高中中英語口語課教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2021-05-022011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(H字母篇)。
2011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(H字母篇)
hadbetter?
[誤]Youhavebetterhurry.?
[正]Youhadbetterhurry.?
[析]hadbetter只用過去時(shí)had,不要誤用成現(xiàn)在時(shí)have。?
[誤]Youhadntbetterworry.?
[正]Youhadbetternotworry.?
[析]hadbetter后面加不帶to的不定式,其否定式是"hadbetternot+動(dòng)詞原形"。?
half?
[誤]Ihaddrivenabouthalfmile.?
[正]Ihaddrivenabouthalfamile.?
[析]"半小時(shí)"有兩種講法halfanhour,ahalfhour.而"一個(gè)半小時(shí)"應(yīng)講anhourandahalf或oneandahalfhours."半天"應(yīng)講halfaday,"半鎊"應(yīng)講halfapound.但要盡量避免使用halfayear,而應(yīng)用sixmonths;不用halfamonth,而用twoweeks或fifteendays.?
[誤]Halfuscouldgotothepark.?
[正]Halfofuscouldgotothepark.?
[析]half用于名詞前可用of結(jié)構(gòu)也可不用of結(jié)構(gòu),但用于代詞前則必須加of。如:Morethanhalf(of)myclassmatesareboys.?
[誤]Oneandhalfapplesareleftonthetable.?
[正]Oneandhalfapplesisleftonthetable.?
[析]一個(gè)半oneandhalf后面的名詞要用復(fù)數(shù),而句中的謂語動(dòng)詞卻要用單數(shù)。?
[誤]Halfoftheworkaredone.?
[正]Halfoftheworkisdone.?
[誤]Halfofthesixapplesisred.?
[正]Halfofthesixapplesarered.?
[析]"halfof+名詞"這一結(jié)構(gòu)后面的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與of后面的名詞相一致,如為不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),要用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞;而復(fù)數(shù)名詞后面要加與復(fù)數(shù)相對應(yīng)的謂語動(dòng)詞。?
hand?
[誤]Heshookhandwithhisteacher.?
[正]Heshookhandswithhisteacher.?
[析]與某人握手要用shakehands.與hand有關(guān)的詞組中有很多要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:changehands(轉(zhuǎn)手、易手),inthehandsof(由……控制),joinhands(與人合作)。?
happen?
[誤]Whatwashappenedtoyoulastmonth??
[正]Whathappenedtoyoulastmonth??
[誤]Anaccidentwashappenedinthisstreetlastnight.?
[正]Anaccidenthappenedinthisstreetlastnight.?
[析]在英語中不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)態(tài),作為"發(fā)生"講的happen,takeplace和breakout都不具有被動(dòng)態(tài)。happento常用來表達(dá)一件偶然發(fā)生的事,如:Ifyouhappentomeetmysisterpleaseaskhertocallme.?
hard?
[誤]Ihavetostudyhardly.?
[正]Ihavetostudyhard.?
[析]hard是形容詞,如:ahardwork,但它同時(shí)也是副詞。hardly是hard的又一副詞形式,但詞意截然不同,意為"幾乎不"。?
[誤]Ihadmylegbrokenlastterm,soIcouldnthardlystudyatall.?
[正]IhadmylegbrokenlasttermsoIhardlystudiedatall.?
[析]hardly意為"否定",所以不要再加否定詞語了,如果hardly用于句首則應(yīng)采用倒裝語序,如:Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenshestartedcomplaining.?
have?
[誤]Ihadmyboydohishomeworkfrommorningtillnoon.?
[正]Ihadmyboydoinghishomeworkfrommorningtillnoon.?
[析]用havesomebodydosomething還是doingsomething要取決句子的意思和句中的時(shí)間狀語。?
[誤]Ihavemybiketorepair.?
[正]Ihavemybikerepaired.?
[析]havesomethingdone這一句型是讓某事被別人去作,請看下面兩句意義的不同:Ihaverepairedmybike.(我自己已修好了自行車。)而Ihavemybikerepaired.(我把車推出去讓別人修理了。)?
[誤]Couldyougivemesomemoneyifyouhave.?
[正]Couldyougivemesomemoneyifyouhaveany.?
[析]"如果你有的話"一句譯為英文應(yīng)加上any一詞,如:Iwantsomebooksifthereisany.?
headache?
[誤]Ivegotheadache.?
[正]Ivegotaheadache.?
[析]Headache是一個(gè)規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞,所以可以講:Mymotheroftengetsheadaches.但是"牙痛"toothache,"肚子痛"stomache?ache等卻都可以用作不可數(shù)名詞,如:Ivegottoothache.但也可用作可數(shù)名詞。?
hear?
