小學(xué)語(yǔ)文微課教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間：2020-11-14GlobalwarmingPeriod6 SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessment。
GlobalwarmingPeriod6 SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessment整體設(shè)計(jì)
教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析
Thisisthelastteachingperiodofthisunit，sotheemphasisshouldbeplacedongoingoverandsummarizingwhathasbeenlearnedinthisunit.Itincludesthefollowingparts：SummingUp，LearningTip，CheckingYourselfandsomeotherconsolidationexercises.
SummingUpsummarizesthewholeunitfromtheaspectsoftopicsandvocabularyandgrammar.Theteachercanfirstusethisparttoletstudentssumupwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandthenletthemfindoutwhattheycantunderstandverywell.
LearningTipgivesstudentsinstructionsonwhichkindofnounsbeginwithacapitalletter.Letthestudentsthinkaboutwhattheyalreadyknowabouttherulesandwhatnewinformationtheywillfind.
CheckingYourselfonPage68intheWorkbookaimsatencouragingstudentstomakeaself－assessmentaftertheyfinishlearningthisunit.Itisveryimportanttoimprovetheirlearning.Ofcourse，atestingassessmentisalsoneeded.
Inthisperiod，theteachercanalsoprovidemorepracticetoconsolidatewhatstudentshavelearnedinthisunit.
三維目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetstudentstomasteralltheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
2．Tohavestudentsunderstandthenewgrammaritem“theuseof‘it’(2)”better，andenablethemtousethesentencepatternscorrectly.
3．Todevelopthestudentsabilitytousetheimportantlanguagepointsinthisunit.
Processandmethods
Designsomeadditionalexercisesforstudentstodoinorderthattheycanlearntouseandgraspallthecontents.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．Toencouragestudentstolearnmoreaboutglobalwarmingandenvironmentalprotection.
2．Toinspirethestudentstothinkupmoreeffectivemeasurestopreventglobalwarming.
教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)
Usingwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunittosolverealproblems.
教學(xué)過(guò)程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Dictatesomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
?Step2 Lead－in
AskthestudentstoturntoPage32.Thinkaboutwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandticktheboxestoseehowwelltheyhavelearnedthem.
?Step3 Summingup
Fiveminutesforthestudentstosummarizewhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitbythemselves.Thencheckandexplainsomethingwherenecessary.
Suggestedanswers：
Writedownwhatyouhavelearnedaboutglobalwarming：
(Studentsanswersmayvary.)ThetemperatureoftheearthroseaboutonedegreeFahrenheitduringthe20thcentury.Itishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarming.Allscientistssubscribetotheviewthattheincreaseintheearthstemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuels.Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalledgreenhousegases，whichtrapheatandwarmtheearth.Withoutthegreenhouseeffect，theearthwouldbecoolerthanitis.Butscientistsdontagreewitheachotherontheeffectsofglobalwarming.Somethinkitwillbeadisaster，butsomeothersthinkitsagoodthingandwecandonothingtopreventthetrend.Byreadingthesecondpassage，wealsoknowsomeeasyandeffectivemeasureswecantaketodealwithglobalwarming.
Fromthisunityouhavealsolearned：
Someusefulwords：tend，oppose，state，glance，quantity，range，tendency，circumstance，opposed，steady，widespread，average，consume，subscribe，advocate，refresh，graph，phenomenon，fuel，data，trend，catastrophe，flood，consequence，existence，commitment，pollution，growth，motor，can，microwave，educator，contribution，presentation，disagreement，random，mild，outer，electrical，casual，nuclear，per
Someusefulexpressions：comeabout，subscribeto，quantitiesof，goup，resultin，beopposedto，evenif，keepon，onthewhole，onbehalfof，putupwith，solongas，andsoon，greenhouseeffect
Newgrammaritem：theuseof“it”—howtouse“it”foremphasisinasentence.
Functionalitems：howtoexpressagreementanddisagreement，blameandcomplaint.
?Step4 Practice
Showtheexercisesonthescreenorgiveoutexercisepapers.
Part1 Vocabulary
1．Researchersc______livingconditionsinLondonwiththoseinotherplaces.
2．Theirpricesarelowc______tothoseinothershops.
3．Idontthinkanybodym______toherapartfromherself.
4．Heprefersq______toqualitywhenfoodisconcerned.
5．Thed______wehavecollectedarenotenoughtobeconvincing.
6．Everythingwasinas______ofdisorder.
7．Whatisthea______rainfallforAugustinyourcountry?
8．Eachi______boyintheclasshashisownpersonalities.
9．Wehavebeenhavingafewa______inthecommitteelately.
10．Theywerep______inthehistoryofmusic.
11．Asac______ofbeinginhospital，Shellydecidedthatshewantedtobecomeanurse.
12．Adoctorhasthet______“Dr”infrontofhisname.
13．Thenumberofthechildrenintheschoolhasd______by500thisyear.
14．Thecookerisntworkingbecauseofane______fault.
15．Thefoodwascoldandtheguestsquarreled—thewholedinnerwasac______.
Part2 Usefulphrases
1．在20世紀(jì)期間____________
2．導(dǎo)致____________
3．另一方面____________
4．通過(guò)燃燒化石燃料____________
5．大量的____________
6．忍受污染____________
7．有關(guān)系，有影響____________
8．大體上，基本上____________
9．高達(dá)5攝氏度____________
10．發(fā)生____________
Part3 Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1．Anenergysourceisrenewablewhensuppliesofitnever____________.
2．Itisarapidincrease______________________________.
3．Thereis____________thattheearthisbecomingwarmingbutthereis__________________whetheritis__________________hascausedthisglobalwarmingorwhetheritis________________________.
4．______thegreenhouseeffect，theearth____________aboutthirty－threedegreesCelsius________________________.
5．The____________ofcarbondioxide______thatmoreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphere______the______________________________.
6．Itwas__________________CharlesKeeling______made__________________theamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.
7．Theyalsobelieve____________theburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthatis____________thisincreaseincarbondioxide.
8．Therearesomeverydifferent______amongscientists__________________.
9．SometimesIfeelthat______canthaveany__________________huge______problems.
10．Finallyandmost______，talk______yourfamilyandfriends______globalwarmingandtellthemwhatyouhavelearned.
11．Remember—your____________.
Part4 Multiplechoice
1．Isit______toyouthatthegovernmentishavingahardtimenow?
A．ofmuchimportantB．ofmuchconsequence
C．ofveryimportanceD．ofmuchconsequent
2．Somethingmustbedoneto______theriverfrom______.
A．stop；beingpollutedB．stop；polluting
C．prevent；pollutionD．keep；polluted
3．There______quantitiesofapplesinthebasketandtherewas______milkinthebucket.
A．were；anumberofB．was；quantitiesof
C．was；agoodmanyD．were；aquantityof
4．______wegetgoodweatheritwillbeasuccessfulholiday.Whichiswrong?
A．SolongasB．Providedthat
C．SolongD．Onconditionthat
5．—Goforapicnicthisweekend，OK?
—______.Ilovegettingclosetonature.
A．IdontthinksoB．Ibelievenot
C．IcouldntagreemoreD．Iamafraidnot
6．—Now，whereismypurse?
—______！Wewillbelateforthepicnic.
A．ComeonB．Dontworry
C．TakeyourtimeD．Takeiteasy
7．Itwasnotuntil1999______regularradiobroadcastbegan.
A．whileB．which
C．thatD．since
8．Canitbeintherestaurant______wehaddinnerlastSunday______youleftyourwallet?
A．where；whereB．where；that
C．that；whereD．that；that
9．—Whatsthematterwithyou?
—______thewindow，myfingerwascutunexpectedly.
A．CleaningB．Toclean
C．WhilecleaningD．WhileIwascleaning
10．Theotherday，mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.
