小學三年英語教案
發(fā)表時間:2021-12-06高三英語教案:《代詞復習》教學設計。
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本文題目:高三英語語法復習教案:代詞復習教案
一、人稱代詞是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我們"、"你們"、"他們"的詞。人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化,見下表:
數(shù) 單數(shù) 復數(shù)
格 主格 賓格 主格 賓格
第一人稱 I me we us
第二人稱 you you you you
第三人稱 he him they them
she her they them
it it they them
例如:He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。
It's me. 是我。
二、 物主代詞是表示所有關系的代詞,也可叫做代詞所有格。物主代詞分形容性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種,其人物和數(shù)的變化見下表。
數(shù) 單數(shù) 復數(shù)
人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
形容詞性物主代詞 my your his/her/its our your their
名詞性物主代詞 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs
例如: I like his car. 我喜歡他的小汽車。
Our school is here,and theirs is there. 我們的學校在這兒,他們的在那兒。
三、 指示代詞表示"那個"、"這個"、"這些"、"那些"等指示概念的代詞。指示代詞有this,that,these,those等。
例如:That is a good idea. 那是個好主意。
四、 表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我們自己"、"你們自己"和"他們自己"等的代詞,叫做自身代詞,也稱為
"反身代詞"。
例如:She was talking to herself. 她自言自語。
五、 表示相互關系的代詞叫相互代詞,有each other 和one another兩組,但在運用中,這兩組詞沒什么大的區(qū)別。
例如:They love each other.他們彼此相愛。
六、 不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。常見的不定代詞有a11,both,each,every等,以及含有some-,any-,no-等的合成代詞,如anybody, something,no one。這些不定代詞大都可以代替名詞和形容詞,在句中作主語、賓語、表語和定語,但none和由some,any,no等構成的復合不定代詞只能作主語、賓語或表語;every和no只能作定語。
例如:--- Do you have a car? --你有一輛小汽車嗎?
--- Yes,I have one. --是的,我有一輛。
--- I don't know any of them. 他們,我一個也不認識。
七、 疑問代詞有who,whom,whose,what和which等。在句子中用來構成特殊疑問句。疑問代詞都可用作連接代詞,引導名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句)
例如:Tell me who he is. 告訴我他是誰。
八、 關系代詞有who,whom,whose,that,which,as等,可用作引導從句的關聯(lián)詞。它們在定語從句中可作主語、
表語、賓語、定語等;另一方面它們又代表主句中為定語從句所修飾的那個名詞或代詞(先行詞)。
例如:He is the man whom you have been looking for. 他就是你要找的那個人。
3.1 人稱代詞的用法
1)人稱代詞的主格在句子中作主語或主語補語。例如:
John waited a while but eventually he went home. 約翰等了一會兒,最后他回家了。
John hoped the passenger would be Mary and indeed it was she. 約翰希望那位乘客是瑪麗,還真是她。
說明:在復合句中,如果主句和從句主語相同,代詞主語要用在從句中,名詞主語用在主句中。例如:
When he arrived, John went straight to the bank. 約翰一到就直接去銀行了。
2)人稱代詞的賓格在句子中作賓語或介詞賓語,但在口語中也能作主語補語,第一人稱在省略句中,還可以作主語。
例如: I saw her with them, at least, I thought it was her. 我看到她和他們在一起,至少我認為是她。(her做賓語,them做介詞賓語,her做主語補語)
a. -- Who broke the vase? --誰打碎了花瓶?
b. -- Me. --我。(me做主語補語= It's me.)
說明:在上面兩例句中,her和me分別作主語補語?,F(xiàn)代英語中多用賓格,在正式文體中這里應為she和I。
3.2 人稱代詞之主、賓格的替換
1) 賓格代替主格
a.在簡短對話中,當人稱代詞單獨使用或在not 后,多用賓語。
---- I like English. --我喜歡英語。
---- Me too. --我也喜歡。
---- Have more wine? --再來點酒喝嗎?
---- Not me. --我可不要了。
b.在表示比較的非正式的文體中,常用賓格代替主格。 但如果比較狀語的謂語保留,則主語只能用主格。
He is taller than I/me.
He is taller than I am.
2) 主格代替賓格
a. 在介詞but,except 后,有時可用主格代替賓格。
b. 在電話用語中常用主格。
---- I wish to speak to Mary. --我想和瑪麗通話。
---- This is she. --我就是瑪麗。
注意:在動詞be 或to be 后的人稱代詞視其前面的名詞或代詞而定。
I thought it was she. 我以為是她。(主格----主格)
I thought it to be her. (賓格----賓格)
I was taken to be she.我被當成了她。 (主格----主格)
They took me to be her. 他們把我當成了她。 (賓格----賓格)
3.3 代詞的指代問題
1)不定代詞 anybody,everybody,nobody,anyone, someone, everyone,no one, 及whoever和person在正式場合使用時,可用he, his, him代替。
例如: Nobody came, did he? 誰也沒來,是嗎?
2)動物名詞的指代一般用it或they代替,有時也用he, she,帶有親切的感情色彩。
例如: Give the cat some food. She is hungry. 給這貓一些吃的。她餓了。
3)指代車或國家,船舶的名詞,含感情色彩時常用she。
3.4 并列人稱代詞的排列順序
1)單數(shù)人稱代詞并列作主語時,其順序為:第二人稱-> 第三人稱 -> 第一人稱,即you-> he/she; it -> I。
例如:You, he and I should return on time.
2) 復數(shù)人稱代詞作主語時,其順序為:第一人稱 -> 第二人稱 -> 第三人稱,即we ->you->they。
注意: 在下列情況中,第一人稱放在前面。
a. 在承認錯誤,承擔責任時,
It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和約翰惹她生氣了。
b. 在長輩對晚輩,長官對下屬說話時,如長官為第一人稱,
如:I and you try to finish it. 我和你去弄好它。
c. 并列主語只有第一人稱和第三人稱時。
d. 當其他人稱代詞或名詞被定語從句修飾時。
3.5 物主代詞
1)物主代詞既有表示所屬的作用又有指代作用。例如:
John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk.
約翰割破了手指,顯而易見,他桌子上有個破玻璃杯。
物主代詞有形容詞性(my, your等)和名詞性(mine, yours等)兩種,形容詞性的物主代詞屬于限定詞。名詞性的物主代詞在用法上相當于省略了中心名詞的--'s屬格結構。例如:
Jack's cap 意為The cap is Jack's。
His cap 意為The cap is his。
2) 名詞性物主代詞的句法功能
a. 作主語。例如:
May I use your pen? Yours works better. 我可以用一用你的鋼筆嗎?你的比我的好用。
b. 作賓語。例如:
I love my motherland as much as you love yours. 我深愛我的祖國就像你深愛你的祖國一樣。
c. 作介詞賓語。例如:
Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.
你應當按我所用的詞義去解釋我說的話,而不能按你自己的去解釋。
d. 作主語補語。例如:
The life I have is yours. It's yours. It's yours. 我的生命屬于你,屬于你,屬于你。
3.6 雙重所有格
物主代詞不可與 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which等詞一起前置,修飾一個名詞,而必須用雙重所有格。公式為:a, an, this, that +名詞+of +名詞性物主代詞。例如:a friend of mine, each brother of his.
