小學(xué)語文微課教案

Lesson1Tomorrow’sWorld。

一位優(yōu)秀的教師不打無準(zhǔn)備之仗，會提前做好準(zhǔn)備，教師要準(zhǔn)備好教案，這是教師需要精心準(zhǔn)備的。教案可以讓上課時的教學(xué)氛圍非常活躍，使教師有一個簡單易懂的教學(xué)思路。那么，你知道教案要怎么寫呢？為了讓您在使用時更加簡單方便，下面是小編整理的“Lesson1Tomorrow’sWorld”，歡迎您閱讀和收藏，并分享給身邊的朋友！

Lesson1Tomorrow’sWorld
Teachingaims:
Tousethetitleofatexttopredictthecontent.
Topractiseusingvocabularyofcyberspace.
Topractiseusingwillandgoingtototalkandwriteaboutthefuture.
Teachingdifficulties:TorevisePresentSimpleandPresentContinuous.
TeachingAids:computerandcassette
Teachingprocedures:
Ⅰ.Warmingup
Whatcomputersandinternetbringus?
convenient,highefficient
Comparedto20yearsagohowdoyouthinktechnologywillchangeourlives?
Forexample:
Goshoppingonline.
Needn’tcarrycashandusecreditcards.
Insteadofgoingtothebankyoucanuseacomputerandatelephonetopayforbills.
1.Imaginewhathappensinthenexttwentyyears?
2.Isitpossiblethatthecomputergivesusdisaster?
Lookatthetitleofthearticle.
Whichofthesetopicsdoyouthinkitwillmention?
*theInternet*artificialhuman*timetravel*robots*globalwarming*virtualreality
Readthearticlequicklyandcheckyourguesstoquestion2above.
1.Withthedevelopmentofcomputers,ourlifemaychangeinshoppingandcommunicatingways
2.ThetextinferstousthatworryisnotnecessaryandcomputersandtheInternetonlydogoodtous.
3.Someexpertssayinthefuturewewillnotgotoschoolintheclassroomlikeus.
4.Inthefutureitispossiblethatpeopleliveinanotherworldofouterspace.
5.Thetexttellusyoucandomanythingsbutneedn’tgototheplaceyourself.
6.BecauseoftherapiddevelopmentofInternettelevisionandthemailwillbereplacedbycomputer.
Keys:TFTFTT
Learningvocabulary
Matchthevocabularyfromthetextbelowwiththedefinitions.
hacker,chaos,terrorist,theNet(Internet),virtualreality,crash
1.apersonwhoentersotherpeople’scomputerprogrammesinsecret
2.Theuseofcomputerstomakesituationsfeelandlookreal.
3.haveanaccidentbyviolentlyhittingsomething.
4.somewhodoesterriblethingstoharmcountries,governmentsandpeople.
5.computersystemthatallowsmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworldtoshareinformation
6.Aterriblesituationinwhicheverythinggoeswrong
Keys:1.hacker2.virtualreality3.crash4.terrorist5.theNet(Internet)6.chaos
Correcterror
1.Inthelastthirtyyears,theInternetgrewrapidly.
2.Terroristmay“attack”theworld’scomputers,causechaos,makeplanesandtrainscrash.
3.Itisconvenienttoorderticketsfromtheinternet.
4.In1983,therewereonly200computersconnecttotheInternet.
5.Itisclearwecanuseinternettodoallkindsofthingsathome.
6.Personally,I’moptimisticaboutthefutureofinternet.
7.Associetydevelops,computerswillmakeourlifemuchconvenient.
8.Themailservicemayalsodisappearastheincreasinguseofe-mail.
Keys:1.grew改為hasgrown2.make前加and3.order改為book4.connect改為connected5.clear后加that6.of后加the7.much改為more8.as改為with
Wecanfeelconvenient,wecandoallkindsofthingsfromtheInternetathome,suchasbuybooks,findoutaboutholidayoffers,bookticketsandsoon.
Sometraditionalthingswilldisappear.
Wemayliveinavirtualworld.
Hackercangetintothecomputersofbanksandgovernmentsothatchangedataorstealawayimportantinformation.
Terroristswillattacktheworld’scomputers,causechaos,makeplanesandtrainscrashevenandcausenuclearwar.
Voiceyouropinion
DoyoufeelpessimisticoroptimisticaboutthefutureoftheInternet?Why?
Languagepoints
1.In1983,therewereonly200computersconnectedtotheInternet.
=whichwereconnectedtotheInternet.
computer和connect是被動關(guān)系,因此connectedto是過去分詞做定語來修飾computer,相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。
Itissurprisingthattherewere3oogoldcoinsburiedunderground.
＝whichwereburiedunderground.
真是令人驚奇，地下埋了300枚金幣。
Therearesomanypeoplewatchingthebigfireinthestreet.
=whowatchedthebigfireinthestreet.
People和watching是主動關(guān)系watching是現(xiàn)在分詞做定語表主動來修飾people相當(dāng)于定語從句。
2.Someexpertsarepessimisticaboutthefuture.
一些科學(xué)家對（計算機主宰的）未來表現(xiàn)出悲觀的態(tài)度。
bepessimistic/optimisticabout對…悲觀/樂觀
I’mratherpessimisticaboutthepresentsituation.
我對目前的局勢感到悲觀。
3.ItisclearthatwearegoingtoseeanexplosionofshoppingontheInternet.
很顯然，不遠的將來我們就會看到網(wǎng)上購物的狂潮。
It作形式主語，真實主語是that引出的主語從句。
＝thatwearegoingtoseeanexplosionofshoppingontheInternetisclear.
ItisclearthatinthenextfewyearstheEarth’sclimatewillchange.
=ThatinthenextfewyearstheEarth’sclimatewillchange.
4...theuseofcomputerswithsoundsandpicturesthatmakeyoufeelasifyouareinarealsituation.
(虛擬世界)是計算機通過聲音和圖像模擬現(xiàn)實，以使人感到仿佛置身于一個真實的空間。
asif連詞，仿佛，好像
Itsoundsasifshe’sbeenreallyill.
聽上去好像她真的病了。
5.Wehavetotakeimmediateaction.
我們得馬上采取行動。
takeaction采取行動。
Wemusttakeactionstopreventthespreadofdisease.
我們必須采取行動防止疾病的傳播。
LanguageStudy
Predictionswillandbegoingto
Readthefollowingsentencesfromthetext.Inpairs,decidewhich
a)talksaboutafutureeventwecanpredictfromapresentsituation?
b)expressesouropinionsandbeliefsaboutthefuture?
1.…,‘itisclearthatwearegoingtoseeanexplosionofshoppingontheInternet.’
2.Shealsobelievesthat,inthefuture,wewillgetentertainmentfromtheInternetandthattelevisionwillprobablydisappear.
3.‘Personally,Ithinkvirtualrealitywillbecomepartofmodernlife,’…
Keys:1.a2.b3.b
GrammarSummary1,onp92.
1.You’replanningtobuyacomputer.
a)Ihopeitwillbecheap.
b)Itisgoingtobecheap.
2.It’sthelasttenminutesofabasketballmatchbetweenRussiaandtheUSA.Thescoreis102:56toRussia.
a)TheUSAwilllose.
b)TheUSAisgoingtolose.
Keys:1.a2.b
completethetextwithgoingtoorwill
EarthReport!
DrCarlWightisanexpertontheenvironment.Hespeakstoourreporter,“ItisclearthatinthenextfewyearstheEarth’sclimate(1)_________change.I’mafraidthatthisprobablymeansthatmanykindsofanimals,suchastheSouthChinatiger,(2)___________disappearsoon,Changesinclimate(3)____________
certainlyaffectpeople’slivestoo.Becauseofglobalwarming,theseahasalreadydestroyedpartsofBritain.Itisobviousthatthisdestruction(4)_______becomemoredangerousinthefuture.Wehavetotakeimmediateaction,orIfearthatlifeonEarth(5)______getworse.”
Keys:1.isgoingto2.aregoingto3.aregoingto4.will5.will
1.Thecarsaregoingtocrash.
2.She’sgoingtohaveababy.
3.He’sgoingtowalkintothebusstop.
4.Thehouseisgoingtofallintothesea.
LanguageinUse
Workinpairs.StudentAisapessimistandStudentBisanoptimist.Makepredictionsaboutlifebytheyear2050.
Homework:
Page55exercise4,5and6

相關(guān)知識

Unit3Tomorrow’sworld

一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)方面無論做什么事都有計劃和準(zhǔn)備，作為教師準(zhǔn)備好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以讓學(xué)生更容易聽懂所講的內(nèi)容，幫助教師提前熟悉所教學(xué)的內(nèi)容。那么一篇好的教案要怎么才能寫好呢？小編特地為大家精心收集和整理了“Unit3Tomorrow’sworld”，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。

Unit3Tomorrow’sworld
Reading
Teachingobjectives:
1.tolearnsomeinformationabouthowRealCineworks,whyitisbetterthanordinarycinema,andhowitcanbeusedinmanyotherways.
2.toteachstudentsthebasiccharacteristicsofabusinessproposal.
3.toenablestudentstomasterthereadingstrategyandbecomemorecompetentinreadingabusinessproposal.

Teachingfocusanddifficulties:
1.knowingthestructureandlanguageforaproposal.
2.masteringthevocabularyofvirtualreality.

Teachingmethods:
1.Listening,readingandthinkingtogetstudentstounderstandthetext.
2.Pairdiscussionandgroupdiscussiontogetstudentstoparticipateintheclassroomactivities.

Teachingaids:
Themultimedia

Teachingprocedures:
Step1Lead-in
ShowtheposterofHarryPotterandGobletofFireandaskstudents:
Doyoulikethefilm?
Canyouimaginehowyoufeelwhenyouareactuallyinthefilm?
Showsomepicturesof3D,4Dfilmsandgamesandaskstudents:
Haveyouwatchedanyofthesefilms?
Whatdoyoufeelaboutthesekindsoffilms?
Step2Skimming
StudentsareexpectedtoskimthetextandfindouttheanswerstothequestionsinpartA.
Step3Scanning
StudentsareaskedtoscanthetextandanswerthequestionsinpartC1.
Step4Detailed-reading
AskstudentstofindmoreinformationaboutRealCinebyaskingthequestion:
HowcanrealCineexcitetheviewers’fivesenses?
Theyareaskedtofillinthechartaccordingtotheproposal
SenseThingsneededEffectsinRealCine
Sight
Sound
Smell
Touch
Taste
Step5structureanalyzing
Askstudentstodividethepassageintoseveralpartsandgetthemainideaofeachpart.
Step6readingstrategy
Drawstudents’attentionbyaskingthisquestion:
Whatdoyouthinkofthelanguageusedinthefollowingsentences?
IbelieveyouwillbeamazedbytheRealCineexperience,andwillagreethatthisisanextraordinarypieceoftechnologythatmustbedevelopedfurther.
Viewerswillbesurprisedathowrealitfeels.
RealCineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.
AamsurethatyouwillagreethatRealCineprovidesafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.
Askthemtoreadthereadingstrategyandfindoutthefollowinginformation:
Howisaproposalshouldbe?
Whatdoesagoodproposalusuallyinclude?
Howtomakeaproposalobjective?
Askstudentstounderlineallthepassivevoicesinthetexttogetadeepunderstanding.
Step7Discussion
MakinganadvertisementofaRelCinefilm:HarryPotterandGobletofFire.
ShowapieceofthefilmHarryPotterandGobletofFire,andaskstudentstodesignitwithRealCine.
Somequestionsaregiventohelp.
Step8Morediscussion
RealCineusesnewtechnologytoimproveanexistingtypeofentertainment(seeingafilm).Couldthistechnologybeusedinschools?Howcoulditmakeclassesmoreexciting?
Doyouknowaboutanyothernewtechnologiesscientistsaredeveloping?Whatarethey?Step9Homework
Readthepassageout.
FinishEx.D,Eonpage44,45inthetextbook.
DoEx.A1,A2onpage106inthetextbook.

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld單元學(xué)案

一名優(yōu)秀的教師在教學(xué)方面無論做什么事都有計劃和準(zhǔn)備，作為高中教師就要精心準(zhǔn)備好合適的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生們有一個良好的課堂環(huán)境，幫助高中教師能夠更輕松的上課教學(xué)。優(yōu)秀有創(chuàng)意的高中教案要怎樣寫呢？考慮到您的需要，小編特地編輯了“Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld單元學(xué)案”，歡迎閱讀，希望您能閱讀并收藏。

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld單元學(xué)案

學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)

1．詞匯：reality,extraordinary,character,interactive,set,upon,feeling,headset,enable,monitor,via,deliver,straw,final,besides,firefighter,burn,battle,whale,ant,fantastic,opportunity,industry,impress,announce,liquid,soap,powder,showcase,employ,accuse,file,popularity,criticize,fade,editor,therefore,voice,opinion,crash,nephew,central,surface,southern,hero,gentle,journey,per,rescue,force,guide,safely.

2．詞組、短語：passon,thousandsof,beconnectedto,putforward,lastbutnotleast,setup,inmyopinion,comeacross,notonly….butalso.

3．語法、結(jié)構(gòu)：1)Thepassivevoice

2)Modalverbsandthepassivevoice

3)Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice

4．技能指導(dǎo)：

Bytheendofthisunit,studentswillbeablet

1）readaformalproposalandsummariesofthreesciencefictionnovels

2）listentofactsandopinionsandaninterviewaboutcomputeruse

3）Discussviewsontechnologyandinterviewaclassmate

4）Writeaproposalforacomputerroomandashortsciencefictionstory

5）Expandvocabularyrelatedtocomputer

合作探究

Welcometotheunit

1．導(dǎo)入：Thegeneralideaofthisperiod

Thepicturesandthequestionsofthispartmakestudentstakenoticeofthelifeinthefuture.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,someofourwildestdreamscouldcometrueinthefuture.

