小學(xué)語文微課教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間:2020-12-04Unit6WinterinCanada。
Unit6WinterinCanada
Lesson45—48
一、重點(diǎn)句型
1.AreyougoingtogivesomethingspecialtoJenny’sfamily?
你打算給詹妮家一些特別的禮物嗎?
(1)Areyougoingto...?是一般將來時(shí)的一般疑問句。
由于begoingto構(gòu)成一般將來時(shí)是由“be+動(dòng)詞-ing形式”構(gòu)成,故其否定式是在be后加上not構(gòu)成,一般疑問句則是將be動(dòng)詞提至句首。
e.g.IamnotgoingtogoshoppingthisSunday.
本周日我不打算去購物。
Areyougoingtohaveaparty?
你打算舉行一個(gè)派對嗎?
Isyoursistergoingtomakeacakeforhermother?
你妹妹打算為她母親做個(gè)蛋糕嗎?
(2)something是不定代詞,當(dāng)形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)需后置(即形容詞放在不定代詞的后面)。
e.g.Ihavesomethinghappytotellyou.
我有些高興的事告訴你。
Doyouwanttodosomethinginteresting?
你想做些有趣的事情嗎?
NowourChristmastreewillalwayshavesomethingChineseonit.
現(xiàn)在我們的圣誕樹上將會(huì)常常有些中國的東西了!
2.WhatwouldyoulikeforChristmas,Danny?
Danny,你圣誕節(jié)想要什么啊?
(1)Whatwouldsb.likefor...?某人……(時(shí)間)想要……(東西)?
e.g.Whatwouldyourbestfriendlikeforherbirthday?
你的好朋友生日想要什么?
WhatwouldyoulikefortheNewYear?
你新年想要什么?
(2)上面的問句可以用sb.wouldlike...來回答。
e.g.Mybestfriendwouldlikeagreenjacketforherbirthday.
我的好朋友生日想要一件綠色夾克衫。
IwouldlikeanEnglishdictionaryfortheNewYear.
我新年想要一本英語字典。
3.一年中的四個(gè)季節(jié)。
二、重點(diǎn)單詞
1.guess動(dòng)詞,猜想,估計(jì),推測
e.g.Youdon’tknow.You’rejustguessing!
你不知道,你只是在猜測。
Canyouguessherage?
你猜得出她的年齡嗎?
Iguessyou’refeelingtiredafteryourtrip.
我猜想你旅行后一定感到累了。
2.think動(dòng)詞,認(rèn)為,想,思考
e.g.Thinkbeforeyouact.
先思而后行。
Letmethinkforawhile.
讓我想一下吧!
注意:句中有think進(jìn)行否定時(shí)要否定轉(zhuǎn)移。
e.g.Idon’tthinkheisaworker.
我認(rèn)為他不是一名工人。
Myfatherdoesn’tthinkIamabadstudent.
我父親不認(rèn)為我是一名壞學(xué)生。
3.blow動(dòng)詞,吹,吐(氣等)
e.g.You’renotblowinghardenough!
你吹得勁兒不夠。
名詞,吹,重?fù)?br>
blowtosb./sth.(對某人/物而言)突然的打擊或挫折
e.g.ablowtoone’spride對自尊心的重大打擊
Hiswife’sdeathwasagreatblowtohim.
他妻子去世對他是一大打擊。
4.fall名詞,秋天;落下,掉下
e.g.Ihaveafallfromthehorse. 我從馬上摔下來了。
fallofsth.某物降落的(數(shù)量,距離)
e.g.aheavyfallofsnow/rain 一場大雪(大雨)
afalloftwentymeters 二十米的落差
動(dòng)詞,落下,跌下
e.g.Theleavesfallinfall.
秋天樹葉凋零。
Thebookfallsoffthetable.
書從桌子上掉下來了。
5.off副詞,距,離,到(遠(yuǎn)至某處);離開,出發(fā)
e.g.Thetownisfivemilesoff.
那城鎮(zhèn)在五英里以外。
SheisofftoLondontomorrow.
