀語(yǔ)。全句意思為：顧名思義，快餐店是一個(gè)就餐快的地方。

B．短文填空

hit,On,atmosphere,remaining,speed,outwards,coast,drowned,lands,set,waves,destroyed,but,escape,hidden,fall,food,alive,space,through

C．詞匯題

1、B.deliversthtosb/sth表示遞送；傳遞；交付；運(yùn)載。

2、C.impresssbwithsth/sb使欽佩，給…留下深刻的好印象

3、Aannounce表示宣布、宣告（決定、計(jì)劃等）

4、Bforcesbtodosth表示強(qiáng)迫某人做某事

5、Dextraordinaryadj.非常的,特別的,非凡的,特派的

6、B句意：你是當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)的，關(guān)于這件事，沒有任何借口。

7、Cputforward意為：提名

8、Cputsthontosb意為：轉(zhuǎn)交；（用后）遞給，傳給

9、D句意：我們的地球正在變暖的后果之一就是自然災(zāi)害的數(shù)量的增加。

10、Bputone’sheartinto的意思是“專心致志”

11、D看問題至少?gòu)膬蓚€(gè)方面

12、C“醫(yī)生，當(dāng)我深呼吸的時(shí)候，胸口感到疼痛。”比較四個(gè)詞的詞義：harm損害；wound受傷；hurt刺痛；injury受傷。hurt作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，是“疼痛”的意思。

13、D比較四個(gè)詞的詞義：achievement成就；agreement贊同；attention注意，專心；appreciation感謝，欣賞。根據(jù)句意：對(duì)他的關(guān)懷表示的應(yīng)是“謝意”，故選D

14、C住在高層建筑的頂層的優(yōu)勢(shì)之一是能看到好的景色。比較四個(gè)詞的詞義：sight風(fēng)景名勝、視力；scene一個(gè)地區(qū)的自然景色或人為的環(huán)境；view多只從山上或向窗外遠(yuǎn)看的景色；look神色、外表。

15、Aputsthforward推遲；句意：根據(jù)校長(zhǎng)的要求，會(huì)議往后推遲了一個(gè)星期。

D．改錯(cuò)題

1.and→but2.time→times3.to→for　4.that→those　5.去掉one　
6.√7.takes→took　8.build前加to9.had→have　10.what→how　

E．單句翻譯

1.Goodcustomsshouldbepassedononebyonegeneration.

2.Hisfatherforcedhimtogiveupsmoking.

3.Thegirlwhohasanextraordinarydancingtalentisourmonitor.

4.Hewantedtoimpresshisemployeesbypayingthemextramoney.

5.IfIhaveabirthdayparty,Iwillannounceittomyfriendsatonce.

6.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschooltodayisthathismotherwasill.

7.ImgoingtodeliverthisdiamondringbecauseIknowwhoeverImgivingtowouldlikeit

8.WeshouldputforwardaneffectivewaytoimproveourEnglishstudy.

9.Everybodyshouldsetupanexampletothenextgenerationviahisownbehavior.

10.Heguidedusfromonesuccesstoanother.

F.書面表達(dá)

Possibleversion

Deareditor,

ImastudentofSeniorThree.Ithinkmyparentsshouldbuymeacomputernow.Asweknow,computershavebeenofgreatuseandwillbeusedmoreandmoreinourdailylife.BesidecomputersarealsohelpfulinourEnglishlearning.TherearepilesoflearningsoftwarewecanusIdontseeanythingwrongforustospendsometimeplayinggames.Afterall,weneedsomethingtoenjoyourselves.

Onemoreword,withcomputerswecangetmoreinformationandgetmoreknowledge.Dontyouagree?

Areader　

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld—Task學(xué)案

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld—Task學(xué)案

★Teachingaims:

1.HelptheSstoimprovetheirlisteningabilityandtheirskillsoftellingthefactsandstatingpersonalopinions.

2.MakesurethattheSsknowthedifferencebetweenthefactsandopinions.

Teachingprocedures:

Skillbuilding1:distinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions

Stepone:completinganotesheet

Skillbuilding2:askingforinformation

Steptow:findingoutaboutthecomputerroom

Skillbuilding3:formalwriting

Stepthree:writingaproposalforanewcomputerroom★Usefulwordsandexpressions

1.Therefore,Iamwritingtoyoutovoicemyopinions.

(1)thereforeadv.因此，所以

Eg.Heworkeddayandnight,andthereforehewasabletobuythesportscar.

Hewastheonlycandidate.Therefore,hewaselected.

Therefore和so兩詞都作“因此”講。Therefore作因此講時(shí)是副詞，通常不用來連接兩個(gè)分句；而so是連詞，因此他可以用來連接兩個(gè)分句。

Eg.Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChinaandthereforehecan’tadviseyouaboutit.

=Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChina,______hecan’tadviceyouaboutit.

=Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChina.________,hecan’tadviceyouaboutit.(2)opinion

Eg.What’syouropinionofthenewplan?

Everyonehadadifferentopiniononthesubject.

insb.’sopinion

haveagood/bad/high/lowopinionof…對(duì)…評(píng)價(jià)好/不好/高/低

give/express/voiceanopinion(on…)對(duì)…發(fā)表意見2.Inmyopinion,itisabouttimewehadnewcomputers.

Itis(high/about)timethat后面的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚袝r(shí)也用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”(should不可省略)，其意為“早該做某事了”

Eg.It’shightimeyouclameddownandsetaclearaimforyourself.

Inmyopinion,it’stimeyoushouldtakeaction.

=Inmyopinion,it’stime______takeaction.3.Duringthejourney,theprofessorandhisnephewcomeacrosstheCentralSea,abigundergroundocean.

Comeacross(不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

（1）（偶然）遇見，碰到，發(fā)現(xiàn)（across為介詞，后接賓語(yǔ)）

Eg.Icameacrossthechildrensleepingunderthebridgetheotherday.

(2)vi.被理解，被弄懂

It’sapitythatyourmeaningdidn’t________.

很遺憾你的意思沒有真正被理解。

（3）提供，給予（常與介詞with連用）

Ihopeshewouldcomeacrosswithsomemoreinformation.

Comeabout發(fā)生

Comeout（太陽(yáng)，月亮或星星）出現(xiàn)；出版

Cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)

你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？

常用于：rescuesb.(from…)營(yíng)救某人；

come/go/toone’srescue來/去救援某人；

arescueparty救援隊(duì)

eg.Thesoldierrescuedthebabyfromtheruins.5.forcen.力量，武力；效力

辨析：

force指物理學(xué)意義上的力，尤指人或物撞擊或推動(dòng)物體時(shí)所用的力；也指為做成某事而使用的力量，還可指武力，效力。

strength指物的強(qiáng)度，人的力氣，尤指承受重物的力量。還可指人的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)，長(zhǎng)處。

energy用于人時(shí)指精力；還可指能源，能量。

power能力；電力，動(dòng)力；影響力；權(quán)利

eg.Hefelltothegroundunderthe______oftheblow.

Idon’thavethe_______tocarryyouanyfurther.

Itisnotwithinmy______tohelpyou.

Heisamanfullof_______.6.guidevt.給某人領(lǐng)路或?qū)в?；指?dǎo)（人）

n.指南；手冊(cè)；導(dǎo)游

eg.Ifyoudon’thaveacompass,usethestarstoguideyou.

Heguidedhisnewbusiness________success.

他引導(dǎo)他的新事業(yè)走向成功。

Sheguidedthetourists_________thecity.

她領(lǐng)著游客們游覽了這個(gè)城市。

Thisisaguide_____Egypt.

這是本埃及旅游指南。Exercise:

一、單選

1.Itistimethatwe_____afinalagreementtosolvetheproblem.

A.reachB.havereachedC.reachedD.reaching

2.Mr.Blackhurriedtothetheatreonly_______thattheperformancewasover.

A.tohavefoundB.finding

C.foundD.tofind

3.Howdidit_______thatheknewwherewewere?

A.comeoverB.comeout

C.comeaboutD.comeup

4.Firefightersattemptedto______theboyfromthefire,butunfortunatelytheyfailed.

A.regainB.recoverC.rescueD.reserve

5.Wereachedthedestinationfinallywithanative______theway.

A.leadingB.toleadC.ledD.lead

6.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar_______atthegarage.

A.willberepairedB.isrepaired

C.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired

7.Thepoorman,________,ranoutofthedarkcave.

A.trembledandfrightenedB.tremblingandfrightened

C.trembledandfrighteningD.tremblingandfrightening

8.Kidsshouldbecorrectly________intheirdailylife.

A.shownB.guidedC.taughtD.led

9.Thesoldierskepta______watchontheenemyincasetheymightget______tothematmidnight.

A.closely;closelyB.close;close

C.closely;closeD.close;closely

10.---DoyouthinkwhatTomdoesallday?

----IknowhespendsatleastasmuchastimewatchingTVashe_____hislesson.

A.isdoingB.doesdoingC.doesD.spendsin

二、閱讀理解

Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor;youmustbeabletoholdtheattentionandinterestofyouraudience;youmustbeaclearspeakerwithagood,string,pleasingvoicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;andyoumustbeabletoactwhatyouareteaching,inordertomakeitsmeaningclear.

Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesnotsitmotionlessbeforehisclass:hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching;hewalksabout,usinghisarms,handsandfingerstohelphimandhisexpressions,andhisfacetoexpressfeelings.Listentohim,andyouwillheartheloudness,thequalityandthemusicalnoteofhisvoicealwayschangingaccordingtowhatheistalkingabout.

Thefactthatagoodteacherhassomeofthegiftsofagoodactordoesn’tmeanthathewillindeedbeabletoactwellonthestage,forthereareveryimportantdifferencesbetweentheteacher’sworkandtheactor’s.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart;hehastorepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart,evenhismovementsandthewaysinwhichheuseshisvoiceareusuallyfixedbeforehand.Whathehastodoistomakeallthesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseemnaturalonthestage.

Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakesanactivepartinhisplay:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon’tunderstandsomething,theysayso.Theteacherthereforehastosuithisacttotheneedsofhisaudience,whichishisclass.Hecannotlearnhispartbyheart,butmustinventitashegoesalong.

Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhowerefineactorsinclassbutwereunabletotakepartinastageplaybecausetheirbrainswouldn’tkeepdiscipline:theycouldnotkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhadwritten.

1.Whatisthetextabout?

