小學(xué)三年英語教案
發(fā)表時間：2021-07-21高三英語教案：《互動探究·能力備考》教學(xué)設(shè)計。
Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關(guān)
1．diet n．日常飲食 vi. 節(jié)食 a diet of sth. 多得令人生厭的事物
be/go on a diet put sb. on a diet用規(guī)定的食譜，控制飲食
[即學(xué)即練1] (1)___________________________ is not good for you
.太油膩的食物對你不利。
(2)The doctors all suggest I _______________________ .醫(yī)生們都建議我節(jié)食。
Too rich a diet go on a diet
比較：diet 既可指習(xí)慣上常用的食品，又可指規(guī)定的食物，特指維持健康的定質(zhì)定量的食物；food是“食物”的一般用語，指任何能吃的且有營養(yǎng)的東西。
2．balance vt.&vi.&n.平衡 balance the good and evil of things
balanced adj. 平穩(wěn)的，安定的，和諧的 in the balance 懸而未決
the balance of forces 力量對比 out of balance 失去平衡
keep one's balance 保持平衡，保持鎮(zhèn)靜 lose one's balance 失去平衡，失去鎮(zhèn)靜
throw sb. off the balance 使某人失去平衡，使某人慌亂
權(quán)衡事物的好壞兩方面
[即學(xué)即練2](1)We must ______________ the good and evil of things.
我們必須權(quán)衡事物的好壞兩個方面。
(2)The acrobat __________________ on the high rope.
雜技演員在高處的繩子上使自己保持平衡。
(3)It is difficult to __________________________ on an icy pavement.
人行道上結(jié)了冰，要想不摔倒可不容易。
(4)How long can you _______________ on one foot?你能單腳站立多久？
Balance balanced himself keep one’s balance balance
3．lie n．謊話；謊言 vt.&vi.說謊；躺，處于(某位置)
tell a lie/lies 說謊?[反]tell the truth 說實話
a white lie 善意的謊言 a big lie 彌天大謊 There lies... 某地有……
lie to sb.向某人撒謊 lie in 在于；處于
lie down 躺下；屈服 lie on one's side/back/stomach 側(cè)臥/仰臥/俯臥
提示：易混詞形變化：
lie撒謊→lied→lied 躺→lay→lain→lying lay 放；產(chǎn)卵→laid→laid→laying
[即學(xué)即練3](1)The boy must be a spy and was __________________.
這男孩子一定是個間諜且在說謊。
(2)You are ______ and lies cannot cover up facts.你在說謊，但謊言掩蓋不了事實。
(3)He was ______ in the shade of the tree.他正躺在樹蔭下。
(4)The factory ____________ the west of the town. 工廠在鎮(zhèn)的西邊。
telling a lie lying lying lies to
(5)Don't ______ your coat on the bed.不要把你的外衣放在床上。
(6)Birds, fishes, and insects ____________________.鳥下蛋，魚和昆蟲產(chǎn)卵。
Lay lay eggs
4．consult vt.&vi. 向……咨詢；查閱
consultant n．會診醫(yī)生；顧問 consulting adj. 咨詢的；顧問的
consult sb. about sth. 向某人請教某事 consult a book (a dictionary )查書(字典)
consult with sb. 同某人商量 a consulting engineer 顧問工程師
[即學(xué)即練4](1)You'd better ______ a doctor ______ your illness.
你最好找醫(yī)生咨詢一下你的病情。
(2)Before a decision has been made, you'd better __________________.
在作決定之前，最好找你父親商量一下。
(3)When you take a geography exam, you may __________________.
參加地理考試時，你可以查閱地圖。
(4)He is ________________________ his advisor.他正同他的顧問磋商事情。
Consult about consult your father consult a map consulting with
5．limit n．界限；限度 v．限制；限定
limited adj. 有限的 limitation n. 限制；限制條件，不足之處
go beyond/over the limit 超過限度 within limits 在一定范圍內(nèi)；有限度的
within the limits of 在……的范圍內(nèi) without limit 無限(制)地
set a limit to sth. 對……規(guī)定限度 be limited to sth. 受限制于……
limit sth. to sth. 把……限定在……的范圍內(nèi)
[即學(xué)即練5](1)I've ____________________ 1 000 calories a day to try to lose weight.
我試著減肥，限定自己每天攝入1 000卡的熱量。
(2)A wise man knows his own ______________.人貴有自知之明。
(3)As we all know, a person's life is ______， but knowledge is _________________.
＝As we all know, there is ____________________ a person's life but ____________________ knowledge.
我們都知道，人的生命是有限的，而知識卻是無限的。
limited myself to limitations limited unlimited
a limit to no limit to
6．benefit n．利益，實惠；優(yōu)越性
vt.&vi.得益；使……受益 benefit sb./someplace 使某人/某地受益
benefit from/by sth. receive/gain benefit from sth.得益于某事
be of great/much benefit to sb.＝be very beneficial to sb. 對某人有好處
for the benefit of...為了幫助……；為了……的利益
[即學(xué)即練6](1)The new hospital will ________the entire community.
這所新醫(yī)院將使整個社區(qū)受益。
(2)I __________ much ______ my father's advice.我從父親的建議中獲益頗多。
(3)Moderate exercise will be _______________________ you.適度運動對你有很多益處。
(4)She went there _______________________________ her health.
她為了健康而去了那里。
Benefit benefited from of much benefit to for the benefit of
7．combine vt. & vi. (使)聯(lián)合；(使)結(jié)合 in combination with 與……聯(lián)合起來
combination n. 結(jié)合；聯(lián)合；化合(物) combine into... 聯(lián)合成……
combine...with... 把……與……結(jié)合起來 a combination of... 一種……的結(jié)合(物)
[即學(xué)即練7](1)Some films _________ education ______ recreation.
有些電影把教育與娛樂結(jié)合起來。
(2)The two small shops _________ to make a large one.
這兩個小店合并起來成為了一個大商店。
(3)Pink is ________________________ red and white.粉紅色是紅色與白色的混合色。
Combine with Combined a combination of
8．get away with 被放過；(做壞事)不受懲罰
get rid of 擺脫；除去 get about 走動；旅行；(消息等)傳開來
get across (使)被理解；(把……)講清楚 get down to doing sth. 開始認(rèn)真地做某事
get on/along well with... 與……相處得好；進展得好
get away from 逃脫；離開 get down (從……)下來；寫下；使沮喪
get in 收獲；插話 get in touch with 與……取得聯(lián)系
get into the habit of 染上……的習(xí)慣 get into trouble 陷入困境
get out (of...) (使)出去；離開；逃脫；擺脫
get over 爬過(墻等)；克服(困難等)；從……中恢復(fù)過來
get through 辦完；花完(錢、時間等)；(使)通過；接通電話
[即學(xué)即練8](1)I won't have you _______________________ cheating in the exam.
我不能容忍你考試作弊而不受懲罰。
(2)He was so lucky to __________________________ only a fine for such a serious mistake.
他犯了如此嚴(yán)重的錯誤，僥幸只被罰款了事。
(3)How can I _________________________________ the flies in the kitchen？
我怎樣才能把廚房里的蒼蠅消滅掉？
(4)He's not very good at __________ his ideas _________.
他不太善于清楚地表達自己的思想。
getting away with get away with
get rid of getting across
9．in debt負(fù)債 get/run into debt陷入債務(wù)
be in heavy debt負(fù)債累累 be in debt to sb.欠某人債
pay off all the debts還清債務(wù)(動作) be out of debt不欠債(狀態(tài))
[即學(xué)即練9](1)In my opinion, the elegant woman with long hair can’t have been _______________________.在我看來，那位優(yōu)雅的長發(fā)女士不可能負(fù)債累累。
(2)Being __________________________ makes Tom a light mood
還清了債務(wù)使得湯姆心情輕松。
(3)The couple worked hard day and night in order to ____________________________________________.
為了還清所有的債務(wù)，這對夫婦夜以繼日地拼命干活。
in heavy debt out of debt
pay off all their debtsjab88.cOM
10．cut down 砍倒，使倒下；削減，壓縮；減價
[即學(xué)即練10](1)He used to _______________ trees, but he plants trees now.
他過去砍樹，而現(xiàn)在植樹。
(2)I have to __________________________.我得少抽煙。
(3)AIDS __________________________ at an early age.艾滋病較早地奪去了他的生命。
(4)He was asking 0 for the vase, but I ____________________________________ .
這個花瓶要價100美元，但我砍到了75美元。
cut down cut down smoking
cut him down cut him down to
拓展：cut across走捷徑，穿過去 cut in插話；讓某人分享利潤 cut off中止，切斷；隔絕 cut out刪除；裁剪
cut up劈碎，切碎；使難過；(嚴(yán)重地)割傷
cut short突然停止，中斷(活動) cut through穿過；克服；避開；剪斷
Ⅱ.重點句型詳解
1．Nothing could be better... 再沒有比這更好的了……
此句中形容詞(或副詞)的比較級 better與否定詞 nothing連用，表達最高級的含義。常用的否定詞有 no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等與比較級連用，表示最高級的含義。
①I think nothing is more pleasant than travelling.我想沒有什么比旅行更令人愉快的了。
②Nobody loves money better than he.沒人比他更貪財。
③—Did you sleep well last night? 你昨晚睡得怎樣？
—Never better, like a rock. 從來沒這么好過，像塊石頭。
拓展：下列結(jié)構(gòu)也可表示最高級的含義：
(1)否定詞＋so＋adj./adv.(原級)such＋adj.(原級)＋n.
(2)adj./adv.(比較級)＋than＋any other＋n. (單數(shù)) any of the other＋n. (復(fù)數(shù))
①You haven't done such a foolish thing!
你從沒有做過這么傻的事！(這是你做過的最傻的事。)
②Bill runs faster than any other boy any of the other boys in his class.
在班里比爾跑得比別的男孩快。
[即境活用1] (1)(2008·海南東方模擬)—Did you listen to Mr Jackson's lecture?
—Yes, I have never heard a ______ one.
A．more exciting B．more excited C．most exciting D．most excited
解析：考查否定詞與比較級連用表示最高級意義，即 never...a more exciting one。
答案：A
(2)(2009·河北唐山期末)—Who is your favourite basketball player in China?