Reading

體驗：Readingcomprehension

Thearticleinthissectionisabusinessproposalwhichintroducesanewbusinessidea.AskstudentstoskimandscantheproposalandtrytofindanswerstothethreequestionsinPartA.Remindstudentsonlytofocusonthemostimportantinformationneededtoanswerthesequestions.Meanwhileaskstudentstopayattentiontothestructureofthepassage.

Payattentiontothestructureofthearticle.Organizestudentsintogroupsoffour.Askthemtodiscussthisarticleandanalyzethestructure.Also,studentsneedtoconcludewhatthemainideaofeachpartofthearticleis.

mainideas

Para1____________________________________________________________

Para2----7____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

Para8____________________________________________________________

Activitiesanddiscuss

1.Afterstudentshaveworkedoutthemainideasforthedifferentparts,tofurtherstrengthenthecomprehension,askstudentstoanswerthefollowingquestionandfillinthechartaccordingtotheproposal.

HowcanRealCineexcitetheviewersfivesenses?

Sense

Thingsneeded

EffectsinRealCine

sight

specialVRheadsets

Viewerscanseeaworldof3Danimationallaroundthem.

sound

specialVRheadsets

Viewerscanhearthesoundsclearlyallaroundthem.

smell

smallopeningintheheadset

Smellsaregivenout.

tough

specialgloves

Viewerscantoughpeopleandobjectsinthefilm.

taste

astrawsensor

Specialfoodanddrinkchemicalsareplacesintotheviewers’mouth.2.Thenchecktheanswersasaclass.Iftimeallows,organizeaclasspresentation.AskstudentstodiscussandusetheinformationinthechartabovetogiveabriefpresentationaboutvirtualrealityandRealCine.

3.Presentthefollowingsentencestostudents.Askthemtoreadeachoneandthinkaboutthecharacteristicsofthelanguageusedinthisarticle.

IbelieveyouwillbeamazedbytheRealCineexperience,andwillagreethatthisisanextraordinarytechnologythatmustbedevelopedfurther.

Viewerswillbesurprisedathowrealitfeels.

RealCineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.

IamsureyouwillagreethatRealCineprovidesafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.

Askstudents:

Asadecisionmaker,doyouthinkyouwouldfinallybepersuadedtoinvestordevelopRealCine?Whyorwhynot?

Whatdoyouthinkofthelanguageusedtnthesesentences?

Tellthemthatthepurposeofabusinessproposalistoplanorsuggestanewidea.Thegoalistohelpthecustomersortheinvestorsmaketheirdecisions.Therefore,clearandpersuasivelanguageisoftenused.

4.AskstudentstoreadtheReadingstrategy.Tellstudentsthatasuccessfulbusinessproposalneedstobeobjectiveandthatdetailedinformationandconvincingfactsorexamplestogetherwiththepassivevoicearefrequentlyusedtoachievethispurpose.Therefore,whenreadingabusinessproposal,theycanfocusonthesefeatures.

5.Askstudentstoreadthearticleagainandunderlinethesentencesusingthepassivevoiceinthepassage.Givesomeexplanationswhythepassivevoiceisused.Thiswillhelpstudentsgetabetterunderstandingofhowtowriteaproposal.

6.HavestudentscompletePartD.ThemeaningsofthewordsinPartDshouldnotbedifficultforstudentstoidentifyaftertheyhavereadthroughthepassageseveraltimes.AskstudentstorefertothetextastheycompletePartD.Thisexercisecanhelpstudentsunderstandthetextbetter.

7DrawstudentsattentiontoPartE.PartEisareplytotheproposal,whichservesasasummaryofthearticleaboutRealCine.Havestudentscompleteitindividuallyfirstandthenchecktheiranswerswiththewholeclass.

Post-readingactivities

UsethefollowingactivitiestohelpstudentsdeepentheirunderstandingofRealCineanddeveloptheirspeakingabilityaswell.

lOrganizestudentsintogroupsoffour.Askthemtoholdagroupdiscussion.ImaginewhatspecialeffecttheyhopetohaveiftheycanseeapopularfilmlikeHarryPotterandthePhilosophersStoneinRealCine.

DoyouthinkwatchingaHarryPotterfilminRealCineismoreexcitingandinterestingthaninanordinarycinema?Whyorwhynot?

Afterthediscussion,askeachgrouptomakeanadvertisementposterforthisimaginaryvirtualrealityfilm.Thentheymaymakeanoralpresentationoftheiradvertisementsinclass.Everystudentcanvoteandchoosethebestonefromalltheadvertisements.Ifpossible,askthemtostatetheirreasonsfortheirchoice.

lOrganizestudentsintogroupsofsix.AskthemtowriteanintroductiontoReaICine.Intheintroduction,theymaystatetheirownopinionsonRealCine.

lOrganizestudentsintotwogroups.Askthemtoholdadebateactivity.

Thosewhosupportvirtualrealitybelievethat,withthistechnology,peoplecandoalmosteverything,eventhingsthatcannotberealizedinnormallife.Wedontneedtotravelanymoreorspendsomuchtimewithfriendsanymore.Virtualrealitycanprovideanynecessaryfeaturesthatweneeditlourlife.Othersinsistthat,reallifeandinterpersonalcommunicationshouldneverbereplacedbyimaginaryscenes.Peopleshouldtakeofftheheadsetsandexperiencethereallifethemselves.Whatdoyouthinkofthesetwoopinions?Stateyourreasons.

Iftimepermits,askstudentstodoPartsA1andA2onpage96intheirWorkbook,sotheywillbemorefamiliarwiththetextandthewordsandexpressionslearntinthispart.Ortheycandothetwoexercisesafterclassashomework.

PartFaimsatconsolidatingstudentsspeakingability.AskstudentstoreadtheinstructionsforPartFanddiscusswittheirpartnersthequestionscloselyrelatedtonewtechnology.Encouragestudentstosharetheiropinionsandreporttheiranswerstotheclass.

AskstudentsfirsttoreadPartAandthentodoPartBintheWritingsectionofthisunitonpage103intheiWorkbook.ThepassageinPartAisasample.Afterreadingit,theywillknowhowtowriteanarticleaboutthefutureschoolinPartB.

Summary

Realcineworksbymakingtheviewersfeelthattheyareactuallyinthefilm.unlikeordinarycinema,RealCineexcitesallfiveofpeople’ssenses:sight,hearing,smell,tough,andeventaste.VRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldandmakethemworkhardertomaketheirdreamscometrue.Vrcanalsodosomethingthatcouldneverbeachievedinrealworld.RealCinewillcertainlyprovideafantasticopportunityforthefilm-makingindustry.

Wordsandexpressions：

3．研析：

詞匯

1）extraordinary,

1)adj.（形容詞）

非凡的，超出一般或平常的，顯著的：

amanofextraordinarystrength

一位力氣驚人的男子

anextraordinaryachievement.

一個非凡的成就

特別的：用于特殊的服務(wù)、功能或場合的：

aministerextraordinary；anextraordinaryprofessor.

特派部長；一位特職教授

Whatanextraordinaryidea!

多么離奇的想法!

特別的，臨時的，額外的

anextraordinarysession

臨時會議

Itisextraordinarythat….------是不平常的

Itwasextraordinarythatherefusedourrequest.

他拒絕了我們的邀請實在是不尋常。

2）character

n.（名詞）

1）性質(zhì)，性格，特色，身份；

adeterminedcharacter果斷的性格；

inhischaracterasfather.以父親的身份；

2)字

ThecharactersinChinesewritinglooklikesmallpictures.

漢字看起來象是一幅幅小圖畫。

aChinesecharacter

一個漢字

3）個性；特色；（事物的）特性

Hehasastrongbutgentlecharacter.

thecharacterofthesavannaareas大草原地方的特色；

他有堅強但溫柔的性格。

Thenewbuildingshavechangedthecharacterofthevillage.

新建筑改變了這個村莊的特點。

4）（書、劇中的）人物

Ifindallthecharactersinhisnewplayveryreal.

我覺得他那出新戲中所有的人物都很真實。

Thestoryhasonlyafewcharacters.那故事只有幾個角色。

相關(guān)詞組：

incharacter

相符的：與某人特性或行為相符的：

behaviorthatwastotallyincharacter.

與特性完全相符的行為

outofcharacter

不相符的：與某人特性或行為不相符的：

aresponsesomuchoutofcharacterthatitamazedme.

回答與其性格如此不符，使我感到吃驚

3）set

v.（動詞）v.tr.（及物動詞）

set，setting，sets

放置：放在指定的地方；放置：

setabookonatable.

在桌上放一本書

使處于某種狀態(tài)：

settheprisoneratliberty.

給犯人自由

使牢固：放入穩(wěn)定的位置：

setthefencepostintoabedofconcrete.

將籬笆樁置于水泥床上

setabrokenarm.

接合斷臂

setthesails.

揚帆

setanalarmclock.

上鬧鐘

安排：適當(dāng)布置以備用：

setaplaceforadinnerguest;setatable.

為宴會客人安排地方；放置桌子

以…為背景：確定一幕劇的情節(jié)展開的特定地點：

aplaythatissetinVenice.

以威尼斯為背景的劇

創(chuàng)立：

setaworldrecord.

創(chuàng)世界紀(jì)錄

樹立榜樣：

Aparentmustsetagoodexampleforthechildren.

父母必須為孩子樹立好榜樣

有準(zhǔn)備的：

Wearesettoleaveearlytomorrowmorning.

我們準(zhǔn)備明早離開

相關(guān)詞組：

setabout

開始：開始或出發(fā)：

setaboutsolvingtheproblem.

著手解決問題

setdown

坐：使坐；坐下：

Setthebabydownhere.

讓小孩坐這兒

記錄：寫下；記錄：

Wesetdownthefacts.

我們記下事實

認(rèn)為；看作：

Justsethimdownasasneak.

當(dāng)他是個陰險的人

把…歸于：由…引起；把…歸于：

Letssettheerrordowntoinexperience.

讓我們把錯誤歸于沒有經(jīng)驗

著陸：（飛機）著陸：

Thepilotsettheplanedownhard.

飛行員艱難地使飛機著陸

setforth

提出：提出想法；建議：

setforthasoundplan.

提出一個合理的計劃

表達：用語言表達：

Shehassetforthherideas.

她已經(jīng)表達出了想法

setoff

發(fā)生：引起；導(dǎo)致發(fā)生：

setoffachemicalreaction.

發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)

爆炸：引起爆炸：

setoffabomb.

炸彈爆炸

開始旅程：

setoffforEurope.

開始歐洲之旅

setout

著手：開始一個熱切的計劃；著手：

Hesetouttounderstandwhytheplanhadfailed.

他開始明白為什么計劃失敗了

種：

setoutseedlings.

種小樹

開始旅程：

Shesetoutatdawnfortown.

她日出時出發(fā)去鎮(zhèn)上

setup

建立：

setupacharity.

建立一家慈善機構(gòu)

setfireto

縱火：點燃或使燃燒

set(ones)hearton

決心做某事

n.（名詞）

一套：一組互屬并成套使用的同類物品：

achessset.

一套國際象棋

4）reason

n.（名詞）.

原因；理由；動機

Thereasonshewasillwasthatshehadeatenbadmeat.

她生病的原因是她吃了變質(zhì)的肉。

Thereasonforthisisthatthisplaneisalsoabicycle.

其原因是,這架飛機又是一輛自行車。理性；理智；道理；判斷力

Theresagreatdealofreasoninhisadvice.

他的忠告極有道理。

"Therearereasonsforthisgreatinterestintheideas,feelings,andactionsofyouth."

"對年青人的思想、感情和行動發(fā)生這樣巨大的興趣,自有它的道理。"

itstandstoreason

合乎道理

listentoreason

服從道理

withreason

有理由；合乎情理

Hethinks,withreason,thatIdontlikehim.

他有理由認(rèn)為我不喜歡他。

vi.,vt.

推理；推究

toreasonclearly

推理清楚

（與into,outof連用）勸說

toreasonapersonoutoffear

勸人別害怕

（與with連用）與…爭辯

5）via,prep.（介詞）

經(jīng)由，途經(jīng)

totravelfromBeijingtoShanghaiviaTianjin

由北京經(jīng)由天津去上海

通過；憑藉

IsentamessagetoMaryviaherbrother.

我托瑪麗的兄弟把信帶給她。

6）deliver,v.tr.（及物動詞）

遞送：帶到或運送到適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤交蚪邮苷?；分送?p>delivergroceries;deliverthemail.

運送食品；投遞郵件

交付：把（某人或某物）交給他人；移交：

deliveredthecriminaltothepolice.

把罪犯交給警察

的工人

Tothroworhurl:

擲，猛投：

Thepitcherdeliveredtheball.

投手猛一投球

陳述，發(fā)言：用言辭表達；發(fā)表，講：

deliveralecture.

發(fā)表演講

分娩：

Shedeliveredababyboythismorning.

今天早晨她生了個小男孩

使分娩：給（產(chǎn)婦）接生：

Thedoctordeliveredheroftwins.

這個醫(yī)生為她接生了一對雙胞胎

放出，制造；生產(chǎn)：

Theoilwelldeliveredonly50barrelsaday.

這口油井每天只產(chǎn)原油五十桶

7）impress,（常與with連用）使（人）印象深刻；使銘記

常用被動語態(tài)，不用進行式，常與on連用）使印象深刻

Thebookimpressedalotofpeople.這本書在很多人心中留下深刻印象。

Iwasdeeplyimpressedby(at,with)hisspeech.他的演講給我留下深刻印象

Impress+n.+on(upon)+n.(person)=impress+n.(person)+with

Iimpressedonhimtheimportanceofhiswork.=Iimpressedhimwiththeimportanceofhiswork.

我使他注意他的工作的重要性。

（常與on連用）蓋（?。?；蓋（?。┯?p>impresswaxwithaseal

把印蓋在火漆上

8）announce宣布，宣告：使公開地知道

Toproclaimthepresenceorarrivalof:

宣布…的出席，宣布…的到來：

announceacaller.

