幼兒園教案詳案

Unit 12 Education (綜合詳案)。

Period1Vocabulary

Teachingaimsanddemands:
(1)Tolearnsomewordsandexpressions.
(2)Tousethewordsandexpressionscorrectly
(3)Teacher’sfurtherexplanationandsupplement
1.loadn.[C]1.)裝載;擔(dān)子Theloadonthatbeamismorethanitwillbear.那根梁上的載重超過(guò)了它所能承受的量。2.)(精神方面的)負(fù)擔(dān);重任Thegoodnewshastakenaloadoffmymind.聽(tīng)了這個(gè)好消息我就放心了。3.)(車(chē),船等的)裝載量;一車(chē)(或一船等)貨物Thetruckwascarryingaloadofsand.卡車(chē)裝運(yùn)一車(chē)沙子。4.)工作量Measureshavebeentakentolightentheloadofthehospitaldoctors.業(yè)已采取措施減輕醫(yī)院醫(yī)生的負(fù)擔(dān)。vt.1.)裝,裝載[(+with)]Theworkersareloadingtheshipwithcoal.工人正把煤裝上船。2.)把彈藥裝入(槍,炮);把膠卷裝入(照相機(jī))Dontforgettoloadyourcamera.別忘了給你的相機(jī)裝膠卷。3.)使擺滿(mǎn);使充滿(mǎn);使長(zhǎng)滿(mǎn)[(+with)]Theairwasloadedwithsoot.空氣充滿(mǎn)煤煙。4.)大量給予[(+with)]Hisbrothersandsistersloadedhimwithbooks.他的哥哥姐姐送給他許多書(shū)。2.strict____________
.bestrictwithsb._____________
bestrictinsth.________________
inthestrictsense嚴(yán)格說(shuō)來(lái)
strictlyspeaking嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)
bepleasedwithsb./sth.對(duì)某人（事）滿(mǎn)意
e.gSheisverystrictnotonly_________allofus,but_________allherownwork.(C)
A.in,withB.with,withC.with,inD.in,in
3.compulsory_______________
4.commitment(n.)_________________承擔(dān)義務(wù),獻(xiàn)身，投入（常與tosb/sth連用）
makeacommitmenttodo承諾
acommitmenttopay000toRedCross承諾向紅十字會(huì)提供50000美元
Ivetakenontoomanycommitments.我承擔(dān)的義務(wù)太多了。
Hedoesntwanttogetmarriedbecauseheisafraidofanycommitments.
"他不想結(jié)婚,因?yàn)樗ε鲁袚?dān)任何責(zé)任。"
5.tobeginwith（插入語(yǔ)）首先,___________________
類(lèi)似詞組有：tostartwith;totellthetruth;tobehonest;tobefrank;tomakethingsworse
Althoughithadseemedagoodreason,tobeginwith:nocouplecouldaffordtohavechildren.
6.skeptical_____________
beskepticalabout/of_________________
1)I’mratherskepticalabouttheirprofessedsympathyforthepoor.
他們聲稱(chēng)同情窮人，我對(duì)此有些懷疑。
2)e.g.Everyonesaysourteamwillwin,butI_________it.
A.amscepticalofB.amsureofC.amproudofD.amconcernedabout
3)Iamscepticalabouthischancesofwinning.我懷疑他取勝的可能性。
4)Thepublicremainscepticaloftheseclaims.公眾對(duì)這些說(shuō)法仍持懷疑態(tài)度。
5)Shelookedhighlysceptical.她一臉深表懷疑的神色。
7.tendency(n.)________________
to/towardssth.
tendencytodosth.
罪犯使用槍械的上升趨勢(shì)anincreasingtendencytowardstheuseoffirearmsbycriminals
人們?cè)诩依锒皇窃谵k公室里工作的趨勢(shì)日益增長(zhǎng)。
Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.
8.dropout退學(xué)1退出，脫離2退學(xué)，輟學(xué)
①Hehasdroppedoutofactivepolitics.他已經(jīng)不再積極參政了。
②awordthathasdroppedoutofthelanguage該語(yǔ)言中已經(jīng)廢棄的一個(gè)詞。
③Oneofmyteethhasdroppedout.我的一只牙齒掉了。④Shestartedadegreebutdroppedoutafteronlyayear.
她開(kāi)始攻讀工程學(xué)學(xué)位，但僅一年后就輟學(xué)了。
⑤Shedroppedoutofschooltobecomeawaitress.她退學(xué)去當(dāng)女招待。9.expand(vi.)_________________(vt.)______________1.)展開(kāi),張開(kāi)(帆,翅等)Theeagleexpandeditswings.老鷹展開(kāi)翅膀。2.)使膨脹;使擴(kuò)張3.)擴(kuò)大;擴(kuò)充;發(fā)展Heisthinkingofexpandinghisbusiness.他正考慮擴(kuò)展他的生意。4.)詳述Theyhaveexpandedmyviewonthequestion.他們已更充分地闡明了我對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的觀點(diǎn)。vi.1.)展開(kāi),張開(kāi)2.)擴(kuò)張;發(fā)展;增長(zhǎng)Intenyearsthecityspopulationexpandedby12%.十年之中,該城人口增加了百分之十二。3.)膨脹Waterexpandswhenitfreezes.水結(jié)冰時(shí)體積膨脹。Atireexpandswhenyoupumpairintoit.輪胎打了氣就會(huì)脹大。4.)詳細(xì)說(shuō)明[(+on/upon)]
10.distribute_______________~sth(to/amongsb/sth)
①Theorganizationdistributedfoodtotheearthquakevictims.
這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)向地震災(zāi)民分發(fā)了食品和毯子。
②Thenewspaperisdistributedfree.這份報(bào)紙免費(fèi)分發(fā)。
③Themoneywasdistributedamongschoolsinthearea.
這筆款項(xiàng)是在本地區(qū)的學(xué)校中分配的。
④WhodistributesourproductsintheUK?誰(shuí)在英國(guó)分銷(xiāo)我們的產(chǎn)品？
⑤Theteacherdistributedthepupilsintothreegroups.老師把學(xué)生分成三組。11.resultin_______________
resultfrom_____________
①joblossesresultingfromchangesinproduction生產(chǎn)革新造成的失業(yè)。
②Whenwaterlevelsrise,floodingresults.水位上升，就會(huì)發(fā)洪水。
③Thecyclonehasresultedinmanythousandsofdeaths.颶風(fēng)已經(jīng)造成成千上萬(wàn)的人死亡。
④[+-ing]Thesepoliciesresultedinmanyelderlypeoplesufferinghardship.
這些政策使許多老人和殘疾人在困苦中掙扎。
12.donate______________vt.捐獻(xiàn),捐贈(zèng)[(+to)]Shedonatedherbookstothelibrary.她把自己的書(shū)捐贈(zèng)給圖書(shū)館。donateblood獻(xiàn)血vi.捐獻(xiàn),捐贈(zèng)[(+to/towards)]Myhusbanddonatestothatgroupeveryyear.我丈夫每年都捐錢(qián)給那個(gè)組織。donationn.[(+to)]1.)捐獻(xiàn),捐贈(zèng)[U][C]Shemadeadonationof,000totheChildrensHospital.她捐了五千美元給兒童醫(yī)院。2.)捐款;捐贈(zèng)物[C]13.professionn.1.)(尤指受過(guò)良好教育或?qū)ｉT(mén)訓(xùn)練者,如律師、醫(yī)生、教師的)職業(yè)，專(zhuān)業(yè)[C]Sheintendstomaketeachingherprofession.她打算以教書(shū)為業(yè)。2.)同業(yè),同行[sing.]Theteachingprofessionclaimthattheyarebadlypaid.教師同行們聲稱(chēng)待遇太差。Heisaleadingmemberofthemedicalprofession.他是醫(yī)療業(yè)中首屈一指的醫(yī)生。比較：careern.1.)(終身的)職業(yè)，事業(yè)[C]
Hewasntinterestedinherstagecareer.他對(duì)她的演戲職業(yè)不感興趣。2.)經(jīng)歷;生涯;歷程[C]Hefounditbothinterestingandinstructivetolearnaboutthecareersofgreatmen.他覺(jué)得了解偉人的生平既很有趣又有教益。比較：occupationn.1.)工作,職業(yè)[C]Whatisyourfather’soccupation?你父親的職業(yè)是什么？2.)消遣;日常事務(wù)[C][U]Hewasboredforlackofoccupation.他因無(wú)所事事而感到厭煩。3.)占領(lǐng),占據(jù);占領(lǐng)時(shí)期[U]TheJapaneseoccupationofTaiwanlastedfifty-oneyears.日本占領(lǐng)臺(tái)灣達(dá)五十一年之久。4.)占用;居住;占用(或居住)期Nooneisyetinoccupationofthehouse.這所房子還沒(méi)有人住進(jìn)去。所以，在三個(gè)表示職業(yè)的詞中，professionn.(尤指受過(guò)良好教育或?qū)ｉT(mén)訓(xùn)練者,如律師、醫(yī)生、教師的)職業(yè)，專(zhuān)業(yè)，[C]；careern.(終身的)職業(yè)，事業(yè)[C]；occupationn.職業(yè)，工作[C]，是一種泛指。
14.advocate___________
①我擁護(hù)逐步改革的政策。Iadvocateapolicyofgradualreform.
②主張核武器裁軍者anadvocateofnucleardisarmament15.obtain_______________vt.得到,獲得Hefailedtoobtainascholarship.他沒(méi)有獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。Theyobtainedaloanfromthegovernment.他們從政府那里得到一筆貸款。vi.得到公認(rèn);通用;流行;存在Thoseconditionsnolongerobtain.那些情形已不存在。Thecustomstillobtainsinsomeareas.某些地區(qū)仍保留著這一習(xí)俗。16.selectvt.選擇,挑選,選拔[(+for/from)]Heselectedateamforthespecialtask.他為這項(xiàng)特殊任務(wù)挑選了一組人馬。Mr.Reedhasbeenselectedtorepresentusonthecommittee.
里德先生代表我們已被選入委員會(huì)。vi.做出選擇,挑選adj.1.)挑選出來(lái)的;精選的Aselectgroupoftheirfriendswasinvitedtothewedding.他們的經(jīng)過(guò)挑選的一群朋友應(yīng)邀參加婚禮。2.)上等的,優(yōu)等的,卓越的Sheonlystaysatselecthotels.她只住一流旅館。17.suitn.(一套)衣服[C]Ipickedoutablacksuit.我挑了一套黑色西裝。vt.1.)適合,中...的意WouldFridaymorningsuityou?星期五早上對(duì)你合適嗎?Thearrangementsuitedusboth.這個(gè)安排對(duì)我們兩人都合適。2.)(不用被動(dòng)式)與...相配,與...相稱(chēng)Thisdresssuitsyoubeautifully.這件衣服你穿非常合適。3.)使合適;使適應(yīng)[(+to)]Herspeechwaswellsuitedtotheoccasion.她的講話(huà)在這個(gè)場(chǎng)合十分得體。比較：fit作動(dòng)詞的用法sth.suitsb.=lookattractiveonab.合某人身
besuitedfor(to)sb./sth.=besuitableorrightforsb./sth.適合某人
Heisbettersuitedtoajobwitholdpupils.他較適合教小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生。
e.g.MrGong,whoisinpoorhealth,__________suchahardlife.
A.issuittolivingB.issuittoliveC.issuitedtolivingD.issuitedtolive

Period2Warmingup

Teachingaimsanddemands:
ToimprovetheSs’speakingandlisteningskills
Graspsomeusefulphrases:
Teachingprocedures:
Step1Disscussion
SBP.100LettheSsdisscussthequestionsinthetextthenchecktheanswerswiththeSs.
Step2Listening
Listentothetapeandfinishtheexerciseonpage101
Step3Speaking
DividetheSsintoseveralgroupstodiscussandletthemreporttheirideastotheclass
Step4Languagepoints
1.HowisitsimilartoChineseeducation?
besimilarto與…相似
Myteachingstyleissimilartothatofmostotherteachers.
2.compareyournoteswithyourpartner’s.與你的同伴交換你的看法
comparenoteswithsb.與某人交換看法或意見(jiàn)等
makeanoteof=makenotesof請(qǐng)記錄下
takeanote/notesof記筆記…
3.aheavyworkload沉重的工作負(fù)擔(dān)
aloadof=loadsof+可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，大量，許多
load…withsth.=loadsth.onto/into把某物裝到…上
e.g.Menwereloadingupatruckwithwood.
=Menwereloadingupwoodontoatruck.
Sheloadedfilmintothecamera.=Sheloadedthecamerawithfilm.她把膠卷裝到了相機(jī)里。
區(qū)分burden_____________________________________
load_____________________________________

Period3Reading-Educationforall

Teachingaimsanddemands:
(1)Togetgeneralideasofthepassage
(2)ToimprovetheSs’readingskill
1.Mainideaofeachparagraph:
Para.ACompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
Para.BEducationforAll—aninternationaltarget
Para.CEncouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
Para.DProblemsofnumberandlocation
Para.EMeetingthecost
Para.FSolvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
Para.GEducationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
2.Payattentiontosomenumbersinthetextandfillinthefollowingblank.
1.In_____,theChinesegovernmentintroducedalawstatingthatbytheyear_____everyChinesechildwouldhave____yearsofcompulsoryeducation.(1986,2000,nine)
2.Itisreportedthat____ofschool-agechildreninChinaattendedprimaryschoolby2004.(99%)
3.WhentheWorldEducationForummetin_____,itcalculatedthattherewere____millionchildrennotinschool.(2000,113)
4.AttheForum,themembercountriesoftheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)madeacommitmenttoprovide“complete,freeandcompulsoryprimaryeducationforgoodqualityforallchildrenby_____”.()
5.IntheTurksandCaicosIslands,wheretherearelessthan_______people,thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolissolowthatstudentsofseveraldifferentgradesaretaughtinthesameclassroom.(20,000)
6.InnorthandcentralAustraliathepopulationissospreadoutthatchildreninsomeruralsettlementscanbeasfaras_____kmawayfromthenearestschool.(1,000)
7.___________studentsinUnitedStateslivesinthecountryside,andprovidingthemwithafullcurriculumisdifficult.(Oneinthree)
8.Chinahasalsoadopteddistancelearningmethodssuchastelevisionlessonsandin_____,theMinistryofEducationintroducedcomputerizedteachingnetworksincentralandwestern
China.(1999)
9.Now,whenaChinesecouplehas______,theycanbeconfidentthattheirchildwillbeabletoattendschool.(ababy)
10.ThismountainschoolinLesotho,Africahas____students(120)
11.TheAliceSpringsSchooloftheAirinAustraliahas____childrenwholiveinanareaofover__________squarekilometers.(140,onemillion)
12.Thereis____teacher,____classroom,nodoors,windows,desksorchairs.(one,one)
3.Accordingtothepassing,whichcountriesusethefollowingmethodstohelpthemprovideeducation?
MethodsCountries
distancelearningAustralia,China,theUSA
mixed-gradeclassesTheTurksandCaicosIslands,partsoftheremotecentralandwesternregionsinChina,
moneyfrominternationalorganizations
China,thedevelopingcountriesinAfricaandAsia
moneyfromlocalorganizations
China,thedevelopingcountries

4.Readingcomprehension:Choosethebestanswer
1.Accordingtothetext,______ofschool-agechildrenattendedprimaryschoolby_______.
A.99%;2000B.86%;2000C.99%;2004D.86%;2004
2.Whatsuggeststhatmanycountriesrealizetheimportanceofeducation?
A.Theyrealizethatthefuturewelfareoftheircitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation
B.TheyattendedtheWorldEducationForumin2000
C.AttheWorldEducationForumin2000,theymadeacommitmentcalled“Educationforall”
D.Theyaretryingtogeteverychildintoschool
3.______preventssomepeopleattachingimportancetoeducation.
A.TheimportanceofagricultureB.Heavyworkonthefarm
C.TraditionalideasD.Alltheabove
4.WhatkindofclassescanoftenbeseeninwesternprovincesinChina?
A.MixedgradeclassesB.Classesoflargesizes
C.ClassesofsmallsizesD.Classesbytwo-wayradioandmail
5.Whatmeasuresdomanydevelopingcountriestaketoprovideschoolswithnecessaryequipment?
A.Theycallontheircitizenstodonateit
B.Theydependonaidfromothercountriesandinternationalorganizationsorprograms
C.Theyborrowitfromtheirneighborcountries
D.Developedprovincesprovideaidforlessdevelopedprovinces
6.Howmanycountriesarementionedinthetexttohaveadopteddistancelearningmethods?
A.1B.2C.3D.4
7.AccordingtoParagraphF,whichofthefollowingisoneoftheeducationproblemsexistinginAmerica?
A.Thequalityofteachingisnotgoodnationwide
B.Therearetoomanyfamiliesnowbelowpovertyline
C.Onethirdofthestudentsliveinthecountryside
D.Violentcrimestakeplaceinschoolyards
8.Thetexttalksmainlyabout______.
A.“Educationforall”----theinternationaltarget
B.solvingtheproblemsofteachingqualityinremoteareas
C.encouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
D.problemsofthenumberofpeopleinoneareaandlocation
9.It’sdifficultforsomecountriesinAfricaandAsiatoachievethegoalof“Educationforall”,because_______.
A.thepopulationistoolarge
B.theyarefacingmanyotherproblems,suchaslackoffreshwaterandbasichealthcare
C.theinternationalaidisfarfromenough
D.theeconomythereistheleastdeveloped
10.Whichofthestatementsistrue?
A.People’sattitudetowardseducationaffectseducationsystem
B.Thenumberofpeopleinoneareaandpeople’sdistributioncanalsocauseeducationproblems
C.Educationsystemcanbeaffectedbyeconomy
D.Alltheabove
答案：CCDABCCADD
5.DecideTrueorFalseaccordingtothetext.
①I(mǎi)n2000theChinesegovernmentpassedalawthateverychildmusthavenineyearsofcompulsoryeducation.F
②Inthe2000WorldEducationForum,themembercountriesoftheUNESCOpromisedtoprovide
educationforallalthoughtheyhavemanydifficulties.T
③Thereare113millionchildrennotinschooltoday.F
④Childrenwholiveonfarmsdonotliketoattendschool.F
⑤Somechildreninthecountrysidetendtodropoutofschooleveniftheystartschool.T
⑥Classsizesarelargerincityschoolsthaninruralschools.T
⑦Whetherallthepopulationcanreceiveeducationdependsoneconomy.T
⑧Thereasonwhydistancelearningisadoptedinremoteareasisthatchildrenlivesofaraway.T
⑨Byeverychildintheworldwillreceivenineyearsofcompulsoryeducation.F
⑩Chinahadmadegreatachievementsinaccomplishingits“nineyearsofcompulsoryeducation”goal.T

Period4Languagepointsinreading

Teachingaimsanddemands:
Tolearnandgraspsomeimportantphrasesinthetext
Tolearnsomeimportantlanguagepoints
1.introduce介紹，正式提交，實(shí)施
HeintroducedmetoaGreekgirlattheparty.
Thefirstlectureintroducesstudentstothemaintopicsofthecourse.
Thecompanyisintroducinganewrangeofproductsthisyear.
Thenewlawwasintroducedin1991.
2.nineyearsofcompulsoryeducation_____________________
3.behighlysuccessful_____________________
highly與high區(qū)別;close與closely區(qū)別
1)Doyouseethatbutterflyflyinghighabovethestreet?
你是否看見(jiàn)那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飛舞著？
2)Thedistinguishedguestswerehighlypraised.貴賓們受到了高度贊揚(yáng)。
引申：Suddenlythedoorwas______andincameMr.Wang.
A.openwideB.widelyopenC.wideopenedD.openwidely
（答案為C，由前面的suddenly可見(jiàn)，此句強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而不用形容詞，wide與widely都有副詞，但是意義不同，他們的區(qū)別好象deep/deeply，high/highly，close/closely）
4.Itisreportedthat據(jù)報(bào)道…
類(lèi)似的句型還有：itissaid/believed/hoped/announcedthat…
5.becloselylinkedto_____________________
6.makeacommitmenttoprovide…作出一項(xiàng)承諾提供
①(n.)______________
1)makeacommitmenttosb.todosth.=makeapromise作出承諾
2)Shedoesn’twanttomakeacommitmenttoSteveatthemoment._____________________
②commitvt.______________
tosth.
commitsb./yourselftodoingsth.向……承諾做某事
todo
e.g.1）總統(tǒng)承諾要改革衛(wèi)生保健制度。
ThePresidentiscommittedtoreforminghealthcare.
2）雙方承諾和平解決矛盾。
Bothsidescommittedthemselvestosettletheconflictpeacefully.
7.facesimilardifficulties_____________________
①facetoface面對(duì)面地
Irushedoutoftheofficeandfoundmyselfface-to-facewiththeboss.
"我沖出辦公室,面對(duì)面地碰上了老板。"
Theburglarturnedthecornerandfoundhimselffacetofacewithapoliceman.
那竊賊轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)墻角，面對(duì)面碰上一個(gè)警察。
②inthefaceof不顧；面對(duì)，在…前面
Hesucceededinthefaceofgreatdifficulties.盡管有巨大的困難，但他成功了。
③befacedwith面臨
IrealizedthatHamletwasfacedwithanentirelydifferentproblem.
我意識(shí)到Hamlet面臨著完全不同的問(wèn)題。
Thestateisnowfacedwiththeimmediatequestionofraisingnewtaxes.
國(guó)家面臨緊迫的問(wèn)題，收新稅。
8.Tobeginwith,itisimportanttocreateapositiveattitude.______________________
9.attachimportanceto….認(rèn)為。。。很重要
~importance/significance/value/weight,etc.(tosth)
e.g我認(rèn)為這個(gè)研究十分重要。Iattachgreatimportancetothisresearch.
10.beskepticalofanythingthat_____________________
takechildrenawayfromtheirworkonthefarm不讓孩子們田里勞動(dòng)
11.haveatendencytobeabsent常常會(huì)缺課
12.bewilling/unwillingtodo（不）愿意。（不）樂(lè)意
Theykeepalistofpeople(whoare)willingtoworknights.
他們有一份愿意夜間工作的人的名單。
I’mperfectlywillingtodiscusstheproblem.我十分樂(lè)意討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
Theyareunwillingtoinvestanymoremoneyintheproject.他們不愿再為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目投資。
Shewasunable,orunwilling,togivemeanyfurtherdetails.
她不能，或不愿意，向我提供進(jìn)一步的細(xì)節(jié)。
13.mean想要，意思是；
Whatdidshemeanbyleavingsoearly(=whydidshedoit)?
Don’tlaugh!Imeanit(=Iamserious).
I’msorryIhurtyou.Ididn’tmeanto.
You’remeantto(=youaresupposedto)paybeforeyougoin.
[常用被動(dòng)]~sbforsth|~sbtobesth（想要某人成為，想要某人去做）
Iwasnevermeantforthearmy(=didnothavethequalitiesneededtobecomeasoldier).我根本就不是塊當(dāng)兵的料。
PhilipandKimweremeantforeachother(=areverysuitableaspartners).Philip和Kim真是天生的一對(duì)。
[vntoinf]Hisfathermeanthimtobeanengineer.他父親想讓他當(dāng)工程師。
Shedideverythingtogetthetwoofthemtogether,butIguessitjustwasn’tmeanttobe.她極力撮合他兩個(gè)，但我覺(jué)得那根本不可能。
Byallmeans可以，當(dāng)然行，沒(méi)問(wèn)題
‘DoyoumindifIhavealook?’‘Byallmeans.’借我看一眼行嗎？當(dāng)然可以。
bymeansofsth(formal)借助。。。手段，依靠。。。方法。
:Theloadwasliftedbymeansofacrane.重物是用起重機(jī)吊起來(lái)的。
Bynomeans絕不，一點(diǎn)也不
Sheisbynomeansaninexperiencedteacher.她絕不是一個(gè)毫無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師。
Wehaven’twonyet,notbyanymeans.我們離成功還遠(yuǎn)著呢。
Bynomeansarethesecasesexceptional.這些例子絕不是例外。
14.China’slargepopulationmeantthattheschoolhadtoexpandtotakeinmanymorestudents.擴(kuò)大來(lái)接納更多的學(xué)生
takesb.in收留，留宿e.g.Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.
takesb.in欺騙，蒙騙Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory.
她的一番花言巧語(yǔ)完全把我騙了。
takesth.in吸入，吞入，改小，包含ThetourtakesinsixEuropeancapitals.
14.resultinlareclasssizes結(jié)果造成班級(jí)人數(shù)很多
15.InnorthandcentralAustraliathepopulationissospreadoutthat…
spreadout分散,伸展身體，攤開(kāi)東西
1)There’smoreroomtospreadoutinfirstclass.頭等艙寬敞些，伸得開(kāi)腿。
2)Doyouhavetospreadyourselfoutalloverthesofa？
你就非得躺下，把整個(gè)大沙發(fā)全占了才行嗎？3)Thesearchersspreadouttocovertheareafaster.搜索人員分散開(kāi)來(lái),好更快搜索這一地區(qū)。
16.Australiauses“distancesettlementscanbeasfaras
asfarastheeyecan/couldsee極目所盡
Thebleakmoorlandstretchedonallsidesasfarastheeyecouldsee.
荒涼的曠野向四面伸展開(kāi)去，一望無(wú)際。
asfarasIknow|/asfarasIcanremember/see/tell,etc.就我所知道/據(jù)我所記得的/依我看。
Asfarasweknew,therewasnocauseforconcern.就我們所知，沒(méi)什么可擔(dān)心的。
AsfarasIcansee,you’vedonenothingwrong.依我看，你沒(méi)有做錯(cuò)任何事。
ShelivedinChicago,asfarasIcanremember.據(jù)我所記得的，她過(guò)去住在Chicago。
as/sofarassb/sthisconcerned|就…而言
AsfarasIamconcerned,youcandowhatyoulike.就我而言，你想干什么就干什么。
17.available可獲得的，可找到的，有空的
Ticketsareavailablefreeofchargefromtheschool.學(xué)校有免費(fèi)票。
Whenwilltheinformationbemadeavailable?何時(shí)才能了解到情況？
Furtherinformationisavailableonrequest.詳情備索。
Thiswastheonlyroomavailable.這是唯一可用的房間。
We’llsendyouacopyassoonasitbecomesavailable.一有貨我們就會(huì)給你郵寄一本去。
Everyavailabledoctorwascalledtothescene.所有能找到的醫(yī)生都備召集到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。
Willshebeavailablethisafternoon?今天下午她有空嗎？
18.relyon/upon依賴(lài)；依靠
Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork.
[+-ing]Theindustryreliesonthepriceofrawmaterialsremaininglow.
Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.
Hecan’tbereliedontotellthetruth
19.adopt收養(yǎng)，采用（方法）；采納（建議，政策等）
Allthreeteamsadopteddifferentapproachestotheproblem.三個(gè)隊(duì)處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法各不相同。
Thecouncilisexpectedtoadoptthenewpolicyatitsnextmeeting.委員會(huì)有望在下次會(huì)議上正式通過(guò)這項(xiàng)新政策。
20.overcome克服，戰(zhàn)勝
SheovercameinjurytowintheOlympicgoldmedal.
Thetwopartiesmanagedtoovercometheirdifferencesontheissue.InthefinalgameSwedeneasilyovercameFrance