3.7 .反身代詞
1) 1) 列表
數(shù) 單數(shù) 復數(shù)
人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
人稱代詞 I you he/she/it we you they
反身代詞 myself yourself yourself/herself/himself ourselves yourselves themselves
另外:one的反身代詞為oneself
2)做賓語
a. 有些動詞需有反身代詞,如absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave等。例如:
We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. 我們昨晚玩得很開心。
Please help yourself to some fish. 請你隨便吃點魚。
b. 用于及物動詞+賓語+介詞,如take pride in, be annoyed with, help oneself to sth等。例如:
I could not dress(myself)up at that time. 那個時候我不能打扮我自己。
注:有些動詞后不跟反身代詞,如:get up, sit-down, stand up, wake up等。例如:
Please sit down. 請坐。
3) 用作表語,如結構be oneself。例如:
I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服。
4) 用作同位語
The thing itself is not important.事情本身并不重要。
5) 在不強調的情況下,but, except, for 等介詞后賓語用反身代詞或人稱代詞賓格均可。如:No one but myself(me)is hurt.
注意:
a. 反身代詞本身不能單獨作主語。
(錯) Myself drove the car.
(對) I myself drove the car. 我自己開車。
b. 但在and, or, nor連接的并列主語中,第二個主語可用反身代詞,特別是myself 作主語。例如:
Charles and myself saw it. 查爾斯和我看見了這件事。
3.8 相互代詞
1)相互代詞只有each other和one another兩個詞組。他們表示句中動詞所敘述的動作或感覺在涉及的各個對象之間是相互存在的。例如:
It is easy to see that the people of different cultures have always copied each other.
顯而易見,不同文化的人總是相互借鑒的。
2)相互代詞的句法功能:
a. 作動詞賓語;
People should love one another. 人們應當彼此相愛。
b. 可作介詞賓語;
Does bark, cocks crow, frogs croak to each other. 吠、雞鳴、蛙兒對唱。
說明:傳統(tǒng)語法認為,相互關系存在于兩個人或物之間用each other, 存在于兩個以上人和物之間用one another?,F(xiàn)代英語中,兩組詞交替使用的實例也很多。例如:
He put all the books beside each other/one another. 他把所有書并列擺放起來。
Usually these small groups were independent of each other. 這些小團體通常是相互獨立的。
c. 相互代詞可加-'s構成所有格。例如:
The students borrowed each other's notes. 學生們互借筆記。
3.9 指示代詞
1) 指示代詞分單數(shù)(this / that)和復數(shù)(these / those)兩種形式,既可作限定詞又可做代詞。例如:
單數(shù) 復數(shù)
限定詞 This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers.
代詞 This is Mary. Those are my teachers.
2) 指示代詞的句法功能;
a. 作主語。例如:
This is the way to do it. 這事兒就該這樣做。
b. 作賓語。例如:
I like this better than that. 我喜歡這個甚至那個。
c. 作主語補語。例如:
My point is this. 我的觀點就是如此。
d. 作介詞賓語。例如:
I don't say no to that. 我并未拒絕那個。
There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。
說明1:指示代詞在作主語時可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分時只能指物,不能指人。例如:
(對)That is my teacher. 那是我的老師。(that作主語,指人)
(對)He is going to marry this girl. 他要和這個姑娘結婚。(this作限定詞)
(錯)He is going to marry this. (this作賓語時不能指人)
(對)I bought this. 我買這個。(this指物,可作賓語)
說明2:That和those可作定語從句的先行詞,但this和 these不能,同時,在作先行詞時,只有those可指人,試比較:
(對) He admired that which looked beautiful. 他贊賞外表漂亮的東西。
(對) He admired those who looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人)
(錯) He admired that who danced well. (that作賓語時不能指人)
(對) He admired those who danced well. 他贊賞跳舞好的人。(those指人)
(對) He admired those which looked beautiful. 他贊賞那些外表漂亮的東西。(those指物)
3.10 疑問代詞
1) 疑問代詞在句中起名詞詞組的作用,用來構成疑問句。疑問代詞有下列幾個:
指人: who, whom, whose
指物: what
既可指人又可指物: which
2) 疑問代詞在句中應位于謂語動詞之前,沒有性和數(shù)的變化,除who之外也沒有格的變化。what, which, whose還可作限定詞。試比較:
疑問代詞:Whose are these books on the desk? 桌上的書是誰的?
What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion? 美國的領土擴張是朝哪個方向的?
限定詞:Whose books are these on the desk? 桌上的書是誰的?
What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States?
哪些事件使密西西比河以東的大部分土地歸屬于美國?
說明1:無論是做疑問代詞還是限定詞,which 和 what 所指的范圍不同。what所指的范圍是無限的,而which則指在一定的范圍內。例如:
Which girls do you like best? 你喜歡哪幾個姑娘?
What girls do you like best? 你喜歡什么樣的姑娘?
說明2:Whom是who的賓格,在書面語中,它作動詞賓語或介詞賓語,在口語中作賓語時,可用who代替,但在介詞后只能用whom, 例如:
Who(m)did you meet on the street? 你在街上遇到了誰?(作動詞賓語)
Who(m) are you taking the book to? 你要把這書帶給誰?(作介詞賓語,置句首)
To whom did you speak on the campus? 你在校園里和誰講話了?(作介詞賓語,置介詞后,不能用who取代。)
說明3: 疑問代詞用于對介詞賓語提問時,過去的文體中介詞和疑問代詞通常一起放在句首,現(xiàn)代英語中,疑問代詞在句首,介詞在句末。例如:
For what do most people live and work? 大部分人生活和工作的目的是什么?(舊文體)
What are you looking for? 你在找什么?(現(xiàn)代英語)
說明4: 疑問代詞還可引導名詞性從句。例如:
I can't make out what he is driving at. 我不知道他用意何在。
Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed? 你能告訴我床上的藍襯衣是誰的嗎?
Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you.