宣布來訪者

Toprovideanindicationofbeforehand;foretell:

預(yù)示：事先提供暗示；預(yù)示：

Theinventionofthemicrochipannouncedanewgenerationofcomputers.

微晶片的發(fā)明預(yù)示了新一代的計算機

Toserveasanannouncerfor:

當(dāng)…的播音員：

announceafootballgameonTV.

在電視上給一場足球賽作播音

v.intr.（不及物動詞）

Todeclareonescandidacy:

宣布競選：宣布某人的候選人身份：

Presidentialcandidatesannouncetwoyearsinadvanceoftheelections.

在總統(tǒng)選舉前兩年宣布競選者

Toserveasanannouncer.

作播音員

9）forcen.

n.（名詞）

力，力量

theforceoftheexplosion

爆炸力

Youmustuseforcetoopenthatbottle.

你必須用力打開那個瓶子。

Theporterhadtoforcethewindowopeneverymorning.

每天早晨門房只好用力硬把窗戶打開。

Newemergingforcesareinvincible.

新生力量是不可戰(zhàn)勝的。

暴力

Thethieftookthemoneyfromtheoldmanbyforce.

小偷用暴力奪走了老人的錢。

〈物〉力

theforceofgravity

地心引力

Theforceofgravitymakesthingsfalltoearth.

地心引力使物體落向地面。

威力；勢力

theforcesofevil

邪惡勢力

theforcesofnature

自然力

說服力

forceofexample

榜樣的力量

Thereisforceinwhathesaid.

他的話有說服力。

部隊；兵力

thepoliceforce

警察部隊

(pl)三軍武裝力量

Theairforceisoneofthearmedforces.

空軍是武裝部隊的一種。

inforce

大批地

Thepolicewerethereinforce.

大批警察駐守在那兒。

inforce

生效；在施行中(=intoforce)

joinforces(with)

聯(lián)合；合作

v.tr.（及物動詞）

forced，forcing，forces

強迫：通過壓力或需迫使：

Iforcedmyselftopracticedaily.Hewasforcedtotakeasecondjob.

我強迫自己每天練習(xí)。他被迫要找第二份工作

強行，硬：反對抵制或慣性地運動或影響：

forcedmyfootintotheshoe.

將腳硬塞入鞋中

強加：無情地折磨或強加：

Heforcedhisideasuponthegroup.

他把自己的意見強加給別人Toputunduestrainon:

施加過分的壓力：

Sheforcedhervoicedespitebeinghoarse.

盡管嗓子已啞，她仍使勁提高嗓音

force(someones)hand

迫使倉促行動：迫使某人在條件未成熟或不情愿的情況下行動或發(fā)言

inforce

大批：大批的；大量的：有效的；操作性的

Demonstratorswereoutinforce.

大批示威者上街

arulethatisnolongerinforce.

不再有效的規(guī)則

force，oblige，

Force最為普遍，通常指力量的使用，尤其是體力上，或指不允許任何替代屈從的環(huán)境的進行：

Teargasforcedthefugitivesoutoftheirhidingplace.

催淚彈氣體將逃犯從藏身之處嗆了出來。

Lackoffundswilleventuallyforcehimtolookforwork.

資金缺乏最終將會迫使他找工作。

Oblige適用于出于權(quán)力、需要、道德或倫理的考慮而被迫屈從：

“Workconsistsofwhateverabodyisobligedtodo”(MarkTwain).

“無論什么樣的工作都必須要做”（馬克·吐溫）。

10）guide

n.（名詞）

領(lǐng)路人，導(dǎo)師，導(dǎo)游，向?qū)?p>Toserveasaguide.

監(jiān)督…的訓(xùn)練或教育：作為向?qū)е改?p>ashoppersguide.，購物指南

Aguidebook.指南，手冊

v.（動詞）

guided，guiding，guides

v.tr.（及物動詞）

帶領(lǐng)，為…做向?qū)В?p>Theyguidedustotheoffice.

他們帶領(lǐng)我們到了辦公室。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；指導(dǎo)，影響；支配；操縱

Beguidedbyyourfeeling.

按你的感覺行事。

引導(dǎo)，指引

guidedmetomyseat;

帶我到我的座位上去；

guideashipthroughachannel.

引領(lǐng)輪船通過海峽

v.intr.（不及物動詞）

guide,conduct,lead,steer作為動詞在一起比較的一般含義是“領(lǐng)”、“導(dǎo)”或“引”。

guide(抽象名詞guidance，具體名詞guide“向?qū)А?是通用詞，可以用于“為別人帶路”、“指導(dǎo)別人的學(xué)習(xí)、品行修養(yǎng)”，它的內(nèi)涵是避免走彎路或遇到危險

Thousandsoflanternsslowlydriftouttoseaguidingthedeadontheirreturnjourneytotheotherworld.

數(shù)千只燈籠慢慢向大海漂去，給死人返回陰間指明道路。

Atthetopofthebankmyguidepausedandlookedbackatme.

我的向?qū)г诤影渡仙酝Ａ艘幌?，并且回頭看了看我。

HeisnowstudyingundertheguidanceofProfessorGreen.

他現(xiàn)在正在格林教授的指導(dǎo)下學(xué)習(xí)。

而conduct(抽象名詞conductance“傳導(dǎo)力”，具體名詞conductor“向?qū)д摺?，公共汽車等的“售票員”)在表示“指導(dǎo)”、“引導(dǎo)”時含有明顯的主從關(guān)系，即被引導(dǎo)者不服從是不可以的

Thepolicemaneventuallyhadhishandstiedupandconductedhimtoashelter.

警察最后把他的雙手綁了起來并把他帶到一個防空洞。

Doyoupreferconductedtoursorindependenttravel?

你是喜歡跟著導(dǎo)游還是喜歡獨立地去旅行？

lead(抽象名詞leadership“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”，具體名詞leader“領(lǐng)袖”、“領(lǐng)隊”)可以表示“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”、“帶路”，但它總含有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者走在前面，而把被領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者控制在自己的權(quán)威之下，或被領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者處于秩序井然的狀態(tài)中的意思

Ourguideledusthroughaseriesofcaves.

我們的向?qū)ьI(lǐng)著我們穿過一個接一個的洞穴。

steer(抽象名詞steerage“操縱”，具體名詞steersman“舵手”)一般表示“駕駛”、“掌舵”，但常用于比喻，詞義引伸后有“操縱”、“指導(dǎo)”的意思。尤其適用于表示“指導(dǎo)著度過難關(guān)”的意義

TheCuttySarkrolledfromsidetosideanditbecameimpossibletosteerher.

卡蒂薩克號向兩側(cè)搖晃著，駕駛這只船是不可能的了。

Soonthecountrywillbesteeredtopeaceandprosperity.

這個國家很快便會被帶入和平與繁榮之境。

詞組：

1）passon

傳遞；前進，傳下來；傳給（后代），離去；往前

Letusnowpassontothenextsubject.

現(xiàn)在讓我們看看下一個題目。

2）putforward

提出：提議以供考慮：

putforwardanewplan.

提出一個新計劃

3）comeacross

偶然遇到或找到：

cameacrossmyoldcollegeroommateintowntoday.

今天在鎮(zhèn)上遇到我大學(xué)的老同學(xué)

給予印象：

“Hecomesacrossasaverysincere,religiousindividual”(WilliamL.Clay)

“他給人的印象是一個很虔誠的、篤實的人”(威廉L.克萊)

4）notonly….butalso

一、主要用法：

1、連接主語：

NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMaryarefoundofwatchingtelevision.

不僅我，而且湯姆和瑪麗都喜歡看電視。

由于notonlyAbutalsoB句式的重點在B上，所以謂語動詞一般要與B保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。

2、連接謂語：

TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalsosharealargenumberofsocialcustoms.

英國人和美國人不但語言相同，而且有很多相同的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。

注意notonly…butalso連接的動詞一般不重復(fù)，這與漢語不同。如漢語說“我不僅懂英語，而且懂俄語”，英語則說“IknownotonlyEnglishbutalsoRussian”，而不說“InotonlyknowEnglishbutalsoknowRussian”.再如：“氣體不僅改變形狀，而且改變體積”，英譯為“Agaschangesnotonlyinshapebutalsoinvolume.”（注意介詞常重復(fù)）

3、連接賓語：

Theproblemfortherecipientwastryingtoguessnotonlywhothesenderwas,butalsowhathissecretfeelingsmightbe.

收信人不僅要盡力猜出是誰的，還要猜測寄信人的內(nèi)心有什么想法。

4、連接表語：

Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbut(also)anactor.

莎士比亞不僅是一位劇作家，而且是一位演員。

5、連接賓語補足語：

Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.

淺色和鮮艷的顏色不但使人看了高興，也會使人更加活潑。

6、連接狀語：

Ifyourfriendremindsyoukindlyofyourfaults,takewhathesaysnotmerelypleasantlybutthankfully.

如果你的朋友善意的指明你的缺點，你不但要欣然接受，而且要心懷感激之情。

7、連接從句：

Hedidn’tletusoffthebookuntilwehadprovednotonlythatweknowwhatanorganismwasburalsothatwehadthefortitudetostandupforthetruth.

直到我們證明了我們不僅知道什么是生物體，而且具有堅持真理的不屈不撓的精神時，他這才放過我們。

8、連接定語：

Manhasbecomemasternotonlyoftheskybutalsoofthespace.

人類不僅征服了太空，而且征服了太空。

9、連接句子

Inotonlyheardit,but(also)Isawit.

我不僅聽到、而且看到了它。

Notonly…butalso連接句子時，notonly可以置于句首表示強調(diào)，這是第一分句要采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

Notonlyhasheafirst-classbrainbutalsoheisatremendouslyhardworker.

它不僅有著頭等的頭腦，而且工作很能吃苦。

Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrestedbuthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.

這個可憐人不僅被逮捕，而且被投進監(jiān)獄。

Notonlydotheprofessorshavetheirownideasonthematter,butthestudentshavetheirstoo.

對這件事不僅教授們有自己的看法，學(xué)生們也有自己的想法。

10、用于itis…that強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)：

Itisnotonlythescientistandthephysicianwhoneedalongspecialtrainingnow,butthecomputerexpert,theaccountant,andthebusinessmanager.

現(xiàn)在，不僅科學(xué)家和醫(yī)生需要長時期的專門訓(xùn)練，計算機專家、會計師和企業(yè)經(jīng)理也需要這種訓(xùn)練。

二、notonly…but的省略及其變體

1、notonly…butalso中的also可以省略。有人認(rèn)為該句型所連接的第二部分最高級形容詞或它所表示的范圍、程度、影響等超過第一部分時，常將also省略。例如：

Hewasnotonlyasuccessfulwriterbut(also)thegreatestpoetofhistime.

它不僅是一位成功的作家，而且還是他那個時代最偉大的詩人。

Notonlydotheysufferlesspainthanmostwomeninlabor,butthetownboastsanunusuallylowrateofinfantmortality.

這不僅使她們比大多數(shù)的婦女受痛苦，，而且是城市嬰兒死亡率大大降低。

2、notonly…butalso句型一般只可以省略also，但在連接句子時，有時也可見到省略but甚至butalso的情形。例如：

NotonlywasItired,Iwasalsocold.

我不光困倦，還感到很冷。（省去了but）

Sincemoistureisneededforrain,dryairinthemorningnotonlyallowsthespidertogetanearlystart,isalsomeansadryday.

有了濕度才會下雨，因此，早晨空氣干燥不僅使蜘蛛早點開始結(jié)網(wǎng)，而且意味著這一天不會下雨。(省去了but)

Notonlyhasshebeenanexcellentwife,shehasbeenabetterhusbandthanI’llneverbe.

她不僅是一個極其出色的妻子，而且是一個我永遠也做不到的好丈夫。(省去了butalso)

3、notonly…butalso的形式比較固定，但也會出現(xiàn)but與also被分開的情形。例如：Notonlythemotherbutthechildrenarealsosick.

Notonlyishisrightlungaffectedbuthisleftlungisalso.

4、notonlyAbutalsoB的替代式常見的還有notonlyabutB…aswell,notonlyAbutBtoo,notmerelyAbutalsoB,notjustAbutalsoB,not…alone...but等。例如：

Injurisprudenceitisawell-knownprinciplethatjusticeshouldnotmerelybedonebutshouldalsobeseentobedone.

在法理學(xué)方面，人所共知的原則是：對受害者不僅應(yīng)該公正對待，而且應(yīng)當(dāng)讓人們看到他得到了公正的對待。

Notpoetsalone,norartists,northatsuperiororderofmindwhicharrogatestoitselfallrefinement,feelthis,butdogsandallmen.

不僅使人，藝術(shù)家以及那些自命不凡、思想杰出的人覺得如此，連狗和普通人也有同感。

三、其他注意事項：

1、“notonlyAbutalsoB”結(jié)構(gòu)中的A和B通常是同等成分。由于同一成分常常由同一詞類的詞來擔(dān)任，所以A與B常常也是同一詞性，但是，也有A與B屬于不同詞性的情形。例如：“Heisnotonlyveryclever,butalsoaveryhardworker,andhelikestodoeverythingwell.”（他不但聰明，而且能下功夫。他喜歡把每件事都做得很好。）其中A是形容詞，B是名詞，但兩者均在句中作表語，因此仍是正確的句子。然而，在“Henotonlyplaysthepiano,butalsotheviolin.”一句中，A是動詞，B是名詞，不是同一成分，因此語法學(xué)家認(rèn)為此句有點欠妥，至少在書面語中就是如此。如改為“Heplaysnotonlythepiano,butalsotheviolin.”就無懈可擊了，再看下面的例子：

ThesurprisegrantnotonlyenabledDadtofinishAT,buttograduatefirstinhisclass.