Period5Languagepractice

Teachingaimsanddemands
(1)Consolidatethewordsthathasbeenlearned
(2)Grammar
語(yǔ)法：
（一）本類(lèi)詞有hard，hardly；late，lately；most，mostly等等，這兩種副詞形式含義完全不同，所以，使用時(shí)不易引起混淆。
1.Heworkshardallday.他整天都在使勁地干活。
Hehardlyworksatall.他很少干活。
2.Youhavecometoolate.你來(lái)得太晚了。
Haveyouseehimlately?你最近見(jiàn)到過(guò)他嗎？
3.Thepersonwhotalksmostisoftentheonewhodoesleast.說(shuō)得最多的人常常干得最少。
Theaudienceconsistedmostlyofwomen.觀眾大部分是女的。
4.ThenextflightdosenotgodirecttoTokyo;itgoesbywayofShanghai.下趟航班不直飛東京，而是繞道上海。
Hewillbeheredirectly.他馬上就來(lái)。
5.Theriderpulledhishorseupshort.騎手突然一下把馬勒住。
Makearightturnshortlybeyondthevillage.村前不遠(yuǎn)處往右拐。
6.Pleasestandclearofthegate.請(qǐng)不要站在門(mén)前。
Hestatedhisview-pointclealy.他很清楚明白地闡述了自己的觀點(diǎn)。
7.Theexamwasprettydifficult.這次考試相當(dāng)難。
Herlittlegirlsarealwaysprettilydressed.她的小女孩穿著總是很漂亮。
（二）這類(lèi)詞主要有wide，widely；close，closely；high，highly等等，這兩種副詞形式不同，含義也有差別，但是沒(méi)有第一類(lèi)的區(qū)別明顯，而且翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)用詞也很接近。所以使用時(shí)很容易混淆。這類(lèi)詞含義及用法上的主要特點(diǎn)是：不帶-ly的副詞表示具體的行為和動(dòng)作，說(shuō)明的動(dòng)作或狀況有可測(cè)量性和可見(jiàn)性；而以-ly結(jié)尾的同源副詞所表達(dá)的常常是抽象性的行為和狀況。這時(shí)，這些詞大都具有"greatly"和"extremely"的含義。試作如下比較：
1.Doyouseethatbutterflyflyinghighabovethestreet?你是否看見(jiàn)那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飛舞著？
Thedistinguishedguestswerehighlypraised.貴賓們受到了高度贊揚(yáng)。2.Heflungthedoorwideopen.他猛地把門(mén)開(kāi)得大大的。
Wewerewidelydifferentonmanyquestions.我們?cè)谠S多問(wèn)題上分歧很大。
3.Youwillhavetopaydearforthattelescope.買(mǎi)那個(gè)望遠(yuǎn)鏡你得付很高的價(jià)錢(qián)。
Youwillpaydearlyfortheinsult.對(duì)這樣的侮辱你將付出高昂的代價(jià)。
4.Shestoodcloseagainstthewall.她緊挨著墻站著。
Thepolicewerewatchinghimclosely.警察在密切監(jiān)視他。
5.Thebirdisnowflyingquitelow.鳥(niǎo)兒現(xiàn)在飛得非常低。
Hebowedlowlybeforethequeen.他謙恭地給女王鞠了一躬。
6.Theyhadtodigdeeptoreachwater.他們挖得很深才挖到水。
Youhaveoffendedhimdeeply.你冒犯他可不輕。
7.GraceisholdingtighttoPaul.格雷斯緊緊地?fù)ПеＡ_。
Thepassengerswerepackedtightlyinthetrain.火車(chē)車(chē)箱里擠滿(mǎn)了乘客。
8.Mr.Coletendstospeakratherloud.科爾先生說(shuō)話(huà)聲音總是很大。
Mr.Coleboastedloudlyofhispower.科爾先生大肆夸耀自己的權(quán)力。
（三）這類(lèi)詞主要有slow，slowly；quick，quickly等等異形同義詞。當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言規(guī)范性要求用以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，但由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及搭配的不同，使用時(shí)也具有不同的傾向性。在此，主要探討一下在什么情況下常使用不帶-ly的副詞形式。同時(shí)，把第二類(lèi)中一些適應(yīng)于下列規(guī)則的詞也包括進(jìn)去?？偟恼f(shuō)來(lái)，傾向于使用不帶-ly副詞形式的情況大致有下列四種：
Ⅰ用作比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)時(shí)：
1.Allenwaswalkingquickly,butGeorgewaswalkingevenquicker.艾倫走得很快，但喬治走得更快。
2.Themenwerequarrelingloudly,butthepolicemenshoutedlouder.那些人在大聲爭(zhēng)吵著，但是警察喊叫得更響。
3.Thecarwentslowerandsloweruntilitcametoastandstill.汽車(chē)走得越來(lái)越慢，最后停了下來(lái)。
4.Letsseewhocanrunquickest.我們來(lái)看看誰(shuí)跑得最快。
5.Wemustlookcloserattheproblem.我們必須更加仔細(xì)地查看這一問(wèn)
題。Ⅱ有"so"或"too"修飾時(shí)：
1.ItallhappenedsoquickthatIcoulddonothing.這一切發(fā)生得如此之快以致于我手足無(wú)措無(wú)
法對(duì)付了。
2.Itisimpossibletoovertakehim;yourcargoestooslow.不可能趕上他了，你的車(chē)太慢了。
3.Donttalksoloud;thechildisinbednow.別這樣大聲說(shuō)話(huà)，孩子已經(jīng)睡了。
Ⅲ用于修飾表示移動(dòng)、天氣等常用動(dòng)詞時(shí)：
1.Comequick;wearewaitingforyou.快來(lái)，我們?cè)诘饶恪?br> 2.Driveslow;thispartoftheroadisdangerous.車(chē)開(kāi)慢一點(diǎn)，這段路很危險(xiǎn)。
3.Thesunshinesbright.陽(yáng)光明媚。
4.Whenwelefttheshelter,thesnowwasfallingthickandthewindwasblowingcold.我們離開(kāi)那棚屋時(shí)，正下著大雪，刮著寒風(fēng)。
5.Businessisgoingstrong.生意興隆。
Ⅳ在固定詞組中或當(dāng)用于修飾它經(jīng)常固定搭配的動(dòng)詞時(shí)：
1.Takeiteasy.不要緊張。
2.Standfirmandholdittight.站穩(wěn)抓牢。
3.Heoftenplayshigh.他賭注常下得很大。
4.Thesecretarycopiedtheroughdraftofhermanageroutfair.秘書(shū)把經(jīng)理那份粗潦的草稿很清楚地謄寫(xiě)出來(lái)。
5.Theyweredrinkingdeepinthefortdeepintothenight.他們?cè)诔潜ぶ型达嫷缴钜埂?br> 通過(guò)觀察，以上三類(lèi)詞中第一類(lèi)較易區(qū)別、掌握和使用。對(duì)于后兩類(lèi)詞，在判別使用哪一種副詞形式時(shí)一般可以考慮以下幾個(gè)原則：第一是具體性與抽象性的原則。在表示實(shí)實(shí)在在的物體活動(dòng)、位置移動(dòng)或具體可見(jiàn)的狀況和變化時(shí)，常使用不帶-ly的副詞形式，如：climbhigh，livecloseby，openwide，sinkdeep，turnsharpright；反之，具有抽象含義的動(dòng)詞常用以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞，如：thinkhighlyof，lookcloselyinto，lovedearly等等。第二個(gè)原則就是常用固定搭配與靈活搭配的不同。在一些固定詞組或經(jīng)常搭配使用的詞組中，不帶-ly的副詞形式使用得很多，如aimhigh，runhigh，fightfair，goeasywith，drinkdeep，sleepsound等等。第三個(gè)原則是口語(yǔ)體與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體的使用區(qū)別。如有人說(shuō)"Speakloudlyandclearly."也有人說(shuō)"Speakloudandclear."對(duì)此情況難說(shuō)誰(shuí)對(duì)誰(shuí)錯(cuò)，只能說(shuō)前一種說(shuō)法屬于規(guī)范性語(yǔ)體；而后一種說(shuō)法屬于口語(yǔ)體。不帶-ly的簡(jiǎn)單形式是早期英語(yǔ)遺留下來(lái)的口語(yǔ)體形式。例如現(xiàn)在還有人說(shuō)"Ibadneedthissortofmaterial."就如G.O.寇姆在〈英語(yǔ)句法〉（Syntax）一書(shū)中說(shuō)過(guò)的，帶-ly的副詞是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)或好的口語(yǔ)，但在松散的口語(yǔ)和大眾語(yǔ)中人們?nèi)匀粓?jiān)持使用沒(méi)有-ly的簡(jiǎn)單形式。
根據(jù)以上原則，可以解釋為什么可以說(shuō)"Donttalksoloud."但必須說(shuō)"Heprotested／complainedloudly。"Talkloud是常用的搭配形式，而且talk一詞的形象也比較具體；protest與complain則是搭配性很強(qiáng)的詞，還常常和許多別的副詞靈活搭配，如publicly，sharply，secretly等等。另外，這兩個(gè)詞比talk更具感情色彩，所以也就更具抽象性。

Period6Integratingskills

Teachingaimsanddemands:
Toimprovethestudents’abilitiesofreadingandcomprehension
Tolearnsomelanguagepoints
Step1Lead-in
Step2Readingcomprehension：
1.Answerthequestions:
1)Whatarethethreebasiclearningstyles?
Thethreebasiclearningstylesarelearningthroughseeing,learningthroughlisteningandlearningthroughdoing.
2)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
Thepassagemainlytellsusthreelearningstylesandtheirgreatimportancetostudy.
2.TrueorFalse:
①Studentsinaclassaredifferentfromeachotherinmanywaysthoughtheyareofthesameageandnationality.T
②People’swaysofobtaininginformationandexpressingthemselvesarealwaysthesame.F
③Ifyouprefertoreadtheinformationwhilelearning,youarethetypeofthestudentswholearnthroughdoing.F
④Youarelearningthroughlisteningifyouprefertoacquireinformationbyreadingaloud,hearingateachingexplainsomething,usingataperecorderandsoon.T
⑤Studentswhohavethelearningthroughdoingstyleliketositstillforlongperiodsoftimeandconcentratetheirmindswhilereadingorlistening.F
⑥Itiseasyforteacherstosuittheirstudents’variousleaningstyles.F
⑦It’snecessaryforonetofindthestudymethodswhicharesuitableforhimorher.T
⑧Appropriatelearningstylescanmakeonestudymoreeffectively.T
Step3Languagepoints
1.have…incommon
2.suggest不用虛擬的用法
3.demonstrate證明，論證，表達(dá)，顯露，示范，演示，示威（常用搭配：demonstrate+that/wh--/todo）
Letmedemonstratetoyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.讓我來(lái)向你說(shuō)明一下我們面臨的一些困難。
Hissuddendeparturehaddemonstratedhowunreliablehewas.他突然離去，這說(shuō)明他多么不可靠。
Thetheoriesweredemonstratedtobefalse.這些理論已被證明是錯(cuò)誤的。
Wewanttodemonstrateourcommitmenttohumanrights.我們向表明我們對(duì)人權(quán)的信念。
Herjobinvolvesdemonstratingneweducationalsoftware.她的工作包括演示新的教學(xué)軟件。
studentsdemonstratingagainstthewar.舉行反戰(zhàn)示威游行的學(xué)生。
4.category類(lèi)別，種類(lèi)
Studentsover25fallintoadifferentcategory.25歲以上的學(xué)生屬于另一類(lèi)。
Theresultscanbedividedintothreemaincategories.結(jié)果可以分成3大類(lèi)。
引申：categorize/se將。。。分類(lèi)，把。。加以分類(lèi)
Participantswerecategorizedaccordingtoage.參加者按年齡和性別分組。
Hislatestworkcannotbecategorizedaseitheranoveloranautobiography.他的近作既不屬于小說(shuō)也不屬于自傳。
5.beactivein積極參加
Shetakesanactivepartinschoollife.
Theparentswereactiveincampaigningagainstcutstotheeducationbudget.
6.approachvt./n.接近，靠近，建議，要求，（待人接物或思考問(wèn)題的）方法，方式，態(tài)度
Weheardthesoundofanapproachingcar/acarapproaching。我們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)一輛車(chē)駛近的聲音。
Sheapproachedthebankforaloan.她向銀行要求貸款。
Theschoolhasdecidedtoadoptadifferentapproachtodiscipline.學(xué)校決定采用另一種方式解決紀(jì)律問(wèn)題。
Shetookthewrongapproachinherdealingswiththem.她用錯(cuò)誤的手段和他們打交道。
7.restriction(n.)限制restrict(v.)…to把…限制在…
1)出售槍支受到許多法律限制。
Thesaleoffirearmsissubjectedtomanylegalrestrictions.
2)她限制自己一天吃?xún)深D飯。
Sherestrictsherselftotwomealsaday.
3)一個(gè)家庭限制只生一個(gè)孩子。
Onefamilyisrestictedtohavingonechild.

相關(guān)知識(shí)

Unit 12 Education (綜合教案)

Period2Readingcomprehension
Pre-reading
1.Lookaroundourschoolandlistsomeequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.Inordertorunaschool,weneed
2.Whatmeasuresdoesourgovernmenttaketohelpthepoorchildrentocontinuetheirstudies?
FastreadingFillsomenumbersintheblanks
1.In_____,theChinesegovernmentintroducedalawstatingthatbytheyear_____everyChinesechildwouldhave____yearsofcompulsoryeducation.
2.Itisreportedthat_____ofschool-agechildreninChinaattendedprimaryschoolby2004.3.WhentheWorldEducationForummetin_____,itcalculatedthattherewere____millionchildrennotinschool.
4.AttheForum,themembercountriesoftheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)madeacommitmenttoprovide“complete,freeandcompulsoryprimaryeducationofgoodqualityforallchildrenby_____”.
5.IntheTurksandCaicosIslands,wheretherearelessthan_______people,thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolissolowthatstudentsofseveraldifferentgradesaretaughtinthesameclassroom.
6.InnorthandcentralAustraliathepopulationissospreadoutthatchildreninsomeruralsettlementscanbeasfaras_____kmawayfromthenearestschool.
7.___________studentsinUnitedStateslivesinthecountryside,andprovidingthemwithafullcurriculumisdifficult.
8.Chinahasalsoadopteddistancelearningmethodssuchastelevisionlessonsandin_____,theMinistryofEducationintroducedcomputerizedteachingnetworksincentralandwesternChina.
CarefulreadingFinishthefollowingtrueorfalseexercise
1.AllofthechildrencanreceivenineyearsofcompulsoryeducationinChina.()
2.EducationforAllisthegoalofmanycountriesintheworld.()
3.Therearesometraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldnotgotoschoolandthatgirlsshouldstayathome.()
4.Largepopulation,shortageofteachersandmoneyareseriousproblemsinsomeareasofmanycountries.()
5.AllstudentscannotreceivethesamequalityofteachinginUSA.()
6.Thedevelopingcountriesmaynotovercomepromblemsofpopulationandeconomywiththehelpoftheinternationalcommunity()
Generalidea
ChoosethebestheadingforeachparagraphinthetextandputA,BC…andGintheblanks.
________Educationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
________Solvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
________CompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
________Problemsofnumberandlocation
________Encouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
________Meetingthecost
________EducationforAll—aninternationaltarget
Summary
countriesproblemssolutions

Chinaandother
developingcountries

Australia,USA
andother
developedcountries
Homework
1.Exercise2onP104
2.PreviewthelanguagepointsPleasefinishtheexercisesafterclass.
1.九年制義務(wù)教育__________________2.上小學(xué)______________________
3.與……..密不可分_________________4.承諾________________________
5.與…….相同_____________________6.首先,開(kāi)始____________________
7.起著重要的作用__________________8.重視教育____________________
9.輟學(xué)____________________________10.吸收_______________________
11.混合年級(jí)的班級(jí)_________________12.中國(guó)政府___________________
13.教學(xué)質(zhì)量_______________________14.住在農(nóng)村___________________
15.對(duì)……懷疑_____________________16.遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)_________________

Period3Languagepoints
Step1Revision
Retellthepassageinyourownwords:
InChina,asinothercountries,thegovernmenthasbeendoingitsbesttoprovideeveryschool-agechildnineyearsofcompulsoryeducationandtheoutcomeishighlysuccessful.Yet,problemsanddifficultiesremainintheruralareas,somepoorcountriesandless-populatedareas.Distancelearningandmixed-gradeclasseshelpedalot.Besides,someinternationalorganizationsandlocalorganizationsofferedmoneytomeetthecostinthepoorareas.Though“EducationforAll”—theinternationaltargetishardtoachieve,theUNESCO,everygovernmentandsomelocalorganizationsaredoingtheirbits.Thereisalongwaytogo,butwe’resuretosucceed.
Step2Wordsexplaining
absent_______________
compulsory________________
standard________________
curriculum________________
distribute_________________
tendency_________________
expand__________________
sceptical_________________
commitment_________________
load_________________
Step3Languagepoints
1.Itisreportedthat99%ofschool-agechildreninChinaattendedprimaryschoolby2004.
Itisreported(said,thought,hopedandetc)that…句型結(jié)構(gòu)，通常表達(dá)“據(jù)報(bào)道（據(jù)說(shuō)，人們認(rèn)為，人們希望
等）”，其中句首的it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容。
e.g.Itishopedthatthechildrenwillcarryonourfamilytraditions.
我們期待孩子們能繼承我們家族的傳統(tǒng)。
2.InChina,asinothercountries,thegovernmentrealizesthatthefuturewelfareofitscitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation.
belinkedto與……連接（相關(guān)）的。
e.g.Theislandwillbelinkedtothemainlandbyanewbridge.
Inareaswhereagricultureplaysanimportantrole,peopledonotattachimportancetoeducation,andparentsarescepticalofanythingthattakeschildrenawayfromtheirworkonthefarm.
句中where和that都引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。attach...to...（加于……之上）和bescepticalof（對(duì)……抱著懷疑的態(tài)度）是固定短語(yǔ)。
e.g.Noblameattachestohimfortheaccident.
這個(gè)事故他沒(méi)有受到責(zé)備。
Weshouldattachprimaryimportancetothedevelopmentofeconomy.
我們要把發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的工作放在第一位。
4.Insomeculturesparentsareparticularlyunwillingtosendtheir
daughterstoschoolbecausethecustomistoeducateboysratherthangirls.
beunwillingtodo不愿意……；ratherthan勝于
e.g.Theseshoesarecomfortableratherthanpretty.
這雙鞋不好看，但是舒服
5.Tosolvethis,Australiauses“distancelearning”methods,wherethestudentshavelessonsbytwo-wayradioandmail.
tosolvethis是目的狀語(yǔ)提前，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；另外句中where引導(dǎo)的是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾說(shuō)明methods；此類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句比較特別，因?yàn)槠渲?br> 的引導(dǎo)詞并非表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，類(lèi)似的名詞還有case,situation,condition等。
e.g.Canyouthinkofasituationwherethisidiomcanbeused?
你能想出一個(gè)使用這個(gè)成語(yǔ)的情況嗎？
6.Inthesecountries,wheresomepeopledonotevenhavefreshwaterorbasichealthcare,reachingthetargetof“EducationforAll”willbeahugetask,despitehelpfromtheinternationalcommunity.
where引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句；
reaching短語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，despite是介詞，其意義為“不管,盡管,不論”。
e.g.Despitethebadweatherwe
enjoyedourholiday.
盡管天氣不好，我們的假期仍
過(guò)得很愉快。
Step4Homework
1.PleasedoEx.2and3onP106.
2.Ex.4onP106
Title:Youngwomenwhoareabletoreadandwrite
3.ReadtheparagraphonP106againandsummarizeit.
4.PreviewthepassageinINTEGRATINGSKILLS.

Unit 12 Education (綜合詳細(xì)教案)

Step2Listening
SaytoSs:Thefoureducatorsmadegreatcontributionstotheyoungstudents’education.Andweknowthateducationisofgreatimportancetoacountry.TheeducationinChinahasbeenimprovedalot.Buttherearestillalotforustodoandtobelearnedfromothercountries.Nextlet’slistentotwostudentscomparingeducationinChinaandtheUSA.
1.Beforeyoulistentothetape,thinkaboutthefollowingquestions.
(1)WhatdoyouknowabouteducationintheUnitedStates?
(2)HowisitsimilartoChineseeducation?Howisitdifferent?
2.Beforeyoulistentothetape,pleasegothroughthechatbelow.
3.Nowlet’slistentothetapeandmakenotesundereachheadinginpairs.
ComparisonofeducationinChinaandtheUSA
Classsize
Methodofteaching/Teachingstyle
Homework
Exams
4.Afterthefirstlistening,encouragetheSstosaywhatthey’vegotfromthetapeandcollectthemontheblackboard.
5.Listentothetapeforthesecondtimefordetails.HelpSstofinishthechart.
6.Tomakethestudentsunderstandthepassagebetter,letthemlistentothetapeforthelasttime.
Step3Speaking
T:Weshouldsaythateducationisveryimportanttoacountry.Toourgreatjoy,educationinChinahasmadegreatimprovement.Nowpleaselookatthegraphsonpages101to102anddiscussthefollowingquestions.Beforeyoudiscussthem,let’sgothroughsomewordsandphrases.
statistics:(usedwithapl.verb)Numericaldata.
（與復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用）統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)
graph:Adiagramthatexhibitsarelationship,oftenfunctional,betweentwosetsofnumbersasasetofpointshavingcoordinatesdeterminedbytherelationship.
曲線(xiàn)圖；座標(biāo)圖；圖解
bargraph[統(tǒng)]條線(xiàn)圖
linegraph[數(shù)]線(xiàn)圖
Nowpleaselookatthetwographsonpage102anddiscussthequestionsontherightinagroupoffour.
Good,you’vegotagoodideaabouteducationinChina.Withtheresultsyouhavegot,pleasetalkabouttheachievements,progressandproblemsineducationinChina.Thefollowingwordsandphrasesmaybeusefulforyourdiscussion.
aheavyworkloadtoreducetheworkloadtomeetparents’expectation
tobestrictwithtoraiseacademicstandardsunderhighpressure

Homework
1.Askthestudentstocollectmoreinformationaboutthefourfamouseducators:Confucius,AntonMakarenco,AnnaSullivan,TaoXingzhi.
2.Askthestudentstocollectsomeinformationabouttheeducationinthecity/province.
3.Askthestudentstolistalltheequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.

Period2Let’sread!
(Educationforall)
Goals
◆Providestudentswiththegoal“EDUCATIONFORALL”andthepresentsituationofeducationinChinaandothercountries.
◆Improvestudents’abilityofreadingcomprehension.
Procedures
Step1Leadingin
1.Talkabouttheeducationinthecityorprovince.
2.Talkabouttheequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.
Conclusion:Weareluckyenoughtohavequitegoodeducationinourcity.Buttherearemanychildrenwhodon’thavethechancetogotoschoolbecauseofvariousreasons.InChinawehavethe“HopeProject”thathelpsmanychildrenwhoareunabletogotoschool.Andalsothereisaprojectnamed“Educationforall”.Todaywe’lltalkabout“Educationforall”.
Step2Readingforgeneralideas
Askstudentstoreadthepassage“Educationforall”andmatchthebestheadingforeachparagraphinthetext.
Suggestedanswers:
BEducationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
DSolvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
ACompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
FProblemsofnumberandlocation
CEncouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
EMeetingthecost
GEducationforAll---aninternationaltarget
Step3Readingandcopying
UsefulexpressionsfromEDUCATIONFORALL
compulsoryeducation,thefuturewelfare,theWorldEducationForum,themembercountries,tomakeacommitment,get…into…,tobeginwith,apositiveattitude,playa/an…role,toattachimportanceto…,beskepticalof…,dropout,bedistributed,theremotecentralandwesternprovinces,spreadout,bytwo-wayradioandmail,relyon,non-governmentalorganizations,todonatesth.,provide…with…,toadoptdistancelearningmethod,computerizedteachingnetworks,toovercome…,toaccomplish…,ahugetask.
Step4Furtherunderstandingofthepassage
Askstudentstodothetask2onpage104.
Well,class,pleasegothroughthesentencesontask2onpage104andtrytofindoutthemistakesineachsentence.
Inordertoachievethegoalof“educationforall”,differentcountriesusedifferentwaystosolvetheirownproblems.Trytofindoutwhichcountriesusethefollowingmethodstohelpthemprovideeducation.
Distancelearning,mixed-gradeclasses,moneyfrominternationalorganizations,moneyfromlocalorganizations.
Nowpleasediscussinagroupoffourifthereareanywaysinwhicheducationinyourareacouldbeimprovedandwhichyouthinkisthemostimportantaspecttochange.
Step5Homework
1reviewthepassage:Educationforall
2.Finishtheexercisesin“Languagestudy”part.