[誤]Hewasheardsinginthenextroom.?
[正]Hewasheardtosinginthenextroom.?
[析]hearsomebodydosomething這一句式用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要把原來省略的不定式to還原回來。而在hearsomebodydoingsomething這一句式中則不會出現(xiàn)上述問題。如,主動(dòng)態(tài):Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)態(tài)時(shí)為:Shewasheardsinginginthenextroom.這種用法還適用于see,look,observe,watch,notice,listento等。?
hearlistento?
hear一詞為聽見了什么,或聽到什么,強(qiáng)調(diào)其結(jié)果;而listento則強(qiáng)調(diào)有意要聽,聽的傾向。如:Iwanttolistentoyou,butIhearnothing.?
但詞組hearabout(of)則為"聽說過"之意,如:Iheardaboutthis.(我聽說過此事。)而hearfrom則為"收到某人信件"之意:Ioftenhearfrommygirlfriend.?
help?
[誤]Pleasehelpmyhomework.?
[正]Pleasehelpmedomyhomework.?
[正]Pleasehelpmewithmyhomework.
[析]help其句型是helpsomebodydo(todo)something.意為"幫某人作某事",但在較古老的語法中不帶to的不定式表示句子的主語參加這個(gè)動(dòng)作,如:Hehelphismothercookthemeal.即"他和母親一起作飯。"而Hehelpmetodomyhomework.則是"他指導(dǎo)我做作業(yè)"。但在現(xiàn)代英語中這個(gè)區(qū)別則往往被取消了。所以帶to與不帶to的不定式在句中意思相同,并無區(qū)別。?
[誤]WhenIreadtheplayIcanthelptothinkofmychildhood.?
[正]WhenIreadtheplayIcanthelpthinkingofmychildhood.?
[析]canthelpdoingsomething是"身不由己,情不自禁做某事"。?
[誤]Helpyourselfwithsomecakes.?
[正]Helpyourselftosomecakes.?
[析]中文中講"你自己拿蛋糕吃",英文中要用helpsomebodytosomething.?
here?
[誤]Herethebuscomes!?
[正]Herecomesthebus!?
[析]副詞在句首時(shí)一般要用倒裝語序,即謂語動(dòng)詞的位置前移。但是,若主語如是人稱代詞,則還是要用正常語序,如:Hereweare!?
high?
[誤]Heisveryhigh.?
[正]Heisverytall.?
[析]英語中的兩個(gè)"高"high和tall,其中tall指人指物都是可以的,但high則只指物體的高,所以可以講Thisbuildingisthehighestbuildinginthecity.但tall一般不用來指山脈的高低。?
hit?
[誤]Themothergotangryandhittheboy.?
[正]Themothergotangryandbeattheboy.?
[析]hit指打到某物之上,一般指一次性打擊,如Hehithisheadagainstthewall.(他把頭撞到了墻上。)而beat則指多次性的打擊。?
home?
[誤]Imtired.ItstimeIwenttohome.?
[正]Imtired.ItstimeIwenthome.?
[析]home此處用作副詞,所以不應(yīng)加to,又如:Iarrivedhomeateleventhirtyyesterdayevening.而athome除了"在家"之意外,還有像"在家里一樣"之意。如Makeyourselfathome.(不要拘束就像在家一樣。)?
homehousefamily?
home是指與親人一起居住的地方,可以講aletterfromhome,所以有人解釋home包括住處和家人。而house的側(cè)重點(diǎn)則在建筑物,如Manynewhouseswerebuiltthisyear.family一詞,作為整體講其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),如:Herfamilyisahappyone.而作為家庭成員講時(shí)要用復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞,如:Myfamilyarealllikeswimming.?
homgwork?
[誤]Ihavesomanyhomeworktodotoday.?
[正]Ihavesomuchhomeworkgodotoday.?
[析]homework為不可數(shù)名詞。同樣的詞還有work(work作為"著作"、"作品"、"工廠"講時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞),fun,healthinformation等。?
hope?
[誤]Ihopeyoutobeagoodstudent.?
[正]Ihopeyouwillbeagoodstudent.?
[析]hope一詞不能接賓語再加上賓語補(bǔ)足語,但它可以接不定式作賓語,如:Ihopetobeascientist.而wish卻可以接賓語加賓語補(bǔ)足語,如:Iwishyoutobeagoodstudent.
[誤]Idonthopeyouwillgototheparktomorrow.?
[正]Ihopeyouwontgototheparktomorrow.?
