高中英語(yǔ)必修二教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2020-11-20高二英語(yǔ) First aid 知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理。
高二英語(yǔ)Firstaid知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
Teachingaims
通過(guò)本單元的教學(xué),學(xué)生了解有關(guān)急救的常識(shí),在生活中如何處理一些突發(fā)事件,然后實(shí)施緊急救護(hù)等總結(jié),歸納情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法,如:should/shouldn’t;must/mustn’t;oughtto等表示義務(wù)和責(zé)任的用法。
Teachingimportantanddifficultpoints
1.Words
knee,still,bite(bit,bitten/bit),lay(laid,laid),mouth-to-mouth,bum,cut,electric,containerpool,breathe,within,handkerchief,wound,safety,wire,guard,sideway,firm,firmlywherever,stomach,injure,injured,injury,poison,quantity,nearby
2.Phrases
firstaid,oughtto,medicalcare,bymistake,payattentionto,inashortwhile,dealwith,takeiteasy,runningwater,outofone’sreach,throwup,holdup
3.Usefulexpressions
Wemustcarryhertothesideoftheroad.
Youmustn’tmovesomeoneiftheyarebadlyhurt.
Parentsshouldknowsomefirstaid.
Youshouldn’tgetupifyouarebadlyhurt.
Ioughttogohome.
Ihavetocooksupperformygrandmother.
4.Grammar
ReviseModalVerbs:must,should
StudyModalVerb:oughtto
教學(xué)建議
課文建議
教師安排中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)聯(lián)盟聲朗讀課文,理解課文含義,通過(guò)閱讀,教師對(duì)學(xué)生可小組討論,提問(wèn),口語(yǔ)練習(xí),復(fù)述急救方法等,教師給學(xué)生展示幾組圖片,幫助學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)一般的急救措施和家庭安全常識(shí)。
寫(xiě)作建議
教師布置學(xué)生寫(xiě)作的題目及要求,教師給學(xué)生幾分鐘時(shí)間進(jìn)行討論,教師給學(xué)生一些關(guān)鍵的詞語(yǔ),如:breathe,FirstAidCentre,handkerchief,mouth-tomouthsoon.之后,教師給學(xué)生十分鐘左右時(shí)間開(kāi)始寫(xiě),最后教師請(qǐng)幾位同學(xué)朗讀,教師給予講評(píng)。
教材分析
本單元是圍繞Firstaid,Safetyinthehome,展開(kāi)話(huà)題。對(duì)話(huà)課中描述兩個(gè)學(xué)生在街上看到一個(gè)女孩從自行車(chē)上摔下來(lái)的經(jīng)過(guò),同時(shí)對(duì)話(huà)中使用了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法,課文中附有圖片和口語(yǔ)練習(xí),幫助學(xué)生了解急救的重要性及有關(guān)的常識(shí)。
重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn):
1.Whatshouldyoudoifapersonhasdrunkpoisonbymistake?假如有人誤喝了毒藥,你怎么辦?
bymistake是固定詞組,意為“錯(cuò)誤地”,“無(wú)心地(做錯(cuò)了事)”。例如:
Sheputsaltinhercupofcoffeebymistake.她錯(cuò)將鹽放入咖啡里了。
2.dowith,dealwith
二者都可以用來(lái)表示“處理”的意思
但是用于特殊疑問(wèn)句的時(shí)候dowith與what連用;dealwith則與how連用。例如:
你會(huì)怎樣處理一個(gè)從自行車(chē)上摔倒而嚴(yán)重受傷的?
另外,dowith還可表達(dá)別的意思。例如:[正能量句子 www.277433.cOm]
Whatdidyoudowithmyumbrella?(=Wheredidyouputmyumbrella?)
你把我的傘放到哪里去了?
Whatarewetodowiththisnaughtyboy?(=Howarewetodealwiththisnaughtyboy?)我們?cè)撛鯓犹幹眠@個(gè)頑皮的男孩?
3.knockat,knockdown&knockinto的區(qū)別
knockat指“敲打門(mén)窗”
Iheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor.我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人敲門(mén)。
Tomtriedknockingatthewindow.湯姆試著敲了敲窗戶(hù)。
knockdown指“……撞倒”
Henearlyknockedmedownatthecorner.在拐角處,他幾乎把我撞倒。
Hewasknockeddownbyacar.他被汽車(chē)撞倒了。
knockinto指“碰倒,撞上某人”,也可指“偶然碰見(jiàn)”。
Thechildknockedintotheteacher.那孩子撞到了老師身上。
Heknockedintothechairinthedark.黑暗中他撞在了椅子上。
Hedidntexpecttoknockintosomeofhisfriendshere.他沒(méi)有想到在這兒遇見(jiàn)一些朋友。
4.ask,demand,inquire,question&require
1)ask是一個(gè)常用詞,表示“問(wèn)”的意思。
Didyouaskthepriceofthatten-speedbicycle?你打聽(tīng)過(guò)那輛十速自行車(chē)的價(jià)錢(qián)了嗎?
2)demand含有強(qiáng)硬、斷然的意味。
Idemandthatyouleavethisplaceatonce.我要求你立即離開(kāi)此地。
3)inquire多用于較正式的語(yǔ)體,通常只表示打聽(tīng)消息,尋求答案。
Heinquiredofthegirlthewaytotherailwaystation.他問(wèn)那女孩到火車(chē)站怎么走。
4)question常表示一連串問(wèn)題,有時(shí)則有盤(pán)問(wèn),審問(wèn)之意。
①Thequestioningoftheprisonerwentonforhours.對(duì)那個(gè)囚犯的審訊延續(xù)了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。
5)require有按照權(quán)利來(lái)“要求”或“命令”之意。
Sincehewasinvolvedinthecase,thecourtrequiredhisappearance.由于他與此案有關(guān),法庭令他出庭。
5.breathe&breath
1)breathe是動(dòng)詞,是“呼吸”的意思。
Hewasbreathinghard/heavilyafterracingforthetrain.他跑著趕上了火車(chē),吃力地喘著氣。
Itisgoodtobreathefreshcountryairinsteadofcitysmoke.呼吸鄉(xiāng)間新聞空氣而不吸入城市煙塵是有益的。
▲注意以下幾個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)的意思:
1)Icantconcentratewithyoubreathingdownmyneck.你這樣緊緊叮著我,使我精神無(wú)法集中。
2)Promisemeyouwontbreatheawordofthistoanyone.答應(yīng)我別將此事泄漏給任何人。
3)Thenewmanagerhasbreathedfreshlifeintothecompany.新經(jīng)理給公司帶來(lái)了朝氣。
2)breath是名詞,也作“呼吸”解。
1)Youcanseepeoplesbreathonacoldday.冷天能看到人們呼出的空氣。
2)Hisbreathsmeltofgarlic.他呼出氣中有蒜味。
▲注意以下習(xí)語(yǔ)的意思:
①Hersmileisabreathoffreshairinthisgloomyoffice.她的微笑給沉悶的辦公室?guī)?lái)生氣。
②Religionisthebreathoflifeforher.宗教對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)是不可缺少的精神支柱。
③Ittookusafewminutestogetourbreathbackaftertherace.賽跑后我們用了好幾分鐘才恢復(fù)了正常呼吸。
④Theaudienceheldtheirbreathastheacrobatwalkedalongthetightrope.雜技演員走鋼絲時(shí),觀眾們都屏住了呼吸。
⑤Hisheartconditionmakeshimshort(out)ofbreath.他心臟狀況不佳使他呼吸急。
⑥Helosthisbreathinrunning.由于奔跑他幾乎喘不上氣。
語(yǔ)法:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(ModalVerbs)
1)must
A.表示必須要干的事。如:
Wemustobeytherules.我們必須遵守規(guī)則。
Youmustn’ttalklikethat.你可不能那樣說(shuō)話(huà)。
must也可以表達(dá)過(guò)去情況,主要用于間接引語(yǔ)中。
Shesaidthatwemustwaitalittlewhile.她說(shuō)我們必須要等一會(huì)兒。
B.表示一種推測(cè)(只用于肯定句中,語(yǔ)氣比may要肯定得多)。
musthave則表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)。例如:
ThismustbeTom’sroom.這準(zhǔn)是Tom的房間。
Jackmusthavegonethere,hasn’the?/didn’the?杰克準(zhǔn)是去過(guò)那兒了,對(duì)不對(duì)?
C.比較:haveto也表示“必須”,但haveto更強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要,must著重說(shuō)明主觀看法。如:
Wehadtobethereat10o’clock.我們得在10點(diǎn)到那兒。(客觀需要)
Wemustbebackbefore10o’clock.我們必須10點(diǎn)前回來(lái)。(主觀認(rèn)為)
有時(shí)也可互換:
Wemust/havetoleavenow.我們得走了。
must和haveto的否定式即mustn’t和don’thaveto意思完全不同。Mustn’t表示“不作某事”,有禁止的含義;don’thaveto表示“不必要(作某事)”,含有“客觀上無(wú)此必要”的意思。例如:
Youmustn’tmovesomeoneifthepersonisbadlyhurt.如果這人受了重傷,你一定不要?jiǎng)铀?/p>
Thepersonisn’thurtatall.Youdon’thavetogivehimfirstaid.這個(gè)人根本就沒(méi)有受傷,你不必給他進(jìn)行急救。
延伸閱讀
高二英語(yǔ)Unit 5 First aid全單元教案
Unit5Firstaid
TeachingGoals
1.Talkaboutfirstaidandmedicine.
2.Practicetalkingaboutwhatyoushouldandshouldnotdo.
3.LearntousetheSubjunctiveMood(2).
4.Writeaprocessparagraph.
Teachingtimes:Periods
TheFirstPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.Learnandmastersomeusefulwordsandphrases.