Period3Let’sreadandwrite!
(Howwelearn)
Goals
1.Readaboutthestudytips.
2.Writeaboutareportanalyzingthewayyoulearn.
Procedures
Step1:Listeningandreadingaloud.
Ⅰ.Hello,boysandgirls,youhavebeenastudentforsomeyears.Haveyoufoundagoodwaytocarryoutyourstudy.Todaywe’llreadapassagenamed“Howwelearn”.FirstreadaloudtotherecordingofthetextHOWWELEARNonpage107.Payattentiontothepauses,thepronunciationandtheintonationwhilelisteningandreadingaloud.
Post-readingquestions:
1.Whydostudentslearnindifferentways?
2.Whatarethethreebasiclearningstyles?
3.Whatisthelimitationofteachers’teachinginclassrooms?
Suggestedanswers:
1.Becausedifferentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofobtaininginformationandusevariousmethodstodemonstratetheirintelligenceandability.
2.Theyare:learningthroughseeing;learningthroughlisteningandlearningthroughdoing.
3.Restrictionsoftime,spaceandresourcesoftenmakeitimpossibleforteacherstoprovidethebestexercisesforalllearners.
Ⅱ.Ok,class,justnowwetalkedaboutthethreelearningstyles.Nowlet’strytousetheminourrealstudy.Decidewhichofthestudytipsbelowarebestsuitedforthethreedifferenttypesoflearnersdescribedinthepassage.
suggestedanswers:
Organiseastudyscheduletoincludefrequentbreaks.(learningthroughseeing)
Studyinaquiteplacewhereyoucannothearotherpeopletalking.(learningthroughseeing)
Rememberingthingswillbeeasierifyouputthewordstomusicandmakealittle“memorysong”.(learningthroughdoing)
Takepartinclassdiscussionsanddebates.(learningthroughlistening)
Drawcharts,graphs,diagrams,flowchartsorpicturestoorganizeinformationwhentakingnotes.(learningthroughseeing)
IfpossibleuseacomputerandDVDStohelpyoustudy.(learningthroughseeing)
Makepresentationstoclassmatesordiscussideaswithyourclassmates.
（learningthroughlistening）
Concentrateonsimilaritiesanddifferencesyoucanobserve.(learningthroughdoing)
Movearoundwhilestudying.Forexample,readwhiledoingexercises.
(learningthroughdoing)
Putpostersandphotosaroundyourdeskandhaveastresstoytoplaywithasyouwork.
(learningthroughdoing)
Listentoandrememberfunnystoriesandbackgroundinformation.
（learningthroughlistening）
Createmaps,buildmodelsordrawanddesignthings.(learningthroughdoing)
Takepartinartprojects.(learningthroughdoing)
Writeaboutthethingsyouhavetolearn.(learningthroughdoing)
ⅢNowlet’stalkaboutourlearningstylesinagroupoffour.Evaluateandcompareyourlearningstylesanddiscusshowtoimprovethewayyoustudy.
Step2:Copyingdownexpressions.
Asisknown,languageismadeupofwordsandexpressions.So,whynotreadthearticleandwritedownallthoseexpressionswhichareusefultoyou!

Step3Writinganarticle
Writeanarticleanalyzingthewayyoulearn,usingtheoutlinebelowtohelpyoutoorganiseyourideas.
Part2DiscourseStudies第二部分篇章學(xué)習(xí)
1.Typeofwritingandsummaryoftheidea課文體裁、中心思想和段落大意
ReadingthetextEDUCATIONFORALL,andthencompletethefollowingchart.
TypeofwritingThisisapieceofdescriptivewriting
MainideaofthepassageIttellsabouttheworld-wideeffortstoachievethegoalof“Educationforall”
MainideaofPara.1CompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
MainideaofPara2Educationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
MainideaofPara3Encouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
MainideaofPara4Solvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
MainideaofPara5Meetingthecost
MainideaofPara6Problemsofnumberandlocation
MainideaofPara7EducationforAll---aninternationaltarget
2.Graphicrepresentationofthetext課文圖解

3.Aretoldpassageofthetext課文復(fù)述
Retellthetextusingabout100words.
Notes:
1.Trytouseyourownwords.
2.Makeuseofthechartabovewhileretelling.
3.Thepossibleversionbelowcanbeusedasmaterialforbothretellinganddictation.
Apossibleversionoftheretoldtext:
In1986,theChinesegovernmentintroducedthelawof“nineyearsofcompulsoryeducation”foreveryChinesechildbytheyear2000,whichturnsouthighlysuccessful.
Allthegovernmentsintheworldrealizethatthefuturewelfareofthecitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation.Forthecalculated113millionchildrennotbeinginschoolfromtheWorldEducationForum,theUNESCOmadeacommitmenttoprovide“educationforall”by,whichhassimilardifficultiesindifferentcountries.
Tocreateapositiveattitudeisimportantincarryingoutthegoal,especiallyinareaswhereagricultureplaysanimportantroleandchildrenhaveatendencytobeabsentandoftendropouttohelpworkinthefields.
China’slargepopulationandbiglandmeantthepossibilityofthelargeclasssizesandmixed-gradeclasses.InAustraliatheso-spread-outpopulationuse“distancelearning”methodswiththehelpoftwo-wayradioandmail.
Thesuccessinbringingeducationtoalldependsoneconomy.Sosomegovernmentsrelyonaidfromothercountries,internationalorganizations.
Everycountryfacesproblemsineducation,whichmakesthegovernmentslookforwaystosolvethem.
TheChinesegovernmenthasovercomeproblemstoaccomplishthegoal,whichisnotsointheleastdevelopednationsinAfricaandAsia.Sothegoalwillbeahugetaskfortheworld.
Part3KeyWordsandExpressions第三部分詞匯與短語(yǔ)
load[]
n.1.（車(chē)、船、人、畜等的）負(fù)荷；負(fù)擔(dān)；載重
Thetruckwascarryingaloadofbananas.這輛卡車(chē)裝著一車(chē)香蕉。
Wehavetomakethreeloadsofthecargo.我們得把貨物分裝三車(chē)。
2.（車(chē)輛等的）載重量
I’veorderedtwolorry-loadsofsand.我已定購(gòu)了兩卡車(chē)沙子。
3.（一個(gè)成員、一臺(tái)機(jī)器等的）工作量，負(fù)荷
Ihaveafairlylightteachingloadthisterm.這個(gè)學(xué)期我的教學(xué)負(fù)擔(dān)相當(dāng)輕。
4.（常與of連用）大量，許多(aloadof/loadsof)
Tothereadersdisappointment,theleadingarticleinthisissueofthemagazineisaloadofrubbish.這期雜志上的主要文章廢話(huà)連篇,使讀者大失所望。
v.1.（常與up,with連用）裝，裝滿(mǎn)，載滿(mǎn)
Weloadedthetruckwithbananas.我們把香蕉裝上卡車(chē)。
2.裝上（彈匣、膠卷）
Don’tmove!Thegunisloaded.別動(dòng)！這支槍是上了膛的。
workload[]
n.1.工作量,工作負(fù)擔(dān)
Shehasaveryheavyworkload.她的工作負(fù)擔(dān)很重。
strict[strikt]
adj.1.嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的（規(guī)則或行為）(+with)
Ourteacherisstrict;wehavetodowhatshesays.
我們的老師很?chē)?yán)格，我們不得不按她說(shuō)的去做。
2.精確的；完整的
Hemadeastrictanalysisoftheexperiment.
他對(duì)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)做了個(gè)精確的分析。
compulsory[]
adj.1.義務(wù)的；強(qiáng)制的；強(qiáng)迫的
EducationiscompulsoryforallchildreninBritainbetweentheageof5and16.
在英國(guó)5歲到16歲的兒童都要接受義務(wù)教育。
commitment[]
n.1.承諾；
Thegeneralhasrepeatedhiscommitmenttoholdingelectionsassoonaspossible.
將軍重申了盡快進(jìn)行選舉的承諾。
2．責(zé)任；承擔(dān)義務(wù)
Ivetakenontoomanycommitments.
我承擔(dān)的義務(wù)太多了。
3．忠誠(chéng)，信奉，支持
Thecompany’ssuccessthisyearwouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthecommitmentanddedicationofthestaff.如果沒(méi)有員工的奉獻(xiàn)精神，公司今年的成功是不可能的。
sceptical[]
adj.懷疑的
Everyonesaysourteamwillwin,butI’mskepticalof/aboutit.
人人都說(shuō)我們隊(duì)會(huì)贏，但我對(duì)此表示懷疑。
tendency[]
n.1.傾向；趨勢(shì)①(+to,towards)Thereisanincreasingtendencytowardstheuseoffirearmsbycriminals.罪犯使用槍械的趨勢(shì)在上升。
②（＋tov.）Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.
人們?cè)诩依锒皇窃谵k公室工作的趨勢(shì)日益增長(zhǎng)。
2．癖好，秉性①（+to,towards）He’salwayshadatendencyto/towardsfrivolity.
他向來(lái)表現(xiàn)出輕浮的傾向。
②（＋tov.）TheteachercriticizedhistendencytoviewworldaffairspurelyintermsoftheEast-Westconflicts.老師批評(píng)了他那種單純從東西方?jīng)_突的角度去觀察國(guó)際事務(wù)的傾向。
expand[]
vi.vt.1.擴(kuò)大，膨脹Thebusinesshasexpandedfromhavingoneofficetohavingtwelve.
這個(gè)公司已從一個(gè)分公司發(fā)展到擁有12個(gè)分公司了。
2.詳述（故事，論證等）,引申Idon’tquitefollowyourreasoning.Canyouexpand(onit)?
我不大理解你的論斷，你能詳細(xì)地加以說(shuō)明嗎？
You’llhavetoexpandyourargumentifyouwanttoconvinceme.你如果想使我信服，就必須詳述你的論點(diǎn)。
3．Vi.（人）變得更友善更健談Heexpandedalittlewhenhehadhadadrink,andstartedtotalkmorefreely.他喝了一杯酒，變得更友善，并開(kāi)始暢談起來(lái)。
distribute[]
vt.1.分發(fā)，分配某事物(+sth.to/amongsb./sth.)
Thedemonstratorsdistributedleafletstopassers-by.示威向行人分發(fā)傳單。
2．使（某事物）散開(kāi)，散布
Baggageloadedontoanaircraftmustbeevenlydistributed.
飛機(jī)載運(yùn)的行李應(yīng)均勻放置在各個(gè)部位。
拓展：distributionn.1.分發(fā)，分配（多作不可數(shù)名詞）
Theboyscomplainedthatthedistributionofprizeswasunfair.
男孩們抱怨獎(jiǎng)品分配不均。
2．分布，散布（多作不可數(shù)名詞）
Thepine-treehasaverywidedistribution.
松樹(shù)的分布很廣。
corporation[]
n.1.公司；企業(yè)JohnworksforalargeAmericanchemicalcorporation.
約翰為一家美國(guó)大化學(xué)公司工作。
2.市政府
Thecorporationhasdecidedthatnoheavy-dutytrucksarepermittedtopassthroughthecentreofthecityduringrushhours.
市政當(dāng)局決定高峰期間不允許載重卡車(chē)通過(guò)市中心。
拓展：corporate[]
adj.1.社團(tuán)的；團(tuán)體的
corporateresponsibility,action,etc共同的責(zé)任，行動(dòng)等
2．市政府的；公司的
Corporateexecutivesusuallyhavehighsalaries.公司里的管理人員一般享有高薪。
donate[]
vt.捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送
Thebusinessmandonatedalotofmoneytothehospital.這個(gè)商人捐給醫(yī)院很多錢(qián)。
拓展：donation[]
n.1．捐贈(zèng)；捐贈(zèng)品；捐款
Shemadeadonationof

幼兒園教案詳案

Unit 12 Education (綜合詳案)。

Period1Vocabulary

Teachingaimsanddemands:
(1)Tolearnsomewordsandexpressions.
(2)Tousethewordsandexpressionscorrectly
(3)Teacher’sfurtherexplanationandsupplement
1.loadn.[C]1.)裝載;擔(dān)子Theloadonthatbeamismorethanitwillbear.那根梁上的載重超過(guò)了它所能承受的量。2.)(精神方面的)負(fù)擔(dān);重任Thegoodnewshastakenaloadoffmymind.聽(tīng)了這個(gè)好消息我就放心了。3.)(車(chē),船等的)裝載量;一車(chē)(或一船等)貨物Thetruckwascarryingaloadofsand.卡車(chē)裝運(yùn)一車(chē)沙子。4.)工作量Measureshavebeentakentolightentheloadofthehospitaldoctors.業(yè)已采取措施減輕醫(yī)院醫(yī)生的負(fù)擔(dān)。vt.1.)裝,裝載[(+with)]Theworkersareloadingtheshipwithcoal.工人正把煤裝上船。2.)把彈藥裝入(槍,炮);把膠卷裝入(照相機(jī))Dontforgettoloadyourcamera.別忘了給你的相機(jī)裝膠卷。3.)使擺滿(mǎn);使充滿(mǎn);使長(zhǎng)滿(mǎn)[(+with)]Theairwasloadedwithsoot.空氣充滿(mǎn)煤煙。4.)大量給予[(+with)]Hisbrothersandsistersloadedhimwithbooks.他的哥哥姐姐送給他許多書(shū)。2.strict____________
.bestrictwithsb._____________
bestrictinsth.________________
inthestrictsense嚴(yán)格說(shuō)來(lái)
strictlyspeaking嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)
bepleasedwithsb./sth.對(duì)某人（事）滿(mǎn)意
e.gSheisverystrictnotonly_________allofus,but_________allherownwork.(C)
A.in,withB.with,withC.with,inD.in,in
3.compulsory_______________
4.commitment(n.)_________________承擔(dān)義務(wù),獻(xiàn)身，投入（常與tosb/sth連用）
makeacommitmenttodo承諾
acommitmenttopay$50000toRedCross承諾向紅十字會(huì)提供50000美元
Ivetakenontoomanycommitments.我承擔(dān)的義務(wù)太多了。
Hedoesntwanttogetmarriedbecauseheisafraidofanycommitments.
"他不想結(jié)婚,因?yàn)樗ε鲁袚?dān)任何責(zé)任。"
5.tobeginwith（插入語(yǔ)）首先,___________________
類(lèi)似詞組有：tostartwith;totellthetruth;tobehonest;tobefrank;tomakethingsworse
Althoughithadseemedagoodreason,tobeginwith:nocouplecouldaffordtohavechildren.
6.skeptical_____________
beskepticalabout/of_________________
1)I’mratherskepticalabouttheirprofessedsympathyforthepoor.
他們聲稱(chēng)同情窮人，我對(duì)此有些懷疑。
2)e.g.Everyonesaysourteamwillwin,butI_________it.
A.amscepticalofB.amsureofC.amproudofD.amconcernedabout
3)Iamscepticalabouthischancesofwinning.我懷疑他取勝的可能性。
4)Thepublicremainscepticaloftheseclaims.公眾對(duì)這些說(shuō)法仍持懷疑態(tài)度。
5)Shelookedhighlysceptical.她一臉深表懷疑的神色。
7.tendency(n.)________________
to/towardssth.
tendencytodosth.
罪犯使用槍械的上升趨勢(shì)anincreasingtendencytowardstheuseoffirearmsbycriminals
人們?cè)诩依锒皇窃谵k公室里工作的趨勢(shì)日益增長(zhǎng)。
Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.
8.dropout退學(xué)1退出，脫離2退學(xué)，輟學(xué)
①Hehasdroppedoutofactivepolitics.他已經(jīng)不再積極參政了。
②awordthathasdroppedoutofthelanguage該語(yǔ)言中已經(jīng)廢棄的一個(gè)詞。
③Oneofmyteethhasdroppedout.我的一只牙齒掉了。④Shestartedadegreebutdroppedoutafteronlyayear.
她開(kāi)始攻讀工程學(xué)學(xué)位，但僅一年后就輟學(xué)了。
⑤Shedroppedoutofschooltobecomeawaitress.她退學(xué)去當(dāng)女招待。9.expand(vi.)_________________(vt.)______________1.)展開(kāi),張開(kāi)(帆,翅等)Theeagleexpandeditswings.老鷹展開(kāi)翅膀。2.)使膨脹;使擴(kuò)張3.)擴(kuò)大;擴(kuò)充;發(fā)展Heisthinkingofexpandinghisbusiness.他正考慮擴(kuò)展他的生意。4.)詳述Theyhaveexpandedmyviewonthequestion.他們已更充分地闡明了我對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的觀點(diǎn)。vi.1.)展開(kāi),張開(kāi)2.)擴(kuò)張;發(fā)展;增長(zhǎng)Intenyearsthecityspopulationexpandedby12%.十年之中,該城人口增加了百分之十二。3.)膨脹Waterexpandswhenitfreezes.水結(jié)冰時(shí)體積膨脹。Atireexpandswhenyoupumpairintoit.輪胎打了氣就會(huì)脹大。4.)詳細(xì)說(shuō)明[(+on/upon)]
10.distribute_______________~sth(to/amongsb/sth)
①Theorganizationdistributedfoodtotheearthquakevictims.
這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)向地震災(zāi)民分發(fā)了食品和毯子。
②Thenewspaperisdistributedfree.這份報(bào)紙免費(fèi)分發(fā)。
③Themoneywasdistributedamongschoolsinthearea.
這筆款項(xiàng)是在本地區(qū)的學(xué)校中分配的。
④WhodistributesourproductsintheUK?誰(shuí)在英國(guó)分銷(xiāo)我們的產(chǎn)品？
⑤Theteacherdistributedthepupilsintothreegroups.老師把學(xué)生分成三組。11.resultin_______________
resultfrom_____________
①joblossesresultingfromchangesinproduction生產(chǎn)革新造成的失業(yè)。
②Whenwaterlevelsrise,floodingresults.水位上升，就會(huì)發(fā)洪水。
③Thecyclonehasresultedinmanythousandsofdeaths.颶風(fēng)已經(jīng)造成成千上萬(wàn)的人死亡。
④[+-ing]Thesepoliciesresultedinmanyelderlypeoplesufferinghardship.
這些政策使許多老人和殘疾人在困苦中掙扎。
12.donate______________vt.捐獻(xiàn),捐贈(zèng)[(+to)]Shedonatedherbookstothelibrary.她把自己的書(shū)捐贈(zèng)給圖書(shū)館。donateblood獻(xiàn)血vi.捐獻(xiàn),捐贈(zèng)[(+to/towards)]Myhusbanddonatestothatgroupeveryyear.我丈夫每年都捐錢(qián)給那個(gè)組織。donationn.[(+to)]1.)捐獻(xiàn),捐贈(zèng)[U][C]Shemadeadonationof$5,000totheChildrensHospital.她捐了五千美元給兒童醫(yī)院。2.)捐款;捐贈(zèng)物[C]13.professionn.1.)(尤指受過(guò)良好教育或?qū)ｉT(mén)訓(xùn)練者,如律師、醫(yī)生、教師的)職業(yè)，專(zhuān)業(yè)[C]Sheintendstomaketeachingherprofession.她打算以教書(shū)為業(yè)。2.)同業(yè),同行[sing.]Theteachingprofessionclaimthattheyarebadlypaid.教師同行們聲稱(chēng)待遇太差。Heisaleadingmemberofthemedicalprofession.他是醫(yī)療業(yè)中首屈一指的醫(yī)生。比較：careern.1.)(終身的)職業(yè)，事業(yè)[C]
Hewasntinterestedinherstagecareer.他對(duì)她的演戲職業(yè)不感興趣。2.)經(jīng)歷;生涯;歷程[C]Hefounditbothinterestingandinstructivetolearnaboutthecareersofgreatmen.他覺(jué)得了解偉人的生平既很有趣又有教益。比較：occupationn.1.)工作,職業(yè)[C]Whatisyourfather’soccupation?你父親的職業(yè)是什么？2.)消遣;日常事務(wù)[C][U]Hewasboredforlackofoccupation.他因無(wú)所事事而感到厭煩。3.)占領(lǐng),占據(jù);占領(lǐng)時(shí)期[U]TheJapaneseoccupationofTaiwanlastedfifty-oneyears.日本占領(lǐng)臺(tái)灣達(dá)五十一年之久。4.)占用;居住;占用(或居住)期Nooneisyetinoccupationofthehouse.這所房子還沒(méi)有人住進(jìn)去。所以，在三個(gè)表示職業(yè)的詞中，professionn.(尤指受過(guò)良好教育或?qū)ｉT(mén)訓(xùn)練者,如律師、醫(yī)生、教師的)職業(yè)，專(zhuān)業(yè)，[C]；careern.(終身的)職業(yè)，事業(yè)[C]；occupationn.職業(yè)，工作[C]，是一種泛指。
14.advocate___________
①我擁護(hù)逐步改革的政策。Iadvocateapolicyofgradualreform.
②主張核武器裁軍者anadvocateofnucleardisarmament15.obtain_______________vt.得到,獲得Hefailedtoobtainascholarship.他沒(méi)有獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。Theyobtainedaloanfromthegovernment.他們從政府那里得到一筆貸款。vi.得到公認(rèn);通用;流行;存在Thoseconditionsnolongerobtain.那些情形已不存在。Thecustomstillobtainsinsomeareas.某些地區(qū)仍保留著這一習(xí)俗。16.selectvt.選擇,挑選,選拔[(+for/from)]Heselectedateamforthespecialtask.他為這項(xiàng)特殊任務(wù)挑選了一組人馬。Mr.Reedhasbeenselectedtorepresentusonthecommittee.
里德先生代表我們已被選入委員會(huì)。vi.做出選擇,挑選adj.1.)挑選出來(lái)的;精選的Aselectgroupoftheirfriendswasinvitedtothewedding.他們的經(jīng)過(guò)挑選的一群朋友應(yīng)邀參加婚禮。2.)上等的,優(yōu)等的,卓越的Sheonlystaysatselecthotels.她只住一流旅館。17.suitn.(一套)衣服[C]Ipickedoutablacksuit.我挑了一套黑色西裝。vt.1.)適合,中...的意WouldFridaymorningsuityou?星期五早上對(duì)你合適嗎?Thearrangementsuitedusboth.這個(gè)安排對(duì)我們兩人都合適。2.)(不用被動(dòng)式)與...相配,與...相稱(chēng)Thisdresssuitsyoubeautifully.這件衣服你穿非常合適。3.)使合適;使適應(yīng)[(+to)]Herspeechwaswellsuitedtotheoccasion.她的講話(huà)在這個(gè)場(chǎng)合十分得體。比較：fit作動(dòng)詞的用法sth.suitsb.=lookattractiveonab.合某人身
besuitedfor(to)sb./sth.=besuitableorrightforsb./sth.適合某人
Heisbettersuitedtoajobwitholdpupils.他較適合教小學(xué)高年級(jí)學(xué)生。
e.g.MrGong,whoisinpoorhealth,__________suchahardlife.
A.issuittolivingB.issuittoliveC.issuitedtolivingD.issuitedtolive

Period2Warmingup

Teachingaimsanddemands:
ToimprovetheSs’speakingandlisteningskills
Graspsomeusefulphrases:
Teachingprocedures:
Step1Disscussion
SBP.100LettheSsdisscussthequestionsinthetextthenchecktheanswerswiththeSs.
Step2Listening
Listentothetapeandfinishtheexerciseonpage101
Step3Speaking
DividetheSsintoseveralgroupstodiscussandletthemreporttheirideastotheclass
Step4Languagepoints
1.HowisitsimilartoChineseeducation?
besimilarto與…相似
Myteachingstyleissimilartothatofmostotherteachers.
2.compareyournoteswithyourpartner’s.與你的同伴交換你的看法
comparenoteswithsb.與某人交換看法或意見(jiàn)等
makeanoteof=makenotesof請(qǐng)記錄下
takeanote/notesof記筆記…
3.aheavyworkload沉重的工作負(fù)擔(dān)
aloadof=loadsof+可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，大量，許多
load…withsth.=loadsth.onto/into把某物裝到…上
e.g.Menwereloadingupatruckwithwood.
=Menwereloadingupwoodontoatruck.
Sheloadedfilmintothecamera.=Sheloadedthecamerawithfilm.她把膠卷裝到了相機(jī)里。
區(qū)分burden_____________________________________
load_____________________________________

Period3Reading-Educationforall

Teachingaimsanddemands:
(1)Togetgeneralideasofthepassage
(2)ToimprovetheSs’readingskill
1.Mainideaofeachparagraph:
Para.ACompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
Para.BEducationforAll—aninternationaltarget
Para.CEncouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
Para.DProblemsofnumberandlocation
Para.EMeetingthecost
Para.FSolvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
Para.GEducationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
2.Payattentiontosomenumbersinthetextandfillinthefollowingblank.
1.In_____,theChinesegovernmentintroducedalawstatingthatbytheyear_____everyChinesechildwouldhave____yearsofcompulsoryeducation.(1986,2000,nine)
2.Itisreportedthat____ofschool-agechildreninChinaattendedprimaryschoolby2004.(99%)
3.WhentheWorldEducationForummetin_____,itcalculatedthattherewere____millionchildrennotinschool.(2000,113)
4.AttheForum,themembercountriesoftheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)madeacommitmenttoprovide“complete,freeandcompulsoryprimaryeducationforgoodqualityforallchildrenby_____”.()
5.IntheTurksandCaicosIslands,wheretherearelessthan_______people,thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolissolowthatstudentsofseveraldifferentgradesaretaughtinthesameclassroom.(20,000)
6.InnorthandcentralAustraliathepopulationissospreadoutthatchildreninsomeruralsettlementscanbeasfaras_____kmawayfromthenearestschool.(1,000)
7.___________studentsinUnitedStateslivesinthecountryside,andprovidingthemwithafullcurriculumisdifficult.(Oneinthree)
8.Chinahasalsoadopteddistancelearningmethodssuchastelevisionlessonsandin_____,theMinistryofEducationintroducedcomputerizedteachingnetworksincentralandwestern
China.(1999)
9.Now,whenaChinesecouplehas______,theycanbeconfidentthattheirchildwillbeabletoattendschool.(ababy)
10.ThismountainschoolinLesotho,Africahas____students(120)
11.TheAliceSpringsSchooloftheAirinAustraliahas____childrenwholiveinanareaofover__________squarekilometers.(140,onemillion)
12.Thereis____teacher,____classroom,nodoors,windows,desksorchairs.(one,one)
3.Accordingtothepassing,whichcountriesusethefollowingmethodstohelpthemprovideeducation?
MethodsCountries
distancelearningAustralia,China,theUSA
mixed-gradeclassesTheTurksandCaicosIslands,partsoftheremotecentralandwesternregionsinChina,
moneyfrominternationalorganizations
China,thedevelopingcountriesinAfricaandAsia
moneyfromlocalorganizations
China,thedevelopingcountries