A．a(chǎn)sB．which
C．thereD．what
Suggestedanswers：
Part1 Vocabulary
1．compared 2.compared 3.matters 4.quantity 5.data 6.state 7.average 8.individual 9.agreements 10.phenomena 11.consequence 12.title 13.decreased 14.electrical 15.catastrophe
Part2 Usefulphrases
1．duringthe19thcentury 2.leadto 3.ontheotherhand 4.throughtheburningoffossilfuels/byburningfossilfuels 5.agreatdealof/scoresof 6.putupwiththepollution
7．makeadifference 8.onthewhole 9.asmuchasfivedegreesCelsius(5℃) 10.comeabout
Part3 Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1．runout 2.comparedtomostnaturalchanges 3.nodoubt；fiercedebateover；humanactivitythat；justanaturalphenomenon 4.Without；wouldbe；coolerthanitis 5.increasedamount；means；causing；globaltemperaturetogoup 6.ascientistcalled；who；accuratemeasurementsof 7.itis；resultingin 8.attitudes；towardsthisissue 9.individuals；effectonsuch；environmental 10.importantly；with；about 11.contributioncounts
Part4 Multiplechoice
1～5BADCC 6～10ACBDD
?Step5 Learningtip
AskthestudentstoturntoPage32.Readthroughthepassageandmakesuretheyunderstandit.EncouragethemtodoasthepassagetellsbecauseiftheyaredoingsotheywillbeteachingthemselvesausefulwayofusingEnglishwords.
?Step6 Assessment
1．Checkingyourself(onPage68intheWorkbook)
Firstgetthestudentstothinkaboutthesequestionsindividually.Thentheycandiscussingroupssharingtheirexperience.Theteachercanjoininandgivethemadviceandsuggestionswherenecessary.
2．Testingassessment
Multiplechoice
1．______withthesizeofthewholeearth，thebiggestoceandoesnotseembigatall.
A．CompareB．Whencomparing
C．ComparingD．Whencompared
2．Pleasetellmehowtheaccident______.Iamstillinthedark.
A．camebyB．cameout
C．cametoD．cameabout
3．Theaccident______thedeathoftwopassengers.
A．resultedfromB．resultedin
C．resultedofD．resultedwith
4．ItisinthewestofChina______thereisnodoubt______itisgoingtoraintomorrow.
A．where；whetherB．that；that
C．that；whetherD．where；that
5．Itwas1969______theAmericanastronautssucceededinlandingonthemoon.
A．thatB．when
C．onwhichD．which
6．Itwas______backhomeaftertheexperiment.
A．notuntilmidnightdidhego
B．untilmidnightthathedidntgo
C．notuntilmidnightthathewent
D．untilmidnightwhenhedidntgo
7．Theressomedoubt______hellkeephispromise.
A．whetherB．if
C．thatD．which
8．The______parentswereall______forthechildrenssafety.
A．concerned；concerned
B．concerned；concerning
C．concerning；concerning
D．concerning；concerned
9．Thestudentsages______15to18.
A．rangeB．ranged
C．rangefromD．rangesfrom
10．______，wellgocamping.
A．WeatherpermitsB．Ifweatherwillpermit
C．Weatherpermitting D．Weatherpermitted
11．______，wewouldhavenotfinishedtheworkontime.
A．IfyoudidnthelpusB．Withoutyourhelp
C．WithoutyouD．Withyourhelp
12．—Iwillnotcomeheretomorrow.
—______tome，becauseIdontcare.
A．Itdoesntmakeanydifference
B．Itmakesmuchdifference
C．Itdoesntmakenodifference
D．Itmakesadifference
13．Youcangoout，______youpromisetobebackbefore11oclock.
A．a(chǎn)sfarasB．sofaras
C．whenD．a(chǎn)s/solongas
14．—Iapologizefornotbeingabletojoinyoufordinner.
—______.Wellgettogetherlater.
A．GoaheadB．Nottoworry
C．ThatsrightD．Dontmentionit
15．Christmasis______specialholidaywhen______wholefamilyaresupposedtogettogether.
A．the；theB．a(chǎn)；a
C．the；aD．a(chǎn)；the
Suggestedanswers：1～5DDBBB 6～10CAACC 11～15BADBD
?Step7 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2．ReviewandsummarizewhatyouhavelearnedinUnit4.
?Step8 Reflectionafterteaching
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
相關(guān)推薦
AhealthylifePeriod6 SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessme
AhealthylifePeriod6 SummingUp，LearningTipandAssessment
整體設(shè)計(jì)
教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析
Thisisthelastteachingperiodofthisunit，sotheemphasisshouldbeplacedongoingoverandsummarizingwhathasbeenlearnedinthisunit.Itincludesthefollowingparts：SummingUp，LearningTip，CheckingYourselfandsomeotherconsolidationexercises.
SummingUpsummarizesthewholeunitfromtheaspectsoftopics，vocabularyandgrammar.Theteachercanfirstusethisparttoletstudentssumupwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandthenletthemfindoutwhattheycantunderstandverywell.
LearningTipgivesstudentsinstructionsonhowtogetthegeneralideaofthetext.Letthestudentsthinkaboutwhattheyalreadyknowaboutthetopicandwhatnewinformationtheywillfind.
Finally，askstudentstofinishCheckingYourselfonPage61intheWorkbook.Thispartaimsatencouragingstudentstomakeaself－assessmentaftertheyfinishlearningthisunit.Itisveryimportanttoimprovetheirlearning.Ofcourse，atestingassessmentisalsoneeded.
Inthisperiod，theteachershouldalsoprovidemorepracticetoconsolidatewhatstudentshavelearnedinthisunit.
三維目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetstudentstomasteralltheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
2．Tohavestudentsunderstandthenewgrammaritem“theuseof‘it’”better，andenablethemtousethefollowingstructurescorrectly：It＋be＋(difficult/necessary/arule/aduty)＋for/ofsb.＋todosth.；It/This/Thatis＋thefirst/secondtime＋thatsb.has/havedonesth.；Itis/hasbeen＋years/days/weekssincesb.didsth.；Itwillbelong/hours/days/yearsbeforesb.do/doessth.
3．Todevelopthestudentsabilitytousetheimportantlanguagepointsinthisunit.
Processandmethods
Designsomeadditionalexercisesforstudentstodoinorderthattheycanlearntouseandgraspallthecontents.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．ToencouragestudentstolearnmoreabouthealthylifestylesandknowmoreaboutHIV/AIDS.
2．TohelpstudentstakeapositiveattitudetowardspeoplewithHIV/AIDS.
教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)
Usingwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunittosolverealproblems.
教學(xué)過(guò)程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Dictatesomeusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthisunit.
?Step2 Lead－in
AskthestudentstoturntoPage24.Thinkaboutwhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitandticktheboxestoseehowwelltheyhavelearnedthem.
?Step3 Summingup
Fiveminutesforthestudentstosummarizewhattheyhavelearnedinthisunitbythemselves.Thencheckandexplainsomethingwherenecessary.
Suggestedanswers：
(Studentsanswersmayvary.)FromthisunitIhavelearnedwhatahealthylifestyleisandhowtogetridofsmoking.IhavealsolearnedsomethingaboutHIV/AIDSandsomeHIV/AIDSprograms.
Fromthisunityouhavealsolearned：
usefulverbs：abusestressstrengthenbanquitaccustom
phrasalverbs：decideon feellike(doing) takerisks getinto
usefulnouns：effect cigarette alcohol adolescent withdrawal lung packet chemist comprehension appendix pill survival sex needle prejudice judgement abortion cigar
usefuladjectivesandadverbs：due automatic mental desperate ashamed disappointed awkward tough addicted pregnant abnormal breathless unfit illegal male female embarrassed
usefulexpressions:dueto inspiteof takerisks getinto atrisk beaccustomedto
newgrammaritem：theuseof“it”
?Step4 Practice
Showtheexercisesonthescreenorgiveoutexercisepapers.
Ⅰ.Wordspelling
1．Hisbehaviorwasbeyondc______.Icouldnotunderstandwhyhedidso.
2．Tomsi______behaviorledtohisbeingarrested，whichmadehisparentsdisappointed.
3．Toourdelight，thereareagreatmanys______fromthefireforthetimelyrescue.
4．Allthe______(女性的)workersinthisfactorygotapresentonMarch8.
5．Myfatherhasq______smoking.
6．Thedooropened______(自動(dòng)地)asweapproached.
7．Some______(青少年)havegotintothehabitoftakingdrugs.
8．M______healthisasimportantasphysicalhealth.
9．Thereisstillsometimeleftandweshouldntget______(絕望的)．
10．TheEnglishteachers______theimportanceofreadingaloud，whichisnecessaryforimprovingEnglish.