你說的我大部分同意,但并不完全贊同。
3.11. 關系代詞
1) 關系代詞用來引導定語從句。它代表先行詞,同時在從句中作一定的句子成分。例如:
The girl to whom I spoke is my cousin. 跟我講話的姑娘是我表妹。
該句中whom既代表先行詞the girl,又在從句中作介詞to的賓語。
2) 關系代詞有主格,賓格和屬格之分,并有指人與指物之分。在限定性定語從句中,that 可指人也可指物,見表:
指人 指物 指人或指物
主 格 who which that
賓 格 whom that that
屬 格 whose of which/whose of which/whose
例如:This is the pencil whose point is broken. 這就是那枝折了尖的鉛筆。(whose 指物,在限定性定語從句中作定語)
He came back for the book which he had forgotten. 他回來取他丟下的書。(which指物,在限定性定語從句中作賓語,可以省略)
說明:非限定性定語從句中,不能用that作關系代詞。
3) 關系代詞which的先行詞可以是一個句子。例如:
He said he saw me there, which was a lie. 他說在那兒看到了我,純屬謊言。
說明: 關系代詞在從句中作賓語時可以省略。另外,關系代詞that在從句中作表語時也可省略,例如:
I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew. 我過去懂拉丁語,現(xiàn)在大都忘了。
He's changed. He's not the man he was. 他變化很大,已不是過去的他了。
3.12 every , no, all, both, neither, nor
1)不定代詞有all , both, every, each, either, neither, more, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no 以及some, something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, no one, none, everybody, everyone.等。
2)不定代詞的功能與用法
a. 除every 和no外不定代詞既可用作名詞,也可用作形容詞。every和no在句中只能作定語。例如:
I have no idea about it. 我不知該咋辦。
b. all 都,指三者以上。all 的主謂一致:all的單復數(shù)由它所修飾或指代的名詞的單復數(shù)決定。例如:
All goes well. 一切進展得很好。
all 通常不與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用,如:不說 all the book,而說 the whole book。
但all可與表時間的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用,如 all day,all night, all the year;但習慣上不說 all hour,all century。
all還可以與一些特殊的單數(shù)名詞連用,如 all China,all the city,all my life,all the way
3)both 都,指兩者。
a. both 與復數(shù)動詞連用,但 both… and…可與單數(shù)名詞連用。
b. both, all 都可作同位語,其位置在行為動詞前, be 動詞之后。如果助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面的實義動詞省去,則位于助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之前。例如:
Who can speak Japanese? 誰能講日本話?
We both(all)can. 我們都不會。
4)neither 兩者都不
a. neither作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
b. 作定語與單數(shù)名詞連用,但neither… nor 用作并列連詞,可與復數(shù)名詞連用。其謂語采用就近原則。
c. 可用于下列句型,避免重復。例如:
She can't sing,neither(can)he. 她不會唱歌,他也不會。(dJz525.coM 勵志的句子)
5)neither 與nor 的比較
a. 如前句是否定式從句,則主句用neither,而不用 nor。例如:
If you don't do it,neither should I. 如果你不干,我也不干。
b. 如后連續(xù)有幾個否定句式,則用nor,不用neither。例如:
He can't sing,nor dance,nor skate. 他不會唱歌,不會跳舞,也不會滑冰。
3.13 none, few, some, any, one, ones
一、 none 無
1) none作主語,多與of 構成短語 none of。 在答語中,none可單獨使用。例如:
Are there any pictures on the wall? 墻上有畫嗎?
None. 沒。
2) none作主語,謂語動詞單復數(shù)均可。但如做表語,則其單復數(shù)與表語一致。例如:
It is none of your business. 閑事莫管。
二、few 一些,少數(shù)
few 作主語時,謂語動詞用復數(shù),多用于肯定句。
三、some 一些
1) 可與復數(shù)名詞及不可數(shù)名詞連用。
2) 當做"某一"解時,也可與單數(shù)名詞連用。(= a certain)
You will be sorry for this some day. 總有一天,你會為此后悔的。
A certain (some) person has seen you break the rule. 有些人不同意你的看法。
注意:
(1)在肯定疑問句中用some代替any。
(2)some用于其他句式中:
a.肯定疑問句中:說話人認為對方的答案會是肯定的,或期望得到肯定回答時。
Would you like句式中,表委婉請求或建議。例如:
Would you like some coffee? 喝咖啡嗎?
b.在條件狀語從句中表示確定的意義時。例如:
If you need some help,let me know. 需要幫助,跟我說。
c.some位于主語部分。例如:
Some students haven't been there before. 有些學生沒去過那兒。
d.當否定的是整體中的部分時,some可用于否定句。例如:
I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years. 這些年我沒有收到一些老朋友的信。
四、any 一些
1) any 多用于否定句和疑問句和條件狀語從句中。
當句中含有任何的意思時,any可用于肯定句。
Here are three novels. You may read any. 這有三本小說,你可任讀一本。
五、one, 復數(shù)形式為ones
ones必須和形容詞連用。如果替代的名詞時無形容詞在前,則用some, any,而不用ones。例如:
Have you bought any rulers? 買尺了嗎?
Yes, I 've bought some. 買了,買了幾把。
3.14 one,that 和it
one表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。that與所指名詞為同類,但不是同一個,而it 與所指名詞為同一個。例如:
I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one.(不定)我找不到我的帽子了。我想我該去買一頂。
The hat you bought is bigger than that I bought.(同類但不同個)你買的那頂帽子比我買的大。
I can't find my hat. I don' t know where I put it.( 同一物)我找不到我的帽子。我不知道我把它放在哪了。
3.15 one/another/the other
one… the other 只有兩個
some… the others 有三個以上
one… another,another…
some… others,others…
others = other people/things
the others = the rest 剩余的全部
1) 泛指另一個用another。
2) 一定范圍內兩人(物),一個用one,另一個用the other。
3) 一定范圍內三者,一個用one,另一個用one (another),第三個可用the other,a third。
4) 一定范圍內,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用the others。
5) 泛指別的人或物時,用others當在一定范圍內,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部時,也用others。
3.16 “the”的妙用
He is one of the students who help me.
He is the one of the students who helps me. 他是幫我的學生之一。
第一句定語從句與the students 一致。
第二句定語從句與the one 一致。
3.17 anyone/any one;no one/none;every/each
1.anyone 和 any one
anyone僅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物。
2.no one 和none
a) none 后跟of短語,既可指人又可指物,而no one只單獨使用,只指人。
b) none 作主語,謂語動詞用單,復數(shù)均可,而no one作主語謂語動詞只能是單數(shù)。例如:
None of you could lift it. 你們中沒有人可舉起它。
---- Did any one call me up just now? --剛才有人打電話給我嗎?
---- No one. --沒有。
3.every 和each
1) every 強調全體的概念, each強調個體概念。例如:
Every student in our school works hard. 我們學校的學生都很用功。
Each student may have one book.. 每個學生都可有一本書。
2) every 指三個以上的人或物(含三個),each指兩個以上的人或物 (含兩個)。
3) every 只作形容詞,不可單獨使用。each可作代詞或形容詞。例如:
Every boy has to take one. 每個男孩必須取一個。
Each boy has to take one.
Each of the boys has to take one.
4) every不可以作狀語,each可作狀語。
5) every 有反復重復的意思,如 every two weeks等; each沒有。
6) every 與not 連用,表示部分否定; each 和not連用表示全部否定。例如:
Every man is not honest. 并非每個人都誠實。
Each man is not honest. 這兒每個人都不誠實。
3.18 both, either, neither, all, any, none
這些詞都可用作代詞或形容詞。其位置都在be 動詞之后,行為動詞之前或第一個助動詞之后。
1) both (兩者都),either(兩者中任何一個),neither (兩者都不)。以上詞使用范圍為兩個人或物。例如:
Neither of the two boys is clever. 兩個男孩都不聰明。
2) both,either
both與復數(shù)連用,either與單數(shù)連用。例如:
Both the boys are clever. 兩個男孩都很聰明。
Either of the two boys is clever.
There are flowers on both sides of the street. 路邊長滿了野花。
There are flowers on either side of the street.