這筆意外的獎學(xué)金不僅是我的父親能讀完農(nóng)業(yè)和技術(shù)學(xué)院，而且畢業(yè)成績名列榜首。

2、有人認(rèn)為，notonly…butalso不能用于否定句。漢語中用于否定句中的“不但…而且”在英語中要用aswellas表示。如“不但我不想看戲，而且他也不想看戲”可譯作“He,aswellasI,doesn’twanttoseetheplay.”不過，這條規(guī)則也有例外，請看下面的例子:

Notonlydon’tIknowthepopulationofNepal,Idon’tknowwhereingod’sworlditis!

我不但不知道尼泊爾人口，而且連它究竟在哪里也不知道！

這個例句有幾個共同點：都是連接否定分句，都是倒裝句，都沒有用butalso。下面一例出自一位美國作家之手，所不同的是notonly…but連接的是并列謂語，第一個動詞是不定的，第二個動詞則是肯定的：

Nonetheless,ashedescribedMary’sattitudesheraccomplishments,hefoundhimselfwishingthatshecaredmoreaboutthepolicesideofhislifethansheseemedto,thatshemightunderstanditasintimately,say,asthewomanoppositehim.ButthismotionseemedtohimsodisloyaltoMarythathenotonlydidnotarticulateit,butatoncetriedtosuppressit.

Notes

1Uponreachingthetopofthemountain,afeelingofhappinessandasenseofachievementwillbeexperienced.

Theprepositionuponheremeansatorimmediatelyafterthetimeoroccasionof.Theprepositiononcanalsobeusedtoexpressthesamemeaning.

Upon/OnhisarrivalinParis,thefamousfilmstarwasrecognizedandsurroundedbyhisfans.

Upon/Onhearingofthedeathofhisparents,hecriedforhours.

2Specialglovesarealsowornsothatpeopleandobjectsinthefilmcanbetouched.

Heresothatmeanswiththeaimthat,whichisusedtointroduceaclauseshowingapurpose.

Sheworkedhardsothateverythingwouldbereadyby6oclock.

Sothatcanalsomeanwiththeresultthat,whichisusedtointroduceaclause

showingaresult.

Nothingmorewasheardfromhimsothatwebegantowonderifhehadleft.

3ToaddtothevirtualworldofRealCine,smellsaregivenoutthroughsmallopeningsintheheadsets.

Hereaddtomeanstoincrease.

TheWestLakeaddstothebeautyofthecityofHangzhou.

Thisphrasecanalsobeusedlikeadd...to...

Ifyouaddtwelvetoeighty-five,yougetninety-seven.

4InscientificstudiesithasbeenshownthatVRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldandmakethemworkhardertomaketheirdreamscometrue.

HereitreferstothesubjectclausethatVRcanprovideteenagerswithanotherwaytoexperiencetheworldand...

Whenthesubjectisaclause,anemptysubjectitisoftenused,andtheorderofthesentenceisnormallychanged.

Compareeachpairofsentencesasfollows:

Whatshelookslikedoesntmatter.Itdoesntmatterwhatshelookslike.

Thatincometaxshouldbeabolishedhasactuallybeensuggested.

Ithasactuallybeensuggestedthatincometaxshouldbeabolished.

5AnargumenthasbeenputforwardthatsomeviewerswillbedisappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.

Herethatisusedtointroduceanappositiveclausesomeviewerswillbe

disappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.Thisclausereferstoanargumentandthatcannotbeomitted.

Yourbeliefthatthingswillimproveistoooptimistic.

Yoursuggestionthatweshouldpaymoreattentiontoourtablemannersisagoodone.……

語法點津

PassiveVoice

英文動詞有主動語態(tài)ActiveVoice和被動語態(tài)PassiveVoice之分。如果主語是動作或狀態(tài)的「發(fā)出者」，動詞就用主動語態(tài)；如果主語是動作或狀態(tài)的「承受者」，動詞就用被動語態(tài)。

例如：

1.JohnencouragedMary.﹝約翰鼓勵瑪莉。﹞

2.MarywasencouragedbyJohn.﹝瑪莉受到約翰鼓勵。﹞

※第一句的動詞"encouraged"是主動語態(tài)；第二句的動詞

"wasencouraged"是被動語態(tài)。

動詞被動語態(tài)的基本形態(tài)是：

助動詞BE+及物動詞的過去分詞(-ed分詞)

動詞的被動語態(tài)通常有六種時、體形式：即一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時、現(xiàn)在進行體、過去進行體、現(xiàn)在完成體和過去完成體。

1．SimplePresentTense

主動語態(tài)：Iteachhim.

被動語態(tài)：Heistaughtbyme.

2．SimplePastTense

主動語態(tài)：Itaughthimyesterday.

被動語態(tài)：Hewastaughtbymeyesterday.

3．PresentContinuousTense

主動語態(tài)：Iamteachinghim.

被動語態(tài)：Heisbeingtaughtbyme.

4．PastContinuousTense

主動語態(tài)：Iwasteachinghimwhenyoucame.

被動語態(tài)：Hewasbeingtaughtbymewhenyoucame.

5．PresentPerfectTense

主動語態(tài)：Ihavetaughthim.

被動語態(tài)：Hehasbeentaughtbyme.

6．PastPerfectTense

主動語態(tài)：Ihadtaughthimbeforeyoucame.

被動語態(tài)：Hehadbeentaughtbymebeforeyoucame.

一般將來時SimpleFutureTense也常常有這種被動語態(tài)形式

主動語態(tài)：Ishallteachhimtomorrow.

被動語態(tài)：Hewillbetaughtbymetomorrow.

動詞由主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的步驟：

1.先找出謂語動詞；

2.再找出謂語動詞后的賓語；

3.把賓語用作被動語態(tài)中的主語；

4.注意人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。

例：1.　Brucewritesalettereveryweek.

→AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.

2.　LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning.

→ThebrokenbikewasmendedbyLiLeithismorning.

3.Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar.

→Twonovelshavebeenwrittenbyhimsofar.

4.Theywillplanttentreestomorrow.

→Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.

5.Lucyiswritingaletternow.

→AletterisbeingwrittenbyLucynow.
6.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.

→thedoormustbelockedwhenyouleave.
三、使用被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個問題：
1.不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)。

Whatwillhappenin100years.
Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.
2.有些動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。
Thispenwriteswell.
Thisnewbooksellswell.
3.感官動詞或使役動詞使用省略to的動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)中不帶to，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，須加上to。
例：makesomebodydosomething

→somebody+be+madetodosomething
seesomebodydosomething

→somebody+be+seentodosomething
Agirlsawmywalletdropwhenshepassedby.

→Mywalletwasseentodropbyagirlwhenshepassedby.
Thebossmadethelittleboydoheavywork.

→Thelittleboywasmadetodoheavyworkbytheboss.
4.如果是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時，直接賓語(物)作主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定。
Hegavemeabook.

→Abookwasgiventomebyhim.
Heshowedmeaticket.

→Aticketwasshowntomebyhim.
Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.

→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.
5.一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時，動詞短語應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。
Wecan’tlaughhim.

→Hecan’tbelaughbyus.
Helistenstotheradioeveryday.

→Theradioislistenedtobyhimeveryday.
Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.

→Thesickmanisbeingtakencareofbythenurse.
只要你掌握了以上一些方法，

使用被動語態(tài)的一般因由

1.不易說出動作或狀態(tài)的「發(fā)出者」

例如：

Thisbuildingwascompletedin1980.

*由誰建成，不易說出。

2.不便說出動作或狀態(tài)的「發(fā)出者」

例如：

ThemeetinghasbeenpostponedtillFriday.

3.動作或狀態(tài)的「承受者」比「發(fā)出者」更需強調(diào)

例如：

Apressconferencewasheldlastnight.

4.為了修辭

例如：

Theteacherlovesthestudentsandislovedbythem.

態(tài)：Abookwasgivenhimbyme.

含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成：Modalverbsandthepassivevoice情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞

Studentswilllearnhowtousemodalverbsinthepassivevoicetoexpressability,possibility,duty,permission,etc.Theyarealsoexpectedtolearntousemodalverbsinthepassivevoiceinthepresentandthepasttenses.
Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.

Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.
Thedoormaybelockedinside.
Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.

Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice

Herestudentswilllearnsomeoftheverbsthatareoftenusedinthepassivevoice.Andtheyshouldknowthattheseverbsfunctionasadjectives.

Theteachermaybeginthispartbyaskingstudentstocompletesomesentencesbychoosingoneofthetwowordsgiven.Thewordsinboldarethecorrectanswers.Forexample,

1.Thechildrenaregettingaboutthecomingholiday.(exciting;excited)

2.Dontyougetofarguingaboutthesamethingallthetime?(tiring;tired)

3.JoanisntverygoodatPhysics,soeveryonewaswhenshepassedtheexam.(surprising;surprised)

4.AllofuswereverylastSaturdaybecauseourteamlostthegame.(disappointing;disappointed)

5.Itwassnowinglastnight.Soeverythingiswithsnowthismorning.(covering;covered)

6.Myparentsarequitewithmytestresults.(pleasing;pleased)

7.Bothofthemarewiththearrangement.(satisfying;satisfied)

Askstudentswhytheychoosetheverb-edformsbutnotverb-ingforms.

注：黑體字為答案。自主演練

A．單項填空

1、It’ssaidthataboutaquarterof_______Europeancanspeak_________foreignlanguagebesidestheirnativelanguage.

Athe;aBan;theCthe;theD不填；不填

2、Ilike________intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.

AthisBeitherCitDone

3、DoyoureallybelievethatMr.Whitehasblamedusfortheaccident,especially________?

AyouandmeBIandyouCyouandIDyouandme

4、AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,__________.

Athemoreforlifeareyouequipped

Bthemoreequippedforlifeyouare

Cthemorelifeyouareequippedfor

Dyouareequippedthemoreforlife

5、Americaneat______astheyactuallyneedeveryday.

AtwiceasmuchproteinBtwiceproteinasmuchtwice

CtwiceproteinasmuchDproteinastwicemuch

6、JasonhasbeenpreparingcarefullyforhisEnglishexaminationsothathecouldbesureofpassingitathisfirst_________.

ApurposeBdesireCattemptDintention

7、JohnandI________friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe________eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.

Ahadbeen;havebeenBhavebeen;havebeen

Chadbeen;hadseenDhavebeen;hadseen

8、I________whilereadingtheEnglishtextbook.Luckily,myroommatewokemeupintime.

AhadfallenasleepBhavefallenasleepCfellasleepDfallasleep

9、Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy_________goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.

AhadconsideredBhasbeenconsidering

CconsideredDisgoingtoconsider

10、ThemayorofBeijingsaysthatallconstructionworkfortheBeijingOlympics________by2006.

AhasbeencompletedBhascompleted

CwillhavebeencompletedDwillhavecompleted

11、Thefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945,andtheirpower________increasedenormouslyeversince.

AisBwasChasbeenDhadbeen

12、Morepatients________inhospitalthisyearthanlastyear.

AtreatedBhavetreatedChadbeentreatedDhavebeentreated

13、Susandecidednottoworkontheprogramathomebecauseshedidn’twantherparentstoknowwhatshe_________.

AhasdoneBhaddoneCwasdoingDisdoing

14、Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,which_________thePacific,andwemetnostorms.

AwascalledBiscalledChadbeencalledDhasbeencalled

15、________inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.

ATowaitBHavewaitedCHavingwaitedDTohavewaited

16、ItissaidthatBarbara’ssisterfelloffherbicycleonherwaytoschool,_________intheleftleg.

AseriouslydamagingBhurtingbadly

CbreakingseriouslyDbadlyhurt

17、Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I_______somuchfriedchickenjustnow.

Ashouldn’teatBmustn’thaveeaten

Cshouldn’thaveeatenDmustn’teat

18、Itseemsasifthesun________roundtheearthsinceitrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.

AcirclesBiscirclingChasbeencirclingDwerecircling

19、Theymusthavebeenenjoyingthemselvesthere,otherwisethey_________solong.

Acan’thavestayedBwouldn’thavestayed

Cneedn’thavestayedDcouldn’tstay

20、Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace________,justasthesamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.

AwhichBwhereCthereDwhat

B．短文填空

Theyearis2094.Ithasbeenannouncedthatacomet（彗星）isheadingtowardstheEarth.Mostofitwillmissourplanet,buttwopieceswillprobablythesouthernhalfoftheEarth.

______17July,apiecefourkilometerswideenterstheEarth’s（大氣層）withamassiveexplosion.Abouthalfofthepieceisdestroyed,buttheparthitstheSouthAtlanticat200timestheofsound.Theseaboilsandahugeholeismadeintheseabed.Hugewavesarecreatedandspreadfromthehole.Thewallofwater,akilometerhigh,rushestowardssouthernAfricaat800kilometersanhour.CitiesontheAfricanaretotallydestroyedandmillionsofpeopleare_______.

BeforethewavesreachSouthAmerica,thesecondpieceofthecometinArgentina.EarthquakesandvolcanoesareoffintheAndesMountains.TheshockmovenorthintoCaliforniaandallaroundthePacificOcean.ThecitiesofLosAngeles,SanFranciscoandTokyoarecompletelybyearthquakes.Millionsofpeopleinthesouthernhalfoftheeartharealreadydead,thenorthwon’tforlong.Becauseoftheexplosions,thesunishiddenbycloudsofdust,temperaturesaroundtheworldtoalmostzero.Cropsareruined.Thesunwon’tbeseenagainformanyyears.WarsbreakoutascountriesfightforAyearlater,nomorethan10millionpeopleremain.

Coulditreallyhappen?Infact,ithasalreadyhappenedmorethanonceinthehistoryoftheEarth.Thedinosaurs（恐龍）wereontheEarthforover160millionyears.Then65millionyearsagotheysuddenlydisappeared.ManyscientistsbelievethattheEarthwashitbyapieceofobjectin.Thedinosaurscouldn’tlive

________thecoldclimatethatfollowedandtheydiedout.Willwemeetthesameend

C．詞匯題

1、Acourier______theparcelsexpectedforalongtimetoouroffice.