11．Inmyopinion，theInternetdoes______(加強(qiáng))therelationshipsbetweenmyfriendsandme.
Ⅱ.Fillintheblankswiththeexpressionsgivenbelow.Useeachexpressiononlyonceandmakechangeswherenecessary.
inspiteof dueto getaccustomedto outofbreath decideon throwaway feelliketakearisk getinto becomeaddictedto
1．Thetelevisionstationapologizedforthebadpicture，whichwas______thebadweatherconditions.
2．Thefathersaidthathissonhadbeenagoodstudentbeforehe______computergames.
3．Letsthinkitovertogetherand______aplanforaction.
4．Havinglivedthereforalongtime，theyoungman______theforeignfood.
5．Doyou______goingtoamovie?
6．Youshould______theseoldtablesandbuysomenewones.
7．He______whenhecrossedtheoldbridgebecauseitwasunderrepair.
8．Ifeelthatitisimportantto______thehabitofplanningtoachievegreatwealth.
9．______thesedifficulties，Iknowyouwillwinthecompetition.
10．Irantotheofficeallalongandwas______whenIgotthere.
Ⅲ.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishaccordingtotheunderlinedsentencepatterns.
1．Neither_did_I_knowthatmycigarettesmokecouldaffectthehealthofnon－smokers.
Theycouldntdowithoutpractice；______(實(shí)踐沒(méi)有理論也不行)．
2．Everytimeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette，remindyourselfthatyouareanon－smoker.
Youmustpresentyourlibraryticket______(你每次借書(shū)時(shí))．
3．What_I_did_knowwasthatmygirlfriendthoughtIsmeltterrible.
______(我確實(shí)知道)isthatsmokingdoesharmtohealth，butIstillcantgiveitup.
4．It_seems_amazing_thatatmyageImstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.
______(這看起來(lái)不可能)shewillrefusetheofferofhelp.
Ⅳ.Multiplechoice
1．Onceyouhavebecome______tocigarettesmokingoralcohol，itishardto______iteventhoughyoutryhard.
A．used；getawaywith B．a(chǎn)ddicted；getridof
C．a(chǎn)dapted；getdowntoD．a(chǎn)ccustomed；getoff
2．Youhavereally______ourtrustandexpectation.Howcomethatyouhavegotyourselfinvolvedinfamilyandchildabuses?
A．letdownB．disappointed
C．a(chǎn)busedD．broken
3．______thethickfoghangingaroundtheairport，hisplanewhichwas______at11：30landedtwohourslate.
A．Thanksto；believedtoarrive
B．Owingto；aboutarriving
C．Becauseof；supposedarriving
D．Dueto；duetoarrive
4．Forthebenefitofnon－smokers，theMayorstressedtheimportanceandurgencyto______inpublicplaces.
A．ridsmoking B．stopsmoking
C．bansmoking D．preventsmoking
5．Sheissoaccustomedto______aroundallthetimethathissuddenwithdrawalfromherworldcausedhergreatpanic.
A．himbeing B．being
C．himtobeD．havehimaround
6．Itisgenerallybelievedthatconstantreadingandcomprehendingcan______ourmentalabilityofcomprehensionwhilephysicalexercisecanhelpbuildupourbody.
A．stressB．effect
C．strengthenD．decide
7．Thoughmanyoftheheavysmokershaverealizedtheseriouseffectthatsmokinghas______theirhealth，theycontinuetosmokeinsteadof______.
A．for；givingitupB．on；leaving
C．to；abandoning D．on；quitting
8．______thefactthattherewasgreatprejudiceagainstwomenenteringmensprofessionthen，shesucceededasamanagerofabigcompany.
A．WhileB．Inspiteof
C．DespiteofD．As
9．______asthepatientslungstructurewas，thedoctorsstilldecidedto______toperformtheoperationonhim.
A．Informal；takeachance
B．Normal；takearisk
C．Abnormal；takerisks
D．Abnormal；takechances
10．Itis______ofyoutomakeyourteacher______infrontofsomanystudentsonpurpose.
A．shameful；embarrassed
B．a(chǎn)shamed；embarrassed
C．a(chǎn)shame；embarrass
D．a(chǎn)shamed；embarrassing
11．Eventhoughheknewhewouldputhisownlife______，hestillfelt______thenewlydiscoveredherbtofindoutwhatitwould______.
A．a(chǎn)tarisk；liketotry；feellike
B．a(chǎn)trisks；liketrying；feel
C．a(chǎn)trisk；liketotry；feelas
D．a(chǎn)trisk；liketrying；feellike
12．Whenadesperatemanbecomesdesperate______money，loveorsex，hewillstopatnothingtogetwhathewants，turningtoillegalmeansorevenrisking______hisownlife.
A．for；tolose B．for；losing
C．with；tolose D．a(chǎn)t；losing
13．Thedateforthenextroundsix－partytalk______butwhetherprogresswillbemaderemains______.
A．hasagreed；tobeseen
B．hasbeendecidedon；tobeseen
C．hasbeenreached；beingseen
D．hasbeendeterminedon；beingseen
14．Itis______foragirltobecomepregnantbeforemarriageinChinabutinsomedevelopedWesterncountriesitisaquite______andacceptablebehavior.
A．embarrassed；normal
B．disappointing；ordinary
C．a(chǎn)wkward；common
D．embarrassing；general
15．Ifoneorbothoftheparents______intothehabitofsmoking，theyarelikelyto______theirchildrenintothehabit，whichgetsthemintoalotofhealthproblems.
A．havegot；get B．hasgot；get
C．havefallen；fall D．hasformed；get
16．Oneshouldnotmakeflatteryan/a______partofonesbehaviorinlife.
A．naturalB．normal
C．a(chǎn)utomaticD．genuine
Firstgetthestudentstodotheexercises.Thentheanswersaregiven.Theteachercangivethemexplanationswherenecessary.
Suggestedanswers：
Ⅰ.1.comprehension 2.illegal 3.survivals 4.female 5.quitted 6.automatically
7．a(chǎn)dolescents 8.Mental 9.desperate 10.stresses 11.strengthen
Ⅱ.1.dueto 2.becameaddictedto 3.decideon 4.hasgotaccustomedto 5.feellike 6.throwaway 7.tookarisk 8.getinto 9.Inspiteof 10.outofbreath
Ⅲ.1.neithercouldpracticewithouttheory 2.everytimeyouborrowbooks 3.WhatIdoknow 4.Itseemsimpossible
Ⅳ.1～16BCDCA CDBCA DBBCA C
?Step5 Learningtip
AskthestudentstoturntoPage24.Readthroughthepassageandmakesuretheyunderstandit.Encouragethemtodoasthepassagetellsbecauseiftheyaredoingsotheywillbeteachingthemselvesausefulwayoflearning.
?Step6 Assessment
1．Checkingyourself(onPage61intheWorkbook)
Firstgetthestudentstothinkaboutthesequestionsindividually.Thentheycandiscussingroupssharingtheirexperience.Theteachercanjoininandgivethemadviceandsuggestionswherenecessary.
2．Testingassessment
Ⅰ.Completethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothetexts.
1．Ithinkmylongandactivelife______(要?dú)w功于)thehealthylifeIlive.
2．Yourmothertellsmethatyoustartedsmokingsometimeagoandnowyouarefinding______(戒掉它很困難)．
3．Yousee，duringadolescenceIalsosmokedand______(吸煙上癮)．
4．Thismeansthatafterawhileyourbody______(習(xí)慣了)havingnicotineinit.
5．Asyouknow，ifyoudothesamethingoverandoveragain，youbegintodoit______(自動(dòng)地)．
6．WhenIwasyoung，Ididntknowmuchaboutthe______(吸煙的危害性)．
7．Ifyou______(感到?jīng)]辦法)，youmightliketotalktoadoctororchemistaboutsomethingtohelpyou.
8．Everytimeyoufeellikesmoking，______(提醒你自己)thatyouareanon－smoker.
9．______(盡管)allhiseffortshefailedintheexamatlast.
10．IfyoudevelopAIDS，your______(生存的幾率)areverysmall.
Ⅱ.Multiplechoice
1．Ihate______whenthelightturnsgreen，peopledontmoveuntilitisabouttoturnredagain.