TeachingProcedures:
StepⅠWordsStudy
1.drownvi.﹠vt.
e.g.Docatsdrowneasily?(drown:dieinwater)
Cheersdrownedhisvoice.(drown:soundbelouderorstrongerthan…)
2.catchfire:begintoburn
beonfire:beburning
e.g.Thehousecaughtfirelastnight.
Thehouseisonfire.
注:catchfire強(qiáng)調(diào)著火的動(dòng)作,為瞬間動(dòng)詞詞組,不可和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,無(wú)被動(dòng)形式;beonfire表靜態(tài),作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),可與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
Ex:Theforestcaughtfirelastweek.Itisstillonfire.
復(fù)習(xí):1).setfiretosth./setsth.onfire
e.g.Therobberssetfiretothebankafterrobbing.
2).playwithfire
3).gothroughfireandwater(for)為…赴湯蹈火
4).beonfirefor對(duì)…充滿(mǎn)熱情
5).firen.v.著火,開(kāi)槍?zhuān)_(kāi)除(dismiss)
firework煙火,煙火晚會(huì)fireplace火爐fireman/firefighter消防員fireescape太平梯
3.containern.容器containvt.包含,容納containmentn.包含
contain/include
e.g.Thebookcontains10units.
Thebookdoesn’tincludeUnit11.
Sixwerekilled,includingtheboy.(連那小孩在內(nèi)六人喪生。)
2.electricaladj.電的,與電有關(guān)的(of/concernedwithelectricity)
electricityn.電流electricadj.發(fā)電的,使用電的(usingelectricalpower)electronicadj.電子的
e.g.Iwanttobuyanelectricfan.(可不講)
Thismachinehasanelectricalfault.這臺(tái)機(jī)器有電器故障。
5.upsiden.上邊,上部downsiderightsideleftside
upside-downadj/adv
1).上下翻轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)
e.g.holdabookupside-down倒拿著書(shū)
2).口>亂七八糟的,毫無(wú)條理的
e.g.Hehasanupside-downwayofdoingthings.他做事毫無(wú)條理。
Burglarshadturnedthehouseupside-down..竊賊把房子翻得亂七八糟。
6.witness
1).V.e.g.Wewerewitnessingthemostimportantscientificdevelopmentofthecentury.
我們親眼目睹了本世紀(jì)最重要的科學(xué)進(jìn)展。(目睹)
Thegirlwitnessedtothetruthofthestatement.witnesstosth.
那女孩證明那些言語(yǔ)屬實(shí)。(作證)
2).N.e.g.Iwasawitnesstotheirquarrel.(目擊者)
Thewitnesswasquestionedagainandagain.(證人)
7.keepinmind
keep/bear/havesthinmind:remembersth
e.g.Shedoesn’tseemtokeepthematterinmind.
相關(guān)短語(yǔ):
changeone’smind
e.g.Nothingwillmakemechangemymind.
makeupone’smind
e.g.I’vemadeupmymindtobeadoctor.
keepintouchwith
e.g.Ikeepintouchwithmyfriendbyinternet.
keepinwith和…保持友誼
e.g.Shestillkeepsinwithherformerhusband.
8.calmcalmlyadv.calmnessn.
1).adj.
e.g.Itisimportanttokeep/staycalminanemergency.
2).n.
e.g.thecalmbeforethestorm
3).v.calmsb.(down)
e.g.Justcalmdownabit!你先靜一靜。
Haveabrandy(白蘭地)----it’llhelptocalmyoudown.
9.panicpanickyadj.
1).n.e.g.IgotintoapanicwhenIfoundthedoorwaslocked.
2).v.(panicked,panicked)e.g.Thegunfirepanickedthehorse.
10.responsen.respondv.respondentn.(law)被告,(尤指離婚案件)注:responsibility
e.g.Shemadenoresponse.她沒(méi)有回答。
Hercriesforhelpmetwithno/some/litter…response.她那求救的呼聲沒(méi)有激起任何/激起一些/沒(méi)有激起什么…反映。
11.consciousadj.consciouslyadv.consciousnessn.知覺(jué)
e.g.Shespoketousinherconsciousmoments.Conscious:清醒
Hewasconsciousofbeingwatched/thatheisbeingwatched.(beconsciousofsth./that…)察覺(jué)的
他察覺(jué)有人在監(jiān)視他。
Ihadtomakeaconsciouseffortnottoberudetohim.Conscious:蓄意的
我得刻意約束自己不要對(duì)他粗魯。
Trytomaketheworkersmorepoliticallyconscious.Conscious:對(duì)所提到的事物具有深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)興趣
努力提高工人的政治覺(jué)悟。
12.tipv.
1).tipn.尖端,小部分,小物件v.給某物裝上尖頭,置于某物頂端
(havesth.)onthetipofone’stongue
thetipoftheiceberg重要情況,重大問(wèn)題等顯露出的小部分
e.g.Hisnameisonthetipofmytongue,butIjustcan’tthinkof.
Thelegsofthetableweretippedwithrubber.桌子腿裝上了橡皮頭。
2).tipv.(tippedtipped)
e.g.Don’tleanonthetableorit’lltipup.
Tiptheboxupandemptyit.把盒子翻過(guò)來(lái)倒空。
Careful!You’lltiptheboatover.把船弄翻了。
Norubbishtobetippedhere./Notipping.禁止倒垃圾。
tipn.垃圾棄置場(chǎng)
e.g.Theirhouseisanabsolutetip.他們家簡(jiǎn)直是個(gè)垃圾堆。
3).tipv.
e.g.Shejusttippedtheballoverthenet.Tip:輕拍/打/敲
Hetipthedriver5Yuan.Tip:給…小費(fèi)
She’sbeentippedforpromotion.有人認(rèn)為她最可能得到提升。Tip:可能成功
Someonetippedoffthepoliceabouttherobbery.Tip:事先給某人警告或暗示
tipn.
e.g.Heleftatipunderhisplate.Tip:小費(fèi)
TheteachergivesstudentssometipsabouthowtostudyEnglish.Tip:有用的小建議
13.circulatev.
circulationn.流傳,傳播(不可數(shù));發(fā)行額,銷(xiāo)售量(可數(shù));血液循環(huán)(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))
e.g.have(a)good/badcirculation
14.pulseplusprep.加上
15.wound/injure/hurt
1).Wound指外界暴力引起身體“創(chuàng)傷”,尤指刀傷,槍傷,劍傷;而injure/hurt指意外事故受傷。
2).身體內(nèi)部受傷不能用wound只能用hurt/injure
3).E.g.Myleftfoothurt.我左腳痛。
Isawaninjured/awoundedman.我看見(jiàn)一個(gè)受傷的人。
hurt可以做不及物動(dòng)詞,表示“疼痛”;injured/wounded可作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),hurt只能作表語(yǔ)
16.rollover不及物動(dòng)詞詞組
e.g.Thecarwasoutofcontrolandrolledoverdowntotheriver.
Theyearsrollon.歲月流逝。
Rolltheballtome.把球滾給我。
其他詞組:get…rolling…使…取得進(jìn)展;keeptheballtorolling使保持活躍;
rollin大量涌來(lái);starttheballrolling使活躍起來(lái)
17.suddenadj.suddenlyadv.
e.g.Theyheardasuddencryandwonderedwhatwasthematter.
他們聽(tīng)到突如其來(lái)的叫喊聲,不知道出了什么事。
allofasudden突然,冷不防suddendeath暴死
18.inhonorof(=insb’s/sth’shonor):outofrespectforab/sth
e.g.Thisisaceremonyinhonorofthesekilledinbattle.
這是為紀(jì)念陣亡戰(zhàn)士而舉行的儀式。
相關(guān)短語(yǔ):anhonortosb./sth.給…增光的人/事
e.g.LiuXiangisanhonortoChina.
in…of:inpraiseof贊美;inneedof需要;inplaceof代替;incaseof萬(wàn)一;infrontof在…(內(nèi)部)前面;inthefrontof在…(外部)前面;infavorof支持
19.tap
tapn.tapv.從…中放出液體
e.g.Don’tleavethetapsrunning.
Hetapsoffsomecider.他倒了些蘋(píng)果酒。
tapn.輕快的敲擊聲tapv.(tapped,tapped)輕拍某人/物
e.g.Theyheardatapatthedoor.
Hetappedtheboxwithastick.tapsth./sb.withsth./sb.
Sheistappingherfingersonthetable.tapsth.onsth.
Who’sthattappingatthewindow?tapsth.atsth.
20.incase/incaseof/inthecaseof
incase以防萬(wàn)一,假如
e.g.Incaseitrains,wewon’tbeabletogothereonfoot.假如下雨,我們就不能步行去那里。
(incase引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或是一般過(guò)去時(shí)表將來(lái))
incaseof萬(wàn)一,要是(可能性不大)
e.g.Incaseoffire,ringthealarmbell.如遇火警,則按警鈴。
inthecaseof就…而言
e.g.It’sthekindofstorywethinkofasmyth.Butinthecaseofhim,thestoryistrue.
我們把這類(lèi)故事視為神話(huà),但就他來(lái)說(shuō),這故事卻是真實(shí)的。
注:incaseof/inthecaseof+n./pron.不接從句
incase+從句
e.g.Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.
Incaseofdanger,youmustbecalm.
StepⅡHomework
給出幾種情況(drowning;trafficaccident;burns;bleeding;cuts;choking;bites),把學(xué)生分組抽簽。把遇到以上情況該做的和不該做的寫(xiě)在小卡片上。
====================================================
TheSecondPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.Trainthestudents’listeningability.
2.Helpthestudentstoimprovetheirspeakingabilitybytalkingaboutfirstaidandmedicine.
3.Teachsomeusefultipsaboutfirstaids.
TeachingProcedures:
StepⅠWarmingup
1.Askstudentsthefollowingquestions.
1).Haveyoueverseenatrafficaccident?