—Yao Ming, of course. No one plays ______.
A．better B．best C．good D．well
解析：No one plays better. 意為“沒有人(比他)打得更好”。 答案：A
2．He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! 他不可能讓詠慧哄騙人們后跑掉！
have sb. doing 在此表示“允許或容忍(某事物)發(fā)生”。此處的 have常用在否定句中，特別是用在 will not, cannot 等之后。
歸納：(1)have sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”，不定式做賓補省略 to，但其被動式(sb. be made to do sth.)不能省略 to。含此種“使得”意義的其他動詞還有 make, let, lead, drive等，如： No one can have Tom do this. 沒人能使湯姆做這件事。
(2)have sth. done 包含兩層意思：一種是“請別人做某事”；另一種為“承擔(dān)外界或別人做某事的后果”。
(3)have sb. (sth.) doing 有兩層含義：一種是“使……處于某種狀態(tài)或作出某種反應(yīng)”；另一種是“允許、聽任某種事情發(fā)生”，這種用法一般用于否定句中。
(4)have sth. to do 意為“有某事要做”，have 意為“有，擁有”。不定式 to do是賓語 sth.的定語，句子的主語是不定式動作的執(zhí)行者。如果是 to be done做定語時，說明該不定式是由別人發(fā)出的。
①It is rude of you to speak to Father like that and I won't have you speaking to Father like that in future.
那樣跟父親說話很粗魯，今后我不會再容忍你那樣跟父親說話。
②He had his audience listening attentively.他吸引住了聽眾的注意力。
③No one can have me leave the office.沒有人能使我離開辦公室。
④She had her bag stolen.她的包被偷了。
⑤I have some letters to type.我有些信要打。(“我”自己動手打)
⑥I have some letters to be typed.我有幾封信需要打。(需要找別人打)
[即境活用2] (1)We can't have people ______ late all the time.
A．a(chǎn)rrive B．to arrive C．a(chǎn)rriving D．a(chǎn)rrived
解析：用于否定句中 can't have sb. doing 意為“不能允許……”。答案：C
(2)Is this TV set ______ you wish to have ______？
A．the one; repaired B．which; it repaired
C．the one; it repaired D．which; repaired
解析：第一空填 the one做先行詞，其后為省略 which的定語從句，且 which在從句中做 have的賓語，故選A。
(3)—Mr Smith, do you have something ______ at this moment?
—No, thanks. I'll call you if any.
A．to be typed B．to type C．typed D．typing答案：A
解析：考查 have something to be done結(jié)構(gòu)，因為不定式的主語不是句子主語 you。
3．Why_don't_you sit down and try a meal? 你為什么不坐下來吃頓飯呢？
Why don't you...？＝Why not do...？為什么不……？(表示建議)
①Why don't you have a try once again?＝Why not have a try once again?
為什么不再試一下呢？
②Why don't you call him right now?＝Why not call him right now?
為什么不立刻給他打個電話？
拓展：向別人提建議也可以用：
(1)had better do... 最好做…… (2)Let's do..., shall we? 讓我們做……，好嗎？
(3)I advise you (not) to do... 我勸你(別)做……
(4)I suggest that you (not) do... 我建議你(別)做……
(5)Can't we do...? 難道我們不可以做……嗎？
(6)What/How about doing...? 做……怎么樣？
(7)Will you please do...? 請你做……好嗎？
(8)Would you like/love to do...? 你愿意做……嗎？
(9)I wonder if you should do... 我想知道你是不是應(yīng)該做……
(10)Shall we do...? 我們做……好嗎？
[即境活用3] —It's a long time since I saw my sister.
—______ her this weekend?
A．Why not visit B．Why not to visit C．Why not visiting D．Why don't visit
解析：Why not do...？＝Why don't you do...? 意為：“為什么不……呢？”用于提出建議。
答案：A
易 錯 點 撥 自我完善·誤區(qū)備考
1. strength/force/energy/power
(1)strength 指固有的潛力。說人時，指“力氣”；說物時，指“強度”。也可指“強項，長處”。
(2)force 主要指自然界的力量，暴力，勢力以及法律、道德或感情的力量，軍事的力量
(3)energy 主要指人的精力或自然界的能量。
(4)power 主要指做一件事所依靠的能力、功能；也可指人或機器等事物潛在的或所能發(fā)揮出來的力量；還可指職權(quán)、權(quán)力或政權(quán)。
[應(yīng)用1] 用 energy/power/force和 strength 填空。
(1)Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of __________.
(2)The party came to __________ at the last election.
(3)Gandi insisted on winning independence by peaceful struggles, not by ___________.
(4)Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ___________.
Energy power force strength
2. join/combine/unite/connect
(1)join 側(cè)重把原來不相連接的事物緊密地連接在一起，但仍可再分開。也指把分散的人或幾個部分的人聯(lián)合起來，或加入到某團體中去。短語：join up聯(lián)合起來；join...to/and...連接。
(2)combine 指兩個或兩個以上的人或物結(jié)合在一起。短語： combine with 與……結(jié)合。
(3)unite 指聯(lián)合、團結(jié)、結(jié)合在一起，構(gòu)成一個整體。
(4)connect 指兩事物在某一點上相連接，但彼此又保持獨立。短語：connect...to/with 與……相連；be connected with與……有關(guān)系。
[應(yīng)用2] 用 join, combine, unite, connect的恰當(dāng)形式填空。
(1)__________， we'll stand; divided, we'll die.
(2)Efforts and confidence _________ to make a full man.
(3)This path __________ the highway up ahead.
(4)This railway ____________ London and Edinburgh.
United combine joins connects
3. glare/glance/stare/gaze/glimpse
(1)glare側(cè)重含有敵對情緒的“怒視”。(2)glance指快速地“一掃”“一瞥”。
(3)stare指睜大眼睛出神地看或注視，凝視，多出于驚訝、好奇、羨慕等，有時是粗魯無禮的。(4)gaze多指由于喜愛、憧憬或快樂而長時間無意識地注視。
(5)glimpse無意識地一瞥，看到粗略印象，強調(diào)結(jié)果。
[應(yīng)用3] (1)The policeman ____________ the thief as he drove past.
(2)They ___________ at each other for a long time, after the quarrel.
(3)It’s impolite to ___________ at foreign guests in the street.
(4)He __________ at her and left hurriedly.
(5)The girl likes lying on her back and __________ at the stars above.
Glimpsed glared stare glanced gazing
高 效 作 業(yè) 自我測評·技能備考
Ⅱ .單項選擇
1．(2010·山東濰坊質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)—Why do you eat all the vegetables but leave ______ meat untouched?
—I'm on ______ diet.
A．a(chǎn); the B．the; / C．/; a D．the; a
解析：考查冠詞。——你為什么吃了所有的蔬菜而不動肉呢？——我在節(jié)食。第一空特指雙方都知道的“meat”，故用the；第二空on a diet“節(jié)食”，是固定搭配。答案：D
2．To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their ______ and weaknesses.
A．strengths B．benefits C．techniques D．values
解析：考查名詞辨析。由題意知 weakness 的反義詞是 strength，指“強項”。 答案：A
3．(2010·福建六校三聯(lián))Even if the treatment ______， there's still no magic pill for patients in the late stage of AIDS.
A．does B．uses C．works D．helps
解析：考查動詞辨析。work“起作用，生效”，符合語意：盡管治療起作用了，對于晚期的艾滋病患者來說還是沒有什么特效藥。答案：C
4．Once you have decided to buy an expensive article, you had better______an expert on it.
A．a(chǎn)sk B．a(chǎn)dvise C．consult D．find
解析：句意為“一旦你決定買件貴重物品，你最好找這方面的專家咨詢一下”。consult sb. 意為“向某人請教”。其他選項不符合語境。答案：C
5．A large sum of money has been raised for the ______of the poorly－educated children in the mountainous districts.
A．profit B．favor C．a(chǎn)dvantage D．benefit
解析：for the benefit of...“為了……的利益/好處”，是固定搭配。答案：D
6．You'd better ______ your expenses on clothes.
A．cut up B．cut down C．cut off D．cut out
解析：表示“削減花費/開銷”，用 cut down。答案：B
7．A harmonious society is like a symphony orchestra－each person contributes a small sound, but when ______ with other sounds, it becomes beautiful music.
A．combining B．being combined C．combined D．to be combined
解析：考查非謂語動詞。當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句中的主語一致且謂語中含有be動詞時，可以省略狀語從句中的主語和be動詞，本句完整形式應(yīng)為when it is combined...。
答案：C
8．The child should be punished. You shouldn’t let him ______ telling lies.
A．keep away from B．keep away with
C．get away from D．get away with
解析：考查動詞短語。句意為：這個孩子應(yīng)該受到懲罰。你不應(yīng)該讓他逃脫撒謊受到的處罰。get away with “僥幸成功，逃脫處罰”；get away from “逃離”；keep away from “遠離”。 答案：D
9．You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it ______ often enough.
A．explaining B．to explain C．explain D．explained
解析：本題中it指代the traffic rule，它與explain構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞做賓補。have sth. done讓別人做某事。答案：D
10．What an unforgettable experience! I’ll write it down ______ it is still fresh in my memory.
A．since B．while C．a(chǎn)fter D．until
解析：句意：多么令人難忘的經(jīng)歷！趁記憶猶新，我要把它寫下來。while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。答案：B
11．There was an oil painting ______ in the corner. It ______ there for several days.
A．laying; had laid B．lain; had laid
C．lying; had lain D．laid; had been lain
解析：第一空填 lying表示“正處于某狀態(tài)”；第二空填 had lain表示“已經(jīng)處于該位置好幾天答案：C
12．If you just spend time ______ advantages and disadvantages, you may get nothing in the end.
A．matching B．balancing C．observing D．examining
解析：balance advantages and disadvantages 意為“權(quán)衡利弊”。 答案：B
13．—The weather isn't good enough for an outing, isn't it?
—Not in the least. We can't have ______ at this time of the year.
A．a(chǎn) worse day B．a(chǎn) nicer day C．such bad a day D．so fine a day
解析：not in the least 相當(dāng)于 not at all, 意為“根本不”。此題考查比較級的否定形式表達最高級的含義。B、D兩項與題意不符；C項結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤。答案：A
14．—Lucy doesn't mind lending you her dictionary.