她明天出發(fā)上倫敦。
Sherunsoffwithnothing.
她什么都沒有帶就跑開了。
6.favorite名詞,特別喜愛的人或物
e.g.Storybooksaremyfavorite.
故事書是我的最愛。
Heishisuncle’sfavorite.
他叔叔特別喜歡他。
Bananasaremyfavorite.
香蕉是我的最愛。
形容詞,最喜愛的
e.g.Myfavoritecolorisblue.
我最喜歡的顏色是藍(lán)色。
Whoisyourfavoritepeople?
誰是你最喜歡的人?
7.why和because
why“為什么”,用來詢問原因。
because“因?yàn)椤?,回答由why引導(dǎo)的問句,陳述原因。
e.g.-Whydoyouwanttoseethepandas?你為什么想要看熊貓?
-Becausetheyarelovely.因?yàn)樗鼈兒芸蓯邸?br>
-Whydon’tyoulikesummer?你為什么不喜歡夏天?
-Becauseit’sveryhot.因?yàn)橄奶旆浅帷?br>
8.表示功能及意念的句子
(1)表示祝福:MerryChristmas!
(2)表示驚奇、感嘆:Whatacold,snowyday!
(3)意愿和打算:
Jennyisgoingtoeateggs.
TomorrowwearegoingtoputuptheChristmastree.
Iwanttobuysomethingformyfamily.
Iwouldlikeabignewcar.
WearereadyforChristmasday.
三、語法——感嘆句
英語中,感嘆句是抒發(fā)強(qiáng)烈感情的句子,如歡樂、興奮、驚奇、憤怒、悲傷等。一般讀降調(diào),書面語中句末用感嘆號(hào)。
現(xiàn)階段接觸到的感嘆句主要有以下兩種:
(1)How+adj.(adv.)+(主謂)
e.g.Howbeautifultheflowersis!
HowfastTomruns!
(2)What+a(an)+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+(主謂)
What+adj.+不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主謂
Whatabeautifulflower(itis)!
Whatfineweather(itis)!
Whatbeautifulflowers(theyare)!
擴(kuò)展閱讀
Unit6Iammoreoutgoingthanmysister
Unit6Iammoreoutgoingthanmysister.
(TheFirstPeriod)
課型:Listeningspeaking
時(shí)間:45minutes
教材內(nèi)容:SectionA1a-1c
語言知識(shí)目標(biāo)Teachingaims:
1)Languagegoals:Talkaboutpersonaltraits
Mastertheuseofthecomparativedegreesofadjectives
2)Knowledgegoals:
Keyvocabulary:athletic,funny,serious,wild,calm,cool,friendly,quiet,outgoing,alittle,much,shabby,comfortable,bright
Keysentences:be/lookthesameas…
(not)as/so…as…
~erthan…
3)Abilityaims:Improvelisteningandspeakingskills
4)Emotionalaims:Beconfident,gratefulandhard-working
教具準(zhǔn)備Teachingaids
Acomputer,ablackboard,CAI.
教學(xué)過程與方式Teachingproceduresandways
步驟目的教師活動(dòng)/方法學(xué)生活動(dòng)/學(xué)法條件/
手段
StepI:
WarmingupandleadinginTowarmupandprepareforthislesson.1.Leadthestudentsintothetopic.
2.Helpstudentstalkaboutthetwingirlsinthepicture.
1.Watchthevideoandtalkabouttheplayersinthevideo.
2.talkaboutthetwinsinthepictureDoyouknowthemwell?
Doyoulikethem?
Dotheylookthesame?
StepII:
Presentation
1.Talkaboutpersonaltraits.
AskSstotalkaboutthepictures.Lookatthepictureandsayoutsomeadjectivesaboutpersonaltraits.
2.Presentpictureswithkeywordstopresentthetargetsentences.
be/lookthesameas…
(not)as/so…as…
~erthan…
Showthepicturesandsentences.
Presentthenewwordsandsentencestructures.Lookatthepicturesandsentences.