3) all (所有的,全部的人或物),any (任何一個), none (都不)。 以上詞使用范圍為三者以上。例如:
All the flowers are gone. 所有的花都謝了。
I don't like any of the flowers. 這些花我都不喜歡。
I like none of the flowers. 這些花我都不喜歡。
注意:all與none用法一樣。跟單數(shù)名詞,用單數(shù)動詞;跟復數(shù)名詞,用復數(shù)動詞。例如:
All of the students are there. 所有的學生都在那。
All (of) the milk is there. 所有的牛奶都在那。
3.19 many, much
Many,much都意為"許多", many + 可數(shù)名詞,much + 不可數(shù)名詞。例如:
How many people are there at the meeting? 多少人出席了會議。
How much time has we left? 還剩多少時間?
Many of the workers were at the meeting.許多工人在開會。
Much of the time was spent on learning.學習上化了許多時間。
3.20 few, little, a few, a little
(a) few + 可數(shù)名詞, (a) little + 不可數(shù)名詞
a few / a little 為肯定含義,還有一點
few / little 為否定含義,沒有多少了。例如:
He has a few friends. 他有幾個朋友。
He has few friends. 他幾乎沒有朋友。
We still have a little time. 我們還有點時間。
There is little time left. 幾乎沒剩下什么時間了。
固定搭配:only a few (=few) not a few (=many) quite a few (=many) many a (=many)。例如:
Many books were sold.
Many a book was sold. 賣出了許多書。
典型例題:
Although he 's wealthy,he spends___ on clothes.
A. little B. few C. a little D. a few
答案: A. spend所指的是錢,不可數(shù),只能用little或 a little. 本句為although引導的讓步狀語從句,由句意知后句為否定含義,因此應用little表示幾乎不。
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高三英語教案:《Art復習》教學設計
一名愛崗敬業(yè)的教師要充分考慮學生的理解性,高中教師要準備好教案為之后的教學做準備。教案可以讓上課時的教學氛圍非常活躍,幫助高中教師營造一個良好的教學氛圍。關于好的高中教案要怎么樣去寫呢?下面是小編精心為您整理的“高三英語教案:《Art復習》教學設計”,希望能對您有所幫助,請收藏。
本文題目:高三英語一單元復習教案:Art復習教案
1、aim n. & v.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) She went to London with the aim of finding a job.
(2) He took aim at the bird,fired and missed it.
(3) I drove fast,aiming for / at catching the last bus.
(4) The hunter aimed at the lion and fired.
根據(jù)語義找匹配
A. 目標,目的 (n.) B. 瞄準 (n.)
C. 瞄準,對準 (v.) D. 意欲,旨在 (v.)
(1) A (2) B (3) D (4) C
without aim 漫無目的地
with the aim of 以期……,意在……
achieve one's aim 達到目的
miss one's aim 希望落空,失敗
take aim at 向……瞄準 aim at 瞄準
aim at(for) doing sth./aim to do sth. 旨在做某事
be aimed at 目的是,旨在……
aimless adj. 無目的的 aimlessly adv. 無目的地
用aim的適當形式填空
A person with the (1) aim (n.) of being a success should always do things (2) aiming (v.) at what he has (3) aimed (v.) for. Though sometimes he will be (4) aimless (adj.) not knowing what to do; but when he realize what he is (5) aimed (v.) at and make firm steps, he will in time achieve his (6) aim (n.).
2、adopt vt.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) My mother was adopted when she was four.
(2) Our school has adopted a new teaching method.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 收養(yǎng),領養(yǎng) B. 采用
(1) A (2) B
adopt an approach / strategy / policy采用某方法 / 戰(zhàn)略 / 政策
an adopted son 養(yǎng)子
用adopt的適當形式填空
When Tracy discovered that she was an (1) adopted ( adj. ) child, she felt depressed. She thought for two days and then decided to (2) adopt (v.) her best friend Charlie's suggestion — to find her birth mother.
3、possession n.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)The car Tom was in_possession_of was once in_the_possession_of his uncle.
(2)The finance company now has_possession_of the house.
(3)We lost_all_our_possessions in the terrible earthquake.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 失去了所有財產(chǎn) B. 擁有…… C. 擁有……的所有權 D.為……所有
(1) B;D (2) C (3) A
in the possession of 為……所占有
in one's possession 為某人所占有
take possession of 占有,擁有
have possession of 占有
possessions 財產(chǎn)(用復數(shù)) possess vt. 控制,占有
possess sb. of 使某人擁有 be possessed of 擁有
用possess的適當形式填空
With his business going on well, he was at first (1) possessed (v.) of big houses, cars; and later he took (2) possession (n.) of stocks of different companies. Then, he found that everything he dreamed of was in his (3) possession (n.). But he was told that the meaning and success of life was not measured by the (4) possessions (n.) he had, but the devotion he made to the society.
4、score n. & v.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) My score on the test was 85.
(2) A score of people was found missing in the storm.
(3) He scored high in the IQ test.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 分數(shù) B. 20 C. 得分
(1) A (2) B (3) C
scores of 許多,大量 a score of 20個
three score eggs60個雞蛋
three score of these eggs 這些雞蛋中的60個
表示“20”,其復數(shù)形式通常不加-s,且其后一般不接介詞of。當其后的名詞前有the,these,those等表示特定的限定詞修飾時,或當其后接us,them,you等人稱代詞時,score 后加of。
單項填空
()______ the engineers are watching over the project.
A. Scores of B. Three scores
C. Scores D. Three score of
D 句意:這些工程師中的60人正在視察這項工程。如果選擇A項,則要去掉engineers前面的定冠詞“the”;B項缺少of,且score不能用復數(shù)。
5、attempt n. & vt.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)I let them talk on, without_any_attempt_to interrupt them.
(2)She made_every_attempt_to go.
(3)They attempted_to finish the work within a month.
(4)They have_attempted a difficult task.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 不想做…… B. 試圖做……
C. 開始(任務) D. 千方百計地
(1) A (2) D (3) B (4) C
make an attempt to do sth.試圖做某事
make an attempt on試圖對……攻擊
in an attempt to do sth. 嘗試做某事
attempt sth. / to do / doing sth. 企圖做某事
attempted adj. 企圖的,未遂的
用attempt的適當形式填空
A hungry lion make several (1) attempts(n.) on the bull without success. It seemed that neither of them was to give up. Again, the lion (2) attempted (v.) to kill his prey but still failed. It was a long and hard work.
6、specific adj. & n.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) I gave you specific instructions.
(2) The money was collected for a specific purpose.
(3) Aspirin is a specific for headache.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 具體的 B. 特效藥 C. 特定的
(1) A (2) C (3) B
a specific aim一個特定的目標
a specific remedy 一種特定的療法
specifically adv. 明確地,具體地,特意地
specification n. 詳述; 說明書
用specific的適當形式填空
As I (1) specifically (adv.) mentioned last time, we should never start doing something without a (2) specific (adj.) purpose; or you are likely to fail. You will then feel sorry but there is no (3) specific (n.) for regret.
7、figure n. & v.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)How does she manage to keep her figure when she eats so much?
(2)Where did you get these figures?
(3)He was one of the leading political figures of this century.
