小學(xué)語(yǔ)文微課教案
發(fā)表時(shí)間：2020-12-09Unit1GettingalongwithothersTaskWritingaletter&。
老師職責(zé)的一部分是要弄自己的教案課件，是認(rèn)真規(guī)劃好自己教案課件的時(shí)候了。對(duì)教案課件的工作進(jìn)行一個(gè)詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃，接下來(lái)的工作才會(huì)更順利！你們到底知道多少優(yōu)秀的教案課件呢？下面是小編為大家整理的“Unit1GettingalongwithothersTaskWritingaletter&”，希望能對(duì)您有所幫助，請(qǐng)收藏。
Unit1Gettingalongwithothers
TaskWritingalettertoafriend教案
Teachingobjectives:
understandaconversationonaradiotalkshow
discussfriendshipandpractiseagreeinganddisagreeing
writealettertoafriend
learnandpractiselanguageskillsoflistening,reading,speakingandwriting.
Teachingfocusanddifficulties:
writingdownanswers
thewaytoshowagreeinganddisagreeing.
writingalettertoafriend
Teachingmethods:
1.Listening,readingandthinkingtogetstudentstounderstandthetext.
2.Pairdiscussionandgroupdiscussiontogetstudentstoparticipateintheclassroomactivities.
Teachingaids:
Themultimedia[實(shí)習(xí)報(bào)告網(wǎng) www.sxw9.COM]
Teachingprocedures:
Skillsbuilding1:Writingdowntheanswers
1.Lead-in
Youareareporterofyourschoolnewspaperandgoingtohaveainterviewwithyourheadmasternextweek,whatshouldyoudo?
2.Turntopage12andfindsomeguidelines
a.Questions:Preparetheminadvance.
b.Notes:Briefnotesonly,notwholesentences.
Makethenoteswhichyoucanunderstandlater.
Usecontractionsandabbreviationsifpossible.
c.Tip:Bepolitewhenyouaskotherstorepeat.
Couldyousaythatagain?
Couldyourepeatthat,please?
Didyousay______or______?
3.Listening
a.Discussfreely:
Haveyouevermovedtoanewtownorneighbourhood?
Whatdidyoudowhenyoumeetyournewneighbours?
Whatdidyoutalkaboutwhenyoumetyournewneighboursforthefirsttime?
Howdidyoumakefriendswithyournewneighbours?
b.Listentotheradioprogrammeandmakenotes
notes(fillintheblanks)
1)Thingsmightworryyouwhenyoumovetoanewplace.
howtofindyourwayround,meetnewpeople,makefriends.
2)Waystomeetanewneighbour:
visittheirhomeswith__________;
joina________or___________
3)somethingsyoushoulddowhenyoumeetapersonforthefirsttime.
be____and_____aboutyourself;
askhim/her________about_____________;
actively_____________________.
4)Youcan____________or___________tomeetapeoplewithsimilarintereststoyou.
5)
ticktherightanswer:
Tomaketruefriends,youshould
A.Helpthemwhenyouarefree
B.alwaysbethereforthem
C.alwaysbehappybeforethem
D.listentowhattheyhavetosay
E.behonestaboutyourselfandyourfeelings
Step1:CallingTeenTalkforadvice
1.Brainstorming:
Whatdoyoudowhenyouhaveapersonalproblem?
Wouldyoutalktoyourparentsoryourfriendsandaskthemforadvice?
Haveyouevercalledaradioprogrammeforadvice?
2.ReadtheleafletaboutTeenTalkanddotheexerciseinPartA
3.KeystoPartA
Phone
True
False
teenagers’problems
advice
Skillsbuilding2:agreeinganddisagreeing
1.Lead-in
Whatdoyouoftendowithyourfriends?
Haveyoueverwriteletterstoyourfriends?
It’sawasteoftimetowritetoyourfriendseveryday,don’tyouthinkso?
2.
a.Agreeing
Iagreewithyouon/that…
Iamofthesameopinion(as…).
Exactly.
That’sagoodpoint.
That’showIfeel(about…)too.
That’sright.
You’vegotapoint.
Yes.Andanotherreasonisthat…
b.Disagreeing
Idon’tagree.Whatabout…?