2).Haveyoueverseenatrafficaccident?
3).Doyouknowanybodybittenbyapoisonoussnake?
4).Whatdidyoudowhenithappened?
5).Whatdothesixpicturesinthebooktellus?
(根據(jù)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行深入討論)
2.Askthegroupsofstudentstogivetheirtipsonthesixsituations.Thenasktherestofthemtojudgetheirdoings.
3.AskSs“Whatcouldwedotopreventtheseaccidents?”
Alwaysbecareful;preparewellbeforedoit.(Answers:Teacher’sbookPage169)
StepⅡListening
AskSstoseethepictureatfirstandthenguesswhathappenedonthesetwopictures.
Playthetapeforfourtimes:
1.Justlisten;2.DoEx.1;3.DoEx.2;4.DoEx.3;
StepⅢSpeaking
T:Noplaceissafeatall,eveninourhome.Doyouknow:
1).Whataccidentsoftenhappenathome?
2).Whatshouldwedobesafeathome?
3).Whatweshouldn’tdo?
StepⅣHomework:AskSstomakeadialogue,usingtheusefulexpressions.(justchooseonesituation)
Languagepoints:
1.aid/help/assistance
aid:表示經(jīng)濟(jì)或其他方面給予的幫助或援助,多指強(qiáng)者(或足夠者)援助弱者,多用于團(tuán)體。
help:指給人精神或物質(zhì)上的幫助,墻角受助者的需要,有利于達(dá)到一定的目的或目標(biāo)。
assistance:多指?jìng)€(gè)人給予道義,知識(shí),物質(zhì)等方面的幫助,所提供的幫助往往只起輔助作用。
e.g.Wehelp/aideachotherandlearnfromeachother.
Whenallassist,thejobcanbedonequickly.如果大家都幫忙,這項(xiàng)工作很快就能完成。
2.makesure:findoutwhethersth.isdefinitelyso.
1).makesureofsth./doingsth.
e.g.You’dbettermakesureofthetimeandplace.
Canyoumakesureofsuccess?你能確保成功嗎?
2).makesurethat
e.g.Beforeyouleavethelab,makesurethatthedoorislocked.
3.reach夠得著
e.g.Theappleistoohigh.Ican’treachit.
=================================================
TheThird—FourthPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.ImprovetheSs’readingability.
2.LettheSsknowmoreaboutfirstaid.
3.HelptheSstomasterthenewwordsandexpressions.
TeachingProcedures:
StepⅠLead-instayawayfrom避開(kāi);staybehind留下不走;stayfor/to留下(吃飯)
stayin留在家里(不出去),留在學(xué)校不回家(作為一種懲罰);stayon繼續(xù)呆下去;stayout在外面不回來(lái);stayup不睡覺(jué),沒(méi)有倒塌(下沉)
2).calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的;v.使鎮(zhèn)靜,使沉著
a.作adj,
calm/quiet/silent/still表示“靜”的區(qū)別:
quiet寂靜的,安靜的。強(qiáng)調(diào)外在的安靜,無(wú)吵鬧,噪音。
silent安靜,側(cè)重沒(méi)有人聲的,沉默的
calm既可指人有可指外界環(huán)境,既可指內(nèi)在的也可指外在的
still不動(dòng)的,強(qiáng)調(diào)無(wú)動(dòng)作,無(wú)姿勢(shì)的改變。
b.作v.
e.g.Justcalmdownabitandeverythingwillbeallright.沉著點(diǎn),以前都會(huì)好起來(lái)的。
類(lèi)似的形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化動(dòng)詞的還有:
形容詞動(dòng)詞
clean清潔的使清潔
clear干凈的清除
dirty骯臟的弄臟
dry干燥的使干燥
empty空的倒空
free自由的使自由
slow慢的放慢
warm暖和的使緩和
9.ontheway&intheway
intheway障礙(阻止你到想去的地方的人或物);ontheway在途中
e.g.Pleasedontstandinthekitchendoor—you’reintheway.你擋了我的路。
Let’snotstoptoooftenontheway.咱們別老在途中停留了。
其他詞組:bytheway順便提一下;onthe(one’s)wayto去…的路上;inthis(that)way這樣(那樣);bywayof途徑;ina(one)way在某種程度上
10.answer/reply/respond
answer指以口頭,書(shū)面或其他方式回答或反應(yīng)
reply正式用詞,多表示經(jīng)過(guò)考慮,一一答復(fù)所提的問(wèn)題或論點(diǎn)
respond正式用詞,表示“回答”用得較少,多指對(duì)外界刺激迅速而自然地作出反應(yīng)
11.pressn.壓,按,印刷,壓力,新聞;vt&vi壓,壓榨,逼迫,擁擠,受壓
e.g.Hepressthedoorbell.
Justpressthisbutton,andyou’llstarttheengine.
TheUniversityPress大學(xué)出版社
12.enough可作adj./n./adv.Enoughhasbeensaid.已經(jīng)說(shuō)得夠多了。N.
e.g.Thereisenoughfoodfortenpeople.
=Thereisfoodenoughfortenpeople.做adj時(shí),可放在被修飾名詞前面或后面
Areyouwarmenough?做adv,放在被修飾形容詞,副詞或動(dòng)詞只后。
13.managetodo=succeedindoinge.g.Howdidyoumanagetogetallthis?所有這一切你是怎么得到的?
======================================================
TheFifthPeriod
TeachingAims:
1.ReviewthelearntsentencestructureintheSubjectiveMood.
2.SumupthecasesinwhichweshouldusetheSubjunctiveMood.
TeachingProcedures:
StepⅠChecktheanswerofwordstudy.
StepⅡGrammar
1.基本用法:
1).與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反
句型:If+主+V-ed/were,主+would/should/could/might+V.
e.g.IfIwereyou,Ishould(would/could/might)tellhimthetruth.
如果我是你,我就會(huì)(可能)對(duì)他說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)。
Ifhehadtime,hewould(could/might)gowithyou.
如果他有時(shí)間,他就會(huì)(可能)和你去。
2).與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反
句型:If+主+had+P.P.,主+would/should/could/might+haveP.P.
e.g.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’t(couldn’t)havefailedintheexam.
如果你按照我的建議去做,你就不會(huì)(可能)考試不及格。
Shewould(could/might)havetelephonedyouimmediately,ifshehadwonthegame.
3).與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反
句型:If+主+should/wereto+V,住+would/could/should/might+v.
e.g.IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould(would/could/might)gotoseemygrandmother.
Ifitshouldrain,thecropswould(could/might)besaved.如果下雨,莊稼就一定有救。
2.wish引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣
句型:主+wished+(that)+主+v-ed/were(與現(xiàn)在相反)
主+wished+(that)+主+had+P.P.與過(guò)去相反
+would/could+have+P.P.
主+wished+(that)+主+would/could+v.(與將來(lái)相反)
3.asif/though引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí),表示一般情況用陳述句,
句型:主+v.+asif/though+主+v-ed/were(與現(xiàn)在相反)
主+v.+asif/though+主+had+P.P.與過(guò)去相反
+would/could+have+P.P.
主+v.+asif/though+主+would/could+v.(與將來(lái)相反)
e.g.Itlooksasifitisgoingtosnow.
Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesunwerecirclingroundtheearth.
4.wouldrather的虛擬用法:
句型:1.)主+wouldrather+v.表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)主觀上的愿望與選擇。
e.g.Marrywouldrather(not)haveafresh-tastingtoothpaste.
2.)主+wouldrather(not)+have+P.P.表示過(guò)去寧愿做而沒(méi)有做的事情。
e.g.Themayor(市長(zhǎng))wouldratherhavehandledthatpressconferencelastweek.
3).主+wouldrather+v.+than表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)某人自己“寧愿…,而不”
e.g.Hewouldratherreadthantalk.
Thekidswouldratherplayoutdoorsthanindoors.
Shewouldratherjoinusinresearchworkthangoonholidaytoseaside.
4).主+wouldrather+have+P.P.+than表示過(guò)去某人自己“寧愿…,而不”
e.g.TheagedmanwouldratherhaveparticipatedinsocialservicethanamusedhimselfbywatchingTVathomeseveralyearsago.
5).主A+wouldrather+主B+P.P./were從句一般為過(guò)去式,希望別人現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)做事
e.g.I’dratheryoudidn’tmakeanycommentintheissueforthetimebeing.(暫時(shí))
6).主A+wouldrather+主B+had+P.P.表示寧愿別人過(guò)去做sth.
e.g.DavidwouldratherthatJimhadcalledatChineseEconomicandTradeExhibitionsyesterday.
5.其他用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的情況:
1).wouldassoon,wouldsooner,wouldprefer表“希望或婉轉(zhuǎn)的責(zé)備”要求用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去式表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)情況,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去情況
e.g.Iwouldjustpreferyouhadreturnedthebooktohimyesterday.
2).hadbetter+V.
3).otherwise,ifonly,suppose/supposing引導(dǎo)含蓄條件句表愿望,建議用虛擬語(yǔ)氣
e.g.IfonlyIknewhowtooperatetheinternetphone.要是我知道怎么打網(wǎng)絡(luò)電話(huà)就好了。
4).Itis(high/right/about/good)time+從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣(是…的時(shí)候)
Itistimeforsb.todosth.
It’stimewewenttobed=It’stimeforustogotobed.
e.g.It’shightimeyoustoppedidlingaboutandstartedlookingforajob.閑逛
5).butfor…(要不是…)&without…用在句首,引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句,時(shí)態(tài)隨句意改變
e.g.Butfor/Withouthisuncle,thekidwouldhavebeendrownedinthepool.
6).Ifitwerenotfor…(要不是…)與現(xiàn)在相反
Ifithadnotbeenfor…與過(guò)去相反
e.g.Ifitwerenotforthefactthathisfatherisontheboarddirectors,hewouldneverhaveajob.