Learnthenewwordsandsentencestructures.A:ZhaoBenshanisasfunnyasXiaoshenyang.
B:_______isfunnyierthan_________.
Xiaocuiisnotas/sofunnyasXiaoshenyang.
XiaocuiismoreseriousthanXiaoshenyang.
IsZhangFeiaswildasLuZhishen?
________iswilderthan_________.
3.Asummaryoftherules:howtochangeanadjectiveintoitscomparisonform
Sumuptherules.Learntherules.1.一般在詞尾加–er
2.以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的詞,加-r
3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞,先把y改為i,再加-er
4.重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí),先雙寫輔音字母,再加-er
5.部分雙音節(jié)和所有多音節(jié)詞前加more
6.不規(guī)則變化
4.practicethecomparativesofthefollowingadjectives.Presentthewordswritedownthecomparativesoftheadjectives
5.gamePlaythedialoguesListenandfindoutwhichisSam,TinaorPedro?
6.learnalittleandmuch:tomodifythecomparativesofadjective
Presentalittleandmuch:tomodifythecomparativesofadjective
Learnhowtousealittleandmuchtomodifythecomparativesofadjective.LiuXiangis_____shorterthanLinShuhao.
LiuXiangis_____shorterthanYaoMing.
Bob’sruleris____________thanMary’s.
Mary’sruleris____________thanBob’s.
Bob’srulerisnot____________Mary’s.
Mary’srulerisnot____________Bob’s.
StepⅢ:GameTopracticethetargetwordsandsentences..ShowthepictureandhelpSstalkaboutthepeopleinthepicturesUsethetargetsentencestotalkaboutthepictures.
StepIV:PKTopracticethetargetwordsandsentences.HelpSstalkaboutthedifferencesbetweenboysandgirls.
.Talkaboutthedifferencesbetweenboysandgirls.
Boys
____________________________
_____________________________
___________________________
Girls
____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
StepV:ExtensionExtenttheknowledge.HelptheSscomparetwodifferentschoolsandgiveareport.Comparetwodifferentschoolsandgiveareport.
Tips:big,small,new,old,beautiful,tidy,shabby(破舊),comfortable(舒適),bright(明亮)
StepⅥ
ExerciseTopracticethetargetwordsandsentences.HelpSsfinishtheexercise.Finishtheexercise.1.Theearthis_______(big)thanthemoon.
2.Hisjacketisas______as(cheap)hers.
3.Sheis_________(old)thanherclassmate.
4.They’retwins.Theyhave_______blackhair.
5.Thisboxisthe_______asthatone.
6.Jimisalittle_____________(outgoing)thanTom.
7.Tinaisshort.Taraistall.(同義句)
8.LiuYinghas______________(much)moneythanLiuLidoes.
StepVII:
SummaryLetstudentsknowwhattheylearninthislessonTosumuptheknowledgelearnedinthislessonSumuptogether比較級(jí)規(guī)則變化口訣:
比較級(jí),要變化,一般詞尾加er。(long-longer)
詞尾若有啞音e,直接加r就可以。(nice-nicer)
重讀閉音節(jié),單輔音字母要雙寫。(hot-hotter)
輔音字母若加y,記得把y變?yōu)閕。(happy-happier)
StepVIII
Homework1.Tousethetargetwordsandsentencescorrectly.
2.Toconsolidatetheknowledgelearnedtoday.GivesomeinstructionsFinishthehomework1.Writedowntheadjectivesyouhavelearnedandwritedowntheircomparatives.
2.Writing:MyFriendandI
Pleasewriteaboutyourfriendandyourself,usingthecomparativesofadjectives.(70words)
Unit6Acharitywalk-
教案課件是老師需要精心準(zhǔn)備的,大家應(yīng)該開始寫教案課件了。只有寫好教案課件計(jì)劃,可以更好完成工作任務(wù)!你們會(huì)寫教案課件的范文嗎?下面是小編幫大家編輯的《Unit6Acharitywalk-》,歡迎閱讀,希望您能閱讀并收藏。
Unit6Acharitywalk
一、教學(xué)內(nèi)容:
Unit6Acharitywalkwords,phrasesandsentences
二.教學(xué)目標(biāo):
掌握Unit6的詞匯及詞性變化和課文中的重點(diǎn)詞組、句型的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法
8BUnit6Acharitywalk
(一)單詞:
基礎(chǔ)詞匯
形容詞(adj.)