I’mnotsurethat’strue.
Iseethingsslightlydifferently.
Ontheotherhand,…
Perhapsyouaremistaken.
Really?Idon’tthinkthat…
Itakeyourpoint,but…
That’strue,but…
c.Tips:
Ifyoudisagreewithsomeoneyoushouldexpressyouropinionspolitely.
Otherswilltakeyouropinionsmoreseriouslyifyoustatethemcalmlyandpolitely.
3.Groupwork:
expressyouropinionsonthestatementsonpage14bystatingwhetheryouagreeordisagree,usingtheexpressionsjustlearned.
Step2:discussingfriendshipwithothers
1.LookatthetableofpartAonpage15
Haveadiscussiononfriendshipandasksyourclassmatesatleastthreequestionsfortheiropinionsonfriendship.
Notetheresponsesinthetable.
2.Discussion(pairwork)
Discussthefollowingstatementsonfriendshipanddecidewhetheryouagreeordisagreewiththem.
Friendshipisanimportantpartofmylife.
Agoodfriendmustbehonest,kindandhaveasenseofhumour.
Oneortwogoodfriendsarebetterthan100acquaintances.
Skillsbuilding3:proofreading
1.lead-in
Whatisproofreading?
(Findingcarelessmistakesthatyouhavemade.)
Whatshouldwecheckfor?
Readthepointsonpage16andfindtheanswers.
2.Inparticular,weshouldcheckfor:
Facts:makesurethefactsareaccurate.
Grammar:Checkthatyouhaveusedthecorrecttenses,partsofspeech,sentencestructures,etc.Makesuretheverbagreeswiththesubject.
Handwriting:Makesureyourhandwritingisclear.
Punctuation:Checkthatallpunctuationmarksareusedcorrectlyandthatnonearemissing.
Vocabulary:Checkthatyouhaveusedtherightwords.
Spelling:Lookoutforspellingmistakes.
Style(formal/informal):Checkthatthechoiceofvocabularyandsentencestructureisoftherightdegreeofformality.
3.YourfriendRebeccawroteabouthertwinbrotherinherdiary.Sheaskedyoutocheckitformistakes.Thereisonemistakeineachline.
15Apirl
Today,Ifoundoutsomethingaboutmybrothercouldgethim
intoalotoftrouble.I’mnotsureiftotellMumandDad.
AlthoughWilliamandIarealmost18,butMumandDadarestill
quitestrictewithus.Recently,Williamhasbegunwearingsomestrange
clothes.Healwayswearsbigbootandaleatherjacket,andhe
looksquitedifferentfrombefore.
TheotherdayIsawhimsmokedinhisroom,withtwoofhisfriends,
JackandSean.IknowMumandDadwouldbeextremeangryifthey
knewaboutit.They’dalsobeangrymeiftheyknewthatIhadkeptthis
secretforthem.MaybeIshouldtellthem,sotheywon’tblamemefor
keepasecret.
However,Idon’tthinkWilliamwillliveathomeformuchlongerashes
planningtogotouniversitysoon,Hisgradesarestillgood.Itseems
thathisbehaviourhasn’thadsomeeffectonhisschoolwork.MaybeI
Shouldjustkeepmymonthshut.WhatshouldIdo?
Step3:Writingalettertoyourfriend
1.Writealettertoafriendaboutwhathisorherfriendshipmeanstoyou.usinginformationgatheredinStep1and2.
2.Groupwork:eachmemberofthegroupcontributessomethingtotheplanningoftheoutlineoftheletter.
3.WritetheletterbasedontheoutlineinPartAonpage17.