Ifithadnotbeenforyouradvice,Iwouldhavemadeaseriousmistake.
7).butthat+從句(用虛擬語(yǔ)氣)
e.g.IwouldgobysteamerbutthatI’mapoorsailor.要不是因?yàn)闀灤?,我就坐船去了?br>
8).asitis&asitwere
asitis用在句首“事實(shí)上,實(shí)際上,就目前的情況而言”
asitwere用在句尾“照現(xiàn)狀,照原樣”
e.g.CaoYuisasortofChineseShakespeareasitwere.
高二英語(yǔ)Unit8 First aid復(fù)習(xí)教案匯總
老師會(huì)對(duì)課本中的主要教學(xué)內(nèi)容整理到教案課件中,大家靜下心來(lái)寫(xiě)教案課件了。只有規(guī)劃好了教案課件新的工作計(jì)劃,才能在以后有序的工作!有沒(méi)有好的范文是適合教案課件?下面是由小編為大家整理的“高二英語(yǔ)Unit8 First aid復(fù)習(xí)教案匯總”,歡迎大家閱讀,希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
高二英語(yǔ)Unit8Firstaid復(fù)習(xí)教案匯總
高二英語(yǔ)Unit8Firstaid知識(shí)點(diǎn)總復(fù)習(xí)教案
1.Talkaboutfirstaidandmedicine.談一談急救和醫(yī)藥。(p.57GoalsNo.1)
aid
(1)aidn.幫助,援助①Shecametomyaid.她會(huì)幫助我。②WeshouldgivesomeeconomicaidtotheThirdWorld.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)給予第三世界一些經(jīng)濟(jì)援助。
(2)aidv.幫助,援助,支援①I(mǎi)aidedhertocontinueherstudy.=Iaidedherincontinuingherstudy.我?guī)椭^續(xù)做研究。②Youradviceaidedhertosucceed.你的忠告使她取得了成功。
withtheaidofsb.=withsb.’said在某人的幫助下;withthehelpofsb.=withsb.’shelp在某人的幫助下;inaidof為了……aidsb.todosth.幫助某人去做……;aidsb.in/with為……事幫助某人
firstaid急救;hearingaid助聽(tīng)器;teachingaids教具;visualaids直觀教具
aid;help
★相同點(diǎn):aid與help作動(dòng)詞時(shí),都有“幫助”之意,有時(shí)可通用。如:Iaidedhiminhiswork.=Ihelpedhimwithhiswork.
★不同點(diǎn):aid是比較正式的用法,較為莊重,在日常生活中不多用;help則含義較廣,特別在日常生活中用的較多,幾乎所有用aid的地方都可以用help代替。但在表示“救護(hù)”時(shí),用aid不用help。
2.Makesurethatelectricwiresaresafeandthatchildrencan’treachthem.確保電線(xiàn)是安全的,孩子們碰不著。(p.58Speaking‘Dos’No.1)
makesure的用法
(1)makesurethat-clause確保……①Willyoumakesurethathereturned?請(qǐng)你查明他是否真的回來(lái)了,好嗎?②Makesurethatyoudontupsetanyofthem.確保不使別人不安。
(2)makesureof確保,確定①Hesmadesureofthetimeandplace.他確定了時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。②Wevemadesureofourseatsforthemovie.我們已訂好電影院的座位了。
besuretodo...一定會(huì)……;besurethat...確信……;besureofdoing...確信會(huì)……;besureabout/ofsth.對(duì)……有把握。如:①Hesaidhewasnotsureaboutgrammarandidioms.他說(shuō)他對(duì)語(yǔ)法和慣用法沒(méi)有把握。②Maryissuretocomethisafternoon.瑪麗今天下午肯定來(lái)。③Besurenottobelateagain.務(wù)必不要再遲到。④Hewantedtobesurethathewaslookedafter.他要確信自己有人照顧。
besuretodo;besureofdoing
besuretodo是主語(yǔ)肯定會(huì)做某事;besureofdoing表示主語(yǔ)對(duì)做某事有信心。如:①Ourfootballteamissuretowin.我們足球隊(duì)肯定會(huì)贏。②Hessureofpassingtheexam.他確信考試會(huì)及格。
3.Ifapanofoilcatchesfire,turnoffthegasandcoverthepanquickly.如果油鍋著火,要快速關(guān)掉煤氣蓋上鍋蓋。(p.58Speaking‘Dos’No.2)
1)catchfire
(1)catchfire著火。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作,不與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如:①Whenshewasdoingtheexperiment,her
longhaircatchesfire.當(dāng)她做實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí),她的長(zhǎng)發(fā)著火了。②Dontthrowthecigaretteabout.Thedrygrasscatchesfireeasily.別亂丟煙頭。干草很容易著火。
(2)onfire著火。表示狀態(tài),可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。如:①Hishousehasbeenonfireforanhour.他的房子著火一個(gè)小時(shí)了。②Thecottagewasonfirelastnight.這座農(nóng)舍昨晚失火了。
setfiretosth.放火燒……;setsth.onfire放火燒……;makeafire生火;lightafire點(diǎn)火;putoutafire滅火;playwithfire玩火
2)turnoffvt.關(guān)掉(煤氣、自來(lái)水、電燈、電視等)。如:①Turnoffthetapbeforeyougoout.外出前要關(guān)掉水龍頭。②Dontforgettoturnoffthegaswhenyoufinishcooking.做完飯后,不要忘記關(guān)掉煤氣。
turnoff的反義詞是turnon。
turnagainst背叛;turnin=handin上交;turninto變成;turnover把……反過(guò)來(lái);turnto轉(zhuǎn)到,翻到;turnup開(kāi)大(音量);turnright=turntotheright向右轉(zhuǎn);turnawayfrom離開(kāi),避開(kāi);turntosb.forhelp向某人求援;
turnback/around轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái);turndown拒絕;turnout生產(chǎn),制造;turnouttobe結(jié)果是,后來(lái)證明是
4.Neverleavesmallthingsababycanputinitsmouthonthefloorortable.絕對(duì)不要把孩子可以放進(jìn)嘴里的東西放在地板或桌子上。(p.58Speaking‘Don’ts’No.2)
never的用法
(1)neveradv.決不,永不,一點(diǎn)也不。如:①I(mǎi)nevergetuponSundaymornings.周日早晨我從不早起。②Shesneverlateforappointment.她赴約從未遲到。③Illneverforgetyourkindness.我絕不會(huì)忘記你的好意。
(2)neveradv.從未,尚未,一次也沒(méi)有(通常和完成時(shí)連用)。如:①--HaveyoueverbeentoAmerica?--No,Iveneverbeenabroad.—你曾去過(guò)美國(guó)嗎?—沒(méi)有,我從未出過(guò)國(guó)。②Ihaveneverheardaspeechasimpressiveasthis.我從未聽(tīng)過(guò)這么動(dòng)人的演講。③Ineverhadachancetomeethim.我始終沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)與他見(jiàn)面。④ShesaidthatshehadneverbeentotheGreatWall.她說(shuō)她從未到過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。
(3)never跟其他副詞一樣,一般置于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前,be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后,第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞之后,如以上例句。但有時(shí)候置于句中特定詞或短語(yǔ)之前以強(qiáng)調(diào)該詞或短語(yǔ)的否定意味。如:①Theyspokeneverawordtoeachother.他們彼此未交談一句話(huà)。②IhavenevermethimandIhopeIneverwillmeethim.我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)他,并且希望永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)見(jiàn)到他。
(4)never置于句首,表示加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,句子的語(yǔ)序要用倒裝。如:①Neverhaveweworkersbeendauntedbydifficulties.我們工人從來(lái)沒(méi)有被困難所嚇倒。②NeverwillmyfriendsPaulforgethisfirstteacherofchemistry.我的朋友保羅永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記他的第一位化學(xué)老師。
運(yùn)用這個(gè)倒裝句型的否定意義的副詞還有:hardly,seldom,little,not,only,notuntil,scarcely,nosooner,bynomeans,atnotime,undernocircumstances等等。如:①SeldomhaveIdreamed0fseeingsuchawonderfulperformance.我簡(jiǎn)直沒(méi)有夢(mèng)想到看這樣精彩的演出。②Nosoonerhadheputdownthereceiverthanthetelephonerangagain.他剛放下電話(huà)聽(tīng)筒,電話(huà)鈴又響了。③UndernocircumstanceswillChinafirstusenuclearweapons.在任何情況下,中國(guó)決不首先使用核武器。
neverso非常;almostnever難得,幾乎從不……;lneverdid=Well,never!真想不到!neverthe(后接比較級(jí))毫不(更……)neversomuchas連……都沒(méi)有nevermind沒(méi)關(guān)系
never,not;dont
never表示“不,沒(méi)有”時(shí),語(yǔ)氣比not強(qiáng);never表示“不要”時(shí),語(yǔ)氣較dont強(qiáng)。如:①Heneversaidawordthewholetwohours.整整兩個(gè)小時(shí),他一句話(huà)也沒(méi)說(shuō)。
②Neverfear.別怕。
SectionⅡ閱讀
5.Thecarwasupsidedownandthedriverwasbleedingandscreaming.車(chē)已翻轉(zhuǎn),司機(jī)正在流血大聲呼喊(p.59Reading第一段第1行)
1)upsidedown