[析]hope和think在否定句中的用法不同,如"我認(rèn)為你錯(cuò)了"。應(yīng)譯為:Idontthinkyouareright.即否定在前。而hope則不能這樣用。又如在答語中"我不這樣認(rèn)為"應(yīng)譯為Idontthinkso.或Ihopenot.?
[誤]Ihopeyourhelp.?jab88.com
[正]Ihopeforyourhelp.?
[析]hopefor為"期望某事發(fā)生",雖然hope是及物動(dòng)詞,但表達(dá)期望某事情發(fā)生要用"hopefor+名詞"這一結(jié)構(gòu)。?
[誤]Iwashopefultopasstheexam.?
[正]Iwashopefulofpassingtheexam.?
[析]對某事存有希望應(yīng)用"hopefulof(about)+介詞賓語"這一結(jié)構(gòu)。?
hospital?
[誤]Mymotherwasinthehospitalfortwoweeks.?
[正]Mymotherwasinhospitalfortwoweeks.?
[析]inhospital為"住院就醫(yī)"。而in(at)thehospital為"在醫(yī)院(工作)"。如:Heisadoctorin(at)thehospital.類似的用法還有很多,如:"上學(xué)"為gotoschool,atschool為"在校就讀",gotobed為"上床睡覺"。?
how?
[誤]Iwanttoknowhowtodo.?
[正]Iwanttoknowhowtodoit.?
[析]how是關(guān)聯(lián)副詞,要注意與關(guān)聯(lián)代詞的不同用法。如:Iwanttoknowwhattodo.
[誤]Howdoyouthinkaboutit??
[正]Whatdoyouthinkaboutit??
[析]英文中表達(dá)你對某事的看法如何應(yīng)用Whatdoyouthinkabout…這一句式。?
hurry?
[誤]Letshurry.Thereisalittletimeleft.?
[正]Letshurry.Thereislittletimeleft.?
[誤]Dontworry.Thereislittletimeleft.?
[正]Dontworry.Thereisalittletimeleft.?
[析]請注意英語中的慣用法:"快點(diǎn)吧,沒時(shí)間了",或"別著急還有一點(diǎn)時(shí)間。"?
[誤]Thecarishurryingthroughthestreet.?
[正]Thecarisrushingthroughtthestreet.?
[析]hurry一詞只用于人而不用于物體。?
hundred?
[誤]Therearetwohundredspeoplehere.?
[正]Therearetwohundredpeoplehere.?
[誤]Therearehundredofpeoplehere.?
[正]Therearehundredsofpeoplehere.
[析]hundred一詞前如有數(shù)字時(shí)不論多少其后都不加?s,這和thousand(千)等數(shù)量詞的用法一樣,而hundredsof是數(shù)百的,這一詞組一定要加?s.?
hurt?
[誤]Idontwanttowoundherfeelings.?
[正]Idontwanttohurtherfeelings.?
[析]wound是指戰(zhàn)場上的刀槍傷(名詞),或用刀槍"傷害"、"打傷"(動(dòng)詞)。
延伸閱讀
2011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(N字母篇)
一般給學(xué)生們上課之前,老師就早早地準(zhǔn)備好了教案課件,大家靜下心來寫教案課件了。只有規(guī)劃好教案課件計(jì)劃,才能更好地安排接下來的工作!哪些范文是適合教案課件?下面是小編幫大家編輯的《2011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(N字母篇)》,歡迎您參考,希望對您有所助益!
2011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(N字母篇)name?
[誤]Shewasnamedofaflower.?
[正]Shewasnamedafteraflower.?
[析]以……命名應(yīng)為nameafter,又如給某人取名應(yīng)為ThefathernamedhissonTom.?
near?
[誤]Wecameneartohithim.?
[正]Wecameneartohittinghim.?
[析]這句話應(yīng)譯為"我們幾乎要打他一頓。"nearto這一用法中to為介詞,其后要接賓語,所以要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。near作介詞時(shí)其后可加to也可不加to,如:Isitnearthedoor,Isitneartothefire.?
bynear?
Welivednearthecity.與Welivedbythecity.兩句話都是對的,但其表達(dá)的意義有所不同,by在表達(dá)距離時(shí)比near更近,所以bythecity是緊靠近某城市。
need?
[誤]Thisroomneedstoclean.?
[正]Thisroomneedstobecleaned.?
[正]Thisroomneedscleaning.?
[析]在表達(dá)某事需要做什么時(shí),need后面如用不定式要用其被動(dòng)態(tài),如接動(dòng)名詞則要用主動(dòng)態(tài)。?
[誤]Weneednottodoit.?
[正]Weneedntdoit.?