1.失明的blind
2.聾的deaf
3.有殘疾的disabled
4.上了年紀(jì)的elderly
5.無家可歸的homeless
6.費(fèi)力的tough
7.優(yōu)秀的excellent
8.急救的first-aid
9.唯一的only
10.完美的;極好的perfect
11.有雨的rainy
12.明智的wise
13.迷失的;迷路的lost
14.進(jìn)一步的further
名詞(n.)
1.遠(yuǎn)足,徒步旅行hike
2.路徑;小路trail
3.小山hill
4.高山mountain
5.機(jī)會(huì)chance
6.精神,靈魂spirit
7.團(tuán)隊(duì)精神teamspirit
8.記錄record
9.訓(xùn)練,培訓(xùn)training
10.健康fitness
11.目標(biāo)aim
12.幫助aid
13.航線airline
14.鄉(xiāng)村countryside
15.君子;先生gentleman
16.孫子;孫女grandchild
17.書法;手寫handwriting
18.頭痛headache
19.外套o(hù)vercoat
20.薄餅pancake
21.郵遞員postman
22.牙刷toothbrush
23.工作日weekday
24.注意,專心attention
25.傘umbrella
26.酒wine
動(dòng)詞(v.)
1.分成小組group
2.記錄record
3.下載download
4.發(fā)生happen
5.聯(lián)系contact
介詞(prep.)
在……之內(nèi)within
1.Eachrunner’sstartingandfinishingtimewillbe_____________(記錄)duringtherace.
2.EventhoughLeiFengisnolongerliving,his____________(精神)livestoday.
3.It’sagood__________(機(jī)會(huì))foryoutopracticeyour___________(speak)English.
4.Whatabout_____________(分組)ourselvesintothreeteamsandplayhide-and-seek?
5.Theboyspaysno_____________(注意)tohislessons,sohealwaysfailstheexams.
6.Heisamanwithmuch___________(經(jīng)驗(yàn)).Heisan____________(有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的)man.
7.Wehadmanyinteresting____________(經(jīng)歷)while__________(旅行)toShanghai.
8.Tea__________(生長)inSouthChina.Droughtswillaffectplants’___________(生長).
9.Chinais___________(develop)fasterthananyother___________(亞洲)country.
10.Withthe__________(發(fā)展)ofmodernindustry,moreandmorewasteisproduced.
1.recorded2.spirit3.chance,spoken4.grouping5.attention
6.experienceexperienced7.experiences,hiking8.isgrowngrowth
9.developing,Asian10.developement
(二)短語:
1.再來一些somemore
2.最大的籌款活動(dòng)oneofthebiggestfund-raisingevents
3.亞洲的其他地區(qū)manyotherpartsofAsia
4.一次艱難的遠(yuǎn)足atoughhike
5.在48小時(shí)之內(nèi)within48hours
6.一次極好的機(jī)會(huì)anexcellentchance
7.學(xué)會(huì)團(tuán)隊(duì)精神learnteamspirit
8.互相支持supporteachother
9.至少atleast
10.使……感到舒服keep…comfortable
11.盡力做某事tryone’sbesttodosth.
12.支持發(fā)展項(xiàng)目supportdevelopmentproject
13.為什么不whynotdo
14.參加takepartin
15.以……出名beknownas
16.完成某事finishdoingsth.
17.保持健康keepfit
18.看不起某人lookdownonsb.
19.發(fā)生takeplace
20.后援小組asupportteam
21.在某些方面insomeway
22.在去……途中onthewayto
23.聽見某人做某事hearsb.do/doingsth.