A．itB．that
C．theseD．them
2．Iwasdisappointedatthisnovel.Ihadexpected______tobemuchbetter.
A．thatB．it
C．oneD．this
3．Johnspeaksinalowvoice；______isdifficulttoknowwhatheissaying.
A．itB．that
C．soD．which
4．Mywatchismissing.Icantfind______anywhere.
A．oneB．ones
C．it D．that
5．______MarywasfreeonMondaymorning.
A．Thathappened B．Itishappenedthat
C．IthappenedtoD．Ithappenedthat
6．______iskind______youtohavetakengoodcareofmybaby.
A．This；to B．It；for
C．It；ofD．That；of
7．Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder，but______didnthelp.
A．itB．he
C．sheD．which
8．Idontthink______possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithouthardwork.
A．thisB．that
C．itsD．it
9．Jessicaheardaterriblenoise，______broughtherheartintohermouth.
A．itB．which
C．thisD．that
10．Is______necessarytocompletethedesignbeforetheweekend?
A．thisB．that
C．it D．he
11．______willbegoodtodosomeexerciseeverymorning.
A．ItB．There
C．ThoseD．You
12．Wethink______ourdutytopaytaxestothegovernment.
A．thatB．this
C．itsD．it
13．______fouryearssinceIjoinedthearmy.
A．Itwas B．Thereis
C．ItisD．Therewas
14．______appearstome______thereportmustbetrue.
A．That；it B．It；that
C．It；itD．That；that
15．TheclimateofShanghaiisbetterthan______ofParis.
A．thatB．it
C．whichD．what
Suggestedanswers：
Ⅰ.1.mustbedueto 2.itdifficulttogiveitup 3.becameaddictedtocigarettes 4.becomesaccustomedto 5.automatically 6.harmfuleffectsofsmoking 7.feeldesperate 8.remindyourself 9.Inspiteof 10.chancesofsurvival
Ⅱ.1～5ABACD 6～10CADBC 11～15ADCBA
?Step7 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2．ReviewandsummarizewhatyouhavelearnedinUnit3.
?Step8 Reflectionafterteaching
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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GlobalwarmingPeriod2 LanguageStudy
GlobalwarmingPeriod2 LanguageStudy
整體設(shè)計(jì)
教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析
Theemphasisofthisperiodwillbeplacedontheimportantnewwords，phrasesandsentencepatternsinWarmingUp，Pre－reading，Reading，ComprehendingandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsinLearningaboutLanguage.Therearealtogether53newwordsandphrasesinthesefiveparts.20ofthemaremarkedwithtriangles，whichshowsthatthestudentsneedntlearnthembyheart.Itisenoughtorecognizethemwhenmeetingthemwhilereadingthepassage.Theother33shouldallberemembered，amongwhichthefollowingwordsandexpressionsareevenmoreimportant：tend，range，subscribeto，goup，widespread，state，glance，steady，tendency，keepon，onthewhole，quantityof，beopposedto，comeabout，resultin，evenif.Theyareallveryusefulandimportant.Soarethesentencepatterns“...itisarapidincreasewhencomparedtoothernaturalchanges.”and“Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer...”Weoughttopaymoreattentiontothem.
三維目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetthestudentstolearntousethefollowingimportantnewwordsandphrasesfreely：tend，range，subscribeto，goup，widespread，state，glance，steady，tendency，keepon，onthewhole，quantityof，oppose，comeabout，resultin，evenif.
2．Togetthestudentstounderstandandusethefollowingimportantandusefulsentencepatterns：
(1)．..itisarapidincreasewhencomparedtoothernaturalchanges.
(2)Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer...
Processandmethods
1．Tohelpthestudentstounderstandthemeaningsoftheaboveusefulnewwordsandexpressionsinthecontext，andthengivesomeexplanationsaboutthem，andatlastoffersomeexercisestomakestudentsmastertheirusages.
2．Toaskthestudentstomakeuptheirownsentencesbyimitatingtheabovesentencepatterns.
3．Attheendoftheclass，makestudentsdomoreexercisesforconsolidation.Indoingso，theycanlearn，graspandusetheseimportantlanguagepointswell.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．TostimulatestudentsinterestinlearningEnglish.
2．Todevelopstudentssenseofcooperationandteamwork.
教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)
1．Importantnewwordsandexpressions：quantityof，oppose，comeabout，resultin，evenif.
2．Importantandusefulsentencepatterns：
(1)．..itisarapidincreasewhen_compared_toothernaturalchanges.
(2)There_is_no_doubt_thattheearthisbecomingwarmer...
3．Somedifficultandlongsentencesinthetext.
教學(xué)過(guò)程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Asksomestudentstotalkaboutglobalwarming.
?Step2 Readingandfinding
GetstudentstoreadthroughWarmingUp，Pre－reading，Reading，ComprehendingandDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionsinLearningaboutLanguagetounderlineallthenewwordsandusefulexpressionsorcollocationsintheseparts.Readthemaloudandcopythemdownintheexercisebook.
?Step3 Practiceforusefulwordsandexpressions
1．TurntoPage28.GothroughtheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulwordsandexpressionswithstudentsandmakesuretheyknowwhattodo.
2．Givethemseveralminutestofinishtheexercises.Theyfirstdothemindividually，andthendiscussandcheckthemwiththeirpartners.
3．Checktheanswerswiththewholeclassandexplaintheproblemstheymeetwherenecessary.
?Step4 Vocabularystudy
Ⅰ.簡(jiǎn)單知識(shí)掃描
1．tend(P26)
Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.
這意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中，從而引起全球溫度上升。
(1)Wesometimestendtothinkthattheoceanbottomismadeupofsmoothplains.
我們往往誤以為海底由平坦的平原構(gòu)成。
(2)Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.
處于壓力下的人容易發(fā)揮自己全部的潛力。
(3)Doctorsandnursestended(to)theinjured.醫(yī)生和護(hù)士護(hù)理受傷的人。
tendvi.vt.意思是“往往會(huì)，趨于，傾向；照料，護(hù)理”。作“照料，護(hù)理”講時(shí)，常與介詞to搭配。
(1)救護(hù)車上的救護(hù)人員在照料受傷的工人。
Ambulancecrews______theinjuredworkers.
(2)男孩往往比女孩個(gè)子高。
Boys______tallerthangirls.
Suggestedanswers：(1)weretending(to) (2)tendtobe
2．range(P27)
...itwillencourageagreaterrangeofanimals—allofwhichwillmakelifeforhumanbeingsbetter.
這將促進(jìn)動(dòng)物的生長(zhǎng)——所有這一切都會(huì)使人類的生活變得更好。
(1)Maybethequestionisbeyondtherangeofhumanunderstanding.
或許這個(gè)問(wèn)題超越了人類理解的范圍。
(2)Youcanseearangeofmountainsstandingonthetopofthetower.
站在塔頂你可以看到一系列山脈。
(3)Thetemperaturerangesbetweentenandthirtydegrees.
氣溫在十至三十度之間。
(4)Irangedthebooksontheshelfby/accordingtosize.
我把書(shū)依大小順序排在書(shū)架上。
rangen.意思是“范圍；射程；山脈；行列”；v.意思是“變化；排列；歸類于”，常用于rangefrom...to...結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“從……到……范圍內(nèi)變化”。
有年齡從七歲到十四歲的兩百個(gè)男孩。
Therearetwohundredboys______________.
Suggestedanswer：rangingfromseventofourteeninage
3．subscribeto(P26)
Allscientistssubscribe_totheviewthattheincreaseintheearthstemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal，naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.
所有科學(xué)家都贊同這樣的觀點(diǎn)：人們?yōu)榱松a(chǎn)能量而燃燒化石燃料(如煤、天然氣、石油等)，從而引起了地球溫度的升高。
(1)Thechildreneachsubscribed5pencetobuyapresentforNickinhospital.
孩子們每人出五便士為住院的尼克買禮品。
(2)Allthepeoplepresentsubscribetotheopinionputforwardbythechairman.
參加會(huì)議的人全部同意主席提出的意見(jiàn)。
(3)Ihavesubscribedtothatmagazineforyears.
我訂閱那本雜志已好幾年了。
subscribeto的意思有“捐款；捐助；同意，贊同；訂購(gòu)(報(bào)紙、雜志等)”等。
Thegovernmentcalledonallthecitizensto______arelieffund.