4.Readingcomprehension:Choosethebestanswer
1.Accordingtothetext,______ofschool-agechildrenattendedprimaryschoolby_______.
A.99%;2000B.86%;2000C.99%;2004D.86%;2004
2.Whatsuggeststhatmanycountriesrealizetheimportanceofeducation?
A.Theyrealizethatthefuturewelfareoftheircitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation
B.TheyattendedtheWorldEducationForumin2000
C.AttheWorldEducationForumin2000,theymadeacommitmentcalled“Educationforall”
D.Theyaretryingtogeteverychildintoschool
3.______preventssomepeopleattachingimportancetoeducation.
A.TheimportanceofagricultureB.Heavyworkonthefarm
C.TraditionalideasD.Alltheabove
4.WhatkindofclassescanoftenbeseeninwesternprovincesinChina?
A.MixedgradeclassesB.Classesoflargesizes
C.ClassesofsmallsizesD.Classesbytwo-wayradioandmail
5.Whatmeasuresdomanydevelopingcountriestaketoprovideschoolswithnecessaryequipment?
A.Theycallontheircitizenstodonateit
B.Theydependonaidfromothercountriesandinternationalorganizationsorprograms
C.Theyborrowitfromtheirneighborcountries
D.Developedprovincesprovideaidforlessdevelopedprovinces
6.Howmanycountriesarementionedinthetexttohaveadopteddistancelearningmethods?
A.1B.2C.3D.4
7.AccordingtoParagraphF,whichofthefollowingisoneoftheeducationproblemsexistinginAmerica?
A.Thequalityofteachingisnotgoodnationwide
B.Therearetoomanyfamiliesnowbelowpovertyline
C.Onethirdofthestudentsliveinthecountryside
D.Violentcrimestakeplaceinschoolyards
8.Thetexttalksmainlyabout______.
A.“Educationforall”----theinternationaltarget
B.solvingtheproblemsofteachingqualityinremoteareas
C.encouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
D.problemsofthenumberofpeopleinoneareaandlocation
9.It’sdifficultforsomecountriesinAfricaandAsiatoachievethegoalof“Educationforall”,because_______.
A.thepopulationistoolarge
B.theyarefacingmanyotherproblems,suchaslackoffreshwaterandbasichealthcare
C.theinternationalaidisfarfromenough
D.theeconomythereistheleastdeveloped
10.Whichofthestatementsistrue?
A.People’sattitudetowardseducationaffectseducationsystem
B.Thenumberofpeopleinoneareaandpeople’sdistributioncanalsocauseeducationproblems
C.Educationsystemcanbeaffectedbyeconomy
D.Alltheabove
答案：CCDABCCADD
5.DecideTrueorFalseaccordingtothetext.
①I(mǎi)n2000theChinesegovernmentpassedalawthateverychildmusthavenineyearsofcompulsoryeducation.F
②Inthe2000WorldEducationForum,themembercountriesoftheUNESCOpromisedtoprovide
educationforallalthoughtheyhavemanydifficulties.T
③Thereare113millionchildrennotinschooltoday.F
④Childrenwholiveonfarmsdonotliketoattendschool.F
⑤Somechildreninthecountrysidetendtodropoutofschooleveniftheystartschool.T
⑥Classsizesarelargerincityschoolsthaninruralschools.T
⑦Whetherallthepopulationcanreceiveeducationdependsoneconomy.T
⑧Thereasonwhydistancelearningisadoptedinremoteareasisthatchildrenlivesofaraway.T
⑨Byeverychildintheworldwillreceivenineyearsofcompulsoryeducation.F
⑩Chinahadmadegreatachievementsinaccomplishingits“nineyearsofcompulsoryeducation”goal.T

Period4Languagepointsinreading

Teachingaimsanddemands:
Tolearnandgraspsomeimportantphrasesinthetext
Tolearnsomeimportantlanguagepoints
1.introduce介紹，正式提交，實(shí)施
HeintroducedmetoaGreekgirlattheparty.
Thefirstlectureintroducesstudentstothemaintopicsofthecourse.
Thecompanyisintroducinganewrangeofproductsthisyear.
Thenewlawwasintroducedin1991.
2.nineyearsofcompulsoryeducation_____________________
3.behighlysuccessful_____________________
highly與high區(qū)別;close與closely區(qū)別
1)Doyouseethatbutterflyflyinghighabovethestreet?
你是否看見(jiàn)那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飛舞著？
2)Thedistinguishedguestswerehighlypraised.貴賓們受到了高度贊揚(yáng)。
引申：Suddenlythedoorwas______andincameMr.Wang.
A.openwideB.widelyopenC.wideopenedD.openwidely
（答案為C，由前面的suddenly可見(jiàn)，此句強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而不用形容詞，wide與widely都有副詞，但是意義不同，他們的區(qū)別好象deep/deeply，high/highly，close/closely）
4.Itisreportedthat據(jù)報(bào)道…
類(lèi)似的句型還有：itissaid/believed/hoped/announcedthat…
5.becloselylinkedto_____________________
6.makeacommitmenttoprovide…作出一項(xiàng)承諾提供
①(n.)______________
1)makeacommitmenttosb.todosth.=makeapromise作出承諾
2)Shedoesn’twanttomakeacommitmenttoSteveatthemoment._____________________
②commitvt.______________
tosth.
commitsb./yourselftodoingsth.向……承諾做某事
todo
e.g.1）總統(tǒng)承諾要改革衛(wèi)生保健制度。
ThePresidentiscommittedtoreforminghealthcare.
2）雙方承諾和平解決矛盾。
Bothsidescommittedthemselvestosettletheconflictpeacefully.
7.facesimilardifficulties_____________________
①facetoface面對(duì)面地
Irushedoutoftheofficeandfoundmyselfface-to-facewiththeboss.
"我沖出辦公室,面對(duì)面地碰上了老板。"
Theburglarturnedthecornerandfoundhimselffacetofacewithapoliceman.
那竊賊轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)墻角，面對(duì)面碰上一個(gè)警察。
②inthefaceof不顧；面對(duì)，在…前面
Hesucceededinthefaceofgreatdifficulties.盡管有巨大的困難，但他成功了。
③befacedwith面臨
IrealizedthatHamletwasfacedwithanentirelydifferentproblem.
我意識(shí)到Hamlet面臨著完全不同的問(wèn)題。
Thestateisnowfacedwiththeimmediatequestionofraisingnewtaxes.
國(guó)家面臨緊迫的問(wèn)題，收新稅。
8.Tobeginwith,itisimportanttocreateapositiveattitude.______________________
9.attachimportanceto….認(rèn)為。。。很重要
~importance/significance/value/weight,etc.(tosth)
e.g我認(rèn)為這個(gè)研究十分重要。Iattachgreatimportancetothisresearch.
10.beskepticalofanythingthat_____________________
takechildrenawayfromtheirworkonthefarm不讓孩子們田里勞動(dòng)
11.haveatendencytobeabsent常常會(huì)缺課
12.bewilling/unwillingtodo（不）愿意。（不）樂(lè)意
Theykeepalistofpeople(whoare)willingtoworknights.
他們有一份愿意夜間工作的人的名單。
I’mperfectlywillingtodiscusstheproblem.我十分樂(lè)意討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
Theyareunwillingtoinvestanymoremoneyintheproject.他們不愿再為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目投資。
Shewasunable,orunwilling,togivemeanyfurtherdetails.
她不能，或不愿意，向我提供進(jìn)一步的細(xì)節(jié)。
13.mean想要，意思是；
Whatdidshemeanbyleavingsoearly(=whydidshedoit)?
Don’tlaugh!Imeanit(=Iamserious).
I’msorryIhurtyou.Ididn’tmeanto.
You’remeantto(=youaresupposedto)paybeforeyougoin.
[常用被動(dòng)]~sbforsth|~sbtobesth（想要某人成為，想要某人去做）
Iwasnevermeantforthearmy(=didnothavethequalitiesneededtobecomeasoldier).我根本就不是塊當(dāng)兵的料。
PhilipandKimweremeantforeachother(=areverysuitableaspartners).Philip和Kim真是天生的一對(duì)。
[vntoinf]Hisfathermeanthimtobeanengineer.他父親想讓他當(dāng)工程師。
Shedideverythingtogetthetwoofthemtogether,butIguessitjustwasn’tmeanttobe.她極力撮合他兩個(gè)，但我覺(jué)得那根本不可能。
Byallmeans可以，當(dāng)然行，沒(méi)問(wèn)題
‘DoyoumindifIhavealook?’‘Byallmeans.’借我看一眼行嗎？當(dāng)然可以。
bymeansofsth(formal)借助。。。手段，依靠。。。方法。
:Theloadwasliftedbymeansofacrane.重物是用起重機(jī)吊起來(lái)的。
Bynomeans絕不，一點(diǎn)也不
Sheisbynomeansaninexperiencedteacher.她絕不是一個(gè)毫無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師。
Wehaven’twonyet,notbyanymeans.我們離成功還遠(yuǎn)著呢。
Bynomeansarethesecasesexceptional.這些例子絕不是例外。
14.China’slargepopulationmeantthattheschoolhadtoexpandtotakeinmanymorestudents.擴(kuò)大來(lái)接納更多的學(xué)生
takesb.in收留，留宿e.g.Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.
takesb.in欺騙，蒙騙Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory.
她的一番花言巧語(yǔ)完全把我騙了。
takesth.in吸入，吞入，改小，包含ThetourtakesinsixEuropeancapitals.
14.resultinlareclasssizes結(jié)果造成班級(jí)人數(shù)很多
15.InnorthandcentralAustraliathepopulationissospreadoutthat…
spreadout分散,伸展身體，攤開(kāi)東西
1)There’smoreroomtospreadoutinfirstclass.頭等艙寬敞些，伸得開(kāi)腿。
2)Doyouhavetospreadyourselfoutalloverthesofa？
你就非得躺下，把整個(gè)大沙發(fā)全占了才行嗎？3)Thesearchersspreadouttocovertheareafaster.搜索人員分散開(kāi)來(lái),好更快搜索這一地區(qū)。
16.Australiauses“distancesettlementscanbeasfaras
asfarastheeyecan/couldsee極目所盡
Thebleakmoorlandstretchedonallsidesasfarastheeyecouldsee.
荒涼的曠野向四面伸展開(kāi)去，一望無(wú)際。
asfarasIknow|/asfarasIcanremember/see/tell,etc.就我所知道/據(jù)我所記得的/依我看。
Asfarasweknew,therewasnocauseforconcern.就我們所知，沒(méi)什么可擔(dān)心的。
AsfarasIcansee,you’vedonenothingwrong.依我看，你沒(méi)有做錯(cuò)任何事。
ShelivedinChicago,asfarasIcanremember.據(jù)我所記得的，她過(guò)去住在Chicago。
as/sofarassb/sthisconcerned|就…而言
AsfarasIamconcerned,youcandowhatyoulike.就我而言，你想干什么就干什么。
17.available可獲得的，可找到的，有空的
Ticketsareavailablefreeofchargefromtheschool.學(xué)校有免費(fèi)票。
Whenwilltheinformationbemadeavailable?何時(shí)才能了解到情況？
Furtherinformationisavailableonrequest.詳情備索。
Thiswastheonlyroomavailable.這是唯一可用的房間。
We’llsendyouacopyassoonasitbecomesavailable.一有貨我們就會(huì)給你郵寄一本去。
Everyavailabledoctorwascalledtothescene.所有能找到的醫(yī)生都備召集到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。
Willshebeavailablethisafternoon?今天下午她有空嗎？
18.relyon/upon依賴(lài)；依靠
Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork.
[+-ing]Theindustryreliesonthepriceofrawmaterialsremaininglow.
Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.
Hecan’tbereliedontotellthetruth
19.adopt收養(yǎng)，采用（方法）；采納（建議，政策等）
Allthreeteamsadopteddifferentapproachestotheproblem.三個(gè)隊(duì)處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法各不相同。
Thecouncilisexpectedtoadoptthenewpolicyatitsnextmeeting.委員會(huì)有望在下次會(huì)議上正式通過(guò)這項(xiàng)新政策。
20.overcome克服，戰(zhàn)勝
SheovercameinjurytowintheOlympicgoldmedal.
Thetwopartiesmanagedtoovercometheirdifferencesontheissue.InthefinalgameSwedeneasilyovercameFrance

Period5Languagepractice

Teachingaimsanddemands
(1)Consolidatethewordsthathasbeenlearned
(2)Grammar
語(yǔ)法：
（一）本類(lèi)詞有hard，hardly；late，lately；most，mostly等等，這兩種副詞形式含義完全不同，所以，使用時(shí)不易引起混淆。
1.Heworkshardallday.他整天都在使勁地干活。
Hehardlyworksatall.他很少干活。
2.Youhavecometoolate.你來(lái)得太晚了。
Haveyouseehimlately?你最近見(jiàn)到過(guò)他嗎？
3.Thepersonwhotalksmostisoftentheonewhodoesleast.說(shuō)得最多的人常常干得最少。
Theaudienceconsistedmostlyofwomen.觀眾大部分是女的。
4.ThenextflightdosenotgodirecttoTokyo;itgoesbywayofShanghai.下趟航班不直飛東京，而是繞道上海。
Hewillbeheredirectly.他馬上就來(lái)。
5.Theriderpulledhishorseupshort.騎手突然一下把馬勒住。
Makearightturnshortlybeyondthevillage.村前不遠(yuǎn)處往右拐。
6.Pleasestandclearofthegate.請(qǐng)不要站在門(mén)前。
Hestatedhisview-pointclealy.他很清楚明白地闡述了自己的觀點(diǎn)。
7.Theexamwasprettydifficult.這次考試相當(dāng)難。
Herlittlegirlsarealwaysprettilydressed.她的小女孩穿著總是很漂亮。
（二）這類(lèi)詞主要有wide，widely；close，closely；high，highly等等，這兩種副詞形式不同，含義也有差別，但是沒(méi)有第一類(lèi)的區(qū)別明顯，而且翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)用詞也很接近。所以使用時(shí)很容易混淆。這類(lèi)詞含義及用法上的主要特點(diǎn)是：不帶-ly的副詞表示具體的行為和動(dòng)作，說(shuō)明的動(dòng)作或狀況有可測(cè)量性和可見(jiàn)性；而以-ly結(jié)尾的同源副詞所表達(dá)的常常是抽象性的行為和狀況。這時(shí)，這些詞大都具有"greatly"和"extremely"的含義。試作如下比較：
1.Doyouseethatbutterflyflyinghighabovethestreet?你是否看見(jiàn)那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飛舞著？
Thedistinguishedguestswerehighlypraised.貴賓們受到了高度贊揚(yáng)。2.Heflungthedoorwideopen.他猛地把門(mén)開(kāi)得大大的。
Wewerewidelydifferentonmanyquestions.我們?cè)谠S多問(wèn)題上分歧很大。
3.Youwillhavetopaydearforthattelescope.買(mǎi)那個(gè)望遠(yuǎn)鏡你得付很高的價(jià)錢(qián)。
Youwillpaydearlyfortheinsult.對(duì)這樣的侮辱你將付出高昂的代價(jià)。
4.Shestoodcloseagainstthewall.她緊挨著墻站著。
Thepolicewerewatchinghimclosely.警察在密切監(jiān)視他。
5.Thebirdisnowflyingquitelow.鳥(niǎo)兒現(xiàn)在飛得非常低。
Hebowedlowlybeforethequeen.他謙恭地給女王鞠了一躬。
6.Theyhadtodigdeeptoreachwater.他們挖得很深才挖到水。
Youhaveoffendedhimdeeply.你冒犯他可不輕。
7.GraceisholdingtighttoPaul.格雷斯緊緊地?fù)ПеＡ_。
Thepassengerswerepackedtightlyinthetrain.火車(chē)車(chē)箱里擠滿(mǎn)了乘客。
8.Mr.Coletendstospeakratherloud.科爾先生說(shuō)話(huà)聲音總是很大。
Mr.Coleboastedloudlyofhispower.科爾先生大肆夸耀自己的權(quán)力。
（三）這類(lèi)詞主要有slow，slowly；quick，quickly等等異形同義詞。當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言規(guī)范性要求用以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，但由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及搭配的不同，使用時(shí)也具有不同的傾向性。在此，主要探討一下在什么情況下常使用不帶-ly的副詞形式。同時(shí)，把第二類(lèi)中一些適應(yīng)于下列規(guī)則的詞也包括進(jìn)去?？偟恼f(shuō)來(lái)，傾向于使用不帶-ly副詞形式的情況大致有下列四種：
Ⅰ用作比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)時(shí)：
1.Allenwaswalkingquickly,butGeorgewaswalkingevenquicker.艾倫走得很快，但喬治走得更快。
2.Themenwerequarrelingloudly,butthepolicemenshoutedlouder.那些人在大聲爭(zhēng)吵著，但是警察喊叫得更響。
3.Thecarwentslowerandsloweruntilitcametoastandstill.汽車(chē)走得越來(lái)越慢，最后停了下來(lái)。
4.Letsseewhocanrunquickest.我們來(lái)看看誰(shuí)跑得最快。
5.Wemustlookcloserattheproblem.我們必須更加仔細(xì)地查看這一問(wèn)
題。Ⅱ有"so"或"too"修飾時(shí)：
1.ItallhappenedsoquickthatIcoulddonothing.這一切發(fā)生得如此之快以致于我手足無(wú)措無(wú)
法對(duì)付了。
2.Itisimpossibletoovertakehim;yourcargoestooslow.不可能趕上他了，你的車(chē)太慢了。
3.Donttalksoloud;thechildisinbednow.別這樣大聲說(shuō)話(huà)，孩子已經(jīng)睡了。
Ⅲ用于修飾表示移動(dòng)、天氣等常用動(dòng)詞時(shí)：
1.Comequick;wearewaitingforyou.快來(lái)，我們?cè)诘饶恪?br> 2.Driveslow;thispartoftheroadisdangerous.車(chē)開(kāi)慢一點(diǎn)，這段路很危險(xiǎn)。
3.Thesunshinesbright.陽(yáng)光明媚。
4.Whenwelefttheshelter,thesnowwasfallingthickandthewindwasblowingcold.我們離開(kāi)那棚屋時(shí)，正下著大雪，刮著寒風(fēng)。
5.Businessisgoingstrong.生意興隆。
Ⅳ在固定詞組中或當(dāng)用于修飾它經(jīng)常固定搭配的動(dòng)詞時(shí)：
1.Takeiteasy.不要緊張。
2.Standfirmandholdittight.站穩(wěn)抓牢。
3.Heoftenplayshigh.他賭注常下得很大。
4.Thesecretarycopiedtheroughdraftofhermanageroutfair.秘書(shū)把經(jīng)理那份粗潦的草稿很清楚地謄寫(xiě)出來(lái)。
5.Theyweredrinkingdeepinthefortdeepintothenight.他們?cè)诔潜ぶ型达嫷缴钜埂?br> 通過(guò)觀察，以上三類(lèi)詞中第一類(lèi)較易區(qū)別、掌握和使用。對(duì)于后兩類(lèi)詞，在判別使用哪一種副詞形式時(shí)一般可以考慮以下幾個(gè)原則：第一是具體性與抽象性的原則。在表示實(shí)實(shí)在在的物體活動(dòng)、位置移動(dòng)或具體可見(jiàn)的狀況和變化時(shí)，常使用不帶-ly的副詞形式，如：climbhigh，livecloseby，openwide，sinkdeep，turnsharpright；反之，具有抽象含義的動(dòng)詞常用以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞，如：thinkhighlyof，lookcloselyinto，lovedearly等等。第二個(gè)原則就是常用固定搭配與靈活搭配的不同。在一些固定詞組或經(jīng)常搭配使用的詞組中，不帶-ly的副詞形式使用得很多，如aimhigh，runhigh，fightfair，goeasywith，drinkdeep，sleepsound等等。第三個(gè)原則是口語(yǔ)體與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體的使用區(qū)別。如有人說(shuō)"Speakloudlyandclearly."也有人說(shuō)"Speakloudandclear."對(duì)此情況難說(shuō)誰(shuí)對(duì)誰(shuí)錯(cuò)，只能說(shuō)前一種說(shuō)法屬于規(guī)范性語(yǔ)體；而后一種說(shuō)法屬于口語(yǔ)體。不帶-ly的簡(jiǎn)單形式是早期英語(yǔ)遺留下來(lái)的口語(yǔ)體形式。例如現(xiàn)在還有人說(shuō)"Ibadneedthissortofmaterial."就如G.O.寇姆在〈英語(yǔ)句法〉（Syntax）一書(shū)中說(shuō)過(guò)的，帶-ly的副詞是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)或好的口語(yǔ)，但在松散的口語(yǔ)和大眾語(yǔ)中人們?nèi)匀粓?jiān)持使用沒(méi)有-ly的簡(jiǎn)單形式。
根據(jù)以上原則，可以解釋為什么可以說(shuō)"Donttalksoloud."但必須說(shuō)"Heprotested／complainedloudly。"Talkloud是常用的搭配形式，而且talk一詞的形象也比較具體；protest與complain則是搭配性很強(qiáng)的詞，還常常和許多別的副詞靈活搭配，如publicly，sharply，secretly等等。另外，這兩個(gè)詞比talk更具感情色彩，所以也就更具抽象性。

Period6Integratingskills

Teachingaimsanddemands:
Toimprovethestudents’abilitiesofreadingandcomprehension
Tolearnsomelanguagepoints
Step1Lead-in
Step2Readingcomprehension：
1.Answerthequestions:
1)Whatarethethreebasiclearningstyles?
Thethreebasiclearningstylesarelearningthroughseeing,learningthroughlisteningandlearningthroughdoing.
2)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
Thepassagemainlytellsusthreelearningstylesandtheirgreatimportancetostudy.
2.TrueorFalse:
①Studentsinaclassaredifferentfromeachotherinmanywaysthoughtheyareofthesameageandnationality.T
②People’swaysofobtaininginformationandexpressingthemselvesarealwaysthesame.F
③Ifyouprefertoreadtheinformationwhilelearning,youarethetypeofthestudentswholearnthroughdoing.F
④Youarelearningthroughlisteningifyouprefertoacquireinformationbyreadingaloud,hearingateachingexplainsomething,usingataperecorderandsoon.T
⑤Studentswhohavethelearningthroughdoingstyleliketositstillforlongperiodsoftimeandconcentratetheirmindswhilereadingorlistening.F
⑥Itiseasyforteacherstosuittheirstudents’variousleaningstyles.F
⑦It’snecessaryforonetofindthestudymethodswhicharesuitableforhimorher.T
⑧Appropriatelearningstylescanmakeonestudymoreeffectively.T
Step3Languagepoints
1.have…incommon
2.suggest不用虛擬的用法
3.demonstrate證明，論證，表達(dá)，顯露，示范，演示，示威（常用搭配：demonstrate+that/wh--/todo）
Letmedemonstratetoyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.讓我來(lái)向你說(shuō)明一下我們面臨的一些困難。
Hissuddendeparturehaddemonstratedhowunreliablehewas.他突然離去，這說(shuō)明他多么不可靠。
Thetheoriesweredemonstratedtobefalse.這些理論已被證明是錯(cuò)誤的。
Wewanttodemonstrateourcommitmenttohumanrights.我們向表明我們對(duì)人權(quán)的信念。
Herjobinvolvesdemonstratingneweducationalsoftware.她的工作包括演示新的教學(xué)軟件。
studentsdemonstratingagainstthewar.舉行反戰(zhàn)示威游行的學(xué)生。
4.category類(lèi)別，種類(lèi)
Studentsover25fallintoadifferentcategory.25歲以上的學(xué)生屬于另一類(lèi)。
Theresultscanbedividedintothreemaincategories.結(jié)果可以分成3大類(lèi)。
引申：categorize/se將。。。分類(lèi)，把。。加以分類(lèi)
Participantswerecategorizedaccordingtoage.參加者按年齡和性別分組。
Hislatestworkcannotbecategorizedaseitheranoveloranautobiography.他的近作既不屬于小說(shuō)也不屬于自傳。
5.beactivein積極參加
Shetakesanactivepartinschoollife.
Theparentswereactiveincampaigningagainstcutstotheeducationbudget.
6.approachvt./n.接近，靠近，建議，要求，（待人接物或思考問(wèn)題的）方法，方式，態(tài)度
Weheardthesoundofanapproachingcar/acarapproaching。我們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)一輛車(chē)駛近的聲音。
Sheapproachedthebankforaloan.她向銀行要求貸款。
Theschoolhasdecidedtoadoptadifferentapproachtodiscipline.學(xué)校決定采用另一種方式解決紀(jì)律問(wèn)題。
Shetookthewrongapproachinherdealingswiththem.她用錯(cuò)誤的手段和他們打交道。
7.restriction(n.)限制restrict(v.)…to把…限制在…
1)出售槍支受到許多法律限制。
Thesaleoffirearmsissubjectedtomanylegalrestrictions.
2)她限制自己一天吃?xún)深D飯。
Sherestrictsherselftotwomealsaday.
3)一個(gè)家庭限制只生一個(gè)孩子。
Onefamilyisrestictedtohavingonechild.