[析]need用在否定句、疑問句中一般用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,所以無人稱變化也不加to,而在肯定句中則多用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞,如:Weneedyourhelp.?
neither?
[誤]Noneofmyparentsisateacher.?
[正]Neitherofmyparentsisateacher.?
[析]對兩者的否定不能用none只能用neither,none用于三人以上的情況。?
[誤]Idontdomyhomework.Neitherhedoes.?
[正]Idontdomyhomework.Neitherdoeshe.?
[析]這時(shí)應(yīng)用倒裝句。?
[誤]NeitheryounorIareright.?
[正]NeitheryounorIamright.?
[析]neither…nor…這一句型在應(yīng)用時(shí)其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)以鄰近的主語一致。?
[誤]Neitherhestudiesnorplays.?
[正]Neitherdoeshestudynorplay.?
[析]neither,hardly,seldom等否定詞位于句首時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞采用倒裝形式。
?
never?
[誤]NeverIhavebrokenmyword.?
[正]NeverhaveIbrokenmyword.?
[析]never用于句首時(shí)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,要用倒裝語序。但用于句中一般放于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、或be動(dòng)詞后面,如:Ishallneverforgottheexpressiononherface.Losttimeisneverfoundagain.用于成語中,如:Betterlatethannever.(晚做比不做強(qiáng)。)nevermind沒關(guān)系,如:"Whatdidyousay?""Oh,nevermind."?
news?
[誤]Therearemanynewsabouttheaccident.?
[正]Thereismuchnewsabouttheaccident.?
[析]news是不可數(shù)名詞,它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,如果講一條新聞要用apieceofnews.
newspaper?
[誤]Ireadthenewsontodaysnewspaper.?
[正]Ireadthenewsintodaysnewspaper.?
[析]在報(bào)紙上讀到某一條新聞一定要用介詞in,而onthenewspaper是指把某物放于報(bào)紙之上,如:MayIputthefloweronthisnewspaper??
night?
[誤]Icamehomeverylateyesterdaynight.?
[正]Icamehomeverylatelastnight.?
[析]"昨晚"一般要講lastnight,而不應(yīng)參照"昨天上午、下午、傍晚"的說法yesterdaymorning等套用。?
nonone?
no是個(gè)限定詞,它可以用在可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前,如:Nonewsisgoodnews.但如果名詞前有另一限定詞時(shí)則不能用no,而要用noneof,如Noneofthestudentswashere.?
nonot?
要使句子具有部分否定的意思,我們用not,如:Icanseeyoutomorrow,butnotSunday.如果是全部否定則用no,如Sorry,thereisnotimetotalk.?
Noonenone?
noone與nobody一樣不能接of結(jié)構(gòu),如:Noonewishedmegoodluck.而要用of結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)要用none,如:Noneofmyfriendswishedmegoodluck.?
nor?
[誤]Ineversawthepaintingbefore,ordidIhearofit.?
[正]Ineversawthepaintingbefore,notdidIhearofit.?
[析]注意在表達(dá)"既不……也不……"時(shí)不要用or作連詞,而要用nor,并且要用倒裝語序。?
not?
[誤]Thestudentswenttothepark,butnotheteachers.?
[正]Thestudentswenttothepark,butnottheteachers.?
[析]要使一個(gè)句子或一個(gè)句子的某一部分為否定時(shí)我們要用not,而不用no.?
[誤]Thereisnomylettertoday.?
[正]Thereisnoletterformetoday.?
[析]no是一個(gè)限定詞,用在名詞前時(shí),要注意這個(gè)名詞前應(yīng)沒有冠詞、物主代詞或指示代詞。?
[誤]Henotonlywasawriterbutalsoanactor.?
[正]Hewasnotonlyawriterbutalsoanactor.?
[析]在這一句型中notonly之后的詞與butalso之后的詞類必須一致,否則應(yīng)為錯(cuò)句。如果這一結(jié)構(gòu)用在主語位置,則謂語動(dòng)詞要與butalso后面的主語保持一致,如:NotonlyyoubutalsoIamwrong.?
nothing?
[誤]Nothingbutbooksweresoldhere.?
[正]Nothingbutbookswassoldhere.?
[析]要注意真正的主語是nothing而不是books,所以這一結(jié)構(gòu)在學(xué)生的使用中經(jīng)常出錯(cuò)。
[誤]Ihavenothingtodobuttocry.?
[正]Ihavenothingtodobutcry.?
[析]在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中but后面要用省to的不定式。?
number?
[誤]AnumberofnewscanbeheardonTVtoday.
[正]AlotofnewscanbeheardonTVtoday.?
[析]anumberof后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。?