(4)I can't figure_out why he quit his job.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 想出 (v.) B. 人物 (n.) C. 數(shù)字、數(shù)據(jù)(n.) D. 體形(n.)
(1) D (2) C (3) B (4) A
keep one's figure 保持體型
a political figure 一位政治要人
figure out想出,理解
用figure的適當形式填空
Being a popular social (1) figure (n.), she always had to appear with a fine (2)figure(n.) and (3)figured (v.)out ways to attract the attention of the majority.
8、appeal v.&n.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)The police are appealing to the public for information about the crime.
(2)The opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics appealed to the audience all over the world.
(3)He appealed to his friends for support.
(4)This case was appealed to a higher case.
(5)She made her last appeal to his mother to forgive her.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 上訴(vt.) B. 有感染力,吸引(vi.) C. 呼吁(vi.) D. 懇求(n.) E. 求助(vi.)
(1) C (2) B (3) E (4) A (5) D
appeal to sb. for sth. 呼吁某人某事
appeal to sb. 吸引某人
appeal to sb. to do sth.呼吁某人做某事
appeal for sth. 懇求,呼吁
用appeal的適當形式填空
In his (1) appeal (n.) to me for help, he said something (2) appealing (adj.). But for his bad reputation, his words didn't seem to (3) appeal (v.) to me.
9、by coincidence
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)By_coincidence,_the day I got married was the same as the day my close friend John married.
(2)What do you think of the coincidence of two accidents?
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 巧合地 B. 巧合 (n.)
(1)A (2)B
be coincident with 與……一致,巧合的
用coincidence的適當形式填空
The agent's sudden disappearance was (1) coincident with his sudden death, which Tom thought was not just (2) by coincidence.
() 1. (2008?江西) Jack is late again. It is ______ of him to keep others waiting.
A. normal B. ordinary
C. common D. typical
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. (P2)
D 考查形容詞的辨析。normal 正常的;ordinary 普通的;common常見的; typical典型的,代表性的。根據(jù)句意可知,只有D 項符合題意。
() 2. (2008?上海春)Some people maintain that watching violence on TV is one of the major causes of ______ behavior and crime in society.
A. childish B. artificial
C. aggressive D. heroic
C 考查形容詞辨析。childish 孩子般的,幼稚的; artificial 人工的; heroic英雄的,英勇的;aggressive有進取心的;侵略的,好斗的。句意為:有些人堅持認為??措娨暽铣尸F(xiàn)的暴力鏡頭是造成社會上好斗行為及犯罪的主要原因之一。
Sally is not an aggressive person. (P5)
() 3. (2010?湖北)It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ______ favors to them.
A. in preference to B. in place of
C. in agreement with D. in exchange for
Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth century Western paintings, and these are well-represented in this excellent collection. (P6)
D 考查介詞短語辨析。in preference to優(yōu)先于;in place of代替;in agreement with同意,與……一致;in exchange for交換。句意為:公務員向人索取錢物作為提供便利代價的行為是違法的。
() 4. (2009?安徽)China has got a good ______ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.
A. reputation B. influence
C. impression D. knowledge
A 考查名詞辨析。have a good reputation for 因……有好名聲。 have influence / impression與on 搭配。have a good knowledge of 對……很熟悉,通曉。根據(jù)句意,中國由于其在抗擊流感方面的精心而有序的組織廣受好評。
The reputation of this museum lies in the variety of its art collection. (P6)
高三英語教案:《名詞復習》教學設計
教案課件是老師需要精心準備的,規(guī)劃教案課件的時刻悄悄來臨了。只有規(guī)劃好教案課件工作計劃,才能規(guī)范的完成工作!你們了解多少教案課件范文呢?以下是小編收集整理的“高三英語教案:《名詞復習》教學設計”,供您參考,希望能夠幫助到大家。
本文題目:高三英語復習教案:名詞復習教案
1、名詞
名詞可以分為專有名詞和普通名詞,專有名詞是某個(些)人,地方,機構等專有的名稱,如Beijing,China等。普通名詞是一類人或東西或是一個抽象概念的名詞,如:book,sadness等。普通名詞又可分為下面四類:
1)個體名詞:表示某類人或東西中的個體,如:gun。
2)集體名詞:表示若干個個體組成的集合體,如:family。
3)物質名詞:表示無法分為個體的實物,如:air。
4)抽象名詞:表示動作、狀態(tài)、品質、感情等抽象概念,如:work。
個體名詞和集體名詞可以用數(shù)目來計算,稱為可數(shù)名詞,物質名詞和抽象名詞一般無法用數(shù)目計算,稱為不可數(shù)名詞。歸納一下,名詞的分類可以下圖表示:
名詞 專有名詞 不可數(shù)名詞
普通名詞 物質名詞
抽象名詞
集體名詞
可數(shù)名詞
個體名詞
1.1 名詞復數(shù)的規(guī)則變化
情況 構成方法 讀音 例詞
一般情況 加 -s 清輔音后讀/s/ map-maps
濁輔音和元音后讀 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars
以s, sh, ch, x等結尾 加 -es 讀 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches
以ce, se, ze,等結尾 加 -s 讀 /iz/ license-licenses
以輔音字母+y結尾 變y 為i再加es 讀 /z/ baby---babies
1.2 其它名詞復數(shù)的規(guī)則變化
1) 以y結尾的專有名詞,或元音字母+y 結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時,直接加s變復數(shù)。
如:two Marys the Henrys
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays
2) 以o 結尾的名詞,變復數(shù)時:
a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianos
radio---radios zoo---zoos;
b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes
c. 上述a和b兩種方法均可,如zero---zeros / zeroes。
3) 以f或fe 結尾的名詞變復數(shù)時:
a. 加s,如: belief---beliefs roof---roofs
safe---safes gulf---gulfs;
b. 去f,fe 加ves,如:half---halves
knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves
wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves;
c. 上述a和b兩種方法均可,如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。
1.3 名詞復數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化
1) child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注意:由一個詞加 man 或 woman構成的合成詞,其復數(shù)形式也是 -men 和-women,
如an Englishman,two Englishmen。
但German不是合成詞,故復數(shù)形式為Germans;Bowman是姓,其復數(shù)是the Bowmans。
2) 單復同形,
如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin
但除人民幣的元、角、分外,美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復數(shù)形式。
如:a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。
3)集體名詞,以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn),但實為復數(shù)。例如:
people police cattle 等本身就是復數(shù),不能說 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以說a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名詞,表示國民總稱時,作復數(shù)用,如The Chinese are industries and brave. 中國人民是勤勞勇敢的。
4) 以s結尾,仍為單數(shù)的名
a. maths,politics,physics等學科名詞,一般是不可數(shù)名詞,為單數(shù)。
b. news 為不可數(shù)名詞。
c. the United States,the United Nations 應視為單數(shù)。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 聯(lián)合國是1945年組建起來的。
d. 以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名,劇名,報紙,雜志名,也可視為單數(shù)。例如:
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事書。
5) 表示由兩部分構成的東西,如:glasses (眼鏡) trousers, clothes等,若表達具體數(shù)目,要借助數(shù)量詞 pair(對,雙); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。
6) 另外還有一些名詞,其復數(shù)形式有時可表示特別意思,如:goods貨物,waters水域,fishes(各種)魚。
1.4 不可數(shù)名詞量的表示
1)物質名詞
a. 當物質名詞轉化為個體名詞時為可數(shù)。
比較:Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一種食物。 (不可數(shù))
These cakes are sweet. 這些蛋糕很好吃。 (可數(shù))
b. 當物質名詞表示該物質的種類時,可數(shù)。例如:
This factory produces steel. (不可數(shù))
We need various steels. (可數(shù))
c. 當物質名詞表示份數(shù)時,可數(shù)。例如:
Our country is famous for tea. 我國因茶葉而聞名。
Two teas, please. 請來兩杯茶。
2) 抽象名詞表示具體的事例時也可數(shù)。例如:
four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四個現(xiàn)代化
物質名詞和抽象名詞可以借助單位詞表一定的數(shù)量,如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice 一則建議。
1.5 定語名詞的復數(shù)
名詞作定語一般用單數(shù),但也有以下例外。
1) 用復數(shù)作定語。例如:
sports meeting 運動會 students reading-room 學生閱覽室
talks table 談判桌 the foreign languages department 外語系
2) man, woman, gentleman等作定語時,其單復數(shù)以所修飾的名詞的單復數(shù)而定。例如:
men workerswomen teachersgentlemen officials
3) 有些原有s結尾的名詞,作定語時,s保留。例如:
goods train (貨車) arms produce 武器生產(chǎn)
customs papers 海關文件 clothes brush 衣刷
4) 數(shù)詞+名詞作定語時,這個名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式。例如:
two-dozen eggs 兩打雞蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路
two-hundred trees 兩百棵樹 a five-year plan. 一個五年計劃
1.6 不同國籍人的單復數(shù)
國籍 總稱(謂語用復數(shù)) 單數(shù) 復數(shù)
中國人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese
瑞士人 the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss
澳大利亞人 the Australians an Australian two Australians
俄國人 the Russians a Russian two Russians
意大利人 the Italians an Italian two Italians
希臘人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks
法國人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen
日本人 the Japanese a Japanese two Japanese
美國人 the Americans an American two Americans
印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians
加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians
德國人 the Germans a Germans two Germans
英國人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen
瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede two Swedes
1.7 名詞的格
英語中有些名詞可以加"'s"來表示所有關系,帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱為該名詞的所有格,如:a teacher's book。名詞所有格的規(guī)則如下:
1) 單數(shù)名詞詞尾加"'s",復數(shù)名詞詞尾沒有s,也要加"'s",如the boy's bag 男孩的書包,men's room 男廁所。
2) 若名詞已有復數(shù)詞尾-s ,只加" ' ",如:the workers' struggle 工人的斗爭。
3) 凡不能加"'s"的名詞,都可以用"名詞+of +名詞"的結構來表示所有關系,如:the title of the song 歌的名字。
4) 在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時,名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞,如:the barber's 理發(fā)店。
5) 如果兩個名詞并列,并且分別有's,則表示"分別有";只有一個's,則表示'共有'。例如:
John's and Mary's rooms(兩間)John and Mary's room(一間)
6) 復合名詞或短語, 's 加在最后一個詞的詞尾。例如:a month or two's absence 2.
高三英語教案:《Poems復習》教學設計
一名優(yōu)秀的教師就要對每一課堂負責,作為高中教師就要精心準備好合適的教案。教案可以更好的幫助學生們打好基礎,幫助高中教師緩解教學的壓力,提高教學質量。您知道高中教案應該要怎么下筆嗎?為滿足您的需求,小編特地編輯了“高三英語教案:《Poems復習》教學設計”,歡迎閱讀,希望您能閱讀并收藏。
本文題目:高三英語復習教案:Poems復習教案
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) You are looking at only one aspect of the problem.
(2) They considered the plan in all its aspects.
(3) The building has a southern aspect.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 方面 B. 朝向
(1) A (2) A (3) B
in this aspect 在這一方面 in all aspects 各方面
根據(jù)句意完成句子
(1)You are right in this aspect (在這個方面)
(2)I am interested in all aspects of science.(自然科學的各個方面)
2、pattern n.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) She is a pattern of all the classmates.
(2) A good tailor can make a dress without a pattern.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 式樣,圖案 B.典范
(1) B (2) A
翻譯句子
(1)花圖案在鄉(xiāng)村是非常受歡迎的。
The flower pattern is very popular in villages.
(2)她已經(jīng)習慣了家庭生活的新方式。
She has got used to the new patterns of family life.
3、underline v.
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1)While reading the article, you should underline some sentences puzzling you.
(2)The teacher underlined the discipline the first day we went to school.
(3)Pay attention to the underlined parts.
根據(jù)語義找匹配
A. 有下劃線的 B. 強調 C. 給……加下劃線
(1) C (2) B (3) A
翻譯句子
(1)父母強調了當他們外出時,孩子應該注意的事情。
The parents underlined some points that should be paid attention to for the child when they were absent.
(2)秘書為老板劃出了今天最急于解決的事務。
The secretary underlined the most urgent affairs today for her boss.
4、exchange v. 交換,交流;n. 交換, 交流, 交易
(1) exchange Christmas gifts交換圣誕節(jié)禮物
(2) exchange experience交流經(jīng)驗
(3) exchange greetings互相問候
(4) exchange seats with sb. 與某人調換一個座位
(5) an exchange of views交換意見
(6) exchange professors交流講學教授
(7) exchange students(兩國間)交換的留學生
exchange sth. for sth. 把……換成……
exchange sth. with sb. 和某人互換某物
翻譯句子
(1)我下周要出國旅游了,所以得去銀行把人民幣兌換成美金。
I am going to travel abroad, so I go to exchange some RMB for dollars in bank.
(2)這兩個隊伍公開交流意見。
There is an open exchange of ideas between two teams.
5、take it easy
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) There is enough time. Take_it_easy.
(2) I want to take_it_easy when I am on holiday.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 輕松,松懈 B. 從容,不緊張
(1) B (2) A
翻譯句子
(1)慢慢走。路面都結冰了。
Take it easy. The roads are icy.
(2)爺爺明年將會退休,可以多休息了。
My grandfather will retire next year and can take things easy.
6、make up of(多用于被動)構成
根據(jù)語境感悟其用法
(1)The committee is made_up_of 12 members.
這個委員會由12名成員構成。
(2)Our class is made_up_of 45 students and 7 teachers.
我們班是由45名學生和7位老師構成的。
consist of 由……組成(不能用于被動)
be made of用……材料制成(可見材料)
be made from用……材料制成(看不見材料)
make…into… 把……做成……
翻譯句子
(1) 他很快就把這些木材造成了一條船。
He made the wood into a boat quickly.
(2) 長城是由石頭和磚頭(brick)砌成的。
The Great Wall is made of stones and bricks.
7、let out
根據(jù)語境猜詞義
(1) She let_out a cry of surprise.
(2) She promised that she would not let_out the plan to the press.