(1)upsidedownadv.顛倒的,翻到過(guò)來(lái)的。如:①Thekitehangupsidedownfromatree.這個(gè)風(fēng)箏從樹(shù)上倒吊著。②Dontholdtheboxupsidedown.不要拿倒了盒子。③Thepicturewashungupsidedown.那幅照片掛倒了。
(2)upsidedownadv.雜亂地,混亂地,亂七八糟地。如:①Thenaughtyboyturnedaroomupsidedown.這個(gè)淘氣的孩子把房子弄得亂七八糟。②Everythingintheroomwasturnedupsidedown.房間里的一切被弄得亂七八糟。
upsidedown也可以寫(xiě)作upside-down,另外與之意思相近的表達(dá)法是insideout,意為“表里相反”。如:①Heworethesweaterinsideout.他把毛衣穿反了。②Heputhisshirtoninsideout.他襯衫穿反了。
2)bleed
(1)bleedvt.出血,流血了,引申義為“為國(guó)家、正義等流血、犧牲”。如:①Hewasbleedingatthenose.=Hisnosewasbleeding.他在流鼻血。②Theybledfortheircountry.他們?yōu)閲?guó)流血犧牲。
(2)bleedvt.(對(duì)人)勒索、敲詐錢(qián)財(cái),類(lèi)似于漢語(yǔ)的“讓某人出點(diǎn)兒血”。如:Hewasbledforeverypennyhehad.他的錢(qián)被榨得一干二凈。
bleedfor為……而流血,悲痛;bleedsb.white榨干血汗,榨完錢(qián)財(cái);bleedtodeath出血過(guò)多死亡
3)scream
(1)screamv.發(fā)出尖銳叫聲,慘叫,驚叫;(小孩)放聲大哭;用尖銳聲音說(shuō)。如:①Shescreamedinafright.她驚駭?shù)丶饨?。②Theyscreamedforhelpfromthewindowoftheburninghotel.他們從著火的旅館窗口驚叫求援。③Thechildscreameditselfredintheface.這孩子尖叫得臉都紅了。④Amomentlatertherewasascreamfromtheroomnextdoor.一會(huì)兒后,從隔壁的房子里傳來(lái)了尖叫聲。
(2)scream常與out連用,后接that從句,意為“大聲喊叫……”。如:①Shescreamedthattherewasasnake.她大聲尖叫說(shuō)有蛇。②Shescreamedoutthattherewasaburglarunderthebed.她尖叫說(shuō)床下有賊。
scream;shout:scream多指尖銳刺耳的叫聲,如男人或女人歇斯底里的尖叫;shout指喊叫,歡呼等。
6.Peoplewhohavewitnessedanaccidentoftenwishthatthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.目擊過(guò)事故的人都希望做些不同的事。(p.59Reading第一段第3行)witness
(1)witnessvt.目擊,親眼看到。如:①Didyouwitnesstheaccident?你親眼看到那次事故了嗎?②Hewitnessedthebattle.他親眼目睹了那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)斗。③Iwitnessedagangofhoodlumsstealthewalletofatouristbyaccident.我偶然間看到一伙流氓扒竊一游客的錢(qián)包。
(2)witnessv.作證,證明,成為……的證據(jù)。如:①Hewitnessedthetruthofmystatement.他證明我的陳述真實(shí)。②Hewitnessedtohavingseenthemanentertheroom.他作證說(shuō)看到那個(gè)男人進(jìn)入房間。
witnessto中to是介詞,如witnesstoafact為事實(shí)作證。Hisflushedfacewitnessedthegreatexcitementhefelt.他通紅的臉表明他很激動(dòng)。
(3)witness目擊者,見(jiàn)證人,也稱(chēng)eyewitness。如:①Thepolicefoundthewitnesstothemurder.警察找到了那件謀殺案的目擊者。②Iwascalledasadefensewit-ness.我被傳喚作被告證人。③Illgivewitnessonbehalfoftheaccusedperson.我將為被告作證。④Thesefactsareawitnesstohisignorance.這些事實(shí)證明了他的無(wú)知。
7.Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhendealingwithallemergencyistostaycalm.處理緊急情況時(shí)要牢記心中的最重要的事情是要保持鎮(zhèn)靜。(p.59Reading第二段第1行)
(1)keepsth.inmind記住,放在心里。如:Pleasekeepwhattheteachersaidinmind.請(qǐng)把老師的話(huà)記在心上。
keepintouchwith與……保持聯(lián)系;keeponesbalance保持…平衡;keepthebalanceofnature保持生態(tài)平衡;keeparecordof保持成績(jī),保留……的記錄;keepsth.asecret對(duì)……保密;keepfit=keephealthy保持身體健康;keepsb.outof把……擋在外面;keepoffthegrass勿踏草地
(2)省略在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,即由when;while;as;if;till;unless等引導(dǎo)的從句中,如果從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同,或者是itbe結(jié)構(gòu),可以省略從句中的主語(yǔ)或itbe。如:①Whenhewaswalkinginthestreet,hecameacrossoneofhisfriends.=Whenwalkinginthestreet,hecameacrossoneofhisfriends.②Imetherwhile1wasonmywaytowork.=Imetherwhile0nmywaytowork.③Hewillnotcomeunlessheisinvited.=He
willnotcomeunlessinvited.④Thoughheisyoung,heisexperienced.=Thoughyoung,heisexperienced.⑤Unlessitisnecessary,wemustnotspeakChineseattheparty.=Unlessnecessary,wemustnotspeakChineseattheparty.
⑥Ifitispossible,hewouldwantproofbeforebebelievedsomething.=Ifpossible,hewouldwantproofbeforehebelievedsomething.
句中whendealingwith...是一種省略形式,完整的句子應(yīng)為:Whenwearedealingwithanemergency。
8.Ifweweretopanic,wewouldnotbeabletohelp.如果我們慌了手腳,那就幫不上忙了。(p.59Reading第二段第2行)
panic
(1)panicn.恐慌,恐怖,尤其指沒(méi)有明確的理由而傳開(kāi)在群眾間引起的恐慌。如:①Thecrowdwasinapanic.群眾陷入恐慌狀態(tài)。②Thefirecausedapanicinthetheatre.那場(chǎng)火災(zāi)在戲院中引起一陣恐慌。③IgotintoapanicwhenIfoundthedoorwaslocked.我發(fā)覺(jué)門(mén)鎖上了時(shí)十分驚慌。
(2)panicv.陷入恐慌,引起恐慌。如:Dontpanic,thereisnodanger.不要驚慌,沒(méi)有危險(xiǎn)。
getintoapanic陷入恐怖狀態(tài);beatpanicstations驚慌失措
9.Ifweknowhowtorespond,wecansavelives.如果我們知道如何反應(yīng),那我們會(huì)挽救人的生命。(p.59Reading第二段第4行)
1)respond
(1)respondv.回答,對(duì)……回應(yīng),比answer更正式。如:①Shedidntrespondtomyquestion.她沒(méi)有回答我的問(wèn)題。②Iofferedtohelphim,buthedidntrespond.我表示愿意幫他,但他沒(méi)有回應(yīng)。
(2)respond+that-clause回答說(shuō)。如:Thedoctorrespondedthathecouldnottellthename0fthedisease.醫(yī)生回答說(shuō)他無(wú)法說(shuō)出疾病的名字。
respondv.回答,響應(yīng);responsen.回答,響應(yīng);respondern.回答者,響應(yīng)者;responsibleadj.有責(zé)任的,可靠的;responsibilityn.責(zé)任,職責(zé);correspondv.相當(dāng),相符;correspondencen.相當(dāng),相符;correspondentn.通信員,記者
respondtoaletter復(fù)信;respondtoaquestion答復(fù)問(wèn)題;respondwithasmile以微笑回答;respondwithablow報(bào)以一擊;inresponseto回答,回應(yīng)……;asenseofresponsibility責(zé)任感;taketheresponsibilityfor負(fù)起……的責(zé)任;beresponsiblefor對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)。
2)saveoneslife救某人的命
(1)savev.把…(從危險(xiǎn)中等)救出來(lái),常與from連用。如:①Thedoctorsavedherlife.那個(gè)醫(yī)生救了她一命。②Hesavedhischildfromdrowning.他救了那個(gè)孩子而使他未被淹死。③Shesavedanoldmanfromthefire.她從大火中救出一位老人。
(2)savesb.sth.省去某人的勞力、時(shí)間、花費(fèi)等。如:①Whynotdoitthisway?Itllsaveyoualotoftrouble.為什么不這樣干呢?這樣可以省你許多麻煩。②Willyoudotheshoppingforme?Itllsavemeatrip.替我買(mǎi)點(diǎn)東西好嗎?這樣我就省走一趟了。③ThatsavedmegoingOut.那我就不用出去了。
saveonesface保全面子;saveonesskin避免受傷;savethesituation挽回局面;savethat除了;saveup儲(chǔ)蓄金錢(qián);saveoneshonor/reputation保全名譽(yù)/名聲
save;rescue:save含義廣泛,既指搭救某人脫離危險(xiǎn),也指精神或道德上的拯救。rescue多指營(yíng)救某人脫離危險(xiǎn),還可表示從監(jiān)禁中救出的意思。如:Hewasrescuedfromimprisonment.他被人從監(jiān)禁中營(yíng)救出來(lái)。
10.Ifapersonisbleeding,weshouldcoverthewoundwithacleanpieceofclothandpressonthewoundtostopthebleeding.如果有人流血,我們應(yīng)該用干凈的布蓋在傷口上并壓在上面以止血。(p.60Reading第一段第3行)
1)covervt.
(1)用東西覆蓋,遮蓋,常與with搭配。如:①Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.她以手掩面。②Themothercoveredthebabywithablanket.母親用毛毯蓋著她的嬰兒。
(2)行走一段距離,通常不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:①TheRedArmycovered25000LiontheLongMarch.紅軍長(zhǎng)征時(shí)走了兩萬(wàn)五千里。②Shecovered1000metresinlessthan4minutes.她在不足四分鐘內(nèi)跑完1000米。
(3)看完若干頁(yè)書(shū)。如:Howmanypageshaveyoucovered?你已讀了多少頁(yè)書(shū)?