—She ______. I've already borrowed one.
A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．shouldn't
解析：句意為：“Lucy不介意把詞典借給你?！薄八槐亓?。我已經(jīng)借了一本了?！北绢}測試情態(tài)動詞的用法。 needn't 不必(不需要)；can't 不能(不許)；mustn't 不行(禁止)；shouldn't 不該(責(zé)備) 答案：C。
15．—Why don't we hold a party to celebrate the achievements gained by our Olympic players?
—______
A．Because we haven't got enough preparations.
B．Good idea! C．It's all because of the terrible weather.
D．Not all would like to attend it.
解析：Why don't...？“為什么不……？”用于提出建議，故回答B(yǎng)項“好主意”。 答案：B
擴展閱讀
高三英語教案：《定語從句備考復(fù)習(xí)》教學(xué)設(shè)計
一名優(yōu)秀的教師在每次教學(xué)前有自己的事先計劃，作為高中教師就要在上課前做好適合自己的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠聽懂教師所講的內(nèi)容，減輕高中教師們在教學(xué)時的教學(xué)壓力。高中教案的內(nèi)容具體要怎樣寫呢？下面是小編精心收集整理，為您帶來的《高三英語教案：《定語從句備考復(fù)習(xí)》教學(xué)設(shè)計》，希望能為您提供更多的參考。
【2012年高考命題預(yù)測】
定語從句也是高考英語的重要語法，是歷年考查的熱點。2012年高考對定語從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在：1、關(guān)系代詞that和which的區(qū)別;2、關(guān)系代詞which和as的區(qū)別;3、介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句;4、定語從句與其他從句的區(qū)別。
【重難點突破】
【概述】定語從句是一種作定語用的從句，修飾主句中的一個名詞或代詞;定語從句所修飾的詞叫做先行詞。
⒈ 定語從句要跟在先行詞的后面。
⒉ 定語從句可分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩種。
⒊ 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有兩種：
關(guān)系代詞：that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等
關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why 等
⒋ 關(guān)系詞的作用：引導(dǎo)定語從句;代替先行詞;在定語從句中作成分。
一、 定語從句中關(guān)系詞的使用：
⒈ 如果修飾人，一般用關(guān)系代詞who, whom, whose 或that。在定語從句中作主語的一般用who或that, 作賓語的一般用whom, who或that, 作定語并具有物主性質(zhì)的用whose。(在定語從句中作賓語的關(guān)系代詞可省略)關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
(2011?四川卷)17.The school shop, customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.【B】
A.which B.whose C.when D.where[來源:Zxxk.Com]
(2011?福建卷)24.She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ____ allows them to communicate freely with each other.【A】
A.which B.where C.what D.who
⒉ 如果修飾事物，用關(guān)系代詞which 和that，作賓語時可省略。作介詞賓語時，如果介詞位于關(guān)系代詞之前，則用which (不能省) ，而不用that(關(guān)系代詞that既能代人，又能代物)。whose也可用來指物(此時可用of which來代替)，在定語從句中作定語。
(2011?全國新課標(biāo)卷)31.The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination.【C】
A.that B.which C.whose D.what
(2011?江西卷)34.She showed he visitors around the museum, the construction______ has taken more than three years.【C】
A.for which B.with which C.of which D.to which
3. when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語，有時也可用介詞+which來代替。
(2011?天津卷)10.The days are gone _____ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.【A】
A.when B.that C.where D.which[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK]
4. where指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語，有時也可用介詞+which來代替。
(2011?陜西卷)11.I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 【B】
A.which B.where C.who D.that
5. why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語，?？捎胒or+ which來代替。
Do you know the reason why/for which he came so late?
判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞
方法一： 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 這是我去年呆過的山村。
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永遠不會忘記與你共事的日子。
判斷改錯：
(錯) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(錯) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(對) This is the mountain village (which) I visited la st year.
(對) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
習(xí)慣上總把表地點或時間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。
方法二： 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where B. that C. on whichD. the one
答案：例1 D，例2 A
例1變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2變?yōu)榭隙ň洌?This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中，所缺部分為賓語，而where, that, on which都不能起到賓語的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表語，又可做從句的賓語，可以省略關(guān)系代詞，所以應(yīng)選D。
而句2中, 主、謂、賓俱全，從句部分為句子的狀語表地點，既可用副詞where，又因 in the museum詞組，可用介詞in + which 引導(dǎo)地點狀語。而此題中，介詞on 用的不對，所以選A。
關(guān)系詞的選擇依據(jù)在從句中所做的成分，先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時，選擇關(guān)系代詞(who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行詞在從句中做狀語時，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系副詞 ( where 地點狀語，when 時間狀語，why 原因狀語) 。
二、 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句
限制性定語從句與主句的關(guān)系密切，對先行詞有修飾限制作用，如果去掉，主句的意義將不完整或失去意義;非限制性定語從句與主句的關(guān)系不太密切，只對先行詞有附加說明作用，如去掉，主句的意思仍完整;限制性定語從句和主句之間不用逗號分開，修飾的先行詞可是名詞，名詞詞組或代詞;而非限制性定語從句常用逗號和主句隔開，可修飾主句的某一個詞，也可以修飾整個句子。另外，在關(guān)系詞的使用上：限制性定語從句作賓語時可以省略，在非限制性定語從句中不可省略;限制性定語從句中可用that，而非限制性定語從句中不可使用that。
(2011?浙江卷)8.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures ,each of____ uses it somewhat differently .【A】
A.which B.what C.them D.those
(2011?湖南卷)25.Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ____ she spoke fluently. 【C】
A.who B.whom C.which D.that
(2010重慶)28. In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world. 【C】
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
(10全國Ⅱ)16. I refuse to accept the blame for something _____was someone else’s fault. 【B】
A. who B. that C. as D. what
定語從句的常見考點：
⒈ one of + the +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 后面定語從句中謂語單復(fù)數(shù)情況：
跟定語從句所靠近的那個復(fù)數(shù)名詞在數(shù)上保持一致，通常用復(fù)數(shù)。但如果這一結(jié)構(gòu)前面有the only之類的限定語，后面定語從句的謂語動詞則要用單數(shù)形式。
This is one of the books that are required for study at school.
He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.
⒉ 定語從句中用that而不用which的情況：
1)、先行詞是不定代詞時，如：everything, anything, any, something, little, much等。
We should do all that is useful to the people.
2)、先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, much等詞修飾時。
I have read all the books that you gave me. 。
3)、先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時。
This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.
4)、先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last修飾時。
This is the very book that I want to find.
5)、先行詞既有人又有物時。
They are talking about the factory, the leaders and the workers that they visited yesterday.
6)、主句是以who 或which 開頭的疑問句時。
Who is the person that is standing at the gate?
7)、關(guān)系代詞本身是定語從句的表語時。
My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
⒊ 定語從句中宜用which而不用that 的情況：
1)、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞時。
Is this the room in which he lives?
2)、在非限制性定語從句中。
(2011?浙江卷)8.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures ,each of____ uses it somewhat differently .【A】
A.which B.what C.them D.those
3)、當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞后面有插入語時。
Here is the English grammar book which, as I had told you, will help improve your English.
在一個句子中有兩個定語從句，其中一個定語從句的關(guān)系詞用了that，另一個宜用which。
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly opened to us.
給你看看我從新開放的圖書館借來的一本小說。
⒋ 關(guān)系代詞as 和which的選用：
在形式上as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可位于主句的后面，也可位于主句的前面，而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可位于主句的后面，不能位于主句的前面;在意義上，as定語從句和主句的關(guān)系一般為一致關(guān)系，常譯為“正如…，就象…”，而which定語從句和主句的關(guān)系是因果關(guān)系，或which從句是對主句的評論。
The room hasn’t been cleaned for weeks, which makes it very dirty.
He was late again, as we had expected.他又遲到了，正如我們所料。
另外，在such…as…, the same…as…, as…as, so…as等結(jié)構(gòu)中，as引導(dǎo)定語從句，此時不能用which代替。(這種定語從句常采用省略形式)
I have never seen such a lazy man as you.我從來沒見過你這樣懶的人。
Here is so big a stone as no one can lift. 這個大石塊太大沒人能把它舉起來。
⒌ 先行詞為situation、case、occasion、point時，常用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。
Can you point out a situation where this word can be used? 你能指出這個單詞使用的場合嗎
You have got to the point where a change is needed. 你已經(jīng)發(fā)展到非改不可的地步了。
⒍ 關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，謂語動詞要和先行詞的性、數(shù)保持一致。
(2011?山東卷)32.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.【D】
A.they B.where C.what D.that
⒎ 定語從句中不要重復(fù)了關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞所替代的部分。
誤：Thi s is the place that I have visited it.
這就是我參觀過的那個地方。
應(yīng)去掉it, 因that 代替先行詞the place 在定語從句中作visit的賓語，再加it就是多余的了。
⒏ 定語從句中不要加多余的關(guān)系副詞或介詞。
誤：The house where he lives in needs repairing.
應(yīng)刪去關(guān)系副詞where, 因為where在這里的意思是in which, 否則介詞in就重復(fù)了?；虮Ａ魒here, 刪去從句里的in.
由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1. 由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句主要用于正式文體，在非正式文體中通常將介詞放至句末。如：This is the man to whom I referred. 我指的就是這個人。This is the man (whom) I referred to. 我指的就是這個人。
2. 直接用于介詞后作賓語的關(guān)系代詞which不能換成that，直接用于介詞后作賓語的關(guān)系代詞whom不能換成who。但若介詞用于句末，則用作賓語的which, whom也可換成that, who，或者省略不同。如：這是一個我們討論了許多的問題。(which不能換成that，也不能省略)This is a subject which we have talked about a lot. 這是一個我們討論了許多的問題。(which可以換成that，也可以省略)
3. 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why根據(jù)情況有時可換成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞which”。如： That is the day when [=on which] he was born. 那就是他出生的日子。That is the house where [=in which] he lived. 那就是他住過的房子。That is the reason why [=for which] he must apologize. 那就是他必須道歉的原因。4. 在很正式的文體中，“介詞
4. +關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句可緊縮成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：在那兒孩子們有個玩耍的花園。正：There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正：There the children had a garden in which they could play. (較正式)正：There the children had a garden to play in. (較口語化)注：這類“介詞+關(guān)系代詞++不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞不能沒有，也不能放在句末。如不能說There the children had a garden which to play in.