根據(jù)語義找匹配:A. 發(fā)出B. 泄露
(1)A (2)B
leave out 省去, 遺漏, 不考慮
bring out 使顯示, 出版 make out 理解, 辨認出
翻譯句子
(1)石油泄露并引發(fā)了極大的驚慌。
The oil gas let out and caused a great panic.
(2)老師強調同學們在聽講座時不能漏掉重點。
The teacher stressed that the students should not leave out any important details when in the lecture.
(3)這個筆跡有點模糊(vague),但我還是可以辨認出來。
The handwriting is a little vague, but I can still make it out.
8、Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression. Others try to convey certain emotions.(P10)
有的詩歌以一種令讀者印象深刻的方式講述故事或描述事情。而有些詩歌是為了傳遞某些情感。
some…others… 一些……而另一些……
In the summer camp, some members are from Africa. Others are from Asia.
夏令營活動中,有些成員來自非洲,有些來自亞洲。
翻譯句子
(1)討論過程中,有些人同意這個計劃,而有些人反對。
In the discussion, some people agreed with the plan, while others were against.
(2)比賽過程中,這支團隊合作很好。他們中一些人進行策劃,一些人收集信息;而另一些人卻在準備他們的演說詞。
The group cooperated well in the course of the competition. Some of them made the plan; some of them collected the information; others prepared for their speech.
()(2010?湖南)If he ______ my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.
A. followed B. should follow
C. had followed D. would follow
If Rob hadn't_injured himself, we would_have_won. (P13)
C 根據(jù)“wouldn't have lost”可判斷if引導的狀語從句表示與過去事實相反的虛擬,故選C項。
高三英語教案:《Module復習》教學設計
一名優(yōu)秀的教師就要對每一課堂負責,高中教師要準備好教案,這是教師工作中的一部分。教案可以讓學生能夠聽懂教師所講的內容,幫助高中教師營造一個良好的教學氛圍。優(yōu)秀有創(chuàng)意的高中教案要怎樣寫呢?以下是小編為大家收集的“高三英語教案:《Module復習》教學設計”供大家借鑒和使用,希望大家分享!
本文題目:高三英語四單元教案:Module 復習教案
知識詳解
① oppose vt. 反對,阻礙;與……對抗
(回歸課本P53)...meaning we will oppose prejudice against black people and resist conflict between Americans.
……它的意思是:我們將反對對黑人的歧視并將阻止美國人民之間的沖突。
【歸納總結】
【例句探源】
①Father does not oppose the idea at all.
父親絲毫不反對這個想法。
②The planned new airport will be strongly opposed by the residents.
修建新機場的計劃將會遭到當?shù)鼐用竦膹娏曳磳Α?/p>
③(牛津P1400)I would oppose changing the law.
我將反對改變這個法規(guī)。
④Students talk about the pop stars’ private life as opposed to their public life after class.
學生們課后談論明星們的私生活而非他們的社會生活。
【易混辨析】
resist,object,oppose
三者都含有“反抗”的意思
(1)resist指“積極的反抗、對抗”,“用武力阻止前進”。后跟doing sth.。
(2)object常指“用言論或論據(jù)等表示抗議或反對?!焙蟾鷗o (doing) sth.。
(3)oppose為常用詞,指“對某人、某事采取積極行動,尤指反對一種觀念、思想、計劃等”。
①She objects to being scolded in public.
②I was unable to resist laughing.
③A local group oppose the plan for environmental reasons.
【即境活用】
1.Members of the council ________ the building of the luxury houses in the centre of the city.
A.imposed B.posed
C.composed D.opposed
解析:選D。oppose“反對”,符合題意。impose“欺騙;施加影響,強加”;pose“姿勢”;compose“寫作”。
2.(溫州模擬)She was on a diet,but she couldn’t ________ eating sweet food.
Consequently,her weight was gained again.
A.remove B.resist
C.reject D.object
解析:選B。句意為“她在減肥,但是抵抗不住吃甜食。因此體重又增加了?!眂an’t resist doing sth.情不自禁地做某事。
②convinced adj. 確信的;相信的
(回歸課本P51)Experts are convinced that this will happen in the future...
專家們確信這在未來會發(fā)生的……
【歸納總結】
【例句探源】
①I’ve been trying to convince Jean to come with me.
我一直設法說服吉恩跟我一起來。
②I’m convinced of his honesty.
我相信他是誠實的。
③I’m not convinced that your idea will work.
我不相信你的意見是可行的。
【即境活用】
3.Scientists are convinced ________ the positive effect of laughter ________ physical and mental health.
A.of;at B.by;in
C.of;on D.on;at
解析:選C。convince意為“說服,確信”,與介詞of連用,意為“使(人)承認或信服”;effect意為“作用,功效”,與介詞on連用,意為“對……有影響”。
4.(湖北天門中學模擬)Whatever he explained,he couldn’t ________ the policeman that he was innocent.
A.confirm B.present
C.convince D.admit
解析:選C。本題考查動詞辨析。句意為“無論他說什么,他都無法讓警察確信他是無辜的?!?/p>
③acquire vt. 得到,獲得
(回歸課本P51)New dialects acquire their own complex features until they become real languages in their own right.
新的方言不斷獲取自身復雜的特征,直到他們成為不再依賴(英語)的真正的語言。
【歸納總結】
【例句探源】
①Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work.
我們逐步獲得了做這項工作的經(jīng)驗。
②She has mastered English grammar and acquired a large vocabulary without the help of a teacher.
她在沒有老師指導的情況下,掌握了英語語法,學到了大量詞匯。
【易混辨析】
acquire,gain,obtain
(1)acquire 多指經(jīng)過一段時間的艱苦努力而獲得,獲得的內容多是抽象的東西,并且一經(jīng)獲得就很難失去,如知識等。
(2)gain 常指強有力的奪取,也可指漸漸獲得某物的過程。
(3)obtain 是較正式用語,常指“通過努力工作、奮力拼搏或請求而得到所需的東西”。
①She acquired a knowledge of English by careful study.
②I finally managed to obtain a copy of the report.
③The country gained its independence ten years ago.
【即境活用】
5.Mr.Smith gradually ________ knowledge of the subject by constant study.
A.inquiredB.needed
C.required D.acquired
解析:選D。句意:史密斯先生通過不斷學習逐漸獲得這門學科的知識。acquire在此表示“獲得”,符合句意。
6.Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an ________ taste and are not in born.
A.gained B.developed
C.acquired D.grown
解析:選C。句意是:抽煙喝酒往往是一種后來習得的嗜好,并不是生來就有的。acquire有“學成;養(yǎng)成”之意。
④tell...apart 把……區(qū)分開來
(回歸課本P44)It is also quite easy to tell British and American English apart.
要將英國英語和美國英語分辨開來也很容易。
【歸納總結】
【例句探源】
①Can you tell the twin brothers apart?
你能分得清這兩個孿生兄弟嗎?
②It is very important for us to tell true friends from false ones in society.
在社會上辨別出真假朋友對我們來說是非常重要的。
③The kittens looked exactly alike—how could you tell which was which?
這些小貓看上去一模一樣——你怎么能分辨出哪只是哪只呢?
④To tell the truth,I do know where he has gone.