(4)新聞?dòng)浾卟稍L(fǎng)、報(bào)道。如:①M(fèi)anyjournalistsweresenttocoverthemedicalconference.許多記者被派去采訪(fǎng)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)議。②Heusedtobesenttocoverthebattlesduringthewar.他曾經(jīng)被派去做戰(zhàn)地采訪(fǎng)。
(5)談到、涉及,相當(dāng)于dealwith,include。如:①Thediscussioncoveredawiderangeofsubjects.這次討論涉及內(nèi)容廣泛。②Whatarethechiefpointsyouaretocoverinyourtalk?你的報(bào)告主要有哪些內(nèi)容?
(6)占地多少,面積多大。如:①Ourorchardscover1000mu.我們的果園有1000畝面積。②Chinastretchesacrossavastareacoveringthecold,temperateandtropicalzones.中國(guó)幅員遼闊,包括了寒帶、溫帶和熱帶。
(7)掩護(hù)、保護(hù)、庇護(hù)。如:①Theirplanescoveredtheirtankswhichwereattackingtheenemy.他們的飛機(jī)掩護(hù)他們的坦克向敵人進(jìn)攻。②Hecoveredhiswifefromthemansblowswithhisownbody.他以身體掩護(hù)妻子免遭人擊。
becoveredwith覆蓋著;underthecoverof在……的掩護(hù)下;coverfor=replace代替,為……打掩護(hù);coverup掩蓋,掩飾;takecover=shelter隱蔽;
2)pressv.壓,壓碎,壓破,擁擠。如:①I(mǎi)fyoupressthisbutton,themachinewillstart.你按這個(gè)按鈕的話(huà),機(jī)器就會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。②Abagpressedhardagainstmyback.有個(gè)袋子重重地壓在我的背上。③Shepressedgrapestomakegrapejuice.她壓榨葡萄以做葡萄汁。④Thegirlpressedthroughthecrowdatlast.這個(gè)姑娘終于從人群中擠過(guò)去。
bepressedfor困于,迫于;pressanattack強(qiáng)攻;pressonesway奮力前進(jìn),堅(jiān)持前進(jìn);atpresstime到發(fā)稿時(shí)為止;freedomofthepress出版自由;thecommercialPress商務(wù)印書(shū)館;pressconference記者招待會(huì);pressedflowers壓花
11.Matcheachpicturewithasentenceinthetext.將每幅畫(huà)配上課文中的句子。(p.60Post-ReadingEx.1)
matchv.
(1)和…調(diào)和,適合;與…相配。如:①Herclothesdontmatchherage.她的服飾和年齡不配。②Wemustfindcarpetsthatllmatchthecurtains.我們必須尋找可和這些窗簾搭配的地毯。
此時(shí)match的用法與gowith相同。如:Dotheseredshoesgowiththedress?這雙紅鞋與衣服搭配嗎?
(2)matchvt.在……方面,與……匹敵,成為…”的好對(duì)手,勢(shì)均力敵。如:①Noonecanmatchhiminknowle-dgeofclassicalmusic.在古典音樂(lè)的知識(shí)方面沒(méi)人能和他相匹敵。②Thiscollegecantbematchedforgoodvocationaltraining.在職業(yè)訓(xùn)練方面這所大學(xué)是無(wú)與倫比的。
matchupto符合期望,與預(yù)想一致;matchpoint最后決勝負(fù)的分;beamatchfor與……相匹配;makeamatchofit(二人)結(jié)婚;find/meetonesmatch棋逢對(duì)手,遇到對(duì)手;aboxofmatches一盒火柴
SectionIII詞匯、語(yǔ)法、綜合技能
12.She’llbeallright.她很快就會(huì)好的。(p.61LanguageStudyEx.2倒數(shù)第2行)
alright;allright的區(qū)別
alright和allright是同義詞,且使用頻率極高,但alright一般被認(rèn)為是不正規(guī)的拼法。另外,allright還有其他的用法:
(1)Thatsallright=Itsanright對(duì)道歉、感謝的回答,沒(méi)關(guān)系,不客氣。①--Sorry,Imlate.--Thatsallright.對(duì)不起,我遲到了。沒(méi)關(guān)系。②--Thanksalot.--Thatsallright.真感謝你。不客氣。
(2)用于對(duì)答或在說(shuō)話(huà)中表示承認(rèn)對(duì)方所說(shuō)的話(huà)。①--Canyoucallmeuptonight?--Allright.今晚給我打電話(huà)好嗎?好呀!②Allright,allright,yourerightandIminthewrong.知道了,知道了,你是對(duì)的,我錯(cuò)了。
(3)allright=OK①Everythingisallright/OK.一切都好。②Everythingwillgoallright/OK.一切都將順利。
13.Idontthinkitisagooddecisionthathewillbegiventhisjobsincehehasnoexperienceatall.我認(rèn)為這個(gè)工作讓他去干不是一個(gè)明智的決定,因?yàn)樗稽c(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)都沒(méi)有。(p.62GrammarEx.3No.1)
1)that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句:that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)沒(méi)有詞匯意義,在從句中不作任何成分,但不能省略。如:①Wereexcitedatthenewsthathewaschosenmanagerofthehotel.聽(tīng)到他被選為賓館經(jīng)理的消息我們興奮極了。②Therecanbenodoubtthatheistherightpersonforthejob.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)他是擔(dān)任這工作的最合適人選。③ThestorygoesthatWilliamTelldidkillthetyrantwiththatarrow.傳說(shuō)泰爾后來(lái)果真用這支箭射死了那暴君。④Thefactthathisplanmakessenseshouldberecognized.應(yīng)當(dāng)承認(rèn)他的計(jì)劃是有道理的。
2)experience
(1)experiencen.經(jīng)驗(yàn),常與in,of搭配。如:①Hehashadtwoyearsexperienceinteaching.他已有兩年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。②Ihavenodrivingexperience.我沒(méi)有駕駛經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
(2)經(jīng)歷。如:①PleasetellusofyourexperiencesinAfrica.請(qǐng)告訴我們你在非洲的經(jīng)歷。②Hehasmanyinterestingexperienceswhiletravellingabroad.到國(guó)外旅游時(shí),他有許多有趣的經(jīng)歷。
experience指“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”時(shí),為不可數(shù)名詞,如:amanofrichexperience經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的人。experience指“經(jīng)歷”時(shí),為可數(shù)名詞。如:somepleasantexperiences一些愉快的經(jīng)歷。
(3)experiencedadj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的,熟練的。如:①Hesanexperienceddoctor.他是位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的醫(yī)生。②Hesexperiencedinmoneymatters.他是個(gè)理財(cái)?shù)睦鲜帧?/p>
3)atall
(1)用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句中,起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,帶有較強(qiáng)的感情色彩,意為“到底,真的,竟然”。如:①Doyouwanttogothereatall?你真的要去那兒?②Ifyoucomeatall,pleaseletmeknow.若你真的要來(lái),請(qǐng)讓我知道。
(2)用于否定句,加強(qiáng)否定語(yǔ)氣,意為“根本不,全然不”。如:①Theboxistooheavy,Icantmoveitatall.這箱子太重,我根本搬不動(dòng)。②IcantseeanythingatallontheEmperor.我看皇帝身上什么也沒(méi)穿。
14.WhenEdisondied,itwassuggestedthattheAmericanpeopleturnoffallpowerintheirhomes,streetsandfactoriesforseveralminutesinhonorofthisgreatman.愛(ài)迪生去世時(shí),有人提議美國(guó)人民在家中、街道、工廠停電幾分鐘以紀(jì)念這位偉人。(p.62GrammarEx.3No.5)
1)suggest
(1)建議=tomentionanidea,后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或that-clause。如:①Hesuggestedoneortwobooks,whichweoughttohave.他推薦了一兩種我們應(yīng)該買(mǎi)的書(shū)。②HesuggestedLondonfortheirmeeting.他建議到倫敦開(kāi)會(huì)。③Shesuggestedgoingt0thezoowiththechild.=Shesuggestedthatshe(should)gotothezoowithchild.她建議帶孩子去動(dòng)物園。④Hesuggestedourleavingtheworktillthenextday.=Hesuggestedthatwe(should)leavetheworktillthenextday.他建議我們把工作放到明天做。
suggest接that從句,表示“建議干……”時(shí),要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,其中that從句中的should也可能省略。
(2)暗示,表示=bringsth.tomind。如:①Hisworksuggeststhatheisacarefulman.他的工作說(shuō)明了他是一個(gè)細(xì)心的人。②Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewashappy.他臉上的表情說(shuō)明他非常高興。③HistalkaboutAmericasuggestedthathehadbeentothiscountryseveraltimes.他的關(guān)于美國(guó)的報(bào)告說(shuō)明他以前多次去過(guò)美國(guó)。
suggest用作“說(shuō)明,暗示”時(shí),后面的從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
suggeststh.tosb.向某人建議……;announcesth.tosb.向某人宣布……;explainsth.tosb.向某人解釋……;reportsth.tosb.向某人報(bào)告……;
2)inhonourof為紀(jì)念,為向……表示敬意。
如:①Thereisapartytonightinhonourofournewpresident.為祝賀新校長(zhǎng)的上任,今晚有一個(gè)聚會(huì)。②Wellgiveabanquetinhonourofthedelegation.我們要設(shè)宴迎代表團(tuán)。
inhonourof為紀(jì)念,為了表示尊敬;inpraiseof歌頌;inmemoryof紀(jì)念;infavourof贊同;inplaceof代替;incelebrationof慶祝;inchargeof負(fù)責(zé);inpossessionof擁有;insearchof搜查,尋找
15.Dealingwithcommoninjuries.處理輕微傷害。(p.63IntegratingSkills‘Title’)
1)dealwith
(1)對(duì)待人或事,處理。如:①I(mǎi)nspiteofhisillness,hecontinuedtodealwithproblemsofankinds.盡管生病,他還繼續(xù)處理各種各樣的問(wèn)題。②Iaskedhimtodealwiththemattercarefully.我要他認(rèn)真處理這件事。
(2)對(duì)付,與……打交道。如:Suchpeoplearedifficulttodealwith.這種人不好相處。
此處的dealwith相當(dāng)于getalongwith。Illgetsomeoneelsetodealwiththem.我去另找人來(lái)對(duì)付他們。
(3)論述、涉及。如:①ThisbookmainlydealswithdifficultpointsinthestudyofEnglish.這本書(shū)主要講的是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中的難點(diǎn)。②Thesubjectisntverydealtwellwithinthisbook.這個(gè)問(wèn)題在書(shū)中沒(méi)有得到很好的闡述。③ThisbookdealswithlifeintheUnitedStates.這本書(shū)說(shuō)的是美國(guó)的生活情況。
(4)與……交易,不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如:Wehavedealtwiththatstorefor10years.我們與那家商店來(lái)往已經(jīng)十年了。
(5)agreat/gooddeal(of)的三種用法:①修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表示很多,相當(dāng)于verymuch。如:agreatdealoftime許多時(shí)間②用作狀語(yǔ),表示“……得多”,可修飾比較級(jí),如:Shesagreatdealbettertoday.她今天好多了。③用于問(wèn)答中。如:Doyouwalkmuch?Yes,agreatdeal.你常走好些路嗎?是的,很多。
how;what的固定搭配
(1)Idontknowhowtodealwiththematter.