Considerthesuggestionscarefully
yourfeelingsaboutfriendship
thequalitiesofagoodfriend
yourfeelingsaboutbestfriends
whatmakesagoodfriendshiplast
4.Presentation
Let’sinviteseveralgroupstoreadtheirletterstotheclass
Homework
Finishanyadditionalexercises
PreviewtheProject
精選閱讀
Unit1SchoollifeGrammarandusage
一名優(yōu)秀負(fù)責(zé)的教師就要對(duì)每一位學(xué)生盡職盡責(zé)，作為教師準(zhǔn)備好教案是必不可少的一步。教案可以讓學(xué)生能夠在課堂積極的參與互動(dòng)，幫助教師緩解教學(xué)的壓力，提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量。怎么才能讓教案寫(xiě)的更加全面呢？下面的內(nèi)容是小編為大家整理的Unit1SchoollifeGrammarandusage，僅供您在工作和學(xué)習(xí)中參考。
Unit1SchoollifeGrammarandusage
Periodone
Teachingaim:
Togiveabriefintroductiontoattributiveclauses.
Teachingprocedures:
1.Tellthestudentswhatisattributiveclause.
2.Tellthestudentsthebasicusageofrelativepronounssuchaswhich,who,that,whom,whoseandrelativeadverbslikewhen,whereandwhy.
3.AskthestudentstoreadthearticleonPage9andfindouttheattributiveclausesinthearticle.
4.Checktheanswerswiththestudents.
5.Explainsomelanguagepointsinthearticle.
6.Givethestudentssomemoreexercisesofattributiveclause.
7.Assignment.
Periodtwo
Teachingaim:
Tomakethestudentsgetfamiliarwithattributiveclausesandgetthemtoknowsomemoreusagesofrelativepronouns.
Teachingprocedures:
1.Checkthehomeworkwiththestudents.
2.Askthestudentstoreadthe5pointsonPage10,tellthemtheusagesofdifferentrelativepronouns.
3.FillintheblanksonPage11,checktheanswerswiththestudentsandexplainthelanguagepoints.
4.Tellthestudentsseveralpointsthattheymustpayattentiontowhentheyuseattributiveclauses.
5.Someexerciseswhicharetoreviewwhattheylearninthislesson.
6.Assignment.
Unit1Theworldofoursense
一名優(yōu)秀的教師在每次教學(xué)前有自己的事先計(jì)劃，高中教師在教學(xué)前就要準(zhǔn)備好教案，做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好的消化課堂內(nèi)容，幫助授課經(jīng)驗(yàn)少的高中教師教學(xué)。怎么才能讓高中教案寫(xiě)的更加全面呢？以下是小編為大家收集的“Unit1Theworldofoursense”僅供您在工作和學(xué)習(xí)中參考。
Unit1Theworldofoursense
ProjectProducingaTVshow
TeachingAims:
1.Dosomereadingandimprovethestudents’readingability
2.Improvethestudents’integratingabilitiesbyworkingtogetherandproducingaTVshow
Teachingimportantpoints
1.Readandknowhowsharksusetheirsensestosurvivedangersintheirenvironment.
2.MakesurethestudentsknowhowtoproduceaTVshow.
Teachingdifficultpoint
HowtoproduceaTVshow
Teachingprocedures:
Step1Greetings
Greetthewholeclassasusual.
Step2Leadin
Whatdoyouknowaboutsharks?Dosharkseathumanbeings?
Step3Fastreading
1.Howmanydifferenttypesofsharksarethereintheocean?
400
2.Doallofthemattackhumans?
30types
3.Howtoavoidbeingattackedbysharks?
HitandtunBumpangbitesneak
4.Whataretheiruniquesenses?
Don’tswiminthedark.
Don’tswimifyouarecutorifyouhaveafreshwound.
Don’twearbrightclothingorjewellery.
Tryandstayingroups.
5.What’sthetipsifasharkattacksyou?
Don’tpanic.Hitthesharkonthenose.Stickyourfingerintheshark’seye.
Step4detailedreading
1)Readthetextagainandtrytofindoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.
Paragraph1:Therearenearly400typesofsharks.
Paragraph2:Sharksdonotfeedonhumans.
Paragraph3:Therearethreetypesofsharkattracks.
Paragraph4:Anincreaseinwatersportshasledtoanincreaseinsharkattacks.
Paragraph5:Therearethreetipsonwhattodoifasharkattacks.
Paragraph6:Donotbefrightenedbysharks.
2)Fillintheinformation
Threefiercesharks:
a.thegreatwhitesharkb.thetigersharkc.thebullshark
Step5Discussion
Readtextagainandfindoutwhatuniquesensessharkshave,whatsensessharksusetoattackhumansandwhatpeoplecandotoprotectthemselves.