[誤]Thenumberofstudentsaretenthousand.?
[正]Thenumberofstudentsistenthousand.?
[析]anumberof其意為"大量的",而thenumberof…是"某某的數(shù)量"。即thenumberofstudents意為"學(xué)生人數(shù)",所以要用單數(shù)形式的謂語動(dòng)詞。
2011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(G字母篇)
教案課件是每個(gè)老師工作中上課需要準(zhǔn)備的東西,大家正在計(jì)劃自己的教案課件了。教案課件工作計(jì)劃寫好了之后,這樣接下來工作才會更上一層樓!你們清楚教案課件的范文有哪些呢?以下是小編收集整理的“2011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(G字母篇)”,希望能為您提供更多的參考。
2011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(G字母篇)
game?
[誤]HewenttoAmericatotakepartintheOlympicGame.?
[正]HewenttoAmericatotakepartintheOlympicGames.?
[析]game作為"運(yùn)動(dòng)會"講時(shí)應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式,而具體一個(gè)游戲則可用其單數(shù)形式。如:Ourschoolteamwonthegame.?
German?
[誤]TheyareGermen.?
[正]TheyareGermans.?
[誤]ShecomesfromGerman.?
[正]ShecomesfromGermany.?
[析]German是"德國人"、"德國的"、"德語",其復(fù)數(shù)形式是Germans;而Germany才是德國。?
gather?
[誤]Allthestudentsandteachersaregatheredtogethernow.?
[正]Allthestudentsandteachersaregatherednow.?
[析]用了動(dòng)詞gather就不要再用together了。這句話還可以這樣講:Allthestudentsandteachersgottogether.?
give?
[誤]Shegivesuptolookforthelostbike.?
[正]Shegivesuplookingforthelostbike.?
[析]giveup意為"放棄",其后只接動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語,而不應(yīng)接不定式。
?
glad?
[誤]Hisparentswereverygladforhissuccessinbusiness.?
[正]Hisparentswereverygladofhissuccessinbusiness.?
[正]Hisparentswereverygladtoknowhissuccessinbusiness.?
[析]"為……感到高興"應(yīng)是begladofsomething或begladtodosomething.?
glass?
[誤]Theoldteacherhastwopairofbigglass.?
[正]Theoldteacherhastwopairsofbigglasses.?
[析]glass作為"眼鏡"講,應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,在英語中手套gloves褲子pants,剪刀scissors均用復(fù)數(shù)形式。glass作"玻璃杯"講時(shí)則可用單數(shù)形式或復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:Iwanttwoglassesofmilk.而作為物質(zhì)名詞"玻璃"講則要用作不可數(shù)名詞,如:Theboybroketwopanesofglass.?
go?
[誤]-Mary,couldyoucometomyhomenow??-Yes,Imgoing.?
[正]-Mary,couldyoucometomyhomenow??
-Yes,Imcoming.?
[析]go是指離開說話人所在地,而come指的是朝向說話人的方向:如:Comehere!CanIcomeandhelpyou?但在口語中也有一些例外,如表示要參加到某人或者某件活動(dòng)時(shí)常用come,如:Wearegoingtohaveapartytonight.Wouldyouliketocomewithus??
gonebeen?
HehasgonetoShanghai.指此人已去上海不在此地了。?
HehasbeentoShanghai.指此人去過上?,F(xiàn)已回來了。?
gold?
[誤]Shebrushedhergoldhaircarefully.?
[正]Shebrushedhergoldenhaircarefully.?
[析]gold作形容詞指"金質(zhì)的",如:agoldring,agoldcoin,而golden是"金色的",如:goldenage(金色的時(shí)代),但"金魚"例外,為goldfish。
?
good?
[誤]Ivebeenwaitingforgoodtwentyminutes.?
[正]Ivebeenwaitingforagoodtwentyminutes.?
[析]agood之意為"足足"、"整整"之意。?
goodwell?
Heisgood.應(yīng)譯為"他是個(gè)好人。"而Heiswell.應(yīng)譯為"他身體不錯(cuò)。"Ifeelgood.即精神狀態(tài)良好,而Ifeelwell.即身體狀況不錯(cuò)。?
[誤]Thisfoodisverygoodtoyou.?
[正]Thisfoodisverygoodforyou.?
[析]begoodfor是"對……有利、有好處",而begoodto是指"對待某人不錯(cuò)",如:Yourfriendisverygoodtome.?
grade?
[誤]-Whatgradeareyouin??-Imingrade1.?
[正]-Whatgradeareyouin??-IminGread1.?