24.捉迷藏playhide-and-seek
25.注意payattentionto
26.做某事(對某人來說)是it’s+adj.+(forsb.)todosth.
27.在湖邊bythelake
28.迷路getlost
29.記得做某事remembertodosth.
30.向……學(xué)習(xí)learnfrom
31.航空郵寄byairmail
32.更多的信息furtherinformation
33.雖然,盡管eventhough
34.學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)achancetostudy
一.情景對話。
A:IhearMrLiaskyoutoorganizeacharityshow?Whenisit?
B:ItwillbeonnextSunday.Wouldyouliketohelpme?Ihopetheshowwillbesuccessful.YouknowI’mnervous____1____.
A:I’llphonemycousin,Timmy.Hecanhelpus_____2_____.
B:____3______.Ihopeheisnottoobusy.
A:Don’tworry.Hisshowisover____4____.I’msurehe’sliketohelp.
B:Iwish_____5_____.
A:Iwishwecouldhavemanystarsinourshow.
A.wecouldhaveourshowatabigtheatre.
B.That’sagoodidea.
C.sohehaslotsoffreetimenow
D.wewillhaveanothershow
E.becauseIdon’tknowhowtoorganizeashow
F.becauseI’veorganizedacharityshowbefore
G.becausehehasorganizedacharityshowbefore
1.E2.G3.B4.C5.A
二.根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。
1.我將盡我最大的努力學(xué)好英語。
I’ll___________________________________learnEnglishwell.
2.老師通常把我們分成四人一組。
Theteacherusually_____________________teamsoffourstudents.
3.十年來我們學(xué)校發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
Greatchanges____________________inourschoolsincetenyearsago.
4.請給我們提供一些食品。
Please________________________somefood.
5.患難朋友才是真朋友。
Afriend______________isafriendindeed.
6.我們希望你不要輕視這種工作。
Wehopeyouwon’t_____________________thiskindofwork.
7.咱們輪流打掃房間吧。
Let’s___________________cleantheroom.
8.我認(rèn)為團(tuán)隊(duì)精神最重要。
Ithinkthatthe______________________isthe________________.
9.我想更多地了解電腦知識(shí)。
Iwantto_____________________theknowledgeofcomputers.
10.電腦可以用來學(xué)習(xí)英語。
Computerscan_________________________learnEnglish.
1.trymybestto2.groupsusinto3.havetakenplace4.provideuswith
5.inneed6.lookdownon7.taketurnsto8.teamspirit,mostimportant
9.learnmoreabout10.beusedto
(三)句子:
1.OxfamTrailwalkerhasbeenoneofHongKong’sbiggestfund-raisingeventssince1981.
2.Peopleovereighteencangroupthemselvesintoateamoffourandjointhischaritywalk.
3.OxfamTrailwalkerisatoughhikebecauseyouhavetofinishwalkinga100-kmtrailwithin48hours.
4.Itmeansyoumayhavetowalktwodaysandnightswithoutsleep.
5.Thetrailwalkershavetowalkthrough8countryparksandover20hillsandmountains.
6.Itisanexcellentchanceforpeopletolearnteamspirit.
7.Theyneedtowalktogethertofinishthehikebecauseonlytheteam’sfinishingtimewillberecorded.
8.Itisnecessaryforthemtosupportandhelpeachotherbothbeforeandduringtheevent.
9.Itisnecessarythatyoustarttrainingafewmonthsbeforethewalk.
10.Whynottryyourbesttohelppeopleinneed?
11.Itiswrongthatsomepeoplelookdownonblindpeople.
12.ItisalsotheonlyhillclosetoMoonlightTownandStarlightTown.
13.Ihopeyouwillfindtheinformationuseful.
14.WhatdoIneedtopayattentiontoifIwanttojoinacharitywalk?
15.I’mhappytohavethechancetodoso.
16.Theaimof“WalkforChildren”istoraisemoneyforthecharitycalledUNICEF.