AtookBaddressedCdeliveredDgave

2、Weweremostimpressed________yourefficiency.

AinBonCwithDupon

3、ThePrimeMinisterofGreatBritain________thathewouldresign.

AannouncedBpredictedCreportedDcircularized

4、Thethiefwhowasontheredcoat________hertohandoverthemoney.

AletBforcedCforbadeDfraud

5、Thereisan_______filmaboutahighlygiftedchildwhosepictureoftenappearedinthenewspaper.

AspecialBunusualCadditionalDextraordinary

6、------I’msorryIsteppedoutsideforasmoke.Iwasverytired.

-------Thereisno_______forthiswhileyouareonduty.

AreasonBexcuseCcauseDexplanation

7、Idecidedtoputyourname_______forbasketballclubsecretary.

AonBinCforwardDthrough

8、Passthebook________tomewhenyou’vefinishedwithit.

AoutBbyConDover

9、Oneoftheconsequencesofourplanet’sbeingwarmingupisa(n)________inthenumberofnaturaldisasters.

AresultBaccountCreasonDincrease

10、Nomatterwhatyoudo,youshouldputyour________intoit.

AmindBheartCbrainDthought

11、Thereareusuallyatleasttwo________oflookingateveryquestion.

AmeansBdirectionsCviewsDways

12、Mychest________whenImakeadeepbreath,doctor.

AharmsBwoundsChurtsDinjuries

13、Iwrotehimalettertoshowmy_________ofhisthoughtfulness.

AachievementBagreementCattentionDappreciation

14、Oneoftheadvantagesoflivingonthetopfloorofahigh-riseisthatyoucangetagood________.

AsightBsceneCattentionDappreciation

15、Wehave_______themeetingforwardbyoneweekaccordingtotheheadmaster’srequirement.

AputBlookCmoveDlet

D．改錯題

WeallknowthepyramidsinEgyptandmostof1.______
usdon’tknowthepeopleinMexicointheoldtimealso2.______
builtpyramids.Theydidn’tbuildthemtotombs.The　3.______
pyramidsinMexicoaren’tashighasthatinEgypt,but4.______
theyarebig.Eachonepyramidhasawidestairway5.______
uptothetop.Thereisnothinginsidethepyramids,　6.______
onlyearthandstones.Scientiststhinkittakesone　7.______
thousandmenmorethantenyearsbuildthebiggestone.8.______
Howdidhepeoplebuildthepyramids?Scientistshad9.______
Studiedforyears,butnoonecansaywhattheydidit.10.______

E.單句翻譯

1.好的傳統(tǒng)應(yīng)該一代一代往下傳。(passon)2.他的父親強迫他戒煙。(forcesb.todosth.)3.這個有著非凡的舞蹈天賦的女孩是我們的班長。(extraordinary)4.他想通過付額外的薪水來使他的員工留下印象。(impress)5.如果我有一個生日舞會，我會立刻通知我的朋友。(announce)6.他今天沒來上學(xué)的原因是他媽媽病了。(thereason……isthat….)7.我準(zhǔn)備遞送這只鉆戒，因為我知道我無論給誰他都會喜歡。(deliver)8.我們應(yīng)該提出一個有效的方法來改善我們的英語學(xué)習(xí)。(putforward…)9.每個人都應(yīng)該通過自己的行為為下一代樹立榜樣。(setup)10.他帶領(lǐng)我們從一個勝利走向另一個勝利。(guide)F.書面表達

某英文報“讀者來信”專欄正在就高三學(xué)生家長是否應(yīng)該為孩子購置電腦這一話題開展討論。有贊同的，也有反對的。請你向該報編輯寫一封英文信，發(fā)表你的觀點。

信的開頭已寫好，你只需接著寫。

注意：

1．下面的提示可能會幫助你構(gòu)思：

A.moreinformation?

improveEnglish?

learningsoftware(學(xué)習(xí)軟件)?

enjoyoneself?

….

B.computergames

short-sighted

wasteofmoney

failtheexams

…

2．你不必根據(jù)上面的提示逐條進行寫作，可自由發(fā)揮。

3．詞數(shù)：70以上。

Deareditor,

ImastudentofSeniorThree.Ithinkmyparentsshouldbuymeacomputernow.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

多彩世界

訓(xùn)練學(xué)生思維，體現(xiàn)創(chuàng)新精神，輸入新材料，提高閱讀欣賞能力，豐富和超越教材目標(biāo)。

A.提供或設(shè)計與單元話題相關(guān)的情景材料，進行說寫訓(xùn)練。

Situation1:…

EuropeanShuttlePrototypeLandsSafely

導(dǎo)讀：歐洲航空防務(wù)與空間公司“鳳凰號”航天飛機模型在瑞典成功試飛。

Sun,May09,2004

STOCKHOLM,Sweden(瑞典首都-斯德哥爾摩)-AnunmannedprototypeofaEuropeanspaceshuttleglidedsafelybacktoEarthonSaturdayafterbeingdroppedfromnearly8,000feetupbyahelicopter.

GuidedbyGlobalPositioningSystemsatellites(全球定位衛(wèi)星),theGerman-designedEADS(歐洲航空防務(wù)與空間公司)Phoenixwasdroppedbyaheavy-dutyhelicopteroverSwedenat9:45a.m.and"landedperfectly"90secondslateronatestrunwaynorthofStockholm,aprojectspokeswomansaid.

"Everyonehereisecstatic,"saidJohannaBergstroem-Roos,oftheNorthEuropeanAerospaceTestRangeinKiruna,770milesnorthofStockholm.

"Thisgivesuswindinoursails."

ThePhoenixshuttle,alongwiththeAriane5rocket,representstheEuropeanSpaceAgencyshopeforsendingastronautsintospace,butprojectmanagersconcedeafull-sizeversionwillnotbereadyuntilsometimebetween2015and2020.

ThetestflightwasoriginallyplannedforFridaybutwaspostponedsotechnicianscouldfinishanalyzingdatafromanearliertestofthevehiclesonboardcomputersthisweek.

Thenextsteplikelywillbetodroptheprototypefromhigheraltitudes,withthehelpofahigh-altitudeballoon,Bergstroem-Roossaid.Thefinishedshuttlemustbecapableofglidingtolandfromanaltitudeof80miles,shesaid.

Situation2:…Asmotorwaysbecomemoreandmorecloggedupwithtraffic,anewgenerationofflyingcarswillbeneededtoferrypeoplealongskyways.

ThatistheverdictofengineersfromtheUSspaceagencyandaeronauticalfirms,whoenvisionfuturecommuterstravellingby"skycar".

Thesecouldlookmuchliketheconceptskycarshowninthepicture,designedbyBoeingresearchanddevelopment.

However,suchvehiclescouldbesome25yearsfromappearingonthemarket.

Effortstobuildflyingvehiclesinthepasthavenotbeenverysuccessful.

Suchvehicleswouldnotonlybeexpensiveandrequiretheskillsofatrainedpilottofly,buttherearesignificantengineeringchallengesinvolvedindevelopingthem.

"Whenyoutrytocombinethemyougettheworstofbothworlds:averyheavy,slow,expensivevehiclethatshardtouse,"saidMarkMoore,headofthepersonalairvehicle(PAV)divisionofthevehiclesystemsprogramatNasasLangleyResearchCenterinHampton,US.

ButBoeingisalsoconsideringhowtopolicetheairways-andpreventtotalpandemonium-ifthousandsofflyingcarsentertheskies.

"Theneat,gee-whizpartisthinkingaboutwhatwouldthevehicleitselflooklike,"saidDickPaul,avicepresidentwithPhantomWorks,Boeingsresearchanddevelopmentarm.

"Butweretryingtothinkthroughalltheramificationsofwhatwouldittaketodeployafleetofthese."

Pastproposalstosolvethisproblemhaveincludedartificialintelligencesystemstopreventcollisionsbetweenairtraffic.

Nasaisworkingonflyingvehicleswiththeinitialgoaloftransformingsmallplanetravel.

Smallplanesaregenerallycostly,loud,requiremonthsoftrainingandlotsofmoneytooperate,makingflyingtoworkimpracticalformostpeople.

Butwithinfiveyears,Nasaresearchershopetodeveloptechnologyforasmallplanethatcanflyoutofregionalairports,costslessthan0,000(￡55,725),isasquietasamotorcycleandassimpletooperateasacar.

Althoughitwouldnothaveanyroad-drivingcapabilities,itwouldbringthisformoftravelwithinthegraspofawidersectionofpeople.Technologywouldautomatemanyofthepilotsfunctions.

ThisSmallAircraftTransportationSystem(Sats)woulddivertpressureawayfromthe"hub-and-spoke"modelofairtravel.

Hub-and-spokereferstothetypicallyUSmodelofpassengersbeingprocessedthroughlarge"hub"airportsandthenontosecondaryflightsto"spoke"airportsneartheirfinaldestination.由于高速公路上的交通堵塞情況越來越嚴(yán)重，一種能夠載人穿梭在“空中高速路”上的新一代“飛車”將成為需要。

這就是美國國家航空航天局和一些航空公司的工程師們的意見，他們預(yù)測未來人類將會乘坐“飛車”旅行。

這些車可能會和圖片中見到的波音公司研發(fā)中心設(shè)計的概念飛車很相像。

然而，這樣的交通工具可能需要25年左右的時間才能投放市場。

人類在過去制造飛車的努力一直都不是很成功。

這樣的交通工具汽車耗資不菲，而且要求駕駛者具備像訓(xùn)練有素的飛行員一樣的駕駛技巧；不僅如此，在研制過程中還面臨工程學(xué)方面的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。

馬克·摩爾是美國國家航空航天局蘭利研究中心（位于漢普頓）汽車系統(tǒng)項目組“個人空中交通工具（PAV）”小組的負(fù)責(zé)人，他說：“當(dāng)你試圖將各個方面組合起來時，得到的是一輛最糟糕的車：非常笨重，速度又慢，價格還高，總之駕駛起來很不方便。”

但波音公司同時也在考慮，在上千輛“飛車”進入空中的情況下如何對空中通道進行管理，防止交通陷入徹底的混亂。

波音公司研發(fā)部門“幻影工程隊”的副總裁迪克·保羅說：“最關(guān)鍵和最精彩的是設(shè)計出這種交通工具本身，但是我們也在全力考慮當(dāng)這樣一支車隊投入運行后可能出現(xiàn)的所有情況?！?p>關(guān)于如何解決這個問題，以往就有一些建議，包括使用人工智能系統(tǒng)來防止空中交通工具之間發(fā)生碰撞。

B.一篇閱讀文章。

GauriNandaseesawearablecomputerasa...handbag--onethatsbuiltoutoffour-inchsquaresandtrianglesoffabric,withtinycomputerchipsembeddedinit.

AssembledtogetherwithVelcrothatconductselectricity,thesepiecesformabagthatlooks,feels,andweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpurse.

Thatswherethesimilaritiesend:Thisbagcanwirelesslykeeptabsonyourbelongingsandremindyou,justasyoureabouttoleavethehouse,totakeyourwallet.Itcanreviewtheweatherreportandsuggestthatyougrabanumbrella--oryoursunshades.Thispursecanevenuploadyourfavoritesongsontoyourscarf.

Sure,acomputingpurseandscarfsetmayseemlikethestuffofsciencefiction.Butthesedevices,partofnextgenerationofwearablecomputers,couldbecomecommonplacewithinafewyears.Unitshipmentsofsuchwearablecomputers--purses,watches,shirts--shouldrisefrom261,000lastyearto1.39millionin2008,accordingtothetechresearchfirmIDC.

Poweringthismarketareadvancementsindesignandinfabric-embeddedelectronics.Overthelasttwoyears,DuPont(DD)creatednewfiberscalledAracon,madeofKevlar,thataresuperstrong,canconductelectricity,andcanbewovenintoordinary-lookingclothes.AndchipmakerInfineon(IFX)developedchippackagingallowingwearablecomputerstobewashed,evenintheheavy-dutycycle.

Asaresult,thesenewwearablesareafarcryfromtheclunkyanddownrightsillyversionsoftherecentpast,whichoftenrequireduserstobewrappedinwires,typeontheirstomachs,andsportanunseemlydisplayontheirforeheads."Cyborgcomputingwasveryclunky,verybulkymachinesthatpeopledidntwanttocarryaround,"saysNanda,aresearcherattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinCambridge,Mass."Ourbagsfeelandlooklikebags."

Unliketheirpredecessors,thesenewwearablecomputersalsomakeeconomicsense.Whenherbagbecomescommerciallyavailableintwotothreeyears,Nandaexpectsitwillcostaround0,whichisthepriceofanaverageleatherpurse.Only"itsfun,youcanripapartandputtogetheracomputer,"shesays.

Hereshowthebagworks:Youplaceaspecialradio-signal-transmittingchipontoyourwallet.Asimilarradioinyourpursepicksupthesignalandnotifiesyouthatyouveforgottentotakeyourwallet.Inturn,sensorsonyourpurseshandleswillnotifythecomputerthatyouvepickedupthepurseandarereadytogo.

Suchunobtrusive,inconspicuous,andfundevicesshouldgrabmorethan80%ofthetotalwearablecomputingmarketby2008,whilecyborgianwearablePCswillremainaniche,saysIDCanalystKevinBurden.Already,thesenewkindsofwearablesarebeingadoptedforuseinmarketslikeautorepair,emergencyservices,medicalmonitoring--andeven,increasingly,forconsumersatlarge.

Wearablesarealsoslowlymakingtheirwayintotheauto-repairmarket.AcompanycalledMicrovision(MVIS)recentlyintroduceditsNomadhead-mounteddisplay.Itcoversoneeye,butitssee-through,allowingautotechnicianstoexaminetheinnardsofacarandcheckthemagainston-screencomputerdrawingsatthesametime.Itcomesasabaseballcapclip-on,tobemoreunobtrusive.