[析]當(dāng)泛指那一年級時(shí)grade的頭一個(gè)字母小寫,當(dāng)有具體數(shù)字時(shí)則要大寫。
2011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(C字母篇)
老師會對課本中的主要教學(xué)內(nèi)容整理到教案課件中,大家應(yīng)該要寫教案課件了。我們要寫好教案課件計(jì)劃,才能在以后有序的工作!你們會寫多少教案課件范文呢?急您所急,小編為朋友們了收集和編輯了“2011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(C字母篇)”,歡迎您參考,希望對您有所助益!
2011中考英語考前錯(cuò)題本(C字母篇)
call?
[誤]IllcallatMrBrown.?
[正]IllcallonMrBrown.?
[誤]IllcallonMrBrownshome.?
[正]IllcallatMrBrownshome.?
[析]作"拜訪"講時(shí),at后面接訪問地點(diǎn),而on后面接訪問的人。
?callondropinvisit?
callon比較正式的為公務(wù)的訪問,如:Wewerecalledonbytheoldstudents.而dropin則是比較隨便的走走,順便拜訪,如:Ifyourefree,dropin.而visit則是更正式的外交訪問或友好往來,如:MyschoolsheadmasterwillvisitAmericanextweek.?
can?
[誤]Ablindmancannotjudgecolours.?
[正]Ablindmancannotjudgecolours.?
[誤]Icanntcallforyouatten.?
[正]Icantcallforyouatten.?
[析]can的否定形式應(yīng)為cannot或cant.?
[誤]Itsonlysixoclock.Thatmustntbethepostman.?
[正]Itsonlysixoclock.Thatcantbethepostman.?
[析]must用來表示一種肯定的推斷,如:Shemusthavesomeproblems.Shekeepscrying.但在否定句中則要用cant,要表示對過去的推測則要用"must+have+過去分詞"的表達(dá)法,如:Thelightshavegoneout.Afusemusthaveblown.而對過去的否定推測則多用"?cant?+have+過去分詞",如:Idontthinkhecanhaveheardyou.Callagain.?
[誤]Wecouldnothelptolaughatonce.?
[正]Wecouldnothelplaughingatonce.?
[正]Wecouldnothelpbutlaughatonce.?
[析]"couldnthelp+動(dòng)名詞"表示禁不住做了某事。但couldnothelpbut與couldnotbut后面要加不帶to的不定式,意思都是不得不去做某事.如:Youcouldnot(help)butrespecthim.?
canbeableto?
can與beableto都可以用來表示能力,但can只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過去時(shí),beableto則可用任何時(shí)態(tài),如:Hewillbeabletoteachthechild.但要表示經(jīng)過努力而達(dá)到的一次性動(dòng)作則只能用beableto,如:Hefinallywasabletojumpover2?10meters.或:Theplanewasabletoflyoverthemountain.但要注意的是這兩個(gè)詞都沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),而beableto后面不接不定式的被動(dòng)態(tài)。?
cancould?
can與could都可以用在現(xiàn)在時(shí)的口語中,只是用could更為禮貌,語氣更委婉。如:Couldyoutellusastory?
care?
[誤]Idontcarecoffee.?
[正]Idontcareforcoffee.?
[誤]Takecareforyoursteps.?
[正]Takecareofyoursteps.?
[析]carefor是"對某物感興趣",而careof是"關(guān)心,要當(dāng)心某事",如:Shedidntcareforhim.Takecareofwhatyouaredoing.?
[誤]Idontcarewherewewillgoifitdoesntrain.?
[正]Idontcarewherewegoifitdoesntrain.?
[析]在itdoesntmatter,Idontcare,Idontmind,及incase引出的狀語從句后面要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。如:Ivegotafootballincasewehavetimeforagame.
change?
[誤]Iwanttochangemycamerawiththatone.?
[正]Iwanttochangemycameraforthatone.?
[析]changefor為"以某物為交換物"。而changewith則是"隨……而變",如:Thewoodscolourchangedwiththeseason.?
cheap?
[誤]Ateacherssalaryisgenerallyverycheap.?
[正]Ateacherssalaryisgenerallyverylow.?
[析]工資的高低要用low,cheap是指價(jià)格便宜,如果要講物美價(jià)廉則要用notexpensive,如:Thiscarisnotexpensive.?
choose?
[誤]WeeachhadtohaveachooseofAorB.?
[正]WeeachhadtohaveachoiceofAorB.?
[析]choice是名詞,而choose是動(dòng)詞。?
class?
[誤]TheclassiswatchingTV.?
[正]TheclassarewatchingTV.?