A.Howtobecomeagoodteacher.

B.Whatagoodteachershoulddooutsidetheclassroom.

C.Whatteachersandactorscoulddooutsidetheclassroom.

D.Thesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenateacher’sworkandanactor’s.

2.Inwhatwayisateacher’sworkdifferentfromanactor’s?

A.Theteachermustlearneverythingbyheart.

B.Theteacherknowshowtocontrolhisvoicebetterthananactor.

C.Theteacherhastodealwithunexpectedsituations.

D.Theteacherhastousemorefacialexpressions.

3.Themaindifferencebetweenstudentsinclassandatheatreaudienceisthat.

A.studentscanmovearoundintheclassroom

B.studentsmustkeepsilentwhiletheatreaudienceneedn’t

C.nomemoryworkisneededforthestudents

D.thestudentsmusttakepartintheirteacher’swork

4.Agood-teacher’svoice.

A.shouldbeclearandfullyunderhiscontrol

B.shouldnotbetooloudortoolow

D.shouldbefixedbeforehegoestoclass

D.allofabove課時(shí)57

語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)：

1.so;Therefore2.foryouto

3.comeacross;Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout?

5.force;strength;power;energy

6.to;around;to

單選：

CDCCACBBBB

閱讀：

DCDA

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld教案學(xué)案練習(xí)一體化

一名愛崗敬業(yè)的教師要充分考慮學(xué)生的理解性，準(zhǔn)備好一份優(yōu)秀的教案往往是必不可少的。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好的吸收課堂上所講的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，幫助高中教師更好的完成實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)。我們要如何寫好一份值得稱贊的高中教案呢？下面是小編精心收集整理，為您帶來的《Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld教案學(xué)案練習(xí)一體化》，歡迎大家閱讀，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。

譯林牛津版高中英語(yǔ)模塊四Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld教案學(xué)案練習(xí)一體化
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)
1．詞匯：reality,extraordinary,character,interactive,set,upon,feeling,headset,enable,monitor,via,deliver,straw,final,besides,firefighter,burn,battle,whale,ant,fantastic,opportunity,industry,impress,announce,liquid,soap,powder,showcase,employ,accuse,file,popularity,criticize,fade,editor,therefore,voice,opinion,crash,nephew,central,surface,southern,hero,gentle,journey,per,rescue,force,guide,safely.
2．詞組、短語(yǔ)：passon,thousandsof,beconnectedto,putforward,lastbutnotleast,setup,inmyopinion,comeacross,notonly….butalso.
3．語(yǔ)法、結(jié)構(gòu)：1)Thepassivevoice
2)Modalverbsandthepassivevoice
3)Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice
4．技能指導(dǎo)：
Bytheendofthisunit,studentswillbeableto:
1）readaformalproposalandsummariesofthreesciencefictionnovels
2）listentofactsandopinionsandaninterviewaboutcomputeruse
3）Discussviewsontechnologyandinterviewaclassmate
4）Writeaproposalforacomputerroomandashortsciencefictionstory
5）Expandvocabularyrelatedtocomputer
合作探究
Welcometotheunit
1．導(dǎo)入：Thegeneralideaofthisperiod
Thepicturesandthequestionsofthispartmakestudentstakenoticeofthelifeinthefuture.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,someofourwildestdreamscouldcometrueinthefuture.
Reading
體驗(yàn)：Readingcomprehension
Thearticleinthissectionisabusinessproposalwhichintroducesanewbusinessidea.AskstudentstoskimandscantheproposalandtrytofindanswerstothethreequestionsinPartA.Remindstudentsonlytofocusonthemostimportantinformationneededtoanswerthesequestions.Meanwhileaskstudentstopayattentiontothestructureofthepassage.
Payattentiontothestructureofthearticle.Organizestudentsintogroupsoffour.Askthemtodiscussthisarticleandanalyzethestructure.Also,studentsneedtoconcludewhatthemainideaofeachpartofthearticleis.
mainideas
Para1____________________________________________________________
Para2----7____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Para8____________________________________________________________
Activitiesanddiscuss
1.Afterstudentshaveworkedoutthemainideasforthedifferentparts,tofurtherstrengthenthecomprehension,askstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestionandfillinthechartaccordingtotheproposal.
HowcanRealCineexcitetheviewersfivesenses?
SenseThingsneededEffectsinRealCine
sightspecialVRheadsetsViewerscanseeaworldof3Danimationallaroundthem.
soundspecialVRheadsetsViewerscanhearthesoundsclearlyallaroundthem.
smellsmallopeningintheheadsetSmellsaregivenout.
toughspecialglovesViewerscantoughpeopleandobjectsinthefilm.
tasteastrawsensorSpecialfoodanddrinkchemicalsareplacesintotheviewers’mouth.