17.Remembertoreturnyourapplicationformbymailonorbefore15thMay.
18.Thefirsttenpeopletofinishthewalkwilleachreceiveasouvenir.
19.Forfurtherinformation,pleasecontactAmyon55586390.
一、選擇題
()1.____iswrongtocopyotherstudents’homework.
A.ThisB.ThatC.ItD.There
()2.Itisbadforyoureyes_____computergamestoomuch.
A.playsB.toplayC.playD.toplaying
()3.—______gotothetheatretogetherwithme?
—Goodidea.
A.HowaboutB.WhydoyouC.WhynotD.Whatabout
()4.SimonlivedinBeijing_________theyears2002-2004.
A.duringB.betweenC.inD.at
()5.Althoughhewasachild,hetriedtofindways________people________lifemore.
A.tohelp;enjoyB.help;enjoyC.tohelp;enjoyingD.help;enjoying
()6.—Howmanymembersarethereontheteam?
—Eightthisterm.Buttherewillbeten_____nextterm.I’mnotquitesure.
A.atallB.atlastC.atleastC.atonce
()7.—Whatdoyouthinkoftomorrow’sfootballmatch?
—_____difficultforus_____thematch.
A.We’re;towinB.We’re;winningC.It’s;towinD.It’s;winning
()8.HarryPotterisan___bookforchildren,butmycousindoesn’tseematall___init.
A.interesting;interestingB.interested;interested
C.interesting;interestedD.interested;interesting
()9.—IsyourbrotheraLeaguemember?
—Yes,he___theLeaguethreeyearsago.He___aLeaguememberforthreeyears
A.joined;hasbeenB.hasjoined;hasbeenC.wasjoined;isD.joined;was
()10.I_________anewspaper___________thetelephoneranglastnight.
A.read;whileB.wasreading;whenC.read;whenD.wasreading;while
()11.He’sneverbeentherebefore,______?
A.hasheB.hasn’theC.isheD.isn’the
()12.Thebooks______tothepoorchildrenlastweek.
A.wasgivenB.gaveC.weregivenD.give
()13.–When______thiskindofmachine______?–Lastyear.
A.did,useB.was,usedC.is,usedD.does,use
()14.They’re______poor______theydon’thaveanythingtoeat.
A.so,thatB.too,thatC.too,toD.such,that
()15.Theytriedtheirbest______theship______down.Butfailed.
A.toprevent,goingB.prevented,fromgoing
C.prevent,goingD.toprevent,fromgoing
1~5CBCAA6~10CCCAB11~15ACBAD
二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換.
1.OxfamTrailwalkerhasbeenoneofHongKong’sbiggestfund-raisingeventssince1981.(劃線部分提問)
2.TrailwalkerisheldinNoveveryyear.(劃線部分提問)
3.OxfamTrailwalkerisatoughhikebecauseyouhavetofinishwalkinga100-kilometertrailwithin48hours.(劃線部分提問)
4.Youshouldplanwhatyouaregoingtocarryduringthewalk.(劃線部分提問)
5.Whynottryyourbesttohelppeopleinneed?(同義句)
1.HowlonghasOxfamTrailwalkerbeenoneofHongKong’sbiggestfund-raisingevents?
2.HowoftenisTrailwalkerheldinNov.?
3.WhyisOxfamTrailwalkeratoughhike?
4.Whatshouldyouplanduringthewalk?
5.Whydon’tyoutryyourbesttohelppeopleinneed?
What/Howabouttryingyourbesttohelppeopleinneed?
三、句子翻譯
1、這是我們學(xué)習(xí)英語的好機(jī)會(huì)。
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2、她來中國已經(jīng)兩年了。
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3、這件外衣是如此的昂貴,她沒有足夠的錢去買。
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4、他今晚要來是真的。
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5、APEC會(huì)議四年前在上海舉行。
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1.It’sagoodchanceforustolearnEnglish.
2.ShehasbeeninChinafortwoyears.
3.Theovercoatissoexpensivethatshedoesn’thaveenoughmoneytobuyit.