[析]class作主語時(shí),如果作為整體講則應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式的謂語動(dòng)詞,如:Theclasswasmorethanfortyinnumber.如考慮到具體的每個(gè)成員時(shí)則應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語動(dòng)詞,如:Theclassare,ingeneral,verybright.?
clean?
[誤]Sorry,Ididntboughtithere.Icleanlyforgot.?
[正]Sorry,Ididntboughtithere.Icleanforgot.?
[析]clean可以作為副詞講,其意為"完全",而cleanly則意為"正確地"、"干凈利落地",如:Theknifedoesntcutcleanly.而clean作為形容詞講時(shí)意為"清潔的"、"干凈的",如:Herfaceisnotcleannow.?
clever
[誤]ImnotcleverinEnglish.?
[正]ImnotcleveratEnglish.?
[析]cleverat是固定搭配,表示在某方面有特長。?
close?
[誤]Itiscoldoutside.Pleasekeepthedoorclose.?
[正]Itiscoldoutside.Pleasekeepthedoorclosed.?
[析]這里的close是動(dòng)詞,意為"關(guān)閉",而keep后要加形容詞,所以要用close的過去分詞形式closed作形容詞。作形容詞用的close意為"近的"、"親密的"。?
[誤]ComecloselysothatIcanseeyou.?
[正]ComeclosesothatIcanseeyou.?
[誤]Goodteachingandgoodtestingarecloserelated.?
[正]Goodteachingandgoodtestingarecloselyrelated.?
[析]close,closely同樣可以作副詞用,但其意義不同,close是"靠近"、"接近"之意,而closely則是"緊密"、"嚴(yán)密"、"密切"之意。?
[誤]Myschoolwasquiteclosefrommyhome.?
[正]Myschoolwasquiteclosetomyhome.?
[析]"與……接近"是closeto…,例如:?
Hewasclosetofifty.?
Thereisabus?stopclosetothestation.?
closeshutturn?
shut與close是同義詞,如closethedoor或shutthedoor.但要講把某人關(guān)在門外時(shí)則只能用shutsomebodyout而不能用close,因shut語氣較強(qiáng),并含有隔離之意。而turnoff是指關(guān)上電視、電燈、煤氣之類,有切斷之意。?
cloth?
[誤]Thechildrenwearverygoodclothtogotoschool.?
[正]Thechildrenwearverygoodclothestogotoschool.?
[誤]Ineedalotofclothing.?
Imgoingtomakeanewcloth.?
[正]Ineedalotofcloth.?
Imgoingtomakeanewdress.?
[析]cloth是"布"、"布料",沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。一塊布料是apieceofcloth,而clothes統(tǒng)指衣服,是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,"一套衣服"要講asuitofclothes,如果是"一件件衣服"應(yīng)講shirt,dress,sweater等。而clothing是衣物的總稱,是不可數(shù)名詞。例如:Thisclothingisneededinwarmcountries.Herclothesaremadeoffinecloth.?英語中的dress是指比較正式的服裝,如aschooldress(校服),astudentdress(學(xué)生套裝),aworkingdress(工作服)。?
coffee?
[誤]Pleasegivemetwowaters.?
[正]Pleasegivemetwocoffees.?
[正]Pleasegivemetwocupsofwater.?
[析]雖然coffee,water,tea等都是物質(zhì)名詞,但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee,而其他的卻不行,其前要加acupof或aglassof.?
colour(color)?
[誤]Coloursofflowersarered,yellowandwhite.?
[正]Flowersarered,yellowandwhite.?
[析]中文的"花的顏色有紅色、黃色和白色",若譯為英文Coloursofflowersare…,就顯得重復(fù)了。?
[誤]Ilikegreencolour.?
[正]Ilikegreen.?
[正]Ilikecolourgreen.?
[析]colourgreen中的colour是green的同位語,所以這種說話方式英語是可以接受的。?
come?
[誤]Icameacrosswithanoldfriendinthestreetyesterday.?
[正]Icameacrossanoldfriendinthestreetyesterday.?
[析]comeacross是"偶然碰見、遇見",要直接加賓語,如:Ivejustcomeacrossabeautifulpoeminthismagazine.?
[誤]Wheredoyoucomefrom??
Icomefromthestation.?
[正]Wheredidyoucomefrom??
Icamefromthestation.?
[正]Wheredoyoucomefrom??
IcomefromChina.?
[析]Wheredoyoucomefrom?意為"你是什么地方的人?"?而Wheredidyoucomefrom?則是"你從何處來?"?
[誤]Thestarsarecomingoutfromthecloud.?
[正]Thestarsarecomingoutofthecloud.?