A．subscribetoB．a(chǎn)greetoC．a(chǎn)mounttoD．shiftto
Suggestedanswers：A
4．goup(P26)
Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogo_up.
這意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中，從而引起全球溫度上升。
(1)Theelevatorwentuptothefourthfloor.電梯升到了四樓。
(2)Asyougoupamountain，youhavetoovercometheearthsgravitywhichpullsyoudown.
上山時(shí)你必須克服把你往下拉的地球引力。
(3)Pricesoffruitandvegetableshavegoneup.
水果和蔬菜的價(jià)格上漲了。
動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)goup的意思有“升；攀登；向上去，沿(街)而去；漲價(jià)”等。類似意義的詞還有rise，increase等。其反義詞是：godown，falldown，decrease。
(1)物價(jià)又上漲了。Prices______again.
(2)到處都蓋起新的大樓。Newbuildings______everywhere.
Suggestedanswers：(1)havegoneup (2)aregoingup
5．keepon(P27)
Evenifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeep_onwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.
盡管我們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的排放量，但是在未來(lái)的幾十年或幾個(gè)世紀(jì)里氣候?qū)?huì)持續(xù)變暖。
(1)Theairplanekeptonflyingatahighaltitude.這架飛機(jī)持續(xù)在高空飛行。
(2)Hekeptonsmokingafterthedoctortoldhimtostop.
醫(yī)生勸告他戒煙，可他仍繼續(xù)抽。
(3)Heiskeepingonthehouseinhishometown.他把家鄉(xiāng)的那所房屋保留著。
(4)Keepstraightonandyoullcometothemarket.一直往前走就到市場(chǎng)。
(5)Ihavefailedseveraltimes，butIstillkeepon.
我已經(jīng)失敗了好幾次，但我仍然堅(jiān)持下去。
keepon意為“繼續(xù)(做某事)；不顧困難、反對(duì)或警告而堅(jiān)持(做某事)；繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，繼續(xù)工作”等。
EvenifIfailagain，Iwill______workingharduntilIsucceed.
A．giveupB．turnto
C．keeponD．thinkof
Suggestedanswer：C
6．onthewhole(P28)
On_the_wholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern.
大體上，地球變暖是一種引起巨大關(guān)注的現(xiàn)象。
Theweatherthismonthhasbeengoodonthewhole.
這個(gè)月的天氣基本上是好的。
Livingintownispleasantbut，onthewhole，Ilikethecountrybetter.
住在城里是愉快的，但是，總的來(lái)看，我更喜歡農(nóng)村。
onthewhole意為“總的看來(lái)；大體上；基本上”，相當(dāng)于ingeneral，mostly，可位于句首、句中或句尾。
翻譯句子
總的看來(lái)，我認(rèn)為他那樣做是對(duì)的。
Suggestedanswer：Onthewhole，Ithinkhewasquiterighttoactashedid.
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)知識(shí)探究
1．oppose(P27)
Ontheotherhand，therearethose，likeGeorgeHambley，whoareopposedtothisview，believethatweshouldnotworryabouthighlevelsofcarbondioxideintheair.
另一方面，像喬治漢布利那些人，他們反對(duì)這種觀點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為我們不應(yīng)該為空氣中二氧化碳含量高擔(dān)心。
Manymembersofthecouncilopposedthebuildingoftheluxuryhousesinthecentreofthecity.
許多市議會(huì)議員反對(duì)在市中心建造豪華型住宅。
Manyresidentsareopposedtotheplanofbuildingthemotorway.
許多居民反對(duì)修建那條高速公路的計(jì)劃。
opposevt.vi.意為“反對(duì)；使對(duì)立；使對(duì)抗；抗?fàn)帯?，后面可直接跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可用于beopposedto(doing)sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。
oppose，object和resist
三者都含有“反對(duì)”的意思，但是用法有區(qū)別。
oppose為常用詞，指“對(duì)某人、某事采取積極行動(dòng)來(lái)反對(duì)”，著重動(dòng)作，尤指“反對(duì)一種觀念、思想、計(jì)劃等”。如：
Thefatheropposedtohissonsmarriage.父親反對(duì)兒子的婚事。
object常指“用言論或論據(jù)等表示反對(duì)”，著重“個(gè)人嫌厭”和“(由于與個(gè)人有關(guān)因此)提出反對(duì)意見(jiàn)”。如：
Iobjectedtohisplan.我反對(duì)他的計(jì)劃。
resist指“積極地反抗、對(duì)抗；用武力阻止……的前進(jìn)”，如：
Thevillagerswereunitedtoresisttheenemy.
村民們團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)抵抗敵人。
我們堅(jiān)決反對(duì)在國(guó)與國(guó)之間實(shí)行強(qiáng)權(quán)政治。
We______firmly______thepracticeofpowerpoliticsbetweennations.
Suggestedanswers：are；opposedto
2．comeabout(P26)
Sohowhasthiscome_aboutanddoesitmatter？這種情況是怎么發(fā)生的，有什么影響？
Withtheuseofelectricity，greatchangeshavecomeabout.
隨著電的使用，種種大變化發(fā)生了。
Theaccidentcomesaboutinthisway.這事故就是這樣發(fā)生的。
Manyaquarrelhascomeaboutthroughamisunderstanding.
許多爭(zhēng)執(zhí)都是由于誤會(huì)產(chǎn)生的。
comeabout意為“發(fā)生，造成”，有時(shí)用it作主語(yǔ)，后面跟that引導(dǎo)的從句。
comeabout與happen，occur，takeplace的異同。
comeabout與happen，occur，takeplace同義。takeplace常指經(jīng)過(guò)安排的。happen指“偶然發(fā)生”，等于occur。happento＋v.意為“偶然/碰巧做出”。
Ithappens/happenedthat－clause...碰巧……
occur/happen＋to(prep.)．..發(fā)生在……
occur＋to(prep.)．..想起……
Itoccur(－s/－ed)(tosb.)＋todosth./that－clause想起，想到
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
Shehappenedtobeoutwhenhecalled.
A：It______thatshe________________________whenhecalled.
B：She______nottobe______whenhecalled.
C：It____________shewasnotathomewhenhecalled.
Suggestedanswers：A：happened；wasnotathome B：happened；home C：cameabout
3．resultin(P26)
Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresulted_inthisincreaseincarbondioxide.
他們還一致認(rèn)為，正是因?yàn)樵絹?lái)越多的化石燃料的燃燒才導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增長(zhǎng)。
Thesemeasuresresultedinagreatvictory.
由于采取了這些措施，打了一個(gè)大勝仗。
Theplotresultedinfailure.陰謀以失敗告終。
resultin的意思是“產(chǎn)生，導(dǎo)致”，與cause或leadto同義，其主語(yǔ)是起因；in的賓語(yǔ)是結(jié)果。resultfrom的意思是“由……引起，產(chǎn)生”，與liein，asaresultof和becauseof同義，其主語(yǔ)是結(jié)果，from的賓語(yǔ)是起因。
同義句轉(zhuǎn)換
(1)Hisfailureresultedfromnotworkinghardenough.
Notworkinghardenough____________hisfailure.
(2)Hissicknesswascausedbyeatingtoomuch.
A．Hissickness____________eatingtoomuch.
B．Hewasill______heatetoomuch.
C．________________________eatingtoomuch，hewasill.
Suggestedanswers：(1)resultedin (2)resultedfrom；because；Asaresultof
4．quantitiesof(P26)
Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantities_ofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere.
當(dāng)我們把大量額外的二氧化碳排入大氣層的時(shí)候，問(wèn)題就出現(xiàn)了。
(1)Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.桌子上有許多食品(堅(jiān)果)。
(2)Greatquantitiesofsandwerewasheddownthehillsidebytherain.
雨水把大量的泥沙沖下山坡。
(3)Hecollectedquantities(aquantity)ofoldpictures.