2.Thenchecktheanswersasaclass.Iftimeallows,organizeaclasspresentation.AskstudentstodiscussandusetheinformationinthechartabovetogiveabriefpresentationaboutvirtualrealityandRealCine.
3.Presentthefollowingsentencestostudents.Askthemtoreadeachoneandthinkaboutthecharacteristicsofthelanguageusedinthisarticle.
IbelieveyouwillbeamazedbytheRealCineexperience,andwillagreethatthisisanextraordinarytechnologythatmustbedevelopedfurther.
Viewerswillbesurprisedathowrealitfeels.
RealCineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.
IamsureyouwillagreethatRealCineprovidesafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.
Askstudents:
Asadecisionmaker,doyouthinkyouwouldfinallybepersuadedtoinvestordevelopRealCine?Whyorwhynot?
Whatdoyouthinkofthelanguageusedtnthesesentences?
Tellthemthatthepurposeofabusinessproposalistoplanorsuggestanewidea.Thegoalistohelpthecustomersortheinvestorsmaketheirdecisions.Therefore,clearandpersuasivelanguageisoftenused.
4.AskstudentstoreadtheReadingstrategy.Tellstudentsthatasuccessfulbusinessproposalneedstobeobjectiveandthatdetailedinformationandconvincingfactsorexamplestogetherwiththepassivevoicearefrequentlyusedtoachievethispurpose.Therefore,whenreadingabusinessproposal,theycanfocusonthesefeatures.
5.Askstudentstoreadthearticleagainandunderlinethesentencesusingthepassivevoiceinthepassage.Givesomeexplanationswhythepassivevoiceisused.Thiswillhelpstudentsgetabetterunderstandingofhowtowriteaproposal.
6.HavestudentscompletePartD.ThemeaningsofthewordsinPartDshouldnotbedifficultforstudentstoidentifyaftertheyhavereadthroughthepassageseveraltimes.AskstudentstorefertothetextastheycompletePartD.Thisexercisecanhelpstudentsunderstandthetextbetter.
7DrawstudentsattentiontoPartE.PartEisareplytotheproposal,whichservesasasummaryofthearticleaboutRealCine.Havestudentscompleteitindividuallyfirstandthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.
Post-readingactivities
UsethefollowingactivitiestohelpstudentsdeepentheirunderstandingofRealCineanddeveloptheirspeakingabilityaswell.
Organizestudentsintogroupsoffour.Askthemtoholdagroupdiscussion.ImaginewhatspecialeffecttheyhopetohaveiftheycanseeapopularfilmlikeHarryPotterandthePhilosophersStoneinRealCine.
DoyouthinkwatchingaHarryPotterfilminRealCineismoreexcitingandinterestingthaninanordinarycinema?Whyorwhynot?
Afterthediscussion,askeachgrouptomakeanadvertisementposterforthisimaginaryvirtualrealityfilm.Thentheymaymakeanoralpresentationoftheiradvertisementsinclass.Everystudentcanvoteandchoosethebestonefromalltheadvertisements.Ifpossible,askthemtostatetheirreasonsfortheirchoice.
Organizestudentsintogroupsofsix.AskthemtowriteanintroductiontoReaICine.Intheintroduction,theymaystatetheirownopinionsonRealCine.
Organizestudentsintotwogroups.Askthemtoholdadebateactivity.
Thosewhosupportvirtualrealitybelievethat,withthistechnology,peoplecandoalmosteverything,eventhingsthatcannotberealizedinnormallife.Wedontneedtotravelanymoreorspendsomuchtimewithfriendsanymore.Virtualrealitycanprovideanynecessaryfeaturesthatweneeditlourlife.Othersinsistthat,reallifeandinterpersonalcommunicationshouldneverbereplacedbyimaginaryscenes.Peopleshouldtakeofftheheadsetsandexperiencethereallifethemselves.Whatdoyouthinkofthesetwoopinions?Stateyourreasons.
Iftimepermits,askstudentstodoPartsA1andA2onpage96intheirWorkbook,sotheywillbemorefamiliarwiththetextandthewordsandexpressionslearntinthispart.Ortheycandothetwoexercisesafterclassashomework.
PartFaimsatconsolidatingstudentsspeakingability.AskstudentstoreadtheinstructionsforPartFanddiscusswittheirpartnersthequestionscloselyrelatedtonewtechnology.Encouragestudentstosharetheiropinionsandreporttheiranswerstotheclass.
AskstudentsfirsttoreadPartAandthentodoPartBintheWritingsectionofthisunitonpage103intheiWorkbook.ThepassageinPartAisasample.Afterreadingit,theywillknowhowtowriteanarticleaboutthefutureschoolinPartB.
Summary
Realcineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.unlikeordinarycinema,RealCineexcitesallfiveofpeople’ssenses:sight,hearing,smell,tough,andeventaste.VRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldandmakethemworkhardertomaketheirdreamscometrue.Vrcanalsodosomethingthatcouldneverbeachievedinrealworld.RealCinewillcertainlyprovideafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.
Wordsandexpressions：
3．研析：
詞匯
1）extraordinary,
1)adj.（形容詞）
非凡的，超出一般或平常的，顯著的：
amanofextraordinarystrength
一位力氣驚人的男子
anextraordinaryachievement.
一個(gè)非凡的成就
特別的：用于特殊的服務(wù)、功能或場(chǎng)合的：
aministerextraordinary；anextraordinaryprofessor.
特派部長(zhǎng)；一位特職教授
Whatanextraordinaryidea!
多么離奇的想法!
特別的，臨時(shí)的，額外的
anextraordinarysession
臨時(shí)會(huì)議
Itisextraordinarythat….------是不平常的
Itwasextraordinarythatherefusedourrequest.
他拒絕了我們的邀請(qǐng)實(shí)在是不尋常。
2）character
n.（名詞）
1）性質(zhì)，性格，特色，身份；
adeterminedcharacter果斷的性格；
inhischaracterasfather.以父親的身份；
2)字
ThecharactersinChinesewritinglooklikesmallpictures.
漢字看起來象是一幅幅小圖畫。
aChinesecharacter
一個(gè)漢字
3）個(gè)性；特色；（事物的）特性
Hehasastrongbutgentlecharacter.
thecharacterofthesavannaareas大草原地方的特色；
他有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)但溫柔的性格。
Thenewbuildingshavechangedthecharacterofthevillage.
新建筑改變了這個(gè)村莊的特點(diǎn)。
4）（書、劇中的）人物
Ifindallthecharactersinhisnewplayveryreal.
我覺得他那出新戲中所有的人物都很真實(shí)。
Thestoryhasonlyafewcharacters.那故事只有幾個(gè)角色。
相關(guān)詞組：
incharacter
相符的：與某人特性或行為相符的：
behaviorthatwastotallyincharacter.
與特性完全相符的行為
outofcharacter
不相符的：與某人特性或行為不相符的：
aresponsesomuchoutofcharacterthatitamazedme.
回答與其性格如此不符，使我感到吃驚
3）set
v.（動(dòng)詞）v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
set，setting，sets
放置：放在指定的地方；放置：