說實話,我的確知道他去了哪里。
【即境活用】
7.The two paintings look so much alike that I can’t ________ the authentic painting ________ the modern copy.
A.tell;from B.tell;of
C.tell;apart D.tell;off
解析:選A。句意:這兩幅畫這么相似,以至于我分辨不出真品和仿制品。此題考查tell不同搭配的用法。tell A from B“區(qū)分A和B”;tell sb.of/about sth.“告訴某人有關某事”;tell sth. apart“區(qū)分某物”;tell sb.off for sth.“為某事斥責某人”。
8.(山東棗莊模擬)I could ________ he was surprised from the expression on his face.
A.look B.say
C.watch D.tell
解析:選D。本題考查動詞辨析。tell在此表示“說出;判斷出”的意思。句意為“從他臉上的表情我能認識到他很吃驚?!?/p>
look“看”;say“說話”;watch“觀看”。
⑤get down to 開始做某事
(回歸課本P53)Thus,to talk turkey means to get down to business.
因此,to talk turkey意思是開始做生意。
【歸納總結】
【例句探源】
①He got down to his work after the holidays.
度假之后他開始工作。
②Let’s get down to our business.
咱們開始干正事吧。
③After supper,they got down to having a meeting.
晚飯后,他們召開了一個會議。
④How can I get it across to you people how important this is?
我怎么做才能讓你們這些人理解這件事的重要性?
⑤(朗文P866)The three men got away in a stolen car.
那三個人乘坐一輛偷來的汽車逃跑了。
⑥The whole village was involved with getting the harvest in.
整個村莊都在收割莊稼。
【即境活用】
9.The final examination is coming up soon.It’s time for us to ________ our studies.
A.get down to B.get through
C.get back for D.get over
解析:選A。get dwon to sth.表示“開始做某事”。句意:期末考試馬上就到了,我們該開始認真學習了。
10.(江西省十校一模)—Better get down to your work,Jack.
—________.
A.It’s my pleasure
B.Not to mention it
C.Mind your own business
D.You’re welcome
解析:選C。本題考查情景交際。第一句話是勸對方“最好開始工作(別再玩了)?!贝鹫ZC表示“少管閑事(別管我的事)”。其他三個選項都是對感謝的回應。
⑥let sb.down 使某人失望
(回歸課本P53) With friends like these,who needs enemies?means a friend has betrayed your trust or let you down.
“With friends like these,who needs enemies?”意思是“你的朋友辜負了你的信任或者讓你失望?!?/p>
【歸納總結】
【例句探源】
①Let down the rope so that I can climb up.
把繩子放下來我好爬上去。
②I’m counting on you to support me—don’t let me dwon.
我指望你支持我呢——別讓我失望。
③(朗文P1180)These curtains let in too much light.
這些窗簾太透光。
④The man let off a bomb in the crowd,causing 12 people dead at least.
那個人在人群中引爆了炸彈,至少導致12個人死亡。
⑤I’ll never tell you another secret if you let this one out.
假如你把這個機密泄漏出去,有秘密的事我再也不告訴你了。
⑥I wouldn’t speak to him,let alone trust him and lend him some money.
我理都不愿理他,更談不上信任他,把錢借給他了。
【即境活用】
11.The news of the famous singer’s absence has really ________ his fans ________.
A.taken;out B.helped;out
C.given;off D.let;down
解析:選D。句意:那位著名歌星缺席的消息真讓他的歌迷失望。用let sb.down表示“使某人失望”。
12.I’m badly ________,for there is no one that can be relied on.
A.let down B.let on
C.let out D.let off
解析:選A??疾槎陶Z動詞辨析和句意理解。句意:我非常失望,因為這里沒有可以依靠的人。let down“使失望”;let on“泄露”;let out“使出去”;let off“原諒,不懲罰”,只有A項符合題意。
句型梳理
①【教材原句】 Perhaps correctness doesn’t matter—as long as speakers can understand each other—it’s communication that counts.
(P44)
也許正確與否不要緊——只要說話的人互相明白就行——重要的是交流本身。
【句法分析】 (1)只要……引導條件狀語從句,從句中一般用現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。
①You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean.
只要你不把書弄臟,就可以借給你。
②I don’t mind as long as it doesn’t rain.
只要不下雨就行了。
③As long as you drive carefully,you will be very safe.
如果你開車小心,你就會很安全。
(2)長達……:
④This line is four times as long as that one.
這條線是那條線的四倍長。
(3)on condition that 只要,條件是
as far as 遠至;就……的限度
as good as 和……一樣好;幾乎
as well as 和……一樣好;和,既……又……
⑤Ron lent me the money on condition that I pay it back next month.羅恩把錢借給我,條件是下月歸還。
【即境活用】
13.________ good service is provided the small motels will continue to have people who choose to stay in them rather than in the big ones.
A.As much as B.As long as
C.As soon as D.As far as
解析:選B。句意:只要有好的服務,小型的汽車旅館會繼續(xù)吸引那些寧愿選擇住小旅館而不住大旅館的人。as long as 只要;as much as 盡可能多;as soon as 一……就;as far as遠到。
14.(重慶一模)________ he works hard,
I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
A.As long as B.As well as
C.So far as D.As soon as
解析:選A。句意為“只要他努力工作,我并不在意他什么時候把實驗做完?!盿s long as 引導條件狀語從句。
②【教材原句】 In this sense everybody’s use of language—whether English,Chinese,or any other—is different.(P44)
從這種意義上來說,每個人對語言的使用——不管是英語、漢語或者任何其他語言——都是不一樣的。
【句法分析】1)whether English,Chinese,or any other在句中作插入語,用來對所要表達的內容進行解釋或補充,插入語可用破折號分開,也可用逗號隔開。
①He asked the people present,whether men or women,to keep it secret.
他要求在場的人,無論男女,要保守秘密。
②Pearls,either big or small,are very expensive.
珍珠有大有小,但都非常珍貴。
③This is the last chance,I am afraid,that you can win over them.恐怕這是你能戰(zhàn)勝他們的最后機會了。
2)whether...or 還可以引導從句。
(1)不管……還是……。引導讓步狀語從句。
④Playing football is a popular game,whether to men or women.
踢足球是一項受人歡迎的運動,不管對于男子還是女子。
(2)是……還是……。引導名詞性從句。
⑤My doubt is whether the weather will be fine or not tomorrow.我的懷疑是明天天氣是好還是壞。
【即境活用】
15.I don’t quite share with you some views on the matter—________—these are too strange.
A.to be honest B.believe it or not
C.in other words D.what’s more
解析:選A。句意:在這件事上,我與你的某些觀點不太一致,老實說,這些觀點太奇怪了。to be honest在句中作插入語,意為“老實說,說實話”。
16.All people,________ they are old or young,rich or poor,have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.
A.even if B.whether
C.no matter D.however
解析:選B。句意是:自從災難發(fā)生以來,所有的人們,不管是老人還是年輕人,不管是富人還是窮人,都一直在努力幫助那些需要幫助的人。even if即使;whether...or.... 不管……還是……;no matter后接疑問詞時,表示“不管……”;however“無論多么……”。