他收集了大量的舊畫(huà)。
(4)Thereisonlyasmallquantityofwineleft.只剩下很少一點(diǎn)酒了。
quantitiesof＝aquantityof，意為“大量的”，既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。quantitiesof無(wú)論修飾可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)名詞，后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用復(fù)數(shù)。
另外，quantity前面還可以加修飾成分，構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)有acertainquantityof(一定數(shù)量的)，alarge(great，good)quantityof(大量的)，asmallquantityof(少量的……)，large(great，good)quantitiesof(大量的)，smallquantitiesof(少量的……)。
(1)quantity量，數(shù)量。如：
Withoutquantitytherecanbenoquality.沒(méi)有數(shù)量就沒(méi)有質(zhì)量。
Thegovernmenthasbeenbuyingsilveringreatquantities.
政府一直在大量購(gòu)進(jìn)白銀。
(ingreat/smallquantities意為“大/少量”，用作狀語(yǔ)。)
(2)表示“大量的”時(shí)，可用以下形式：
①修飾可數(shù)名詞
many，agreat/largenumberof，great/largenumbersof，agood/greatmany(后面沒(méi)有of)，manya(后接單數(shù)名詞，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式)
②修飾不可數(shù)名詞
much，agreat/largeamountof，great/largeamountsof，agreat/gooddealof
③既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞
alotof＝lotsof，aquantityof＝quantitiesof，amassof＝massesof，plentyof(前面沒(méi)有a)
▲這些短語(yǔ)均常被形容詞修飾，如：alargenumberof，asmallamountof，agreatquantityof。
▲quantitiesof/amountsof＋不可數(shù)名詞＋復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞；alotof/lotsof/plentyof＋不可數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
▲inamount/amounts/quantity/quantities/number意為“在數(shù)量上，大量地”。
(1)Weaimatqualityratherthan______.
A．numberB．a(chǎn)mount
C．figureD．quantity
(2)Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodearth______eachyear.
A．iswashingawayB．isbeingwashedaway
C．a(chǎn)rewashingawayD．a(chǎn)rebeingwashedaway
Suggestedanswers：(1)D (2)D
5．evenif(P27)
Even_ifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.
盡管我們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的排放量，但是在未來(lái)的幾十年或幾個(gè)世紀(jì)里氣候?qū)?huì)持續(xù)變暖。
Evenifitrainedheavily，westillmarchedon.即使大雨傾盆，我們還是繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。
Evenifyouareagoodhigh－jumper，youjumpnomorethanthreemeters.
即使是個(gè)優(yōu)秀的跳高運(yùn)動(dòng)員，你也跳不過(guò)三米。
Weshallgo，evenifitrains.就是下雨，我們也要去。
evenif有“雖然、即使、盡管”的意思，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，可以與eventhough互換，語(yǔ)氣比although和though強(qiáng)，可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。
though，although引導(dǎo)讓步從句的用法：
though，although引導(dǎo)讓步從句時(shí)，后面的從句不能有but，但是可以用yet。如：
Althoughitsraining，theyarestillworkinginthefield.
雖然在下雨，但他們?nèi)栽诘乩锔苫睢?br> Heisveryold，buthestillworksveryhard.
雖然很老了，但他仍然努力地工作。
Thoughthesorebehealed，yetascarmayremain.
傷口雖愈合，但傷疤留下了。(諺語(yǔ))
(1)Wellmakeatrip______theweatherisbad.
A．a(chǎn)sforB．evenif
C．becauseofD．a(chǎn)slongas
(2)______sheisyoung，sheknowsquitealot.
A．WhenB．However
C．AlthoughD．Unless
Suggestedanswers：(1)B (2)C
Ⅲ.詞匯綜合運(yùn)用
1．用括號(hào)中所給的單詞或短語(yǔ)翻譯下列句子。
(1)即使一個(gè)工人持續(xù)工作三十余年，他依然買不起房。(evenif)
(2)總起來(lái)說(shuō)，中國(guó)的房?jī)r(jià)太高。而且房?jī)r(jià)還在持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。(onthewhole；tend；keepon)
(3)他們堅(jiān)決要求把房?jī)r(jià)控制在一定的范圍內(nèi)。(range)
(4)盡管政府已經(jīng)采取了一些措施，但是房?jī)r(jià)依然在上漲，這導(dǎo)致了許多問(wèn)題。(although；goup；resultin)
(5)許多人想知道這是如何造成的。(comeabout)
(6)他們反對(duì)政府采取的一些措施。(oppose)
Suggestedanswers：
(1)Evenifaworkerworkscontinuallyformorethanthirtyyears，hestillcantaffordahouse.
(2)Onthewhole，thepriceofhousesinChinaistoohigh.Andittendstokeeponrising.
(3)Theyinsistthatthepriceofhousesshouldbecontrolledwithinarange.
(4)Althoughthegovernmenthastakensomemeasures，thepriceofhousesisstillgoingup，whichhasresultedinmanyproblems.
(5)Manypeoplewanttoknowhowitcomesabout.
(6)Theyopposesomemeasurementstakenbythegovernment.
2．連句成篇(按照一定的邏輯順序適當(dāng)調(diào)整句子的順序，把上面的句子連成一篇小短文，必要時(shí)增加適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞。)
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Suggestedanswers：
Onthewhole，thepriceofhousesinChinaistoohigh.Andittendstokeeponrising.Althoughthegovernmenthastakensomemeasures，thepriceofhousesisstillgoingup，whichhasresultedinmanyproblems.Evenifaworkerworkscontinuallyformorethanthirtyyears，hestillcantaffordahouse.Manypeoplewanttoknowhowitcomesabout.Theyopposesomemeasurementstakenbythegovernmentandinsistthatthepriceofhousesshouldbecontrolledwithinarange.
?Step5 Sentencefocus
1．...butitisarapidincreasewhen_compared_toothernaturalchanges.(P26)
……但是，同自然界的其他變化相比，這種升高是迅速的。
這是一個(gè)省略句，補(bǔ)全之后是．..butitisarapidincreasewhenitiscomparedtoothernaturalchanges。
一般說(shuō)來(lái)，省略現(xiàn)象多出現(xiàn)在下列五種狀語(yǔ)從句中：
(1)由when，while，as，before，after，till，until，once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；
(2)由whether，if，unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句；
(3)由though，although，evenif，whatever等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；
(4)由as，than等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句；
(5)由as，asif，asthough等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句。
上述狀語(yǔ)從句在省略時(shí)，并非任何成分都可以省略，而是遵循以下原則：
(1)當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可以省略狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞be，這時(shí)從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結(jié)構(gòu)：
①連詞(as，asif，once)＋名詞。如：
Once(hewas)aworker，PangLongnowbecomesafamoussinger.
龐龍?jiān)?jīng)是個(gè)工人，現(xiàn)在成了一位著名的歌手。
②連詞(though，whether，when)＋形容詞。如：
Workhardwhen(youare)young，oryoullregret.
趁年輕要努力學(xué)習(xí)，要不然你會(huì)后悔的。
③連詞(whether，asif，while)＋介詞短語(yǔ)。如：
Helookedeverywhereasif(hewas)insearchofsomething.
他到處看似乎在找什么東西。
④連詞(when，while，though)＋現(xiàn)在分詞。如：
While(hewas)holdingtalkswithPresidentHuJintao，USPresidentGeorgeW．BushthankedChinaforitsimportantroleintheSix－PartyTalks.
在與胡錦濤主席會(huì)談時(shí)，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什感謝中國(guó)在六方會(huì)談中起的重要作用。
⑤連詞(when，if，evenif，unless，once，until，than，as)＋過(guò)去分詞。如：
Theexhibitionismoreinterestingthan(itwas)expected.
這次展覽比被預(yù)料的有趣得多。
⑥連詞(asif，asthough)＋不定式。如：
OlympicgoldmedalisthurdlerLiuXiangopenedhislipsasif(hewere)tospeak.
奧林匹克金牌獲得者跨欄運(yùn)動(dòng)員劉翔張開(kāi)嘴，好像要說(shuō)什么。
(2)當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)是it，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中又含有系動(dòng)詞be時(shí)，可以把it和系動(dòng)詞be一起省略。此時(shí)構(gòu)成連詞(if，unless，when，whenever)＋形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：
Unless(itis)necessary，youdbetternotrefertothedictionary.
如果沒(méi)有必要，你最好不要查字典。
2．There_is_no_doubt_thattheearthisbecomingwarmer...(P26)
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地球正在變暖……
在Thereisnodoubt后?？筛鷗hat引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句(在肯定句中，doubt后面有時(shí)可跟whether引導(dǎo)的從句)。
Thereisnodoubtthatyouwillsucceedifyoutryyourbest.