setabookonatable.
在桌上放一本書
使處于某種狀態(tài)：
settheprisoneratliberty.
給犯人自由
使牢固：放入穩(wěn)定的位置：
setthefencepostintoabedofconcrete.
將籬笆樁置于水泥床上
setabrokenarm.
接合斷臂
setthesails.
揚(yáng)帆
setanalarmclock.
上鬧鐘
安排：適當(dāng)布置以備用：
setaplaceforadinnerguest;setatable.
為宴會(huì)客人安排地方；放置桌子
以…為背景：確定一幕劇的情節(jié)展開的特定地點(diǎn)：
aplaythatissetinVenice.
以威尼斯為背景的劇
創(chuàng)立：
setaworldrecord.
創(chuàng)世界紀(jì)錄
樹立榜樣：
Aparentmustsetagoodexampleforthechildren.
父母必須為孩子樹立好榜樣
有準(zhǔn)備的：
Wearesettoleaveearlytomorrowmorning.
我們準(zhǔn)備明早離開
相關(guān)詞組：
setabout
開始：開始或出發(fā)：
setaboutsolvingtheproblem.
著手解決問題
setdown
坐：使坐；坐下：
Setthebabydownhere.
讓小孩坐這兒
記錄：寫下；記錄：
Wesetdownthefacts.
我們記下事實(shí)
認(rèn)為；看作：
Justsethimdownasasneak.
當(dāng)他是個(gè)陰險(xiǎn)的人
把…歸于：由…引起；把…歸于：
Letssettheerrordowntoinexperience.
讓我們把錯(cuò)誤歸于沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)
著陸：（飛機(jī)）著陸：
Thepilotsettheplanedownhard.
飛行員艱難地使飛機(jī)著陸
setforth
提出：提出想法；建議：
setforthasoundplan.
提出一個(gè)合理的計(jì)劃
表達(dá)：用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)：
Shehassetforthherideas.
她已經(jīng)表達(dá)出了想法
setoff
發(fā)生：引起；導(dǎo)致發(fā)生：
setoffachemicalreaction.
發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)
爆炸：引起爆炸：
setoffabomb.
炸彈爆炸
開始旅程：
setoffforEurope.
開始?xì)W洲之旅
setout
著手：開始一個(gè)熱切的計(jì)劃；著手：
Hesetouttounderstandwhytheplanhadfailed.
他開始明白為什么計(jì)劃失敗了
種：
setoutseedlings.
種小樹
開始旅程：
Shesetoutatdawnfortown.
她日出時(shí)出發(fā)去鎮(zhèn)上
setup
建立：
setupacharity.
建立一家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)
setfireto
縱火：點(diǎn)燃或使燃燒
set(ones)hearton
決心做某事
n.（名詞）
一套：一組互屬并成套使用的同類物品：
achessset.
一套國(guó)際象棋
4）reason
n.（名詞）.
原因；理由；動(dòng)機(jī)
Thereasonshewasillwasthatshehadeatenbadmeat.
她生病的原因是她吃了變質(zhì)的肉。
Thereasonforthisisthatthisplaneisalsoabicycle.
其原因是,這架飛機(jī)又是一輛自行車。理性；理智；道理；判斷力
Theresagreatdealofreasoninhisadvice.
他的忠告極有道理。
"Therearereasonsforthisgreatinterestintheideas,feelings,andactionsofyouth."
"對(duì)年青人的思想、感情和行動(dòng)發(fā)生這樣巨大的興趣,自有它的道理。"
itstandstoreason
合乎道理
listentoreason
服從道理
withreason
有理由；合乎情理
Hethinks,withreason,thatIdontlikehim.
他有理由認(rèn)為我不喜歡他。
vi.,vt.
推理；推究
toreasonclearly
推理清楚
（與into,outof連用）勸說
toreasonapersonoutoffear
勸人別害怕
（與with連用）與…爭(zhēng)辯
5）via,prep.（介詞）
經(jīng)由，途經(jīng)
totravelfromBeijingtoShanghaiviaTianjin
由北京經(jīng)由天津去上海
通過；憑藉
IsentamessagetoMaryviaherbrother.
我托瑪麗的兄弟把信帶給她。
6）deliver,v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
遞送：帶到或運(yùn)送到適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤交蚪邮苷撸环炙停?br> delivergroceries;deliverthemail.
運(yùn)送食品；投遞郵件
交付：把（某人或某物）交給他人；移交：
deliveredthecriminaltothepolice.
把罪犯交給警察
的工人
Tothroworhurl:
擲，猛投：
Thepitcherdeliveredtheball.
投手猛一投球
陳述，發(fā)言：用言辭表達(dá)；發(fā)表，講：
deliveralecture.
發(fā)表演講
分娩：
Shedeliveredababyboythismorning.
今天早晨她生了個(gè)小男孩
使分娩：給（產(chǎn)婦）接生：
Thedoctordeliveredheroftwins.
這個(gè)醫(yī)生為她接生了一對(duì)雙胞胎
放出，制造；生產(chǎn)：
Theoilwelldeliveredonly50barrelsaday.
這口油井每天只產(chǎn)原油五十桶
7）impress,（常與with連用）使（人）印象深刻；使銘記
常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不用進(jìn)行式，常與on連用）使印象深刻
Thebookimpressedalotofpeople.這本書在很多人心中留下深刻印象。
Iwasdeeplyimpressedby(at,with)hisspeech.他的演講給我留下深刻印象
Impress+n.+on(upon)+n.(person)=impress+n.(person)+with
Iimpressedonhimtheimportanceofhiswork.=Iimpressedhimwiththeimportanceofhiswork.
我使他注意他的工作的重要性。
（常與on連用）蓋（?。簧w（?。┯?br> impresswaxwithaseal
把印蓋在火漆上
8）announce宣布，宣告：使公開地知道
Toproclaimthepresenceorarrivalof:
宣布…的出席，宣布…的到來：
announceacaller.
宣布來訪者
Toprovideanindicationofbeforehand;foretell:
預(yù)示：事先提供暗示；預(yù)示：
Theinventionofthemicrochipannouncedanewgenerationofcomputers.
微晶片的發(fā)明預(yù)示了新一代的計(jì)算機(jī)
Toserveasanannouncerfor:
當(dāng)…的播音員：
announceafootballgameonTV.
在電視上給一場(chǎng)足球賽作播音
v.intr.（不及物動(dòng)詞）
Todeclareonescandidacy:
宣布競(jìng)選：宣布某人的候選人身份：
Presidentialcandidatesannouncetwoyearsinadvanceoftheelections.
在總統(tǒng)選舉前兩年宣布競(jìng)選者
Toserveasanannouncer.
作播音員
9）forcen.
n.（名詞）
力，力量
theforceoftheexplosion
爆炸力
Youmustuseforcetoopenthatbottle.
你必須用力打開那個(gè)瓶子。
Theporterhadtoforcethewindowopeneverymorning.
每天早晨門房只好用力硬把窗戶打開。
Newemergingforcesareinvincible.
新生力量是不可戰(zhàn)勝的。
暴力
Thethieftookthemoneyfromtheoldmanbyforce.
小偷用暴力奪走了老人的錢。
〈物〉力
theforceofgravity
地心引力
Theforceofgravitymakesthingsfalltoearth.
地心引力使物體落向地面。
威力；勢(shì)力
theforcesofevil
邪惡勢(shì)力
theforcesofnature
自然力
說服力
forceofexample
榜樣的力量
Thereisforceinwhathesaid.
他的話有說服力。
部隊(duì)；兵力
thepoliceforce
警察部隊(duì)
(pl)三軍武裝力量
Theairforceisoneofthearmedforces.
空軍是武裝部隊(duì)的一種。
inforce
大批地
Thepolicewerethereinforce.
大批警察駐守在那兒。
inforce
生效；在施行中(=intoforce)
joinforces(with)
聯(lián)合；合作
v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
forced，forcing，forces
強(qiáng)迫：通過壓力或需迫使：
Iforcedmyselftopracticedaily.Hewasforcedtotakeasecondjob.
我強(qiáng)迫自己每天練習(xí)。他被迫要找第二份工作
強(qiáng)行，硬：反對(duì)抵制或慣性地運(yùn)動(dòng)或影響：
forcedmyfootintotheshoe.
將腳硬塞入鞋中
強(qiáng)加：無情地折磨或強(qiáng)加：
Heforcedhisideasuponthegroup.
他把自己的意見強(qiáng)加給別人Toputunduestrainon:
施加過分的壓力：
Sheforcedhervoicedespitebeinghoarse.
盡管嗓子已啞，她仍使勁提高嗓音
force(someones)hand
迫使倉(cāng)促行動(dòng)：迫使某人在條件未成熟或不情愿的情況下行動(dòng)或發(fā)言
inforce
大批：大批的；大量的：有效的；操作性的
Demonstratorswereoutinforce.
大批示威者上街
arulethatisnolongerinforce.
不再有效的規(guī)則
force，oblige，
Force最為普遍，通常指力量的使用，尤其是體力上，或指不允許任何替代屈從的環(huán)境的進(jìn)行：
Teargasforcedthefugitivesoutoftheirhidingplace.
催淚彈氣體將逃犯從藏身之處嗆了出來。
Lackoffundswilleventuallyforcehimtolookforwork.
資金缺乏最終將會(huì)迫使他找工作。
Oblige適用于出于權(quán)力、需要、道德或倫理的考慮而被迫屈從：
“Workconsistsofwhateverabodyisobligedtodo”(MarkTwain).
“無論什么樣的工作都必須要做”（馬克吐溫）。
10）guide
n.（名詞）
領(lǐng)路人，導(dǎo)師，導(dǎo)游，向?qū)?br> Toserveasaguide.
監(jiān)督…的訓(xùn)練或教育：作為向?qū)?/p>