定語從句關(guān)系詞省略的6種情形
定語從句中關(guān)系詞省略的6種情形關(guān)系詞有時可以省略，但這只限于限制性定語從句中，在非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系詞則不可省略。
一、關(guān)系代詞作賓語時的省略當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞who, whom, which和that在定語從句中用作動詞賓語或介詞位于句末時的介詞賓語時，可以省略。如：在定語從句中用作動詞賓語或介詞位于句末時的介詞賓語時，可以省略。如：Is there anything (which) you wanted? 想要什么東西嗎? Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to? 剛才和你講話的人是誰?
二、關(guān)系代詞作表語時的省略當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中用作表語時，可以省略。如：China is not the country (that) it was. 中國已不是過去的中國了。(that作表語)
三、關(guān)系代詞作賓補時的省略當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞that在定語從句中用作賓語補足時，可以省略。如：I’m not the madman (that) you thought me. 我并不是你所認(rèn)為的那個瘋子。(that作賓語補語)
四、關(guān)系副詞when的省略用作時間狀語的關(guān)系副詞when通常不能省略，但有一種特殊情況，即用于day, year, time等少數(shù)幾個詞后時可以省略(也可換成that)也可換成。如：That was the year (that) I first went abroad. 就是那一年我第一次出國了。I’ll never forget the day (that) we met. 我永遠也忘不了我們見面的那一天。
五、關(guān)系副詞where的省略用作地點狀語的關(guān)系副詞where通常不能省略，但有一種特殊情況，即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少數(shù)幾個詞后時可以省略(也可換成that)。如：This is the place (where) they met yesterday. 這就是他們昨天碰頭的地方。Have you somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour? 你有沒有一個什么地方可以讓我躺一個小時?
六、關(guān)系副詞why的省略關(guān)系副詞why通常只用于the reason后引導(dǎo)定語從句，且通常可換成that或for which，均可省略。如：That’s the reason (why, for which, that) he came.
這就是他來的原因。
Give me one reason (why) we should help you. 給我舉出一個我們應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助你的理由。 absent, nothing couldn’t be done. 由于他缺席，什么事也干不成。
定語從句的考查
一、疑問句中考查定語從句
1. Is this the farm ________ you visited last week?
A. whereB. the one C. on whichD. /
【解析】答案是D。命題人經(jīng)常利用疑問句的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)來干擾學(xué)生的正確選擇。遇到這類定語從句時，最好的辦法是先把疑問句還原成陳述句，然后判斷誰是先行詞，再看關(guān)系詞在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑詈蟠_定正確答案。
二、倒裝句中考查定語從句
2. We came to a place， ________ stood a big tower.
A. whichB. thatC. /D. where
【解析】正確答案是D。為了保持句子平衡，句子用了倒裝語序。倒裝的使用使定語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)變得較為特殊，因此對于使用倒裝語序的定語從句，應(yīng)先把倒裝語序還原成正常語序，這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)就比較清晰了。
三、 拆分詞組和固定搭配
3. The second is connected with the use ________ the body makes of food.
A. of whichB. whereC. to doD. that
4. Why can’t you realize the part ________ they have played in our life?
A. whichB. on whichC. whenD. where
【解析】正確答案分別是D和A。一些詞組和搭配被拆開后，句子的含義就變得難以理解。首先把拆開的詞組復(fù)原是理解此類定語從句的關(guān)鍵。上述句子中包含以下詞組：make use of， play a part (in)。
四、添加插入語或狀語
5. The scientist has made another discovery， _______ I belie ve is of great importance.
A. thatB. /C. whichD. why
【解析】應(yīng)選擇C。這類句子主要利用插入語或狀語的添加來增加試題的難度。常見的插入語有：I think (suppose， expect， believe， imagine)， in my opinion， to tell you the truth等。做這類題目時，最佳的辦法是先刪去插入語或狀語，這樣句子的主干部分就一目了然了。
五、插入非謂語動詞
6. Is this the man ________ you want to have ________
the radio for me?
A. who;repairedB. that;repaired
C. whom;repairing D. that;repair
【解析】D項正確。非謂語動詞是英語中難度較大的語法項目之一，因而在定語從句中加入非謂語動詞就成了學(xué)生最易失分的題目。對付這類題目最有效的辦法就是將句子還原。如：我們可以把幾個句子中的定語從句進行還原，還原后的句子應(yīng)是：You want to have the man repair the radio for me.
典型高考英語陷阱題詳解
1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.
A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were
【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，將A 、B中的 which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一 個由"介詞+which"引出的非限制性定語從句，而在該從句中，主語是 high mountains，around which 是表語，所以句子謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù) was.請做以下類例題目(答案均為C)：
(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.
A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are
(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.
A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are
(3) Next month we'll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food.
A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are
2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, "Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?"
A. that B. which C. where D. what
【陷阱】容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為 around 是介詞，選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。
【分析】最佳答案為C。以上語法分析并不算錯，但問題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒有這樣一個醫(yī)院，我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷?這樣的語境顯然有點不合情理，因為人們通常是在醫(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為"在附近";其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語從句用以修飾其前的地點名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒有一家醫(yī)院，我可以去治我的手傷?
3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為此處應(yīng)填一個形式主語。
【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引導(dǎo)的是一個非限制性定語從句。比較下面一題：
_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
此題答案選 A，it 為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的 that 從句。
再比較下面一組題，其中第(1)題選 B，第(2)題選 D：
(1) ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
(2) ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
4. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.
A. that B. who C. as D. whom
【陷阱】此題容易誤選A，許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such，再聯(lián)系到選項中的 that，便認(rèn)為這是考查such ... that ...句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順。
【分析】最佳答案為C，不是A，因為在such ... that ... (如此......以至......)結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句，并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，若在上句填入 such ... that ...，句末的動詞 like 缺賓語。選C的理由如下：as 用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾其前的名詞 boy，同時 as 在定語從句中用作動詞 like 的賓語，句意為"所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩"。有的同學(xué)可能還會問，假若選A，能否將其后的 that 視為引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞呢?不能，因為當(dāng)先行詞受到 such 的修飾時，其后的定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 as 來引導(dǎo)，而不用that.比較下面一題，答案為A，因為 like 后有自己的賓語 him：
David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.
A. that B. who C. as D. whom
請再做以下試題(答案選D)：
It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.
A. like B. that C. which D. as
5. The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
【陷阱】容易誤選 C，用 them 代指 the buses.
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 為非限制性定語從句，修飾 the buses.類似地，以下各題也選D：
(1) His house, for _______ he paid , 000, is now worth , 000.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
(2) Ashdown forest, through _______ we'll be driving, isn't a forest any longer.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
(3) This I did at nine o'clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
類似地，以下各題選 whom，不選 them：
(4) George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.
A. that B. him C. them D. whom
(5) Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.
A. that B. who C. them D. whom
(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.
A. that B. who C. them D. whom
6. He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.
A. whom B. them C. which D. who
【陷阱】容易誤選 B，用 them 代指 students.
【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 為非限制性定語從句。假若在many of... 的前面加上連詞and，則選答案B。比較以下各題(答案均選A)：
(1) He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
(2) He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.
A. them B. which C. what D. that
(3) He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.
A. whom B. them C. which D. who
(4) He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.
A. them B. whom C. which D. who
7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.
A. whom B. them C. which D. who
【陷阱】容易誤選 A，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句。
【分析】最佳答案是B，這不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因為空格后的動詞 invited 并不是一個完整的謂語，而是一個過去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在 invited 前加上助動詞 were，則是一個非限制性定語從句，答案便應(yīng)選A.比較：
(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案選B，none of them carried out in their work 是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，其中的 carried out 為過去分詞。
(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案選A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定語從句，注意與上例比較句中多了一個助動詞were.
(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案選B，由于兩句之間增加了一個并列連詞but，使得該句成了一個并列句。
8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
【陷阱】容易誤選B，認(rèn)為這是非限制性定語從句。
【分析】最佳答案是A.與上面一題相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因為空格后的動詞 seated 不是謂語，而是一個過去分詞，因為 seat 作動詞用時，是及物動詞。比較以下相似題：
(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
選B. whose parents were seated together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因為其后有完整的謂語 were seated.
(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
選A.因為句中有并列連詞and，整個句子為并列句。
(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
選A. their parents sitting together joking 為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
選B. whose parents sat together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因為句中有完整的謂語 sat.
(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
選B. whose parents were sitting together joking 為非限制性定語從句，因為句中有完整的謂語 were sitting.
9. If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
【陷阱】容易誤選A或B，誤這是非限制性定語從句。
【分析】正確答案為D，注意逗號前是一個條件狀語從句，逗號后是該狀語從句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情況，用作主句的主語。類似地，下面幾道題也選 that，而不選 which：
(1) If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.
A. as B. which C. and it D. that
(2) If you want a double room, _____ will cost another ￡15.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
(3) Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.
A. that B. which C. and it D. so
(4) When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
10. She says that she'll never forget the time ________ she's spent working as a secretary in our company.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
【陷阱】容易誤選B，機械地認(rèn)為時間名詞后必須用關(guān)系副詞when，地點名詞后用關(guān)系副詞 where.
【分析】正確答案為A.在時間名詞和地點名詞后是否用關(guān)系副詞要看它在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么句子成分。一般說來，若用作主語或賓語，用關(guān)系代詞;若用作狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞。上面一題中的動詞 spent 缺賓語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 which或that.比較下面一題，由于空格后的句子不缺少主語或賓語，所以選關(guān)系副詞when：
She says that she'll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
請再做一組試題(答案均選A)：
(1) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
選A，which 在定語從句中用作動詞 bought 的賓語。
(2) Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
選A，which 在定語從句中用作主語。
(3) Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.
A. where B. when C. that D. which
選A，where 在定語從句中用作狀語。
【高考真題剖析】
(2011?江蘇卷)24.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _____ the audience can buy ice-cream.