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)如果你盡最大努力你一定會(huì)成功。
Thereisnodoubtthathewillcomeontime.他一定會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)來(lái)。
類似常用結(jié)構(gòu)：
Thereisnoknowing/telling...沒(méi)法知道/說(shuō)……
Thereisnoneed...沒(méi)有必要……
Thereisnoquestion...……是沒(méi)有問(wèn)題的。
Thereisnoreason...沒(méi)有理由……
Thereisnopossibilitythat...……是沒(méi)有可能的。
Itisno/smallwonderthat...(Nowonderthat)．..難怪……
Itisawonderthat...……真奇怪/真是令人驚奇。
?Step6 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.DoExercise1inUsingWordsandExpressionsinyourexercisebook.
2．Learntheusefulnewwordsandexpressionsbyheart.
?Step7 Reflectionafterteaching
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GlobalwarmingPeriod3 Grammar—theUseof“It”(2)
GlobalwarmingPeriod3 Grammar—theUseof“It”(2)
整體設(shè)計(jì)
教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析
Thisteachingperiodmainlydealswiththegrammar：theuseof“it”．“It”hasmanyusagesintheEnglishlanguage.“It”canbeusedasapronounandtheformofsubjectandobject，andbeusedtoexpressemphasis.FromUnit3weknowthat“it”canbeusedasapronounandtheformofsubjectandobject.Inthisunitwewilllearnthat“it”canbeusedtoexpressemphasis.Thiskindofsentenceiscalledemphasizedsentences.Itsmainformis“Itis/was...that/who...”，whichisaveryusefulsentencepattern.
三維目標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)
Knowledgeandskills
1．Togetthestudentstoknowthestructureoftheemphasizedsentences.
2．Toletthestudentslearntheusagesoftheemphasizedsentences.
3．Toenablethestudentstousetheemphasizedsentencescorrectlyandproperly.
Processandmethods
1．Toaskthestudentstoreadthereadingpassageagain，pickouttheemphasizedsentencesfromthereadingpassageandtranslatethemintoChinese.
2．Toaskthestudentstodiscoverthestructureandusagesoftheemphasizedsentencesbycomparingalotofexamplesentences.
3．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage29tomastertheemphasizedsentences.
4．Toaskthestudentstosummarizetheusagesoftheemphasizedsentences.
5．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinUsingStructuresonPage64andsomeotheradditionalexercisesforconsolidation.
Emotion，attitudeandvalue
1．Togetthestudentstobecomeinterestedingrammarlearning.
2．Todevelopthestudentsabilityofcomparingandsummarizing.
教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)
1．Togetthestudentstomasterthestructureandusagesoftheemphasizedsentences.
2．Toenablethestudentstolearnhowtousetheemphasizedsentences.
教學(xué)過(guò)程
?Step1 Revision
1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.
2．Dictatesomenewwordsandexpressions.
?Step2 Warmingup
Askthestudentstocomparethetwosentencesbelow.Thesecondsentenceisfromthereadingpassage.TranslatethemintoChineseandthendiscussanydifferenceinmeaningandform.Askthestudentstoexplainwhy“it”isusedinthesecondsentence.
Humanactivityhascausedthisglobalwarming.
It_ishumanactivity_thathascausedthisglobalwarming.
Tellthestudentstherearetwomoresentencesinthetextinwhich“it”isusedforemphasis.Findthemandthenwritethemdown.
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Suggestedanswers：
1．It_wasascientistcalledCharlesKeeling，whomadeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1997.
2．...it_istheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.
?Step3 Grammarlearning
Askthestudentstostudythefollowingsentencesandtrytosummarizethestructureoftheemphasizedsentences.
Tomfoundmypenintheclassroomyesterday.ItwasTomwho/thatfoundmypenintheclassroomyesterday.ItwasmypenthatTomfoundintheclassroomyesterday.ItwasintheclassroomthatTomfoundmypenyesterday.ItwasyesterdaythatTomfoundmypenintheclassroom.
?Step4 Summingup
Trytohelpthestudentsdrawthefollowingconclusions.
1．Themainstructureoftheemphasizedsentencesis“Itis/was...that/who...”．
2．Theemphasizedsentencescanbeusedtoemphasizethesubject，objectandadverbial(includingadverbialoftimeandadverbialofplace)．
3．Whenwewanttoemphasizethesubject，objectandadverbial，weonlyneedtoputthesepartsbetween“itis/was”and“that/who”，therestpartshouldntbechanged.
4．Whentheemphasizedpartisapersonwecanuseboththestructure“Itis/was...that...”andthestructure“Itis/was...who...”．Whentheemphasizedpartisnotapersonwecanonlyusethestructure“Itis/was...that...”．
?Step5 Grammarpractice
Askstudentstodothefollowingexercises：
1．Changethefollowingsentencesintoemphasizedsentences.(Toemphasizetheunderlinedparts.)
(1)Peterlentusthemoney.
(2)Theywantmoney.
(3)Allthishappenedon_Monday.
(4)Ididnthearfromheruntil_last_summer.
(5)WhydoeseveryonethinkIamnarrow－minded?
Suggestedanswers：
(1)ItwasPeterwholentusthemoney.
(2)Itismoneythattheywant.
(3)ItwasonMondaythatallthishappened.
(4)ItwasnotuntillastsummerthatIheardfromher.
(5)WhyisitthateveryonethinksIamnarrow－minded?
Thelasttwomaybealittledifficultforthestudents.Helpthemtogetthecorrectanswer.
2．DoExercise2inDiscoveringusefulstructuresonPage29.
3．DotheexercisesinUsingStructuresonPage64.
Firstaskstudentstodotheexercisesindividually，andthenletthemdiscussandchecktheiranswerswiththeirpartners，andfinallygivethemcorrectanswersanddealwithanyproblemstheymightmeet.
?Step6 Gettingmoreaboutthegrammar
Showthefollowingsentencestothestudentsandaskthemtofindwhatthesimilarityofthesesentencesis.
1Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaythatmatters.2Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesiredthatherealizeditwasnotsoimportant.3ItwasnotuntilshegothomethatJenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.
Suggestedanswers：
Inthesethreesentences，theunderlinedpartsareallclauses—asubjectclauseandtwoadverbialclauses.Thatistosay，theemphasizedsentencecannotonlybeusedtoemphasizesubject，objectandadverbial，butalsobeusedtoemphasizesubjectclausesandadverbialclauses.Payspecialattentiontothethirdsentence，inwhich“not”and“until”mustbeputtogether.
ThenshowthefollowingtwosentencestostudentsandaskthemtotranslatethemintoChinese.Payattentiontothesentencepattern.
1Wasitin1969thattheAmericanastronautssucceededinlandingonthemoon？2Whowasitthatputsomanylargestonesontheroad？
Suggestedanswers：(1)美國(guó)宇航員是于1969年成功登陸月球的嗎？
(2)究竟是誰(shuí)在路上放了這么多大石頭？
Thegeneralquestionsentencesandthewh－questionsentencesoftheemphasizedsentencesshouldfollowthefollowingformulas：
Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他部分
Wh－疑問(wèn)詞＋is/wasitthat＋其他部分
?Step7 Task－basedlearning
Askstudentstochooseatopictheylike(eg.globalwarming，wildlife，protection，music，film，etc)．Workingroupsandtrytotelltheinformationtheyknowaboutthetopicusingemphatic“it”．
EXAMPLES：
Itwasduringthe20thcenturythatthetemperatureoftheearthwentupaboutonedegreeFahrenheit.
ItwasCharlesKeelingwhomadeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere.
?Step8 Closingdownbyaquiz
Showstudentsthefollowingonthescreenorgiveouttestpaperstothemandthenaskthemtofinishtheseexercisesin10minutes.
1．Wasitinthisplace______theyoncebuiltatallbuilding?
A．thatB．inwhich
C．beforeD．which
2．Itis______heoftenbreakstheschoolrules______makeshisheadteacherunsatisfiedwithhim.
A．what；thatB．that；what
C．that；thatD．because；that
3．ItisbecauseEnglishisbeingwidelyusedatpresent______.