指南
ashoppersguide.，購(gòu)物指南
Aguidebook.指南，手冊(cè)
v.（動(dòng)詞）
guided，guiding，guides
v.tr.（及物動(dòng)詞）
帶領(lǐng)，為…做向?qū)В?br> Theyguidedustotheoffice.
他們帶領(lǐng)我們到了辦公室。
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；指導(dǎo)，影響；支配；操縱
Beguidedbyyourfeeling.
按你的感覺行事。
引導(dǎo)，指引
guidedmetomyseat;
帶我到我的座位上去；
guideashipthroughachannel.
引領(lǐng)輪船通過海峽
v.intr.（不及物動(dòng)詞）
guide,conduct,lead,steer作為動(dòng)詞在一起比較的一般含義是“領(lǐng)”、“導(dǎo)”或“引”。
guide(抽象名詞guidance，具體名詞guide“向?qū)А?是通用詞，可以用于“為別人帶路”、“指導(dǎo)別人的學(xué)習(xí)、品行修養(yǎng)”，它的內(nèi)涵是避免走彎路或遇到危險(xiǎn)
Thousandsoflanternsslowlydriftouttoseaguidingthedeadontheirreturnjourneytotheotherworld.
數(shù)千只燈籠慢慢向大海漂去，給死人返回陰間指明道路。
Atthetopofthebankmyguidepausedandlookedbackatme.
我的向?qū)г诤影渡仙酝Ａ艘幌?，并且回頭看了看我。
HeisnowstudyingundertheguidanceofProfessorGreen.
他現(xiàn)在正在格林教授的指導(dǎo)下學(xué)習(xí)。
而conduct(抽象名詞conductance“傳導(dǎo)力”，具體名詞conductor“向?qū)д摺?，公共汽車等的“售票員”)在表示“指導(dǎo)”、“引導(dǎo)”時(shí)含有明顯的主從關(guān)系，即被引導(dǎo)者不服從是不可以的
Thepolicemaneventuallyhadhishandstiedupandconductedhimtoashelter.
警察最后把他的雙手綁了起來并把他帶到一個(gè)防空洞。
Doyoupreferconductedtoursorindependenttravel?
你是喜歡跟著導(dǎo)游還是喜歡獨(dú)立地去旅行？
lead(抽象名詞leadership“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”，具體名詞leader“領(lǐng)袖”、“領(lǐng)隊(duì)”)可以表示“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”、“帶路”，但它總含有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者走在前面，而把被領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者控制在自己的權(quán)威之下，或被領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者處于秩序井然的狀態(tài)中的意思
Ourguideledusthroughaseriesofcaves.
我們的向?qū)ьI(lǐng)著我們穿過一個(gè)接一個(gè)的洞穴。
steer(抽象名詞steerage“操縱”，具體名詞steersman“舵手”)一般表示“駕駛”、“掌舵”，但常用于比喻，詞義引伸后有“操縱”、“指導(dǎo)”的意思。尤其適用于表示“指導(dǎo)著度過難關(guān)”的意義
TheCuttySarkrolledfromsidetosideanditbecameimpossibletosteerher.
卡蒂薩克號(hào)向兩側(cè)搖晃著，駕駛這只船是不可能的了。
Soonthecountrywillbesteeredtopeaceandprosperity.
這個(gè)國(guó)家很快便會(huì)被帶入和平與繁榮之境。
詞組：
1）passon
傳遞；前進(jìn)，傳下來；傳給（后代），離去；往前
Letusnowpassontothenextsubject.
現(xiàn)在讓我們看看下一個(gè)題目。
2）putforward
提出：提議以供考慮：
putforwardanewplan.
提出一個(gè)新計(jì)劃
3）comeacross
偶然遇到或找到：
cameacrossmyoldcollegeroommateintowntoday.
今天在鎮(zhèn)上遇到我大學(xué)的老同學(xué)
給予印象：
“Hecomesacrossasaverysincere,religiousindividual”(WilliamL.Clay)
“他給人的印象是一個(gè)很虔誠(chéng)的、篤實(shí)的人”(威廉L.克萊)
4）notonly….butalso
一、主要用法：
1、連接主語(yǔ)：
NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMaryarefoundofwatchingtelevision.
不僅我，而且湯姆和瑪麗都喜歡看電視。
由于notonlyAbutalsoB句式的重點(diǎn)在B上，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般要與B保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。
2、連接謂語(yǔ)：
TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalsosharealargenumberofsocialcustoms.
英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人不但語(yǔ)言相同，而且有很多相同的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。
注意notonly…butalso連接的動(dòng)詞一般不重復(fù)，這與漢語(yǔ)不同。如漢語(yǔ)說“我不僅懂英語(yǔ)，而且懂俄語(yǔ)”，英語(yǔ)則說“IknownotonlyEnglishbutalsoRussian”，而不說“InotonlyknowEnglishbutalsoknowRussian”.再如：“氣體不僅改變形狀，而且改變體積”，英譯為“Agaschangesnotonlyinshapebutalsoinvolume.”（注意介詞常重復(fù)）
3、連接賓語(yǔ)：
Theproblemfortherecipientwastryingtoguessnotonlywhothesenderwas,butalsowhathissecretfeelingsmightbe.
收信人不僅要盡力猜出是誰的，還要猜測(cè)寄信人的內(nèi)心有什么想法。
4、連接表語(yǔ)：
Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbut(also)anactor.
莎士比亞不僅是一位劇作家，而且是一位演員。
5、連接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：
Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.
淺色和鮮艷的顏色不但使人看了高興，也會(huì)使人更加活潑。
6、連接狀語(yǔ)：
Ifyourfriendremindsyoukindlyofyourfaults,takewhathesaysnotmerelypleasantlybutthankfully.
如果你的朋友善意的指明你的缺點(diǎn)，你不但要欣然接受，而且要心懷感激之情。
7、連接從句：
Hedidn’tletusoffthebookuntilwehadprovednotonlythatweknowwhatanorganismwasburalsothatwehadthefortitudetostandupforthetruth.
直到我們證明了我們不僅知道什么是生物體，而且具有堅(jiān)持真理的不屈不撓的精神時(shí)，他這才放過我們。
8、連接定語(yǔ)：
Manhasbecomemasternotonlyoftheskybutalsoofthespace.
人類不僅征服了太空，而且征服了太空。
9、連接句子
Inotonlyheardit,but(also)Isawit.
我不僅聽到、而且看到了它。
Notonly…butalso連接句子時(shí)，notonly可以置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，這是第一分句要采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
Notonlyhasheafirst-classbrainbutalsoheisatremendouslyhardworker.
它不僅有著頭等的頭腦，而且工作很能吃苦。
Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrestedbuthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.
這個(gè)可憐人不僅被逮捕，而且被投進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。
Notonlydotheprofessorshavetheirownideasonthematter,butthestudentshavetheirstoo.
對(duì)這件事不僅教授們有自己的看法，學(xué)生們也有自己的想法。
10、用于itis…that強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)：
Itisnotonlythescientistandthephysicianwhoneedalongspecialtrainingnow,butthecomputerexpert,theaccountant,andthebusinessmanager.
現(xiàn)在，不僅科學(xué)家和醫(yī)生需要長(zhǎng)時(shí)期的專門訓(xùn)練，計(jì)算機(jī)專家、會(huì)計(jì)師和企業(yè)經(jīng)理也需要這種訓(xùn)練。
二、notonly…but的省略及其變體
1、notonly…butalso中的also可以省略。有人認(rèn)為該句型所連接的第二部分最高級(jí)形容詞或它所表示的范圍、程度、影響等超過第一部分時(shí)，常將also省略。例如：
Hewasnotonlyasuccessfulwriterbut(also)thegreatestpoetofhistime.
它不僅是一位成功的作家，而且還是他那個(gè)時(shí)代最偉大的詩(shī)人。
Notonlydotheysufferlesspainthanmostwomeninlabor,butthetownboastsanunusuallylowrateofinfantmortality.
這不僅使她們比大多數(shù)的婦女受痛苦，，而且是城市嬰兒死亡率大大降低。
2、notonly…butalso句型一般只可以省略also，但在連接句子時(shí)，有時(shí)也可見到省略but甚至butalso的情形。例如：
NotonlywasItired,Iwasalsocold.
我不光困倦，還感到很冷。（省去了but）
Sincemoistureisneededforrain,dryairinthemorningnotonlyallowsthespidertogetanearlystart,isalsomeansadryday.
有了濕度才會(huì)下雨，因此，早晨空氣干燥不僅使蜘蛛早點(diǎn)開始結(jié)網(wǎng)，而且意味著這一天不會(huì)下雨。(省去了but)
Notonlyhasshebeenanexcellentwife,shehasbeenabetterhusbandthanI’llneverbe.
她不僅是一個(gè)極其出色的妻子，而且是一個(gè)我永遠(yuǎn)也做不到的好丈夫。(省去了butalso)
3、notonly…butalso的形式比較固定，但也會(huì)出現(xiàn)but與also被分開的情形。例如：Notonlythemotherbutthechildrenarealsosick.
Notonlyishisrightlungaffectedbuthisleftlungisalso.
4、notonlyAbutalsoB的替代式常見的還有notonlyabutB…aswell,notonlyAbutBtoo,notmerelyAbutalsoB,notjustAbutalsoB,not…alone...but等。例如：
Injurisprudenceitisawell-knownprinciplethatjusticeshouldnotmerelybedonebutshouldalsobeseentobedone.
在法理學(xué)方面，人所共知的原則是：對(duì)受害者不僅應(yīng)該公正對(duì)待，而且應(yīng)當(dāng)讓人們看到他得到了公正的對(duì)待。
Notpoetsalone,norartists,northatsuperiororderofmindwhicharrogatestoitselfallrefinement,feelthis,butdogsandallmen.
不僅使人，藝術(shù)家以及那些自命不凡、思想杰出的人覺得如此，連狗和普通人也有同感。
三、其他注意事項(xiàng)：
1、“notonlyAbutalsoB”結(jié)構(gòu)中的A和B通常是同等成分。由于同一成分常常由同一詞類的詞來?yè)?dān)任，所以A與B常常也是同一詞性，但是，也有A與B屬于不同詞性的情形。例如：“Heisnotonlyveryclever,butalsoaveryhardworker,andhelikestodoeverythingwell.”（他不但聰明，而且能下功夫。他喜歡把每件事都做得很好。）其中A是形容詞，B是名詞，但兩者均在句中作表語(yǔ)，因此仍是正確的句子。然而，在“Henotonlyplaysthepiano,butalsotheviolin.”一句中，A是動(dòng)詞，B是名詞，不是同一成分，因此語(yǔ)法學(xué)家認(rèn)為此句有點(diǎn)欠妥，至少在書面語(yǔ)中就是如此。如改為“Heplaysnotonlythepiano,butalsotheviolin.”就無懈可擊了，再看下面的例子：
ThesurprisegrantnotonlyenabledDadtofinishAT,buttograduatefirstinhisclass.
這筆意外的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金不僅是我的父親能讀完農(nóng)業(yè)和技術(shù)學(xué)院，而且畢業(yè)成績(jī)名列榜首。
2、有人認(rèn)為，notonly…butalso不能用于否定句。漢語(yǔ)中用于否定句中的“不但…而且”在英語(yǔ)中要用aswellas表示。如“不但我不想看戲，而且他也不想看戲”可譯作“He,aswellasI,doesn’twanttoseetheplay.”不過，這條規(guī)則也有例外，請(qǐng)看下面的例子:
Notonlydon’tIknowthepopulationofNepal,Idon’tknowwhereingod’sworlditis!
我不但不知道尼泊爾人口，而且連它究竟在哪里也不知道！
這個(gè)例句有幾個(gè)共同點(diǎn)：都是連接否定分句，都是倒裝句，都沒有用butalso。下面一例出自一位美國(guó)作家之手，所不同的是notonly…but連接的是并列謂語(yǔ)，第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞是不定的，第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞則是肯定的：
Nonetheless,ashedescribedMary’sattitudesheraccomplishments,hefoundhimselfwishingthatshecaredmoreaboutthepolicesideofhislifethansheseemedto,thatshemightunderstanditasintimately,say,asthewomanoppositehim.ButthismotionseemedtohimsodisloyaltoMarythathenotonlydidnotarticulateit,butatoncetriedtosuppressit.
Notes
1Uponreachingthetopofthemountain,afeelingofhappinessandasenseofachievementwillbeexperienced.
Theprepositionuponheremeansatorimmediatelyafterthetimeoroccasionof.Theprepositiononcanalsobeusedtoexpressthesamemeaning.
Upon/OnhisarrivalinParis,thefamousfilmstarwasrecognizedandsurroundedbyhisfans.
Upon/Onhearingofthedeathofhisparents,hecriedforhours.
2Specialglovesarealsowornsothatpeopleandobjectsinthefilmcanbetouched.
Heresothatmeanswiththeaimthat,whichisusedtointroduceaclauseshowingapurpose.
Sheworkedhardsothateverythingwouldbereadyby6oclock.
Sothatcanalsomeanwiththeresultthat,whichisusedtointroduceaclause
showingaresult.
Nothingmorewasheardfromhimsothatwebegantowonderifhehadleft.
3ToaddtothevirtualworldofRealCine,smellsaregivenoutthroughsmallopeningsintheheadsets.
Hereaddtomeanstoincrease.
TheWestLakeaddstothebeautyofthecityofHangzhou.
Thisphrasecanalsobeusedlikeadd...to...
Ifyouaddtwelvetoeighty-five,yougetninety-seven.
4InscientificstudiesithasbeenshownthatVRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldandmakethemworkhardertomaketheirdreamscometrue.
HereitreferstothesubjectclausethatVRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldand...
Whenthesubjectisaclause,anemptysubjectitisoftenused,andtheorderofthesentenceisnormallychanged.
Compareeachpairofsentencesasfollows:
Whatshelookslikedoesntmatter.Itdoesntmatterwhatshelookslike.
Thatincometaxshouldbeabolishedhasactuallybeensuggested.
Ithasactuallybeensuggestedthatincometaxshouldbeabolished.
5AnargumenthasbeenputforwardthatsomeviewerswillbedisappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.
Herethatisusedtointroduceanappositiveclausesomeviewerswillbe
disappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.Thisclausereferstoanargumentandthatcannotbeomitted.
Yourbeliefthatthingswillimproveistoooptimistic.
Yoursuggestionthatweshouldpaymoreattentiontoourtablemannersisagoodone.