Sofar,itsahit:AtJimFisherVolvodealershipinPortland,Ore.,whichhasbeentestingthesystemforaboutsevenmonths,productivityoftechnicianswentup10%to20%,saysServiceManagerJohnProsser.Betteryet,customerstalkingtotechnicianswhoarewearingthesecontraptionsalsoaremorelikelytoagreetorepairs,pushingrevenueup15%to18%.SaysProsser:"Thismakes[technicians]wanttogetinvolvedandtocrossthisbridgeofreluctance"inusinganewtechnology.

Indeed,manymorepeoplewillwanttocrossthatbridgeinthecomingyears--makingforaboomingmarketforwearablecomputersthatdontlooklikesomethingoutofanoldStarTrekepisode.

最新型的可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品在外觀方面與普通衣物幾乎沒有什么兩樣，而售價的降低和功能的豐富也許會使它成為未來人類不可或缺的工具之一。

Thelatestgenerationoftheseever-smartergarmentslooklikeordinaryclothes,assembledtogetherwithVelcrothatconductselectricity,thesepiecesformabagthatlooks,feels,andweighslikeyourtypicalleatherpurse.

你能否想象一臺僅僅4英寸大小的電腦？用戶可以方便地隨身攜帶，重量與一件普通的皮夾克差不多。它，就是“可穿著式電腦”。最新型的可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品在外觀方面與普通衣物幾乎沒有什么兩樣，而售價的降低和功能的豐富也許會使它成為未來人類不可或缺的工具之一。

據(jù)美國《商業(yè)周刊》3月8日報道，這種“小家伙”可以幫助用戶通過無線方式與主人的其他財物保持聯(lián)系，并隨時隨地提醒用戶一些生活細節(jié)。當(dāng)用戶離開房間的時候，它會乖巧地提醒主人不要忘記攜帶錢包；在主人出行時，它會自動查詢天氣預(yù)報，幫助主人做到未雨綢繆；它甚至還可以在主人穿著的圍脖中加入喜歡的歌曲。

的確，這些高科技的電腦更多情況下只能出現(xiàn)在科幻小說的情節(jié)當(dāng)中。不過，根據(jù)市場調(diào)查機構(gòu)IDC提供的預(yù)測數(shù)據(jù)，下一代“可穿著式電腦”產(chǎn)品在未來幾年中將成為市場上的常見商品。IDC預(yù)測，這種高科技產(chǎn)品的銷量，包括電腦錢包、電腦手表、電腦T恤，將從去年的26萬臺提高到2008年的139萬臺。

高科技電腦產(chǎn)品的背后都有著堅實的技術(shù)支柱。過去兩年中，美國杜邦公司發(fā)明了一種新型的纖維材質(zhì)，名為Aracon。這種材料具有超高強度并可導(dǎo)電，最重要的是，它可以被任意地折疊并制作成衣服。芯片制造商英飛凌（Infineon）公司也開發(fā)了一款專門用于可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品的芯片包，這種芯片包可以在衣物電腦被水洗的過程中保護芯片的安全。

與上一代昂貴的可穿著電腦不同，新型產(chǎn)品在售價方面更加廉價。IDC預(yù)計，在未來兩到三年內(nèi)，可穿著電腦的平均售價將降至每臺150美元。這個價格已接近普通皮夾克的售價，為產(chǎn)品的普及奠定了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。

目前，這種產(chǎn)品已被應(yīng)用于醫(yī)療服務(wù)領(lǐng)域。美國經(jīng)營健康產(chǎn)品的Apex公司計劃在本月晚些時候，將這種可穿著式電腦應(yīng)用于幫助用戶減肥方面，此款產(chǎn)品可隨時計算出用戶所消耗的熱量并科學(xué)地調(diào)節(jié)減肥者的膳食結(jié)構(gòu)；加州一些醫(yī)學(xué)院及制藥公司則將可穿著電腦應(yīng)用于病人實時監(jiān)控方面，以便讓醫(yī)生隨時觀察病人的心跳、血壓、呼吸等數(shù)據(jù)。

隨著可穿著電腦產(chǎn)品的廣泛應(yīng)用，也許再過幾年電影《星球大戰(zhàn)》中描述的那種科學(xué)世界將真正來臨。

Unit3

合作探究

mainideas

Para1theabstractoftheproposal

Para2----7howReaICineworks;

whyRealCineisbetterthanordinarycinema;

howitcanbeusedinotherways

Para8conclusionoftheproposal

自主演練

A．單項填空

答案及解析：

1、AtheEuropean表類指；aforeignlanguage為泛指

2、C在like/love/hateitwhen…這個結(jié)構(gòu)中，it可以解釋為形式賓語，但是與我們所熟悉的it作形式賓語的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不同的是，在它之后沒有形容詞或名詞作賓語補足語。

3、A作blame的賓語，所以都應(yīng)當(dāng)用賓格形式。

4、B從所提供的情景themoreyoulearn，并結(jié)合所給的選項可以確定這是“the+比較級+陳述句，the+比較級+陳述句”的句型，表示“越……越……”。這句話的意思是：我認(rèn)為，教育是關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)的事，你學(xué)得越多，你對生活準(zhǔn)備得就越充分。

5、A倍數(shù)詞+as…as意為“是……多少倍”

6、Cpurpose目的，意圖;desire愿望，請求;attempt嘗試;intention意圖，意向，目的。從題意“他已經(jīng)仔細準(zhǔn)備了英語考試以確保一次通過考試”可以看出C是正確答案。

7、D第一空為現(xiàn)在完成時，與一段時間狀語連用(foreightyears)；第二空：在一次晚會上認(rèn)識之前就見過，正是“過去的過去”的一個動作，故選D

8、根據(jù)woke（wake的過去式）可以判斷，這里談?wù)摰呐c“現(xiàn)在”無關(guān)，因此可排除B和D兩項?！癐”是在讀書期間睡著的(whilereading)，而不是在之前睡著的，所以項也不恰當(dāng)。

9、B句意：因為Lucy失業(yè)了，所以她在考慮重返校園，但她現(xiàn)在還沒有決定。根據(jù)題意說話者再說現(xiàn)在的情況，因此排除A、C、D三項，B屬現(xiàn)在完成進行時，表示現(xiàn)在的事，進行時強調(diào)“考慮”這個動作的“未完成性”，所以是最佳答案。

10、C句意：北京市市長說所有北京奧林匹克建筑將于2006年完成。此題考查英語動詞的語態(tài)和時態(tài)，很顯然本題應(yīng)改用被動語態(tài)，因此排除B、D；根據(jù)時間狀語by2006，應(yīng)選擇將來完成時，因此選C

11、C根據(jù)evensince(從那時，一直到現(xiàn)在），所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時，排除A、B、D項。

12、D病人被治療，又有時間thisyear，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。

13、C整個句子是基于過去時態(tài)，A和D兩項為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)顯然不對。再由句意“Susan決定不在家里，因為她不想讓父母知道她正在做什么”可知還沒有做完，故C項正確，進行體有未完成性、暫時性的特點。

14、B現(xiàn)在“thisopensea”仍然被稱作“thePacific”，屬于客觀事實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。

15、C本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。先排除B項，因為B項是謂語動詞形式，不可作狀語；A、D兩項為不定式形式放在句首時常作目的狀語，這顯然與本題邏輯上不符。

16、D句意：據(jù)說Barbara的姐姐在上學(xué)的路上從自行車上摔了下來，左腿上的很重。首先排除A、C項，因不符合習(xí)慣用法。Hurt為及物動詞，故應(yīng)選D這個過去分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。

17、Cjustnow是表示過去的時間狀語。情態(tài)動詞在表示過去發(fā)生的事時，必須用“情態(tài)動詞+should+過去分詞”的形式。所以只能在選項B或C中確定答案。mustn’thaveeaten是一個錯誤選項，因為“must+動詞”表示“禁止”，不表示判斷或推斷。這句話的意思是：哦，我覺得胃不舒服，我剛剛不該吃那么多炸雞。

18、Dasif從句所談的情況與實際情況相反使用虛擬語氣。

19、BTheymusthavebeenenjoyingthemselvesthere表示對過去的確有的把握的推測，他們一定在那玩的很高興。后面是：否則他們就不會待那么長時間了。wouldn’thavestayed這里表示于過去事實相反的虛擬。

20、B本題中，justasthenamesuggests是一個插入語，去掉它，重新組合本句：Afastfoodrestaurantistheplacewhereeatingisperformedquickly.其中eating是動名詞，在從句中作主語，句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，因此答案只能選B，作狀語。全句意思為：顧名思義，快餐店是一個就餐快的地方。

B．短文填空

hit,On,atmosphere,remaining,speed,outwards,coast,drowned,lands,set,waves,destroyed,but,escape,hidden,fall,food,alive,space,through

C．詞匯題

1、B.deliversthtosb/sth表示遞送；傳遞；交付；運載。

2、C.impresssbwithsth/sb使欽佩，給…留下深刻的好印象

3、Aannounce表示宣布、宣告（決定、計劃等）

4、Bforcesbtodosth表示強迫某人做某事

5、Dextraordinaryadj.非常的,特別的,非凡的,特派的

6、B句意：你是當(dāng)班長的，關(guān)于這件事，沒有任何借口。

7、Cputforward意為：提名

8、Cputsthontosb意為：轉(zhuǎn)交；（用后）遞給，傳給

9、D句意：我們的地球正在變暖的后果之一就是自然災(zāi)害的數(shù)量的增加。

10、Bputone’sheartinto的意思是“專心致志”

11、D看問題至少從兩個方面

12、C“醫(yī)生，當(dāng)我深呼吸的時候，胸口感到疼痛?！北容^四個詞的詞義：harm損害；wound受傷；hurt刺痛；injury受傷。hurt作不及物動詞時，是“疼痛”的意思。

13、D比較四個詞的詞義：achievement成就；agreement贊同；attention注意，專心；appreciation感謝，欣賞。根據(jù)句意：對他的關(guān)懷表示的應(yīng)是“謝意”，故選D

14、C住在高層建筑的頂層的優(yōu)勢之一是能看到好的景色。比較四個詞的詞義：sight風(fēng)景名勝、視力；scene一個地區(qū)的自然景色或人為的環(huán)境；view多只從山上或向窗外遠看的景色；look神色、外表。

15、Aputsthforward推遲；句意：根據(jù)校長的要求，會議往后推遲了一個星期。

D．改錯題

1.and→but2.time→times3.to→for　4.that→those　5.去掉one　
6.√7.takes→took　8.build前加to9.had→have　10.what→how　

E．單句翻譯

1.Goodcustomsshouldbepassedononebyonegeneration.

2.Hisfatherforcedhimtogiveupsmoking.

3.Thegirlwhohasanextraordinarydancingtalentisourmonitor.

4.Hewantedtoimpresshisemployeesbypayingthemextramoney.

5.IfIhaveabirthdayparty,Iwillannounceittomyfriendsatonce.

6.Thereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschooltodayisthathismotherwasill.

7.ImgoingtodeliverthisdiamondringbecauseIknowwhoeverImgivingtowouldlikeit

8.WeshouldputforwardaneffectivewaytoimproveourEnglishstudy.

9.Everybodyshouldsetupanexampletothenextgenerationviahisownbehavior.

10.Heguidedusfromonesuccesstoanother.

F.書面表達

Possibleversion

Deareditor,

ImastudentofSeniorThree.Ithinkmyparentsshouldbuymeacomputernow.Asweknow,computershavebeenofgreatuseandwillbeusedmoreandmoreinourdailylife.BesidecomputersarealsohelpfulinourEnglishlearning.TherearepilesoflearningsoftwarewecanusIdontseeanythingwrongforustospendsometimeplayinggames.Afterall,weneedsomethingtoenjoyourselves.

Onemoreword,withcomputerswecangetmoreinformationandgetmoreknowledge.Dontyouagree?