4.It’struethathewillcometonight.
5.APECwasheldinShanghaifouryearsago.
Unit6AGreatYoungAthlete
Unit6AGreatYoungAthlete
LESSON3
1.Acupgivenasaprize作為獎(jiǎng)品所給的一個(gè)杯子
givenasaprize作定語,修飾acup,二者是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。
2.Whatisherwish?辨析wish和hope
1)wish+賓+to+動(dòng)詞原形,表示命令,hope無此用法
Iwishyoutogo.我要你去。
2)hope后不能直接跟名詞作賓語,可跟for+名詞,表示可實(shí)現(xiàn)的“希望”,wish雖也跟for+名詞,但表示難實(shí)現(xiàn)“愿望”。Ihopeforsuccess.我希望成功。Iwishforacar.我很想得到小汽車。
3)hope和wish可跟that從句,但hope+that表示希望。wish+that表示“愿望”且從句動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣。Ihopeyou’llbebettersoon.我希望你能早點(diǎn)好。IwishIweretenyearsyounger.我希望我能年輕十歲。
4)wish可跟雙賓語。WewishyouahappyNewYear.我祝你新年快樂。
5)hope/wishtodosth希望去做某事
Ihopetobeateacherinthefuture.我希望將來能成為一名教師
6)兩者都可作名詞
3.Isthecakewhole?辨析whole和all
這兩個(gè)詞意思相近。但與限定詞和名詞連用時(shí),他們的用詞序各不相同。試比較:“all+限定詞+名詞”“限定詞+whole+名詞”
1)all與whole都可以和單數(shù)名詞連用。例如:Maryspentallthewholesummerathome.瑪麗整個(gè)夏天都是在家里度過的。也可以說成:Maryspentthewholesummerathome。allmylife我的一生=mywholelife
2)whole與all都可以和單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用,但whole更為常見,例如:Marywastedthewholelesson.(較allthelesson更常見)瑪麗把整整一堂課都浪費(fèi)掉了。Heatethewholechicken.(較allthechicken更常見)他把整只雞都吃掉了。
3)all通常與不可數(shù)物質(zhì)名詞連用,而whole則不能。例如:正:Janehasdrunkallthemilk.誤:Janehasdrunkthewholemilk.珍妮喝光了所有的牛奶。Youcaneasilyspendawholedaythere.(whole多與可數(shù)名詞連用)你可以輕松地在那里呆上一整天。
?但有些抽象名詞前可用whole。例如:Canyoutellmethewholetruth?(Canyoutellmeallthetruth?)你能告訴全部事實(shí)真相嗎?
4)thewholeof/all(of)可放在專有名詞,代詞和限定詞前。例如:
Thewholeof/AllofLondonwasunderwater.整個(gè)倫敦都被水淹沒。
4.impressive詞綴“—ive”可放在一些動(dòng)詞后構(gòu)成形容詞,表示“與……有關(guān)的,有……性質(zhì)(特性)的,有……傾向的”。
impress(v).–impressive(adj.)compete(v).-competitive(adj.)prevent(v).-preventative(adj.)expense(n.)-expensive(adj.)
5.prevent及物動(dòng)詞,可直接帶賓語,表示阻止,禁止做某事;
preventsb.fromdoingsth.=stop/keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事
Hepreventshissonfromplayingfire.他不讓他兒子玩火
6.expensen.費(fèi)用,支出;經(jīng)費(fèi)
Idon’tthinkwecanaffordtheexpense.我認(rèn)為我不能負(fù)擔(dān)得起這費(fèi)用。
Hesaidtheofficeexpensesweretoobig.他說辦公的花銷太大。
attheexpenseof以……作代價(jià),犧牲
Hebecameanbrilliantscholar,butonlyattheexpenseofhishealth.
他成為了一名卓越的學(xué)者,但卻犧牲了健康。
7.Ithinkwinningisfun,fun,fun!funn.樂趣,玩笑,有趣的人或事物
You’llsuretohavefunatthepartytonight.你在今晚的晚會(huì)上一定會(huì)玩的很開心。
Peoplemakefunofherbecauseshealwaysspeaksfoolishly.