Idontknowwhattodowiththematter.
(2)Howdoyoulikethefilm?
Howdoyoufindthefilm?
Howdoyoufeelthefilm?
Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm?
(3)Iwanttotellyouhowtodoitnext.
Iwanttotellyouwhattodonext.
2)commonadj.普通的,到處可見(jiàn)的,常常聽(tīng)到的。如:①Theplantisacommonone.這是一種常見(jiàn)的植物。②Thisisacommonbelief.這正是普通人持有的觀點(diǎn)。③Isthiswordincommonuse?這個(gè)字常用嗎?
另外,common還可表示“共用的,公用的”。如:①TheymadeplanstosetupacommonmarketinEurope.他們計(jì)劃要在歐洲建立共同市場(chǎng)。②TheyhaveEnglishasacommonlanguage.英語(yǔ)是他們的共同語(yǔ)言。③Agreatinterestinmusicwascommontothem.他們對(duì)音樂(lè)都有著共同的興趣。
acommonevent常有的事情;commonproperty公共財(cái)產(chǎn);commonwelfare公共福利;forthecommongood為了公共利益;incommon共有,共同;incommonwith與……同有;outofthecommon非同尋常的,非凡的;ascommonasdirt最平凡的;common0rgarden平凡的,普通的;beonshortcommons吃不飽
16.Learningaboutfirstaidisthebestwaytomakesurethatwewillnothavetofeelthatwecouldhavedonemore.學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)急救的知識(shí)是一種最好的方式以確保我們不必遺憾我們本來(lái)還可以做得更多。(p.63IntegratingSkills第一段第3行)
1.learningaboutfirstdid這是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。
動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ):①Readingaloudisveryimportantinlearningaforeignlanguage.朗讀在學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)中是很重要的。②Studyingabroadisverydifficultinthefirstfewmonths.在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí),最初幾個(gè)月是艱難的。③Playingfootballismyfavouritesport.踢足球是我最喜愛(ài)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。
動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)可以用it作形式主語(yǔ),但只限于以下幾個(gè)句型:
①I(mǎi)tsnousearguingwithhimaboutthematter.在這件事上跟他爭(zhēng)辯毫無(wú)用處。
②Itsnogoodhavingacarifyoucantdrive.如果你不會(huì)開(kāi)車(chē),有車(chē)也沒(méi)有用。
③Thereisnojokingaboutsuchthings.這種事開(kāi)不得半點(diǎn)玩笑。
④ItsawasteoftimewatchingTVsuchalongtime.看這么多電視真是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。
doing;todo作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞與不定式都可以作主語(yǔ),一般而言在表示比較抽象籠統(tǒng)的一般行為時(shí)多用動(dòng)名詞,在表示具體某次動(dòng)作特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作時(shí),多用動(dòng)詞不定式。如:①Smokingisnotallowedhere.此地禁止吸煙。②Itisntgoodforyoutosmokesomuch.你抽這么多煙不好。
動(dòng)名詞與不定式有對(duì)稱(chēng)使用的特點(diǎn)。如:Teachingislearning.=Toteachistolearn.教學(xué)相長(zhǎng)。
2.couldhavedone
(1)用于疑問(wèn)句中,表示行為可能性的推測(cè)。如:①Canhehavereachedthestation?他現(xiàn)在能到火車(chē)站嗎?②Couldhehavebeentoldthenews?他被告知這個(gè)消息了嗎?
(2)用于陳述句中,肯定句表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),意為“本能夠去做卻沒(méi)有做。”否定句表示對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的推測(cè)。如:①--IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.
--Oh,didyou?YoucouldhavestayedwithBarbara.
—在紐約時(shí)我住在一家旅館。—是嗎?你本能夠和巴巴拉在一起的。②--Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.--Itcouldnthavebeenacomfortablejourney.—車(chē)?yán)镆延形迦?,但他們還是設(shè)法把我也帶去了。—那不可能是一個(gè)舒適的旅行。(暗示那本來(lái)應(yīng)該是一次舒適的旅行。)
musthavedone一定已經(jīng);may/mighthavedone也許做過(guò),其實(shí)本來(lái)可以;should/oughttohavedone本應(yīng)該做;shouldnt/oughtnttohavedone本不應(yīng)該做;neednthavedone本來(lái)不必做。如:①I(mǎi)didnthearthephone,Imusthavebeenasleep.我沒(méi)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)電話(huà),我一定已經(jīng)睡著了。②Youshouldnothaveclimbedthathill.Youmighthavekilledyourself.你本不該爬那座山,你會(huì)失去生命。③Theymayhavearrivedbynow.到現(xiàn)在他們也許已經(jīng)到了。④ItoldSallyhowtogetthere,butperhapsIshouldhavewrittenitoutforher.我告訴了Sally怎么去那兒,但或許我應(yīng)該為她寫(xiě)出來(lái)。⑤Therewasplentyoftime,sheneednthavehurried.時(shí)間充足,她本不必著急。
表示對(duì)過(guò)去肯定的推測(cè)用musthavedone,而否定推測(cè)要用canthavedone或couldnthavedone,其中couldnt沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)區(qū)別,只表示語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定。如:--Itmusthaverainedlastnight,formykneesachenow.--No,itcanthave,becausethegroundisdry.—昨晚一定下雨了,因?yàn)槲业南ドw疼。—不,不可能,因?yàn)榈厣虾芨伞?/p>
17.Ifyouarebittenbyananimal,washthewoundwithcoldwater.Thenseeadoctorassoonaspossible.如果被動(dòng)物咬了,快用涼水清洗傷口,然后盡快地去看醫(yī)生。(p.63IntegratingSkills第二段第1行)
1)bitev.
(1)cutintowiththeteeth.咬如:①Thedogbitmeintheleg.那狗咬了我的腿。②Thedoghasbittenaholeinmypants.那只狗把我的褲子咬了一個(gè)洞。③Hebitoffalargepieceoftheapple.他把蘋(píng)果咬下了一大塊。④Unlessyouwearboots,youmaygetbittenbysnakes.除非你穿鞋子,否則會(huì)被蛇咬。
“咬某人的臉”是bitesb.intheface,其中in后面的the不可換成his或her等。再如:hitsb.intheface打某人的臉;patsb.ontheshoulder拍某人的肩膀;leadsb.bythehand牽著某人的手;catchsb.bythecollar抓住某人的領(lǐng)子
(2)biten.吃一口,隨便吃點(diǎn)東西如:①Hetookabiteattheapple.他咬了一口蘋(píng)果。②Ihaventhadabitesincethismorning.從早晨到現(xiàn)在我還沒(méi)吃過(guò)一點(diǎn)東西。③Youmustwaitandhaveabitewithus.你必須等一下和我們一起吃點(diǎn)東西。
bebittenwith熱衷于;biteback咬住嘴唇不說(shuō)出來(lái);biteapersonsheadoff嚴(yán)厲斥責(zé),口氣兇猛;biteoneslips咬嘴唇,壓抑怒氣;biteoffmorethanonecanchew貪多嚼不爛;bitethedust陣亡,一敗涂地;bitethehandthatfeedsone恩將仇報(bào);biteat向……咬去,對(duì)……叫罵;biteoff咬掉,停止講話(huà)
2)seeadoctor看醫(yī)生Youaresoseriouslyillandyoushouldseeadoctoratonce.你病得那么厲害,應(yīng)該立刻去看醫(yī)生
seeadoctor看醫(yī)生;sendforadoctor派人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生;callinadoctor請(qǐng)來(lái)醫(yī)生
see可以作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“發(fā)生某一情況,經(jīng)歷……,體驗(yàn)……”。如:①I(mǎi)tcameaboutthattheyear1849sawagreatwarinHungry.結(jié)果1849年匈牙利發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)大戰(zhàn)。②ThefollowingyearSawthedeathofbothhissisters.第二年他的兩個(gè)姐姐都死了。③The5thcenturysawtheendoftheRomanEmpireinthewest.第五世紀(jì)西羅馬帝國(guó)滅亡了。④Thisoldbuildinghadseenbetterdays.這棟老房子曾有輝煌的日子。⑤Thiscenturyhasseentwoworldwars.本世紀(jì)經(jīng)歷過(guò)兩次世界大戰(zhàn)。
asfarasIcansee就我所知;seeinto調(diào)查,領(lǐng)會(huì);seesb.off送行;see(toit)that...務(wù)必;Isee.原來(lái)如此,我明白了。Illsee.我考慮考慮。Letmesee.讓我想想看。Seeyoulater/soon/again.再見(jiàn),再會(huì)。Yousee.你知道,你想,(可是)事實(shí)上……
3)as...aspossible=as...asonecan可能的/地……如:①Doitasquicklyaspossible.=Doitasquicklyasyoucan.盡快做完它。②Illstudyashardaspossible.=IllstudyashardasIcan.我要盡力學(xué)習(xí)。③Hetriedtobeaspatientaspossible.=Hetriedtobeaspatientashecould.他盡量表現(xiàn)得耐心。
18.Ifapersonisbleedingbadly,youmusttrytostopthebleeding.如果這人流血不止,你必須設(shè)法止血。(p.63IntegratingSkillsCuts第2行)
badlyadv.