Areader　

Unit3　Tomorrow’sworld單元復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案

Unit3　Tomorrow’sworld單元復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案
詞匯導(dǎo)練
1．Themanagerdecidedtohaveawordwithwhoeverisr____________forthesalesdepartment.
2．Onlybyhardworkcanweturnourdreamsinto____________(現(xiàn)實)．
3．Ihadnoo____________todiscussitwithher，becausesheistoobusy.
4．Everyonehadadifferento____________onthesubject.
5．Thegirlisreallyt____________toseeajewelinthecornerofthestreet，butitturnedouttobeonlyglass.
6．Inrecentyears，ourcountryhasmade____________(非凡)progressinscienceandtechnology.
7．Trainarrivalsare____________(宣告)overthelouderspeakeratthestation.
8．Thecountryissupportedby____________(工業(yè))．
9．He____________(投資)allhissavingsinstocks.
10．We’redoinga____________(研究)ofchildren’seatinghabits.
11．Thenewteachermadeastrong____________(impress)onallofusbyhishumorousspeech.
12．Thegovernmentisaimingatfull____________(employ)．
1．responsible　2.reality　3.opportunity　4.opinion　5.thrilled
6．extraordinary　7.announced　8.industry　9.invested　10.study　11.impression　12.employment
短語匯集
1．________________傳遞
2．________________與……相連接
3．________________發(fā)出(氣味，熱等)
4．________________提出(觀點、議案等)
5．________________最后但同樣重要的
6．________________創(chuàng)辦，建立，創(chuàng)立
7．________________被控告犯有……罪
8．________________關(guān)閉，使停業(yè)，使倒閉
9．________________在我看來，依我看
10．________________發(fā)現(xiàn)，(偶然)遇見
1.passon　2.beconnectedto　3.giveout　4.putforward?5.lastbutnotleast　6.setup　7.beaccusedof　8.closedown　9.inmyopinion　10.comeacross
語句試譯
1．(回歸課本P42)________________________everystepofclimbingMountQomolangmafeltbytheviewer，__________________thecold，thetiredness，thefood，thesmells，thesightsandthesoundsofthemountaincanallbeexperienced.
觀眾不僅能感覺到攀登珠穆瑯瑪峰的每一個腳步，而且可以體驗到山上的寒冷、疲憊、食物、氣味、以及聲音。
2．(回歸課本P42)________/________________thetopofthemountain，afeelingofhappinessandasenseofachievementwillbeexperienced.
到達山頂時，觀眾就能體驗到一種幸福感和成就感。
3．(回歸課本P53)Inmyopinion，itisabouttimewe________newcomputers.
我認(rèn)為，是該我們有新電腦的時候了。
4．(回歸課本P53)IfthePC(No.7)Iwasusing____________agoodkeyboard，I________________________somanymistakes.
如果我使用的7號電腦有個好鍵盤，我就不會出那么多錯了。
5．(回歸課本P58)________________________，theTimeTravellerstartsbacktowardsthepresent.
由于害怕和寒冷，時光旅游者踏上了回到現(xiàn)在的旅程。
1.Notonlyis；butalso　2.On/uponreaching　3.had　4.hadhad；wouldnothavemade　5.Scaredandcold
核心知識
1.deliver　vt.　傳送，傳遞；發(fā)表；釋放，解救；接生
(回歸課本P42)Specialfoodanddrinkchemicalsaredeliveredintotheviewer’smouthviaastrawsensor.
通過一根傳感器吸管還可以將特殊的食品和飲料的化學(xué)物品輸送到觀眾的嘴里。
11
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P534)Asaboy，Ralphdeliverednewspapersonabicycle.
拉爾夫小的時候騎自行車送報紙。
②Traditionally，localmidwivesdeliverallthebabiesinthearea.
在過去，當(dāng)?shù)氐慕由艜o本地區(qū)所有的嬰兒接生。
③(牛津P528)Hedeliveredhislinesconfidently.
他沉著地說了他的臺詞。
④Theydeliveredtheirprisonerovertotheinvadingarmy.
他們把俘虜交給了侵略軍。
1．完成句子
(1)一些新書已被送到學(xué)校。
Somenewbooks________________________________theschool.
答案：havebeendeliveredto
(2)校長在畢業(yè)典禮上作了一個鼓舞人心的演講。
Theheadmaster________________________________atthegraduationceremony.
答案：deliveredanencouragingspeech
(3)她生下了一個健康的嬰兒。
She________________________ahealthybaby.
答案：wasdeliveredof
(4)教育把他從無知中解救出來了。
Educationdeliveredhim________ignorance.
答案：from
2.impress　vt.　給……留下深刻印象；使欽佩；使銘記在心；使明白重要性
(回歸課本P45)Ithinkviewerswillbeimpressedbyafilmthatallowsthemtobeacharacterinthefilm.
我認(rèn)為觀眾會對允許自己扮演角色的電影印象深刻。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P1026)Herwordsimpressedthemselvesonmymemory.
她的話語我銘記在心里。
②(朗文P1041)Dimaswasimpressedwiththestudents’knowledgeandinsight.
學(xué)生們的知識和洞察力給迪馬斯留下了深刻的印象。
③Theideaistoimpresstheimportanceofnatureonchildrenearlyinlife.
目的是使兒童在人生的早期更了解自然的重要性。
④It’simportanttomakeagoodimpressionatyourinterview.
面試時給人留下好的印象是很重要的。
2．完成句子
(1)外國游客無一不對該市的景色留有深刻印象。
Thesightsofthecityneverfail________________foreigntourists.
答案：toimpress
(2)你的工作效率很高，我們極為欽佩。
We________________________________/________yourefficiency.
答案：weremostimpressedwith/by
(3)他的演講給聽眾留下了深刻的印象。
Hisspeech________________________________________theaudience.
答案：madeagreatimpressionon
3.employ　vt..n.　雇傭；使用
(回歸課本P51)WhenNapster.comwassetupin1999，thecompanywasverysmall——onlyFanning’sfamilyandfriendswereemployed.
當(dāng)Napster網(wǎng)站于1999年剛剛建立的時候，公司規(guī)模還很小——只有Fanning一家和他們的朋友在那里上班。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(朗文P664)Thefactoryemploysover2,000people.
這家工廠雇傭了2000多名工人。
②(牛津P653)Thepolicehadtoemployforcetoenterthebuilding.
警察不得不強行進入大樓。
③Shewasemployedinmakingalistofallthejobstobedone.
她忙著把要做的所有工作列為一個清單。
易混辨析
employ，hire，rent
三者都有“雇傭”的意思。employ指雇傭人；hire可指雇傭人，也可指租用車船等；rent更常用于租用場地，東西等；employ和rent多帶有長期性，而hire多指臨時雇傭。
①Hewasemployedasaresearchassistant.
②Theyhiredoutboatstopeopleonholiday.
③Sherentedmearoom.
3．完成句子
(1)Forthepastthreeyearshe________________________________(受雇當(dāng)……)agatekeeper.
答案：hasbeenemployedas
(2)Hesuggestedwe________________________(使用適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒?toimprovetheworkingconditions.
答案：employpropermethods
(3)Manyworkershavebeen________________________(失業(yè))sincetheglobalfinancialcrisis.
答案：outofemployment
4.—(2011年河南實驗中學(xué)模擬)Howlong________atthisjob?
—Since1990.
A．wereyouemployed
B．haveyoubeenemployed
C．hadyoubeenemployed
D．willyoubeemployed
解析：選B。句意：——你從事這項工作有多長時間了？——從1990年至今。從答語“Since1990.”可知使用現(xiàn)在完成時。
5.AreportbytheChineseAcademyofSocialSciencesaid________amongnewgraduatesgrewtoover12percentlastyearat1.5millionbecauseoftheglobaleconomiccrisis.
A．disagreement　B．enlargement
C．unemploymentD．encouragement
解析：選C。句意：中國社會科學(xué)院的一份報告說由于全球經(jīng)濟危機，去年大學(xué)畢業(yè)生的失業(yè)率上升了12%，達到了150萬。unemployment“失業(yè)，失業(yè)率，失業(yè)人數(shù)”。
4.accuse　vt.　指責(zé)；譴責(zé)；控告
(回歸課本P51)Hewasaccusedofpiracyandsuedbythemusicindustry.
他被指控盜版并且遭到音樂行業(yè)的起訴。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P14)Thegovernmentwasaccusedofincompetence.
政府被指責(zé)無能。
②(朗文P15)He’saccusedofmurder.
他被控謀殺。
③Theaccusedwasfoundinnocent.
被告被判定無罪。
易混辨析
accuse，charge
兩個動詞都有“控訴，指控”之意，但它們后面所搭配的介詞不同。
(1)accusev．指控，控訴，與介詞of連用。
(2)chargev．可以指因為小錯而受到責(zé)備，也指因違法而受到控告，與介詞with連用。
①Hewaschargedwithmurder.
②Sheaccusedhimoflying.
6．完成句子
(1)我的老師總是指責(zé)我粗心。
Myteacher________________________________________carelessness.
答案：isalwaysaccusingmeof
(2)瑪麗被指控為同謀犯。
Mary________________asanaccomplice.
答案：wasaccused
5.therefore　adv.　因此，所以
(回歸課本P53)Therefore，Iamwritingtoyoutovoicemyopinions.所以，我給你寫信陳述我的觀點。
歸納拓展
therefore和so兩詞都作“因此”講。therefore作“因此”講時是副詞，通常不用來連接兩個分句；而so是連詞，因此它可以用來連接兩個分句。
例句探源
①(牛津P2095)He’sonly17andthereforenoteligibletovote.
他只有17歲，因此沒有投票選舉的資格。
②(朗文P2134)ItwasclearLucywasunhappy.Thercefore，itcomesasnosurpriseshehasdecidedtodesign.
很明顯露西很不快樂，因此她決定辭職一點都不令人吃驚。
7．句型轉(zhuǎn)換
Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChinaandthereforehecan’tadviseyouaboutit.
布朗先生對中國不甚了解，所以他給你提不出什么建議。
＝Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChina，________hecan’tadviseyouaboutit.
＝Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChina.________，hecan’tadviseyouaboutit.
答案：so；Therefore
6.voice　vt.　吐露，表達
n．　聲音
(回歸課本P53)Therefore，Iamwritingtoyoutovoicemyopinions.所以，我給你寫信陳述我的觀點。
歸納拓展
inanangry(asad，acheerful)voice以很生氣(傷心，快活)的聲音?
atthetopofthevoice高聲地?
inalowvoice低聲地?
loseone’svoice失音?
drop(lower)/raise(liftup)one’svoice放低/提高聲音givevoiceto說出/(發(fā)表)(意見)；吐露(心聲，感情
例句探源
①(朗文P2291)Hevoicedseveralobjectionstotheplan.
他對這項計劃提出了幾點反對意見。
②(牛津P2250)“Ipromise”，shesaidinasmallvoice.
“我答應(yīng)”，她小聲說。
③(牛津P2250)Hepledgedthathispartywouldlistentothevoiceofthepeople.
他保證他的政黨愿意傾聽人民的呼聲。
8.Hopingtomakeherself______clearly，shespoke________hervoice.
A．hear；atthetopof
B．heard；atthetopof
C．hear；inalowvoice
D．heard；inalowvoice
解析：選B。句意“希望能讓別人聽清楚，她用最大的聲音講話”，herself和hear之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用heard；atthetopofone’svoice高聲地。
9．完成句子
如果有問題，請說出來，別猶豫。
Don’thesitateto________themifyouhaveanyproblems.
答案：voice
7.passon　傳遞
(回歸課本P42)Thesenseoftouchispassedontothefingertipsviathousandsofsensorsinthegloves.
觸覺是通過手套中的數(shù)千個傳感器傳遞到指尖的。
歸納拓展
passsth.ontosb.將某物傳交給某人?
passaway去世?
passby走過，經(jīng)過；(時間)過去?
passsth.down從一代傳給下一代?
passthrough經(jīng)過，路過；經(jīng)歷
例句探源
①(牛津P1453)Ipassedyourmessageontomymother.
我把你的留言轉(zhuǎn)給我媽了。
②(朗文P1493)It’sbeenoverayearsinceMrs.Brockpassedaway.布羅克太太去世有1年多了。
③Theseremedieshavebeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.
這些治療方法一代一代傳了下來。
10．完成句子
(1)這些珠寶在他們家代代相傳已有近兩百年的歷史了。
Thesejewels________________________________inhisfamilyfromgenerationtogenerationforabouttwohundredyears.
答案：havebeenpasseddown
(2)現(xiàn)在讓我們看看下一個題目。
Letusnow________________________thenextsubject.
答案：passonto
(3)她患了重感冒，結(jié)果又傳染了孩子。
Shecaughtabadcoldandtherefore，she________it________toherbaby.
答案：passed；on
11.Theprocessionpassedright________myfrontdoor.
A．a(chǎn)wayB．by
C．outD．down
解析：選B。句意為：隊伍正好從我家前門經(jīng)過。passby“經(jīng)過”。
8.putforward　vt.　提出(觀點、議案等)；推薦；將……提前；把(時針)撥快
(回歸課本P43)AnargumenthasbeenputforwardthatsomeviewerswillbedisappointedbyRealCinebecauseVRisnotreal.
有人提出了這樣的看法：“實影”會讓某些觀眾感到失望，因為虛擬現(xiàn)實畢竟不是現(xiàn)實。
歸納拓展
putaway放好；積蓄?
putanendto結(jié)束?
putdown記下；鎮(zhèn)壓?
putoff推遲?
putout撲滅；熄(燈)?
putup掛起；舉起；貼(廣告等)?
putupwith忍受
putsb.through(to...)給……接通電話?
puton穿戴上；(速度、體重)增加；上演?putsthaside忽視；不理睬；忘記
例句探源
①(朗文P1660)TheDutchdelegationputforwardanewtradedeal.
荷蘭代表團提出了一個新的貿(mào)易協(xié)議。
②(牛津P1614)CanIputyouyournameforwardforclubsecretary？我推薦你/提名你任俱樂部秘書好不好？
③We’veputthemeetingforwardbytwodays.
我們已把會議提前了兩天。
④Remembertoputyourclocksforwardtonight.
記著今晚把時鐘指針往前撥。
易混辨析
putforward，comeup，comeupwith
這三個短語都有“提出”的意思。putforward作“提出”講，相當(dāng)于comeupwith，是及物動詞短語。comeup為不及物動詞短語，意為“被提出”，主語通常是“建議、計劃等”的名詞。comeupwith作“提出”講，是及物動詞短語，但無被動語態(tài)。
12．完成句子
(1)會上提出了我們應(yīng)該采取措施保護野生動物的建議。
Thesuggestionthatwedosomethingtoprotectthewildanimalswas______________atthemeeting.
答案：putforward
(2)我們已把婚禮提前了一周。
We’ve________thewedding________byoneweek.
答案：put；forward
(3)他們決定擱置雙方的分歧。
Theydecidedto________________theirdifferences.
答案：putaside
13.(2011年遼寧省大連市第一次模擬)Thedustmenwillgoonstrikeifthedemandsthey________areturneddown.
A．couldputforwardB．wouldputforward
C．putforwardD．hadputforward
解析：選C。句意為：如果他們提出的要求遭到拒絕的話，環(huán)衛(wèi)工人將會繼續(xù)罷工。theyputforward為定語從句，修飾demands。
14.Consideredinallsides，theplan________byMissLiisthebest.
A．putonB．putaway
C．putoffD．putforward
解析：選D。句意為：結(jié)合各方面的因素，李女士提出的計劃是最好的。putforward提出(計劃、建議等)，其它選項與題意不符。
9.comeacross