相關(guān)知識(shí)

Unit 12 Education (綜合教案)

Period2Readingcomprehension
Pre-reading
1.Lookaroundourschoolandlistsomeequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.Inordertorunaschool,weneed
2.Whatmeasuresdoesourgovernmenttaketohelpthepoorchildrentocontinuetheirstudies?
FastreadingFillsomenumbersintheblanks
1.In_____,theChinesegovernmentintroducedalawstatingthatbytheyear_____everyChinesechildwouldhave____yearsofcompulsoryeducation.
2.Itisreportedthat_____ofschool-agechildreninChinaattendedprimaryschoolby2004.3.WhentheWorldEducationForummetin_____,itcalculatedthattherewere____millionchildrennotinschool.
4.AttheForum,themembercountriesoftheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)madeacommitmenttoprovide“complete,freeandcompulsoryprimaryeducationofgoodqualityforallchildrenby_____”.
5.IntheTurksandCaicosIslands,wheretherearelessthan_______people,thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolissolowthatstudentsofseveraldifferentgradesaretaughtinthesameclassroom.
6.InnorthandcentralAustraliathepopulationissospreadoutthatchildreninsomeruralsettlementscanbeasfaras_____kmawayfromthenearestschool.
7.___________studentsinUnitedStateslivesinthecountryside,andprovidingthemwithafullcurriculumisdifficult.
8.Chinahasalsoadopteddistancelearningmethodssuchastelevisionlessonsandin_____,theMinistryofEducationintroducedcomputerizedteachingnetworksincentralandwesternChina.
CarefulreadingFinishthefollowingtrueorfalseexercise
1.AllofthechildrencanreceivenineyearsofcompulsoryeducationinChina.()
2.EducationforAllisthegoalofmanycountriesintheworld.()
3.Therearesometraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldnotgotoschoolandthatgirlsshouldstayathome.()
4.Largepopulation,shortageofteachersandmoneyareseriousproblemsinsomeareasofmanycountries.()
5.AllstudentscannotreceivethesamequalityofteachinginUSA.()
6.Thedevelopingcountriesmaynotovercomepromblemsofpopulationandeconomywiththehelpoftheinternationalcommunity()
Generalidea
ChoosethebestheadingforeachparagraphinthetextandputA,BC…andGintheblanks.
________Educationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
________Solvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
________CompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
________Problemsofnumberandlocation
________Encouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
________Meetingthecost
________EducationforAll—aninternationaltarget
Summary
countriesproblemssolutions

Chinaandother
developingcountries

Australia,USA
andother
developedcountries
Homework
1.Exercise2onP104
2.PreviewthelanguagepointsPleasefinishtheexercisesafterclass.
1.九年制義務(wù)教育__________________2.上小學(xué)______________________
3.與……..密不可分_________________4.承諾________________________
5.與…….相同_____________________6.首先,開(kāi)始____________________
7.起著重要的作用__________________8.重視教育____________________
9.輟學(xué)____________________________10.吸收_______________________
11.混合年級(jí)的班級(jí)_________________12.中國(guó)政府___________________
13.教學(xué)質(zhì)量_______________________14.住在農(nóng)村___________________
15.對(duì)……懷疑_____________________16.遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)_________________

Period3Languagepoints
Step1Revision
Retellthepassageinyourownwords:
InChina,asinothercountries,thegovernmenthasbeendoingitsbesttoprovideeveryschool-agechildnineyearsofcompulsoryeducationandtheoutcomeishighlysuccessful.Yet,problemsanddifficultiesremainintheruralareas,somepoorcountriesandless-populatedareas.Distancelearningandmixed-gradeclasseshelpedalot.Besides,someinternationalorganizationsandlocalorganizationsofferedmoneytomeetthecostinthepoorareas.Though“EducationforAll”—theinternationaltargetishardtoachieve,theUNESCO,everygovernmentandsomelocalorganizationsaredoingtheirbits.Thereisalongwaytogo,butwe’resuretosucceed.
Step2Wordsexplaining
absent_______________
compulsory________________
standard________________
curriculum________________
distribute_________________
tendency_________________
expand__________________
sceptical_________________
commitment_________________
load_________________
Step3Languagepoints
1.Itisreportedthat99%ofschool-agechildreninChinaattendedprimaryschoolby2004.
Itisreported(said,thought,hopedandetc)that…句型結(jié)構(gòu)，通常表達(dá)“據(jù)報(bào)道（據(jù)說(shuō)，人們認(rèn)為，人們希望
等）”，其中句首的it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容。
e.g.Itishopedthatthechildrenwillcarryonourfamilytraditions.
我們期待孩子們能繼承我們家族的傳統(tǒng)。
2.InChina,asinothercountries,thegovernmentrealizesthatthefuturewelfareofitscitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation.
belinkedto與……連接（相關(guān)）的。
e.g.Theislandwillbelinkedtothemainlandbyanewbridge.
Inareaswhereagricultureplaysanimportantrole,peopledonotattachimportancetoeducation,andparentsarescepticalofanythingthattakeschildrenawayfromtheirworkonthefarm.
句中where和that都引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。attach...to...（加于……之上）和bescepticalof（對(duì)……抱著懷疑的態(tài)度）是固定短語(yǔ)。
e.g.Noblameattachestohimfortheaccident.
這個(gè)事故他沒(méi)有受到責(zé)備。
Weshouldattachprimaryimportancetothedevelopmentofeconomy.
我們要把發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的工作放在第一位。
4.Insomeculturesparentsareparticularlyunwillingtosendtheir
daughterstoschoolbecausethecustomistoeducateboysratherthangirls.
beunwillingtodo不愿意……；ratherthan勝于
e.g.Theseshoesarecomfortableratherthanpretty.
這雙鞋不好看，但是舒服
5.Tosolvethis,Australiauses“distancelearning”methods,wherethestudentshavelessonsbytwo-wayradioandmail.
tosolvethis是目的狀語(yǔ)提前，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；另外句中where引導(dǎo)的是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾說(shuō)明methods；此類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句比較特別，因?yàn)槠渲?br> 的引導(dǎo)詞并非表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，類(lèi)似的名詞還有case,situation,condition等。
e.g.Canyouthinkofasituationwherethisidiomcanbeused?
你能想出一個(gè)使用這個(gè)成語(yǔ)的情況嗎？
6.Inthesecountries,wheresomepeopledonotevenhavefreshwaterorbasichealthcare,reachingthetargetof“EducationforAll”willbeahugetask,despitehelpfromtheinternationalcommunity.
where引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句；
reaching短語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，despite是介詞，其意義為“不管,盡管,不論”。
e.g.Despitethebadweatherwe
enjoyedourholiday.
盡管天氣不好，我們的假期仍
過(guò)得很愉快。
Step4Homework
1.PleasedoEx.2and3onP106.
2.Ex.4onP106
Title:Youngwomenwhoareabletoreadandwrite
3.ReadtheparagraphonP106againandsummarizeit.
4.PreviewthepassageinINTEGRATINGSKILLS.

Unit 12 Education (綜合詳細(xì)教案)

Step2Listening
SaytoSs:Thefoureducatorsmadegreatcontributionstotheyoungstudents’education.Andweknowthateducationisofgreatimportancetoacountry.TheeducationinChinahasbeenimprovedalot.Buttherearestillalotforustodoandtobelearnedfromothercountries.Nextlet’slistentotwostudentscomparingeducationinChinaandtheUSA.
1.Beforeyoulistentothetape,thinkaboutthefollowingquestions.
(1)WhatdoyouknowabouteducationintheUnitedStates?
(2)HowisitsimilartoChineseeducation?Howisitdifferent?
2.Beforeyoulistentothetape,pleasegothroughthechatbelow.
3.Nowlet’slistentothetapeandmakenotesundereachheadinginpairs.
ComparisonofeducationinChinaandtheUSA
Classsize
Methodofteaching/Teachingstyle
Homework
Exams
4.Afterthefirstlistening,encouragetheSstosaywhatthey’vegotfromthetapeandcollectthemontheblackboard.
5.Listentothetapeforthesecondtimefordetails.HelpSstofinishthechart.
6.Tomakethestudentsunderstandthepassagebetter,letthemlistentothetapeforthelasttime.
Step3Speaking
T:Weshouldsaythateducationisveryimportanttoacountry.Toourgreatjoy,educationinChinahasmadegreatimprovement.Nowpleaselookatthegraphsonpages101to102anddiscussthefollowingquestions.Beforeyoudiscussthem,let’sgothroughsomewordsandphrases.
statistics:(usedwithapl.verb)Numericaldata.
（與復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用）統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)
graph:Adiagramthatexhibitsarelationship,oftenfunctional,betweentwosetsofnumbersasasetofpointshavingcoordinatesdeterminedbytherelationship.
曲線(xiàn)圖；座標(biāo)圖；圖解
bargraph[統(tǒng)]條線(xiàn)圖
linegraph[數(shù)]線(xiàn)圖
Nowpleaselookatthetwographsonpage102anddiscussthequestionsontherightinagroupoffour.
Good,you’vegotagoodideaabouteducationinChina.Withtheresultsyouhavegot,pleasetalkabouttheachievements,progressandproblemsineducationinChina.Thefollowingwordsandphrasesmaybeusefulforyourdiscussion.
aheavyworkloadtoreducetheworkloadtomeetparents’expectation
tobestrictwithtoraiseacademicstandardsunderhighpressure

Homework
1.Askthestudentstocollectmoreinformationaboutthefourfamouseducators:Confucius,AntonMakarenco,AnnaSullivan,TaoXingzhi.
2.Askthestudentstocollectsomeinformationabouttheeducationinthecity/province.
3.Askthestudentstolistalltheequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.

Period2Let’sread!
(Educationforall)
Goals
◆Providestudentswiththegoal“EDUCATIONFORALL”andthepresentsituationofeducationinChinaandothercountries.
◆Improvestudents’abilityofreadingcomprehension.
Procedures
Step1Leadingin
1.Talkabouttheeducationinthecityorprovince.
2.Talkabouttheequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.
Conclusion:Weareluckyenoughtohavequitegoodeducationinourcity.Buttherearemanychildrenwhodon’thavethechancetogotoschoolbecauseofvariousreasons.InChinawehavethe“HopeProject”thathelpsmanychildrenwhoareunabletogotoschool.Andalsothereisaprojectnamed“Educationforall”.Todaywe’lltalkabout“Educationforall”.
Step2Readingforgeneralideas
Askstudentstoreadthepassage“Educationforall”andmatchthebestheadingforeachparagraphinthetext.
Suggestedanswers:
BEducationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
DSolvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
ACompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
FProblemsofnumberandlocation
CEncouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
EMeetingthecost
GEducationforAll---aninternationaltarget
Step3Readingandcopying
UsefulexpressionsfromEDUCATIONFORALL
compulsoryeducation,thefuturewelfare,theWorldEducationForum,themembercountries,tomakeacommitment,get…into…,tobeginwith,apositiveattitude,playa/an…role,toattachimportanceto…,beskepticalof…,dropout,bedistributed,theremotecentralandwesternprovinces,spreadout,bytwo-wayradioandmail,relyon,non-governmentalorganizations,todonatesth.,provide…with…,toadoptdistancelearningmethod,computerizedteachingnetworks,toovercome…,toaccomplish…,ahugetask.
Step4Furtherunderstandingofthepassage
Askstudentstodothetask2onpage104.
Well,class,pleasegothroughthesentencesontask2onpage104andtrytofindoutthemistakesineachsentence.
Inordertoachievethegoalof“educationforall”,differentcountriesusedifferentwaystosolvetheirownproblems.Trytofindoutwhichcountriesusethefollowingmethodstohelpthemprovideeducation.
Distancelearning,mixed-gradeclasses,moneyfrominternationalorganizations,moneyfromlocalorganizations.
Nowpleasediscussinagroupoffourifthereareanywaysinwhicheducationinyourareacouldbeimprovedandwhichyouthinkisthemostimportantaspecttochange.
Step5Homework
1reviewthepassage:Educationforall
2.Finishtheexercisesin“Languagestudy”part.

Period3Let’sreadandwrite!
(Howwelearn)
Goals
1.Readaboutthestudytips.
2.Writeaboutareportanalyzingthewayyoulearn.
Procedures
Step1:Listeningandreadingaloud.
Ⅰ.Hello,boysandgirls,youhavebeenastudentforsomeyears.Haveyoufoundagoodwaytocarryoutyourstudy.Todaywe’llreadapassagenamed“Howwelearn”.FirstreadaloudtotherecordingofthetextHOWWELEARNonpage107.Payattentiontothepauses,thepronunciationandtheintonationwhilelisteningandreadingaloud.
Post-readingquestions:
1.Whydostudentslearnindifferentways?
2.Whatarethethreebasiclearningstyles?
3.Whatisthelimitationofteachers’teachinginclassrooms?
Suggestedanswers:
1.Becausedifferentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofobtaininginformationandusevariousmethodstodemonstratetheirintelligenceandability.
2.Theyare:learningthroughseeing;learningthroughlisteningandlearningthroughdoing.
3.Restrictionsoftime,spaceandresourcesoftenmakeitimpossibleforteacherstoprovidethebestexercisesforalllearners.
Ⅱ.Ok,class,justnowwetalkedaboutthethreelearningstyles.Nowlet’strytousetheminourrealstudy.Decidewhichofthestudytipsbelowarebestsuitedforthethreedifferenttypesoflearnersdescribedinthepassage.
suggestedanswers:
Organiseastudyscheduletoincludefrequentbreaks.(learningthroughseeing)
Studyinaquiteplacewhereyoucannothearotherpeopletalking.(learningthroughseeing)
Rememberingthingswillbeeasierifyouputthewordstomusicandmakealittle“memorysong”.(learningthroughdoing)
Takepartinclassdiscussionsanddebates.(learningthroughlistening)
Drawcharts,graphs,diagrams,flowchartsorpicturestoorganizeinformationwhentakingnotes.(learningthroughseeing)
IfpossibleuseacomputerandDVDStohelpyoustudy.(learningthroughseeing)
Makepresentationstoclassmatesordiscussideaswithyourclassmates.
（learningthroughlistening）
Concentrateonsimilaritiesanddifferencesyoucanobserve.(learningthroughdoing)
Movearoundwhilestudying.Forexample,readwhiledoingexercises.
(learningthroughdoing)
Putpostersandphotosaroundyourdeskandhaveastresstoytoplaywithasyouwork.
(learningthroughdoing)
Listentoandrememberfunnystoriesandbackgroundinformation.
（learningthroughlistening）
Createmaps,buildmodelsordrawanddesignthings.(learningthroughdoing)
Takepartinartprojects.(learningthroughdoing)
Writeaboutthethingsyouhavetolearn.(learningthroughdoing)
ⅢNowlet’stalkaboutourlearningstylesinagroupoffour.Evaluateandcompareyourlearningstylesanddiscusshowtoimprovethewayyoustudy.
Step2:Copyingdownexpressions.
Asisknown,languageismadeupofwordsandexpressions.So,whynotreadthearticleandwritedownallthoseexpressionswhichareusefultoyou!

Step3Writinganarticle
Writeanarticleanalyzingthewayyoulearn,usingtheoutlinebelowtohelpyoutoorganiseyourideas.
Part2DiscourseStudies第二部分篇章學(xué)習(xí)
1.Typeofwritingandsummaryoftheidea課文體裁、中心思想和段落大意
ReadingthetextEDUCATIONFORALL,andthencompletethefollowingchart.
TypeofwritingThisisapieceofdescriptivewriting
MainideaofthepassageIttellsabouttheworld-wideeffortstoachievethegoalof“Educationforall”
MainideaofPara.1CompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
MainideaofPara2Educationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
MainideaofPara3Encouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
MainideaofPara4Solvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
MainideaofPara5Meetingthecost
MainideaofPara6Problemsofnumberandlocation
MainideaofPara7EducationforAll---aninternationaltarget
2.Graphicrepresentationofthetext課文圖解

3.Aretoldpassageofthetext課文復(fù)述
Retellthetextusingabout100words.
Notes:
1.Trytouseyourownwords.
2.Makeuseofthechartabovewhileretelling.
3.Thepossibleversionbelowcanbeusedasmaterialforbothretellinganddictation.
Apossibleversionoftheretoldtext:
In1986,theChinesegovernmentintroducedthelawof“nineyearsofcompulsoryeducation”foreveryChinesechildbytheyear2000,whichturnsouthighlysuccessful.
Allthegovernmentsintheworldrealizethatthefuturewelfareofthecitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation.Forthecalculated113millionchildrennotbeinginschoolfromtheWorldEducationForum,theUNESCOmadeacommitmenttoprovide“educationforall”by,whichhassimilardifficultiesindifferentcountries.
Tocreateapositiveattitudeisimportantincarryingoutthegoal,especiallyinareaswhereagricultureplaysanimportantroleandchildrenhaveatendencytobeabsentandoftendropouttohelpworkinthefields.
China’slargepopulationandbiglandmeantthepossibilityofthelargeclasssizesandmixed-gradeclasses.InAustraliatheso-spread-outpopulationuse“distancelearning”methodswiththehelpoftwo-wayradioandmail.
Thesuccessinbringingeducationtoalldependsoneconomy.Sosomegovernmentsrelyonaidfromothercountries,internationalorganizations.
Everycountryfacesproblemsineducation,whichmakesthegovernmentslookforwaystosolvethem.
TheChinesegovernmenthasovercomeproblemstoaccomplishthegoal,whichisnotsointheleastdevelopednationsinAfricaandAsia.Sothegoalwillbeahugetaskfortheworld.
Part3KeyWordsandExpressions第三部分詞匯與短語(yǔ)
load[]
n.1.（車(chē)、船、人、畜等的）負(fù)荷；負(fù)擔(dān)；載重
Thetruckwascarryingaloadofbananas.這輛卡車(chē)裝著一車(chē)香蕉。
Wehavetomakethreeloadsofthecargo.我們得把貨物分裝三車(chē)。
2.（車(chē)輛等的）載重量
I’veorderedtwolorry-loadsofsand.我已定購(gòu)了兩卡車(chē)沙子。
3.（一個(gè)成員、一臺(tái)機(jī)器等的）工作量，負(fù)荷
Ihaveafairlylightteachingloadthisterm.這個(gè)學(xué)期我的教學(xué)負(fù)擔(dān)相當(dāng)輕。
4.（常與of連用）大量，許多(aloadof/loadsof)
Tothereadersdisappointment,theleadingarticleinthisissueofthemagazineisaloadofrubbish.這期雜志上的主要文章廢話(huà)連篇,使讀者大失所望。
v.1.（常與up,with連用）裝，裝滿(mǎn)，載滿(mǎn)
Weloadedthetruckwithbananas.我們把香蕉裝上卡車(chē)。
2.裝上（彈匣、膠卷）
Don’tmove!Thegunisloaded.別動(dòng)！這支槍是上了膛的。
workload[]
n.1.工作量,工作負(fù)擔(dān)
Shehasaveryheavyworkload.她的工作負(fù)擔(dān)很重。
strict[strikt]
adj.1.嚴(yán)格的，嚴(yán)厲的（規(guī)則或行為）(+with)
Ourteacherisstrict;wehavetodowhatshesays.
我們的老師很?chē)?yán)格，我們不得不按她說(shuō)的去做。
2.精確的；完整的
Hemadeastrictanalysisoftheexperiment.
他對(duì)這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)做了個(gè)精確的分析。
compulsory[]
adj.1.義務(wù)的；強(qiáng)制的；強(qiáng)迫的
EducationiscompulsoryforallchildreninBritainbetweentheageof5and16.
在英國(guó)5歲到16歲的兒童都要接受義務(wù)教育。
commitment[]
n.1.承諾；
Thegeneralhasrepeatedhiscommitmenttoholdingelectionsassoonaspossible.
將軍重申了盡快進(jìn)行選舉的承諾。
2．責(zé)任；承擔(dān)義務(wù)
Ivetakenontoomanycommitments.
我承擔(dān)的義務(wù)太多了。
3．忠誠(chéng)，信奉，支持
Thecompany’ssuccessthisyearwouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthecommitmentanddedicationofthestaff.如果沒(méi)有員工的奉獻(xiàn)精神，公司今年的成功是不可能的。
sceptical[]
adj.懷疑的
Everyonesaysourteamwillwin,butI’mskepticalof/aboutit.
人人都說(shuō)我們隊(duì)會(huì)贏，但我對(duì)此表示懷疑。
tendency[]
n.1.傾向；趨勢(shì)①(+to,towards)Thereisanincreasingtendencytowardstheuseoffirearmsbycriminals.罪犯使用槍械的趨勢(shì)在上升。
②（＋tov.）Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.
人們?cè)诩依锒皇窃谵k公室工作的趨勢(shì)日益增長(zhǎng)。
2．癖好，秉性①（+to,towards）He’salwayshadatendencyto/towardsfrivolity.
他向來(lái)表現(xiàn)出輕浮的傾向。
②（＋tov.）TheteachercriticizedhistendencytoviewworldaffairspurelyintermsoftheEast-Westconflicts.老師批評(píng)了他那種單純從東西方?jīng)_突的角度去觀察國(guó)際事務(wù)的傾向。
expand[]
vi.vt.1.擴(kuò)大，膨脹Thebusinesshasexpandedfromhavingoneofficetohavingtwelve.
這個(gè)公司已從一個(gè)分公司發(fā)展到擁有12個(gè)分公司了。
2.詳述（故事，論證等）,引申Idon’tquitefollowyourreasoning.Canyouexpand(onit)?
我不大理解你的論斷，你能詳細(xì)地加以說(shuō)明嗎？
You’llhavetoexpandyourargumentifyouwanttoconvinceme.你如果想使我信服，就必須詳述你的論點(diǎn)。
3．Vi.（人）變得更友善更健談Heexpandedalittlewhenhehadhadadrink,andstartedtotalkmorefreely.他喝了一杯酒，變得更友善，并開(kāi)始暢談起來(lái)。
distribute[]
vt.1.分發(fā)，分配某事物(+sth.to/amongsb./sth.)
Thedemonstratorsdistributedleafletstopassers-by.示威向行人分發(fā)傳單。
2．使（某事物）散開(kāi)，散布
Baggageloadedontoanaircraftmustbeevenlydistributed.
飛機(jī)載運(yùn)的行李應(yīng)均勻放置在各個(gè)部位。
拓展：distributionn.1.分發(fā)，分配（多作不可數(shù)名詞）
Theboyscomplainedthatthedistributionofprizeswasunfair.
男孩們抱怨獎(jiǎng)品分配不均。
2．分布，散布（多作不可數(shù)名詞）
Thepine-treehasaverywidedistribution.
松樹(shù)的分布很廣。
corporation[]
n.1.公司；企業(yè)JohnworksforalargeAmericanchemicalcorporation.
約翰為一家美國(guó)大化學(xué)公司工作。
2.市政府
Thecorporationhasdecidedthatnoheavy-dutytrucksarepermittedtopassthroughthecentreofthecityduringrushhours.
市政當(dāng)局決定高峰期間不允許載重卡車(chē)通過(guò)市中心。
拓展：corporate[]
adj.1.社團(tuán)的；團(tuán)體的
corporateresponsibility,action,etc共同的責(zé)任，行動(dòng)等
2．市政府的；公司的
Corporateexecutivesusuallyhavehighsalaries.公司里的管理人員一般享有高薪。
donate[]
vt.捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送
Thebusinessmandonatedalotofmoneytothehospital.這個(gè)商人捐給醫(yī)院很多錢(qián)。
拓展：donation[]
n.1．捐贈(zèng)；捐贈(zèng)品；捐款
Shemadeadonationof$1,000totheChildren’sHospital.她捐了1,000美元給兒童醫(yī)院。
curriculum[]
n.課程IsGermanonyourschool’scurriculum?你們學(xué)校有德語(yǔ)課嗎？
ministry[]
n[C]1.（政府的）部MybrotherworksintheMinistryofNationalDefense.
我弟弟在國(guó)防部工作。
2.theministry[GP]神職界；（全體）牧師
Hisparentsintendedhimfortheministry.他的父母有意讓他當(dāng)牧師。
aspect[]
n.1.方面Hementionedonlyoneaspectoftheproblem.
他只提到問(wèn)題的一個(gè)方面。
2.容貌，表情
Hewasseriousofaspectbutwhollyundistinguished.他面色嚴(yán)峻，卻不過(guò)一庸人而已.
3.（房屋、門(mén)窗等的）朝向
Sheprefersahousewithasouthernaspect.
她喜歡朝南的房子。
profession[]
cn.1.專(zhuān)業(yè)，職業(yè)（尤指受過(guò)專(zhuān)門(mén)訓(xùn)練的，如法律、教學(xué)等）
Heisalawyerbyprofession.
他是職業(yè)律師。
2.信仰或信念的表白Hisprofessionofconcerndidnotseemsincere.
他所表示的關(guān)心看來(lái)并非出自?xún)?nèi)心。
拓展：professionaladj.[]
adj.1.從事專(zhuān)門(mén)職業(yè)的Alawyerisaprofessionalman.
律師是從事專(zhuān)門(mén)職業(yè)的人。
2.職業(yè)的，專(zhuān)業(yè)的
Forprofessionalfootballers,injuriesareanoccupationalhazard.對(duì)于職業(yè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)說(shuō),受傷是職業(yè)本身帶來(lái)的危險(xiǎn)。
alongside[]
1.prep在…旁邊；與…并排
Thecardrewupalongsidethekerb.小汽車(chē)在路邊停下來(lái)。
2.adv.橫靠著；沿著；傍著
Webroughtourboatalongside.
我們把船靠邊。
advocate[]
1.vt.擁護(hù)；提倡；主張
Headvocatesbuildingmoreschools.他主張多建幾所學(xué)校。
2.n.（常與of連用）擁護(hù)者；提倡者
Iamnotastrongadvocateof“Englishonly”inthereadingclass.
對(duì)于閱讀課上只用英語(yǔ)，我不是個(gè)強(qiáng)烈的擁護(hù)者。
obtain[]
vt.,vi.得到，獲得
Ihaventbeenabletoobtainthatbook.
我還沒(méi)能得到那本書(shū)。
辨析：get,obtain,acquire,gain,win,earn這組動(dòng)詞的一般含義是“得到”。
obtain包含著“努力”、“希望”或“決意”去獲得某物的意思。
Thejournalistimmediatelysetouttoobtaintheseimportantfacts.
那位新聞?dòng)浾吡⒓粗肢@取這些重要的資料。
Ordinarypeoplewouldthenbeabletousethemtoobtainvaluableinformation.
那時(shí)平常的人便能運(yùn)用它們?nèi)カ@取寶貴的信息。
get是最普遍、使用范圍最廣的詞
Isatinthefrontofthebustogetagoodviewofthecountryside.
我坐在公共汽車(chē)的前部，以得到有利于觀賞農(nóng)村風(fēng)光的機(jī)會(huì)。
acquire雖然含有“努力獲得”的意思，但更強(qiáng)調(diào)在原來(lái)的基礎(chǔ)上自然增長(zhǎng)或新的增添。
Afterhavingbeeninstructedtodriveoutoftown,Ibegantoacquireconfidence.
接到把車(chē)開(kāi)出城的指令后，我的信心增長(zhǎng)了。
gain有obtain的含義，但更強(qiáng)調(diào)目的物需要努力奮斗才能得到，而且這種東西具有價(jià)值，特別是物質(zhì)價(jià)值。
Duringthattime,shesogainedmyauntsconfidencethatshewasputinchargeofthedomesticstaff.
在這期間，她得到了我姑姑如此的信任，結(jié)果被委任為家仆的負(fù)責(zé)人。
Apennysavedisapennygained.
省一文是一文。(諺語(yǔ))
win雖然常常可以和gain換用，但win具有g(shù)ain所不能表達(dá)的含義。如：獲得者具有有利的品質(zhì)
Itseemedcertainthatthiswouldwintheprize.
這一塊會(huì)得獎(jiǎng)，這似乎是肯定的了。
Thisinvariablywinsthemtheloveandrespectofothers.
這種行為常常為他們贏得別人的愛(ài)戴和尊敬。
earn包含著獲得物與所花的氣力是相互成比例的
Hisachievementsearnedhimrespectandadmiration.
他的成就為他贏得別人的尊敬和贊美。
Someofthemhavecomehomeforafewdayshard-earnedleave.
他們中的有些人已經(jīng)回國(guó)，度過(guò)那得之不易的幾天假日。
evident[]
1.adj.明顯的
Itsevidentthatyouaretired.
顯然你累了。
辨析：evident,obvious,clear,plain這組形容詞都有“清楚的”或“明顯的”意思。
evident在善于修辭的作者筆下，總包含一定的跡象。
Itsevidentthatsomeonehasbeenhere.
顯然有人來(lái)過(guò)這里。
obvious所表示的“明顯的”強(qiáng)調(diào)容易發(fā)現(xiàn)，常常用于修飾或說(shuō)明那些本想掩蓋而又沒(méi)有能掩蓋徹底的事情
Theropehadbeencut,soitwasobviousthatthelambhadbeenstolen.
繩子是被割斷的，因此這只羊羔顯然是被偷去的。
注：此句中的obvious換用evident則更確切。
Heisthestereotypedmonsterofthehorrorfilmsandtheadventurebooks,andanobvious(thoughnotperhapsstrictlyscientific)linkwithourancestralpast.
它們是恐怖電影和驚險(xiǎn)小說(shuō)中的老一套的怪物，并且與我們的祖先有著明顯的(雖然可能沒(méi)有科學(xué)的)聯(lián)系。
clear(以及常見(jiàn)的plain)是口語(yǔ)中常用詞，其含義為“清楚易懂”。clear除了“清楚的”，“清晰的”之外，還有許多其他含義。如“流暢的”，“無(wú)障礙的”等。
Thewaterofthelakeisasclearasglass.
湖水清徹如同明鏡。
Hegaveaclearanswertothedirectquestion.
他對(duì)那個(gè)直截了當(dāng)?shù)膯?wèn)題作了清晰的答復(fù)。
plain除了“清楚的”、“淺顯的”之外，也有些別的含義。如：aplainface(一個(gè)普通的或不漂亮的面孔)
TheletterwaswritteninplainEnglish.
那封信是用淺顯的英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)的。
select[]
1.vt.挑選，選擇；擇優(yōu)(selectsb./sth.assth.)
Iwasselectedfortheteam.
我被選入這個(gè)隊(duì)。
2.adj.挑選的，精選的,擇優(yōu)的
aselectgroupoftopscientists最優(yōu)秀科學(xué)家小組
afilmshowntoaselectaudience給內(nèi)部觀眾反映的影片
辨析：choose，select，elect，pick
這些動(dòng)詞都指從一些可能性中做出選擇。
Choose含有運(yùn)用判斷力在一些人、物或行為方式中選出一個(gè)的意思。
Wedonotchoosesurvivalasavalue;itchoosesus。
并不是我們把生存作為一種價(jià)值而選擇了它；而是它選擇了我們。
Select側(cè)重于從許多不同種類(lèi)中進(jìn)行選擇時(shí)的挑剔態(tài)度。
Fourskierswillbeselectedtorepresenteachcountry.
每個(gè)國(guó)家將選出四名滑雪者作為代表。
Elect強(qiáng)烈地暗示著通常在兩者之間作出挑選時(shí)的深思細(xì)想。
Ielectednottogo.
我決定不去。
Pick和select一樣，表示選擇時(shí)的小心謹(jǐn)慎。
Ipickedabooktoread.
我選了一本書(shū)讀。
suit[su:t,sju:t]
vt.1.滿(mǎn)足；取悅；適意；對(duì)…方便
Itsuitsmeifyoucometoworkateightoclock.如果你八點(diǎn)來(lái)上班我就滿(mǎn)意了。
2.適合，適當(dāng)Thatdresssuitsyou.那套衣服你穿起來(lái)挺合適。
n.1.n.一套衣服，套裝
abusinesssuit一套西裝
2.訴訟
Heissuingfordivorce.
他向法院提出要求離婚。
restriction[]
n.限制；約束
Thereisarestrictionagainstsmokinginschools.
禁止在學(xué)校吸煙。
拓展：restrict[]
vt.限制；限定
Herestrictshimselftotwocigarettesaday.
他限制自己每天吸兩支香煙。
schedule[]
n.時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表；程序表
Thenextthingonourscheduleistotelephoneourfriends.
我們的日程安排中要做的下一件事是給我們的朋友打電話(huà)。
presentation[]
n.1.[U]贈(zèng)送，引見(jiàn)，提出，出席，演出
Theyarepreparingforthepresentationofanewmusical.他們正準(zhǔn)備上演新的歌舞喜劇。
2.[U]贈(zèng)送，引見(jiàn)，提出，出席，演出等的方式
Sheneedstoimproveherpresentationofthearguments.她需要改進(jìn)闡述其論點(diǎn)的方式。
3.[C]所贈(zèng)送，引見(jiàn)，提出，出席，演出的事物，贈(zèng)品，禮物,（尤指經(jīng)儀式）授予之物
Wewenttothepremiereoftheirnewpresentation.我們?nèi)ビ^看了他們的新劇目的首場(chǎng)演出。
Thequeenwillmakethepresentationherself.女王將親自授予禮品。
拓展：present
adj.[]
1.出席的；到場(chǎng)的
Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeeting?會(huì)議有多少人出席？
2.現(xiàn)在的；現(xiàn)存的
Whatisyourpresentjob?你現(xiàn)在的工作是什么？
vt.[]
1.贈(zèng)予；頒予
Theypresentedflowerstotheirteacher.他們獻(xiàn)花給老師。
Themayorpresentedasilvercuptothewinner.市長(zhǎng)把銀杯授予了獲勝者。
2.提出；呈遞
Thecommitteeispresentingitsinvestigationreportnextweek.
委員會(huì)將于下星期提出調(diào)查報(bào)告。
Thebakerpresentedhisbill.面包師呈上帳單。
3.表示；呈現(xiàn)
Hepresentedhisapologies.他表示道歉。
4.演出；公演
ThetheatrecompanyispresentingRomeoandJuliabyShakespearenextweek.
劇團(tuán)下星期將演出莎劇羅密歐和朱麗葉。
5.介紹；引見(jiàn)；舉薦
MayIpresentMrRobinsontoyou?可否讓我向你介紹羅賓遜先生?
Thenewambassadorwaspresentedtothepresident.新大使被引見(jiàn)給總統(tǒng)。
6.展現(xiàn)
Healwayspresentsacalmsmilingface.他總是展現(xiàn)出平和的微笑。
7.表現(xiàn)；造成
Moneypresentsnodifficultytothem.資金對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)不成問(wèn)題。
ExpressionsfromUnit12
tomakecomparisons做比較
comparison
1.[U]比較
Heshowedusagoodtyreforcomparison.他給我們一個(gè)好輪胎作比較。
2.comparisonofAto/and/withB,comparisonbetweenAandBA和B的比較
Itisoftenusefultomakeacomparisonbetweentwothings.
將兩件事物相比較往往是有益的。
3.bear/standcomparisonwithsb./sth.比得上某人/某物
That’sagooddictionary,butitdoesn’tbearcomparisonwiththisone.
那是本好字典，但比不上這本。
4.by/incomparisonwithsb./sth.相比之下，比較起來(lái)
ThetallestbuildingsinLondonaresmallincomparisonwiththoseinNewYork.
tobeginwith
1.首先，第一
I’mnotgoing.TobeginwithIhaven’taticket,andsecondlyIdon’tliketheplay.
我不去。一來(lái)我沒(méi)票，二來(lái)我不喜歡這出戲。
2.起初
Tobeginwithhehadnomoney,butlaterhebecamequiterich.
他起初沒(méi)錢(qián)，可是后來(lái)相當(dāng)富有了。
toattach
1.toattachsth.tosth.將某物系在、縛在或附在另一物上
toattachalabeltoeachpieceofluggage每件行李上都加上標(biāo)簽
2.toattachsb.tosb./sth.將某人派給（一人或一組織）去執(zhí)行某任務(wù)，使隸屬于（尤用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）
You’llbeattachedtothisdepartmentuntiltheendofthisyear.你在年底前將暫屬于這一部門(mén)。
3.toattachoneselftosb./sth.（有時(shí)指不受歡迎或未受邀請(qǐng)而）依附某人、參加某事
AyoungmanattachedhimselftomeatthepartyandIcouldn’tgetridofhim.
聚會(huì)中有個(gè)小年青總纏著我，我也甩不開(kāi)他。
4.toattachsth.tosth.將某一事物和另一事物相聯(lián)系
Doyouattachanyimportancetowhathesaid?你認(rèn)為他說(shuō)的話(huà)重要嗎？
5.toattachtosb.與某人相關(guān)聯(lián)，歸于某人
Noblameattachestoyouinthisblame.這件事不怪你。
dropout
1.（從活動(dòng)、競(jìng)賽中）退出
Sincehisdefeathe’sdroppedoutofpolitics.他失敗后就不再?gòu)氖抡位顒?dòng)了。
2.中途退學(xué)，輟學(xué)
ShegotascholarshiptoCambridgebutdroppedoutayearlater.
她得到了劍橋大學(xué)的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，但一年后就退學(xué)了。
其它詞組：dropbehind落后
dropby順便訪(fǎng)問(wèn)：停下做短暫訪(fǎng)問(wèn)
dropoff睡著；減少
dropin順便走訪(fǎng),不預(yù)先通知的拜訪(fǎng)
relyon/uponsb./sth.todosth.
1.依賴(lài),指望某人、某事物
Ireliedonyourcomingearly.我指望你早點(diǎn)來(lái)。
2.信任、依賴(lài)某人/某事物
Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.你盡管相信我一定為你保密。
tendto有某種傾向；有…的趨勢(shì)
Peopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.
處于壓力下的人容易發(fā)揮自己全部的潛力。