……
語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)津
PassiveVoice
英文動(dòng)詞有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)ActiveVoice和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)PassiveVoice之分。如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的「發(fā)出者」，動(dòng)詞就用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；如果主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的「承受者」，動(dòng)詞就用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
例如：
1.JohnencouragedMary.﹝約翰鼓勵(lì)瑪莉。﹞
2.MarywasencouragedbyJohn.﹝瑪莉受到約翰鼓勵(lì)。﹞
※第一句的動(dòng)詞"encouraged"是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；第二句的動(dòng)詞
"wasencouraged"是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形態(tài)是：
助動(dòng)詞BE+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(-ed分詞)
動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)通常有六種時(shí)、體形式：即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行體、過去進(jìn)行體、現(xiàn)在完成體和過去完成體。
1．SimplePresentTense
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Iteachhim.
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Heistaughtbyme.
2．SimplePastTense
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Itaughthimyesterday.
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hewastaughtbymeyesterday.

3．PresentContinuousTense
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Iamteachinghim.
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Heisbeingtaughtbyme.
4．PastContinuousTense
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Iwasteachinghimwhenyoucame.
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hewasbeingtaughtbymewhenyoucame.

5．PresentPerfectTense
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Ihavetaughthim.
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hehasbeentaughtbyme.
6．PastPerfectTense
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Ihadtaughthimbeforeyoucame.
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hehadbeentaughtbymebeforeyoucame.
一般將來時(shí)SimpleFutureTense也常常有這種被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式
主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Ishallteachhimtomorrow.
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：Hewillbetaughtbymetomorrow.
動(dòng)詞由主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的步驟：
1.先找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；
2.再找出謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)；
3.把賓語(yǔ)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)；
4.注意人稱、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。
例：1.　Brucewritesalettereveryweek.
→AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.
2.　LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning.
→ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning.
3.Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar.
→Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar.
4.Theywillplanttentreestomorrow.
→Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.
5.Lucyiswritingaletternow.
→AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow.
6.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.
→thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave.
三、使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題：
1.不及物動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
Whatwillhappenin100years.
Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.
2.有些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。
Thispenwriteswell.
Thisnewbooksellswell.
3.感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞使用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不帶to，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，須加上to。
例：makesomebodydosomething
→somebody+be+madetodosomething
seesomebodydosomething
→somebody+be+seentodosomething
Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.
→Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.
Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.
→Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.
4.如果是接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，直接賓語(yǔ)(物)作主語(yǔ)，那么動(dòng)詞后要用介詞，這個(gè)介詞是由與其搭配的動(dòng)詞決定。
Hegavemeabook.
→Abookwasgiventomebyhim.
Heshowedmeaticket.
→Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.
Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.
→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.
5.一些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個(gè)整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。
Wecan’tlaughhim.
→Hecan’tbelaughbyus.
Helistenstotheradioeveryday.
→Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.
Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.
→Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.
只要你掌握了以上一些方法，
使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的一般因由
1.不易說出動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的「發(fā)出者」
例如：
Thisbuildingwascompletedin1980.
*由誰建成，不易說出。
2.不便說出動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的「發(fā)出者」
例如：
ThemeetinghasbeenpostponedtillFriday.
3.動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的「承受者」比「發(fā)出者」更需強(qiáng)調(diào)
例如：
Apressconferencewasheldlastnight.
4.為了修辭
例如：
Theteacherlovesthestudentsandislovedbythem.
態(tài)：Abookwasgivenhimbyme.
含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：Modalverbsandthepassivevoice
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞
Studentswilllearnhowtousemodalverbsinthepassivevoicetoexpressability,possibility,duty,permission,etc.Theyarealsoexpectedtolearntousemodalverbsinthepassivevoiceinthepresentandthepasttenses.
Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.
Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.
Thedoormaybelockedinside.
Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.
Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice
Herestudentswilllearnsomeoftheverbsthatareoftenusedinthepassivevoice.Andtheyshouldknowthattheseverbsfunctionasadjectives.
Theteachermaybeginthispartbyaskingstudentstocompletesomesentencesbychoosingoneofthetwowordsgiven.Thewordsinboldarethecorrectanswers.Forexample,
1.Thechildrenaregettingaboutthecomingholiday.(exciting;excited)
2.Dontyougetofarguingaboutthesamethingallthetime?(tiring;tired)
3.JoanisntverygoodatPhysics,soeveryonewaswhenshepassedtheexam.(surprising;surprised)
4.AllofuswereverylastSaturdaybecauseourteamlostthegame.(disappointing;disappointed)
5.Itwassnowinglastnight.Soeverythingiswithsnowthismorning.(covering;covered)
6.Myparentsarequitewithmytestresults.(pleasing;pleased)
7.Bothofthemarewiththearrangement.(satisfying;satisfied)
Askstudentswhytheychoosetheverb-edformsbutnotverb-ingforms.
注：黑體字為答案。
自主演練
A．單項(xiàng)填空
1、It’ssaidthataboutaquarterof_______Europeancanspeak_________foreignlanguagebesidestheirnativelanguage.
Athe;aBan;theCthe;theD不填；不填
2、Ilike________intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.
AthisBeitherCitDone
3、DoyoureallybelievethatMr.Whitehasblamedusfortheaccident,especially________?
AyouandmeBIandyouCyouandIDyouandme
4、AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,__________.
Athemoreforlifeareyouequipped
Bthemoreequippedforlifeyouare
Cthemorelifeyouareequippedfor
Dyouareequippedthemoreforlife
5、Americaneat______astheyactuallyneedeveryday.
AtwiceasmuchproteinBtwiceproteinasmuchtwice
CtwiceproteinasmuchDproteinastwicemuch
6、JasonhasbeenpreparingcarefullyforhisEnglishexaminationsothathecouldbesureofpassingitathisfirst_________.
ApurposeBdesireCattemptDintention
7、JohnandI________friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe________eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.
Ahadbeen;havebeenBhavebeen;havebeen
Chadbeen;hadseenDhavebeen;hadseen
8、I________whilereadingtheEnglishtextbook.Luckily,myroommatewokemeupintime.
AhadfallenasleepBhavefallenasleepCfellasleepDfallasleep
9、Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy_________goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.
AhadconsideredBhasbeenconsidering
CconsideredDisgoingtoconsider
10、ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics________by2006.
AhasbeencompletedBhascompleted
CwillhavebeencompletedDwillhavecompleted
11、Thefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945,andtheirpower________increasedenormouslyeversince.
AisBwasChasbeenDhadbeen
12、Morepatients________inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.
AtreatedBhavetreatedChadbeentreatedDhavebeentreated
13、Susandecidednottoworkontheprogramathomebecauseshedidn’twantherparentstoknowwhatshe_________.
AhasdoneBhaddoneCwasdoingDisdoing
14、Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,which_________thePacific,andwemetnostorms.
AwascalledBiscalledChadbeencalledDhasbeencalled
15、________inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.
ATowaitBHavewaitedCHavingwaitedDTohavewaited
16、ItissaidthatBarbara’ssisterfelloffherbicycleonherwaytoschool,_________intheleftleg.
AseriouslydamagingBhurtingbadly
CbreakingseriouslyDbadlyhurt
17、Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I_______somuchfriedchickenjustnow.
Ashouldn’teatBmustn’thaveeaten
Cshouldn’thaveeatenDmustn’teat
18、Itseemsasifthesun________roundtheearthsinceitrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.
AcirclesBiscirclingChasbeencirclingDwerecircling
19、Theymusthavebeenenjoyingthemselvesthere,otherwisethey_________solong.
Acan’thavestayedBwouldn’thavestayed
Cneedn’thavestayedDcouldn’tstay
20、Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace________,justasthesamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.
AwhichBwhereCthereDwhat
B．短文填空
Theyearis2094.Ithasbeenannouncedthatacomet（彗星）isheadingtowardstheEarth.Mostofitwillmissourplanet,buttwopieceswillprobablythesouthernhalfoftheEarth.
______17July,apiecefourkilometerswideenterstheEarth’s（大氣層）withamassiveexplosion.Abouthalfofthepieceisdestroyed,buttheparthitstheSouthAtlanticat200timestheofsound.Theseaboilsandahugeholeismadeintheseabed.Hugewavesarecreatedandspreadfromthehole.Thewallofwater,akilometerhigh,rushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour.CitiesontheAfricanaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeopleare_______.
BeforethewavesreachSouthAmerica,thesecondpieceofthecometinArgentina.EarthquakesandvolcanoesareoffintheAndesMountains.TheshockmovenorthintoCaliforniaandallaroundthePacificOcean.ThecitiesofLosAngeles,SanFranciscoandTokyoarecompletelybyearthquakes.Millionsofpeopleinthesouthernhalfoftheeartharealreadydead,thenorthwon’tforlong.Becauseoftheexplosions,thesunishiddenbycloudsofdust,temperaturesaroundtheworldtoalmostzero.Cropsareruined.Thesunwon’tbeseenagainformanyyears.WarsbreakoutascountriesfightforAyearlater,nomorethan10millionpeopleremain.
Coulditreallyhappen?Infact,ithasalreadyhappenedmorethanonceinthehistoryoftheEarth.Thedinosaurs（恐龍）wereontheEarthforover160millionyears.Then65millionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeared.ManyscientistsbelievethattheEarthwashitbyapieceofobjectin.Thedinosaurscouldn’tlive
________thecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheydiedout.Willwemeetthesameend
C．詞匯題
1、Acourier______theparcelsexpectedforalongtimetoouroffice.
AtookBaddressedCdeliveredDgave
2、Weweremostimpressed________yourefficiency.
AinBonCwithDupon
3、ThePrimeMinisterofGreatBritain________thathewouldresign.
AannouncedBpredictedCreportedDcircularized
4、Thethiefwhowasontheredcoat________hertohandoverthemoney.
AletBforcedCforbadeDfraud
5、Thereisan_______filmaboutahighlygiftedchildwhosepictureoftenappearedinthenewspaper.
AspecialBunusualCadditionalDextraordinary
6、------I’msorryIsteppedoutsideforasmoke.Iwasverytired.
-------Thereisno_______forthiswhileyouareonduty.
AreasonBexcuseCcauseDexplanation
7、Idecidedtoputyourname_______forbasketballclubsecretary.
AonBinCforwardDthrough
8、Passthebook________tomewhenyou’vefinishedwithit.
AoutBbyConDover
9、Oneoftheconsequencesofourplanet’sbeingwarmingupisa(n)________inthenumberofnaturaldisasters.
AresultBaccountCreasonDincrease
10、Nomatterwhatyoudo,youshouldputyour________intoit.
AmindBheartCbrainDthought
11、Thereareusuallyatleasttwo________oflookingateveryquestion.
AmeansBdirectionsCviewsDways
12、Mychest________whenImakeadeepbreath,doctor.
AharmsBwoundsChurtsDinjuries
13、Iwrotehimalettertoshowmy_________ofhisthoughtfulness.
AachievementBagreementCattentionDappreciation
14、Oneoftheadvantagesoflivingonthetopfloorofahigh-riseisthatyoucangetagood________.
AsightBsceneCattentionDappreciation
15、Wehave_______themeetingforwardbyoneweekaccordingtotheheadmaster’srequirement.
AputBlookCmoveDlet
D．改錯(cuò)題
WeallknowthepyramidsinEgyptandmostof1.______
usdon’tknowthepeopleinMexicointheoldtimealso2.______
builtpyramids.Theydidn’tbuildthemtotombs.The　3.______
pyramidsinMexicoaren’tashighasthatinEgypt,but4.______
theyarebig.Eachonepyramidhasawidestairway5.______
uptothetop.Thereisnothinginsidethepyramids,　6.______
onlyearthandstones.Scientiststhinkittakesone　7.______
thousandmenmorethantenyearsbuildthebiggestone.8.______
Howdidhepeoplebuildthepyramids?Scientistshad9.______
Studiedforyears,butnoonecansaywhattheydidit.10.______
E.單句翻譯
1.好的傳統(tǒng)應(yīng)該一代一代往下傳。(passon)

2.他的父親強(qiáng)迫他戒煙。(forcesb.todosth.)

3.這個(gè)有著非凡的舞蹈天賦的女孩是我們的班長(zhǎng)。(extraordinary)

4.他想通過付額外的薪水來使他的員工留下印象。(impress)

5.如果我有一個(gè)生日舞會(huì)，我會(huì)立刻通知我的朋友。(announce)

6.他今天沒來上學(xué)的原因是他媽媽病了。(thereason……isthat….)

7.我準(zhǔn)備遞送這只鉆戒，因?yàn)槲抑牢覠o論給誰他都會(huì)喜歡。(deliver)

8.我們應(yīng)該提出一個(gè)有效的方法來改善我們的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)。(putforward…)

9.每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該通過自己的行為為下一代樹立榜樣。(setup)

10.他帶領(lǐng)我們從一個(gè)勝利走向另一個(gè)勝利。(guide)

F.書面表達(dá)
某英文報(bào)“讀者來信”專欄正在就高三學(xué)生家長(zhǎng)是否應(yīng)該為孩子購(gòu)置電腦這一話題開展討論。有贊同的，也有反對(duì)的。請(qǐng)你向該報(bào)編輯寫一封英文信，發(fā)表你的觀點(diǎn)。
信的開頭已寫好，你只需接著寫。
注意：
1．下面的提示可能會(huì)幫助你構(gòu)思：
A.moreinformation?
improveEnglish?
learningsoftware(學(xué)習(xí)軟件)?
enjoyoneself?
….
B.computergames
short-sighted
wasteofmoney
failtheexams
…
2．你不必根據(jù)上面的提示逐條進(jìn)行寫作，可自由發(fā)揮。
3．詞數(shù)：70以上。
Deareditor,
ImastudentofSeniorThree.Ithinkmyparentsshouldbuymeacomputernow.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