Sharkscanseeinthedark
Tosurvive:stickyourfingerinthesharks’eyewhenitattacksyou.
Sharkscansmellbloodfaraway.
Tosurvive:hitthesharkonthenosewhenitattacksyou.
Step6ProducingaTVshow
Planning
A.Getintogroups(4-6)
B.Decidewhichtopicyourgroupwillprepare.
A.Preparing
Visitazoo,watchananimaldocumentary,lookatbooks,surftheInternet……tofindinformationabouttheanimal.
B.Producing
1.Focusyourresearchonhowyouranimalusesitssenses.
2.TVisveryvisualsopicturesshouldbepresentedinaneasytoseeway.
3.Eachmembermustworkondifferentpartoftheshow,keepinginmindtheoveralldesign.
4.Eachmemberhastoproofreadthewritingatleastonce,correctmistakesifthereareany,andaddanynewideastheycanthinkof.
Step7Homework
Findoutmoreinformationaboutyouranimals
Unit1APerfectDay
俗話說(shuō)，磨刀不誤砍柴工。高中教師在教學(xué)前就要準(zhǔn)備好教案，做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。教案可以讓學(xué)生更好地進(jìn)入課堂環(huán)境中來(lái)，幫助高中教師掌握上課時(shí)的教學(xué)節(jié)奏。關(guān)于好的高中教案要怎么樣去寫(xiě)呢？經(jīng)過(guò)搜索和整理，小編為大家呈現(xiàn)“Unit1APerfectDay”，僅供參考，希望能為您提供參考！
Unit1APerfectDay
Teachingaims:
Toreadtwotextsforspecificinformation
TorevisePresentSimpleandPresentContinuous
Teachingcourse:
ⅠWarmup
Firstaskstudentsthequestiontoarousetheirinterest.
Whatdoyouthinkaperfectdayislike?
Studentswillgiveallkindsofanswers:goshopping;watchingTV;readnovels;listentomusic;surftheInternetandsoon.
Drawaconclusion:doallyouliketodo;livealifeinthewayyoulike.
Nowreadtwotextstellingyoutwopeople’sperfectdays.
ⅡReading
Understandingthetext
Readthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.
Whatkindoflifestyledoyouthinkthemaninacouchpotato?
DoyoueverwatchtoomuchTV?HowmuchtimedoyouspendwatchingTVeveryday?
Whatkindoflifestyledoyouthinkthemaninthesecondtext?
Listentothetext
1.underlinetheTVprogrammesthatBrianusuallywatches.
2.UnderlinethekindsofworkBobdoeseveryday.
ⅢSpeaking
Dotheexercise4
Readthetwotextsagainandanswerthesequestions
Dotheexercise5
Whichlifestyledoyouprefer?Whichoneishealthier?WhatcanBoborBritaindotoimprovetheirlifestyles?
Whatdoesacouchpotatoreferto?
Whatdoesaworkaholicmean?
ⅣLanguageinuse
Workinpairsanddescribeyourparents’lifestyletoyourpartner.
ⅤVocabulary
Dotheexercise7
ⅥGrammar
Firstturntopage92analysisandexplainPresentSimpleandPresentContinuous
Thendotheexercise8and9
ⅦHomework
Writeacomposition“MyPerfectDay”
Words:100wordsorso
Supposeyoucandesignyouradayfreelywhatisyourperfectdaylike?
Unit1Gettingalongwithothers
Unit1Gettingalongwithothers
Grammar---教案
Ⅰ.不定式句法功能
1.作主語(yǔ)：Thecatsaid,“Totakerollercoaster”isterrible.
不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情況下，尤其是在疑問(wèn)句和感嘆句中，往往放在謂語(yǔ)之后，而用先行代詞it作形式主語(yǔ)。
→Thecatsaid,“It’sterribletotakerollercoaster.”
Howlongdidittakeyoutotakerollercoaster?
Howterribleitistotakerollercoaster?