A．whywelearnithardB．thatwelearnithard
C．whichwemustlearnD．whenweshouldlearn
4．—Wasitwhathesaidorsomethingthathedid______madeyoucrysosadly，Sarah?
—No，notreally.
A．whichB．that
C．whenD．what
5．______thepeoplehavebecomemastersoftheircountry______sciencecanreallyservethepeople.
A．Itisonlythen；thatB．Itwasthat；when
C．Itisonlywhen；thatD．Itwaswhen；then
6．—Ithinkwehavemetthewordbefore.
—Yes.Itisinthereadingmaterial______we______readingyesterday.
A．that；didB．that；were
C．when；wereD．when；did
7．Itwasthere，thepolicebelieve，______shewasabletoactivatetherecordershekeptinherbag.
A．untilB．which
C．thatD．when
8．Itwasthissenseoffailure______madehimdeterminedtosucceedinhisnewlife.
A．whoB．which
C．thatD．why
9．______thatsomanypeoplethinkthatbeingperfectisthewaytogo?
A．ItiswhyB．Whyisit
C．WhyitisD．Iswhyit
10．Whenaskedtoexplain______hedoestomakehisstudentssoenthusiasticaboutschool，hepausesandthinksdeeply.
A．whatitisthatB．thatwhatitis
C．whatisitthatD．thatwhatisit
11．—WasntitDrWangwhospoketoyoujustnow?
—______.
A．IdidntknowwhowasB．Yes，itwas
C．No，hewasntD．Yes，hedid
12．Itwas______hesaidatthemeetinglastnight______mademeangry.
A．what；thatB．that；that
C．what；whatD．that；what
13．Was______thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?
A．ityouB．notyou
C．youD．thatyourself
14．Itwasthenervousnessintheinterview______probablylosthimthejob.
A．whichB．since
C．thatD．what
15．Itwas______Ireachedthere______Ibegantoknowsomethingaboutthematter.
A．until；whenB．until；that
C．notuntil；thatD．notwhen；that
16．Itwas______myfatherworked______Iworkednow.
A．where；thatB．where；when
C．that；whereD．that；that
17．Whatasillymistakeitis______youvemake!
A．it B．that
C．thisD．which
Suggestedanswers：1～5ACBBC 6～10BCCBA 11～15BAACC 16～17AB
?Step9 Homework
1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.
2．PreviewthenewwordsandexpressionsleftinUnit5andthepassageonPage30.Markanyparttheycantunderstandwell.
?Step10 Reflectionafterteaching
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勸學(xué)6
關(guān)鍵在于，它把深?yuàn)W的道理寓于大量淺顯貼切的比喻之中，運(yùn)用比喻時(shí)手法又極其靈活自然，生動(dòng)鮮明而絕無(wú)枯燥的學(xué)究氣。從不同的角度和側(cè)面來(lái)闡述“學(xué)不可以已”的道理，堪稱雄辯奇才，口若懸河，滔滔不絕，文中所用的喻體幾乎都是常見(jiàn)的、易懂的，這些仿佛信手拈來(lái)的通俗明了的比喻，都會(huì)使人自然而然地聯(lián)想到某些直觀、淺近的形象事物，進(jìn)而連類比物，啟迪思考，接受作者所說(shuō)的深刻道理。所有這些，也是很值得我們借鑒和學(xué)習(xí)的。
教案點(diǎn)評(píng)：
《勸學(xué)》是《荀子》第一篇，“勸”是“勸勉”的意思?！秳駥W(xué)》論述了學(xué)習(xí)的意義、作用、方法和態(tài)度，反映了先秦儒家在教育方面的某些正確觀點(diǎn)，也體現(xiàn)了作為先秦諸子思想集大成者的荀子文章的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格。學(xué)習(xí)本課首先要了解《荀子》及相關(guān)知識(shí)。再掌握并積累重要的文言文實(shí)詞和虛詞。掌握本文出現(xiàn)的通假字、詞類活用和特殊文言句式。最后學(xué)習(xí)本文比喻論證、對(duì)比論證的方法，提高學(xué)生圍繞中心論點(diǎn)合理論證的能力。
教案示例二
第一課時(shí)?
教學(xué)內(nèi)容：
讓學(xué)生熟讀課文，掌握重要的文言文實(shí)詞和虛詞，翻譯全文，理解文意。?
步驟與方法：?
1.看“預(yù)習(xí)提示”，自讀課文，讀準(zhǔn)字音，初步了解課文。
2.教師出示應(yīng)掌握的實(shí)詞和虛詞，讓學(xué)生默讀課文，對(duì)照注釋弄明白。若有解決不了的問(wèn)題，提出來(lái)集體解答。
3.同桌輪流口譯課文。翻譯不準(zhǔn)確的，對(duì)方應(yīng)指出來(lái)加以糾正或共同討論；二人都解決不了的問(wèn)題，提出來(lái)集體解決。
4.教師提問(wèn)幾個(gè)重、難點(diǎn)的語(yǔ)句，了解學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)情況。
5.布置作業(yè)：背誦課文。
第二課時(shí)
教學(xué)內(nèi)容：
學(xué)習(xí)本文比喻論證、對(duì)比論證的方法，提高學(xué)生圍繞中心論點(diǎn)合理論證的能力。
教學(xué)過(guò)程：
一、分析第一自然段
師：同學(xué)們，荀況特別強(qiáng)調(diào)教育和后天學(xué)習(xí)的重要性，《勸學(xué)》就闡明了學(xué)習(xí)的重要性和學(xué)習(xí)方法，請(qǐng)問(wèn)本文的中心論點(diǎn)是什么?
生：“學(xué)不可以已?！?/p>
(板書(shū)：學(xué)不可以已)
師：請(qǐng)同學(xué)們齊背第一自然段。?
（生集體背誦）
師：請(qǐng)問(wèn)本段論述了什么內(nèi)容?
生：論述了學(xué)習(xí)的意義。
師：運(yùn)用什么方法論述的?
生：比喻。
師：很好。本文作者運(yùn)用了5個(gè)比喻，從不同角度論述了學(xué)習(xí)的意義。作者以青出于藍(lán)、冰寒于水兩個(gè)比喻，說(shuō)明了什么道理?
(板書(shū)：青出于藍(lán)，冰寒于水)
生：說(shuō)明事物經(jīng)過(guò)一定的過(guò)程會(huì)發(fā)生變化。
師：發(fā)生什么樣的變化?
生：在原有的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步提高、發(fā)展。
師：對(duì)。作者又以“直木為輪”為喻，說(shuō)明什么道理呢?
(板書(shū)：直木為輪)
生：說(shuō)明事物可以后天改造。
師：對(duì)。誰(shuí)能說(shuō)得更全面、更具體些?
生：比喻說(shuō)明人的資質(zhì)可以通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)改變，而且一旦提高和發(fā)展了，就不會(huì)回復(fù)到原來(lái)的狀態(tài)，即人若不斷地學(xué)習(xí)下去，會(huì)發(fā)生質(zhì)的變化。
師：很好?！敖鹁偷Z”“木受繩”兩個(gè)比喻引出什么結(jié)論?
(板書(shū)：金就礪、木受繩)
生：“君子博學(xué)而日參省乎己，則知明而行無(wú)過(guò)矣?！?/p>
(板書(shū)：知明而行無(wú)過(guò))
師：此句與本段哪句相照應(yīng)?
生：“學(xué)不可以已?！?/p>
師：對(duì)。荀子提出人性本惡的思想，認(rèn)為只有用教育來(lái)陶冶，用禮法來(lái)約束，才能把這種生而具有的“惡”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤吧啤?。這里作者運(yùn)用5個(gè)比喻闡述學(xué)習(xí)的重要性。學(xué)習(xí)是人發(fā)展的過(guò)程，如果不停止地學(xué)習(xí)，人的知識(shí)、才能、品德會(huì)不斷地增進(jìn)、提高，達(dá)到“知明而行無(wú)過(guò)”的境界。
二、分析第二自然段
先請(qǐng)一名學(xué)生背誦第二自然段。?
師：很好。同學(xué)們思考一下本段寫(xiě)了幾層內(nèi)容?
生：分三層。第1句為第一層，第2、3句為第二層，第4句為第三層。
師：對(duì)。第一層闡明什么內(nèi)容?
生：正面闡明學(xué)習(xí)的重要性。