[析]comeoutof意為"從……地方出來"。?
comeincomeintoenter?
comein與comeinto的意義相同,但comeinto后面要加賓語,而comein后面不用賓語。如Ifoundsomeonecameintomyroom.Thedooropenedandthechildcamein.?
enter常作為及物動(dòng)詞使用,如:ThebusenteredtheEnglishtunnel.?
congratulate?
[誤]Iwanttocongratulateyouforyoursuccesswithallmyheart.?
[正]Iwanttocongratulateyouonyoursuccesswithallmyheart.?
[析]動(dòng)詞congratulatesomebodyonsomething是"向某人祝賀某事"。其名詞congratulation在用時(shí)一般要用復(fù)數(shù),如:Iofferedhimmycongratulationsonhissuccess.
又如:Congratulations!?
cook?
[誤]Myfatherisagoodcooker.?
[正]Myfatherisagoodcook.?
[析]很多動(dòng)詞加上?er則變?yōu)閳?zhí)行該動(dòng)作的一種人,如work?worker,teach?teacher.但cook即是動(dòng)詞"做飯",同時(shí)名詞也是"廚師"。而cooker則是"廚具"、"炊具"之意。如:Iwillcookthedinner.Iboughtagoodpresscooker(高壓鍋)。?
corner?
[誤]Thereisapostofficeinthecornerofthestreet.?
[正]Thereisapostofficeatthecornerofthestreet.?
[誤]Agirlsatatthecorneroftheroom.?
[正]Agirlsatinthecorneroftheroom.?
[析]inthecorner是在建筑物內(nèi)部的角上,而atthecorner是在外部的角上,如:Thereisabigtreeatthecornerofthebuilding.?
cost?
[誤]Icosttendollarsforthebook.?
[正]Ispenttendollarsonthebook.?
[誤]Icosttwohourstodomyhomework.?
[正]Ittookmetwohourstodomyhomework.?
[析]cost,spend.take都可以作"花費(fèi)"講,但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+時(shí)間或金錢",如:Thebookcostmetendollars.spend的用法是"somebody+spend+時(shí)間+(in)doingsomething",如:Ispenttwohours(in)writingthisbook.或"somebody+spend+金錢+onsomething",如:Ispendtwodollarsonthisbook.而take的用法則要用邏輯主語it:"It+takes+somebody+時(shí)間+todosomething",如:Ittookmeanhourtocleantheclassroom.?
country?
[誤]Youcanfindcowsinacountry.?
[正]Youcanfindcowsinthecountry.?
[析]country即可作"國家"講,也可作"農(nóng)村"講。當(dāng)作"農(nóng)村"講時(shí),一定要加定冠詞,而且只有單數(shù)形式。例如:?
[誤]Farmersliveinthecountries.?
[正]Farmersliveinthecountry.?
[析]但作為"國家"講時(shí)則可有單、復(fù)數(shù)形式,例如:JapanisanAsiancountry.Japan,China,andIndiaareAsiancountries.另外,country一般指的是地理概念上的國家,如:NewZealandisanagriculturalcountry.而nation多指民族組成的國家,如:TheChinesenation(中華民族)。state多側(cè)重于政權(quán)方面的區(qū)域、國家范圍,如:thestatefarm(國營農(nóng)場)。?
cross?
[誤]Therearetrafficlightsatthecross.?
[正]Therearetrafficlightsatthecrossing.?
[析]cross作為名詞講時(shí)是十字架、十字形的東西,如:RedCross(紅十字會)。?
[誤]Thelittleboyisgoingtoacrossthestreet.?
[正]Thelittleboyisgoingtocrossthestreet.?
[析]across是副詞或介詞,但不能作動(dòng)詞用。?
crosspass?
cross是指橫過某地,如:Hecrossedthesquare.而pass則強(qiáng)調(diào)從某物體旁經(jīng)過,如:ImailedsomeletterswhenIpassedthepostoffice.?
crowd?
[誤]Theroomsoonwascrowdedbypeople.?
[正]Theroomsoonwascrowdedwithpeople.?
[析]crowded在這句話中應(yīng)作為形容詞,所以這句話不是被動(dòng)語態(tài)而是系表結(jié)構(gòu),如:Theroomwascrowdedwithbooks.?
cup?
[誤]Asilverglasswasgiventothewinner.?
[正]Asilvercupwasgiventothewinner.?
[誤]Mymotherwaslookingforthewhiskycup.?
[正]Mymotherwaslookingforthewhiskyglass.?
[析]glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿,而cup多指用陶瓷或金屬制成的杯子,且cup尤其用在獎(jiǎng)杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子,如我們講Idrinkaglassofwineatsupper.而不講Idrinkacupofwineatsupper.