人們嘲笑她,因?yàn)樗Uf傻話。
Swimmingintheseaisgreatfun.在海里游泳很好玩。
I’mlearningtocook,justforthefunofit.我正在學(xué)做飯,做著玩而已。
funnyadj.(funnier,funniest)滑稽的,有趣的。例如:
Thestorywasveryfunny.這個(gè)故事非??尚Α?br> Heclosedhisspeechwithafunnyjoke.
他用一則有趣的笑話結(jié)束了演講。
8.Sincethen,LiuXianghaswonmanyraces.
since作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的用法。
一、若since引導(dǎo)狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是終止性的過去時(shí),則從句
表示的時(shí)間是“從動(dòng)作開始的那一刻起”。如:
Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.
自從她來到我們學(xué)校,他學(xué)習(xí)就非常努力。
二、若since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)時(shí),
則從句表示的時(shí)間是“從那持續(xù)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起。”如:Ihaven’theadanynoisesinceIslept.sleep為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,sleep的動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí),即“醒來”時(shí),這句應(yīng)譯為“我醒后還未聽到任何聲音”。HowlongisitsinceyoulivedinShanghai?你離開(沒住在)上海多久了?
?比較:HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.
自從我病愈以來,他屢次給我寫信。(從句謂語為狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞)
HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.
自從我生病以來,他就屢次給我寫信。(從句謂語為終止性動(dòng)詞)
三、若since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語為持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),則表示動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(說話時(shí)刻),其表示的時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)應(yīng)從動(dòng)作的發(fā)生時(shí)算起。如:
Ihaven’theardfromhimsincehehaslivedthere.這里haslived表示動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性,時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)應(yīng)從:“開始居住”時(shí)算起。因此此句可理解為“自從他(開始)住在那兒起,我就一直沒收到他的來信。”
試比較:1).SinceI’vebeenatthisschool,wehavehadthreeheadmasters.自從我來到這個(gè)學(xué)校已經(jīng)換了三個(gè)校長了。
SinceIwasatthisschool,wehavehadthreeheadmaster.
自從我來到這所學(xué)校,我們已經(jīng)換了三個(gè)校長了。
2).HehasneverbeentoseemesinceIhavebeenill.
自從我生病以來,他從未來看過我。
HehasneverbeentoseemesinceIwasill.
自從我病愈以來,他從未來看過我。
由此可見,since引導(dǎo)的從句持續(xù)動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的意思恰好相反。換言之,前者以肯定的語法形式反映著否定的邏輯內(nèi)容,而后者的形式與內(nèi)容是一致的。
至于Itis+一段時(shí)間+since…的句型與Ithasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since…意思相同。前者是規(guī)范說法,后者是口語說法。
It’salongtimesincehestudiedEnglish.他學(xué)英語很久了。
辨析since和for
since用來說明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間,for用來說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長度。也就是說for接一個(gè)時(shí)間段,since+時(shí)間起點(diǎn)(具體過去時(shí)間,如:1999;last+時(shí)間;一段時(shí)間+ago;一般過去時(shí)從句).
例如:
Ihavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.我住在這兒二十多年了。
IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.我從出生起就住在這兒了。
注意:并非有for作為時(shí)間狀語的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.(我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。)
Ihaveworkedhereformanyyears.(現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。)
注意:用句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方法,很容易排除非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞在有for/since結(jié)構(gòu)的完成時(shí)中的誤用。
1)(對)TomhasstudiedRussianforthreeyears.=TombegantostudyRussianthreeyearsago,andisstillstudyingitnow.
2)(錯(cuò))Harryhasgotmarriedforsixyears.=Harrybegantogetmarriedsixyearsago,andisstillgettingmarriednow.
顯然,第二句不對,它應(yīng)改為Harrygotmarriedsixyearsago.或Harryhasbeenmarriedforsixyears.