(1)壞地,不好地,拙劣地,其反義詞是well。如:①Hebehavedbadly.他行為不端。②Thewallwasbadlydecorated.這墻裝飾得很差。
(2)嚴(yán)重地,非常如:①Thecarisbadlyinneedofrepair.汽車(chē)急需修理。②Shewentonworkingthoughherarmachedbadly.雖然她的手臂疼得厲害,她仍堅(jiān)持工作。③Iwasbadlyinjuredintheaccident.那次意外事故我傷得很重。
badly表示程度時(shí),意為“非常,很”,通常與need,want等詞連用。如:Hewantstogoabroadbadly.他很想出國(guó)。
bebadlyoff生活窮困;bewelloff生活富裕;bebadlyofffor缺乏
19.Ifthepersonisconsciousandbreathing,trytogethimorhertospitoutanypoisonthatmaystillbeinthemouth.如果這人還有知覺(jué)能夠呼吸,要設(shè)法讓他吐出嘴中的東西。(p.63IntegratingSkills‘Poisoning’第2行)
1)consciousadj.
(1)神志清醒的,有知覺(jué)的,其反義詞為unconscious。如:①Thepatientwasperfectlyconscious.病人神志非常清醒。②Manisaconsciousbeing.人是有意識(shí)的動(dòng)物。
(2)意識(shí)到的,覺(jué)察到的。如:①I(mǎi)becameconsciousofamanlookingatme.我覺(jué)察到有人注視著我。②Areyouconsciousofyourfaults?你沒(méi)發(fā)覺(jué)自己的缺點(diǎn)嗎?③IwasconsciousthatIwasmistaken.我意識(shí)到我錯(cuò)了。
beconsciousof意識(shí)到;beconsciousthat-clause意識(shí)到;aconsciouslie蓄意的謊言;consciousactivity自覺(jué)行動(dòng),能動(dòng)性;withconscioussuperiority抱著優(yōu)越感;frommattertoconsciousness從物質(zhì)到意識(shí);loseconsciousness失去知覺(jué);recoverconsciousness恢復(fù)知覺(jué)class-consciousness階級(jí)覺(jué)悟
conscious;aware:conscious表示內(nèi)心所意識(shí)到的感覺(jué);aware指感官上的知覺(jué)。如:①Onemustbeconsciousofonesshortcoming.人要有自知之明。②Imquiteawareofhowyoumustfeel.我很能理解你的感覺(jué)。③Onemaybeconsciousoffear,butnotaltogetherawareofthedangerwhichisgoingonaboutone.人們可能會(huì)心感恐懼,但并不能全然覺(jué)察到周?chē)鷮l(fā)生什么危險(xiǎn)。
2)spit
(1)spitv.常與out連用,意為“吐出唾液,口水等”。如:①I(mǎi)spitoutthepipsoftheorange.我吐出橙子的子。②Dontspitontheground.不要隨地吐痰。
(2)spitv.口出惡言,粗話(huà)等如:①Hespatouthatefulwordsathisfather.他對(duì)父親口出惡言。②Shespatoutcursesatme.她尖刻地咒罵我。
spititout全盤(pán)說(shuō)出,坦白說(shuō)出;spitup吐血,嘔吐;spitandpolish(軍隊(duì)裝備等)擦亮;spitinsbsface啐唾沫于某人臉上;spitoutcursesatsb.尖刻地咒罵某人spiton/at/upon對(duì)……表示藐視
高二英語(yǔ)教案:《Unit 8 First aid》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(二)
高二英語(yǔ)教案:《Unit 8 First aid》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(二)
teaching aims
1. learn about some more about first aid.
2. finish reading two passages in lesson 30.
3. study the language points of lesson 30.
4. practise using the patterns: you must…/ you mustn’t …/ you should always…/ you should never…
5. finish off the exercises in workbook lesson 30.
teaching aids
1.a tape recorder 2.a projector 3.the blackboard 4.computer 5. ohp(overhead projector高射投影儀)
teaching procedures
step 1 revision
1. check the homework exercises. ask the ss to describe the pictures in wb lesson 29, ex. 2.
2. revise the dialogue in lesson 29.
step 2 lead-in
1.show the ss pictures at the head of the text and discuss the pictures.
1).do you what’s first aid?
2).why is first aid important in our daily life?
step 3 extensive reading
give the ss a few minutes to do the fast reading of the text. and then answer the following questions.
1.what should you do if you find a person who has stopped breathing?
2. what do you think is the best thing to do to make a person breathe again when he / she cannot breathe?
3. what should you do to a person who is bleeding badly? why?
key:1.you must try to start his / her breathing at once.
2.you must use the mouth-to-mouth way.
3. you must try to stop the bleeding. because if the person loses one third of his / her blood, he / she may die.
step 4 listening
play the tap of recorder and ask the ss to listen once or twice .after that ,they answer the questions.
1. what should you do when a person is bitten by an animal?
2. what must you do if a person is badly burnt?
3. how do you deal with a simple cut ?
key: 1.wash the wound under cold running water.
2.wash the area of the burn and cover it. see a doctor if a child has been burnt or if more than10% of the body has been burnt.
3. it is only necessary to wash the area of the cut.
step 5 intensive reading
give them a few more minutes to do further reading. then answer the questions one by one and make sure that they can answer them correctly.
1. first aid is usually given to somebody by a doctor or a nurse.
2. if a person can breathe, we should make sure there is no food at the back of the mouth.
3.if a person is not breathing, we must lay him on his back and leave him where he is.
4.when a person is bleeding badly, we should press our hands onto the bleeding point.
5.when a person is bitten by an animal, we should wash the wound under cold running water.
6.if a person is burnt , we ought to cool the area of the skin at once. see a doctor if a child has been burnt.
7.if a person has got a cut, we ought to wash the area of the cut and put a dry clean cloth on the cut.
8.young children should never get close to pools, lakes and rivers.
key: f, t, f, f, t, ,t, t,f
step 6 summary
put up two tables on the bb, showing the notes of the three important things to do and the three pieces of advice on dealing with common injuries.
number
three important things to do
1
check that the person can breathe.
2
try to start the breathing.
3
try to stop the bleeding at once.
common injuries
advice
animal bites
wash the wound under cold running water.
see a doctor as soon as possible.
burns
cool the area of skin at once. put dry clean cloth over the area of the burn. see a doctor.
cuts
wash the area of the cut, dry it and cover it with dry clean cloth.
step 6 watch the video
ask the ss to watch video about safety in the home. at last the t gives them some questions to understand this passage.
1. put guards round fires.
2. if a pan of oil catches fire, turn off the gas and get some water quickly.
3.keep empty bottles on a high shelf
4. make sure that young children cannot get close to pools ,lakes and rivers by themselves.
key: t f f t
step 7 oral practice
part 4. practise let some students work with a good student, covering the text but looking at the pictures. make sure that the sb are using the phrases correctly and listening for any common mistakes.
step 8homework
1. retell this passage with your own words.
2. finish off the workbook exercises.
高二英語(yǔ)教案:《Unit 8 First aid》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(一)
高二英語(yǔ)教案:《Unit 8 First aid》教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)(一)
Teaching Aims
1. Practise the dialogue.
2. Study the uses of same of the modal verbs.
3. Study the language points in the lesson.
4. Do the discussion practice in Part 2.
Teaching Aids
1.a tape recorder 2.a projector 3.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures
Step I Lead-in
The T show a picture and ask this question. After that the T tells them what do we learn today?
If you meet some road accidents, what would you do in such a situation?
Step II Watch and Listen
Let’s watch and listen the dialogue. After that , you are going to answer two questions.
1. What was the accident?
2. What did the girl injure?
Get two Ss to answer the questions. Check the answers.
1. A child ran into the street and knocked a girl off her bicycle.2). Her knee hurts, her knees and her head hurt too.
Step III Reading
1.Give the Ss a few more minutes to read the dialogue carefully. Then give them a few questions
(1)Why does Susan not agree to carry the girl to the side of the road?
1) Who do you think will come in a moment? Why?
2) What was the girl going to do?
Answers:1)Probably Susan has learned something about first aid. People mustn’t move someone if they are badly hurt. They should leave the person where he or she is.
(2) Some doctors and nurses will come. Because Chen Wei has just called the First Aida Centre.
(3) The girl was going go cook supper for her grandmother.
Step IⅤ Practice
1. Put the following sentences on the Bb. Get them to pay more attention when they are practising the dialogue.
We must carry her to the side of the road.
You shouldn’t move someone if they are badly hurt.
You should/ shouldn’t…
I ought to go home.
I have to cook supper for my grandmother.
2. Get the Ss to practise the first half of the dialogue, encourage some pairs to do it in class. Then get them to do group work, practising the second half of the dialogue, ask some groups to do it in front of the class.
Step V Performance
Give them topic and ask them prepare it for a while. After that they performance in front of the class.
You saw a runner falling down on the ground. You ran over to see what’s wrong. He was hurt badly. So make a dialogue with your partner and how to deal with it.
Step VI Homework
1. Do Ex. 2, Picture in the Workbook as written work. .Do Ex. 4.
2. Preview Lesson 30.