不定式作主語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)句型：
a)Itis+adj.(easy,important,difficult…)+不定式
b)Itis+n.(apity,apleasure,one’sduty,ashame)+不定式
eg.It’smydutytoteachyouhowtobeastudentofNo.3MiddleSchool.
c)Ittakes/needs/requires+sometime(hours,months,days,patience…)+不定式
eg.Itrequirespatiencetobeagoodteacher.
2.作表語(yǔ)：當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是aim,idea,policy,question,suggestion,wish,task,duty,job,purpose等或者主語(yǔ)是what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句時(shí)，后面可以用不定式做表語(yǔ)，用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所包含內(nèi)容。
eg.Ourmostimportanttasknowistomakeaplan.
注：作表語(yǔ)的不定式都帶to，但當(dāng)主語(yǔ)部分有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do時(shí)，to可以省略。
eg.Theonlythingwecandonowiswaitandsee.
3.作賓語(yǔ)
Thecatsaid“Remembernottotakeitnexttime!”.
a)可以直接用不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞很多，常見(jiàn)的有：agree,afford,tend,ask,decide,determine,expect,fail,hope,learn,intend,manage,offer,plan,promise,refuse,want,wish等
2005年天津卷12題：Idon’twant_____likeI’mspeakingillofanybody,butthemanager’splanisunfair.
A.tosoundB.tobesoundedC.soundingD.tohavesounded
當(dāng)不定式短語(yǔ)比賓補(bǔ)長(zhǎng)時(shí)，往往將不定式放到賓補(bǔ)后，而用先行代詞it作形式賓語(yǔ)，常用動(dòng)詞有feel,think,find,believe,consider,make等。
Thecatfeltitterribletotakerollercoaster.
b)不定式一般不作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，只有少數(shù)介詞如but,except等后面可以跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)。一般情況下作介詞賓語(yǔ)的不定式都帶to，如果but或except所在句子里的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do,does,did時(shí)，通常省略to。
Eg.Wehavenochoicebuttowait.
Cf.Wecandonothingbutwait.
4.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
在SVOC句型中，許多動(dòng)詞都可以按不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
a)通常作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的不定式要帶to，常用于以下動(dòng)詞之后：ask,tell,advise,allow,enable,expect,force,get,like,order,teach,want,invite,wish,beg等
Youshouldgetthemtohelpyou.
但在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞believe,find,think,feel,consider,suppose,imagine,prove等后面跟tobe…作賓補(bǔ)，不跟todo…
eg.Theybelievehimtobehonest.
b)以下兩類動(dòng)詞后跟不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)不能帶to
①一些表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞，如：let,have,make等
②一些表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，如：hear,feel,see,watch,notice等
Don’tletthechildrentroubleyou.
Iheardsomeoneopenthedoor.
但當(dāng)這兩類動(dòng)詞為被動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式就成了主補(bǔ)。作主補(bǔ)的不定式必須加上to
Hisfathermadehimgotobedearly.
→Hewasmadetogotobedearlybyhisfather.
5.作定語(yǔ)
不定式可以在句子充當(dāng)后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞。
以下幾類情況常用不定式作定語(yǔ)：
①能帶不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，其同源名詞可以帶不定式作定語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的有attempt,decision,promise,plan等
eg.Hehasn’tkepthispromisetowritetohisparentsregularly.
②常與不定式搭配的形容詞，其同源名詞一般可以用不定式作定語(yǔ)。常見(jiàn)的有ability,determination,anxiety,eagerness等
eg.Hiseagernesstofinishhishomeworkwasquiteclear.
③序數(shù)詞形容詞最高級(jí)或被only,last,next等修飾的名詞可以用不定式作定語(yǔ)：
Shewastheonlypersontosurviveaftertheearthquake.
Tips:不定式在作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)與被修飾的名詞有意義上的主謂關(guān)系、同位關(guān)系、動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，如果該不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，它后面需要加上適當(dāng)介詞。
Eg.He’salwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.主謂關(guān)系
I’venotimetolistentoyourexcuse.同位關(guān)系
Shehasameetingtoattend.（動(dòng)賓關(guān)系=attendameeting）
There’snothingtoworryabout.(動(dòng)賓關(guān)系=worryaboutnothing)
6.作狀語(yǔ)
不定式可以作狀語(yǔ)，表示目的、結(jié)果、原因、條件等。
①to…,inorderto…,soasto…(不能放在句首)作目的狀語(yǔ)
2005年遼寧卷22題：Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_____intimeforChristmas.