Unit 12 Education (教學(xué)一體案)

一名合格的教師要充分考慮學(xué)習(xí)的趣味性，作為教師就需要提前準(zhǔn)備好適合自己的教案。教案可以讓學(xué)生更容易聽(tīng)懂所講的內(nèi)容，幫助教師營(yíng)造一個(gè)良好的教學(xué)氛圍。所以你在寫(xiě)教案時(shí)要注意些什么呢？經(jīng)過(guò)搜索和整理，小編為大家呈現(xiàn)“Unit 12 Education (教學(xué)一體案)”，相信能對(duì)大家有所幫助。

背景知識(shí)
keyschool
Thedesignation“keyschool”existsforselectedschoolsateverylevel:elementary,secondary,andhigher.Inaddition,therearevariouslevelsofthe“key”designationitself:Therearenationalkeyinstitutions;provincialormunicipalkeyinstitutions,andcountyordistrictkeyinstitutions.Keyschoolsallenjoypriorityfundingaswellastheprivilegeofrecruitingthebeststudents.Attheelementaryandsecondarylevels,thisconceptissimilartothatofa“magnet”or“collegepreparatory”schoolintheUnitedStates.Entryintosuchschoolsisbasedonexaminationandacademicpromiseandachievement.Forsuchschools,successusuallyismeasuredintermsofthepercentageofitsgraduatesenteringcollegesanduniversities----especiallythekeycollegesanduniversitiespriorityintheallocationoflimitedresources,thetrainingoftop-levelmanpowerforChina’sreconstructioncanbecarriedoutmoreefficiently.Incertainareas,the“keyschool”concepthascomeunderfire.Indeed,thesuccessofthekeyelementaryandmiddleschoolshasbeenmeasuredtoooftensolelyintermsofthecollegeplacementofitsstudents,ratherthanonmoreobjectivemeasurementsoflearning.Furthermore,remnantsofthesamesortofelitismthatshutdownthekeyschoolsduringtheCulturalRevolutionhavere-emerged,leadingtoquestioningbyeducationauthorities.Nevertheless,thevastmajorityofstudentsgainingadmissiontoChina’scollegesanduniversitiesaregraduatesofkeyuppermiddleschools.Thus,keyschoolsarelikelytocontinuetothriveaslongastheyenjoythenearmonopolyofplacingstudentsincollege.Finally,since1992,anewinformalcategoryofschoolshasemerged:theso-called“eliteschools.”Thesenon-governmentalschoolswithstate-of-the-artfacilitiesoftenchargeastronomicaltuitionfeesandcaterprimarilytochildrenofthenewandwealthyentrepreneurialclassinChina.“Eliteschools:existatalllevelsofeducation,fromkindergartenthroughhighereducation.(Formoreontheseschools,)

細(xì)說(shuō)教材
warmingup
Allthepeopleinthepicturesarefamouseducators
畫(huà)面里所有的人都是著名的教育家
[點(diǎn)拔]：educatorn.教育者，教育家
educatevt.教育
educationn.教育
educationaladj.有教育意義的，教育的，有關(guān)教育的
短語(yǔ)：educatesb.In/onsth.對(duì)人某人進(jìn)行…教育
educatesb.todosth.教育某人做某事
e.g.：ShewaseducatedintheU.S.她是在美國(guó)受的教育
e.g.：Childrenneedtobeeducatedonthedangersofdrug-taking.有必要對(duì)兒童進(jìn)行吸毒有害的教育
e.g.：aBritish-educatedlawyer.受英國(guó)教育的律師。
…andthenreporttotheclass
…然后向全班同學(xué)匯報(bào)
[點(diǎn)拔]：1.report動(dòng)詞，“匯報(bào)”：有以下搭配結(jié)構(gòu)
report(on)sthtosb/doingtosb向某人報(bào)告某事
bereportedtodo（接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)，只用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）“報(bào)告說(shuō)…”
e.g.：Thecommitteewillreportonitsresearchnextmonth.委員會(huì)下個(gè)月將匯報(bào)他們的研究情況。
e.g.：Theneighourreportedseeinghimleavethebuildingaroundroom.鄰居們反映說(shuō)在中午時(shí)分看見(jiàn)他離開(kāi)了大樓。
e.g.：Thehousewasreportedtobeinexcellentcondition報(bào)告說(shuō)明這房子的狀況極佳。
2：reportvt.“報(bào)道，公布，發(fā)表，宣布”（事件，消息等）
注意句型結(jié)構(gòu)：Itbereportedthat從句
相當(dāng)于名型：主語(yǔ)+bereportedtodo句型。
e.g.：Itwasreportedthatseveralpeoplehadbeenarrested.
轉(zhuǎn)換為：Severalpeoplewerereportedtohavebearrested.
據(jù)報(bào)道已有數(shù)人被捕。
report(on)sth“報(bào)道…”
e.g.：ShereportsonnewsfortheBBC.
她為英國(guó)廣播公司做新聞報(bào)道。
3：reportn.“報(bào)道”，“匯報(bào)”常與介詞on搭配。
e.g.：Arethesenewreportstrue?報(bào)紙上這些報(bào)道屬實(shí)嗎？
e.g.：aweatherreport天氣預(yù)報(bào)
e.g.：Canyougiveusaprogressreport?你能給我們提供進(jìn)度報(bào)告嗎？
Listening:
Compareyournoteswithyourpartners.
與你的同佯交換你的看法
[點(diǎn)拔]：comparevt.“比較”
comparisonn.“比較”
注意短語(yǔ)：
compareAand/withB“比較A和B”“把A和B比較”
compareAtoB“把A比作B”
compareto/with…“和…相比”
e.g.：Wecarefullycomparedthefirstreportwiththesecond.我們仔細(xì)比較了第一份報(bào)告和第二份報(bào)告。
e.g.：Peoplealwayscompareteacherstoredcandles人們總是把把教師比作紅蠟。
e.g.：Myownproblemsseemnothingcomparedwith/tootherpeople’s.與別人的問(wèn)題相比，我自己的問(wèn)題算不得什么。
[點(diǎn)拔]
comparenoteswithsb與某人交換看法或意見(jiàn)等
makeanoteof
makenotesof請(qǐng)記錄下…
takeanotes/notesof記筆記…
注意以上短評(píng)意義上的區(qū)別。
Speaking
aheavyworkload沉重的工作負(fù)擔(dān)
[點(diǎn)拔]：1.loadn.“負(fù)擔(dān)，負(fù)載”e.g.：suchaheavyworkload.如此沉重的工作負(fù)擔(dān)
2.loadn.“擔(dān)子，貨物”
短語(yǔ)：aloadof=loadsof接可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，“大量”，“許多”之意。
e.g.：Shehasgotloadsoffriends.
Shehasgotaloadoffriends.
她有許多朋友。
e.g.：Thereisloadsofworktodotoday.
今天有好多工作要做。
3.loadvt.譯為“裝載”
常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)：
load…withsth相當(dāng)于loadsthonto/into漢語(yǔ)意思是：“把某物裝到…上”
e.g.：Wearestillloading.我們?nèi)栽谘b貨。
e.g.：Menwereloadingupatruckwithwood..
轉(zhuǎn)換為Menwereloadingupwoodontoatruck.
工人正在把木材裝到卡車(chē)上。（工人們?cè)诳ㄜ?chē)?yán)镅b了木材。）
e.g.：Sheloadedfilmintothecamera.
轉(zhuǎn)換為Sheloadedthecamerawithfilm.
他把膠卷裝到了相機(jī)里。（他在相機(jī)里裝了膠卷）
[點(diǎn)拔]
區(qū)別burden:“重負(fù)”，多指心理思想上壓力。
load:“負(fù)荷”“擔(dān)子”，多指物體、事物。
e.g.：bearaheavyburden.忍受學(xué)生的心理壓力。
Hisagedfartherisbecomingaburdentohim
他年邁的爸爸正成為他的負(fù)擔(dān)。
tobestrictwith對(duì)…嚴(yán)格要求
[點(diǎn)拔]：1、strictadj.“嚴(yán)格的”，“嚴(yán)厲的”，注意短語(yǔ)
bestrictwithsb.對(duì)…要求嚴(yán)格（人）。
bestrictinsth.對(duì)…要求嚴(yán)格（事/物）。
e.g.：astrictruleagainstsmoking禁止吸煙的嚴(yán)格制度。
e.g.：Theteacherisstrictwithusandstrictinhisworkaswell.
老師對(duì)我們要求很?chē)?yán)格，對(duì)他的工作也很?chē)?yán)格。
strictadj.精確的，嚴(yán)密的。
Pleasegiveastrictunderstanding.請(qǐng)給我一個(gè)準(zhǔn)確的理解。
strictlyadv.嚴(yán)格地，固定習(xí)語(yǔ)Strictlyspeaking.
意為：“準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)”，“嚴(yán)格地講”。
e.g.：Strictlyspeaking,heisnotqualifiedthejob.
準(zhǔn)確地說(shuō)，他不是具備從事這工作的資格。
Reading
…everyChinesechildwouldhavenineyearsofcompulsoryeducation.
每一位中國(guó)兒童必須接受九年義務(wù)教育。
[點(diǎn)拔]：compulsoryadj.“義務(wù)的，有責(zé)任的”，“必須做的”。
e.g.：Ismilitaryservicecompulsoryinyourcountry?
你們國(guó)家實(shí)行義務(wù)兵役制度嗎？
e.g.：IsEnglishacompulsorysubject?英語(yǔ)是必修科目的？
…thatthefuturewelfareoftheircitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation.…公民的未來(lái)幸福與教育是緊密相關(guān)的。
[點(diǎn)拔]：1、closelyadv.“密切地”，“仔細(xì)地”，“緊緊地”
closelyadv.，與距離無(wú)關(guān)，指抽含意的關(guān)系近地。
Close也可作副詞，意思是“near,notfaraway”
為“接近，靠近”之意，指距離近地。
e.g.：Theysatclosetogether.他們緊挨著做在一起。
e.g.：Icouldn’tgetcloseenoughtosee.我無(wú)法靠得很近去看清楚。
e.g.：Isatandwatchedeveryoneveryclosely.
我坐著仔細(xì)觀察每一個(gè)人。
e.g.：Thetwoeventsarecloselyconnected.
兩件事件之間有密切的關(guān)系。
[點(diǎn)拔]：link聯(lián)系。
linkn.名詞：“聯(lián)系，連接”，“關(guān)系，紐帶”，常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)
linkbetweenAandB連接A和B/A和B之間的聯(lián)系。
linkwithsth.與…聯(lián)系。
e.g.：Policesuspecttheremaybealinkbetweenthetwomurders.
警方懷疑那兩樁兇殺案可能有關(guān)聯(lián)。
e.g.：WewillkeeptradelinkswithAsia.
我們將保持與亞洲的貿(mào)易關(guān)系。
linkv.動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)搭配
linkAto/withB(或linkAandB)把A和B連接起來(lái)。
e.g.：TheChannelTunnellinksBritainwiththerestofEurope.
英吉利海峽隧道把英國(guó)和歐洲其他國(guó)家連接起來(lái)了。
e.g.：Detectivehavelinedthebreak-intoasimilarcrimeinthearealastyear.
偵探以為這起入室盜竊案與去年此地區(qū)一類(lèi)似案件有關(guān)。
…madeacommitmenttoprovide……作出一項(xiàng)承諾提供…
[點(diǎn)拔]1.makeacommitmenttosb.todo“做出承諾”，相當(dāng)于makeapromise.
Commitment是名詞，意為“承擔(dān)”，“保證”。
e.g.：I’moverworkedatthemoment.──I’vetakenontoomanycommitments.
我目前勞累過(guò)度──應(yīng)承的事情太多了。
e.g.：Shedoesn’twanttomakeacommitmenttosteveatthemoment.
她不想在此刻對(duì)史蒂夫作出承諾。
2、commitvt.“承諾”，“保證”，注意短語(yǔ)搭配
tosth.
commitsb/yourselftodoing向…承諾做某事。
todo
e.g.：ThePresidentiscommittedtoreforminghealthcare.
總統(tǒng)承諾要改革衛(wèi)生保健制度。
e.g.：Bothsidescommittedthemselvestosettletheconflictpeacefully.
雙方承諾和平解決矛盾。
Tobeginwith,itisimportanttocreateapositiveattitude.
首先，重要的是拿出一種積極的態(tài)度。
[點(diǎn)撥]：tobeginwith固定短語(yǔ)，有下列意義：
inthefirstplace;firstly.首先，第一
e.g.I’mnotgoing.TobeginwithIhaven’taticket,andsecondlyIdidn’tliketheplay.
我不走。第一我沒(méi)有票，第二我不喜歡這出戲。
atfirst起初
e.g.Tobeginwithhehadnomoney,butlaterhebecamequiterich.
起初他沒(méi)有錢(qián)，但是后來(lái)他變得很富有。
beginwith“從---開(kāi)始”相當(dāng)于“startwith---”
相反的短語(yǔ)是“endwith---”“以—結(jié)束”
e.g.TheEnglishalphabetbeginswith“A”andendswith“Z”.
“Alphabet”這個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞是以“A”開(kāi)始以“Z”結(jié)束。
Inareaswhereagricultureplaysanimportantrole,peopledonotattachimportancetoeducation,andparentsarescepticalofanythingthattakeschildrenawayfromtheirworkonthefarm.
在一些地方，農(nóng)業(yè)扮演著重要角色。人們認(rèn)為教育對(duì)他們不是那么舉足輕重，父母對(duì)任何讓孩子脫離農(nóng)田勞動(dòng)的事情常表示懷疑。
[點(diǎn)撥]：playarole(in---)相當(dāng)于playapart(in---)“在---中起作用”或者譯為“在---中扮演角色”
[點(diǎn)撥]：attachto意思是：“把---固定”“把---附在---上”
e.g.Iattachacopyofmynotestothenewspaperforyourinformation.
我在報(bào)紙上附了一份筆記讓你參考。
attachimportance(value,weightetc.)tosth.固定短語(yǔ)意思是“認(rèn)為---有重要性（價(jià)值，分量等）”
e.g.Iattachgreatimportancetothisresearch.
我認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究十分重要。
[點(diǎn)撥]：sceptical“懷疑的”注意短語(yǔ)bescepticalof/about意思是“懷疑---”“對(duì)---表示懷疑”
e.g.Iamscepticalabouthischancesofwinning.
我懷疑他取勝的可能性。
Thepublicremainscepticalofthisclaims.
公眾對(duì)這一說(shuō)法仍持懷疑態(tài)度。
Chinaandothercountriesfoundthateveninthecountrysidewhenchildrendostartschool,theyhaveatendencyoftentobeabsentanddropoutlater.
中國(guó)和其它國(guó)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，尤其在農(nóng)村，孩子確實(shí)去上學(xué)了，而他們又經(jīng)常逃學(xué)，繼而輟學(xué)這一傾向。
[點(diǎn)撥]：dostartschool短句中，do是助動(dòng)詞，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，無(wú)任何意義，要重讀。
e.g.Shedidknowthetruthofthetheft.
她的確知道盜竊案的真相。
Shedosegototheparktofeedtheduckseveryday.
她確實(shí)每天下午到公園去喂鴨子。
[點(diǎn)撥]：tendency名詞“傾向”“趨勢(shì)”
tend動(dòng)詞“傾向”“趨勢(shì)”
tend動(dòng)詞“照料、看護(hù)”
e.g.Pricescontinuetoshowanupwardtendency.
物價(jià)繼續(xù)顯示出向上的趨勢(shì)。
Itendtogotobedearlierduringthewinter.
在冬季我常常早睡覺(jué)。
Therearenursestendingtheinjured.
有護(hù)士照料這些傷員。
[點(diǎn)撥]：absent形容詞“不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的”“不存在的”“無(wú)”
absence名詞
e.g.Heisabsentfromschoolveryoften.
他經(jīng)常曠課。
Lovewastotallyabsentfromhischildhood.
他的童年時(shí)代完全缺少愛(ài)。
Intheabsenceofthemanager,I’llbeincharge.
經(jīng)理不在，我來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)。
[點(diǎn)撥]：1.dropoutof這一短語(yǔ)的意思是“退出”“輟學(xué)”
e.g.Sincehislastdefeat,hehasdroppedoutofpolitics.
自從他上次失敗了，他就退出了政治生活。
ShegotascholarshiptoCombridgebutdroppedoutayearlater.
她獲得了劍橋大學(xué)的學(xué)籍，但是一年后她輟學(xué)了。
2.drop動(dòng)詞“降落、落下”“指人或動(dòng)物筋疲力盡地倒下”“降低、減少”
e.g.Thebottledroppedandbroken.
瓶子落下來(lái)，摔碎了。
Theclimmerslippedanddroppedtodeath.
登山者滑了下來(lái)，摔死了。
Hisvoicedroppedtowhisper.
他的聲音降到了耳語(yǔ)的程度。
3.drop相關(guān)短語(yǔ)
dropinonsb.(=callonsb.)拜訪(fǎng)某人
dropinataplace(=callataplace)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)/參觀某地
Insomecountriesparentsareparticularlyunwillingtosendtheirdaughterstoschoolbecausethecustomistoeducateboysraterthangirls.
在一些國(guó)家，父母尤其不愿把女孩子送到學(xué)校讀書(shū)，由于習(xí)慣上重男輕女的緣故吧。
[點(diǎn)撥]：unwilling形容詞“不愿意的”“不情愿的”反義詞是willing
willingadj.相當(dāng)于readyoreagertohelp意思是“愿意”
e.g.Areyouwillingtoacceptresponsibility?
你愿意承擔(dān)責(zé)任嗎？
will助動(dòng)詞，表示對(duì)未來(lái)事物的預(yù)料，還可表意愿等；
e.g.Youwillbeintimeifyouhurry.
如果你抓緊，你會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到。
Hewillstartschoolsoon,won’the?
他不久就上學(xué)了，是嗎？
He’lltakeyouhome---youonlyhavetoask.
他愿意帶你回家，你只要請(qǐng)求一下。
will名詞，意思是“意志、意愿”
e.g.Sheshowsgreatstrengthofwill.
她顯示出了堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志力。
Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.
有志者，事競(jìng)成。
[點(diǎn)撥]有關(guān)ratherthan的用法：
1.ratherthan可連接兩個(gè)并列成份，表示“---而不是---”ratherthan
e.g.Thecolourseemsgreenratherthanblue.
這顏色似乎是綠色而不是藍(lán)色。
Itwaswhathemeatratherthanwhathesaid.
這是他的意愿而不是他的原話(huà)。
2.句型woulddo---ratherthando---也可寫(xiě)成wouldratherdo---thando“寧愿做---而不愿做---”
e.g.Hewouldratherlistentoothersthantalkhimself.可換為：
Hewouldlistentoothersratherthantalkhimself.
他寧愿聽(tīng)別人談而不愿自己說(shuō)。
Hewoulddealwithamanratherthanwithawoman.可換為：
Hewouldratherdealwithamanthanwithawoman.
他愿意和男人打交道而不愿意和女人打交道。
3.wouldrather+從句“寧愿某人做某事”，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，表示希望現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的事；從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成式，表示希望已過(guò)去的事情；若用進(jìn)行式，表示希望正在進(jìn)行的事情。
e.g.Shewouldratherthechildrencalledonherthenextday.
她寧愿孩子們第二天來(lái)看望她。
Hewouldratheryouhadledahappylife.
我們寧愿你們已經(jīng)過(guò)上了好日子。
China’slargepopulationmeatthattheschoolshadtoexpandtotakeinmanymorestudents.
中國(guó)人口眾多，那就意味著學(xué)校不得不擴(kuò)大來(lái)接納如此多的學(xué)生。
[點(diǎn)撥]takein接人和接物，其含義不同
1.takesb.in意思是toallowsb.tostayinyourhome譯為：“收留、留宿”
e.g.Hewashomeless,sowetookhimin.
他無(wú)家可歸，我們便收留了他。
2.takesb.in另一個(gè)含義是tomakesb.believesth.thatisnottrue譯為“欺騙、蒙騙”
e.g.Shetookmeincompletelywithherstory.
她的一番花言巧語(yǔ)完全把我騙了。
Don’tbetakeninbyhischarm---he’sruthless.
不要被他迷人的風(fēng)度所蒙蔽，其實(shí)他冷酷無(wú)情。
3.takesth.in意思較多，常有“吸入、吞入”“改小、改瘦衣服”“包含、包括”“注意到、看到”
e.g.Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.
魚(yú)用鰓呼吸氧氣。
Thisdressneedstobetakeninatthewaist.
這件連衣裙腰身需要改瘦一些。
ThetourtakesinsixEuropeancapitals.
這次旅行包括六個(gè)歐洲國(guó)家的首都。
Hetookineverydetailofherappearance.
他仔細(xì)打量了她一番。
[點(diǎn)撥]manymorestudents“更多的學(xué)生”請(qǐng)注意修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用muchmore
e.g.Hehasmuchmoreworktodo.
他有更多的工作要作。
---thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolsissolowthatstudentsof---
---學(xué)生的數(shù)量是如此之少以至于學(xué)生---
[點(diǎn)撥]so---that---“那樣---以至于---”引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。
e.g.Hewassoyoungthatyoumustexcusehim.
他是那樣年輕，你必須得原諒他。
Hegotupsoearlythathecouldcatchthefirstbus.
他起得那樣早以便能趕得上第一班車(chē)。
sothat“以致”引表目的的從句
e.g.Let’stryandarrangesothatwecangetthereatoneo’clock.
咱們?cè)O(shè)法安排一下，以便我們能在一點(diǎn)鐘到那兒。
在so---that---分開(kāi)的句型中，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可將so放在句首，主句倒裝。上面兩句可改為：
e.g.Soyoungwashethatyoumustexcusehim.
Soearlydidhegetupthathecouldcatchthefirstbus.
---thisresultsinlargeclasssizes.
---這種情況導(dǎo)致了大班上課。
[點(diǎn)撥]resultin“產(chǎn)生---作用/結(jié)果”是固定短語(yǔ)
resultfrom“因---而產(chǎn)生”“導(dǎo)致”
asaresultof“因?yàn)椤薄坝捎?--的結(jié)果”
asaresult“結(jié)果”
e.g.Oureffortsresultedinsuccess.
我們的努力導(dǎo)致了成功。
Thetalksresultedinreducingthenumberofmissiles.
談判導(dǎo)致了導(dǎo)彈數(shù)量的減少。
Thefailureresultedfromhislaziness.
失敗源于他的懶惰。
Inmanydevelopingcountriesthereisnotenoughmoneyavailabletoprovideclassrooms.---
在許多發(fā)展中國(guó)家，國(guó)家拿不出足夠的錢(qián)為所有的孩子提供教室---
[點(diǎn)撥]developing為現(xiàn)在分詞，作定語(yǔ)修飾countrise
adevelopingcountry一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家
adevelopedcountry一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家
[點(diǎn)撥]providesth.forsb.(或providesb.withsth.)
supplysth.to/forsb.(或supplysb.withsth.)
offersth.tosb.(或offersb.sth.)
以上三個(gè)詞短語(yǔ)，大意“為---提供物”“把---物提供給人”但要注意offer含有自愿奉獻(xiàn)的意思。
e.g.Iofferhimaaglassofwine.
我敬了他一杯酒。
Weofferedhimthehousefor1000.
我要價(jià)1000鎊賣(mài)給他那幢房子。
Weofferedhim1000forthehouse.
我們出價(jià)1000鎊向他買(mǎi)那幢房子。
Theschoolprovidedfoodforthestudents.
(或Theschoolprovidedthestudentswithfood.)
這所學(xué)校為學(xué)生提供食物。
Theschoolsuppliesbooksfor/tothechildren.
(或Theschoolsuppliesthechildrenwithbooks.)
學(xué)校提供學(xué)生們書(shū)籍。
providing和provided還可作連詞使用，意為“如果--”“只要--”相當(dāng)于if條件句。但要根據(jù)句子主語(yǔ)判斷是使用provided還是使用providing。
e.g.Shemaycomewithusprovidedthatshearrivesintime.
如果她及時(shí)到達(dá)，她可能會(huì)和我們一起來(lái)。
Youmaygooutprovidingyoudoyourhomeworkfirst.
只要你先把作為做好，你就可以出去了。
Theequipschoolssomeofthesegovernmentsrelycompletelyonaidfromothercountries---
為了裝備學(xué)校設(shè)施，這些國(guó)家政府幾乎完全依賴(lài)外國(guó)。
[點(diǎn)撥]1.rely—relies—relying–--relied--–relied注意動(dòng)詞五式的寫(xiě)法。
2.relyonsb./sth.todo或relyonsb./sth.doing固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“依賴(lài)、依靠”
(相當(dāng)于bedependenton)
e.g.Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork.
現(xiàn)在，我們很大程度上依賴(lài)電腦來(lái)安排我們的工作。
Theindustryreliesonthepriceremaininghigh.
這一產(chǎn)業(yè)靠的是價(jià)格高漲。
3.relyonsb./sth.todosth.“信任、信賴(lài)”相當(dāng)于trustorhavefaithin
e.g.Youshouldrelyonyourownjudgment.
你應(yīng)該相信自己的判斷。
Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.
你可以相信我一定會(huì)為你保守秘密。