A.When B.Where C.that D.which
答案【A】考查定語從句。非限定性定語從句____ the audience can buy ice-cream.中不缺少成分，先行詞an interval表時間，所以選擇A。
(2011?浙江卷)8.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures ,each of____ uses it somewhat differently .
A.which B.what C.them D.those
答案【A】考查定語從句。非限定性定語從句each of____ uses it somewhat differently .中介詞of后缺少賓語。所以選擇A。
(2010重慶)28. In china, the number of cities is increa sing ________development is recognized across the world.
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
答案【C】考查定語從句。development與先行詞cities之間是所屬關(guān)系，所以選whose。句意是：在中國，城市的數(shù)量在增加，城市的發(fā)展被全世界意識到。所以選擇C。
(10福建)24. Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose24. 答案：B
考點：定語從句
解析：先行詞為planet，表示地點，故用where。
(10湖南) 28. I've become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who B. where C. when D. which
28. 答案：A
考點：考查定語從句。
解析：該空引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾表示人的先行詞the students，且在從句中作met的賓語，故選關(guān)系代詞who，即A項。
(10江西) 31 The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ______ she would stay for an hour.
A where B who C which D what
答案：A
考點：考察定語從句。
解析：先行詞為centre, she would stay for an hour 不缺賓語或主語, 故要填狀語, 表地點用where。
(10山東)24. That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.
A. that B. which C. whose D. What
答案：C
考點：本題考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。
解析：句意應(yīng)為“那就是那臺零部件小得幾乎看不見的新機器?！笨崭裉幰龑?dǎo)定語從句并且在從句中作定語使用，所以使用whose。
38. Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.
A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which
答案：C
考點：此處考查的是介詞加疑問詞引導(dǎo)從句
解析：考察介詞+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy whichthat
we may return to in the near future.
(10天津)8. Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?
You should try the barber’s I go. It’s only 15.
A. as B. which C. where D. that
答案：C.
考點：考查定語從句。
句意：—你能相信我理一次發(fā)得花20美元嗎?—你應(yīng)該到我去的那家理發(fā)店試試，只需要15美元。
解析：句中the barber’s 是先行詞，從句中g(shù)o 是不及物動詞，所選關(guān)系代詞在從句中作狀語，所以要用where。
(10四川)10.After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling， turned out to be a wise decision.
A.that B.which C.when D.where
答案：B
考點：考查定語從句。
解析：此處應(yīng)為which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，which代替前邊整個句子。句意為：“大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我們休假一段時間去旅游，這結(jié)果證明是一個明智的決定。”
(10全國Ⅰ)24. As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_____ is named after his grandfather.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
24題 答案：A
句意：還是孩子的時候，Jack 在以他祖父命名的鄉(xiāng)村學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。
解答：根據(jù)選項此題考察從句，空格設(shè)置在名詞school后，且school后有逗號，此題考察非限定性定語從句。定語從句所修飾的先行詞是school，它在定于從句中做主語，因此使用關(guān)系代詞，選項中的關(guān)系代詞只有which和that，由于是非限定性定語從句，不能使用that，因此選擇A。
(10江蘇)32. The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
選D定語從句表示咖啡屋的墻
(陜西)11. The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.
A. where B. which C. its D . Whose
11. 答案：D.
考點：考查定語從句。[來源:學(xué)*科*網(wǎng)Z*X*X*K]
解析：所填詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是the old temple，關(guān)系詞在從句中做roof的定語，用關(guān)系代詞whose，選D。其余選項與題意不符。
(10全國Ⅱ)16. I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.
A. who B. that C. as D. what[來源:Zxxk.Com]
答案：B
考點：定語從句。
解析：不定代詞something作主語，用that引導(dǎo)。
(10湖北)77. My mother was so proud of all ________(我所做的)that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (do)
77. 答案：that I had done
考點：定語從句
解析：先行詞是 “all”的時候，定語從句只能由 “that”引導(dǎo)，又因為主句是一般過去時，“我”所做的事情是過去已經(jīng)完成的事情，所以要用過去完成時。
80. ________(正如我們強調(diào)的那樣)many times, “serve the people” is our first policy. (stress)
80. 答案：As we have stressed
考點：非限定性定語從句
解析：當(dāng)句子以整個主句作為先行詞，又放在主句前的非限定性定語從句只能由 “as”來引導(dǎo)，主句的內(nèi)容作定語從句謂語動詞的賓語
(北京)27. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A. what B. whose C. which D. that
27. 答案：B
考點: 本題考查定語從句關(guān)系副詞的選擇。
解析：不愛運動或者飲食熱量偏高的孩子們會很快發(fā)胖。較簡單。本定語從句不缺成分，為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，因此只能在考慮填關(guān)系副詞。A中的What不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。選B. whose誰的，符合題意。
(重慶)28. In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
28. 答案C
考點：考查定語從句。
解析： development與先行詞cities之間是所屬關(guān)系，所以選whose。句意是：在中國，城市的數(shù)量在增加，城市的發(fā)展被全世界意識到。
(10浙江)3.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village home s for a better life in the city.
A.whom B.which C.them D.those
答案：A
考點：本題考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞。
解析：由many之后的逗號和選項特征，此處是主從句關(guān)系，排除C、D項。由于先行詞是“1,000 people”，表示人，故用whom。句意為：這里居住著將近1000人，他們中的許多人都背井離鄉(xiāng)去城市追求更好的生活。
真題練習(xí)
(09安徽)1. A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing.
A. how B. whom
C. when D. which
【答案】C
(09安徽)2. Many children， parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village.
A. their B. whose
C. of them D. with whom
【答案】B
(09北京)3. —What do you think of teacher ,Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting .
A. where B. which C. when D. that
【答案】B
(09福建)4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
【答案】D 考查定語從句。先行詞是situation，指物，亦可指地點，關(guān)系詞在從句中做地點狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where，選D。
(09湖南)5.I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A. which B. of which C. that D. whose
【答案】D 考查定語從句。先行詞在定語從句中充當(dāng)定語，意思為這個城市的名字。
(09江西)6. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which
【答案】B 考查定語從句。The house ( which / that I grew up in ) , 主語后面緊跟的是定語從句。
(09海南)7. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.
A. them B. who
C. whom D. these
【答案】C。 考查定語從句中的非限制性定語從句。句意為：她帶著她的三個朋友，他們?nèi)齻€中沒有一個人我曾見過。表示“部分的詞語+of+關(guān)系代詞” 在非限制性定語從句指人只能用whom。
(09山東)8. Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A. who B. which C. when D. that
【答案】B非限制性定語從句，指代前面一個句子，故用which.
(09陜西)9. Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which
【答案】C 考查定語從句，先行詞是Gun control，指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中做介詞的賓語，介詞前置，介詞與從句動詞構(gòu)成搭配argue about sth，選C。
(09四川)10. She’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
【答案】D 考查定語從句的用法。her stay為先行詞，可以理解為抽象的一段時間(她呆在那里期間)，when指代her stay在定語從句中做時間狀語。
(09天津)11. A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever[來源:Z_xx_k.Com]
【答案】C
(09天津)12 I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, _____ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.
A. as B. which C. when D. though
【答案】A
(09浙江)13.I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
【答案】B
(09重慶)14. Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what
C. that D. where
【答案】D
(09全國2 )15. My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
【答案】A 考查非限制性定語從句(這兒的which指代前面整句話內(nèi)容。
(2011全國卷I) 31.The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A.that B.which C.whose D.what
(2011全國卷II)7.Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ____ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A.this B.that C.what D.which
(2011北京卷)26.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _________, of course, make all the others upset.
A.who B.which C.what D.that
(2011上海卷) 39.You’ll find taxis waiting at the bus station ____ you can hire to reach your host family.
A.which B.where C.when D.as
(2011山東卷)32.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.
A.they B.where C.what D.that
(2011江西卷)34.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _____had taken more than three years.
A.for which B.with which C.of which D.to which
(2011江蘇卷)24.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.
A.when B.where C.that D.which
(2011安徽卷)28.Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _____ it will keep for two or three weeks.
A.when B.which C.where D.while
(2011浙江卷)8.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently.
A.which B.what C.them D.those
(2011浙江卷)10.A bank is the place ______ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A.when B.that C.where D.there
(2011福建卷)24.She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ____ allows them to communicate freely with each other.
A.whic h B.where C.what D.who
(2011四川卷)17.The school shop, ________ customers are mainly students, is closed few the holidays.
A.which B.whose C.when D.where
(2011天津卷)10.The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
A.when B.that C.where D.which
(2011陜西卷)11.I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, __________ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
A.which B.where C.who D.that
(2011湖南卷)25.Julie was good at German, French and Russian , all of _________ she spoke fluently.
A.who B.whom C.which D.that
【鞏固練習(xí)】
1. Don’t talk about such things of __________ you are not sure.
A. which B. what
C. as D. those
2.Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?
A. that B. where
C. in which D. the one
3.Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?
A. that B. where
C. which D. the one
4.Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?
A. that B. where
C. which D. the one
5.The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.
A. that B. where
C. in which D. in that
6.The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into
ice.
A. at which B. on that
C. in which D. of what
7.This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts..
A. how you have observed B. what you have observed
C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed
8. The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.
A. because B. why
C. that D. whether
9. I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.
A. all which B. that
C. all that D. which
10. That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.
A. whose B. of which
C. in which D. on which
11. I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.
A. as B. that
C. which D. what
12. He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.
A. which B. it
C. that D. what
13. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.
A. which B. whom
C. who D. that
14. The girl __________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.
A. who is singing B. is singing
C. sang D. was singing
15. Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.
A. learn B. who
C. that learns D. who learn
16. Anyone __________ this opinion may speak out.
A. that against B. that against
C. who is against D. who are against
17. Didn’t you see the man __________?
A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now
C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now
18. Can you lend me the novel __________ the other day?
A. that you talked B. you talked about it
C. which you talked with D. you talked about
19. Is there anything __________ to you?
A. that is belonged B. that belongs
C. that belong D. which belongs
20. ---- “How do you like the book?”
---- “It’s quite different from __________ I read last month.”
A. that B. which
C. the one D. the one what
21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except __________ who had already taken them.