A.inordertohavereceivedB.inordertoreceiveC.soastobereceivedD.soastobereceiving
②在so…asto,such….asto,onlyto…結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，其中onlyto…用于表示意想不到的結(jié)果。
Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadgone.
③enoughto,too…to結(jié)構(gòu)
eg.Theboyisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.
=Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.
④形容詞（happy,glad,lucky,fortunate,surprised,angry,anxious,ready,quick,slow,cruel,clever等）+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)
eg.I’mgladtomeetyou.
Thequestionisdifferenttoanswer.
Heishardtogetalongwith.
7.作插入語(yǔ)，用來(lái)說(shuō)明說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度、看法、對(duì)整個(gè)句子進(jìn)行解釋，如tobefrank（坦白地說(shuō)），tobesure（確實(shí)）等。
Eg.Totellyouthetruth,Ihateyou.
8.作同位語(yǔ)
eg.Theordertostartthegeneralattacksooncame.
不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，以it為形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，如果其前的形容詞是指行為的性質(zhì)就用：forsb.todosth.這種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等。
ItisnecessaryformetolearnEnglishwell.
如果該形容詞是指行為的性質(zhì)，同時(shí)又指行為的人，則用ofsb.todosth.。這種句式中的常用形容詞有：right,wrong,brave,careful,careless,clever,wise,stupid,cruel,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,silly等。
eg.It’sverykindofyoutocometoseeme.
連接代（副）詞+不定式（包括whether,what,which,whom,where,when,how,不包括why），在句中起名詞的作用，通常跟在諸如tell,know,show,decide,learn,wonder,explain等動(dòng)詞后作賓、主語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。
Eg.NoonecantellmewheretofindJohn.
Whentotheexamisstillunknown.
Theproblemishowtogetenoughmoney.
不定式的進(jìn)行式、完成式和被動(dòng)式
①不定式的進(jìn)行式由tobe+V-ing構(gòu)成，用來(lái)表示謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，不定式的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。
Eg.SomestudentspretendedtobereadingEnglishwhentheteachercamein.
②不定式完成式由tohave+V-ed構(gòu)成，用來(lái)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前。
Eg.2005年江蘇卷No.25
---IsBobstillperforming?
---I’mafraidnot.Heissaid_______thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.
A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenD.tobeleft
答案是A
③不定式的被動(dòng)式分為一般式被動(dòng)tobeV-ing和完成式被動(dòng)tohavebeenV-ed。當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
Eg.Itisanhonourformetobeinvitedtotheparty.
Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.
2005年遼寧卷No.22
Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_____intimeforChristmas.
A.inordertohavereceivedB.inordertoreceiveC.soastobereceivedD.soastobereceiving
動(dòng)名詞
1.動(dòng)名詞的句法功能：動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞加ing構(gòu)成，與現(xiàn)在分詞的形式相同。動(dòng)名詞主要起名詞作用，在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。
①作主語(yǔ)，可以直接放在句首，也可以用先行代詞it作為形式主語(yǔ)，而把動(dòng)名詞后置。
eg.Seeingisbelieving.(眼見(jiàn)為實(shí))
Sayingiseasierthandoing.
Collectingstampsisagoodhobby.(單個(gè)動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))
動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)還有以下兩個(gè)習(xí)慣表答法：
Itisnouse(good)+動(dòng)名詞：做某事沒(méi)有用
Eg.It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.(覆水難收)
Thereisno+動(dòng)名詞(=Itisimpossibletodosth.)
Eg.Thereisnoknowingwhatmayhappen.（未來(lái)的事無(wú)法知道）
②作表語(yǔ)：通常是說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，注意它與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別
eg.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.(此句為SVC結(jié)構(gòu))可改為：Collectingstampsishishobby.
Cf.Heiscollectingstamps.(iscollecting是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行時(shí)，此句為SVO結(jié)構(gòu))
不能改為：Collectingstampsishe.