---internationalorganizationssuchastheWorldBankandnon—governmentalorganizations
---國(guó)際組織，諸如此類(lèi)有“世界銀行組織”、“非政府組織”---
[點(diǎn)撥]:non是一個(gè)前綴詞頭,可以放在名詞、形容詞前構(gòu)成一個(gè)反義詞。
e.g.non+n.
non-cooperation不合作
non-member非成員
non-smoker不抽煙的人
non-white非白種人
non-confidence不信任
e.g.non+adj.
non-existent不存在的
non-human非人類(lèi)的
non-stop中途不停的
non-smoking非吸煙的
non-nuclear非核子的
[點(diǎn)撥]:donate意思是givemoney、food、clothes、etc.tosb/sth譯為“捐贈(zèng)、贈(zèng)送”。常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)：donatesth.tosb/sth
e.g.Hedonatedthousandsofpoundstocharity.
他向慈善事業(yè)捐款數(shù)千英鎊。
e.g.AlldonatedbloodistestedforHIVandotherinfections.
所有獻(xiàn)的血都要接受愛(ài)滋病病毒和其他傳染病檢查
[點(diǎn)撥]:ofsth
makesure
that從句
注意接that從句時(shí)，從句常使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而不用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。這一短語(yǔ)有兩個(gè)含義，一是“確保，沒(méi)法保證”，另一是“查明”、“核實(shí)”、“弄清事實(shí)”。
e.g.Makesure(that)noonefindsoutaboutthis.
絕對(duì)不能讓任何人發(fā)現(xiàn)這件事
e.g.Theyscoredanothergoalandmakesureofvictory.
他們又進(jìn)了一個(gè)球，這就贏定了
e.g.Shelookedaroundtomakesurethatshewasalone.
她往四下里看看，是不是只有她一個(gè)人
[點(diǎn)撥]：despite介詞，意思是“不管、盡管、任憑”。注意固定短語(yǔ)：despiteoneself,譯為“盡管（自己）不愿意”
e.g.Hervoicewasshakingdespiteallhereffortstocontrolit.
盡管她竭盡全力控制自己，聲音仍然在顫抖
e.g.Despiteapplyingforhundredofjobs,heisstilloutofwork.
盡管他申請(qǐng)了數(shù)百個(gè)工作，但仍然在失業(yè)
e.g.Hehadtolaughdespitehimself.
他不想笑，但還是忍不住笑了出來(lái)
Integratingskills

[點(diǎn)撥]：commonadj.“常見(jiàn)的；普遍的；通常的”、“共有的；共同的”
n.“公共用地；公地”、“（學(xué)校等）學(xué)生公共食堂”
注意有關(guān)固定短語(yǔ)的使用：
havesthincommonwithsb/sth(想法、興趣等方面)相同/有相同的特征
incommon共有，公有
incommonwithsb與……相同
e.g.JaneandIhavenothingincommon可轉(zhuǎn)換為
IhavenothingincommonwithJane.
我與簡(jiǎn)毫無(wú)共同之處
e.g.Thetwocultureshavealotincommon
這兩種文化具有許多相同之處
e.g.Theyholdthepropertyastenantsincommon.
作為共同租賃人，他們共同占用這份房地產(chǎn)
[點(diǎn)撥]：suggest此處為“暗示；表明”之意，故從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞未使用表現(xiàn)虛擬形式的should+動(dòng)詞原形。
Suggest表示“建議”后面可接以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)
名詞
Suggest+動(dòng)名詞
從句（從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多由should+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，也可省略should）
Londonfortheirmeeting.他建議在倫敦舉行會(huì)議
e.g.Hesuggested
atwenty-daytourofEurope.他建議到歐洲作二十日游
e.g.Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway.
我建議用另種方法做這件事。
e.g.Hesuggestedthatshe(should)comeanotherday.
他建議她改天再來(lái)。
注意：現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，suggest作“建議”講時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)有時(shí)也可能有別的形式。
e.g.YourniecesuggestedImightcallandseeyou.
你的侄女建議我來(lái)看你。
2．Suggest“表明、暗示”接從句時(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣
e.g.Herpalefacesuggeststhatshehasn’tgotwell.
她蒼白的臉色表明她還沒(méi)有痊愈

[點(diǎn)撥]：thatthingsaresaid是定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞way,先行詞way常用that或inwhich作關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，that／inwhich也可以省略

［點(diǎn)撥］：selectv.“挑選、選拔”,todo
短語(yǔ)selectsb
　as+名詞　
　adj.仔細(xì)挑選的，精選的
　selectionn.挑選，選擇，選拔
e.g.Whohasbeenselectedtotakepartintheproject?
挑選誰(shuí)去參加這個(gè)工程?
e.g.Heisselectedastheteamleader.
他被選為隊(duì)長(zhǎng).
e.g.I’mdelightedaboutmyselectionasleader
我很高興被選為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)
e.g.TheselectedWorksofMaoZedong.《毛澤東選集》
[點(diǎn)撥]：
choose對(duì)所選事物事前不了解
區(qū)別pickout事前已知道或了解所選事物，通過(guò)辨別挑選出來(lái)
select精心挑選最好，最優(yōu)秀的事物
[點(diǎn)撥]：suitvt.“適合于”，指日期、天氣、食物、衣著、色彩等等諸方面
suitableadj.“適合的”besuitablefor
fitvt.“適合”只是指尺寸大小合適
fitadj.“適合的”
befitfor一是“尺寸大小合適”，另一是“適合工作”
e.g.Doestheskirtsuitme?指裙子的顏色、款式、圖案等是否合適
Doestheskirtfitme?指裙子的尺寸大小是否合適
這裙子適合我嗎？
這裙子合我身嗎？
e.g.WillThursdaysuityou?星期四合適嗎？（不可用fit）
e.g.Aplacesuitableforapicnic.一個(gè)適合野餐的地方（不能用fit）

習(xí)題對(duì)話(huà)
Languagepractice
1.①absent:notinaplacebecauseofillnessetc.
②compulsory:thatmustbedonebecauseofalaworarule
③standard:alevelofquality
④curriculum:thesubjectsthatareincludedinacourseofstudyortaughtaschool,college.
⑤distribute:sharesthbetweenanumberofpeople.
⑥tendency:behaveoractinaparticularway;anewcustomthatisstartingtodevelop.
⑦expand:tobecomegreaterinsize,numberorimportance;tomakesthgreaterinsize,numberorimportance
⑧skeptical:havingdoubtsthataclaimorstatementistrueorthatsthwillhappen.
⑨commitment:apromisetodosthortobehaveinaparticularway;apromisetosupportsb/sth
⑩load:sththatisbeingcarriedbyaperson,vehicle,etc.
2.1).compulsory2).continuous3).requirement4).unless5).corporations
6).demanding7).tendency8).comminent9).retires10).curriculum
11).benefit12).outcome13).ministries14).beexpanded
3.①leavebeforetheyfinishdropout.
②increasedgoneup
③hopesandrequirementsexpectations
④notpreparedunwilling
⑤examinedanalyzed
⑥leadtoacquire
⑦incomesandhigherlevelsofcomfortlivingstandard
⑧workedoutcalculated

考題檔案
1．[全國(guó)2004.25]Roseneedspecialcaretheycanlivethroughwinter.
A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.even
2．[全國(guó)2004.26]—Howabouteighto’clockoutsidethecinema?
--Thatmefine
A.fitsB.meetsC.satisfiesD.suits
3.[上海2003.30]Itisbelievedthatifabookis,itwillsurelythereader.
A.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterested
C.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest
4.[上海2003.34]Wewereinwhenweleftthatweforgottheairlinetickets.
A.arushsoanxiousB.asuchanxiousrush
C.soananxiousrushD.suchananxiousrush
5.[上海2003.50]Oneoftheconsequencesofourplanet’sbeingwarmingupis
a(n)inthenumberofnaturaldisasters.
A.resultB.accountC.reasonD.increase
6.[上海2003.54]Theengineoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweatherthehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.
A.addedtoB.resultedfromC.turnedoutD.madeup
7.[北京2002.30]Itwasrainingheavily.LittleMaryfeltcold,sothestoodtohermother.
A.closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing
8.[上海2002.39]besentbacktoworkthere?
A.whodoyousuggestB.whodoyousuggest
C.DoyousuggestwhowouldD.Doyousuggestwhomshould
9.[上海2002.50]Canyoumakeasentencetothemeaningofthephrase?
A.showoffB.turnoutC.bringoutD.takein
10.[湖北2004.30]Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthelocalmine,shepale.
A.gotB.changedC.wentD.appeared

一課一測(cè)
Ⅰ：?jiǎn)尉涓腻e(cuò)
1．Itisano-smokingoffice,theonlyoneofthebuilding.
2.Allofyou,includingthe10-year-oldchildmustmakesureyouwillfinishmorningexercisebefore6a.m.
3.Theclimateheredoesn’tfitanyonemovingformthesouth.
4.Hewhoisstrictinhimselfissuretosucceed.
5.Thetwoeventsarecloselyconnected,providingyouthinkover.
6.whodoyousuggestthegameshouldbeginfrom?
7.wherethereiswill,thereisaway.
8.shewouldratherallofhersonshaveattendedcollegeleavingheraloneathome.
9.Thelackofresourcesoftenmakeitimpossibleforteacherstoprovidethebestexercisestoalllearners.
10.ItisverydifferentfromforparentsofchildrenintheleastdevelopednationsofAfricaandAsia.
B級(jí)（創(chuàng)新提高）
I：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇。
1．Hewillsurelyfinishthejobontimehe’slefttodoitinhisownway．
A．inthatB．solongasC．incaseD．forfearthat
2．Astudent_________hisfamilylotsofmoneyforeducation．
A．spendsB．costsC．takesD．pays
3．Everyonewasontimeforthelecture________Charles,whoisusuallytenminuteslateforeverything．
A．butB．onlyC．evenD．yet
4．—Illtellsomethingaboutthechangeinyourjobtomorrow．
—You________mesometimeearlier．
A．oughttotellB．wouldhavetoldC．musttellD．shouldhavetold
5．Ihearyouaresayingthatdoctorsshouldbehighlypaid,andthisis________Idisagree．
A．whyB．whereC．whatD．how
6．Thereisnoexperienceyoucanhave________ismoreexcitingthanskatingonrealice．
A．thatB．itC．whatD．this
7．Youshouldntleavethewater________whileyouwashclothes;itsawasteofwater．
A．runB．runningC．beingrunD．torun
8．Onlywhentheyweretoldoftheimportanceoftime________wastingtimeislikewastingpartoftheirlives．
A．thoseboysrealizedB．thoseboyshadrealized
C．hadthoseboysrealizedD．didthoseboysrealize
9．________youmetwithYaoMingforthefirsttime?
A．WhenitwasthatB．Wasitwhenthat
C．WhenwasitthatD．Wasitthatwhen
10．Heaccidentally________hehadstolensomethingfromashopandhadbeenpunishedbytheguards．
A．letoutB．tookcareC．madesureD．madeout
11．TheywantedtogetpaidbeforetheSpringFestival,butitdidntquite________asplanned．
A．makeoutB．goonC．turnoutD．comeup
12．________theproject,theworkershavetostaythereforanothertwomonths．
A．NotcompletingB．Notcompleted
C．NothavingcompletedD．Havingnotcompleted
13．________tothetopofthehillandyoullfindthecitymorebeautiful．
A．ClimbB．ClimbingC．IfyouclimbD．Whenclimbing
14．Ourmonitorhas________largercollectionof________booksthananyotherstudentinourclass．
A．the;不填B．a(chǎn);不填C．a(chǎn);theD．不填;the
15．—Whatarewegoingtodoontheweekend?
—________．Whateveryouwanttodoisfinewithme．

no-smoking改為non-smoking2.去掉will
3.Fit改為suit4.in改為with5.providing改為provided
6.from改為with7.iswill之間添加冠詞a
8.去掉have，或?qū)ave改為had9.to改為for
10.去掉From

Unit 12 Education (閱讀)

Pre-reading
1.Lookaroundyourschoolandlistalltheequipment,peopleandplansthatareneededtorunaschool.Inordertorunaschool,weneedbuildingsasclassroomsandoffices,aplaygroundforthestudentstoexercise,desksandchairs,blackboardsandbrushes,teachersandworkers,andalotofotherthings.Ourgovernmenthastoprovidemoneytobuildbuildings,buyequipmentandpayfortheteachersandworkers.Thatwillneedalotofmoney.Insomeplaces,thegovernmentsaretoopoortorunenoughschoolsforallthechildrentogotoschool.
2.WhatarrangementsdoesthegovernmenthavetomaketoprovideeducationforchildreninChina?Discusstheproblemsordifficultiesitmayface?
A:Ithinkthegovernmentshouldpassalawtomaketheparentssendtheirschool-agechildren
toschool.
B:Thegovernmentshouldoffermoneyforeducation,forexampletomakesurethatallthegoodteachersarewellpaid.Thentheteacherswillworkwhole-heartedly.
C:Thegovernmentshouldgetridoftheexamsinordertoletthechildrenlearnmorethantheyare
examined.
Lead-in
Wearedifferentfromeachotherinmanyways,sowhenlearningthesamesubjects,wearelikelytoadoptdifferentlearningmethodswhichsuitourselves.Then,whatarethebasiclearningstyles?Andwhatisthefeatureofeachstyle?LetusreadthisshortpassageandfindoutOutline
Fastreading
Mainideaofeachparagraph:
Para.ACompulsoryeducationforallChinesechildren
Para.BEducationforAll—aninternationaltarget
Para.CEncouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
Para.DProblemsofnumberandlocation
Para.EMeetingthecost
Para.FSolvingtheproblemofteachingqualityinremoteareas
Para.GEducationforallchildrenworldwidewillbedifficulttoachieve
Mainideaofthetext:Thepassagemakesitclearthat“Educationforall”isessentialforthedevelopmentofacountry.Theparagraphsmostlydealwithmeasuresthatshouldbetakentoachievethetarget.
Carefulreading
1.Accordingtothetext,______ofschool-agechildrenattendedprimaryschoolby_______.C
A.99%;2000B.86%;2000C.99%;2004D.86%;2004
2.Whatsuggeststhatmanycountriesrealizetheimportanceofeducation?C
A.Theyrealizethatthefuturewelfareoftheircitizensiscloselylinkedtoeducation
B.TheyattendedtheWorldEducationForumin2000
C.AttheWorldEducationForumin2000,theymadeacommitmentcalled“Educationforall”
D.Theyaretryingtogeteverychildintoschool
3.______preventssomepeopleattachingimportancetoeducation.D
A.Theimportanceofagriculture
B.Heavyworkonthefarm
C.Traditionalideas
D.Alltheabove
4.WhatkindofclassescanoftenbeseeninwesternprovincesinChina?A
A.Mixedgradeclasses
B.Classesoflargesizes
C.Classesofsmallsizes
D.Classesbytwo-wayradioandmail
5.Whatmeasuresdomanydevelopingcountriestaketoprovideschoolswithnecessaryequipment?A.TheycallontheircitizenstodonateitB
B.Theydependonaidfromothercountriesandinternationalorganizationsorprograms
C.Theyborrowitfromtheirneighborcountries
D.Developedprovincesprovideaidforlessdevelopedprovinces
6.Howmanycountriesarementionedinthetexttohaveadopteddistancelearningmethods?C
A.1B.2C.3D.4
7.AccordingtoParagraphF,whichofthefollowingisoneoftheeducationproblemsexistinginAmerica?C
A.Thequalityofteachingisnotgoodnationwide
B.Therearetoomanyfamiliesnowbelowpovertyline
C.Onethirdofthestudentsliveinthecountryside
D.Violentcrimestakeplaceinschoolyards
8.Thetexttalksmainlyabout______.A
A.“Educationforall”----theinternationaltarget
B.solvingtheproblemsofteachingqualityinremoteareas
C.encouragingpeopleinruralareastoaccepteducation
D.problemsofthenumberofpeopleinoneareaandlocation
9.It’sdifficultforsomecountriesinAfricaandAsiatoachievethegoalof“Educationforall”,because_______.D
A.thepopulationistoolarge
B.theyarefacingmanyotherproblems,suchaslackoffreshwaterandbasichealthcare
C.theinternationalaidisfarfromenough
D.theeconomythereistheleastdeveloped
10.Whichofthestatementsistrue?D
A.People’sattitudetowardseducationaffectseducationsystem
B.Thenumberofpeopleinoneareaandpeople’sdistributioncanalsocauseeducationproblems
C.Educationsystemcanbeaffectedbyeconomy
D.Alltheabove
Comprehension
1.In_____,theChinesegovernmentintroducedalawstatingthatbytheyear_____everyChinesechildwouldhave____yearsofcompulsoryeducation.(1986,2000,nine)
2.Itisreportedthat____ofschool-agechildreninChinaattendedprimaryschoolby2004.(99%)
3.WhentheWorldEducationForummetin_____,itcalculatedthattherewere____millionchildrennotinschool.(2000,113)
4.AttheForum,themembercountriesoftheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)madeacommitmenttoprovide“complete,freeandcompulsoryprimaryeducationforgoodqualityforallchildrenby_____”.()
5.IntheTurksandCaicosIslands,wheretherearelessthan_______people,thenumberofstudentsinsomeschoolissolowthatstudentsofseveraldifferentgradesaretaughtinthesameclassroom.(20,000)
6.InnorthandcentralAustraliathepopulationissospreadoutthatchildreninsomeruralsettlementscanbeasfaras_____kmawayfromthenearestschool.(1,000)
7.___________studentsinUnitedStateslivesinthecountryside,andprovidingthemwithafullcurriculumisdifficult.(Oneinthree)
8.Chinahasalsoadopteddistancelearningmethodssuchastelevisionlessonsandin_____,theMinistryofEducationintroducedcomputerizedteachingnetworksincentralandwesternChina.(1999)
9.Now,whenaChinesecouplehas______,theycanbeconfidentthattheirchildwillbeabletoattendschool.(ababy)
10.ThismountainschoolinLesotho,Africahas____students(120)
11.TheAliceSpringsSchooloftheAirinAustraliahas____childrenwholiveinanareaofover__________squarekilometers.(140,onemillion)
12.Thereis____teacher,____classroom,nodoors,windows,desksorchairs.(one,one)
Accordingtothepassing,whichcountriesusethefollowingmethodstohelpthemprovideeducation?