A. the ones B. ones
C. some D. the others
22. The train __________ she was travelling was late.
A. which B. where
C. on which D. in that
23. He has lost the key to the drawer __________ the papers are kept.
A. where B. in which
C. under which D. which
24. Antarctic __________ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.
A. which B. where
C. that D. about which
25. It’s the third time __________ late this month.
A. that you arrived B. when you arrived
C. that you’ve arrived D. when you’ve arrived
26. It was in 1969 __________ the American astronaut succeeded in
landing on the moon.
A. that B. which
C. when D. in which
27. May the fourth is the day __________ we Chinese people will never
forget.
A. which B. when
C. on which D. about which
28. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __________ live my grandparents and some relatives.
A. which B. that
C. who D. where
29. The hotel __________ during our holidays stands by the seaside.
A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at
C. we stayed D. in that we stayed
30. Is it in that factory __________ “Red Flag” cars are produced?
A. in which B. where
C. which D. that
31. It is the Suez Canal __________ separates Asia __________ Africa.
A. which, to B. where, from
C. that, from D. that, with
32. Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, __________ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.
A. there B. where
C. it D. which
33. He is not __________ a fool __________.
A. such, as he is looked B. such, as he looks
C. as, as he is looked D. so, as he looks
34. Is that the reason __________ you are in favour of the proposal?
A. which B. what
C. why D. for that
35. He must be from Africa, __________ can be seen from his skin.
A. that B. as
C. who D. what
36. He has two sons, __________ work as chemists.
A. two of whom B. both of whom
C. both of which D. all of whom
37. I, __________ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is B. who am
C. that is D. what is
38. He is a man of great experience, __________ much can be learned.
A. who B. that
C. from which D. from whom
39. ---- Do you know the town at all?
---- No, this is the first time I __________ here.
A. was B. have been
C. came D. am coming
40. I don’t like __________ you speak to her.
A. the way B. the way in that
C. the way which D. the way of which
41. The two things __________ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.
A. about which B. of which
C. in which D. for which
42. The dinner was the most expensive meal we __________.
A. would have B. have had
C. had never had D. had ever had
43. Do you know which hotel __________?
A. she is staying B. she is staying in
C. is she staying D. is she staying in
44. There is only one thing __________ I can do.
A. what B. that
C. all D. which
45. Who can think of a situation __________ this idiom can be used?
A. which B. that
C. where D. in that
46. I have many books, some of __________ are on chemistry.
A. them B. that
C. which D. those
47. They were interested __________ you told them.
A. in which B. in that
C. all that D. in everything
48. The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, __________ much help for knowing space.
A. which we think it is B. which we think are of
C. of which we think is D. I think which is of
49. The great day we looked forward to __________ at last.
A. come B. came
C. coming D. comes
50. I like the second football match __________ was held last week.
A. which B. who
C. that D. /
參考答案：
1—5 AADBA 6—10 ABCCA 11—15 AADAD
16—20 CDDBC 21—25 ACBDC 26—30 AADAD
31—35 CABCB 36—40 BBDBA 41—45 BDBBC
46—50 CDBBC
高三英語教案：《the way》教學(xué)設(shè)計
在the way+從句中, the way 是先行詞, 其后是定語從句.它有三種表達形式:1) the way+that 2)the way+ in which 3)the way + 從句(省略了that或in which),在通常情況下, 用in which 引導(dǎo)的定語從句最為正式,用that的次之,而省略了關(guān)系代詞that 或 in which 的, 反而顯得更自然,最為常用.如下面三句話所示,其意義相同.
I like the way in which he talks.
I like the way that he talks.
I like the way he talks.
另外，在當(dāng)代美國英語中,the way用作為副詞的對格,"the way+從句"實際上相當(dāng)于一個狀語從句來修飾全句. 關(guān)鍵是看引導(dǎo)詞在從句中做什么成分：如果作主語或賓語，那就是定語從句；如果作狀語，就是方式狀語從句
1. the way=as
I'm talking to you just the way I'd talk to a boy of my own.
我和你說話就象和自己孩子說話一樣.
He did not do it the way his friend did.
他沒有象他朋友那樣去做此事.
2. the way=according to the way/judging from the way
The way you answer the questions, you must be an excellent student.
從你回答就知道,你是一個優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生.
3. the way=how/how much
I know where you are from by the way you pronounce my name.
從你叫我名字的音調(diào)中,我知道你哪里人.
4. the way=because
No wonder that girl looks down upon me, the way you encourage her.
難怪那姑娘看不起我, 原來是你慫恿的
5. the way =while/when(表示對比)
From that day on, they walked into the classroom carrying defeat on their shoulders the way other students carried textbooks under their arms.
從那天起,其他同學(xué)是夾著書本來上課,而他們卻帶著"失敗"的思想負(fù)擔(dān)來上課.
6."the way+從句"還常用作主語,賓語,表語,或賓語補足語
Words are important, but the way a person stands, folds his or her arms or moves his or her hands can also give us information about his or her feelings.
言語固然重要,但人的站姿,抱臂的方式和手勢也回告訴我們他(她)的情感.
7. the way=the manner in which 在句中作主語
That was the way minority nationalities were treated in old China.
那就是少數(shù)民族在舊中國如何被對待的情況.
8. the way=how 在句中做表語
I hate the way she stared at me .
我討厭她盯我看的樣子.
9. the way=the manner in which在句中作賓語
what made him the way he was?
他怎么會弄成這樣子的?
10. the way =that which/those which在句中作賓語補足語
"the way+從句"也常作為狀語,相當(dāng)與"in any way(that or in which)+從句或in any manner in which +從句", 其含義是"不管/不論用什么方式".
Do it anyway you like .
你愛怎么干就怎么干
Unit One
1. It is wrong to raise our children the way we grow flowers in the greenhouse. We must expose them to all social problems because very soon they will be dealing with them as responsible citizens.
2. As tome goes on we are inevitably going to get more and more involved in international affaires. And conflicts are sure to occur because there always exist different views and interests among nations.
3. We are proud of our accomplishment, and we have reason to be. But we must never become arrogant. Otherwise we will lose our friends.
4. Information is now easily available. An average computer can store the information of a small library.
5. That construction company is not qualified to handle the project. They do not have any legal document to certify that they have the necessary expertise. We must find a company that specializes in building theatres.
6. These think tanks do not make decisions. They are out to generate new ideas and penetrating analyses that will be extremely useful for decision makers.
7. The growth of GDP is not everything. Our country cannot be said to have been modernized unless the quality of our people’s lives is really improved.
8. Poor as we were in many ways at that time, we were still quite happy as children, for there was clean air, clean water, a lot of fish, crabs and eels in the rivers, lakes, and ponds; and a lot of flowers, trees and birds in the fields.
9. Give absolute power to any individuals or any particular group of people, and that person or group is sure to abuse that power because, just as Lord Acton says, “Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely”
10. Traditionally in our country, school education was always said to be more important and useful compared with all other pursuits.
Unit 2
1.You know what? All things considered, it’s not a bad idea to be a teacher. As a matter of fact, I think it is an excellent idea.
2.I don’t like it when you take a sarcastic tone the way you just did. You seem to be implying all the time I am a good-for-nothing.
3.It is really considerate of my father to leave the final decision to me. I must say I am very luck. Not many people have such a terrific father.
4.You said you do not want any money. You may not want money, but you do need money. I don’t see what’s wrong with students earning some money during their spare time.
5.Somehow this tune sounds very familiar, but I can’t recall what it is. In any case, it is a Russian folk song.
6.Besides the usual weekend housework, I also have a whole pile of homework to do tomorrow. It is really terrible.
7.To demonstrate our unhappiness over the recent dispute, we put off our Foreign Minister’s visit indefinitely.
8.It’s getting dark. The next town is still two hours’ drive away. We might as well camp in the forest, pitch a tent, build a fire, and have a good sleep before we continue our journey tomorrow.
9.I am really shocked to hear people say they do not consider cheating at exams shameful. Isn’t that the most shameful thing that we have been incapable of feeling ashamed?
高三英語教案：《Robots》教學(xué)設(shè)計
一名優(yōu)秀負(fù)責(zé)的教師就要對每一位學(xué)生盡職盡責(zé)，作為教師就要精心準(zhǔn)備好合適的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生們充分體會到學(xué)習(xí)的快樂，幫助教師更好的完成實現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)。那么如何寫好我們的教案呢？小編收集并整理了“高三英語教案：《Robots》教學(xué)設(shè)計”，供大家參考，希望能幫助到有需要的朋友。
本文題目：高三英語二單元教案：Robots教案
1、favour n.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)Thanks for looking after all my things— I will return the favour sometime.
(2)The idea may find favour with older people.
根據(jù)語義找匹配
A. 支持;贊許 B. 恩惠;善意的行為
(1)B (2)A
ask a favour of sb. 求某人幫一個忙，求某人做某事
do sb. a favour / do sth. as a favour 幫某人一個忙，給某人做件事
be in / out of favour (with)受寵/失寵;得到/不受偏愛
find / gain / win favour 受到贊許/得到贊同
lose favour 不再受支持，失去支持
owe sb. a favour 欠某人一個人情
in favour of贊成;主張 in one's favour對某人有利
favourable adj. 有利的 unfavourable adj. 不利的
完成句子
(1)May I ask a favour of (求……幫個忙)you?
(2)Was he in favour of (贊成)the death penalty?
(3)Do me a favour (勞駕)and turn the radio down while I'm on the phone，will you?
2、affair n.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)They were accused of interfering in China's internal affairs.
(2)I am not prepared to discuss my financial affairs with the press.
(3)He had an affair with his boss that lasted six years.
(4)What I do in my time is my affair and nobody else's.
根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. (公共或政治的)事務(wù) B. 曖昧關(guān)系 C. (個人的)事務(wù)
(1)A (2)C (3)B (4)C
current affairs時事 state affairs國事
family affairs家事 foreign affairs外交事務(wù)
public affairs公共事務(wù) private affairs私事
affair / accident / incident / event / matter / business
affair含義最廣，可以指公共或政治的事務(wù)，也可以指個人的事務(wù)。
accident指意外事故。
incident指“小事件”或“政黨事件”和“政治事變”。
event指“重大影響的事件”或體育比賽的賽事。
matter指“事情;問題”， 常常需要考慮和處理的事情。
business指公事、商業(yè)事務(wù)、職責(zé)或需要處理的事情，往往強調(diào)任務(wù)、職務(wù)等指派的工作。
選用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空
(1)He was badly hurt in a traffic accident.