(回歸課本P58)Duringtheirjourney，theprofessorandhisnephewcomeacrosstheCentralSea，abigundergroundocean.
在旅途中，那位教授和他的侄子遇見了theCentralSea，一個大的地下海洋。
歸納拓展
例句探源
①(牛津P386)Shecameacrosssomeoldphotographsinadrawer.她在抽屜里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了些舊照片。
②(朗文P384)Yourpointreallycameacrossatthemeeting.
大家在會上確實理解了你的觀點。
③Somecandidatessimplydonotcomeacrosswellonscreen.
有些侯選人在屏幕上給人的印象就是不好。

表示“意外，偶然遇到”的短語還有：
happentomeet
chancetomeet
meetwith
meetsb./sth.bychance
meetsb./sth.byaccident
　comeacross后雖可跟賓語，但不能用于被動語態(tài)。
15．用come相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空：
(1)It________________thathehadbeenstealingfromhisfriends.
答案：cameout
(2)Whenshe________________________，shefoundherselflyinginbed.
答案：cametoherself
(3)Ihavejust________________anoldfriend.
答案：comeacross
句型解析
1　Uponreachingthetopofthemountain，afeelingofhappinessandasenseofachievementwillbeexperienced.(P42)
到達山頂時，觀眾會體驗到一種愉快感和成就感。
　upon/on＋n./doing...表示“一……就……”。
OnmyarrivalinShanghai，Iwenttoseehim.
我一到上海就去看他。
表示“一……就……”的句型
assoonas/once＋從句
themoment/theminute＋從句
immediately/directly/instantly＋從句
nosooner...than/hardly...when/scarcely...when
16．一句多譯
我一到家就發(fā)現(xiàn)他們已經(jīng)離開了。
_________________________________，
__________________________________，
___________________________________，
Idiscoveredtheyhadgone.
答案：(1)On/Uponarrivinghome　(2)Assoonas/Themoment/TheminuteIarrivedhome　(3)Immediately/Directly/InstantlyIarrivedhome
2　Scaredandcold，theTimeTravellerstartsbacktowardsthepresent.(P58)
由于害怕和寒冷，時光旅行者動身返回現(xiàn)代。
　scaredandcold為形容詞短語作原因狀語。在描繪性文字中，形容詞(短語)或形容詞化的分詞有時起狀語的作用，說明主句所述的原因、時間或主語所處境況或意義增補。
(1)表原因
表原因的形容詞(短語)或形容詞化的分詞多放在句首，句子的主語亦是其邏輯主語。表原因的形容詞(短語)相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句。
①Thirstyandeagertohavearest，hewentintoateahouse.
由于口渴，而且想要休息一下，他走進了一家茶社。
(2)表時間
形容詞(短語)表主句所述發(fā)生的時間，放在句首。其作用相當(dāng)于一個時間狀語從句。
②Ripe(＝Whentheyareripe)，theorangestastesweet.
這些橘子熟了時，味道甜美。
(3)說明主語的境況或意義增補
形容詞(短語)表示主語所處境況或意義增補時，常放在句末，相當(dāng)于一個和主句并列的句子。
③Holmesfoundthemanlyingonthefloor，dead(＝andhewasdead)．福爾摩斯發(fā)現(xiàn)那個人躺在地板上，死了。
④Theyturnedupsafeandsound.
他們安然無恙地出現(xiàn)了。
17．HewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishspeechcontest，________.
A．happyandrelaxedly　
B．happyandrelaxed
C．happilyandrelaxedly
D．happilyandrelaxed
解析：選B?？疾樾稳菰~作狀語。此處用形容詞作狀語，補充說明主語的狀態(tài)；而副詞作狀語多用來修飾謂語動詞。
作文指導(dǎo)
句式變換
1．非謂語和從句的變換
非謂語動詞包括動詞不定式、動名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞。使用非謂語動詞可以在有限的空間內(nèi)容納更多的信息，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。


Itmustberealizedthatpeopleshouldbecautiouswhentheydecidewhichbookstheyshouldchoosetoreadsinceiftheyreadbadbooks，itwillbetimewastingandharmful.Itmustberealizedthatpeopleshouldbecautiousdecidingwhichbookstheyshouldchoosetoreadsincereadingbadbooksistimewastingandharmful.
　把“whentheydecide”改為“deciding”，if條件從句改為動名詞短語作主語，句子結(jié)構(gòu)變得更加緊湊，簡潔明了。

BecauseIwasill，Ididn’tgototheparty.Thepartywasorganizedbymyclassmatesyesterday.Beingill，Ididn’tgotothepartywhichwasorganizedbymyclassmatesyesterday.
　把原句中的原因狀語從句用分詞的形式變換，又用了個定語從句把兩個句子連起來，使得句子更緊湊，更嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。

2.強調(diào)句的變換
寫作中，常使用強調(diào)句來達到突出重點的目的。強調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分。另外，英語中還經(jīng)常使用助動詞do/does/did對謂語動詞進行強調(diào)。


Imetafriendofmineinthestreetyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetafriendofmineyesterday.
　改成強調(diào)句后，強調(diào)說明是“inthestreet”而不是別的地方，句意的表達更加有力。

Weshouldbecarefulwhenwecrossthestreet.Dobecarefulwhenwecrossthestreet.
　改成強調(diào)句后，語氣增強了，句意的表達更加有力，可翻譯為“過馬路時務(wù)必要小心”。

3.倒裝句的變換
句子成分在句子中都有一定的位置，但有時可以把某些句子成分前后倒置，以達到突出強調(diào)的目的或起到某種修飾作用。
英語中倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝。部分倒裝在寫作中比較常用，經(jīng)常由否定詞提前或“only＋狀語”提前引起。


Everyoneknowsthatwearebusyallday.Weknowseldomwhatishappeningbothathomeandabroad，letalonewhatwecandoforourcountry.Everyoneknowsthatwearebusyallday.Seldomdoweknowwhatishappeningbothathomeandabroad，letalonewhatwecandoforourcountry.
　“seldom”位于句首，引起部分倒裝，突出了現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，句意表達更有力。

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld—Task學(xué)案

Unit3Tomorrow’sWorld—Task學(xué)案

★Teachingaims:

1.HelptheSstoimprovetheirlisteningabilityandtheirskillsoftellingthefactsandstatingpersonalopinions.

2.MakesurethattheSsknowthedifferencebetweenthefactsandopinions.

Teachingprocedures:

Skillbuilding1:distinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions

Stepone:completinganotesheet

Skillbuilding2:askingforinformation

Steptow:findingoutaboutthecomputerroom

Skillbuilding3:formalwriting

Stepthree:writingaproposalforanewcomputerroom★Usefulwordsandexpressions

1.Therefore,Iamwritingtoyoutovoicemyopinions.

(1)thereforeadv.因此，所以

Eg.Heworkeddayandnight,andthereforehewasabletobuythesportscar.

Hewastheonlycandidate.Therefore,hewaselected.

Therefore和so兩詞都作“因此”講。Therefore作因此講時是副詞，通常不用來連接兩個分句；而so是連詞，因此他可以用來連接兩個分句。

Eg.Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChinaandthereforehecan’tadviseyouaboutit.

=Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChina,______hecan’tadviceyouaboutit.

=Mr.BrownknowslittleaboutChina.________,hecan’tadviceyouaboutit.(2)opinion

Eg.What’syouropinionofthenewplan?

Everyonehadadifferentopiniononthesubject.

insb.’sopinion

haveagood/bad/high/lowopinionof…對…評價好/不好/高/低

give/express/voiceanopinion(on…)對…發(fā)表意見2.Inmyopinion,itisabouttimewehadnewcomputers.

Itis(high/about)timethat后面的從句謂語動詞通常用過去時表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚袝r也用“should＋動詞原形”(should不可省略)，其意為“早該做某事了”

Eg.It’shightimeyouclameddownandsetaclearaimforyourself.

Inmyopinion,it’stimeyoushouldtakeaction.

=Inmyopinion,it’stime______takeaction.3.Duringthejourney,theprofessorandhisnephewcomeacrosstheCentralSea,abigundergroundocean.

Comeacross(不用于被動語態(tài))

（1）（偶然）遇見，碰到，發(fā)現(xiàn)（across為介詞，后接賓語）

Eg.Icameacrossthechildrensleepingunderthebridgetheotherday.

(2)vi.被理解，被弄懂

It’sapitythatyourmeaningdidn’t________.

很遺憾你的意思沒有真正被理解。

（3）提供，給予（常與介詞with連用）

Ihopeshewouldcomeacrosswithsomemoreinformation.

Comeabout發(fā)生

Comeout（太陽，月亮或星星）出現(xiàn)；出版

Cometrue實現(xiàn)

你能告訴我事故是怎樣發(fā)生的嗎？

常用于：rescuesb.(from…)營救某人；

come/go/toone’srescue來/去救援某人；

arescueparty救援隊

eg.Thesoldierrescuedthebabyfromtheruins.5.forcen.力量，武力；效力

辨析：

force指物理學(xué)意義上的力，尤指人或物撞擊或推動物體時所用的力；也指為做成某事而使用的力量，還可指武力，效力。

strength指物的強度，人的力氣，尤指承受重物的力量。還可指人的強項，長處。

energy用于人時指精力；還可指能源，能量。

power能力；電力，動力；影響力；權(quán)利

eg.Hefelltothegroundunderthe______oftheblow.

Idon’thavethe_______tocarryyouanyfurther.

Itisnotwithinmy______tohelpyou.

Heisamanfullof_______.6.guidevt.給某人領(lǐng)路或?qū)в?；指?dǎo)（人）

n.指南；手冊；導(dǎo)游

eg.Ifyoudon’thaveacompass,usethestarstoguideyou.

Heguidedhisnewbusiness________success.

他引導(dǎo)他的新事業(yè)走向成功。

Sheguidedthetourists_________thecity.

她領(lǐng)著游客們游覽了這個城市。

Thisisaguide_____Egypt.

這是本埃及旅游指南。Exercise:

一、單選

1.Itistimethatwe_____afinalagreementtosolvetheproblem.

A.reachB.havereachedC.reachedD.reaching

2.Mr.Blackhurriedtothetheatreonly_______thattheperformancewasover.

A.tohavefoundB.finding

C.foundD.tofind

3.Howdidit_______thatheknewwherewewere?

A.comeoverB.comeout

C.comeaboutD.comeup

4.Firefightersattemptedto______theboyfromthefire,butunfortunatelytheyfailed.

A.regainB.recoverC.rescueD.reserve

5.Wereachedthedestinationfinallywithanative______theway.

A.leadingB.toleadC.ledD.lead

6.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar_______atthegarage.

A.willberepairedB.isrepaired

C.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired

7.Thepoorman,________,ranoutofthedarkcave.

A.trembledandfrightenedB.tremblingandfrightened

C.trembledandfrighteningD.tremblingandfrightening

8.Kidsshouldbecorrectly________intheirdailylife.

A.shownB.guidedC.taughtD.led

9.Thesoldierskepta______watchontheenemyincasetheymightget______tothematmidnight.

A.closely;closelyB.close;close

C.closely;closeD.close;closely

10.---DoyouthinkwhatTomdoesallday?

----IknowhespendsatleastasmuchastimewatchingTVashe_____hislesson.

A.isdoingB.doesdoingC.doesD.spendsin

二、閱讀理解

Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor;youmustbeabletoholdtheattentionandinterestofyouraudience;youmustbeaclearspeakerwithagood,string,pleasingvoicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;andyoumustbeabletoactwhatyouareteaching,inordertomakeitsmeaningclear.

Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesnotsitmotionlessbeforehisclass:hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching;hewalksabout,usinghisarms,handsandfingerstohelphimandhisexpressions,andhisfacetoexpressfeelings.Listentohim,andyouwillheartheloudness,thequalityandthemusicalnoteofhisvoicealwayschangingaccordingtowhatheistalkingabout.

Thefactthatagoodteacherhassomeofthegiftsofagoodactordoesn’tmeanthathewillindeedbeabletoactwellonthestage,forthereareveryimportantdifferencesbetweentheteacher’sworkandtheactor’s.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart;hehastorepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart,evenhismovementsandthewaysinwhichheuseshisvoiceareusuallyfixedbeforehand.Whathehastodoistomakeallthesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseemnaturalonthestage.

Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakesanactivepartinhisplay:theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon’tunderstandsomething,theysayso.Theteacherthereforehastosuithisacttotheneedsofhisaudience,whichishisclass.Hecannotlearnhispartbyheart,butmustinventitashegoesalong.

Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhowerefineactorsinclassbutwereunabletotakepartinastageplaybecausetheirbrainswouldn’tkeepdiscipline:theycouldnotkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhadwritten.

1.Whatisthetextabout?

A.Howtobecomeagoodteacher.

B.Whatagoodteachershoulddooutsidetheclassroom.

C.Whatteachersandactorscoulddooutsidetheclassroom.

D.Thesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenateacher’sworkandanactor’s.

2.Inwhatwayisateacher’sworkdifferentfromanactor’s?

A.Theteachermustlearneverythingbyheart.

B.Theteacherknowshowtocontrolhisvoicebetterthananactor.

C.Theteacherhastodealwithunexpectedsituations.

D.Theteacherhastousemorefacialexpressions.

3.Themaindifferencebetweenstudentsinclassandatheatreaudienceisthat.

A.studentscanmovearoundintheclassroom

B.studentsmustkeepsilentwhiletheatreaudienceneedn’t

C.nomemoryworkisneededforthestudents

D.thestudentsmusttakepartintheirteacher’swork

4.Agood-teacher’svoice.

A.shouldbeclearandfullyunderhiscontrol

B.shouldnotbetooloudortoolow

D.shouldbefixedbeforehegoestoclass

D.allofabove課時57

語言點：

1.so;Therefore2.foryouto

3.comeacross;Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout?

5.force;strength;power;energy

6.to;around;to

單選：

CDCCACBBBB

閱讀：

DCDA