多彩世界
訓(xùn)練學(xué)生思維，體現(xiàn)創(chuàng)新精神，輸入新材料，提高閱讀欣賞能力，豐富和超越教材目標(biāo)。
A.提供或設(shè)計(jì)與單元話題相關(guān)的情景材料，進(jìn)行說寫訓(xùn)練。
Situation1:…
EuropeanShuttlePrototypeLandsSafely
導(dǎo)讀：歐洲航空防務(wù)與空間公司“鳳凰號(hào)”航天飛機(jī)模型在瑞典成功試飛。
Sun,May09,2004
STOCKHOLM,Sweden(瑞典首都-斯德哥爾摩)-AnunmannedprototypeofaEuropeanspaceshuttleglidedsafelybacktoEarthonSaturdayafterbeingdroppedfromnearly8,000feetupbyahelicopter.
GuidedbyGlobalPositioningSystemsatellites(全球定位衛(wèi)星),theGerman-designedEADS(歐洲航空防務(wù)與空間公司)Phoenixwasdroppedbyaheavy-dutyhelicopteroverSwedenat9:45a.m.and"landedperfectly"90secondslateronatestrunwaynorthofStockholm,aprojectspokeswomansaid.
"Everyonehereisecstatic,"saidJohannaBergstroem-Roos,oftheNorthEuropeanAerospaceTestRangeinKiruna,770milesnorthofStockholm.
"Thisgivesuswindinoursails."
ThePhoenixshuttle,alongwiththeAriane5rocket,representstheEuropeanSpaceAgencyshopeforsendingastronautsintospace,butprojectmanagersconcedeafull-sizeversionwillnotbereadyuntilsometimebetweenand2020.
ThetestflightwasoriginallyplannedforFridaybutwaspostponedsotechnicianscouldfinishanalyzingdatafromanearliertestofthevehiclesonboardcomputersthisweek.
Thenextsteplikelywillbetodroptheprototypefromhigheraltitudes,withthehelpofahigh-altitudeballoon,Bergstroem-Roossaid.Thefinishedshuttlemustbecapableofglidingtolandfromanaltitudeof80miles,shesaid.
Situation2:…Asmotorwaysbecomemoreandmorecloggedupwithtraffic,anewgenerationofflyingcarswillbeneededtoferrypeoplealongskyways.
ThatistheverdictofengineersfromtheUSspaceagencyandaeronauticalfirms,whoenvisionfuturecommuterstravellingby"skycar".
Thesecouldlookmuchliketheconceptskycarshowninthepicture,designedbyBoeingresearchanddevelopment.
However,suchvehiclescouldbesome25yearsfromappearingonthemarket.
Effortstobuildflyingvehiclesinthepasthavenotbeenverysuccessful.
Suchvehicleswouldnotonlybeexpensiveandrequiretheskillsofatrainedpilottofly,buttherearesignificantengineeringchallengesinvolvedindevelopingthem.
"Whenyoutrytocombinethemyougettheworstofbothworlds:averyheavy,slow,expensivevehiclethatshardtouse,"saidMarkMoore,headofthepersonalairvehicle(PAV)divisionofthevehiclesystemsprogramatNasasLangleyResearchCenterinHampton,US.
ButBoeingisalsoconsideringhowtopolicetheairways-andpreventtotalpandemonium-ifthousandsofflyingcarsentertheskies.
"Theneat,gee-whizpartisthinkingaboutwhatwouldthevehicleitselflooklike,"saidDickPaul,avicepresidentwithPhantomWorks,Boeingsresearchanddevelopmentarm.
"Butweretryingtothinkthroughalltheramificationsofwhatwouldittaketodeployafleetofthese."
Pastproposalstosolvethisproblemhaveincludedartificialintelligencesystemstopreventcollisionsbetweenairtraffic.
Nasaisworkingonflyingvehicleswiththeinitialgoaloftransformingsmallplanetravel.
Smallplanesaregenerallycostly,loud,requiremonthsoftrainingandlotsofmoneytooperate,makingflyingtoworkimpracticalformostpeople.
Butwithinfiveyears,Nasaresearchershopetodeveloptechnologyforasmallplanethatcanflyoutofregionalairports,costslessthan0,000(￡55,725),isasquietasamotorcycleandassimpletooperateasacar.
Althoughitwouldnothaveanyroad-drivingcapabilities,itwouldbringthisformoftravelwithinthegraspofawidersectionofpeople.Technologywouldautomatemanyofthepilotsfunctions.
ThisSmallAircraftTransportationSystem(Sats)woulddivertpressureawayfromthe"hub-and-spoke"modelofairtravel.
Hub-and-spokereferstothetypicallyUSmodelofpassengersbeingprocessedthroughlarge"hub"airportsandthenontosecondaryflightsto"spoke"airportsneartheirfinaldestination.由于高速公路上的交通堵塞情況越來越嚴(yán)重，一種能夠載人穿梭在“空中高速路”上的新一代“飛車”將成為需要。
這就是美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局和一些航空公司的工程師們的意見，他們預(yù)測(cè)未來人類將會(huì)乘坐“飛車”旅行。
這些車可能會(huì)和圖片中見到的波音公司研發(fā)中心設(shè)計(jì)的概念飛車很相像。
然而，這樣的交通工具可能需要25年左右的時(shí)間才能投放市場(chǎng)。
人類在過去制造飛車的努力一直都不是很成功。
這樣的交通工具汽車耗資不菲，而且要求駕駛者具備像訓(xùn)練有素的飛行員一樣的駕駛技巧；不僅如此，在研制過程中還面臨工程學(xué)方面的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。
馬克摩爾是美國(guó)國(guó)家航空航天局蘭利研究中心（位于漢普頓）汽車系統(tǒng)項(xiàng)目組“個(gè)人空中交通工具（PAV）”小組的負(fù)責(zé)人，他說：“當(dāng)你試圖將各個(gè)方面組合起來時(shí)，得到的是一輛最糟糕的車：非常笨重，速度又慢，價(jià)格還高，總之駕駛起來很不方便?！?br> 但波音公司同時(shí)也在考慮，在上千輛“飛車”進(jìn)入空中的情況下如何對(duì)空中通道進(jìn)行管理，防止交通陷入徹底的混亂。
波音公司研發(fā)部門“幻影工程隊(duì)”的副總裁迪克保羅說：“最關(guān)鍵和最精彩的是設(shè)計(jì)出這種交通工具本身，但是我們也在全力考慮當(dāng)這樣一支車隊(duì)投入運(yùn)行后可能出現(xiàn)的所有情況?！?br> 關(guān)于如何解決這個(gè)問題，以往就有一些建議，包括使用人工智能系統(tǒng)來防止空中交通工具之間發(fā)生碰撞。
B.一篇閱讀文章。
GauriNandaseesawearablecomputerasa...handbag--onethatsbuiltoutoffour-inchsquaresandtrianglesoffabric,withtinycomputerchipsembeddedinit.
AssembledtogetherwithVelcrothatconductselectricity,thesepiecesformabagthatlooks,feels,andweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpurse.
Thatswherethesimilaritiesend:Thisbagcanwirelesslykeeptabsonyourbelongingsandremindyou,justasyoureabouttoleavethehouse,totakeyourwallet.Itcanreviewtheweatherreportandsuggestthatyougrabanumbrella--oryoursunshades.Thispursecanevenuploadyourfavoritesongsontoyourscarf.
Sure,acomputingpurseandscarfsetmayseemlikethestuffofsciencefiction.Butthesedevices,partofnextgenerationofwearablecomputers,couldbecomecommonplacewithinafewyears.Unitshipmentsofsuchwearablecomputers--purses,watches,shirts--shouldrisefrom261,000lastyearto1.39millionin2008,accordingtothetechresearchfirmIDC.
Poweringthismarketareadvancementsindesignandinfabric-embeddedelectronics.Overthelasttwoyears,DuPont(DD)creatednewfiberscalledAracon,madeofKevlar,thataresuperstrong,canconductelectricity,andcanbewovenintoordinary-lookingclothes.AndchipmakerInfineon(IFX)developedchippackagingallowingwearablecomputerstobewashed,evenintheheavy-dutycycle.
Asaresult,thesenewwearablesareafarcryfromtheclunkyanddownrightsillyversionsoftherecentpast,whichoftenrequireduserstobewrappedinwires,typeontheirstomachs,andsportanunseemlydisplayontheirforeheads."Cyborgcomputingwasveryclunky,verybulkymachinesthatpeopledidntwanttocarryaround,"saysNanda,aresearcherattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinCambridge,Mass."Ourbagsfeelandlooklikebags."
Unliketheirpredecessors,thesenewwearablecomputersalsomakeeconomicsense.Whenherbagbecomescommerciallyavailableintwotothreeyears,Nandaexpectsitwillcostaround0,whichisthepriceofanaverageleatherpurse.Only"itsfun,youcanripapartandputtogetheracomputer,"shesays.
Hereshowthebagworks:Youplaceaspecialradio-signal-transmittingchipontoyourwallet.Asimilarradioinyourpursepicksupthesignalandnotifiesyouthatyouveforgottentotakeyourwallet.Inturn,sensorsonyourpurseshandleswillnotifythecomputerthatyouvepickedupthepurseandarereadytogo.
Suchunobtrusive,inconspicuous,andfundevicesshouldgrabmorethan80%ofthetotalwearablecomputingmarketby2008,whilecyborgianwearablePCswillremainaniche,saysIDCanalystKevinBurden.Already,thesenewkindsofwearablesarebeingadoptedforuseinmarketslikeautorepair,emergencyservices,medicalmonitoring--andeven,increasingly,forconsumersatlarge.
Wearablesarealsoslowlymakingtheirwayintotheauto-repairmarket.AcompanycalledMicrovision(MVIS)recentlyintroduceditsNomadhead-mounteddisplay.Itcoversoneeye,butitssee-through,allowingautotechnicianstoexaminetheinnardsofacarandcheckthemagainston-screencomputerdrawingsatthesametime.Itcomesasabaseballcapclip-on,tobemoreunobtrusive.
Sofar,itsahit:AtJimFisherVolvodealershipinPortland,Ore.,whichhasbeentestingthesystemforaboutsevenmonths,productivityoftechnicianswentup10%to20%,saysServiceManagerJohnProsser.Betteryet,customerstalkingtotechnicianswhoarewearingthesecontraptionsalsoaremorelikelytoagreetorepairs,pushingrevenueup15%to18%.SaysProsser:"Thismakes[technicians]wanttogetinvolvedandtocrossthisbridgeofreluctance"inusinganewtechnology.
Indeed,manymorepeoplewillwanttocrossthatbridgeinthecomingyears--makingforaboomingmarketforwearablecomputersthatdontlooklikesomethingoutofanoldStarTrekepisode.
最新型的可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品在外觀方面與普通衣物幾乎沒有什么兩樣，而售價(jià)的降低和功能的豐富也許會(huì)使它成為未來人類不可或缺的工具之一。
Thelatestgenerationoftheseever-smartergarmentslooklikeordinaryclothes,assembledtogetherwithVelcrothatconductselectricity,thesepiecesformabagthatlooks,feels,andweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpurse.
你能否想象一臺(tái)僅僅4英寸大小的電腦？用戶可以方便地隨身攜帶，重量與一件普通的皮夾克差不多。它，就是“可穿著式電腦”。最新型的可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品在外觀方面與普通衣物幾乎沒有什么兩樣，而售價(jià)的降低和功能的豐富也許會(huì)使它成為未來人類不可或缺的工具之一。
據(jù)美國(guó)《商業(yè)周刊》3月8日?qǐng)?bào)道，這種“小家伙”可以幫助用戶通過無線方式與主人的其他財(cái)物保持聯(lián)系，并隨時(shí)隨地提醒用戶一些生活細(xì)節(jié)。當(dāng)用戶離開房間的時(shí)候，它會(huì)乖巧地提醒主人不要忘記攜帶錢包；在主人出行時(shí)，它會(huì)自動(dòng)查詢天氣預(yù)報(bào)，幫助主人做到未雨綢繆；它甚至還可以在主人穿著的圍脖中加入喜歡的歌曲。
的確，這些高科技的電腦更多情況下只能出現(xiàn)在科幻小說的情節(jié)當(dāng)中。不過，根據(jù)市場(chǎng)調(diào)查機(jī)構(gòu)IDC提供的預(yù)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，下一代“可穿著式電腦”產(chǎn)品在未來幾年中將成為市場(chǎng)上的常見商品。IDC預(yù)測(cè)，這種高科技產(chǎn)品的銷量，包括電腦錢包、電腦手表、電腦T恤，將從去年的26萬臺(tái)提高到2008年的139萬臺(tái)。
高科技電腦產(chǎn)品的背后都有著堅(jiān)實(shí)的技術(shù)支柱。過去兩年中，美國(guó)杜邦公司發(fā)明了一種新型的纖維材質(zhì)，名為Aracon。這種材料具有超高強(qiáng)度并可導(dǎo)電，最重要的是，它可以被任意地折疊并制作成衣服。芯片制造商英飛凌（Infineon）公司也開發(fā)了一款專門用于可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品的芯片包，這種芯片包可以在衣物電腦被水洗的過程中保護(hù)芯片的安全。
與上一代昂貴的可穿著電腦不同，新型產(chǎn)品在售價(jià)方面更加廉價(jià)。IDC預(yù)計(jì)，在未來兩到三年內(nèi)，可穿著電腦的平均售價(jià)將降至每臺(tái)150美元。這個(gè)價(jià)格已接近普通皮夾克的售價(jià)，為產(chǎn)品的普及奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。
目前，這種產(chǎn)品已被應(yīng)用于醫(yī)療服務(wù)領(lǐng)域。美國(guó)經(jīng)營(yíng)健康產(chǎn)品的Apex公司計(jì)劃在本月晚些時(shí)候，將這種可穿著式電腦應(yīng)用于幫助用戶減肥方面，此款產(chǎn)品可隨時(shí)計(jì)算出用戶所消耗的熱量并科學(xué)地調(diào)節(jié)減肥者的膳食結(jié)構(gòu)；加州一些醫(yī)學(xué)院及制藥公司則將可穿著電腦應(yīng)用于病人實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控方面，以便讓醫(yī)生隨時(shí)觀察病人的心跳、血壓、呼吸等數(shù)據(jù)。
隨著可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品的廣泛應(yīng)用，也許再過幾年電影《星球大戰(zhàn)》中描述的那種科學(xué)世界將真正來臨。