(2)A strange incident happened in the ceremony.
(3)One of the chief event of 2010 was that the 16th Asian Games was held in Guangzhou, China.
(4)What's the matter with the machine?
(5)He is away on business.
(6)It's none of your business / affairs.
3、declare v.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)A state of emergency has been declared.
(2)When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly against the policy.
(3)All tips are counted as part of your earnings and must be declared.
根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 申報(收入、財產(chǎn)) B. 聲稱;宣稱 C. 宣布;聲明
(1)C (2)B (3)A
3、declare v.
declare sb. / sth. to be宣布某人或某事是
declare for / against聲明贊成 / 反對……
declare war (on / against)(向……)宣戰(zhàn)
declare oneself發(fā)表意見;表明態(tài)度 declare off取消
declaration n. 宣布;聲明;宣言
declare / announce
declare指在莊嚴(yán)場合，官方權(quán)威人士公開鄭重宣布，有時指在公共場合對某事表明態(tài)度。
The government declared war on the drug dealers.
announce指對公眾或特定人群進行宣布，常指大家感興趣的事，如國家大事和商品信息等。
A government spokesman announced that the hostages had been released.
完成句子
(1)Severe flooding prompted the governor to declare a state of emergency (宣布進入緊急狀態(tài))Tuesday.
(2)Hillary Clinton publicly declared herself as a candidate for president (宣布自己是總統(tǒng)候選人).
(3)She declared herself extremely hurt (聲稱自己非常傷心)by her lack of support.
4、envy vt. & n.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)What a sweet victory to be envied by those women!
(2)We are in the midst of an economic recovery that is the envy of the world.
根據(jù)語義找匹配
A. v. 羨慕;妒忌 B. n. 羨慕(或妒忌)的對象
(1)A (2)B
feel envy at…對……忌妒 out of envy出于忌妒
envy sb. sth. 忌妒或羨慕某人……
become the envy of…成為……忌妒(或羨慕)的目標(biāo)
envious adj. 羨慕的，忌妒的
近義詞：jealous adj. 忌妒的
單項填空
()(1)The Smiths bought a new house, which was the __________ of the neighbours.
A. envy B. admire C. respect D. pride
()(2)Words spoken __________ should not be taken __________ seriously.
A. in envy; fairly B. for envy; farther
C. with envy; too D. of envy; quite
5、set aside
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)Try to set_aside at least an hour each day for learning new vocabulary.
(2)Congress ought to set_aside its political differences to pass a health care bill.
根據(jù)語義找匹配：A. 為……節(jié)省 / 保留時間或金錢 B. 將……擱置一邊
(1)A (2)B
5、set aside
set down 記下;放下 set back 把(鐘、表指針)往回?fù)?/p>
set about 動身，開始 set fire to 縱火;放火
set an example to 為……樹立榜樣 set a goal 確立目標(biāo)
set a time for 為……定時間
用有關(guān)set的短語完成句子
(1)Do you know how to set about going on this work?
(2)He set aside his book and lit a cigarette.
(3)Why don't you set down your idea on the paper?
(4)Do be careful with these fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.
(5)The police set up roadblocks on routes leading out of the city.
() 1. (2010?陜西)John opened the door. There ______ he had never seen before.
A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood
C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl
D 考查特殊句式(倒裝句中的完全倒裝)。here, there, now, then, in, out, away, off等副詞位于句首，且當(dāng)句子的主語是名詞時，句子用全部倒裝。
As she turned around, there_stood_Gladys_Claffern. (P11)
() 2. (2010?江西)There were many talented actors out there just waiting __________.
A. to discover B. to be discovered
C. discovered D. being discovered
B 考查非謂語動詞不定式的被動形式。演員等待被發(fā)現(xiàn)， 用被動， “發(fā)現(xiàn)”(to be discovered)發(fā)生在“等待”(wait)之后， 所以用不定式。
How awful to_be_discovered by her, Claire thought. (P11)
() 3. (2010?山東)I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term.
A. completing B. to complete
C. completed D. being completed
B 本題考查have 的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)及have something to do的使用。句意應(yīng)為“這個學(xué)期結(jié)束前，我有很多閱讀練習(xí)要做?！庇捎跁r間狀語before the end of this term表達未來的時間，所以空格處使用動詞不定式表示將來，充當(dāng)readings的定語。
But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt— you cannot have women falling in love with machines. (P12)
() 4. (2008?山東)Einstein liked Bose's paper so much that he ______ his own work and translated it into German.
A. gave off B. turned down
C. took over D. set aside
D 考查動詞短語辨析。give off發(fā)出(光、熱等);turn down調(diào)低;拒絕;take over掌管，負(fù)責(zé);set aside把……放在一邊。由句意可知D項正確。
He felt happy when his boss stated that he could set_aside some time for exercise.(P13)
高三英語教案：《項鏈》教學(xué)設(shè)計
古人云，工欲善其事，必先利其器。作為教師就要好好準(zhǔn)備好一份教案課件。教案可以保證學(xué)生們在上課時能夠更好的聽課，幫助教師緩解教學(xué)的壓力，提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量。所以你在寫教案時要注意些什么呢？以下是小編為大家精心整理的“高三英語教案：《項鏈》教學(xué)設(shè)計”，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。
本文題目：高三英語單元教案：項鏈教案
Unit 15 The necklace 項鏈
核心詞匯
1.Time is so ____________(寶貴的)that we can’t afford to waste it.
2.After years of hard work，the couple paid off all their ____________(債務(wù))at last.
3.It’s ____________(傻的)of you to make the same mistake again.
4.Slowly but ____________(無疑地)，the company is becoming successful again.
5.If he ____________(繼續(xù))stealing，he’ll end up in prison sooner or later.
6.I don’t like the colour of the coat;____________(此外)，it’s too expensive.
7.Everyone can greatly improve the ______________(質(zhì)量)of life in modern times.
8.The meeting will be ______________(參加)by finance ministers from many countries.
9.用explain的適當(dāng)形式填空：
(1)It was a small book ____________ how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.
(2)They hope that they can find an ____________ for the attacks.
10.用recognize的適當(dāng)形式填空：
(1)I decided to send my invention to the patent office to get ____________ for my successful idea.
(2)Even when they wore sunglasses or beards people __________ them.
高頻短語
1.________________ 訪問;號召;邀請
2.________________ 拿回來;使恢復(fù)
3.________________ 還清(債務(wù)等);付清
4.________________ 把……表演出來;把……付諸行動
5.________________ 充當(dāng);擔(dān)任
6.________________ 日日夜夜地
7.________________ 至多
8.________________ 試穿
9.________________ 在……中扮演角色(起作用)
10.________________ 提出/想出(計劃、辦法等)
1.call on 2.bring back 3.pay off 4.act out 5.act as 6.day and night 7.at most 8.try on 9.play a role in 10.come up with
重點句式
1.Pierre and I ____________ a very good time at the ball.
皮埃爾和我在舞會上確實玩得很開心。
2.I’m sorry，but I ____________ I know you.
很抱歉，我想我不認(rèn)識你。
3.Years of hard work，very little food，only a small cold room ____________ and never，never a moment’s rest.
長年累月的艱苦勞動，食不裹腹，只有寒室一間，從來得不到片刻休息。
4.I was ____________ in my office who ____________.I’ve written to accept the invitation.
我是我們辦公室唯一受到邀請的人，我已經(jīng)回信接受邀請。
1.did have 2.don’t think 3.to live in 4.the only person;was invited
知識詳解
1recognise(recognize) vt. 識別;認(rèn)出;承認(rèn)
【教材原句】(P17)Sorry，I didn’t recognise you.
對不起，我剛才沒認(rèn)出你。
(1)認(rèn)出，辨出
①(朗文P1705)We hadn’t seen each other in thirty years，but I recognized her right away.
我們有30年沒見過面了，可是我立刻就認(rèn)出了她。
②(朗文P1705)Our record shows that we recognize how important safety is.
我們的記錄表明了我們認(rèn)識到安全有多重要。
③They recognised him to be a great leader.
他們承認(rèn)他是一位偉大領(lǐng)袖。
④After the accident，he recognised that he was not fit for the work.
事故發(fā)生后他認(rèn)識到自己不能勝任這項工作。
recognition n. 認(rèn)出，識別;理睬beyond recognition 認(rèn)不出
思維拓展
⑤The girl has changed beyond recognition.
這姑娘變得(讓人)認(rèn)不出來了。
比較網(wǎng)站
recognise，know，realize
(1)recognise是及物動詞，意思是“認(rèn)出;識別出”，表示能夠認(rèn)出原先所認(rèn)識的人或事物，為非延續(xù)性動詞，不與表示一段時間的狀語連用。
⑥Alice glanced at the envelope and recognized her father’s handwriting.
愛麗絲瞥了一眼信封，認(rèn)出是父親的筆跡。
(2)know是及物動詞，意思是“知道”，側(cè)重于客觀事實，指認(rèn)識某人或熟悉某地，表示一種狀態(tài)，為延續(xù)性動詞。
⑦I want to know how to get in touch with him.
我想知道怎樣同他取得聯(lián)系。
(3)realize是及物動詞，意思是“意識到;實現(xiàn)(理想、夢想等)”。
⑧He began to realize just how serious the whole situation was.
他開始認(rèn)識到整個情況有多么嚴(yán)重。
即境活用
1.(2010年高考安徽卷)I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond ________.
A.hearing B.strength
C.recognition D.measure
解析：選C。句意：自從Sara還是孩子的時候，我就一直沒見過她。她現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變得(讓人)認(rèn)不出來了。beyond recognition：impossible to recognize無法辨認(rèn)。
2explain vt. 解釋;說明
【教材原句】 (P17)Could you please explain?
請你解釋一下好嗎?
①(朗文P708)He was obviously drunk，which explains why he was acting strangely.
他顯然是醉了，這可以解釋他為什么行為怪異。
②(朗文P708)Marta explained that the bus had broken down，which was why she was late.