Methods
Countries

distancelearning
Australia,China,theUSA

mixed-gradeclasses
TheTurksandCaicosIslands,partsoftheremotecentralandwesternregionsinChina,

moneyfrominternationalorganizations
China,thedevelopingcountriesinAfricaandAsia

moneyfromlocalorganizations
China,thedevelopingcountries

Whatarethewritingtechniquesofthispassage?
1)Numbersanddatesareusedtomakethepointofviewmoreacceptable.
2)Inordertoletmorepeopletaketheadvice,examplesareprovided,youmayfindtheminParagraphD.
Discussion
Arethereanywaysinwhicheducationinyourtowncouldbeimproved?Whichdoyouthinkisthemostimportantaspecttochange?
Ithinkthegovernmentofourtownshouldorganizemoreactivitiestoimprovethestudents’healthandabilitiestosolvepracticalproblems.WeshouldmakethebestofInternettostudy.
Morelibrariesshouldbebuiltinordertoencouragemorepeopletoreadandwrite.Contestsandcompetitionsofdoingpracticalactivitiescanbeheldtopromotepeople’sabilities.Thepoorshouldnotbecharged,otherwisetheycannotgotoschool.Giveusmorefreetime,thatis,stopgivinglessonsonSaturdaysorSundays.
Summary
Thepassagemakesitknownthat“Educationforall”isessentialforthedevelopmentofacountry.Theparagraphsmostlydealwithmeasuresthatshouldbetakentoachievethetarget,suchascreatingapositiveattitudetoruralareas,havingmixed-gradeclasses,distancelearningandsoon.Theauthorofthepassageshowsusourcountry’sachievements,inspiringusstudentstotreasurethenineyearsofcompulsoryeducationandmakethethebestofit.Studentsinpoorareasshouldbeencouragedtokeeponattendingschoolandimprovethemselvesthroughdistancelearningandothermethods.Ontheotherhand,studentsindevelopedareasshouldbeinstructedtooffertheirhelptothepoor.
Sentencestructure:
1.whenlearningsomethingnew,ifyouprefertoreadtheinformation,youareprobablyastudentwholearnsthroughseeing.
2.studentswhofinditeasiesttolearnanewconceptbyhearing….
3.learningthroughdoingmeansbeingactiveinexploringtheenvironmentandfindingout…
4.Readingaloud,usingataperecorder…arethebestby….
Explanation
1.commitment:n.pledge,undertaking
e.g.Hedoesn’twanttogetmarriedbecausehedoesn’twantanycommitments.
2.sceptical:adj.unwillingtobelievesomething,doubtful
e.g.We’rescepticaloftheteam’schancesofwinning.
I’mscepticalabouttheirprofessedsympathyforthepoor.
3.tendency:n.leaning
e.g.Thereisatendencyforunemploymenttorisethisyear.
4.donate:vt.contribute,give…toacharity
e.g.Howmuchmoneydidyoudonate?
TheyusedtodonategenerouslytotheRedCrosseveryyear.
5.attachimportanceto…：重視
e.g.Sheattachesgreatimportancetoregularexercises.
6.dropout:leaveschool/universitywithoutfinishingone’scourses
e.g.ShegotascholarshiptoCambridgebutdroppedoutlater.
7.ratherthan:insteadof,inpreference
e.g.IthinkI’llhaveacolddrinkratherthancoffee.
8.spreadout:awayfromothers
e.g.Thesearchpartyspreadoutoverthemoor.
Dealwithlanguagepoints:
1.besimilarto與。。。相似Myteachingstyleissimilartothatofmostotherteachers.
2.introduce介紹，正式提交，實(shí)施
HeintroducedmetoaGreekgirlattheparty.
Thefirstlectureintroducesstudentstothemaintopicsofthecourse.
Thecompanyisintroducinganewrangeofproductsthisyear.
Thenewlawwasintroducedin1991.
3.highly與high區(qū)別;close與closely區(qū)別
Doyouseethatbutterflyflyinghighabovethestreet?你是否看見(jiàn)那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飛舞著？Thedistinguishedguestswerehighlypraised.貴賓們受到了高度贊揚(yáng)。
引申：Suddenlythedoorwas______andincameMr.Wang.
A.openwideB.widelyopenC.wideopenedD.openwidely
（答案為C，由前面的suddenly可見(jiàn)，此句強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而不用形容詞，wide與widely都有副詞，但是意義不同，他們的區(qū)別好象deep/deeply，high/highly，close/closely）
4.Itisreportedthat據(jù)報(bào)道。。。
類(lèi)似的句型還有：itissaid/believed/hoped/announcedthat…
5.makeacommitmenttodo承諾
Commitmentn.承諾；約定；約束責(zé)任；承擔(dān)義務(wù),獻(xiàn)身，投入（常與tosb/sth連用）
acommitmenttopay$50000toRedCross承諾向紅十字會(huì)提供50000美元
Ivetakenontoomanycommitments.我承擔(dān)的義務(wù)太多了。
Hedoesntwanttogetmarriedbecauseheisafraidofanycommitments."他不想結(jié)婚,因?yàn)樗ε鲁袚?dān)任何責(zé)任。"
6.face用法
facetoface面對(duì)面地
Irushedoutoftheofficeandfoundmyselfface-to-facewiththeboss.
"我沖出辦公室,面對(duì)面地碰上了老板。"
Theburglarturnedthecornerandfoundhimselffacetofacewithapoliceman.
那竊賊轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)墻角，面對(duì)面碰上一個(gè)警察。
inthefaceof不顧；面對(duì)，在…前面
Hesucceededinthefaceofgreatdifficulties.盡管有巨大的困難，但他成功了。
Befacedwith面臨
IrealizedthatHamletwasfacedwithanentirelydifferentproblem.
我意識(shí)到Hamlet面臨著完全不同的問(wèn)題。
Thestateisnowfacedwiththeimmediatequestionofraisingnewtaxes.
國(guó)家面臨緊迫的問(wèn)題，收新稅。
7.tobeginwith（插入語(yǔ)）首先
類(lèi)似詞組有：tostartwith;totellthetruth;tobehonest;tobefrank;tomakethingsworse
Tobeginwith,whatisaninteriordesigner?
Althoughithadseemedagoodreason,tobeginwith:nocouplecouldaffordtohavechildren.
8.beskepticalof懷疑skepticaladj.~(about/ofsth)
Iamscepticalabouthischancesofwinning.我懷疑他取勝的可能性。
Thepublicremainscepticaloftheseclaims.公眾對(duì)這些說(shuō)法仍持懷疑態(tài)度。
Shelookedhighlysceptical.她一臉深表懷疑的神色。
9.attachimportanceto….認(rèn)為。。。很重要~importance,significance,value,weight,etc.(tosth)
Iattachgreatimportancetothisresearch.
10.dropout退學(xué)1退出，脫離2退學(xué)，輟學(xué)
Hehasdroppedoutofactivepolitics.他已經(jīng)不再積極參政了。
awordthathasdroppedoutofthelanguage該語(yǔ)言中已經(jīng)廢棄的一個(gè)詞。
Shestartedadegreebutdroppedoutafteronlyayear.她開(kāi)始攻讀工程學(xué)學(xué)位，但僅一年后就輟學(xué)了。
11.bewilling/unwillingtodo（不）愿意。（不）樂(lè)意
Theykeepalistofpeople(whoare)willingtoworknights.
他們有一份愿意夜間工作的人的名單。
I’mperfectlywillingtodiscusstheproblem.我十分樂(lè)意討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。
Theyareunwillingtoinvestanymoremoneyintheproject.他們不愿再為這個(gè)項(xiàng)目投資。
Shewasunable,orunwilling,togivemeanyfurtherdetails.她不能，或不愿意，向我提供進(jìn)一步的細(xì)節(jié)。
12.mean想要，意思是；
Whatdidshemeanbyleavingsoearly(=whydidshedoit)?
Don’tlaugh!Imeanit(=Iamserious).
I’msorryIhurtyou.Ididn’tmeanto.
You’remeantto(=youaresupposedto)paybeforeyougoin.
[常用被動(dòng)]~sbforsth|~sbtobesth（想要某人成為，想要某人去做）
Iwasnevermeantforthearmy(=didnothavethequalitiesneededtobecomeasoldier).我根本就不是塊當(dāng)兵的料。
PhilipandKimweremeantforeachother(=areverysuitableaspartners).Philip和Kim真是天生的一對(duì)。
[vntoinf]Hisfathermeanthimtobeanengineer.他父親想讓他當(dāng)工程師。
Shedideverythingtogetthetwoofthemtogether,butIguessitjustwasn’tmeanttobe.她極力撮合他兩個(gè)，但我覺(jué)得那根本不可能。
Byallmeans可以，當(dāng)然行，沒(méi)問(wèn)題
‘DoyoumindifIhavealook?’‘Byallmeans.’借我看一眼行嗎？當(dāng)然可以。
bymeansofsth(formal)借助。。。手段，依靠。。。方法。
:Theloadwasliftedbymeansofacrane.重物是用起重機(jī)吊起來(lái)的。
Bynomeans絕不，一點(diǎn)也不
Sheisbynomeansaninexperiencedteacher.她絕不是一個(gè)毫無(wú)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師。
Wehaven’twonyet,notbyanymeans.我們離成功還遠(yuǎn)著呢。
Bynomeansarethesecasesexceptional.這些例子絕不是例外。
13.distribute分發(fā)，分配，分銷(xiāo)，使散開(kāi)，使分布；分散~sth(to/amongsb/sth)
Theorganizationdistributedfoodtotheearthquakevictims.這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)向地震災(zāi)民分發(fā)了食品和毯子。
Thenewspaperisdistributedfree.這份報(bào)紙免費(fèi)分發(fā)。
Themoneywasdistributedamongschoolsinthearea.這筆款項(xiàng)是在本地區(qū)的學(xué)校中分配的。
WhodistributesourproductsintheUK?誰(shuí)在英國(guó)分銷(xiāo)我們的產(chǎn)品？
Makesurethatyourweightisevenlydistributed.注意讓你的體重分布均勻。
14.resultin（造成，導(dǎo)致）,resultfrom（因。。發(fā)生，隨。。。產(chǎn)生）
joblossesresultingfromchangesinproduction生產(chǎn)革新造成的失業(yè)。
Whenwaterlevelsrise,floodingresults.水位上升，就會(huì)發(fā)洪水。
Thecyclonehasresultedinmanythousandsofdeaths.颶風(fēng)已經(jīng)造成成千上萬(wàn)的人死亡。
[+-ing]Thesepoliciesresultedinmanyelderlypeoplesufferinghardship.這些政策使許多老人和殘疾人在困苦中掙扎。
15.spreadout分散伸展身體，攤開(kāi)東西
There’smoreroomtospreadoutinfirstclass.頭等艙寬敞些，伸得開(kāi)腿。
Doyouhavetospreadyourselfoutalloverthesofa？你就非得躺下，把整個(gè)大沙發(fā)全占了才行嗎？
Thesearchersspreadouttocovertheareafaster.搜索人員分散開(kāi)來(lái)，好更快搜索這一地區(qū)。
16.asfaras
asfarastheeyecan/couldsee極目所盡
Thebleakmoorlandstretchedonallsidesasfarastheeyecouldsee.荒涼的曠野向四面伸展開(kāi)去，一望無(wú)際。
asfarasIknow|asfarasIcanremember,see,tell,etc.就我所知道，盡我所記得的，依我看。
Asfarasweknew,therewasnocauseforconcern.就我們所知，沒(méi)什么可擔(dān)心的。
AsfarasIcansee,you’vedonenothingwrong.依我看，你沒(méi)有做錯(cuò)任何事。
ShelivedinChicago,asfarasIcanremember.據(jù)我所記得的，她過(guò)去住在Chicago。
as/sofarassb/sthisconcerned|就。。。而言
AsfarasIamconcerned,youcandowhatyoulike.就我而言，你想干什么就干什么。
17.available可獲得的，可找到的，有空的
Ticketsareavailablefreeofchargefromtheschool.學(xué)校有免費(fèi)票。
Whenwilltheinformationbemadeavailable?何時(shí)才能了解到情況？
Furtherinformationisavailableonrequest.詳情備索。
Thiswastheonlyroomavailable.這是唯一可用的房間。
We’llsendyouacopyassoonasitbecomesavailable.一有貨我們就會(huì)給你郵寄一本去。
Everyavailabledoctorwascalledtothescene.所有能找到的醫(yī)生都備召集到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。
Willshebeavailablethisafternoon?今天下午她有空嗎？
18.relyon/upon依賴(lài)；依靠
Thesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputerstoorganizeourwork.
[+-ing]Theindustryreliesonthepriceofrawmaterialsremaininglow.
Youcanrelyonmetokeepyoursecret.
Hecan’tbereliedontotellthetruth
19.adopt收養(yǎng)，采用（方法）；采納（建議，政策等）
Allthreeteamsadopteddifferentapproachestotheproblem.三個(gè)隊(duì)處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法各不相同。
Thecouncilisexpectedtoadoptthenewpolicyatitsnextmeeting.委員會(huì)有望在下次會(huì)議上正式通過(guò)這項(xiàng)新政策。
20.overcome克服，戰(zhàn)勝
SheovercameinjurytowintheOlympicgoldmedal.
Thetwopartiesmanagedtoovercometheirdifferencesontheissue.
InthefinalgameSwedeneasilyovercameFrance
Integratingskills
1.have…incommon
2.suggest不用虛擬的用法
3.demonstrate證明，論證，表達(dá)，顯露，示范，演示，示威（常用搭配：demonstrate+that/wh--/todo）
Letmedemonstratetoyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.讓我來(lái)向你說(shuō)明一下我們面臨的一些困難。
Hissuddendeparturehaddemonstratedhowunreliablehewas.他突然離去，這說(shuō)明他多么不可靠。
Thetheoriesweredemonstratedtobefalse.這些理論已被證明是錯(cuò)誤的。
Wewanttodemonstrateourcommitmenttohumanrights.我們向表明我們對(duì)人權(quán)的信念。
Herjobinvolvesdemonstratingneweducationalsoftware.她的工作包括演示新的教學(xué)軟件。
studentsdemonstratingagainstthewar.舉行反戰(zhàn)示威游行的學(xué)生。
4.category類(lèi)別，種類(lèi)
Studentsover25fallintoadifferentcategory.25歲以上的學(xué)生屬于另一類(lèi)。
Theresultscanbedividedintothreemaincategories.結(jié)果可以分成3大類(lèi)。
引申：categorize/se將。。。分類(lèi)，把。。加以分類(lèi)
Participantswerecategorizedaccordingtoage.參加者按年齡和性別分組。
Hislatestworkcannotbecategorizedaseitheranoveloranautobiography.他的近作既不屬于小說(shuō)也不屬于自傳。
5.beactivein積極參加
Shetakesanactivepartinschoollife.
Theparentswereactiveincampaigningagainstcutstotheeducationbudget.
6.approachvt./n.接近，靠近，建議，要求，（待人接物或思考問(wèn)題的）方法，方式，態(tài)度
Weheardthesoundofanapproachingcar/acarapproaching。我們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)一輛車(chē)駛近的聲音。
Sheapproachedthebankforaloan.她向銀行要求貸款。
Theschoolhasdecidedtoadoptadifferentapproachtodiscipline.學(xué)校決定采用另一種方式解決紀(jì)律問(wèn)題。
Shetookthewrongapproachinherdealingswiththem.她用錯(cuò)誤的手段和他們打交道。
語(yǔ)法：
（一）本類(lèi)詞有hard，hardly；late，lately；most，mostly等等，這兩種副詞形式含義完全不同，所以，使用時(shí)不易引起混淆。
1.Heworkshardallday.他整天都在使勁地干活。
Hehardlyworksatall.他很少干活。
2.Youhavecometoolate.你來(lái)得太晚了。
Haveyouseehimlately?你最近見(jiàn)到過(guò)他嗎？
3.Thepersonwhotalksmostisoftentheonewhodoesleast.說(shuō)得最多的人常常干得最少。
Theaudienceconsistedmostlyofwomen.觀眾大部分是女的。
4.ThenextflightdosenotgodirecttoTokyo;itgoesbywayofShanghai.下趟航班不直飛東京，而是繞道上海。
Hewillbeheredirectly.他馬上就來(lái)。
5.Theriderpulledhishorseupshort.騎手突然一下把馬勒住。
Makearightturnshortlybeyondthevillage.村前不遠(yuǎn)處往右拐。
6.Pleasestandclearofthegate.請(qǐng)不要站在門(mén)前。
Hestatedhisview-pointclealy.他很清楚明白地闡述了自己的觀點(diǎn)。
7.Theexamwasprettydifficult.這次考試相當(dāng)難。
Herlittlegirlsarealwaysprettilydressed.她的小女孩穿著總是很漂亮。
（二）這類(lèi)詞主要有wide，widely；close，closely；high，highly等等，這兩種副詞形式不同，含義也有差別，但是沒(méi)有第一類(lèi)的區(qū)別明顯，而且翻譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)用詞也很接近。所以使用時(shí)很容易混淆。這類(lèi)詞含義及用法上的主要特點(diǎn)是：不帶-ly的副詞表示具體的行為和動(dòng)作，說(shuō)明的動(dòng)作或狀況有可測(cè)量性和可見(jiàn)性；而以-ly結(jié)尾的同源副詞所表達(dá)的常常是抽象性的行為和狀況。這時(shí)，這些詞大都具有"greatly"和"extremely"的含義。試作如下比較：
1.Doyouseethatbutterflyflyinghighabovethestreet?你是否看見(jiàn)那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飛舞著？
Thedistinguishedguestswerehighlypraised.貴賓們受到了高度贊揚(yáng)。2.Heflungthedoorwideopen.他猛地把門(mén)開(kāi)得大大的。
Wewerewidelydifferentonmanyquestions.我們?cè)谠S多問(wèn)題上分歧很大。
3.Youwillhavetopaydearforthattelescope.買(mǎi)那個(gè)望遠(yuǎn)鏡你得付很高的價(jià)錢(qián)。
Youwillpaydearlyfortheinsult.對(duì)這樣的侮辱你將付出高昂的代價(jià)。
4.Shestoodcloseagainstthewall.她緊挨著墻站著。
Thepolicewerewatchinghimclosely.警察在密切監(jiān)視他。
5.Thebirdisnowflyingquitelow.鳥(niǎo)兒現(xiàn)在飛得非常低。
Hebowedlowlybeforethequeen.他謙恭地給女王鞠了一躬。
6.Theyhadtodigdeeptoreachwater.他們挖得很深才挖到水。
Youhaveoffendedhimdeeply.你冒犯他可不輕。
7.GraceisholdingtighttoPaul.格雷斯緊緊地?fù)ПеＡ_。
Thepassengerswerepackedtightlyinthetrain.火車(chē)車(chē)箱里擠滿(mǎn)了乘客。
8.Mr.Coletendstospeakratherloud.科爾先生說(shuō)話(huà)聲音總是很大。
Mr.Coleboastedloudlyofhispower.科爾先生大肆夸耀自己的權(quán)力。
（三）這類(lèi)詞主要有slow，slowly；quick，quickly等等異形同義詞。當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言規(guī)范性要求用以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，但由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及搭配的不同，使用時(shí)也具有不同的傾向性。在此，主要探討一下在什么情況下常使用不帶-ly的副詞形式。同時(shí)，把第二類(lèi)中一些適應(yīng)于下列規(guī)則的詞也包括進(jìn)去。總的說(shuō)來(lái)，傾向于使用不帶-ly副詞形式的情況大致有下列四種：
Ⅰ用作比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)時(shí)：
1.Allenwaswalkingquickly,butGeorgewaswalkingevenquicker.艾倫走得很快，但喬治走得更快。
2.Themenwerequarrelingloudly,butthepolicemenshoutedlouder.那些人在大聲爭(zhēng)吵著，但是警察喊叫得更響。
3.Thecarwentslowerandsloweruntilitcametoastandstill.汽車(chē)走得越來(lái)越慢，最后停了下來(lái)。
4.Letsseewhocanrunquickest.我們來(lái)看看誰(shuí)跑得最快。
5.Wemustlookcloserattheproblem.我們必須更加仔細(xì)地查看這一問(wèn)
題。Ⅱ有"so"或"too"修飾時(shí)：
1.ItallhappenedsoquickthatIcoulddonothing.這一切發(fā)生得如此之快以致于我手足無(wú)措無(wú)
法對(duì)付了。
2.Itisimpossibletoovertakehim;yourcargoestooslow.不可能趕上他了，你的車(chē)太慢了。
3.Donttalksoloud;thechildisinbednow.別這樣大聲說(shuō)話(huà)，孩子已經(jīng)睡了。
Ⅲ用于修飾表示移動(dòng)、天氣等常用動(dòng)詞時(shí)：
1.Comequick;wearewaitingforyou.快來(lái)，我們?cè)诘饶恪?br> 2.Driveslow;thispartoftheroadisdangerous.車(chē)開(kāi)慢一點(diǎn)，這段路很危險(xiǎn)。
3.Thesunshinesbright.陽(yáng)光明媚。
4.Whenwelefttheshelter,thesnowwasfallingthickandthewindwasblowingcold.我們離開(kāi)那棚屋時(shí)，正下著大雪，刮著寒風(fēng)。
5.Businessisgoingstrong.生意興隆。
Ⅳ在固定詞組中或當(dāng)用于修飾它經(jīng)常固定搭配的動(dòng)詞時(shí)：
1.Takeiteasy.不要緊張。
2.Standfirmandholdittight.站穩(wěn)抓牢。
3.Heoftenplayshigh.他賭注常下得很大。
4.Thesecretarycopiedtheroughdraftofhermanageroutfair.秘書(shū)把經(jīng)理那份粗潦的草稿很清楚地謄寫(xiě)出來(lái)。
5.Theyweredrinkingdeepinthefortdeepintothenight.他們?cè)诔潜ぶ型达嫷缴钜埂?br> 通過(guò)觀察，以上三類(lèi)詞中第一類(lèi)較易區(qū)別、掌握和使用。對(duì)于后兩類(lèi)詞，在判別使用哪一種副詞形式時(shí)一般可以考慮以下幾個(gè)原則：第一是具體性與抽象性的原則。在表示實(shí)實(shí)在在的物體活動(dòng)、位置移動(dòng)或具體可見(jiàn)的狀況和變化時(shí)，常使用不帶-ly的副詞形式，如：climbhigh，livecloseby，openwide，sinkdeep，turnsharpright；反之，具有抽象含義的動(dòng)詞常用以-ly結(jié)尾的副詞，如：thinkhighlyof，lookcloselyinto，lovedearly等等。第二個(gè)原則就是常用固定搭配與靈活搭配的不同。在一些固定詞組或經(jīng)常搭配使用的詞組中，不帶-ly的副詞形式使用得很多，如aimhigh，runhigh，fightfair，goeasywith，drinkdeep，sleepsound等等。第三個(gè)原則是口語(yǔ)體與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體的使用區(qū)別。如有人說(shuō)"Speakloudlyandclearly."也有人說(shuō)"Speakloudandclear."對(duì)此情況難說(shuō)誰(shuí)對(duì)誰(shuí)錯(cuò)，只能說(shuō)前一種說(shuō)法屬于規(guī)范性語(yǔ)體；而后一種說(shuō)法屬于口語(yǔ)體。不帶-ly的簡(jiǎn)單形式是早期英語(yǔ)遺留下來(lái)的口語(yǔ)體形式。例如現(xiàn)在還有人說(shuō)"Ibadneedthissortofmaterial."就如G.O.寇姆在〈英語(yǔ)句法〉（Syntax）一書(shū)中說(shuō)過(guò)的，帶-ly的副詞是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)或好的口語(yǔ)，但在松散的口語(yǔ)和大眾語(yǔ)中人們?nèi)匀粓?jiān)持使用沒(méi)有-ly的簡(jiǎn)單形式。
根據(jù)以上原則，可以解釋為什么可以說(shuō)"Donttalksoloud."但必須說(shuō)"Heprotested／complainedloudly。"Talkloud是常用的搭配形式，而且talk一詞的形象也比較具體；protest與complain則是搭配性很強(qiáng)的詞，還常常和許多別的副詞靈活搭配，如publicly，sharply，secretly等等。另外，這兩個(gè)詞比talk更具感情色彩，所以也就更具抽象性。