Unit3
合作探究
mainideas
Para1theabstractoftheproposal
Para2----7howReaICineworks;
whyRealCineisbetterthanordinarycinema;
howitcanbeusedinotherways
Para8conclusionoftheproposal
自主演練
A．單項(xiàng)填空
答案及解析：
1、AtheEuropean表類指；aforeignlanguage為泛指
2、C在like/love/hateitwhen…這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，it可以解釋為形式賓語(yǔ)，但是與我們所熟悉的it作形式賓語(yǔ)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不同的是，在它之后沒有形容詞或名詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
3、A作blame的賓語(yǔ)，所以都應(yīng)當(dāng)用賓格形式。
4、B從所提供的情景themoreyoulearn，并結(jié)合所給的選項(xiàng)可以確定這是“the+比較級(jí)+陳述句，the+比較級(jí)+陳述句”的句型，表示“越……越……”。這句話的意思是：我認(rèn)為，教育是關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)的事，你學(xué)得越多，你對(duì)生活準(zhǔn)備得就越充分。
5、A倍數(shù)詞+as…as意為“是……多少倍”
6、Cpurpose目的，意圖;desire愿望，請(qǐng)求;attempt嘗試;intention意圖，意向，目的。從題意“他已經(jīng)仔細(xì)準(zhǔn)備了英語(yǔ)考試以確保一次通過考試”可以看出C是正確答案。
7、D第一空為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，與一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(foreightyears)；第二空：在一次晚會(huì)上認(rèn)識(shí)之前就見過，正是“過去的過去”的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，故選D
8、根據(jù)woke（wake的過去式）可以判斷，這里談?wù)摰呐c“現(xiàn)在”無關(guān)，因此可排除B和D兩項(xiàng)?！癐”是在讀書期間睡著的(whilereading)，而不是在之前睡著的，所以項(xiàng)也不恰當(dāng)。
9、B句意：因?yàn)長(zhǎng)ucy失業(yè)了，所以她在考慮重返校園，但她現(xiàn)在還沒有決定。根據(jù)題意說話者再說現(xiàn)在的情況，因此排除A、C、D三項(xiàng)，B屬現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在的事，進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)“考慮”這個(gè)動(dòng)作的“未完成性”，所以是最佳答案。
10、C句意：北京市市長(zhǎng)說所有北京奧林匹克建筑將于2006年完成。此題考查英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)，很顯然本題應(yīng)改用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，因此排除B、D；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by2006，應(yīng)選擇將來完成時(shí)，因此選C
11、C根據(jù)evensince(從那時(shí)，一直到現(xiàn)在），所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，排除A、B、D項(xiàng)。
12、D病人被治療，又有時(shí)間thisyear，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
13、C整個(gè)句子是基于過去時(shí)態(tài)，A和D兩項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)顯然不對(duì)。再由句意“Susan決定不在家里，因?yàn)樗幌胱尭改钢浪谧鍪裁础笨芍€沒有做完，故C項(xiàng)正確，進(jìn)行體有未完成性、暫時(shí)性的特點(diǎn)。
14、B現(xiàn)在“thisopensea”仍然被稱作“thePacific”，屬于客觀事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
15、C本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。先排除B項(xiàng)，因?yàn)锽項(xiàng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，不可作狀語(yǔ)；A、D兩項(xiàng)為不定式形式放在句首時(shí)常作目的狀語(yǔ)，這顯然與本題邏輯上不符。
16、D句意：據(jù)說Barbara的姐姐在上學(xué)的路上從自行車上摔了下來，左腿上的很重。首先排除A、C項(xiàng)，因不符合習(xí)慣用法。Hurt為及物動(dòng)詞，故應(yīng)選D這個(gè)過去分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。
17、Cjustnow是表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在表示過去發(fā)生的事時(shí)，必須用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+should+過去分詞”的形式。所以只能在選項(xiàng)B或C中確定答案。mustn’thaveeaten是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)椤癿ust+動(dòng)詞”表示“禁止”，不表示判斷或推斷。這句話的意思是：哦，我覺得胃不舒服，我剛剛不該吃那么多炸雞。
18、Dasif從句所談的情況與實(shí)際情況相反使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
19、BTheymusthavebeenenjoyingthemselvesthere表示對(duì)過去的確有的把握的推測(cè)，他們一定在那玩的很高興。后面是：否則他們就不會(huì)待那么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。wouldn’thavestayed這里表示于過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬。
20、B本題中，justasthenamesuggests是一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)，去掉它，重新組合本句：Afastfoodrestaurantistheplacewhereeatingisperformedquickly.其中eating是動(dòng)名詞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，因此答案只能選B，作狀語(yǔ)。全句意思為：顧名思義，快餐店是一個(gè)就餐快的地方。
B．短文填空
hit,On,atmosphere,remaining,speed,outwards,coast,drowned,lands,set,waves,destroyed,but,escape,hidden,fall,food,alive,space,through
C．詞匯題
1、B.deliversthtosb/sth表示遞送；傳遞；交付；運(yùn)載。
2、C.impresssbwithsth/sb使欽佩，給…留下深刻的好印象
3、Aannounce表示宣布、宣告（決定、計(jì)劃等）
4、Bforcesbtodosth表示強(qiáng)迫某人做某事
5、Dextraordinaryadj.非常的,特別的,非凡的,特派的
6、B句意：你是當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)的，關(guān)于這件事，沒有任何借口。
7、Cputforward意為：提名
8、Cputsthontosb意為：轉(zhuǎn)交；（用后）遞給，傳給
9、D句意：我們的地球正在變暖的后果之一就是自然災(zāi)害的數(shù)量的增加。
10、Bputone’sheartinto的意思是“專心致志”
11、D看問題至少?gòu)膬蓚€(gè)方面
12、C“醫(yī)生，當(dāng)我深呼吸的時(shí)候，胸口感到疼痛?！北容^四個(gè)詞的詞義：harm損害；wound受傷；hurt刺痛；injury受傷。hurt作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，是“疼痛”的意思。
13、D比較四個(gè)詞的詞義：achievement成就；agreement贊同；attention注意，專心；appreciation感謝，欣賞。根據(jù)句意：對(duì)他的關(guān)懷表示的應(yīng)是“謝意”，故選D
14、C住在高層建筑的頂層的優(yōu)勢(shì)之一是能看到好的景色。比較四個(gè)詞的詞義：sight風(fēng)景名勝、視力；scene一個(gè)地區(qū)的自然景色或人為的環(huán)境；view多只從山上或向窗外遠(yuǎn)看的景色；look神色、外表。
15、Aputsthforward推遲；句意：根據(jù)校長(zhǎng)的要求，會(huì)議往后推遲了一個(gè)星期。
D．改錯(cuò)題
1.and→but2.time→times3.to→for　4.that→those　5.去掉one　
6.√7.takes→took　8.build前加to9.had→have　10.what→how　
E．單句翻譯
1.Goodcustomsshouldbepassedononebyonegeneration.
2.Hisfatherforcedhimtogiveupsmoking.
3.Thegirlwhohasanextraordinarydancingtalentisourmonitor.
4.Hewantedtoimpresshisemployeesbypayingthemextramoney.
5.IfIhaveabirthdayparty,Iwillannounceittomyfriendsatonce.
6.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschooltodayisthathismotherwasill.
7.ImgoingtodeliverthisdiamondringbecauseIknowwhoeverImgivingtowouldlikeit
8.WeshouldputforwardaneffectivewaytoimproveourEnglishstudy.
9.Everybodyshouldsetupanexampletothenextgenerationviahisownbehavior.
10.Heguidedusfromonesuccesstoanother.
F.書面表達(dá)
Possibleversion
Deareditor,
ImastudentofSeniorThree.Ithinkmyparentsshouldbuymeacomputernow.Asweknow,computershavebeenofgreatuseandwillbeusedmoreandmoreinourdailylife.BesidecomputersarealsohelpfulinourEnglishlearning.TherearepilesoflearningsoftwarewecanusIdontseeanythingwrongforustospendsometimeplayinggames.Afterall,weneedsomethingtoenjoyourselves.
Onemoreword,withcomputerswecangetmoreinformationandgetmoreknowledge.Dontyouagree?
Areader