瑪爾塔解釋說公共汽車拋錨了，所以她才遲到。
③(朗文P708)John doesn’t make excuses or explain himself to anybody.
約翰沒有找借口或向任何人對自己的行為作出解釋。
思維拓展
即境活用
2.完成句子
(1)請向我說明從哪里開始以及怎樣做。
Please ________________________ where to begin and how to do it.
(2)她解釋說她病了，在醫(yī)院里住了兩個月。
She ________________ she had been ill and in hospital for two months.
答案：(1)explain to me (2)explained that
3continue vt.& vi. 繼續(xù)，持續(xù)
【教材原句】(P17)In the park，Mathilde continues to tell Jeanne her story.
在公園里，瑪?shù)贍柕吕^續(xù)向珍妮講述她的故事。
(1)vt.繼續(xù)，持續(xù)
①They continued their journey after the rain，hoping to see him soon.雨后，他們繼續(xù)旅行，希望盡快見到他。
(2)vi.繼續(xù)，延續(xù)
②I hope that this kind of activity will continue in the future.我希望這種活動以后繼續(xù)辦下法。
③(朗文P434)Despite his illness，he plans to continue with his normal work schedule.
盡管他生病了，他還是打算按正常的進度繼續(xù)工作。
(3)continue to do/doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事
④He continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.
他繼續(xù)工作，仿佛什么都沒發(fā)生。
(4)continue后可接“to be+adj.”，意為“繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)”，此時to be可省略。
⑤My father continues healthy.
我父親依舊身體健康。
即境活用
3.According to the weather report，the weather will______fine.
A.go on B.keep on
C.carry on D.continue
解析：選D。continue后可直接跟形容詞，表示“繼續(xù)處于某種狀態(tài)”。
4.完成句子
雨持續(xù)了幾天，因此我們不能出去玩。
________________________，so we could not go out to play.
答案：The rain continued for days
4attend vt.& vi. 出席;參加;照顧;護理;專心;留意
【教材原句】(P19)Attending a ball can be exciting.
參加舞會可能會很令人興奮。
(1)vt.出席……，參加……，上學(xué)
attend a meeting/lecture出席會議/聽演講、聽課
attend a wedding/a funeral參加婚禮/葬禮
attend school/church上學(xué)/做禮拜
【高效記憶】
①I have to get up early to attend the meeting tomorrow.
我明天必須早起去出席會議。
②(朗文P108)After attending church，the family would go home for dinner.
去完教堂后，全家人會回家吃晚飯。
(2)attend (on/upon)服侍，照料，陪伴
③His mother was ill，so he had to attend (on/upon) her.
他母親病了，因此他必須照料她。
(3)attend to傾聽，注意，留心;關(guān)心，照顧;辦理
④(朗文P108)I have a few other things to attend to first.
我有幾件其他的事要先辦理。
即境活用
5.I’m sorry，but I cannot go to the concert with you because I have to ________my sick classmate.
A.appeal to B.lead to
C.attend to D.stick to
解析：選C。attend to my sick classmate.照顧生病的同學(xué)。
6.—Would you like to________my birthday party this Saturday?
—Sorry，I have an important meeting to________.
A.attend;join B.take part in;attend
C.join;take part in D.attend;attend
解析：選D。join后要接團體、集體、組織等與人有關(guān)的名詞;take part in與政治活動或體育、文娛活動有關(guān);attend側(cè)重于指上(課)，參加(晚會)，照顧病人等意義。
5call on 訪問;號召;邀請
【教材原句】(P17)So I called on you and asked if I could borrow some jewellery.
因此，我去拜訪了你，問你可不可以借我些首飾。
①I’ll take a walk then call on some friends.
我會散散步，然后順路拜訪一些朋友。
②The government has called on the graduates to work in the west.政府已號召畢業(yè)生到西部工作。
思維拓展
call at 參觀，拜訪某地
call for 要求;需要;去接某人;去拿某物
call up 打電話;使想起;使回憶起
call in 召集;請;要求退回，收回
call off 決定取消;下令停止
call back 叫回;回電話
③It is announced that the sports meeting has been called off.
據(jù)通知，運動會已被取消。
④That picture calls up memories of a holiday I had when I was a child.那張照片使我回憶起兒時假期的情景。
⑤Your mother is very ill.Call in a doctor at once.
你媽媽病得很嚴(yán)重。馬上找個醫(yī)生來。
⑥This sort of work calls for a lot of patience.
這種工作需要極大的耐性。
即境活用
7.(2009年高考福建卷)The Somali robbers’ frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to ________ all nations to take immediate action.
A.fight for B.apply for
C.call on D.wait on
解析：選C。句意：索馬里海盜經(jīng)常在海上襲擊(輪船)使聯(lián)合國號召所有國家立即采取行動。fight for為……而戰(zhàn);apply for申請;call on號召;wait on服侍，招待，拜訪。call on/upon sb.to do sth.號召某人做某事;call on sb.拜訪某人。
6pay off 還清(債務(wù)等);付清;取得成功;得到回報
【教材原句】(P18)Well，after all these years we’ve at last paid off all our debts.
呃，這么多年后我們終于還完了所有的債務(wù)。
①(朗文P1503)Ed was driving a taxi on the weekends to pay off all his debts.
埃德周末開出租車賺錢以還清他的所有債務(wù)。
②Since there was a rapid increase in his business,his efforts paid off.
生意增長迅速，因此他的努力終于得到了回報。
思維拓展
③That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.
能夠回報人們給我的幫助讓我感到很開心。
④He had to work part?time so as to pay for his education.
他必須做兼職工作來支付學(xué)費。
⑤More attention should be paid to protecting the enviroment.
應(yīng)更加關(guān)注保護環(huán)境。
即境活用
8.He________ a lot of time on the Internet，which ________ him his happiness in the future.
A.took;cost B.spent;costed
C.paid;took D.spent;cost
解析：選D。句意：他將大量時間消磨在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上，這是以葬送他未來的幸福為代價的。spend...on...花費……在……上;cost使付出，以……為代價;take后跟時間：take sb.+時間to do sth.結(jié)合句意,故此題選D。
9.Ling Feng won the first prize in the national English competition and I’m glad that her efforts at last ________.
A.worked out B.got back
C.paid off D.turned out
解析：選C。后半句句意：我很高興她的努力最后成功了。pay off (指冒風(fēng)險的政策、做法等)帶來好結(jié)果，成功，行得通。
7after all 畢竟;終究;到底
【教材原句】(P18)Well，after all these years we’ve at last paid off all our debts.
呃，這么多年后我們終于還完了所有的債務(wù)。
①It’s not surprising you’re tired.After all，you were up until eleven last night!
難怪你感到疲倦。別忘了，你昨天晚上11點才睡覺呢!
②I don’t know why you’re so concerned.It isn’t your problem after all.
我不明白你為什么這樣擔(dān)心，這畢竟不是你的問題。
思維拓展
③Above all，I’d like to thank my family.
首先，我想感謝我的家人。
④All in all，we had a good time.
總的來說，我們玩得很愉快。
即境活用
10.完成句子
(1)你根本不該責(zé)備那男孩，他畢竟還是個孩子，最重要的是，他總共才出了兩處錯。
You shouldn’t have scolded the boy ______________，he is a child ________________;________________，he made only two mistakes ________________.
答案：at all;after all;above all;in all
(2)為什么不讓他呆在這兒呢?這畢竟是他的家。
Why is he not allowed to stay here?________，it’s his home.
答案：After all
句型梳理
1【教材原句】 (P16)I’m_sorry，but I_don’t_think I know you.
對不起，我想我不認(rèn)識你。
【句法分析】 (1)I’m sorry，but...此句式常用來拒絕或否定別人的看法;有時也用來有禮貌地提出自己的看法。
①—Would you mind opening the window?
你介意打開窗戶嗎?
—I’m sorry，but I have caught a cold.
對不起，我感冒了。
(2)句中I don’t think是否定轉(zhuǎn)移。當(dāng)think表示“認(rèn)為、猜想”等含義，且主語是第一人稱，用來引導(dǎo)一個否定概念時，通常把否定詞not移到主句的謂語部分中，形成否定轉(zhuǎn)移，帶有婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣的語氣。類似的動詞還有believe，suppose，imagine，expect，guess等。如：
②I like him but I don’t think he is the right person for the job.
我喜歡他，但我認(rèn)為他不適合干這項工作。
③I don’t think it was an accident.He did it on purpose.
我認(rèn)為這不是一次意外事故，而是他有意造成
的。
【溫馨提示】 當(dāng)這類句子變反意疑問句時，其變化形式與賓語從句保持一致，且用肯定形式;但如果主句的主語不是第一人稱時，則簡短問句的主語與主句的主語一致。
④I don’t think he will come today，will he?
我認(rèn)為他今天不會來，是嗎?
⑤You don’t think he will come today，do you?
你不認(rèn)為他今天會來，是嗎?
即境活用
11.You see，there is no light in their room.I don’t think they have returned home，________?
A.haven’t they B.did they
C.have they D.didn’t they
解析：選C。應(yīng)該把not移回賓語從句再進行反意疑問，即have they。
12.Mrs.Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design a digital camera，________?
A.is he B.isn’t he
C.doesn’t she D.does she
解析：選D。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱時，本句的反應(yīng)疑問應(yīng)針對主句提問。
2【教材原句】 (P18)Pierre and I did_have a very good time at the ball.
我和皮埃爾在舞會上確實玩得很開心。
【句法分析】 這是一個強調(diào)謂語的特殊句式。強調(diào)詞通常是do的某種形式與謂語動詞的組合。這種用法常符合以下兩個條件：
(1)句子是肯定陳述句或祈使句;
(2)句子中的謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。分別用do/does/did來加強謂語動詞的語氣。在譯成漢語時，可根據(jù)具體情況將do譯為“是……，的確，確實”等。
①Do be careful next time.下次一定要細心。
②He did tell me about it yesterday.
他昨天的確告訴過我那件事了。
③He does speak English well.他英語講得的確很好。
即境活用
13.完成句子
你一到北京，一定要給我發(fā)電子郵件。
________________________ e?mails immediately you arrive at Beijing.
答案：Do send me