③作賓語(yǔ)
A.作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)(enjoy,mind,finish,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,escape,pratise,suggest,keep(on),miss)
eg.2005年上海卷No.32
Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk_____thegoodopportunity.
A.toloseB.losingC.tobelostD.beinglost
答案為B
有些動(dòng)詞（attempt,begin,continue,hate,like,love）后面既可以接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，也可以接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，意義差別不大。通常認(rèn)為用動(dòng)名詞泛指一般的傾向性，用不定式則表示特定或具體某一種動(dòng)作。
Eg.IlikeswimmingbutIdon’tliketoswiminwinter.
動(dòng)詞prefer后面接不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子結(jié)構(gòu)與按動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)是不一樣。
eg.Iprefertodriveratherthantobedriven.
Ipreferdrivingtoriding.
有些動(dòng)詞，如forget,remember,regret等，后面接動(dòng)名詞表示的動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作，不定式表示的動(dòng)作后于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
Eg.2005年北京卷No.30
Whenaskedbypolice,hesaidthatheremembered_____atheparty,butnot______.
A.toarrive,leavingB.toarrive,toleaveC.arriving,leavingD.arriving,toleave
在下列句型中動(dòng)名詞作真正賓語(yǔ)：
動(dòng)詞+it（形式賓語(yǔ)）+賓補(bǔ)+動(dòng)名詞（真正賓語(yǔ)）
eg.Ithinkitnousetellingthem.
Wethinkitnogoodinvitingtohim.
B.作介詞的賓語(yǔ)
Eg.2005年浙江卷No.3
Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhour______hisnotes.
A.bringingupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.tryingon
beusedtodoing習(xí)慣于做；lookforwardtodoing盼望做；devoteone’slifetodoing致力于做；spenttime(in)doing花時(shí)間做；befondofdoing喜愛(ài)做；begoodatdoing擅長(zhǎng)做；beproudofdoing為做…而自豪；betiredofdoing對(duì)做…感到厭倦；feellikedoing欲想做；goondoing繼續(xù)做（原來(lái)的事）；keepondoing不停地做；whataboutdoing做…怎么樣；thinkofdoing考慮做；beinterestedindoing對(duì)做…感興趣；havesomedifficulty/trouble(in)doing做某事有困難；bebusy(in)doing忙于做；insteadofdoing做…而不做…
eg.2005年江蘇卷No.23
EverybodyinthevillagelikesJackbecauseheisgoodattellingand______jokes.
A.turningupB.puttingupC.makingupD.showingup
答案為C
④作定語(yǔ)
動(dòng)名詞可作前置定語(yǔ)，表示所修飾的詞的用途或目的，可用for改寫(xiě)；而現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用定語(yǔ)從句改寫(xiě)。
swimmingpoolwaitingroomwalkingstick
asleepingcar=acarforsleepingasleepingchild=achildwhoissleeping
⑤作同位語(yǔ)
eg.That’sthequeen’sfull-timejob,layingeggs.這就是蟻后的專職工作——產(chǎn)卵。
2．動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)
①人稱代詞做邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)用所有格，即形容詞性物主代詞。
Eg.Doyoumindingmysmokinghere?
②邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定代詞或指示代詞時(shí)，很少用所有格，而用普通格。
Eg.Hewasawakenedbysomeoneknockingthedoor.
There’snoneedforthatbeingdone.
③邏輯主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，用所有格，但是如果名詞為無(wú)生命物體時(shí)，則用普通格。
Eg.Mary’slaughingmadeTomangry.
Thereisnohopingofthefactorymakingprofit.
④在口語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)名詞如果不在句首，可以用名詞普通格或人稱代詞賓格作邏輯主語(yǔ)。
Eg.2005年安徽卷No.34
Ireallycan’tunderstand_____herlikethat.
A.youtreatB.youtotreatC.whytreatD.youtreating
3.動(dòng)名詞的完成式、一般式被動(dòng)和完成式被動(dòng)。
Eg.Afterhavingfinishhiswork,hewenthome.
Heattendedthemeetingwithoutbeingasked.
Shenevertoldmeaboutherhavingbeeninterviewedbythepolice.
